DOCSLIB.ORG

China April 2000 & Bulletin 9 & 10 & 11

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

CHINA COUNTRY ASSESSMENT October 2000 Country Information and Policy Unit CONTENTS 1. SCOPE OF DOCUMENT 1.1 - 1.5 2. GEOGRAPHY 2.1 - 2.9 Geographical area 2.1 Population 2.2 Surnames / clan names 2.3 - 2.5 Language 2.6 - 2.9 3. HISTORY 3.1 –3.36 pre-1993: 1966-76 Cultural Revolution 3.1 - 3.2 1978-89 and economic reform 3.3 - 3.9 1989 Tiananmen Square 3.10 - 3.12 Post-Tiananmen 3.13 -3.14 1993-present: 3.15 - 3.33 Crime and corruption 3.15 - 3.23 Government leadership 3.24 Economic reform 3.25 - 3.28 Currency 3.29 1999: Anniversaries 3.30 - 3.31 International relations 3.32 - 3.33 "One country, two systems" issues 3.34 - 3.47 Relations with Taiwan 3.34 - 3.36 Hong Kong: 3.37 - 3.39 Elections 3.40 Dissidence 3.41 -3.43 Mainland born children 3.44 Vietnamese boat people 3.45 Macao 3.46 - 3.47 IV: INSTRUMENTS OF THE STATE 4.1 - 4.21 Government and the Constitution 4.1 - 4.38 Political structure 4.4 General overview 4.5 - 4.9 Village committees 4.10 - 4.16 Neighbourhood committees 4.17 Legal framework 4.18 Criminal Law 4.20 Criminal Procedure Law 4.22 State Compensation Law 4.25 Regulation changes 4.26 Appeals 4.29 Security situation 4.31 - 4.33 Shelter and investigation 4.32 Re-education through labour 4.33 Land law 4.34 - 4.35 Military conscription and desertion 4.36 - 4.38 5. HUMAN RIGHTS: SPECIFIC GROUPS 5.1- 5.154 Overview of human rights. 5.1 - 5.5 Registration of societies 5.6 - 5.20 Political dissenters 5.21 - 5.24 Dissident organisations 5.25 -5.30 Religious freedom 5.31 - 5.34 Christians 5.35 - 5.44 General 5.35 Protestant Christians 5.38 - 5.42 Catholic Christians 5.43 - 5.47 Sects 5.48 - 5.50 Falun Gong 5.51 - 5.109 Overview 5.51 Nature of the movement 5.52 - 5.66 Organisation of the movement 5.67 - 5.75 Organisation of the movement in Fujian Province 5.76 - 5.74 Membership 5.78 - 5.82 Key events in the history of the Falun Gong movement 5.83 - 5.84 Chinese authorities' ban 5.85 - 5.96 Demonstrations and protests 5.97 - 5.100 Detentions, trials and sentences 5.101 - 5.108 Protest outside China 5.109 Deaths in custody 5.110 - 5.112 Falun Gong ban's effect on other groups 5.113 - 5.117 Asylum cases 5.118 Views of commentators on future developments 5.119 Muslims 5.120 - 5.121 Buddhists 5.122 - 5.124 Ethnic minorities 5.128 - 5.133 Tibetans 5.129 - 5.131 Uygurs 5.132 Mongols 5.133 Women: 5.134 - 138 Abduction 5.136 Divorce 5.137 ACWF 5.138 Children 5.139 - 5.155 Orphanages and child welfare system 5.141 - 5.149 Educational system 5.150 Homosexuals 5.151 - 5.152 People with disabilities 5.153 AIDS and HIV 5.154 6. HUMAN RIGHTS: OTHER ISSUES 6.1- 6. Penal conditions: 6.1 Torture 6.2 Death penalty 6.3 Organ removal 6.4 One child policy 6.5 - 6.28 Policy 6.5 - 6.8 Implementation 6.9 - 6.13 Actual implementation and practice 6.14 - 6.28 Freedom of speech and press 6.29 - 6.33 Freedom of assembly: 6.36 - 6.38 Trades unions 6.38 Freedom of movement: 6.39 - 6.63 Hukou System "Iron rice bowl" 6.39 - 6.63 Floating population 6.39 - 6.41 Hukou (residency status documentation) 6.42 - 6.63 Emigration: 6.64 - 6.105 General information on Chinese emigration patterns 6.64 - 6.71 Legal emigration 6.72 - 6.74 Illegal emigration 6.75 - 6.76 Dover deaths 6.77 - 6.79 Pacific coast cases 6.80 - 6.84 People smugglers (Snakeheads) 6.85 -6.93 Snakehead / officials collusion 6.94 Chinese authorities' approach 6.95 - 6.97 Fraudulent documentation 6.98 Routes used 6.102 People smugglers and Fujian province 6.103 Returnees 6.104 - 6.107 ANNEX A: PROMINENT PEOPLE ANNEX B: CHRONOLOGY ANNEX C: GLOSSARY OF CHINESE TERMS ANNEX D: GLOSSARY OF ENGLISH TERMS AND ACRONYMS ANNEX E: BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. SCOPE OF DOCUMENT 1.1 This assessment has been produced by the Country Information & Policy Unit, Immigration & Nationality Directorate, Home Office, from information obtained from a variety of sources. 1.2 The assessment has been prepared for background purposes for those involved in the asylum determination process. The information it contains is not exhaustive, nor is it intended to catalogue all human rights violations. It concentrates on the issues most commonly raised in asylum claims made in the United Kingdom. It represents the current assessment by the Immigration & Nationality Directorate of the general socio-political and human rights situation in the country. 1.3 The assessment is sourced throughout. It is intended to be used by caseworkers as a signpost to the source material, which has been made available to them. The vast majority of the source material is readily available in the public domain. 1.4 It is intended to revise the assessment on a 6-monthly basis while the country remains within the top 35 asylum producing countries in the United Kingdom. 1.5 The assessment will be placed on the Internet at the Home Office website (http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/ind/). An electronic copy of the assessment has been made available to the following organisations: Amnesty International UK Immigration Advisory Service Immigration Appellate Authority Immigration Law Practitioners' Association Joint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants JUSTICE Medical Foundation for the care of Victims of Torture Refugee Council Refugee Legal Centre UN High Commissioner for Refugees 2. GEOGRAPHY Geographical Area 2.1. The People's Republic of China (PRC) covers 9,571,300 sq km of eastern Asia, with Mongolia and Russia to the north; Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakstan to the north-west; Afghanistan and Pakistan to the west; India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam to the south; and Korea in the north-east. It has a long coastline on the Pacific Ocean. There are 4 municipalities - Beijing (Peking) (the capital), Shanghai, Tianjin (Tientsin) and Chongqing - and 22 provinces, of which the largest (by population) are Henan (Honan), Sichuan (Szechwan), Shandong (Shantung), Jiansu (Kiangsu) and Guangdong (Kwangtung). There are 5 autonomous regions - Guangxi Zhuang (Kwangsi Chuang), Nei Monggol (Inner Mongolia), Xinjiang Uygur (Singkiang Uighur), Ningxia Hui (Ninghsia Hui) and Xizang (Tibet) - as well as, from 1 July 1997, the Special Administrative Region (SAR) of Hong Kong, and from 20 December 1999, the Special Administrative Region (SAR) of Macau. [1] Population 2.2. The total population was estimated in 1998 at 1.251 billion. The official population growth rate is 0.93%, with an average life expectancy of 70 years. Han Chinese make up 91.9% of the population. [2f] Surnames and clan names 2.3. One website of unknown provenance gives the following. Surnames, according to Chinese tradition, follow the maternal line. They denote family or close village ties, and so marriages were not permitted between individuals with the same surname. Clan-names are different from surnames, recalling gifts of territories or titles to nobles by the emperor. The clan-name indicates the ancestral home of a person. [16b] 2.4. According to recent statistics (unspecified) the surname Zhang is the most prolific surname with over 100 million individuals with the surname. Zhang and the other top 9 surnames account for 40% of the Chinese population (in 1977 statistics). The next 10 most popular surnames account for a further 10%, and the following 10, a further 10%. An additional 15 surnames mean that a total of 45 surnames account for about 70% of the population. The remaining 30% are comparatively rare. [16b] Languages 2.5. The principal language is putonghua (Standard Chinese/Northern Chinese/Mandarin). Local dialects are spoken in the south and south-east. The Tibetans, Uygurs, Mongols and other groups have their own languages. Putonghua is taught in the schools throughout China, but local dialects are commonly spoken. For example, Fuzhou (capital of Fujian province) has its own dialect, quite different from the national language, and different again from the dialect in southern Fujian. Cantonese, and subdialects of Cantonese, is commonly spoken in Guangdong province. 2.6. The main official language, Modern Standard Chinese, is based on the main dialect of Chinese, Mandarin Chinese. Known as Putonghua - "the common tongue, i.e. used by everyone", also known as Hanyu - "the language of the Han people", it is spoken by 890 million people worldwide, and understood by the majority of PRC's 2.1 billion population. [20a] 2.7. The number of languages listed in one source for China is 206; 205 living languages, and 1 extinct. [20a] Apart from other indigenous languages, Chinese itself is divided into different dialects. The dialects are mutually unintelligible to different dialect speakers, differing mainly in pronunciation and vocabulary, with few grammatical differences. [20c] 2.8. The official written language is Modern Standard Chinese, with dictionaries listing as many as 40,000 separate characters. Standard core characters number about 10,000. Knowledge of about 2,000 characters is needed to be functionally literate. [20b] The literacy rate was estimated to be 82.2% in 1996, according to an official sample survey. [1] The transcription of Chinese ideographs into the Roman alphabet leads to significant variances in spelling, although China does have a standard system, pinyin, which is used both in China and internationally.[1,2a]. 2.9.
Recommended publications
  • 2015 Inventory of Library by Categories Penny Kittle

    2015 Inventory of Library by Categories Penny Kittle

    2015 Inventory of Library by Categories Penny Kittle The World: Asia, India, Africa, The Middle East, South America & The Caribbean, Europe, Canada Asia & India Escape from Camp 14: One Man’s Remarkable Odyssey from North Korea to Freedom in the West by Blaine Harden Behind the Beautiful Forevers: Life, Death, and Hope in a Mumbai Undercity by Katherine Boo Life of Pi by Yann Martel Boxers & Saints by Geneluen Yang American Born Chinese by Gene Luen Yang The Orphan Master’s Son by Adam Johnson A Fine Balance by Rohinton Mistry Jakarta Missing by Jane Kurtz The Buddah in the Attic by Julie Otsuka First They Killed My Father by Loung Ung A Step From Heaven by Anna Inside Out & Back Again by Thanhha Lai Slumdog Millionaire by Vikas Swarup The Namesake by Jhumpa Lahiri Unaccustomed Earth by Jhumpa Lahiri The Rape of Nanking by Iris Chang Girl in Translation by Jean Kwok The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan The Reason I Jump by Naoki Higashida Nothing to Envy: Ordinary Lives in North Korea by Barbara Demick Q & A by Vikas Swarup Never Fall Down by Patricia McCormick A Moment Comes by Jennifer Bradbury Wave by Sonali Deraniyagala White Tiger by Aravind Adiga Africa What is the What by Dave Eggers They Poured Fire on Us From the Sky by Deng, Deng & Ajak Memoirs of a Boy Soldier by Ishmael Beah Radiance of Tomorrow by Ishmael Beah Running the Rift by Naomi Benaron Say You’re One of Them by Uwem Akpan Cutting for Stone by Abraham Verghese Desert Flower: The Extraordinary Journey of a Desert Nomad by Waris Dirie The Milk of Birds by Sylvia Whitman The
  • January 2001

    January 2001

    WLB 2001.01, January 2001 Entry controls The LAW Financial control authority Genomic information LIBRARY of Human rights agreements and conventions CONGRESS Identification cards Immigration Ketamine Land privatization Libel suits Marine resource protection Organized crime convention Prevention of smoking Regulation of TV programs Religious organizations registration Right to silence Rights for indigenous peoples Trade navigation code Taiwan/China links WORLD LAW Updates: • World Trade Organization BULLETIN • European Union Developments Administrative courts Antiterrorist center Bilateral alliances Constitutional amendments Criminal syndicates Economic crimes Election procedures Taiwan–Economic crimes –Entry controls eased for mainland visitors –Mini-links with PRC approved The WORLD LAW EUROPE BULLETIN ~ a monthly Czech Republic–Senatorial elections under new law awareness service prepared by the Staff Estonia–New financial control authority of the Law Library of Congress. Italy–Identification cards Russian Federation–Religious organization Editors: Constance Axinn Johnson and registration closed Wendy I. Zeldin. For more information or research tailored to your needs, call: NEAR EAST the Directorate of Legal Research, at Azerbaijan–Trade navigation code adopted 7-4351or fax:7-1820. The Bulletin Israel–Court for administrative matters and information on Law Library services for Congress can be found SOUTH PACIFIC online at: Tonga–Contract for genomic information http://lcweb.loc.gov/law/congress LAW AND ORGANIZATIONS– GLIN: The Global Legal Information INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL Network, a primary source of authentic Australia/New Zealand–Migration legal information serving congressional Chile/Mexico–Strategic alliance forged research needs, is accessed through the China/UN–MOU on human rights Internet at: http://www.loc.gov/glin CIS–International antiterrorist center created Law Librarian of Congress and GLIN Laos/UN–Human rights conventions Director General: Rubens Medina, MERCOSUR/Mexico–Talks to open in 2001 tel.: 7-5065.
  • OCTOBER 2005 Home Office Science and Research Group

    OCTOBER 2005 Home Office Science and Research Group

    OCTOBER 2005 CHINA Home Office Science and Research Group COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE 1 OCTOBER 2005 CHINA Country of Origin Reports are produced by the Science & Research Group of the Home Office to provide caseworkers and others involved in processing asylum applications with accurate, balanced and up-to-date information about conditions in asylum seekers’ countries of origin. They contain general background information about the issues most commonly raised in asylum/human rights claims made in the UK. The reports are compiled from material produced by a wide range of recognised external information sources. They are not intended to be a detailed or comprehensive survey, nor do they contain Home Office opinion or policy. 2 Disclaimer: “This country of origin information report contains the most up-to-date publicly available information as at 31 August 2005. Older source material has been included where it contains relevant information not available in more recent documents.” OCTOBER 2005 CHINA Contents 1. Scope of document 1.1 2. Geography 2.1 Languages 2.5 Mandarin (Putonghua) 2.5 Pinyin translation system 2.6 Naming conventions 2.7 Tibetan names 2.8 Population 2.9 3. Economy 3.1 Shadow Banks 3.2 Poverty 3.4 The Environment 3.9 State owned enterprises (SOEs) 3.11 Unemployment 3.16 Currency 3.18 Corruption 3.20 Guanxi 3.26 Punishment of corrupt officials 3.28 4. History 4.1 1949-1976: The Mao Zedong era 4.1 1978-1989: Deng Xiaoping as paramount 4.3 leader Tiananmen Square protests (1989) 4.4 Post-Tiananmen Square 4.7 Jiang Zemin as core leader 4.9 Hu Jiantao: chairman of the board 4.10 5.
  • Falun Gong in the United States: an Ethnographic Study Noah Porter University of South Florida

    Falun Gong in the United States: an Ethnographic Study Noah Porter University of South Florida

    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 7-18-2003 Falun Gong in the United States: An Ethnographic Study Noah Porter University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Porter, Noah, "Falun Gong in the United States: An Ethnographic Study" (2003). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1451 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FALUN GONG IN THE UNITED STATES: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY by NOAH PORTER A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Anthropology College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: S. Elizabeth Bird, Ph.D. Michael Angrosino, Ph.D. Kevin Yelvington, Ph.D. Date of Approval: July 18, 2003 Keywords: falungong, human rights, media, religion, China © Copyright 2003, Noah Porter TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES...................................................................................................................................iii LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................................. iv ABSTRACT...........................................................................................................................................
  • YOUR SOURCE for CT Fishing Information

    YOUR SOURCE for CT Fishing Information

    Share the Experience—Take Someone Fishing • APRIL 8 Opening Day Trout Fishing 2017 CONNECTICUT ANGLER’S GUIDE INLAND & MARINE FISHING »New Marine Regulations for 2017 See page 58 YOUR SOURCE For CT Fishing Information Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection www.ct.gov/deep/fishing FISHING REGULATIONS GUIDE - GA TRIM: . 8˝ X 10-1/2˝ (AND VARIOUS OTHER STATES) BLEED: . 8-1/4˝ X 10-3/4˝ SAFETY: . 7˝ X 10˝ TRIM TRIM SAFETY TRIM BLEED BLEED SAFETY BLEED BLEED TRIM TRIM SAFETY SAFETY SAFETY SAFETY TRIM TRIM BLEED BLEED TRIM TRIM TRIM BLEED BLEED SAFETY SAFETY Client: Progressive Job No: 16D00890 Created by: Dalon Wolford Applications: InDesign CC, Adobe Photoshop CC, Adobe Illustrator CC Job Description: Full Page, 4 Color Ad Document Name: Bass ad / Fishing Regulations Guide - GA and various other states Final Trim Size: 7-7/8˝ X 10-1/2˝ Final Bleed: 8-1/8˝ X 10-13/16˝ Safety: 7˝ X 10˝ Date Created: 11/7/16 2017 CONNECTICUT ANGLER’S GUIDE INLAND REGULATIONS INLAND & MARINE FISHING Easy two-step process: 1. Check the REGULATION TABLE (page 21) for general statewide Contents regulations. General Fishing Information 2. Look up the waterbody in the LAKE AND PONDS Directory of Services Phone Numbers .............................2 (pages 32–41) or RIVERS AND STREAMS (pages 44–52) Licenses .......................................................................... 10 listings to find any special regulations. Permits ............................................................................ 11 National Saltwater Registry Program ............................. 11 Trophy Fish Award Affidavit ............................................ 12 Trophy Fish Awards ......................................................... 13 Bait and Tackle Shops .................................................... 14 Law Enforcement ............................................................ 16 Are The Fish I Catch Safe To Eat? .................................. 17 Aquatic Invasive Species .........................................
  • FAO Aquaculture Newsletter 32

    FAO Aquaculture Newsletter 32

    In the morning of 26th December 2004, a devastating Tsunami of incredible magnitude struck 12 countries in South East and South Asia, East Africa and the Indian Ocean. This natural disaster caused varying degrees of damage to lives, livelihoods, infrastructure and economies in India, Indonesia (Sumatra), Malaysia, Maldives, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Somalia and the Seychelles. The countries worse hit were Indonesia and Sri Lanka; India and Thailand also suffered significant damage. The incident, which occurred for only a few minutes in each country, took more than 290 000 lives and devastated many fisheries and coastal aquaculture in all the affected countries. Reports indicate that in Sri Lanka over 70 percent of the coastal fishing capability has been lost, and in Banda Aceh in Indonesia, besides serious damage to fisheries, almost 50 000 ha of aquaculture facilities have been destroyed. The Thai and Indian marine cage culture and shrimp aquaculture (including hatcheries) sectors have also suffered significant damages. The loss in human life is staggering and can never be adequately compensated, but rebuilding the fisheries and aquaculture sector is possible and necessary. In partnership with other agencies, FAO is helping affected countries by providing emergency assistance for relief, rehabilitation, planning and rebuilding of the fisheries sectors under an agency-wide, multilateral assistance programme supported by many countries and development agencies. In doing so, FAO will ensure that the relief and rehabilitation efforts will improve the capacity of the local people to be better prepared for similar natural disasters. The assistance programme is implemented in accordance with the national rehabilitation and rebuilding plans, and in collaboration and consultation with the stakeholders.
  • 2020 Michigan Invasive Species Grant Program

    2020 Michigan Invasive Species Grant Program

    2020 Michigan Invasive Species Grant Program MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES MISSION STATEMENT "The Michigan Department of Natural Resources is committed to the conservation, protection, management, use and enjoyment of the state's natural and cultural resources for current and future generations." NATURAL RESOURCES COMMISSION STATEMENT The Natural Resources Commission (NRC), has the exclusive authority to regulate the taking of game and sportfish, and is authorized to designate game species and authorize the establishment of the first open season for animals. The NRC holds monthly, public meetings throughout Michigan, working closely with its constituencies in establishing and improving natural resources management policy. The Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR) provides equal opportunities for employment and access to Michigan's natural resources. Both State and Federal laws prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, disability, age, sex, height, weight or marital status under the U.S. Civil Rights Acts of 1964 as amended, 1976 MI PA 453, 1976 MI PA 220, Title V of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 as amended, and the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act, as amended. If you believe that you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility, or if you desire additional information, please write: Human Resources, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, PO Box 30028, Lansing MI 48909-7528, or Michigan Department of Civil Rights, Cadillac Place, 3054 West Grand Blvd, Suite 3-600, Detroit, MI 48202. For information or assistance on this publication, contact: Michigan Department of Natural Resources Office of Grants Management P.O. Box 30425 Lansing MI 48909-7925 Phone: 517-284-7268 This publication is available in alternative formats upon request.
  • Rotunda ROM Magazine Subject Index V. 1 (1968) – V. 42 (2009)

    Rotunda ROM Magazine Subject Index V. 1 (1968) – V. 42 (2009)

    Rotunda ROM Magazine Subject Index v. 1 (1968) – v. 42 (2009) 2009.12.02 Adam (Biblical figure)--In art: Hickl-Szabo, H. "Adam and Eve." Rotunda 2:4 (1969): 4-13. Aesthetic movement (Art): Kaellgren, P. "ROM answers." Rotunda 31:1 (1998): 46-47. Afghanistan--Antiquities: Golombek, L. "Memories of Afghanistan: as a student, our writer realized her dream of visiting the exotic lands she had known only through books and slides: thirty-five years later, she recalls the archaeoloigical treasures she explored in a land not yet ruined by tragedy." Rotunda 34:3 (2002): 24-31. Akhenaton, King of Egypt: Redford, D.B. "Heretic Pharoah: the Akhenaten Temple Project." Rotunda 17:3 (1984): 8-15. Kelley, A.L. "Pharoah's temple to the sun: archaeologists unearth the remains of the cult that failed." Rotunda 9:4 (1976): 32-39. Alabaster sculpture: Hickl-Szabo, H. "St. Catherine of Alexandria: memorial to Gerard Brett." Rotunda 3:3 (1970): 36-37. Keeble, K.C. "Medieval English alabasters." Rotunda 38:2 (2005): 14-21. Alahan Manastiri (Turkey): Gough, M. "They carved the stone: the monastery of Alahan." Rotunda 11:2 (1978): 4-13. Albertosaurus: Carr, T.D. "Baby face: ROM Albertosaurus reveals new findings on dinosaur development." Rotunda 34:3 (2002): 5. Alexander, the Great, 356-323 B.C.: Keeble, K.C. "The sincerest form of flattery: 17th-century French etchings of the battles of Alexander the Great." Rotunda 16:1 (1983): 30-35. Easson, A.H. "Macedonian coinage and its Hellenistic successors." Rotunda 15:4 (1982): 29-31. Leipen, N. "The search for Alexander: from the ROM collections." Rotunda 15:4 (1982): 23-28.
  • The Virginia Wetlands Report the Virginia Wetlands Report

    The Virginia Wetlands Report the Virginia Wetlands Report

    Summer 2004 TheThe VirginiaVirginia Vol. 19, No. 2 WetlandsWetlands ReportReport Preserving The Bay’s Living Shorelines A Growing Grass-roots Effort By Tom Barnard he shores of the Chesapeake Bay, particular, the complex interrelated na- tions between the upland riparian envi- T and in particular the myriad of ture of the upland and aquatic systems. ronments (e.g. the forested buffer) and smaller creeks and guts that run inland However, the “armoring” of the shore- the marshes, tidal flats and shallow off its four major rivers, have for thou- line against erosion, with the accompa- water habitat. This, in turn, can lead to sands of years been buffered and pro- nying loss of most of the living aspects the drowning of fringe wetlands as sea tected from the forces of erosion by of the shoreline, continues at an ex- level rises and the marsh can not move communities of salt tolerant landward (up slope) or trap sedi- grasses, sedges and shrubs, collec- ments running off the land, to com- tively called tidal marshes. At the pensate for the rising water levels. same time, these natural communi- The eventual result is that the ties have served important ecologi- marsh is drowned and lost from the cal functions, as nurseries, habitat system. There are alternative ap- and primary food source for valu- proaches available which utilize able bay fauna such as fishes and “softer” more natural shoreline blue crabs. They also serve to filter treatments or incorporate aspects sediments and other pollutants of the living landscape while mini- running off the adjacent uplands.
  • Growth Performance, Length-Weight Relationship of Snakehead Fish Channa Striata (Bloch) Fed with Different Diets

    Growth Performance, Length-Weight Relationship of Snakehead Fish Channa Striata (Bloch) Fed with Different Diets

    International Journal of Zoological Investigations Vol. 4, No. 1, 81- 87 (2018) _______________________________________________________________________________________ International Journal of Zoological Investigations Contents available at Journals Home Page: www.ijzi.net ISSN: 2454-3055 Growth Performance, Length-Weight Relationship of Snakehead Fish Channa striata (Bloch) Fed With Different Diets Sugumaran E.1*, Shabeena B.2 and Radhakrishnan M.V.3 1Department of Zoology, Anand Arts and Science College, Thiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India 2Hebron Matriculation school, Manchampoondi, Thiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India 3Department of Zoology, Chikkanna Government Arts College, Tiruppur, Tamilnadu, India *Corresponding Author Received: 7th june 2018 Accepted: 22nd June 2018 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: A ninety day feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of different diets on the growth, specific growth rate of Murrel Channa striata. Triplicate groups of C. striata with average initial body weight of 11.02 g were fed with three isonitrogenous diets of 2% of wet body weight. Maximum weight gain was recorded with diet having 59.75% rice bran, 10.50% mustard cake, 12.25% groundnut cake, 10.25% soybean meal, 1.5% vitamin-mineral mixture and 0.5% salt with specific growth rate of 0.413. Keywords: Channa striata, Formulated diets, Growth, Length–Weight relationship ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
  • City University of Hong Kong Continued to Make Significant Progress in Many Areas of Knowledge Transfer

    City University of Hong Kong Continued to Make Significant Progress in Many Areas of Knowledge Transfer

    Annual Report on Knowledge Transfer for 2017-2018 to University Grants Committee Table of Contents Page Executive Summary 1 1. Fostering Technology Transfer 2 2. Broadening Knowledge Transfer beyond Science and Engineering Disciplines 4 3. Upholding Research Excellence 4 4. Expanding Research Platform and Technology Transfer to the Mainland 5 5. Nurturing Inno-preneurship Ecosystem 6 6. Impact Cases 8 Appendix 1 – Summary of Knowledge Transfer Performance Indicators 12 Appendix 2 – Patents Filed 14 Appendix 3 – Patents Granted 15 Appendix 4 – Economically Active Spin-off Companies 16 Appendix 5 – Knowledge Transfer in College of Business 17 Appendix 6 – Knowledge Transfer in College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences 20 Appendix 7 – Knowledge Transfer in College of Science and Engineering 23 Appendix 8 – Knowledge Transfer in College of Veterinary Medicine and Life 28 Sciences Appendix 9 – Knowledge Transfer in School of Creative Media 29 Appendix 10 – Knowledge Transfer in School of Energy and Environment 31 Appendix 11 – Knowledge Transfer in School of Law 32 Executive Summary In the reporting period, City University of Hong Kong continued to make significant progress in many areas of knowledge transfer. First and foremost is the soaring licensing income of over HK$18m, second highest obtained so far. City University has continued to strengthen technology transfer partnership with leading universities worldwide, so that a much larger and more comprehensive portfolio of technology solutions can benefit the University’s own technology marketing efforts. On the market development side, we have expanded our reach into inland market, establishing new relationships with inland government agencies. Partnership and collaboration with local and international industrialists, trade and commerce organizations, and innovation and research bodies have been a core commitment of City University in upholding its applied research and technology transfer endeavours.
  • Volume 2, Issue 1 January—February 2018

    Volume 2, Issue 1 January—February 2018

    The Journal of CESNUR $ Volume 2, Issue 1 January—February 2018 $ The Journal of CESNUR $ Director-in-Charge | Direttore responsabile Marco Respinti Editor-in-Chief | Direttore Massimo Introvigne Center for Studies on New Religions, Turin, Italy Associate Editor | Vicedirettore PierLuigi Zoccatelli Pontifical Salesian University, Turin, Italy Editorial Board / International Consultants Milda Ališauskienė Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania Eileen Barker London School of Economics, London, United Kingdom Luigi Berzano University of Turin, Turin, Italy Antoine Faivre École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris, France Holly Folk Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, USA Liselotte Frisk Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden J. Gordon Melton Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA Susan Palmer McGill University, Montreal, Canada Stefania Palmisano University of Turin, Turin, Italy Bernadette Rigal-Cellard Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Bordeaux, France Instructions for Authors and submission guidelines can be found on our website at www.cesnur.net. ISSN: 2532-2990 The Journal of CESNUR is published bi-monthly by CESNUR (Center for Studies on New Religions), Via Confienza 19, 10121 Torino, Italy. $ The Journal of CESNUR $ Volume 2, Issue 1, January—February 2018 Contents Articles 3 Anti-Cult Campaigns in China and the Case of The Church of Almighty God: An Introduction PierLuigi Zoccatelli 13 Xie Jiao as “Criminal Religious Movements”: A New Look at Cult Controversies in China and Around the World Massimo Introvigne 33 The List: