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Southwestern Oregon Tree Selection Guide for Coos, Curry, Douglas, Jackson, and Josephinedate

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Southwestern Oregon Tree Selection Guide for Coos, Curry, Douglas, Jackson, and Josephinedate EC 1505 • January 1999 $5.50 Southwestern Oregon Tree Selection Guide for Coos, Curry, Douglas, Jackson, and JosephineDATE. counties OF OUT IS information: PUBLICATIONcurrent most THIS For http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog OReGON STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION SERVICE Contents How to use this guide 1 Trees in the home landscape 2 Tree selection—the right tree in the right place 2 Buying trees 3 For more information 4 Part I: Tree lists Trees for sites with partial sun DATE. 7 Trees with moderate drought tolerance 10 Trees with good drought tolerance OF 14 Short trees (up to 35' mature height) 17 Trees with narrow spread (up to 30') 20 Trees for spring flowers OUT 25 Trees for summer flowers 27 Trees for fall color IS 28 Trees that create shade 32 Deer-resistant trees 34 Trees that attract wildlife 36 Trees resistant to armillaria root rot 37 Trees resistant to verticillium wilt information: 38 Part II: Tree descriptions Evergreen and deciduous broadleaf trees 41 Conifer trees current 63 Hardy palmsPUBLICATION 68 most THIS For http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Written by Jerry Maul, Extension horticulture agent, Douglas County, Oregon State University. Illustrations courtesy of Gary Whitley and Pacific Power; Laura Lynn, Oregon Department of Forestry; and Edward Jensen, Manual of Oregon Trees and Shrubs (Oregon State University, revised 1990). Southwestern Oregon Tree Selection Guide for Coos, Curry, Douglas, Jackson, and Josephine counties Selecting the right tree for the right place is the most important decision to How to use this guideDATE. make in the planting process. If you Most people select trees for a particular choose your tree wisely, you'll enjoy it for many purpose or function, such as flowers, fruit, years. If you don't, you may be stuck with a tree or drought tolerance.OF With that in mind, that has outgrown your yard, drops fruit in your the first part of this publication (pages 7- neighbor's flowerbeds, or worse. 39) consists of a series of lists of trees for There is no "perfect" tree. Many species special situations or purposes. The lists have desirable features such as spring flowers, are: fall color, or drought tolerance. At the same OUTTrees for sites with partial sun time, they all have at least one undesirable Trees with moderate drought tolerance characteristic, whether it is a pest problem or IS Trees with good drought tolerance intolerance of certain site conditions. Short trees (up to 35' mature height) This publication is designed to help you Narrow trees (up to 30') choose the best tree for each particular planting Trees for spring flowers situation in southwestern Oregon. It is based on Trees for summer flowers important site conditions such as sun, water Trees for fall color availability, and size constraints, as well as oninformation: Trees that create shade special features such as spring or summer Deer-resistant trees flowers, fall color, deer resistance, wildlife food, Trees that attract wildlife shade creation, and disease resistance. Trees resistant to armillaria root rot This list is not meant to be comprehensive. Trees resistant to verticillium wilt Rather it is a mixture of tried-and-true perform- Find the list that represents the feature ers and promising species that should do well that is most important to you. Then look at but generally are under-representedcurrent in the PUBLICATION the symbols to see which trees on the list landscape. also provide the other features you desire. Once you select some potential trees for your site, look at the detailed descrip- most tions of these species (pages 41-69). The THIS description of each tree includes informa- tion about growth characteristics, site suitability, limitations, and notable charac- For teristics. Some species also have cultivars (vari- http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalogeties) listed. Cultivars are genetically produced trees that have more uniformity than usually is found within a species. Trees in the home landscape Trees with large spreading crowns should Although you may be buying a tree to add not be planted near traffic intersections. Trees beauty to your home landscape, trees also have that bear fruit should not be planted near side- many other important functions. Proper place- walks. ment of trees can result in as much as a 10- to The mature size of the tree is especially 20-percent reduction in heating and cooling important when choosing trees to plant in the costs. Landscaping your home also can increase "tree lawn," the area between the sidewalk and the resale value of your property. Houses on lots the street. Not only do you need to consider with mature trees may sell for as much as 6 to such factors as powerlines, but planting the 12 percent more than identical houses on lots right street tree in the appropriate tree lawn area without trees. also can avoid future sidewalk conflicts. Here Trees and shrubs in our environment con- are some guidelines for matching tree size to the serve water, air, and soil and provide habitat for planting area available: DATE. wildlife. Shade trees provide living, nesting, and • If the tree lawn is 3-5 feet wide, choose trees gathering places for many birds and animals, that attain mature heights of less than especially in the winter when wind protection is 35 feet. OF needed most. Trees and other plants with abun- • If the tree lawn is less than 6 feet wide, dant fruits and seeds are particularly attractive choose trees with a mature height of 50 feet to birds. or less. Large shade trees with spreading overhead • PlantOUT large shade trees only in tree lawns canopies act as an outdoor "ceiling" and give a greater than 8 feet wide. more intimate feeling to your yard and street. The following minimum distance standards Trees and shrubs can block an undesirable view, ISare recommended for the placing of trees in tree enclose an area for privacy, or separate one area lawn areas: from another. • Centered between curb and sidewalk, at For more information on how to use, plant, least 2 feet from curb and maintain trees in the home landscape, • At least 10 feet from driveways, handicap obtain a copy of Selecting, Planting, and Caring ramps, and fire hydrants For a New Tree, EC 1438 (see page 4 for orderinginformation: • No closer than 5 feet behind or 10 feet in instructions). front of signs • At least 5 feet from Tree selection—The right tree underground utility in the right place branches • At least 10 feet Spacing considerations current from street Mature spreadPUBLICATION and height are the first things lights, farther to consider in matching a particular tree to a for larger site. Check the tree lists in this publication for trees mature height and spread for any tree you're • At least considering planting.most 15 feet from THISOverhead powerlines, existing vegetation, storm sewer and infrastructure such as curbs and sidewalks inlets must be considered. Planning now can save • At least maintenanceFor headaches later. For example, trees 30 feet from that reach a height greater than 30-35 feet intersections should not behttp://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog planted under powerlines. The • Away from exist- powerline symbol in this publication indicates ing vegetation on that a tree is suitable for planting under abutting property powerlines. Sun and water Trees that grow well in partial sun (3-6 hours per day) are indicated in this publica- tion by a half-filled sun symbol. Trees without this symbol require full sun. Trees that are moderately drought-resistant are indicated by a half-filled waterdrop symbol. Trees with good drought tolerance are indicated by a quarter-filled waterdrop symbol. Hardiness Extreme weather conditions such as tem- Figure 1.—Oregon plant hardiness zone map (Extracted perature variations, late spring frosts, drought, from the USDA's national plantDATE. hardiness zone map, and a variety of other environmental factors based on average annual minimum temperature in "F.) have an impact on tree growth. Zone 4 = -30 to -20 Zone 7 = 0 to 10 The hardiness of a tree generally is described Zone 5 =-20 OFto-10 Zone 8 = 10 to 20 as its ability to withstand cold temperatures. Zone 6 = -10 to 0 Zone 9 = 20 to 30 The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has mapped the entire country into a series of cold cheapest tree you can find because it may turn hardiness zones based on the estimated mini- outOUT to be a costly mistake you'll pay for later. mum temperatures in a given area. Each tree Purchase trees from a licensed nursery or species is rated to a minimum cold hardiness ISlandscape contractor. All nursery stock should zone. meet requirements of the American Association Southwestern Oregon falls within zones 7 to of Nurserymen (MN) and American Standards 9 on the USDA plant hardiness zone map for Nursery Stock (ANSI Z60.1) for top grade. (Figure 1). Zone 7 has a minimum temperature Don't hesitate to reject inferior planting stock. of 0 to 10oF, while Zone 9 has a minimum o Buy only plants that are healthy and free temperature of 20 to 30 F. However, the influ-information: from dead or broken branches, scars, broken ences of mountain elevations, temperature bark, or wounds. Make sure all pruning wounds fluctuations, high winds, and lack of rainfall can are well healed with no evidence of decay. Don't create microclimates that are harsher than the purchase trees with cracked or broken root balls. surrounding area. Trees should be a minimum IVi inches in Hardiness guidelines may reflect optimal diameter (except for seedlings). They must have rather than actual growing conditions. Since well-developed branches, be uniformly southwestern Oregon is suchcurrent a large area, the branched with good branch angles, and have a hardiness information listed in this guide PUBLICATION vigorous root system.
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