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In the Iberian Peninsula The genus Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg. (Pannariaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in the Iberian Peninsula Graciela Paz-Bermúdez, Regina Carballal & Eugenia López de Silanes Abstract Résumé PAZ-BERMÚDEZ, G., R. CARBALLAL & E. LÓPEZ DE SILANES (2008). PAZ-BERMÚDEZ, G., R. CARBALLAL & E. LÓPEZ DE SILANES (2008). Synopsis of Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg. (Pannariaceae, lichenized Ascomy- Synopsis de Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg. (Pannariaceae, Ascomycètes lichénisés) cota) in the Iberian Peninsula. Candollea 63: 269-280. In English, English dans la Péninsule Ibérique. Candollea 63: 269-280. En anglais, résumés anglais and French abstracts. et français. Eight Iberian lichen species of the genus Fuscopannaria Huit espèces de lichens ibériques du genre Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg. are studied. Their taxonomic characters, distribu- P. M. Jørg. sont étudiées. Leurs caractéristiques taxonomiques, tions, and ecology are provided, as well as an identification de répartitions et écologiques sont données, ainsi qu’une clé key. This synopsis provides data contribution to the lichen cat- d’identification. Ce synopsis est une contribution au catalogue alogue of the Iberian Peninsula. des lichens de la Péninsule Ibérique. Key-words PANNARIACEAE – Fuscopannaria – Lichenized Ascomycota – Iberian Peninsula – Flora – Taxonomy Addresses of the authors: GPB, ELS: E.U.E.T. Forestal, Universidade de Vigo. Campus A Xunqueira, 36005. Pontevedra. Spain. Email (GPB): [email protected] RC: Dept. Botánica, Fac. Biología. Universidade de Santiago. 15703. Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Submitted on January 31, 2008. Accepted on November 3, 2008. ISSN: 0373-2967 Candollea 63(2): 269-280 (2008) © CONSERVATOIRE ET JARDIN BOTANIQUES DE GENÈVE 2008 270 – Candollea 63, 2008 Introduction Results The lichen family Pannariaceae has been well studied in Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg. in J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 76: 198. the worldwide during the last few years, and particularly for 1994. Europe (JØRGENSEN, 1978). Typus: Pannaria leucosticta Tuck. (ϵ Fuscopannaria leu- Later, Jørgensen’s and others’ research has mainly con- costicta (Tuck.) P. M. Jørg.) cerned the recognition of new genera and descriptions of newly This genus, which was segregated from Pannaria P. M. discovered/species, and phylogenetic studies in different geo- Jørg. by JØRGENSEN (1994), is characterized by the squamu- graphical areas which have shed light on our understanding of lose to subcrustaceous thallus, which is mainly brownish (and relationships within the family itself (JØRGENSEN & JAMES, to which the name of the genus refers), and usually contains 1990; CODOGNO & PUNTILLO, 1993; JØRGENSEN, 2000, 2003, fatty acids and terpenoids (which do not react with P). The 2005; EKMAN & JØRGENSEN, 2002). apothecia are variously margined, with or without a thalline JØRGENSEN (1994) separated Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg. exciple, have anamyloid hymenium, and an amyloid a pical from Pannaria Delise for small-squamulose, mainly brown- structure in the asci. ish species containing fatty acids and terpenoids. This genus The presence or absence of a thalline exciple explains is widespread in mainly cool-temperate areas of the Northern why somespecies were formerly included in Pannaria or Hemisphere, and has two evolutionary centres: one in the Parmeliella Müll. Arg. Species of Pannaria s.str. always have northern Pacific and adjacent regions in America, and the other a well-developed thalline exciple, while no such exciple in Asia, mainly in Pacific North America and East Asia. is present in Parmeliella. Furthermore, the different colour In this contribution we continue our review of the family reaction with I of the hymenium, greenish blue turning reddish Pannariaceae in Spain and Portugal (CARBALLAL & LÓPEZ DE in Fuscopannaria, and persistent blue in Pannaria and SILANES, 2006; CARBALLAL & al., 2007) within the framework Parmeliella, and also the different ways the asci open, facili- of the project «Flora Liquenológica Ibérica». In this we attempt tates the identification of specimens with apothecia. to summarise the main features of the species as well as to pro- Fourteen species are known in Europe, most of them either vide new ecological and distributional data. The eight species previously included in Pannaria or recently described (JØR- of the genus Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg., which are found in GENSEN, 2005), eight of them having been found in the Iber- the Iberian Peninsula, are treated here and an identification key ian Peninsula. The distribution of the other four species is is provided. boreal, arctic or arctic-alpine which explains why do not appear to occur in the Iberian Peninsula. The nomenclature follows JØRGENSEN (2003). Material and Methods 1. Fuscopannaria atlantica P. M. Jørg. & P. James in Liche- We have studied more than 300 collections deposited in nologist 37: 221. 2005. the following herbaria: BCC, GDA, LEB, LISU, MA, MACB, MAF, MGC, MUB, PO, SALAF, SANT, UPS, VAB as well Typus: PORTUGAL. Azores: Sta. Maria, 1 km W of as from the private collections of Drs J. Álvarez (herb. Arrebentao, on earth bank by roadside, 14.IV.1977, James Álvarez), P. v.d. Boom (herb. Boom), J. Etayo (herb. Etayo), s.n. (holo-: BM). and Vigo-Lich (herb. Vigo-Lich). We have also collected and Thallus 100-160 µm thick crustaceous, of dark grey to examined fresh material. brownish coloured squamules, squamules 0.4-0.6 ϫ 0.2 mm, Macroscopic characters were studied using two stereomi- repeatedly divided towards the apex, which gives them a grey- croscopes: a Nikon with up to 80x magnification, and an ish granular appearance. Upper cortex composed of 2-3 cell Olympus SZX9, with magnification between 63-570 ϫ. For layers. Photobiont layer with large Nostoc clumps. Apothecia high-power microscopy we used an Olympus BH2 microscope. 0.4-0.8 mm diam, abundant, brown-orange, flat at first but Slides were prepared from hand sections, which were first becoming convex, with a granular thalline exciple evident mounted in water to make all the measurements provided here. when young. In some young apothecia, a narrow true exciple, The asci were also observed in Lugol’s iodine solution and, in which is lighter in colour than the disc, is apparent. Epithe- some instances, following pre-treatment with 10% KOH. cium golden brown. Hymenium 80-100 µm tall, I+ blue in Lugol’s iodine. Subhymenium 120-150 µm tall, colourless. Paraphyses unbranched, slightly swollen in the apex. Exciple paraplectenchymatous, 30-40 µm wide. Asci subcylindrical, 60-70 ϫ 13-16 µm, 8-spored. Ascospores, colourless, ellip- soidal, without an epispore, 10.5-16(-17) ϫ 4-7(-9) µm. The genus Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg. (Pannariaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in the Iberian Peninsula – 271 Observations. – This species may be mistaken for was also collected near the sea, although it was growing on Moelleropsis nebulosa (Hoffm.) Coppins & P. M. Jørg. as a bark in an urban environment (Fig. 1). This species has been result of the high number of divisions in the squamules, which collected along the European Atlantic coast: from Norway and may be regarded as granules, especially in the middle of the the Azores, in western Ireland, England, Wales, and Scotland, thallus where it is hard to distinguish the squamules (see the and in the Italian coast of Liguria; all of these localities have key of the species). However, F. atlantica always has a a well- a marked oceanic influence. defined cortex, and its grey never looks bluish. Specimens examined. – PORTUGAL. Estremadura: Cascais, Habitat and distribution. – This recently described species Parque Municipal, on the bark of Pinus halepensis, 17.VII.1946, Tavares 192972 (LISU, as Parmeliella corallinoides var. incrassata by JØRGENSEN (2005) was originally reported only on consol- A. L. Sm.). idated soil material near the coast. The only Iberian specimen Fuscopannaria atlantica & F. praetermissa l l 42N 39N s s Fuscopannaria atlantica 36N l Fuscopannaria praetermissa 9W 6W 3W 0 3E Fig. 1. – Distibution map of Fuscopannaria atlantica P. M. Jørg. & P. James and F. praetermissa (Nyl.) P. M. Jørg. 272 – Candollea 63, 2008 2. Fuscopannaria ignobilis (Anzi) P. M. Jørg. in J. Hattori sometimes confluent. Thalline exciple with a verrucose appear- Bot. Lab. 76: 205. 1994. ance and a whitish margin evident in younger specimens but ϵ Pannaria ignobilis Anzi in Comment. Soc. Crittog. Ital. disappearing in the oldest ones. Disc brown-orange to brown- 1: 138. 1862. red, soon becoming convex. Epithecium brown. Hymenium Lectotypus (designated by TAVA R ES , 1965): ITA LY. Monte hyaline, 100-140(-180) µm tall, I+ blue-green turning to red. Pisano: [near Pisa], s.coll., s.n. (TO). Hypothecium hyaline or slightly yellowish, 200-300 µm tall. Sub- Thallus 125-160 µm thick, crustaceous, consisting of small hymenium prosoplectenchymatous, with larger cells in the lower squamules (0.25-)0.5-1(-1.5) mm wide, grey to brownish (rarely part. Paraphyses unbranched, slightly swollen at the apex. True bluish), incised and sometimes verrucose, with a whitish mar- exciple paraplectenchymatous, narrow, 20-40 µm wide.Asci sub- gin, usually imbricate, rarely dispersed, and most clearly seen at cylindrical to clavate, 8-spored, 60-85 ϫ 18-20 µm. Ascospores the edges of the thallus. Hypothallus black-blue, usually well colourless, elliptical, usually with a large guttule, epispore pres- developed. Upper cortex paraplectenchymatous, 20-30 µm thick. ent and attenuated to form a sharp apex (apiculus) at one or both Photobiont layer (40-)60-90 µm thick, consisting of Nostoc apices, 11-18 ϫ 6-11 µm, including the epispore 16-28(-40) ϫ clumps. Medulla 25-40 µm thick. Apothecia usually abundant, 7-11 µm. Fuscopannaria ignobilis l l ll l l l 42N lll ll l l l l l l l l l lll 39N lll ll ll l l 36N 9W 6W 3W 0 3E Fig. 2. – Distribution map of Fuscopannaria ignobilis (Anzi) P. M. Jørg. The genus Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg. (Pannariaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in the Iberian Peninsula – 273 Observations. – This species is readily distinguished by the Miranda del Castañar, sobre Arbutus unedo, 26.VI.
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