DOCSLIB.ORG

Institute's History

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Institute's History 1 History of the Wisconsin Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies By Ian Harris, Dick Ringler, Kent Shifferd, and William Skelton The Wisconsin Institute for the Study of the future League of Nations that were War, Peace, and Global Cooperation, designed to outlaw war. now the Wisconsin Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies, began in the early Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), 1980s, a period of considerable peace including those in the peace movement, activity in the United States.1 Most were early advocates for peace specifically, in response to the education. Peace societies came breakdown of arms control talks and together at world peace conventions, the saber rattling by President Ronald first of which took place in The Hague, Reagan, a worldwide peace movement Netherlands, on May 18, 1899, a day had emerged, focusing on the thereafter commemorated as peace day proliferation of nuclear weapons and and celebrated on campuses and the heightened tensions of the Cold schools throughout the United States. War. In addition, U.S. involvement in In Wisconsin, there was considerable Central America had spawned various resistance to the First World War by the “cells” of nonviolent activists across the German settlers who did not want the United States who demonstrated United States to enter into war against against military oppression in Latin their “fatherland.” Much of the America and sent peace delegations to opposition also came from socialists countries like Guatemala, El Salvador, opposed to fighting “a rich man‟s war.” and Nicaragua. In a broader historical After World War I, peace activists and context, however, the formation of the educators promoted “education for Wisconsin Institute also reflected trends international understanding,” whose in the fields of peace studies, peace purpose was to humanize different education, and peace research that had cultures around the world so that they developed during the twentieth century. could not be converted to enemies and hence become the focal point for war The Rise of Peace Education and propaganda. This thrust is currently Research seen on campuses and in schools as “international education” or “global Peace education has always had a studies.” reciprocal relationship with peace movements. In the nineteenth century, World War II created new interest in a most of the impetus to establish variety of peace education known as courses and programs to teach peace on “education for world citizenship” that college and university campuses came was focused on politics practiced by the from concern about the horrors of dominant world powers, the United modern warfare. After the large-scale States and the Soviet Union, that led to slaughter of the American Civil War, the Cold War with its concomitant peace clubs sprang up on various buildup of weapons of mass college and university campuses destruction. The creation of the United throughout North America and Europe. Nations in 1945 spurred new interest in These clubs were often aligned with ways to avoid the scourge of war. In various peace societies that sponsored 1948, the first academic program in national speakers who would travel peace studies began at Manchester from campus to campus denouncing College, a small Brethren college in war and war preparation and promoting North Manchester, Indiana. the establishment of organizations like 2 The field of peace research developed as Boulding, Bert Rolling, Johan Galtung, a “science of peace” in the 1950s to and others, culminated in the first counteract the science of war that had International Peace Research produced so much mass killing. The Association (IPRA) meeting held in first Pugwash Conference was held in Groningen, the Netherlands, in 1965. 1957 in the village of Pugwash, Nova Since that time, IPRA has played a Scotia, Canada, birthplace of the leading role in stimulating the growth of American philanthropist Cyrus Eaton, peace research through its biennial who hosted the meeting. The stimulus conferences and twenty commissions. for that gathering was a Manifesto issued in 1955 by Bertrand Russell and The field of peace research began with Albert Einstein and signed by other the study of wars—why they occur and distinguished academics that called what can be done to stop them. This upon scientists of all political approach to peace became known as persuasions to assemble to discuss the “negative peace,” e.g., stopping some threat posed to civilization by the form of violence. Partly under the advent of thermonuclear weapons. leadership of Johan Galtung, but also Pugwash Conferences bring together through concern for the problems of from around the world influential underdevelopment that plague scholars and public figures concerned countries in the South, peace with reducing the danger of armed researchers in the 1960s began to conflict and seeking cooperative discuss concepts of positive peace that solutions for global problems of war and focused on human rights and justice. peace. This impetus came from Gandhian scholars in India who were concerned In 1959, the Peace Research Institute about peacelessness and the challenges Oslo (PRIO) was founded in Norway of development. Also in the 1960s, under the leadership of Bert Roling. building on the success of Gandhi in Johan Galtung, who has become a overthrowing the yoke of the British leading figure in the field of peace empire in India and the nonviolent research, was active in PRIO, an tactics of the American civil rights organization that publishes two movement inspired by the leadership of academic journals, Journal of Peace Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., scholars Research and Bulletin of Peace began to focus on the use of Proposals, that have helped develop the nonviolence as a creative tool to deal field of peace research. In Britain, the with oppression. Lancaster Peace Research Center, later to become the Richardson Institute, was This expansion of the field of peace also formed in 1959. These early efforts research points to an important laid the foundation of a new academic symbiotic relationship between peace field, peace research, that blossomed movements, peace research, and peace during the 1960s, an era when the studies. The activists lead, developing world was focused on the U.S. war in strategies to oppose violence, whether it Vietnam. be wars between nations, colonial aggression, cultural, domestic, or In 1962, the Women‟s International structural violence. Academics League for Peace and Freedom, which commenting on these developments had its origins during the First World further the field of peace research. The War, set up an International activists, seeking a way to broaden their Consultative Committee on peace message, seek to educate others research that was headed by Elise through peace education. Teachers Boulding, who in 1963 started observing these activities promote peace publishing an International Peace studies courses and programs in Research Newsletter. Her efforts, with schools and colleges to provide support from her husband Kenneth awareness of the challenges of war and 3 peace in their classrooms. Peace colleges and universities in the United researchers seek to promulgate their States had peace studies programs, findings about the success or lack of while many more had courses focusing efficacy of different peace strategies on the problems of war and through peace studies programs. This underdevelopment. Most of the creative recycling of insights into the academic programs were minors or causes of violence and the conditions certificate programs3 created by faculty for peace through the realms of peace responding to student demands to action, research, and education create courses of study that had provides dynamism for peace studies. relevance to their lives. During this decade, the University of Wisconsin- At the end of the decade of the 1960s, Stevens Point established a in a time of world-wide questioning of concentration in peace studies. state policies promoting violence and patriarchal power relations, peace In the 1980s, the decade in which the researchers in the United Sates came Wisconsin Institute was born, peace together to form an organization, the studies saw a huge growth on college Consortium for Peace Research, campuses as a result of growing alarm Education, and Development (COPRED) about the Cold War and the production that brought together scholars and and threatened use of nuclear weapons. activists to discuss and analyze their Concern about the fate of the planet practice. COPRED was the North created new courses and programs American affiliate of the IPRA. COPRED aimed toward promoting global survival. held annual conferences that brought At this same time, international together grassroots activists, teachers, nongovernmental organizations scholars, and researchers.2 It provides reaching out across national boundaries a forum for academics and educators fostered citizen-to-citizen exchanges concerned about wars, ethnic conflicts, (known as “track two” diplomacy), so and human rights to exchange insights the focus of peace studies shifted about efforts to promote peace. In somewhat from state actors to peace 1978, COPRED became an official movements and peace organizations cosponsor of Peace and Change, an that contributed to the dissolution of academic journal started in 1972 by the the Iron Curtain and the end of the Cold Conference on Peace Research in War. During this decade, a wide variety History (CPHR, founded in 1964), now of conflict resolution programs
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Nuclear Freeze Campaign and the Role of Organizers
    Week Three Reading Guide: The Nuclear Freeze campaign and the role of organizers The reading by Redekop has been replaced by a book review by Randall Forsberg, and the long rough- cut video interview of Forsberg has been replaced by a shorter, more focused one. We start the first day with a brief discussion of Gusterson’s second article, building on the previous long discussion of the first one. September 23, 2019 Gusterson, H. 1999, “Feminist Militarism,” PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 22.2, 17; https://doi.org/10.1525/pol.1999.22.2.17 This article focuses on the feminist themes Gusterson touched on in his earlier one. He begins restating the essentialist position and its opposition by feminists via “social constructedness.” Second-wave feminism started with Simone de Beauvoir’s idea that gender is constructed (“One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman”) and extending to post-structuralist Judith Butler, for whom gender is a performance, potentially fluid, learned and practiced daily based on cultural norms and discourses. Gusterson is intrigued by the idea of feminist militarism as performance. “If we weren’t feminists when we went in [to the military], we were when we came out.” What was meant by this? How does the military culture described in the article reflect gender essentialism? On p. 22, Gusterson argues that the women’s movement and the peace movement “remake their mythic narratives… through the tropes of revitalization.” What does he mean by this? Do you agree or disagree? Why? Is feminist militarism feminist? Does your answer depend on whether you adopt essentialist or constructivist reasoning? Wittner, L.
    [Show full text]
  • Contemporary Threats to International Peace and Security
    CONTEMPORARY THREATS TO INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY Project Ploughshares’ 30th Anniversary Symposium, 9-10 November 2006 Contemporary Threats to International Peace and Security Project Ploughshares’ 30th Anniversary Symposium 9-10 November 2006 About this Publication On 9-10 November 2006, Project Ploughshares celebrated its 30th anniversary with a public lecture and a full- day symposium. The lecture on 9 November was co-sponsored by Project Ploughshares, the Centre for International Governance Innovation, and the Waterloo Region Branch of the Canadian Institute for International Affairs. The symposium on 10 November consisted of two consecutive morning sessions, followed by lunch and an address, and then two consecutive afternoon sessions. Edited versions of the various presentations are included in this volume. Acknowledgements Project Ploughshares gratefully acknowledges contributions from the following in support of our 30th anniversary events: The International Development Research Centre The Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada The Simons Foundation The Anglican Church of Canada The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada The Presbyterian Church in Canada The United Church of Canada The Jim and Lorna Blair Charitable Foundation Lloyd Martin The Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies, Conrad Grebel University College We also acknowledge with profound gratitude the support of national churches and church agencies, local congregations, religious orders, organizations, and thousands of individuals, as well the Government of Canada and national and international partner organizations, who have made our achievements over the past 30 years possible, and who ensure that the work of Project Ploughshares continues. We are particularly grateful to The Simons Foundation in Vancouver for its annual support.
    [Show full text]
  • H-Diplo ROUNDTABLE XXII-9
    H-Diplo ROUNDTABLE XXII-9 Randall Caroline Watson Forsberg. Toward A Theory of Peace: The Role of Moral Beliefs. Edited and with an introduction by Matthew Evangelista and Neta C. Crawford. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2020. ISBN: 9781501744358 (paperback, $19.95). 19 October 2020 | https://hdiplo.org/to/RT22-9 Editor: Diane Labrosse | Commissioning Editor and Chair: Matthew Evangelista | Production Editor: George Fujii Contents Introduction by Matthew Evangelista, Cornell University ..................................................................................................................... 2 Review by David Cortright, University of Notre Dame, Emeritus ...................................................................................................... 6 Review by Catherine Lutz, Brown University .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Review by J. Ann Tickner, American University ..................................................................................................................................... 12 H-Diplo Roundtable XXII-9 Introduction by Matthew Evangelista, Cornell University ong before her untimely death from cancer in 2007, Randy Forsberg had established her reputation in two parallel, but related domains: as peace activist and founder of the Nuclear Freeze campaign of the 1980s, and as a researcher of L military policy and arms control, first at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute,
    [Show full text]
  • David S. Meyer
    David S. Meyer Department of Sociology University of California-Irvine Irvine, California 92697-5100 (949) 824-1475; Fax: (949) 824-7637 email: [email protected] EDUCATION: Ph.D. 1988, Political Science (American Politics; Comparative Politics), Boston University. M.A. 1984, Political Science (Political Theory; American Politics), Boston University. B.A. 1980, Hampshire College, Concentration: Literature and Social Theory. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Faculty Positions: University of California-Irvine, Professor (2004- ) Associate Professor (1999-2004) Department of Sociology (1999- ) Department of Political Science (2002- ) Department of Planning, Policy, and Design (2004- ) CUNY, City College of New York and Graduate Center, Department of Political Science Associate Professor (1997-1999) Assistant Professor (1994-1996) Director, Rosenberg/Humphrey Program in Public Policy (1998-1999) University of Michigan, Department of Political Science Assistant Professor (Visiting) (1993-1994) Tufts University, Department of Urban and Environmental Policy Assistant Professor (Visiting) (1988-1993) Harvard University Extension School, Department of Government Adjunct Professor (1989-1993) PUBLICATIONS: Books: The Politics of Protest: Social Movements in America, New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. DSM, Valerie Jenness, and Helen Ingram, eds. Routing the Opposition: Social Movements, Public Policy, and Democracy in America, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2005. DSM, Nancy Whittier, and Belinda Robnett, eds., Social Movements: Identity, Culture, and the State, New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. DSM and Sidney Tarrow, eds., The Social Movement Society: Contentious Politics for a New Century, Lanham, Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield, 1998. David S. Meyer, page 2 Thomas R. Rochon and DSM, eds., Coalitions and Political Movements: The Lessons of the Nuclear Freeze, Boulder: Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1997.
    [Show full text]
  • Appeal from the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation to End the Nuclear Weapons Threat to Humanity (2003)………………………………………..……...26
    Relevant Appeals against War and for Nuclear Disarmament from Scientific Networks 1945- 2010 Reiner Braun/ Manuel Müller/ Magdalena Polakowski Russell-Einstein-Manifesto (1955)……………..…..1 The first Pugwash Conferenec (1957)………..……4 The Letter from Bertrand Russell to Joseph Rotblat (1956)………………………………..……...6 „Göttinger 18“ (1957)…………………………..…..8 Hiroshima Appeal (1959)………………………..…9 Linus Pauling (1961)…………………………..…..10 The Call to Halt the Nuclear Arms Race (1980)………………..…..11 The Göttingen Draft Treaty to Ban Space Weapons (1984)…………………………………………….....15 Appeal by American Scientists to Ban Space Weapons (1985)………………………………..…..16 The Hamburg Disarmament Proposals (1986)…………………………………………..…...17 Hans A. Bethe to Mr. President (1997)………..…18 Appeal from Scientists in Japan (1998)……….....20 U.S.Nobel laureates object to preventive attack on Iraq (2003)……………………………………...….25 Appeal from the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation to end the nuclear weapons threat to humanity (2003)………………………………………..……...26 Appeal to support an International Einstein Year (2004)……………………………………………….28 Scientists for a Nuclear Weapons Free World, INES (2009)…………………………..……………31 Milan Document on Nuclear Disarmament (2010)……………………..34 Russell-Einstein-Manifesto (1955) 1 Russell-Einstein-Manifesto (1955) In the tragic situation which confronts humanity, we feel that scientists should assemble in conference to appraise the perils that have arisen as a result of the development of weapons of mass destruction, and to discuss a resolution in the spirit of the appended draft. We are speaking on this occasion, not as members of this or that nation, continent, or creed, but as human beings, members of the species Man, whose continued existence is in doubt. The world is full of conflicts; and, overshadowing all minor conflicts, the titanic struggle between Communism and anti-Communism.
    [Show full text]
  • Proquest Dissertations
    'RANDOM MURDER BY TECHNOLOGY': THE ROLE OF SCIENTIFIC AND BIOMEDICAL EXPERTS IN THE ANTI-NUCLEAR MOVEMENT, 1969 - 1992 LISA A. RUMIEL A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN HISTORY YORK UNIVERSITY, TORONTO, ONTARIO AUGUST 2009 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawaONK1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-54104-3 Our file Notre r6f6rence ISBN: 978-0-494-54104-3 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non­ support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation.
    [Show full text]
  • PHS News Recommendations
    1 completed their deliberations and made their PHS News recommendations. I hope you will join me in thanking all the members of those July 2017 committees for the important work they have done so well. This includes: DeBenedetti Prize Committee: Rachel Newsletter of the Waltner Goossen (Chair), Andy Barbero, Peace History Society and Erika Kuhlman www.peacehistorysociety.org Scott Bills Prize Committee: Kevin Callahan (Chair), Chuck Howlett, and Elizabeth Agnew Elise Boulding Prize Committee: Mona Siegel (Chair), Michael Clinton, Doug Rossinow Lifetime Achievement Award Committee: Robbie Lieberman (Chair), Leilah Danielson, and Scott Bennett In 2015 I served on the Scott Bills Prize Committee and two of the things I took away from that experience were, first, the conscientiousness and hard work that the committee members put into their President’s Column considerations and second, the impressive array of work that is being done by many different scholars in furthering the study of peace. It gives me hope in a time when hope is sometimes hard to find. The prize winners will be announced at our fall conference in October. This brings me to more good work that members of the Society are doing. “Muted Voices: Conscience, Dissent, Resistance, and Civil Liberties in World War I through Today” will take place October 19-22, 2017 at the National World War I Museum and Memorial in Kansas City, Missouri. This promises to be a stimulating and enriching event that includes a musical performance, keynote addresses, paper presentations, and Deborah Buffton a memorial service remembering Although we are fully into summer, the Peace History Society continues to be Table of Contents – see page 3 busy with its work.
    [Show full text]
  • Antinuclear Politics, Atomic Culture, and Reagan Era Foreign Policy
    Selling the Second Cold War: Antinuclear Cultural Activism and Reagan Era Foreign Policy A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy William M. Knoblauch March 2012 © 2012 William M. Knoblauch. All Rights Reserved. 2 This dissertation titled Selling the Second Cold War: Antinuclear Cultural Activism and Reagan Era Foreign Policy by WILLIAM M. KNOBLAUCH has been approved for the Department of History and the College of Arts and Sciences by __________________________________ Chester J. Pach Associate Professor of History __________________________________ Howard Dewald Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 ABSTRACT KNOBLAUCH, WILLIAM M., Ph.D., March 2012, History Selling the Second Cold War: Antinuclear Cultural Activism and Reagan Era Foreign Policy Director of Dissertation: Chester J. Pach This dissertation examines how 1980s antinuclear activists utilized popular culture to criticize the Reagan administration’s arms buildup. The 1970s and the era of détente marked a decade-long nadir for American antinuclear activism. Ronald Reagan’s rise to the presidency in 1981 helped to usher in the “Second Cold War,” a period of reignited Cold War animosities that rekindled atomic anxiety. As the arms race escalated, antinuclear activism surged. Alongside grassroots movements, such as the nuclear freeze campaign, a unique group of antinuclear activists—including publishers, authors, directors, musicians, scientists, and celebrities—challenged Reagan’s military buildup in American mass media and popular culture. These activists included Fate of the Earth author Jonathan Schell, Day After director Nicholas Meyer, and “nuclear winter” scientific-spokesperson Carl Sagan.
    [Show full text]
  • Citizen Scientist: Frank Von Hippel's Adventures in Nuclear Arms Control
    JOURNAL FOR PEACE AND NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT https://doi.org/10.1080/25751654.2019.1698507 Citizen Scientist: Frank Von Hippel’s Adventures in Nuclear Arms Control PART 3. Working with Gorbachev’s Advisors to End the Nuclear Arms Race Frank Von Hippel and Tomoko Kurokawa ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Von Hippel describes his collaboration with a group advising Received 11 September 2019 Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, as they devised strategies, Accepted 26 November 2019 “ ” including glasnost (openness and transparency) to end the KEYWORDS nuclear arms race with the United States as part of a larger Gorbachev; Sakharov; effort to reform the Soviet Union and integrate it into the global nuclear test moratorium; economy. ballistic missile defense; space reactors Velikhov Revealed as a Gorbachev Advisor Tomoko Kurokawa (TK): General Secretary of the Communist Party and leader of the Soviet Union, Yuri Andropov, died in February 1984. He was succeeded by Konstantin Chernenko who died a year later in March 1985. Chernenko was succeeded by Mikhail Gorbachev. Frank von Hippel (FvH): And then we learned that Velikhov and Sagdeev were advising Gorbachev. TK: Until then you didn’t know that? FvH: We did not. We weren’t into Kremlinology and we had never heard of Gorbachev. We were brainstorming with a group of senior Soviet scientists about nuclear arms control and disarmament; we hoped they were influential but we didn’tknow. After Gorbachev took over, however, things started getting exciting. I believe the US nuclear-weapons freeze movement had an impact on Gorbachev. The Soviets had an image of the US as being run by the military- industrial complex.
    [Show full text]
  • Agenda for Disarmament António Guterres United Nations Secretary-General ISBN 978-92-1-142329-7 the Cover Depicts Orizuru, an Origami Paper Crane
    International security is at risk. “ Cold war tensions have returned. Global military spending is at its highest since the fall of the Berlin Wall. This is why I am launching SECURING OUR “my disarmament agenda, based COMMON FUTURE on concrete, practical actions. An Agenda for Disarmament António Guterres United Nations Secretary-General ISBN 978-92-1-142329-7 The cover depicts Orizuru, an origami paper crane. The Japanese legend has it that, if anyone folds a thousand paper cranes, his or her wish will be granted by the gods. Sadako Sasaki was two years old when an atomic bomb fell on Hiroshima in 1945. She was caught in black rain and developed leukaemia 10 years later. At her hospital bed, Sadako was folding over a thousand cranes, praying for her recovery. She died at the age of 12, but her story of folding thousands of cranes spread around the world. Origami cranes have become symbols of peace. The paper crane on the cover was attached to a peace tapestry created by students and teachers from Nutley High School in New Jersey, United States of America, who came to the United Nations Headquarters in observance of United Nations Day on 24 October 2017. Photo credits: Cover: UN Photo/Cia Park Foreword: UN Photo/Evan Schneider SECURING OUR COMMON FUTURE An Agenda for Disarmament Office for Disarmament Affairs New York, 2018 United Nations Electronically available in PDF and e-book formats from www.un.org/disarmament/sg-agenda United Nations Publication Sales No. E.18.IX.6 ISBN 978-92-1-142329-7 eISBN 978-92-1-047209-8 Copyright © 2018
    [Show full text]
  • The History and Memory of 'Women Strike for Peace', 1961-1990
    Northumbria Research Link Citation: Coburn, Jon (2015) Making a Difference: The History and Memory of ‘Women Strike for Peace’, 1961-1990. Doctoral thesis, Northumbria University. This version was downloaded from Northumbria Research Link: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/30339/ Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University’s research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.html Making a Difference: The History and Memory of ‘Women Strike for Peace’, 1961-1990 Jon Coburn PhD 2015 Making a Difference: The History and Memory of ‘Women Strike for Peace’, 1961-1990 Jon Coburn A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Northumbria at Newcastle for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Research undertaken in the Faculty of Arts, Design and Social Sciences December 2015 Abstract The women’s antinuclear protest group Women Strike for Peace (WSP) formed a visible part of the US peace movement during the Cold War, recording several successes and receiving a positive historical assessment for its maternal, respectable image.
    [Show full text]
  • The Historical Origins of the American Peace Test
    UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations 1-1-1990 The historical origins of the American Peace Test David Leon Mann University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/rtds Repository Citation Mann, David Leon, "The historical origins of the American Peace Test" (1990). UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations. 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.25669/jixe-2kyy This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]