10348 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD- HOUSE June ~ 9

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

Anyone who feels that I may be overstat­ From the things which have been done to Grave Threat to Textile Industry ing this situation need only look at the pub­ the industry in the name of global goodness, lished figures of American textile companies, it is no exaggeration to conclude that it is EXTENSION OF REMARKS including Avondale. Our cotton cost is 50 the actual, if not officially expressed, policy OF percent of our selling price, on the average. of the Government of the United States that This would be somewhat higher in our coarse the American textile industry is expendable HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE yarn mills and somewhat lower in a mill like and should be forced to help finance its own OF GEORGIA Birmingham. An 8-cent subsidy on cotton liquidation. is equal to 25. percent of the cotton cost. Fortunately, this plight has received recog­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES With cotton being 50 percent of the selling nition in a study recently completed by a Tuesday, June 9, 1959 price and with the foreigner having a 25-per­ special subcommittee of the Senate Com­ cent advantage in the cost of his cotton, it mittee on Ip.terstate and Foreign Commerce Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, the .doesn't take a mathematical expert to figure which, in' its report, recommended a 10-point trade and. foreign aid policies of the that the foreigner can have a 12%-percent program of help and relief for the textile United States with respect to the subsi­ lower selling price than the domestic mill. industry. Essentially, its recommendations dized exportation of .raw cotton and the The advantage · he has in respect to his entail more stringent import quotas, . faster indiscriminate importation of finished lower wage rates is an additional advantage. relief action under the Trade Agreements textile goods are jeopardizing the contin­ The tariffs, which are based on the value in Acts, a better tax break particularly as re­ the exporting country, have been watered gards depreciation and elimination of the ued existence of the American textile two-price system on American cotton. industry and threatening the jobs of the down to a point where they are hardly worth talking about. What little tariff is left It is my resolute conviction that the country's 1,919,200 textile workers. doesn't come anywhere close to offsetting the American textile industry, as well as all other Under present procedures foreign wage advantage, so the cotton subsidy will be domestic industries, has a right not only to countries can buy surplus American cot­ a net advantage to the foreign mill. expect but also to demand that both Con­ ton with borrowed American dollars 20 This subsidy to the foreign mill is being gress and the executive branch by statute percent cheaper than it sells in this paid for by the American taxpayer, including and policy give it and the jobs of its workers country and, taking advantage of wage those of us who look to the textile industry effective protection from unfair foreign com­ rates which in many instances are one­ for our livelihood. To permit goods made petition. For the sake of the one out of from this subsidized cotton to come back into every three Georgians employed by the tex­ tenth or less of the American legal mini­ tile industry, it is my hope that Congress mum and of virtually nonexistent tariff this country and take our markets is so com­ pletely unfair and unreasonable that we have will act to give it relief and protection at barriers, undersell comparable American difficulty getting our fellow citizens to be­ this session. · textile products on the American mar­ lieve that the situation exists. Surely on kets. This situation will be materially August 31, when the subsidy is to be sub­ worsened on August 31 when the export stantially increased, limitations will be Senator Johnson's Tribute to Three subsidy on cotton will be increased to placed on how much can come back in. If 8 cents per pound. this is not done, it will not only wreck our Maryland Congressmen A special subcommittee of the Senate industry but in the long run will defeat the Committee on Interstate and Foreign purpose of the cotton subsidy, which is to EXTENSION OF REMARKS reduce the surplus of raw cotton in the OF Commerce recently made an exhaustive United States. Obviously, no reduction in study of the problem and, in an excel­ raw cotton surplus will take place if the sub­ HON. VICTOR L. ANFUSO lent report, recommended a 10-point sidized cotton exports are permitted to dis­ program of help and relief for the tex­ place bales of cotton which would otherwise OF NEW YORK tile industry. It is my earnest hope that be used in American mills. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congress will take affirmative action on Tuesday, June 9, 1959 these proposals before the close of this HERMAN TALMADGE REPORTS FROM WASH­ 1st session of the 86th Congress. INGTON Mr. ANFUSO. Mr. Speaker, the distin­ The grave threat posed to the Ameri­ No other industry in the history of the guished majority leader of the Senate, can textile industry has been graphi­ world ever has been forced to compete for the Honorable LYNDON B. JOHNSON, has cally described in a recent statement by its existence under handicaps like those im­ just paid a most deserving and excel­ Hon. J. Craig Smith, president of Avon­ posed on the American textile industry by lent tribute to three of our colleagues this country's trade and foreign aid policies. from this House, who are Democratic dale Mills. I also treated on it in my As the result of those policies, the indus­ weekly column of May 20. try's overseas competitors have the stagger­ Representatives from Baltimore, Md. I ask unanimous consent that Mr. ing advantages of being able to get their They are the Honorable GEORGE H. FAL­ Smith's statement and my column of capital from the U.S. Treasury in the form LON, dean of the Maryland delegation; May 20 be printed in the REcoRD. of foreign aid grants and loans, to buy the Honorable EDWARD A. GARMATZ; and There being no objection, the state­ American surplus cotton with borrowed the Honorable SAMUEL N. FRIEDEL. American dollars 20 percent cheaper than it This tribute was paid them at a testi­ ments were ordered to be printed in the sells in this country, to sell their finished RECORD, as follows: monial dinner in their honor at the Lord products back to the American Government Baltimore Hotel in Baltimore, Sunday AUGUST 31, 1959, WILL BE A CRUCIAL DATE FOR through so-called three-way deals under the OUR INDUSTRY foreign aid program, to learn American evening, June 7, 1959. I had the distinct pleasure and privilege to attend this din­ (By J. Craig Smith, president, Avondale Mills, trade secrets and production know-how Sylacauga, Ala.) merely by asking, and, because American ner and to participate in the tribute to tariffs and quotas have been reduced so our colleagues, who have distinguished On August 31, 1959, the export subsidy on drastically, to undersell comparable Amer­ themselves in their public service to the American cotton will be increased to 8 cents ican products on the American markets. per pound. The American cotton mill then people of Maryland and to the Nation as Those advantages are compounded by the a whole. will be in a completely unbearable situation facts that wage scales in many of the com­ unless at the same time there are definite peting countries, particularly in the Far I was particularly impressed by Sen­ limits placed on how much of this cotton can East, are one-tenth or less of the American ator JoHNSON's address in which he also come back into the United States in the form legal minimum and that there are no bars discussed the role of the Democratic of yarn, cloth, and garments. in those countries to the imposition of Party in Congress and in providing lead­ Up to now, the principal reason our for­ working conditions which would be illegal ership to the Nation. Senator JoHNSON eign competitors have been able to sell in here in the United States. himself is setting a fine example of dis­ this market is because of their very much It is small wonder in the light of those tinguished leadership and in building up lower wage rates. The products which have facts that the American textile industry has a constructive record of achievements by come in were those which had a high percent lost markets equivalent to 10 percent of the of labor in their total cost, such as fine national production and that, since 1947, the 86th Congress which we can proudly combed goods and garments. With an s­ 717 textile mills have closed their doors and present to the people in due time. · cent cotton subsidy, the foreign mill will be 345,000 textile jobs have been discontinued. In my book Senator JOHNSON is an able able to ship heavy goods such as sheeting and It is a tribute to the vitality of the industry leader and a great humanitarian. He is denim into the United States based solely on that its losses have been contaimid within a man who loves peace, but at the same · the saving they wm have in their cotton cost. those bounds. time he is a firm believer in adequate 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 10349 military preparedness and in maintain­ I also want to express my appreciation to It is that there is something more to poli­ ing the proper defense posture for our Congressman ToM JoHNSON, Congressman tics other than being elected. The real ob­ country. As such, he is one leader upon DAN BREWSTER, and my dear- friend, Con­ jective is not to win public office but to serve whom the free world can depend for its gressman -vicToR ANFUSO. Congressman AN­ the public after the election is over. FUSO is one of the finest men in Washing­ CHOICE OF THE PEOPLE future security and peace in troubled ton. He is a very inspiring member of the times. House Aeronautical and Space Committee. There is a legitimate place for partisanship In his thinking for social and humani­ I see that former Solicitor General Perl­ in the life of our Nation. The American tarian legislation, Senator JoHNSON be­ man is in the audience. As all of you know, people must have a choice. longs not only to Texas but to the en­ he was named to this important position by Partisans have not only a right but an ob­ my good friend, .and fellow Texan, the Hon­ ligation to present their views to the people tire country. He is a man who has a wide orable Tom Clark. vigorously and forcefully. But after the peo­ reputation for fostering unity. He is In this audience, there are many more ple have spoken, there is another obligation equally known for opposing divisive is­ leaders of your State. Your distinguished which falls upon the shoulders of those who sues or perpetuating conflicts which can new comptroller, Louis Goldstein, your seek office. only weaken us and cause irreparable president of the Maryland Senate, George It is to accept the verdict of the voters damage to the Nation. Della, and your new president of your city gracefully-and then to go ahead and try to Mr. Speaker, under leave to extend my council, Philip Goodman, are also here to­ make our Government work. After all, it is night. our Government as Americans no matter remarks, I wish to insert into the RECO.RD I have been advised that your junior Sena­ which party runs it-Republican or Demo­ the address by Senator JoHNSON, which tor, GLENN BEALL, was at the airport to meet cratic. is as follows: me. Unfortunately, I was late and he had Like me, the three men we honor tonight .ADDRESS BY SENATE DEMOCRATIC LEADER LYN­ another engagement. have been in both the majortiy and the DON B. JoHNSON TEsTIMONIAL DINNER, LORD To all of you, I am very appreciative for minority. I do not believe that any of us BALTIMORE HOTEL, BALTIMORE, MD., JUNE 7, the opportunity to be here with you tonight. have ever rejoiced over the failure of a Pres­ 1959 I have begun by mentioning these men be­ ident or a Congress because the President or A RESPONSIBLE RECORD cause I wanted to place the three we honor the Congress belonged to an opposing polit­ Mr. Chairman, honored guests, friends, tonight against their proper background. ical party. It is a simple thing to honor ordinary men As a Democrat, I believe the Democratic fellow Americans, .we are here tonight for Party is best qualified to run our country. one of the most important ceremonies in in a land where everyone else is mediocre. In the land of the blind, the one-eyed man I did not adopt my political allegiances America. lightly or simply out of habit. We have gathered to pay tribute to three is king. public servants-three men who have de­ But in the State of Tydings, O'Conor, A PARTY OF_VISION voted their talents to serving their country. Tawes, Grady, and D'Alesandro, men who are The Democratic Party, to my way of It so happens that those three men are selected for honor must be extraordinary. thinking, is a party of broad vision and Democrats and I am a Democrat. All four And that is what you have done tonight. progressive outlook. It brings together the of us bear that label proudly. Baltimore has three beloved sons: GEORGE people of the North, the South, the East, But I do not consider this a partisan meet­ H. FALLON, SAMUEL N. FRIEDEL, EDWARD A. and the West for effective action to solve ing. It is a gathering of the citizens of one GARMATZ. the Nation's problems. of our greatest cities to tell the three men FIFTY-SIX YEARS OF SERVICE But when the voters, in their wisdom, who represent that city that they are appre­ Between them, they represent 56 years of select a Republican President, I want that ciated and their work has not been in vain. public service. I would like to recite the President to succeed in making our Nation There is a special significance in holding record tonight-not because it is unknown strong. And when he does succeed, he will this meeting in Maryland. This is a State to you but because I would like to place it have my cooperation every step of the way. which has a tradition of public service-a in writing for all to read who care to know Again speaking as a Democrat, I am very history of men of achievement and states­ the facts. proud of the fact that three successive Dem­ manship. GEORGE H. FALLON, dean of the Maryland ocratic Congresses have gone more than half TWO GREAT SENATORS delegation· and the "Mr. Rbads" of Congress. way to cooperate with a Republican Presi­ I have served in Congress with two of your GEORGE FALLON can be proud of many dent. greatest Senators. One was Millard E. things. Probably he himself would list first There may have been a temptation to Tydings. The other was Herbert O'Conor. his wife, his daughter, and his two grand­ snipe and harass; to tear down and obstruct. In Millard Tydings, Maryland produced one children-Johnnie and Stevie. But it was a temptation which was sternly of the truly fearless men I have known. The citizens of Baltimore would probably set aside. His shoulders were always back, his back was add to the list the channel for Baltimore When the President advanced proposals always straight, and his chin was always up. Harbor, the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, with which we agreed, we accepted them. And he always walked into battle for the and the harbor pollution bill. CONSTRUCTIVE ALTERNATIVE principles he believed were right with the His colleagues in Congress would add to When the President advanced proposals same courage that he walked into enemy fire the list the Federal Aid Highway Act. Be­ with which we disagreed, we either modified during war. cause of GEORGE FALLON, the time is not too them or presented constructive alternatives. In Herbert O'Conor, Maryland produced a far distant when people will be able to travel Men like FALLON, FRIEDEL, and GARMATZ Senator who had few equals. He was quiet. from coast to coast-not only in comfort were determined to make their Government He was modest. And he was effective in ad­ but in safety without a stoplight or a traffic work. And it has worked despite the divi­ vancing the interests of the people in whom sign. sion between a Republican President and he believed and who believed in him. SAMUEL N. FRIEDEL, the only man Who has a Democratic Congress. And Herbert O'Conor can walk onto the ever represented the Seventh Congressional The Democratic Congress has no-t at­ floor of the Senate today and receive the District. tempted to sabotage the Republican Presi­ same respect and deference that he did back SAM FRIEDEL is a man who has fought the dent-and then chortled gleefully over the in the days when he had a vote and the right good fight for John Doe, citizen. He has tried results. to make a speech. to equalize the tax burden; to improve the There are two theories of politics in this These qualities are characteristic of Mary­ social security system; to liberalize the Rail­ country. land Democrats. road Retirement Act. One is that the way to win elections is to THE ART OF UNITING He is a prudent man-a careful man-who run against something-to prove that the You have a Governor-J. Millard Tawes­ realizes that a nation can advance without opposition is motivated by bad faith. spending itself wild. And day after day, his who has mastered the art of uniting men The other th;eory is that the way to win to resolve issues. This is because he fol­ work becomes more effective and his voice stronger in the Halls of Congress. elections is to run on a record of construc­ lows the rule of doing what is right-not tive achievement. just what is expedient. EDWARD A. GARMATZ, who is as much a part And the second theory is the one that has You have a dynamic and energetic new of your city as Baltimore Harbor itself. been followed by your Congressmen and mayor-Harold Grady-who brings together This is a man who has never forgotten the their colleagues in the Democratic Con­ people from all walks of life-simply be­ people who trusted him so much that they gress. sent him to Congress to transact their busi­ cause he is trying to advance the interests The first theory is one which Democrats of his city. ness. He has stood consistently for those he represents-so much so that he is known, and have left to others-and I am sorry to say And you have a former mayor-Thomas that it is being practiced. D' Alesandro-who has served in the legis­ will always be known, as labor's friend. lative branch of three levels of govern­ And I am proud to call him my friend. A DANGEROUS THEORY ment and won friends in all three. I have not reviewed these records tonight It is a dangerous theory, because it leads I want to thank your senior Senator, merely to pay tribute to three loyal, hard­ those who embrace it to take a further step. JoHN BuTLER, for the courtesy he has ex­ working Americans. I have called the roll It is that unless they control an institution tended me by his presence here this eve­ because I believe your Congressmen illustrate of government, they will not let that insti­ ning. a point that is important to our people. tution work. 10350 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE June 9 We are going to have a practical test of the exploded in :flames. The Associated rect in pointing out the contrast between two theories of politics- before very long. Press ticker ·said 32' other farmworkers the conditions of agricultural workers and The record of this Congress. as of the pre­ ·were injured in the crash, some of theni the standards achieved by a majority of vious two Congresses, will be constructive. seriously. workers in other kinds of employment. He It will be a record of highway~, of houses, has expressed the opinion that the con­ of health legislation, of steps to protect our This gruesome story is, indeed, a sad science o! the American people will not much working men · and women, of · moves to · exclamation point to the need. set forth longer permit so large a body of workers as strengthen the freedoms and the rights of in the Congressmen's and Senators' those in agriculture-between 1 Y2 and 2 our people, of care for the needs of our farm­ statement-a need for treatment of million workers-to remain at such low levels ers, of prudence in the Nation's fiscal affairs, these farmworkers as human beings, of pay and to live under- such bad housing, of attention to the economic needs of our with at least some degree of decency and health, educational, transportation and other people, of efforts to strengthen our country's human dignity. It is long past time conditions. position in foreign affairs. We believe the issue also involves the di­ And those who seek to run against this for our Government to eliminate the rection that agriculture is taking in this record had better offer the voters something disgraceful transportation, living, and country. The proposed regulations o! the besides partisan slogans shout.ed hastily into educational conditions characterizing Secretary of Labor are directed at large scale a microphone on a Tuesday morning. employment of these workers and their commercial farms which comprise less than SABOTAGE OF GOVERNMENT families by the large-scale, corporate 5 percent of the farms of the Nation and which largely rely on interstate and foreign . The American people do not take kindly to growers of our Nation. These condi­ sabotage of their Government. -tions proVide the most· effective propa­ .recruitment of labOr. The regulations wm· I came here tonight with a feeling of deep ganda possible for the Communists and not apply to the typical fam~ly farm, and pride. I came because I wanted to help in defame our form of society: _the hired. man of the family type farm is not honoring three men who believe·that a pub­ included in the program. This proposal is '[Froni the Washington Post and Times Her­ crucial in the competition between the ·Iic· office is an opportunity for public service, . ald, June 9, 1959] · ·and who have translated their beliefs into family type farmers and 'the large-scale, cor­ 'SIXTEEN FARMWORKERS DIE IN BLAZING BUS -action. porate growers. Evidence seems to us And when the final record is written, Bal­ PHOENIX, ARIZ., June 8.-Sixteen Mexican substantial that family type farmers timore will be able to take great pride in the farm laborers were burned to death today are losing out in this competition partly be­ .contributions of its three able men-FALLON, when a heavily loaded makeshift bus cause the big operators are exploiting agri:­ FRIEDEL, and GARMATZ. ·smashed into a tree and exploded in flames. cultural workers in their wages and other Thirty-two others were injured, three criti­ working and living conditions. cally. It is likewise pertinent to note that up­ Those killed had been asleep on the floor ward of half a million Mexican and other or were trapped near the front of the bus­ foreign workers are imported annually as Conditions Among Farmworkers a converted truck with canvas sides and top migrant farmworkers while millions of our and no windows. Witnesses said the bus domestic workers are unemployed. The gen­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS exploded like a clap of thunder. erally low wages and working conditions of OF Flames immediately engulfed the vehicle the imported workers tends to depress the as the laborers fought to reach safety standards of the domestic workers. HON. JOHN W. McCORMACK through a single rear door partly blocked The sorry plight of our country's agricul­ by suitcases and a water barrel. OF MASSACHUSETTS tural workers and the meager living stand­ . The driver, Nato Manuel Gloria, Jr., told ards of m111ions of our small farmers are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the highway patrol he dozed at the wheel. problems demanding solution for the eco­ Tuesday, June 9, 1959 Gloria, injured slightly, said he had planned nomic and social welfare of our Nation. The to stop at a service station just 100 yards _increased purchasing power of this large Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, in ahead and turn the driving over to his segment of our population would obviously my insertion, I include a statement on assistant. be an important stimulus to the Nation's the problem of farmworkers which was One of the seriously injured said the men economy. With their families these agri­ transmitted last Saturday to. Secretary in the front of the bus "fought like ani- cultural workers combine with the small of Labor James P. Mitchell, with a copy mals" to getout. · farmers to number in the neighborhood of 20 million people. to Attorney General William P. Rogers. PUBLIC HEARINGS ON FARMWORKERS Twenty-one Members of the House We believe the Secretary of Labor acted Secretary of Labor James P . Mitchell has within the authority delegated by Congress signed the statement and 13 Members proposed new regulations of employment on in promulgating the new regulations. Di­ of the Senate. larger farms for consideration. Mr. Mitchell rectives similar to this have been in force It describes conditions among farm­ has also announced public hearings in for several years. Further, the Department workers as "one of the most serious Washington and other places during the of Labor officials have proceeded properly economic and human problems in our summer at which all interested parties will under the Administrative Procedures Act in be given an opportunity to state their views. Nation." The statement deplores the this matter. The Department has ~ent out "intensive pressure" campaign being We commend the Secretary of Labor for copies of the proposed regulations to the having taken these steps to deal with one concerned parties and solicited their views conducted on Members of Congress to of the most serious economic and human induce them to help prevent Secretary and recommendations. Officials of the De­ problems in our Nation. p artment of Labor are holding conferences Mitchell from issuing "moderate" re­ Unfortunately, the moderate regulations with various governmental and semigovern­ form regulations for improvement of which the Secretary has proposed have met mental groups in States where farm labor is conditions of farmworkers and to block with strong resistance from some of the most extensively used. At these public hear­ public hearings planned by the Secre­ groups involved. Intensive pressure is being ings all interested parties will be given an tary at which all parties concerned will applied to have the regulations withdrawn opportunity to testify. We think this pro­ and even to prevent the holding of the be invited to give their views on the public hearings. Spokesmen for the big cedure is in the best tradition of the Ameri­ proposed regulations. f arm operators have initiated a letter, tele­ can democratic way of achieving a f air de­ While the statement describes the gram and telephone campaign to persuade cision. We regret the campaign now being new regulations as "more moderate than Senators and Congressmen to oppose the carried on to prevent this democratic are called for by the evidence of the regulations and the public hearings. A call­ process. tragic conditions of the great majority to-action h as been sent out by Mr. William We commend the National Advisory Com­ H. Tolbert, legislative chairman of the Na­ mittee on Farm Labor, composed of religious, of farm laborers and their families," it educational and civic leaders, for once commends the Secretary, nevertheless, tional Farm Labor Users Conference, who stated to members of the organization: "It again directing public attention to the con­ for proposing these slight improvements. seems the regulations indicate their own ditions of farm laborers. That committee Mr. Speaker, I also include in my course of action that you should take. That includes such prominent citizens as the for­ statement a terrible story about farm­ is, do anything you can, anywhere, to stop mer President of the University of North workers from today's Washington Post. them and to prevent the issuance of them Carolina, ex-Senator Frank P. Graham, Arch­ Under a three-column headline, "Six­ and the holding of the public hearings." bishop Robert E. Lucey, Mrs. Franklin D. teen Farmworkers Die in Blazing We believe it necessary, under these cir­ Roosevelt, and President Clark Kerr of the cumstances, to review the facts and to indi­ University of California. The recent public Bus," this Associated Press story from cate the purpose and the need for the new hearings, conducted by the committee here Phoenix, Ariz., describes the tragic burn­ regulations and the public hearings. in the Nation's Capital, supplied ample evi­ ing to death of these workers in "a The fundamental issue is the responsibil­ dence for the need of new regulations of the makeshift bus, with canvas sides and top ity· of our Government to protect the basic employment of farm laborers. and no windows" and only one rear rights of a long neglected group of citizens. The new regulations are, in our judgment, exit, when it crashed into a tree and We think Secret ary of Labor Mitchell is cor- more moderate than are called for by the evi- 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE l0351 dence of the tragic conditions of the great readily. made available to me but also In fact, the Board is constantly review­ majority of farm laborers and their families. with the strong sense of interest and re­ ing all of its activities for the purpose of Nevertheless, we feel the proposed regula­ sponsibility they take in administering operating at the lowest possible cost. tions of the Secretary of Labor are steps in the right direction and that they merit the the provisions of both the Railroad Re­ For example, we are getting an excel­ support of thoughtful citizens everywhere, tirement and Railroad Unemployment lent demonstration of the efficient man­ including Members of Congress. Acts. ner in which the Board has consistently We strongly urge a renewed concern for As you know, the Board is composed performed by the way in which it is now the working and living conditions of of three members appointed by the Presi­ handling the recent amendments to the domestic farm labor, particularly of the mi­ dent, by and with the consent of the Sen­ acts. The bill was signed by the Pres­ grant workers. We think that the an­ ate-one upon the recommendation of ident on May 19, 1959, and the increases nounced public hearings of this summer are representatives of employees, one upon an essential step to an understanding of this under the Railroad Retirement Act be­ problem and a prelude to long overdue the recommendation of representatives came effective on June 1, 1959. This action. of carriers, and one, the Chairman, with­ meant that the increases were actually Signed by the following Senators: JOHN A. out recommendation by either employees due and payable for the month of June CARROLL, Of Colorado; JOSEPH S. CLARK, Of or carriers. to the approximately 743,000 persons on Pennsylvania; THOMAS J. DODD, of Con­ The headquarters of the Board is lo­ the Board's retirement and survivor ben­ necticut; PAUL H. DouGLAS, of Illinois; cated in Chicago, Ill. There are seven efit rolls. Virtually all of these increases VANCE HARTKE, of Indiana; HUBERT H. regional offices and about 100 field of~ will be reflected in the checks, prepared HUMPHREY, of Minnesota; EUGENE J. Mc­ fices in localities accessible to large num­ CARTHY, of Minnesota; PAT McNAMARA of by Board personnel in Chicago, dated Michigan; WAYNE MoRsE, of Oregon; JAMES bers of railroad workers. The organiza­ and mailed for July 1 delivery. E. MURRAY, of Montana; RICHARD L. NEu­ tion of the Board is so designed as to Under the amendments to the Rail­ BERGER, Of Oregon; WILLIAM PROXMIRE, Of integrate the administration of the two road Unemployment Insurance Act, ap­ Wisconsin; HARRISON A. WILLIAMS, JR., of laws without duplicating facilities or proximately 450,000 employees are due New Jersey; STEPHEN M. YouNG, of Ohio. operations. to get retroactive benefits for unemploy­ Signed by the following Representatives: The scope of the Board's operations ment and sickness in 1958-59 and the THOMAS L. ASHLEY, of Ohio; CLEVELAND M. has increased steadily, highmarked here last half of 1957-58. This, in itself, is a BAILEY, of West Virginia; JoHN A. BLATNIK, of Minnesota; RICHARD BOLLING, of Missouri; and there by the effects of important gigantic job; the Board has already set CHESTER BOWLES, of Connecticut; EMANUEL amendments, and to a lesser yet signifi­ up the machinery with which to expedite CELLER, of New York; MERWIN CoAD, of Iowa; cant extent, by economic conditions, par­ the handling of these retroactive pay­ FRANK M. COFFIN, of Maine; JEFFERY COHE­ ticularly in the railroad industry. The ments. As a matter of fact, some 3,000 LAN, of California; JOHN D. DINGELL, of Mich­ operations carried on by the Board com­ current beneficiaries are already receiv­ igan; DANIEL J. FLooD, of Pennsylvania; prise the second largest governmental ing checks at the higher rates set by the EDITH GREEN, Of Oregon; BYRON L. JOHNSON, system of social insurance in the United amendments. of Colorado; JoHN W. McCORMACK, of Mas­ States and the only Federal system de­ The efforts which the Board is making sachusetts; LEE METCALF, Of Montana; CLEM MILLER, of California; JAMES G. O'HARA, signed to serve the employees of a single to administer its programs efficiently Of Michigan; . CHARLES 0. PORTER, of industry. and economically and to render the Oregon; BYRON G. ROGERS, of Colorado; Mr. Speaker, it is of interest to observe maximum possible service to the millions JAMES ROOSEVELT, Of California; FRANK that in 1958 the Board paid out more of people in the railroad industry and THOMPSON, Jr., of New Jersey; ROY W. WIER, than a billion dollars in retirement, sur­ their families are certainly appreciated, of Minnesota. vivor, unemployment and sickness bene­ and it is my great pleasure to pay this fits. Of the amount paid out in 1958, well-deserved tribute to the members benefit payments under the Railroad Re­ and employees of the Board for their tirement Act came to $745 million, with record of achievement. Officers and _Employees of the Railroad $571 million going to 526,000 retired em­ Mr. Speaker, in concluding this trib­ Retirement Board Are To Be Com­ ployees and their wives and $174 million ute to the Railroad Retirement Board being paid to 296,000 survivors of de­ and its competent staff, I wish to com­ mended for the Efficient Administering ceased employees. At the end of 1958, mend particularly the officials and em­ at a Minimum Cost of the Railroad Re­ some 725,000 persons were receiving ployees who during my congressional tirement and Railroad Unemployment monthly retirement or survivor benefits. career have rendered at all times the Under the Railroad Unemployment finest assistance possible when ealled Insurance Acts Insurance Act, benefit payments in 1958 upon for information and service. totaled over $280 millio:a, with $228 mil­ This group includes Mr. Frank Mc­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS lion in unemployment benefits being paid Kenna, chief executive officer of the OF to 350,000 employees and about $52 mil­ Railroad Retirement Board, and Mr. lion going to 155,000 who were sick. Robert H. LaMotte, director of retire­ HON. JAMES E. VAN ZANDT Despite the expanding workload and ment claims, both in the Chicago office; OF PENNSYLVANIA the complexities introduced into its oper­ Mr. J. E. Walsh, Washington liaison IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESEN:I'ATIVES ations over the years through legislation, officer; Mr. Patrick F. Murphy, regional the Board has maintained maximum effi­ Tuesday, June 9, 1959 director of the Cleveland, Ohio, regional ciency and economy in its operations. office; and Mr. Charles F. Spearing, dis­ Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Speaker, as At the present time, the number on its trict manager of the Altoona, Pa., dis­ many of you know, my congressional payroll is about 2,400. trict office. district on a percentage basis has the The ratio of administrative expenses largest active and retired railroad pop­ to benefit payments has been steadily ulation in the Nation. The economic decreasing through the years and has security of these people is safeguarded now reached a very low point. In 1957- Labor-Management Reform Legislation in large measure by the Railroad Re­ 58, under the railroad. retirement sys­ tirement and Unemployment Insurance tem, it cost slightly more than 1 cent to EXTENSION OF REMARKS Acts. Therefore, in servinc this large pay $1 in benefits. OF railroad population I have found it nec­ Under the unemployment insurance essary during my congressional career system during the same period, admin­ HON. ALVIN M. BENTLEY in seeking information and assistance to istrative costs came to about 4 cents per OF MICHIGAN call upon the Railroad Retirement dollar in benefits; the cost here includ­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPB.ESENTATIVES Board, which, as you know, administers ing those for operating a free placement these acts. service for unemployed railroad workers. Tuesday~ June 9, 1959 As a result of my frequent contacts I think it is quite evident that the Mr. BENTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I fm.. with the officials and staff members of Railroad Retirement Board has achieved agine that there is no more controver­ the Railroad Retirement Board and in a high degree of efficiency and economy sial or emotional issue now being dis­ visits to its headquarters in Chicago, I in its operations. Notwithstanding the cussed throughout the country than·the have been deeply impressed not only with progress it has made, the Board is not question of labor legislation at the pres­ the way the information requested was content to rest on its past achievements. ent time. Speaking personally, I am 10352 :·cONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE June 9 -sure that I have received more cor­ Another section of my bill provides that petition. This Labor Commission would not respondence on this issue than any other -all duly .nomlriated candidates for union be required to wait for an adversary pro­ single important matter now pending ·omces shall be given a reasonable opportu­ -ceeding as the National Labor Relations ..nity to present their views to the membership Board is. ·before the Congress. by the· use of union-sponsored publica.- The Federal Labor Commission could in­ With the idea of presenting my own ' tions. A candidate would have little possi- vestigate these charges, make findings of views on this subject, I desire to include, b111ty of defeating an incumbent unless he fact and conclusions of law, and subject to under leave to extend and revise my re­ has an opportunity to use the same means , appeal, issue cease and desist orders. The marks, a copy of my testimony before of publicity available to the incumbent. Commission would be made up of five mem­ -the subcommittee on Labor Manage­ Candidates must have this opportunity to . bers, each appointed by the President, with criticize the officeholder and to present their ·the consent of the Senate, and they would ment Reform Legislation of the Com­ programs. serve for a 7-year term. mittee on Education and Labor which I The blll also provides that any person who I have received much correspondence in presented on June 4, 1959-. I am also tries to prevent a union member from exer­ regard to the overall labor problem. In the including herewith the text of two news­ cising the rights provided in the bill will be past few weeks it has been centered on the paper articles, from the Saginaw News subject to a $10,000 fine or 5 years in prison recently passed Kennedy-Ervin bill. Com­ of June 4 and one from the Detroit Free or both. The National Labor Relations ments from my constituents on this bill have Press of June 5, in comment on my testi­ Board is also given the authority to keep ranged from "The Kennedy-Ervin labor bill mony and the question and answer secret the names of the petitioners for a is another step to repeal the Taft-Hartley supervised union election. Supervision of Act and to offer our employees to the union," period which followed: · some elections may also be transferred to to "It is labor reform legislation that will STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN ALVIN M. BENT- State agencies which are willing to assume not reform." LE.Y BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON LABOR­ the duty. I feel the workingman is entitled Some views of constituents as to what they MANAGEMENT REFORM LEGISLATION OF THE to the protection of H.R. 1103. feel should be done are as follows: "Labor COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND LABOR, JUNE Another labor reform bill I have intro­ legislation should have such end results that 4, 1959 duc-ed is H.R. 6455, which provides for the labor leaders will have the same rights and It is a pleasure to appear before this sub­ establishment of a . temporary Commission privileges as we other citizens, and no more"; committee. to investigate the economic power of labor "Congress has a very definite responsibility I feel we have reached a point in this unions. This Commission would have the to enact remedial legislation which will pro­ country when it is of necessity that we take authority to prevent a union from becoming tect and preserve the rights of the citizens of positive steps to protect the welfare of the so big that it would have a detrimental this Nation against abuse and exploitation American worker and also to curb the pres­ effect on the Nation's economy. by unscrupulous and, in many instances, ent abuses in labor-management relations. This Federal Labor Commission would crooked and criminal labor bosses. Proper I feel the subcommittee should be inter­ study and investigate the present organiza­ legislation will benefit honest, sincere labor ested in the results of my annual question­ tion and methods of operation of national 'leaders and unions"; "reform legislation naire I sent to my district. Of over 9,300 and international labor unions, with par­ must strike a blow at the enslavement and answers to the question, "Do you believe ticular reference. to the existence and growth -persecution of the rank-and-file union men organized labor is becoming too powerful?" of monopolistic tendencies and practices, and penalize the corrupt leaders who grow over 81 percent, made up of all occupations, industrywide bargaining, and inequities in fat on their misery and yet legally escape felt that it was. What makes this figure the balance of power between employers and punishment for their crimes." even more representative of true feeling is unions. The Commission would determine The Kennedy-Ervin bill does not contain the fact that a further breakdown shows 76 what changes in Federal law and policy af­ any provisions to curb two vicious practices percent of the workers themselves felt or­ fecting labor organizations and collective of mobster union leaders, secondary boycotts, ganized labor was becoming too powerful. bargaining are needed to insure that the and blackmail picketing. I am sure this sub­ I have introduced H.R. 1103, which would balance of power between employers and committee has heard voluminous testimony guarantee the democratic control of unions unions is kept. concerning these two subjects already, but I by the rank and file membership thereof. The growth of giant unions and the ex­ can see no reason why the American public My bill goes further than most other legis­ pansion of their activities into diverse areas should be forced to continue to put up with lation in this field in that 15 percent of the of commerce presents a danger to our free "these' practices. membership of the union is given the right political and economic institutions. Some­ The third party coercion brought about to petition the National Labor Relations thing must be done to limit the power under secondary boycotts must be stopped. Board to supervise the union's regular and grabs of men such as Hoffa. Means must The area of industrial disputes should be special elections. The right to supervise be devised to prevent expansion of unions restricted to the parties immediately con­ would not have to be based on fraud, but into unrelated occupations and industries. cerned and public policy should attempt to would be provided at the request of the re­ This Labor Commission would have the re­ limit participation in labor disputes to the quired percentage as a matter of right. sponsibility of limiting union expansion to primary parties. The existing legal struc­ I strongly feel that the best way to clean ture materially fails to accomplish the job the same industry or craft or occupation. which the public interest demands. Black­ up the corruption and mismanagement This Commission would be made up of 12 which has been revealed during the hearings m ail picketing of a nature which forces members as follows: 4 appointed by the workers to join or employers to accept a held by the Senate Labor Rackets Commit- President of the United States, 2 from the .tee, and to prevent other unions from falilng union which they unquestionably do not executive branch of the Government and 2 want is: outrageous. I certainly hope the under the influence of racketeers and gang­ from private life; 4 appointed by the Presi­ sters, is to insure that the members elect House will see fit to adopt amendments dent of the Senate, 2 from the Senate and which will cover these two points. their officers in an honest election. I have 2 from private life; 4 appointed by the faith in the judgment of the individual Speaker of the House of Representatives, 2 members of almost all unions. If we can [From the Saginaw (Mich.} News, June 4, from the House of Representatives, and 2 1959] insure their right to exercise that judgment, from private life. This Commission would most of the problems that exist in this field be temporary in nature and would submit LABOR REFORMS URGED BY BENTLEY-HITS will be taken care of as a matter of course. its final report to Congress not later than SECONDARY BoYCOTTS, ORGANIZATIONAL PicK­ My bill would give 30 percent_of the union June 30, 1961, at which date the Commission ETING membership the right to demand a refer­ would cease to exist. WASHINGTON.-Representative ALVIN M. endum to revise or repeal any section of the As a further step in labor reform legisla­ BENTLEY, of Owosso, today called secondary union's constitution, bylaws, or other regu­ tion, I am at present preparing legislation boycotts and organizational picketing "vici­ lations. This referendum would thus en­ to establish a permanent- Federal Labor ous practices of mobster union leaders." able a majority of the membership, if they Commission which would be similar to the In testimony prepared for an appearance so desired, to veto decisions by the union's Federal Trade Commission. The Federal before Joint House Labor Subcommittees, the officer-s pertaining to dues, initiation fees, Trade Commission was created to stop viola­ Michigan Republican pleaded for curbs on salaries of officers and employees, gifts, tions of the Sherman and Clayton Acts in these two union weapons. grants, loans, donations, or investments. their incipiency. A Labor Commission could "I can see no reason why the Ainerican Under this ·heading would come the use of serve a similar function in the labor field public should be forced to continue to put union funds for political purposes, a subject and prevent labor violations in their in­ up with these practices," BENTLEY said. that has become a matter of much con­ cipiency. For example, the Federal Labor He· termed top-down organizational picket­ troversy in union affairs. My bill also covers Commission would be able to hear private ing ( coinmonly described as blackmail picket­ national and local elections as well as strike parties seeking an injunction against a sec­ ing) "outrageous". votes, recall elections, and referendUins. ondary boycott or blackmail picketing. BENTLEY testified in support of two labor Nonsupervised elections are required to be This Labor Commission would hear com­ reform bills he has introduced. by secret ballot and if not, a new election plaints from the public as wen as those One would strike at union corruption by can be held which will be supervised. Em- parties to a union contract that the union, seeking to insure honest union elections and 'ployers are also given the right to petition .Inanagement, or both, are engaging in prac­ by giving members the means of overturn­ for court supervision on strike votes. tices which restrain trade or impede com- ing actions of union executive boards. 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 10353 The other would set up a temporary Fed­ a Federal policy on monopoly practices, of our food abundance. Throughout history, eral Labor Commission empowered to inves­ industrywide bargaining, and giantism. those nations blessed with plentiful food re­ tigate union power and growth. "Something must be done to limit the sources have flourished; conversely, nations Discussing his investigative measure, power grabs of men such as James R. Hoffa, suffering from food shortages have lan­ BENTLEY said: 'l;eamster Union president," BENTLEY said. guished. · "The growth of giant unions and the ex­ He told the committee he will introduce OUR DAILY BREAD pansion of their activities into diverse areas later a bill to create a Federal Labor Com­ "Give us this day our dally bread" is still of commerce represents a danger to our free mission which would supervise union activi­ the prayer of human beings in the far corners political and economic institutions. Some­ ties affecting business. It would operate in of the earth. For most Americans, it is the thing must be done to limit the power grabs the manner of the Federal Trade Commis­ prayer of gratitude for ample food. But for of men such as (Teamsters President James sion, BENTLEY said. more than a billion human beings it is the R.) Hoffa. The Kennedy-Ervin bill is "a step in the cry of hunger-the feeble plea of the old "Means must be devised to prevent expan­ right direction," BENTLEY said. man begging on the streets of Cairo, the sion of unions into unrelated occupations Nose-counting on the Education and Labor child whimpering for milk In Bombay, the and industries. This labor Commission Committee leads some members to predict weary African mother trying to convert a would have the responsibility of limiting a young Democratic revolt on the commit­ few scraps into an evening meal for her union expansion to the 'Same industry or craft tee. With Republicans offering to vote out family. or occupation." any bill, first and second-term Democrats For several years, I have been advocating BENTLEY'S proposed labor Commission who favor the original Kennedy bill could a more imaginative use of our farm abun­ would report its findings to Congress by June prevail over senior Democrats. dance. It has seemed to me that piling up 30, 1961, and then be dissolved. Most of the older Democratic members are vast quantities of food in a world of misery The Michigan Republican now is preparing holding out for a strict b111, or want none and hunger is morally wrong, economically a bill which would·set up a permanent Fed­ at all. wasteful, and politically dangerous. Morally, eral Labor Commission empowered to issue Following his committee testimony against we are losing sight of the Great Teacher's cease and desist orders in connection with the Senate-passed bill Wednesday, AFL-CIO admonition to feed the hungry and clothe labor-management practices restraining President George Meany circulated a letter the naked. Economically, we are paying trade or impeding competition. to Senator JOHN F. KENNEDY, Democrat, of hundreds of millions of dollars a year in BENTLEY's union elections reform bill would Massachusetts, Thursday, emphasizing that storage costs for commodities that are give 15 percent of a union's members the the AFL-CIO does not oppose the original (!.lready beginning to deteriorate. Politically, right to ask and receive National Labor Re­ Kennedy-Ervin bill as reported out by the we are creating an unfavorable image of lations Board supervision of a union election. Senate Labor Committee. It does oppose the Uncle Sam abroad when we wring our hands The measure would give 30 percent of the amended bill the Senate passed. over our surplus food problem in full view members the right to demand a referendum This letter was greeted as offering an out of the world's hungry inhabitants. on revising or repealing any section of the for prolabor Democrats from industrial FOOD AND FOREIGN RELATIONS union's constitution and bylaws, or actions areas who don't want to offend the AFL­ taken by the executive board on dues, initia­ CIO management, but at the same time say I wonder if we fully realize the power of tion fees, officers or employees' salaries, use of they can't go home without voting for some food in our relations with other countries. kind of antiracketeering measure. Is it posible that many of the underdeveloped union dues for political purposes, gifts, nations now receiving expensive military grants, loans, donations, or investments. Harold J. Gibbons, No. 2 man to Hoffa in the Teamsters, said Thursday the big shipments from the United States would be more impressed and better strengthened by (From the Detroit Free Press, June 5, 1959] truck union is prepared to accept some type of labor control legislation. less costly shipments of food? UNIONS Too STRONG?-BENTLEY'S POLL OF Personally, I become more convinced each STATE LABOR STIRS A RUMPUS Gibbons said, however, that the Kennedy­ Ervin b111 has union-busting, punitive and day that our most powerful material asset in (By James M. Haswell) repressive features and any such legislation building a world of peace and freedom is our WASHINGTON .-Michigan questionnaires­ would be unacceptable. food abundance. It seems probable to me showing that substantial majorities of union Gibbons, the union's executive vice presi­ that the remarkable productivity of the members think that organized labor is too dent, substituted for Hoffa in the meeting American farmer, if properly used, can be a powerful--drew sharp interest Thursday with newsmen. Gibbons said Hoffa was more decisive factor in the struggle between from members of the House subcommittee busy in a conference. freedom and communism than the sputnik. drafting antiracketeering legislation. The hungry multitudes of Asia, Africa, and Gibbons was asked what the Teamsters the Middle East are far more interested in Representative ALviN M. BENTLEY, Repub­ might favor. He said that for one thing lican, of Owosso, said 76 percent of the union bread, medical care, and schools than in any the union endorses complete financial ac­ number of jets and sputniks. Does anyone members who replied to his questionnaire counting of union funds to the Government. expressed this view. wonder what the crafty Khrushchev would BENTLEY told the committee he got 9,300 do if he had America's surplus food to use replies, about a 30 percent response, from the in his international operations? Eighth Congressional District. BREAD VERSUS GUNS Representative ELMER J. HoLLAND, Demo­ The Food-for-Peace Bill In a few days, Congress will be consider­ crat, of Pennsylvania, a member of Local1272 ing the President's request of $3.9 billion for of the United Steelworkers of America, was EXTENSION OF REMARKS next year's foreign assistance program. Of skeptical. OF the $3.9 billion the President has requested, "There are 65,000 steelworkers in my dis­ $2.6 billion is for military aid, including de­ trict," he said, "and I have had only 12 let­ fense support and the contingency fund; ters favoring the Kennedy-Ervin bill. The HON. HUBERT H. HUMPHREY OF li4INNESOTA $1.3 billion is requested for economic and climate in union meetings I have attended technical assistance is not as you describe." IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Many of us in the Congress are becoming Representative ROBERT GRIFFIN, Republi­ Tuesday, June 9, 1959 more concerned each month with the heavy can, of Traverse City, said he circulated ques­ emphasis of the foreign aid program on tionnaires in the Ninth Michigan District Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, I the side of military hardware. A sizeable and got replies similar to BENTLEY'S. ask unanimous consent that a fine news­ amount of such aid is going to undemo­ Representative CHARLES E. CHAMBERLAIN, letter prepared by Representative GEORGE cratic governments that rule over people Republican, of East Lansing, had the same McGoVERN, of South Dakota, be printed suffering from poverty, hunger, and disease. experience in the Sixth District, GRIFFIN in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. This It seems such people would not make very said. good fighters for freedom. BENTLEY urged the subcommittee to con­ newsletter gives a very succinct and con­ After pouring millions of dollars in mil­ sider his two labor bills. cise analysis of the provisions of the bill, itary equipment into Iraq to bolster this One is designed to promote rank-and-file as well as the purposes for which it was country against communism, we saw our control of union affairs. It would enable introduced. military aid used by Iraqi military leaders members to call in the National Labor Re­ There being no objection, the state­ to destroy the local government and then lations Board to supervise elections and hold ment was ordered to be printed in the engineer a working alliance with the Rus­ referendums on the actions of local officers. RECORD, as follows: sians. This would permit strike votes, recall elec­ American military supplies, poured into tions, and referendums on spending union WASHINGTON REPORT Pakistan, have so frightened her neighbors money in politics. (By Congressman GEORGE McGOVERN) that Afghanistan has made a deal with Rus­ BENTLEY also would authorize employers MAY 25, 1959. sia for arms and India has taken a hundred to ask courts to supervise strike votes. DEAR FRIENDS: Although the American million dollars out of her economic develop­ He also would set up a temporary com­ people are understandably concerned about ment program and placed it in orders for mission to survey the economic power of the mounting level of farm surpluses, we military equipment with the British and labor unions as a step toward establishing ought not to lose sight of the potential value French. 103'54 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE June 9 In still other instances, guns and tanks Though presently the country lags there might have been competitively mo­ sent by the United States of America have behind many others in the various fields tivated, we are enriched as they by the been used by unpopular dictators, not to . of human endeavor, that has not always relationship. For since time immemo­ fight communism, but to resist local reform movements demanded hy the people. been the case. For in bygone days his­ rial Afghanistan has not only been a For these reasons, I am going to support ' tory reveals there were periods when marketplace for the exchange of ideas amendments that will cut several hundred Afghanistan enjoyed an advanced civi- and cultural values, but it has been a million dollars from our military shipments lization which spread into the adjacent birthplace for new ideas and values, a to underdeveloped nations. At the same areas. It was here that the Aryans for land wh,ose history may contain some time, I will continue to push legislation the first time took to sedentary life and important lessons for the man who would that I have introduced calling for an ex­ framed a rudimentary form of demo­ be a scholar of history or a citizen of the panded use of our farm surpluses overseas cratic government. The Afghans com- world. as well as in the United States. - plain that foreign invasions directed In the words of Mghan Minister for FOOD F9R PE~CE ACT, ~9~9 against their independence and viola­ Foreign Affairs, Sardar Mohammed On April 20, I introduced a comprehensive tions of their territorial integrity by Nairn, before the United Nations in 1955: bill known as the Food for Peace Act of hordes of warriors of various nation­ 1959, containing the following provisions: The establishment of feasible and verifi-. able confidence among nations will help re­ 1. The sale of surplus farm commodities alities with accompanying wars have left for foreign currencies to · the extent of $2 · the country and its people considerably duce tension, and that in turn will clear the blllion a year for the next. 5 years. lagging in the march of the 20th-century way for disarmament • • •. Nuclear energy, civilization. il).stead of being tho.ught of as the angry 2. Outright grants of food surpluses to demon of destruction bent on the annihila­ countries experiencing famine or chronic Afghanistan, about the size of Texas tion of the human race, will become the hunger. and a landlocked mountainous country powerful angel dedicated to the well-being of 3. Continued encouragement to church of some 12 million, is bordered by China, mankind. groups and other voluntary private agen­ Iran, the Soviet Union, and Pakistan, is cies that wish to distribute surplus com­ Again civilization may find a new vi­ modities overseas on a direct people-to­ the crossroads between Asia, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent, and tality in a land that nurtured our West­ people basis. This section of the blll also ern culture. includes grants of surplus farm stocks to. is one of the most popular countries of public and private agencies for use in the that section of the world. United States in the school lunch program, Since World War II Afghanistan has nonprofit summer children's camps, chari­ maintained consistently friendly rela­ Curbing Oil Pipeline Rebates table institutions including hospitals, and tions with Persia, India, China, Soviet needy citizens. 4. Agreements with friendly countries to Russia. as well as with the United States. EXTENSION OF REMARKS establish foundations to promote education, During this period Afghanistan has re­ OF health, research and other projects from ceived from the United States $117,294,- foreign .currencies accruing to the United 000 in grants, loans, and assistance. HON. EMANUEL CELLER States through the sale of farm surpluses. Prime Minister Daud in a radio report OF NEW YORK We could literally convert surplus farm commodities into education and health. to the nation stated in 1956: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 5. A Peace Food Administration under the The main objectives before us as a sovereign Tuesday, June 9,1959 President to direct the. various operations and peace-loving nation are to raise the provided for in the legislation. standard of liv~ng of the peopie and to insure · Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, on June Under Public Law 480, we are already their material and spiritual well-being, for· 9 I introduced a bill to amend the Elkins moving surpluses to other countries. In­ the achievement of which we must fight igno­ Act in order to prohibit expressly rebates cluded in that program is a truly fine rance, disease, and poverty. to oil pipeline shipper-owners through section that permits the churches and other Moreover, he added: the payment of dividends. private institutions to distribute surplus This bill will implement one of the commodities overseas. The church world Relations between Afghanistan and other service groups have done a magnificent job states have continued on a basis of neu­ recommendations contained in the Anti­ with this most valuable program. In my trality, and by maintaining this traditional trust Subcommittee's Consent Decree view, this particular activity is the finest policy, efforts have been made to strengthen Report on oil pipelines. In its investi­ single example of the kind of people-to­ and develop friendly relations with the gation of oil pipeline operations under people relationships that the world desper­ peoples and nations of the world. the terms of the 1941 consent decree, the ately needs. The Afghan foreign policy is expres­ Antitrust Subcommittee found that in "Food for Peace" is more than a slogan. 1955 and in 1956 some of the defendant It offers a partial solution to our agricul­ sive of the collecttve spirit of its people. tural problem and will at the same time They are warmhearted, honest, trust­ pipeline companies had paid to their relieve much of the suffering of a world that ing, generous, and tolerant people and shipper-owners dividends equal to 20 looks to America for leadership in this mind their own business so long as they percent to 47 percent of the pipelines' crucial hour. are not interfered with, I am told. total revenues from common carrier Your friend and Representative in Con­ Slowly becoming aware of the limitations transportation services. Since the over­ gress. whelming majority of an oil pipeline's GEORGE MCGOVERN. of their life in comparison to the more advanced nations of the world, they revenues come from tariffs that the ship­ wholeheartedly support plans and proj­ per-owner pays, it is clear that the divi­ ects designed to bring them and their dends rebate to the shipper-owner his payments to the pipeline. The shipper­ Afghanistan country more prosperity and a h!.gher standard of life. For which reason the owner gets an additional advantage over his competitors because part of the EXTENSION OF REMARKS Afghans are highly appreciative of the technical aid and assistance extended by tariffs paid by outsiders to the pipeline OF the big powers. Yet their desire for con­ also is transferred to the shipper-owner. tinued independence without interfer­ In its report the subcommittee found HON. ADAM C. POWELL that: OF NEW YORK ence from anyone, their love of freedom Ownership of oil pipelines in 1958 con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and self-respect dictated their current neutrality in an otherwise cold-war tinues to afford their major integrated own­ Tuesday, June 9, 1959 ers substantial advantages over the other seg­ world. ments of the petroleum industry. In order Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, I wish Their tradition of hospitality is well to correct this condition, the committee rec­ to salute the people of Afghanistan, known and it is reported that a total ommends that Congress consider legislation His Majesty Almutawakel-AlAllah Mo­ stranger to any Afghan home would re that would amend the Elkins Act so as to hammed Zaher Shah, and His Excel­ warmly received and would be offered the prohibit expressly any payment of dividends lenc!· M. H. Maiwandiwal, the country's best food and if there were only one by oil pipelines to the shipper-owners Ambassador to the United States, for sleeping room it would be his for the visit. that are derived from transportation charges having secured their complete political For Americans to be identified with paid by the shipper-owner, or by competitors independence some 40 years ago and for such a proud people and for Afghans to of the shipper-owner. today occupying a rightful and dignified accept our offers of friendship is mu­ It is clear that the Elkins Act always place among the wor.ld's free nations. tually rewarding and though our entry has prohibited payment of dividends 1959 CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD- HOUSE 10355 when such payment be.caine a device tO war.:_became eligible for pensions upon attained the age of 60 years, or $135.45 per discriminate among shippers by return­ reaching the age of 62, close to 3 million month if the veteran is in need of regular to veterans of World War I have been deprived a-id and attendance. · ing a favored shipper part of his of the pensions to which they are entitled This shall not be affected by payments to transportation charges. The purpose of for the past 3 years. This loss which they the veteran of social security and railroad my bill is to have Congress at. this time have suffered has become the Nation's debt retirement· benefits and other pensions, an­ reaffirm the purposes of the Elkins Act to them. It could be compensated for, but nuities and :retirement benefits, whether pay­ and to declare expressly that dividends only in part, but a retroactive pension to the able by law, contract, or otherwise. paid by an oil pipeline to its principal qualifying age of 60 years. The pension shall not be paid under this shipper from the money paid QY that But even this could not make amends to section to any unmarried veteran whose an­ shipper for transportation services con­ the tens of thousands of World War I vet­ nual income exceeds $2,400, or to any mar­ erans who have passed away since 1956. ried veteran or any veteran with children stitutes a rebate. Late as it is, because of 3 years' delay, the whose annual income exceeds $3,800. The purpose of my bill is to assure very least we can do is to pass a pension bill I call attention to the many similar bills that oil pipelines operate as common at this session for the survivors of World ­ on this same subject as evidence of growing carriers in fact as well as in law, rather War I, whose ranks are diminishing more support for this legislation, and a realiza­ than as private carriers for the benefit rapidly as time moves on. tion that the time has arrived to make good of their shipper-owners. It attempts to Three hundred and thirty died today. on our obligations to the veterans of World remedy present discriminations against Three hundred and thirty plus will die to­ War I. outside users of oil pipelines by curtail­ morrow. ing dividend payments to shipper-own­ Each 24 hours' delay in passing this pen­ sion bill puts us that much more in default Danny Thomas and His St. Jude Hospital ers in lieu of divorcing oil pipelines from of our obligations to these men, the obliga­ the ownership and control of the major tions we owe to them while they are living. Foundation integrated oil companies. We are denying to them the peace of mind The remedy contained in my bill is that this pension from a grateful Nation EXTENSION OF REMARKS would bring to them. It is a material bene­ less severe than divorcement of oil pipe­ OF lines, which ultimately may prove .to be fit, yes; but it is also an honor that should bring some measure of happiness to a veteran necessary. My bill assures that the re­ for the few years remaining to him. HON. CLIFFORD DAVIS fineries owned by the major oil com­ This fall, we shall observe the 41st anni­ OF TENNESSEE panies will continue to have access to versary of the day when World War I came IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES necessary supply without the interven­ to an end. Forty-one years have brought Tuesday, June 9, 1959 tion of outside ownership. Unlike the the veterans of that confiict to an age at situation which might occur if there which most people become eligible for re­ Mr. DAVIS of Tennessee. Mr. were divorcement, continuity in manage­ tirement. It is now possible for women who Speaker, under leave to extend my re­ ment and operations will not be jeop­ are covered by social security to qualify for marks in the RECORD, I should like for ardized and the ability of the pipelines benefits at an earlier age of 62. the Members of the House to know some­ The concept of a service pension is not thing more about Danny Thomas, the to borrow money needed for expansion new. A long line of precedents, stretching and development will not be impaired. back over 185 years, and applying to the outstanding television star who is doing The objective of this bill solely is to veterans of all previous wars in which our so much for medical care in this coun­ assure that, in accordance with the in­ Nation has been engaged, clearly establishes try of ours, with special emphasis on re­ tent of Congress as manifested in the the right of veterans to receive such pen­ search for the dread disease of leukemia Hepburn Act of 1906, oil pipelines be' sions during their old age. among children. available for the benefit of the entire pe­ The veterans of World War II, and the Danny Thomas become acquainted veterans of Korea, although much younger, with St. Jude Thaddeus, patron saint of troleum industry rather than for the are receiving substantial benefits in other private benefit of their shipper-owners.· ways and covering the active years of their the hopeless, in Detroit, in 1937. Danny, Continued discrimination by the ship­ lives. Are the World War I veterans to be then still using his real name, Amos Ja­ p~r-owners against outside users of oil considered as an exception to the rule? Is cobs, had married his schoolgirl sweet­ pipelines, who are competitors of the there any justification for their exclusion heart 2 years before, and had just be­ shipper-owners, must be stopped. that would stand up to the searching test of come the father of a baby daughter, Mar­ reason and justice? garet. His job as a nightclub emcee had The opponents of pensions for World War just folded. He had $7 to his name. I veterans, unable to rebut precedents, or the Wandering into a Catholic Church to Pensions for World War I Vets 3 Years fact that the veterans of 1917-18 have al­ pray, Danny found a pamphlet on St. ready passed the qualifying age, try to evade Jude. He walked to the poor box, de­ Overdue the issue through legislative maneuvers, or, . when required to take a definite stand, try posited his $7, and asked St. Jude tore­ to scare the Nation by bringing up the turn it tenfold. Upon returning to his EXTENSION OF REMARKS costs. We did not hear that word "cost" tenement rooming house, a telephone · OF mentioned in World War I, when we sum­ call from a radio station awaited him. moned millions of men to give everything for Would Danny do a spot commercial for a HON. THOMASJ. LANE . their country. Some did. Others were washing machine company? Pay? $75. OF MASSACHUSETTS broken in health. The rest bear the invisible Just a little more than he had prayed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES scars of time and opportunity lost, and in their aging ye·ars show the strains that can be for-the money paid the hospital bill for Tuesday, June 9, 1959 traced to the military service of their youth. Margaret. A few years later in Chicago, Danny Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, under leave The cost? Three and a quarter billion dollars a year at the start, but declining facing another personal crisis as to to RECORD, extend my remarks in the I daily. This is about the same amount that whether he should leave the theater, include the following statement which I we have been spending for foreign aid, and prayed to St. Jude, seeking advice. made on June 9, 1959, before the Com­ less than the appropriations for the Depart­ That day, the worst blizzard in years hit mittee on Veterans' Affairs, in support of ment of Agriculture which includes purchase the Windy City. Trains had stopped H.R. 4392, to provide for payment of a of farm surpluses, and thousands of dollars pension of $100 per month to World War paid to individual farmers each year just to running. This delay caused Abe Last­ I veterans who have attained the age of keep part of their fields unplanted and un­ fogel of the William Morris Agency to 60 years: employed. be detained overnight in Chicago. Last­ The cost? If the Federal Government fogel caught Danny's act at the 5100 Club PENSIONS FOR WORLD WAR I VETS 3 YEARS fails to provide a service pension for these and told the comedian, "Your place is in OVERDUE old soldiers, it is we who will lose the faith show business." Danny took his advice Mr. Chairman and members of the com­ and confidence, not only of the 2,700,000 sur­ and became one of the Nation's great­ mittee, the average age of World War I vivors of World War I, but of every living est comedians. veterans is close to 65. The Congress has veteran who knows that a service pension in failed to honor their military service to the old age is· the implied promise our Nation Not long afterward, Danny vowed to Nation by granting to them a pension in the makes to every man and woman who serves build a shrine-later changed to a hos­ last years of their lives. in time of war. pital-in honor of St. Jude. Down the In spite of the fact that those who 'pre­ I speak in behalf of my own bill, H.R. 4932, years, Danny has staged innumerable ceded them-the veterans of the Civll War, to provide for payment of a pension of $100 shows to raise funds for his project. and the veterans of the Spanish-American per month to World War I veterans who have Many of Hollywood's top movie and TV 10356· CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE June 9 stars have appeared repeatedly as guest help promote this movement a group of Pelaez and called the magna carta of stars. tried and true friends of the Philippines Philippine science, was passed, provid­ Money for construction of this living have inspired, formed and organized the ing for speedy development of science shrine was raised through the efforts of American Philippine Science Foundation, and technology. The National Science Danny Thomas and his St. Jude Hospital led by Gen. Carlos P. Romulo, the Philip-· Development Board was established, Foundation, formed in 1946. Toward pine Ambassador to the United States with the chairman, Dr. Pauline J. Gar­ this end, Danny has devoted tremendous and President of the Fourth Assembly of cia, formerly Secretary of Health, en­ energy in performing benefits to raise the United Nations, as president, the dis­ joying a 6-year term and having cab­ money. He has been doing this nearly tinguished Nobel physicist, Dr. Arthur H. inet status. Science teaching is being single handed. This is the shrine he Compton, as cochairman and His Excel­ intensified ·and science talent searches promised. lency, Carlos P. Garcia, as honorary pres­ have been instituted under the direction In 1954, Danny was dubbed a Knight ident. of the Science Foundation of the Phil­ of Malta by Pope Pius XII for his tre­ This group includes Messrs. Alexander ippines, of which Dr. Juan Salcedo, Jr., mendous efforts toward aiding medical D. Calhoun, vice president of the First formerly Secretary of Health, is Presi­ science by raising funds for all hospitals National City Bank of New York; James dent. An intensive research effort on as well as his St. Jude Hospital Founda­ Jacobson of the Chase Manhattan Bank; Kadang-Kadang, a disease threatening tion project. Mr. Paul C. Smith, former editor and the coconut industry, the industry of The land for this ultramodern, $2 mil­ general manager of the San Francisco greatest magnitude there, has been in­ lion, 128-bed hospital was donated by Chronicle and former !)resident and itiated. Modernization is also taking the city of Memphis. Paul R. Williams, board chairman of the -Crowell-Collier place in other scientific fields. the famed architect, donated his serv­ Publishing Co.; Mr. John E. McKeen, Meanwhile, here, the APSF in the ices in designing the hospital. As part president of Chas. Pfizer & Co., Inc.; Dr. United States is shifting from the edu­ of his contribution, Walt Disney will George E. Armstrong, formerly Surgeon cational role to a more active one. Pres­ send his staff to decorate the wards with General of the U.S. Army and now vice ident Garcia, on his visit to this country his well-known characters. president in charge of medical education in 1958, made a sizable personal con­ Staffed by the Memphis and Shelby at New York University; Mr. Richard tribution to help get the activities un­ County Medical Society, in cooperation Reuter of CARE; Prof. Frederick Pfitz­ der way and smaller sums have been with the university of Tennessee's medi­ patrick of Columbia; Mr. Max Abelman, contributed by American firms and over­ cal center, this hospital will provide care philanthropist and former officer Manu­ seas Filipino groups. The support of for the treatment of leukemia and re­ facturers Trust Co., and public relations CARE was won in spending over 3 high lated blood diseases in children, regard- . expert, and other prominent citizens. school science libraries with prom­ less of race, color, or creed absolutely The events leading to this important ise of 17 more when the need arises. free. There will be no accounts receiv­ development may be summarized as fol­ With its still slender resources, the able department in the St. Jude Hospi­ lows: APSF has sent over information on up­ tal. In addition, its laboratories will Founded in 1954, for the first 5 years to-date world science and educational work toward the accomplishment of a of its existence, the Foundation engaged developments. However, more, much cure for this . dread disease. Two-men in an educational campaign in the more, aid is needed to bring the scien­ teams of scientists-a total of six-will Philippines on the essential role that tific structure of the Islands to the point work around the clock in three 8-hour science and technology play in the viabil­ where it will be able to sustain a nation shifts. The lights of these laboratories ity of a modern nation. This campaign of now 24 million and rapidly growing. will never be dimmed until the cure for reached a climax when Dr. CoTui, for­ All patriotic Americans should rejoice leukemia is discovered. When these merly professor of experimental surgery in this development and I call upon all scientists find the pharmaceutic to limit at New York University, founder and and sundry, private individuals as well or cure leukemia, it will be made avail­ vice president of the American Bureau as corporate bodies and foundations, to able to all children in every community for Medical Aid to China and now direc­ do their utmost to encourage this move­ throughout the known world. tor of laboratories at the Creedmoor In­ ment. Its philosophy is in perfect con­ ALSAC was formed and incorporated stitute, was invited by President Ramon sonance with that of the report of the under the laws of the State of Illinois Magsaysay early in 1957, to study the President's Science Advisory Committee, in November 1957, for the sole purpose science needs of the islands. The report recently made public. There is probably of the maintenance of the St. Jude Hos­ of the survey was finished after the late no better way to help the Filipinos help pital and its research laboratories in President's untimely death and was ren­ themselves for all time than this of help­ Memphis, Tenn. dered to President Garcia in April and ing them build their scientific structure It is ALSAC's sincere hope that its June 1957, months before the advent of and thus enabling them to achieve the efforts will result in worldwide benefit Sputnik!. fulfillment of their national destiny. In to humanity as did the work of the In part I of the report, attention was the ultimate analysis, their failure will famous Dr. Salk. drawn to the dangerous scientific and be our failure and their success our· suc­ Thousands of Americans of all races education deficit of the country and a cess and science and technology may and creeds have and are contributing nine-point program was recommended. well spell that difference, for in this small and large amounts to the mainte­ These points called for all-out Govern­ rapidly changing world, scientific prog­ nance of the hospital. ment support of scientific work, for the ress is national defense in depth for establishment of a coordinating agency them, for us and for the entire world. close to the Chief Executive, for the enhancement of science education, for The American Philippine Science revision of tax laws to attract philan­ Foundation thropic aid, for simplification of admin­ Closer Local-Federal Cooperation Urged istrative machinery to expedite scien­ as Step Toward Building Better Limited tific development, and finally for the EXTENSION OF REMARKS Partnership Between Two Important OF Philippines deliberately to assume the role of the cultural center of southeast · Levels of Government HON. VICTOR L. ANFUSO Asia. In part n, untapped sources of OF NEW YORK possible aid from abroad were pointed EXTENSION OF REMARKS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES out; namely the thousands of Ameiican OF friends of the Philippines and the large Tuesday, June 9, 1959 overseas Filipino communities in the HON. SAMUELS. STRATTON Mr. ANFUSO. Mr: Speaker, I take United States. OF NEW YORK great pleasure in reporting that one of This program coincides with that of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our most loyal and stanch allies, the Re­ the present administration in the Phil· public of the Philippines has embarked ippines. During the Philippine congres· Tuesday, June 9, 1959 seriously upon a program of scientific sional session of 1958, Republic Act No. Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, this development and modernization. To · 2067, fathered by Senator Emanuel m·orning ·r had the privilege of address- 1959 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD--HOUSE 10357 ing the 50th. annual convention of the the .seniority _system now, but you'll find the construction of such· facilities-. This, .I New York State Conference of Mayors that_the longer you are down here the bet­ know, is a very pressing problem in my own and Other Municipal Officials, which was ter you'll like it." congressional district, v.;here . Amsterdam, But while I would· enjoy the chance to J:ohnstown, and Gloversville are up against held in the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in expand - on comparative advantages like these construction deadlines, and yet are New York City. As a former mayor of these and others I am afraid you might not unable to find any help in meeting what is one of New York's largest cities, and a feel such comments would be really worth a virtually insurmountable financial burden former member of this conference, I was your price of admission. And so I have in view of their own tight budgetary situ­ not only .honored to have this oppor­ chosen .instead to speak on something else ation. tunity to address the convention, but that has also been of great interest to me Well, water is fast becoming a major na­ also I took this occasion to discuss what in the past few months in Washington­ tional problem, not merely in the arid West namely, the proper and desirable relation­ but across the land; and streams and rivers, seem to me to be the proper areas of ship that ought to exist between our Fed­ as we all know, are no respecters of local cooperation that should exist between eral Government and the several local gov­ or even State boundaries. The elimination our Federal Government in Washington ernments at home which you ladies and of pollution passing across State lines, and and our local governments at home. Un­ gentlemen so effectively represent here this the creation in its place of a fresh and whole­ der leave to extend my remarks, I includ~ morning. some supply of water for use by a steadily the text of my address to the conference: There is one point of view-and I am sure growing population is certainly a legitimate you are familiar with it-that the Federal national-not just a State or local-con­ A FORMER MAYOR LOOKS AT THE FEDERAL Government has no business dealing di­ cern. Hence we have had in operation over GOVERNMENT rectly with the local agencies of Go~ernment the past few years, as you know, a limited (By Representative SAMUEL S. STRATTON, Of at all-that it should always go through the program of Federal assistance-up to 30 per­ New York, 32d District) State governments in each case and should cent of the cost-for the construction of Mr. President, my former friends and asso­ leave it to the States to determine to what sewage treatment facilities by local govern­ ciates in the conference of mayors, it is a extent each. local government, as its own ments, With a total of $50 million allocated pleasant treat indeed to have this opportun­ creature shall benefit from or participate in per year, or about $2.7 million per year for ity to come back here to renew my friend­ Federal programs. Perhaps there is some­ New York State. This has been a very useful ships with members of this conference, thing to be said for this point of view, but program. And while many communities are especially since I no longer _can qualify for I am sure you will agree with me that it still hard pressed, evep. with this help, to membership in my own right, and also to does not represent by any means the whole find the other 70 percent of the money, at have this opportunity to talk with you for story. least here is evidence of a reasonable work­ a few moments on a comparison of my pres­ Then there is a second view, and I know ing partnership between the Federal Gov­ ent fate, as a Member of Congress, with my that you and I have heard this expounded ernment and local governments that is both previous privilege of being a ·mayot of one many times, too, and with great eloquence, Within limits and highly beneficial all of New York State's leading cities. and this is that the State governments are around. Let me say at the outset that while, as actually shortchanging the local govern­ I am flying back to Washington this morn­ you perhaps will remember, I always en­ ments, and that if the incorporated areas ing-and I hope I make it in time-in order joyed being mayor of Schenectady, I am even of our States are to continue to survive and to be able to vote on an expansion of this more delighted to be a Member of the House to grow, they can no longer hope to look program which would make its benefits of Representatives. I can recommend the to the State legislatures for help but must available more quickly to a large number of life, and I woUld even urge all of you to look instead directly to the Federal Gov­ communities, by setting aside a total of ernment in Washington. The suggestion $100 million for this purpose each year for run for Congress, too, provided, of course, has even been advanced over the past few a period of 10 years. This bill, H.R. 3610, that you make sure not to run in the 32d years by some of our national municipal . the so-called Blatnik bill, has been endorsed, District. I have troubles enough there organizations that to meet this need the incidentally, by our own Governor Rocke­ already. Federal Government should be reorganized, feller, who wrote the House committee that There is a great temptation here this and a new, special Cabinet department be its adoption would make it possible for the morning to make use of this very kind in­ created to handle the affairs of local govern­ modest program of antipollution activity, vitation which you have so cordially ex­ ments, to be known as the Department of already stimulated in New York State by the tended to me to do nothing more than com­ Urban Affairs. There is no doubt something original aid bill, to be expanded and speeded pare the life and duties of a Congressman to be said, at times at least, for this point up. I hardly need to tell you that this bill With those of a mayor. I could dwell on the of view, too. And yet I am inclined to be­ also has the endorsement of your confer­ fact, for example, that there are drawbacks lieve that this approach also goes too far, ence, and I am happy not only to support as well as compensations in making any and that we in the cities and v1llages of New it, but I am confident it will be adopted such change. It's true that by being down York do not need to feel that there is no today by the House. in Washington it is hard for a Congressman future for us except through direct and This, as I say, is one example of the to keep in anywhere as near as close and continuing assistance and supervision from reasonable, proper, and limited kind of effec·tive touch with his constituency as Washington. I am sure you will agree with partnership which I believe ought to exist does the average mayor. On the other hand,, me there, too. between our Federal and local govern­ you don't often get awakened_in the middle And so I lean toward a third possible an­ ments-=-directed to a pressing local need in of the night by some irate constituent who swer to the question of just what kind of which State assistance is not possible or wants you to collect his garbage right away relationship ought to exist between the State forthcoming, at least in entirely adequate or raid a nearby crap game. It is true that and the Federal Government, one that lies amounts, and in which a real, and urgent the average Congressman is a very small somewhere between these two extremes-­ national need is involved. Let me give you frog in a very big puddle, especially after that the proper role of the Federal Govern­ another example of such an area, aid to having experienced the ceremonial defer­ ment should be one of a kind of limited · areas of chronic or unusually high unem­ ence that is, upon occasion at least, ac­ partnership with local government agencies ployment. corded to the average mayor. Yet I find, too, 1n those specific fields of activity where it Many communities here in New York State that I can always locate a place to park can be especially and peculiarly helpful. In have been suffering heavily in the past few around the House Office Building in the other words, the Federal Government should years from a sharp and painful loss of jobs. spaces reserved for Members of Congress­ not replace the State but rather should only At a time when overall national statistics which is a lot better than I used to be able supplement it in its dealings with local indicate the country is moving back out to do back in Schenectady, even as mayor. agencies. And I feel very strongly too that of its economic slump, we find in our own And while a Congressman exercises much this partnership cannot and should not exist State that many spots are experiencing the less administrative control over Federal except, as I have said, in those areas where same or even greater amounts of unemploy· governmental a:fl'airs than the average a very definite and urgent Federal need or ment. Something is wrong. - Somehow th~ mayor does over local affairs (excluding concern is involved. economy of our country seems to be suffer·· those of us, of course, who got our training Let me try to explain what I mean, if I ing from a kind of economic imbalance, and in city manager cities), there is at least may, in terms of a few concrete examples. New York State, as you and I well know, the dubious satisfaction of knowing that as Take, for instance, the matter of stream is at the short end of the stick in this re­ a Congressman yciu are assumed to be an pollution, and the pressing need in many gard. Our share of national defense con­ expert in everything from foreign policy to of our cities and v1llages for the construc­ tracts, for instance, has been dropping off water pollution. tion of sewage treatment facilities. Unless sharply in the past few years. We are told Like most freshman Congressmen I found things have changed drastically in New York that our standards are too high to keep and myself rather disturbed by the tight senior­ State since January 3, many of you repre­ to attract to our State the kinds of great pro­ ity system that applies to -the House, sent communities which have been ordered ductive industries for which New York is whereby authority and responsibility come by the State to construct these costly sewage famous. only after successive reelections. But then treatment plants by such and such a date. Here too in my opinion is a legitimate the Speaker reassured us early on this score. And yet, the State itself has been unwilling and urgent Federal cancer~. Any area of "Don't worry," he said. "You may not lik~ to advance any of its own funds to help in chronic unemployment in any part of the 103'58 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE June 9 ·country eventually will be harmful to the in unemployment areas, especially those own Congressman, e.lther on some of the .country as a whole. Any imbalance in our -areas where unemployment has been created matters I have discussed or any other mat­ level of employment and production, any by Federal tariff and other policies. ter of concern to you. special predominance of defense production There are many other areas .too where a If we could establish such small, working in one area of the Nation at the expense proper, a limited, and a mutually advan­ groups as these and use them for the pur­ of other areas, will ultimately hurt all of tageous working partnership between Fed­ poses I have suggested the results would be us, just as much as any cancerous growth eral and local governments can and should tremendous. They should, · of course, be in any isolated portion of the body will ul­ be put into effect. Such things, for example, nonpartisan groups. They ought to meet timately, unless removed, destroy the whole as reasonable urban renewal and slum clear­ with some degree of regularity. The ex­ body. ance programs, redevelopment planning op­ changes between us could, of course, be lim­ This degree of Federal responsibility and -erations, crime prevention techniques ited to exchanges of letters and phone calls concern is especially obvious, of course, in through the operation of nationally advo­ between the local organization and the ap­ those areas--and I include areas right here cated FBI standards, (as well as the Fed­ propriate Congressman, or, as I would hope-, in New York State-where this unfortunate eral crime census advocated Sunday by it could also involve some periodic visits of loss of business and jobs has been caused former President Hoover), legislation to deal the group to Washington during the legisla­ in large measure by Federal policies and pro­ with hate bombings; legislation to deal with tive session. grams. I am thinking, for iJ::istance, of th.e the vitally serious problems that will be Maybe those of us down there and you . glove industry of Fulton County, where our created if communities in the South con­ up here wouldn't agree on all matters -Fed.eral tariff policies have been directly re­ tinue to emulate -the example of Little Rock brought up. I don't expect we would. But sponsible fefr the continued serious unem­ and Prince Edward County in Virginia in we would at least keep the channel of -in­ .ployment in that.area. rn·peace no less than aband-oning their responsibility to educate formation open. We would have guaranteed in war, the Federal Government, it seems to the children of our Nation without regard that our representative systetn of Govern­ me, has a responsibility to act to relieve for race, creed, or color; legislation to deal ment would be truly representative. We the impact of any of its -actions which may with the deadly menace of narcotics; and would have established, in my opinion, the be harmful to individuals or to whole com­ .finally, if I may be pardoned for a somewhat most genuine . and real basis ·for a sound munities. more personal reference, legislation to help working partnership between two important To try to meet this serious problem, I am meet the unexpected but very urgent danger levels of American government. happy to tell you that the 45 members of created by the growing numbers of plastic I might say that we in the 32d District the New York State congressional delega­ laundry and drycleaning bags in the drawers have already tried to set up just this kind tion, Republicans and Democrats alike (the and closets of the American home. Inci­ of organization, composed of mayors, and largest single State group in Congress inci­ dentally, in that latter connection, I am de­ in our case directed specially to the problem dentally) have been meeting regularly to lighted to -see that in response to my sug­ of industry and unemployment, under the work out a plan of action to put our efforts gestions both the city of New York, the State able leadership of Mayor Thotnas Gregg, of and our energies solidly and unitedly behind of New York, as well as ·a number of re­ Amsterdam. I would hope that perhaps this programs to benefit our State. We have been sponsible and public-spirited members of kind of liaison group could also be estab­ doing this, I am proud to say, without re­ the industry, have begun to take needed lished in other parts of our State. Your gard for partisanship. Governor Rockefel­ corrective action to end this thoroughly un­ Congressman, after all, is in Washington to ler is to be commended for the lead which he necessary and wasteful loss of human life at work for you, and nothing can be more ef­ took in April in calling such a united opera­ the cost of a relatively minor personal house­ fective at cutting through omcial Govern­ tion into being. And my colleagues in the hold convenience. ment redtape than a Congressman. I urge House and Senate are to be commended !or These then are the proper areas for co­ you as the representatives of your cities and their willingness to go along in promoting operation and mutual assistance, as I see it, villages to make the fullest possible use of the interests of our State. Forty-three Mem­ -between our State and local governments. this important-and as far as I am con­ bers of the House, after all, amount to one­ But to . make this relationship work most cerned, most exciting and pleasant-branch tenth of the total membership. If we all effectively in both directions, there is one of our Government and its elected Members. stick together we can be pretty darn power­ ingredient that is especially necessary, and We in New York State are facing critical ful. I believe we should stick together in which, as I see it, only you can supply. problems in the months ahead. Our long, things of this kind to make sure that New -That is the ingredient of closer cooperation traditional leadership in the Nation is being York State's legitimate interests are fully and exchange of information and ideas. be­ challenged, just as the leadership of the tween you who have the working responsi­ United States is being challenged in the protected, that we get our fair share of de~ fense and Government contracts, and that bility on the local level and those of us who world at large. It is time that we in New the special economic needs of New York State have the responsibility on the national level. York moved to set up those pieces of ma­ are properly recognized by the Federal Gov­ .Even though we may recognize the neecrand chinery and organization which can best ernment. the propriety of this limited partnership I utilize our strength. It is time that we in Why, for example, shOuld California get have spoken of, there is not nearly enough New York take advantage of the real power the lion's share of defense contracts? We close cooperation, I believe, between us both. which we as a State possess, and begin to New Yorkers in Congress, all 45 of us, have Perhaps this is the result of a certain hesi­ use it to protect our future. There is a need introduced a bill to make sure that every _tation, a certain unwillingness on the part for all of us, I think, regardless of our party, area gets proper recognition in the award of local omcials to risk all the redtape of .to pull together toward this objective. of defense contracts, and that unemploy­ Federal Government bureaucracy. Perhaps Your New York Representatives in Con­ ment areas are given the fullest possible we in Congress have not done all we should. gress, as I have said, have already taken the consideration. We have also joined in spon­ Perhaps it is the result of nothing more seri­ first preliminary steps toward establishing soring legislation which will end the curious ous than the fact that all of us have a lot the basis for bipartisan unity in behalf of more to do than we have time to do it in. our State. But more is still needed to insure situation under which New York State has In any case, something must be done to that behind us and along with us we have been penalized, in the Federal Interstate increase this exchange of information. You your continuing cooperation and support on Highway program, for having gone ahead and would be surprised, I am sure, as I have been a similar bipartisan basis, and in behalf of built the great thruway on our own with in the past, to find that dealing with the the desperately important objective of pro­ our own money. Our bill would make New Federal Government is not nearly as for­ tecting the future of our own State. York eligible for its fair share of Federal midable as it often appears. You would be I, for one, as a former member of this aid moneys !or highways in spite of what amazed, I think, to find how much the organl:zation, am confident that the mayors has already been built, with the additional mayors of our cities and villages are listened and other municipal omcials of New York funds that will be coming to us because of to in Washington, and how influential you State, through your great conference here the thruway being made available for can be in determining the kind of legislation will rise to meet this challenge, that you will tncreased State construction in the Adiron­ that is adopted in Washingon, if you will indeed, in the weeks and months ahead, take dacks areas, and ·elsewhere where local roads but make your wishes known to us. In are needed. steps to use your vast experience and in­ fact we in Congress would not only wel­ fluence as representatives of the State of Personally, I have sponsored legislation to come but would actively want to seek out New York in this great task which confronts aid distressed and unemployment areas in your help and suggestions on how we could us, and that you will, both individUally -and their efforts to attract new industries, better serve and represent you in our · own through this organization, work to promote another bit of activity which I feel is of districts. an increasingly harmonious and effective special interest to New York State, and I With this in mind, then, I would like partnership between the Federal and local have introduced another bill that would add to m ake one specific proposal which I hope governments, a p artnership that wlll en­ one more, and in my judgment a very im­ will be accepted, that we in Congress, and hance not only the future of our great portant, incentive for industries to settle or you in your respective communities, set up Empire State, which we all love, but also, to expand in our State rather than moving some kind of formal organization within through the continued health and prosperity elsewhere, and that is to grant them special each congressional district through which of our State, the future and prosperity of the Federal income tax benefits in the form of the views and thinking of the various local United States of America, the leader of the fast tax write-oifs-for any new construc­ governments within each congressional dis­ free world both today and in the years to t ion or expansi.on that m ay be undertaken trict can be regularly passed along to your come.