DOCSLIB.ORG

Statistical Analysis of Wind Turbine's Output Power

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Statistical Analysis of Wind Turbine's Output Power Self-consumption enhancement on a low-voltage grid-connected photovoltaic system Ciprian Nemes, Mihaela Adochitei, Florin Munteanu, Alexandra Ciobanu, Octav Neagu Faculty of Electrical Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Romania Bd. Profesor Dimitrie Mangeron no. 21-23, 700050, Iasi, Romania [email protected] Abstract— The electricity production from photovoltaic reducing the outage time of prosumers. Actually, the reliability systems is seen as a real alternative to the electric power supply. of power supply depends on the characteristics of PV system. The current global trend is to financially support the self- The PV systems with energy storage could supply the consumption through a remuneration of the PV energy prosumer without the contribution of low voltage distribution production that is locally consumed by the owner of PV system. network. This paper conducts an analysis of the self-consumption indices related with the energy production of a low-voltage grid- Having in view these benefits, in the last time the self- connected PV system, installed on Faculty of Electrical consumption is highly encouraged. The current global trend is Engineering, Technical University of Iasi, Romania. to use the electricity from renewable sources in order to improve the energy performance of buildings [6]. EU Keywords—photovoltaic system; self-consumption; self- legislation on renewable energy (in particular from sufficency; prosumer. photovoltaic sources) raises the issue of financial support for owners of residential photovoltaic systems in order to I. INTRODUCTION encourage the self-consumption from their own sources. This financial support is based on a remuneration of self-consumed In the last decades, the electricity production from electricity [3-7]. In order to encourage the PV owners to photovoltaic systems has permanently increased being increase their self-consumption, the remuneration is encouraged by EU energy policies and supported through substantially increased if the rate of self-consumption is higher various incentives mechanisms. In European Union, in 2016, than 30%. Consequently, the interest in self-consumption of the photovoltaic capacity has increased with 6122,8 MW [1], p residential grid-connected PV systems is increasing among PV achieving at the end of 2016 a total cumulated PV capacity system owners and also in the scientific community. around to 100,935 GWp, which includes around 100,65 GWp installed on grid-connected PV systems and 0,285 GWp Usually, in the residential PV systems without dedicated installed on stand-alone PV systems. consumption control system, the self-consumption can reach a level of 30%, depending on behavior of load profile. A According to Solar Power Europe [2], the photovoltaic literature survey indicates that among different technologies market is currently in transition, changing from a market whose used to increase the PV self-consumption, only two of them are growth was based on the incentives, to a new market structure, suitable [8-14]. The first one includes technologies based on where photovoltaic owners are encouraged to use solar energy storage, mainly using batteries, and the second one is electricity for self-consumption in residential, commercial or based on the concept of demand side management, namely an industrial sectors. The self-consumption is defined as part of active load shifting. The conclusions of these works show that PV energy production that is locally consumed by the owner of it is possible to increase the relative self-consumption by 13– PV system, as a consequence of overlap between PV power 24% with a battery storage capacity of 0.5–1 kWh per installed generation and load demand. Thus, a new concept is present in kW PV power and between 2% and 15% with a demand side the literature, that of prosumer. A prosumer is a producing management, both compared to the original rate of self- consumer of PV energy that will use the solar electricity for consumption [10]. self-consumption. Considering these issues, a quantitative and qualitative The main benefits of local energy production could be analysis of the self-consumption and self-sufficiency values classified as technical benefits, referring to reducing of related with the energy production of a low-voltage grid- requirement stress in distribution network, as well as the connected photovoltaic system is conducted in the paper. The economic benefits which refers to that the local generate paper has the following structure. In order to have an overview energy is usually much cheaper than that bought from the of main self-consumption indices, a brief literature survey is suppliers. Usually, the cost of electricity in residential sector presented in Section 2. After the grid-connected PV system has a higher value than the cost of electricity generated on PV involved in this study is presented in Section 3, in the next systems, thus the advantages of self-consumption are more section a numerical analysis based on the measurements of the substantial. Thus, the self-consumption is an alternative to PV output power and load demand is conducted in order to incentives that could bring an economic benefit to PV systems calculate self-consumption and self-sufficiency indices. The owners [3-5]. Moreover, the PV systems used for self- main conclusions are given at the end of paper. consumption will improve the reliability in power supply by II. THE SELF-CONSUMPTION CONCEPTS More accurately assessment of these indices requires to The self-consumption concept is related to the generated indicate the instantaneous load demand L(t) and also the PV energy directly used by the PV system owner. The aim of instantaneous PV power generation P(t). Based on this section is to give an overview of main indices of self- instantaneous values of load and generated power, the self- consumption for a prosumer with a grid-connected PV system. consumption and self-sufficiency indices can be defined as follows: Concerning the metrics of self-consumption concept, a t 2 t2 literature survey indicates that the most works refers to self- minP(t), L(t) dt minP(t), L(t) dt t consumption and self-sufficiency indices [8-14]. The self- 1 , t1 (3) SCt ,t SSt ,t 1 2 t 2 1 2 t 2 consumption index is defined as the percentage of the total PV P(t)dt L(t)dt t energy production directly consumed by the owner of PV t1 1 system, whereas the self-sufficiency index is defined as the self-produced energy relative to the total load demand. The prosumers intend to install large PV systems in order to maximize the percent of consumption that is locally generated Based on the timely overlapping between the generated PV by the owner PV system, which means an optimization of both power and load demand of residential prosumer, a part of the indices, the self-consumption and also the self-sufficiency energy generated by the PV system is directly locally index. Unfortunately these indices are complementary. As can consumed. Thus, the generated PV power is primarily used to be seen, the self-consumption is normalized by total generated directly cover the load demand. If the generated power is energy, whereas the self-sufficiency is normalized by total load greater than the load, the power is injected into grid, otherwise, demand. It is clearly that increasing the PV system capacity, if the power is less than the power, the deficit is drawn from which means an increasing of the PV power generation relative the grid. to demanded load, will lead to a decrease of the self- consumption and an increase of the self-sufficiency. Generated PV A solution to improve the self-consumption and the power P(t) Power Power PV economic feasibility of the PV systems is to store the excess of energy into battery storage systems. In this case, the excess of self-consumption Load demand L(t) energy from the PV system could be stored in the battery and A used later when the PV power is insufficient to cover the load. Another solution is to accurate manage the residential PV C system in order to reduce the imbalance between required load C B and generated power to a minimum value, considering a demand side management system designed to control the 12AM 9AM 12PM 9PM 12AM electric appliances of individual prosumer. Fig. 1. Daily generated power and load profiles. In order to find the optimal value of self-consumption, from previous relations, we will remove area B, obtaining thus the In accordance with Fig. 1, the self-consumption (SC) and energy exchanged with the grid. self-sufficiency (SS) indices can be defined as ratio of areas depicted in the previous figure. The self-consumption indicates how much energy from PV production (A+B) is locally Power injected consumed by the prosumer (B). Instead, the self-sufficiency into grid indicates how much from load demand (B+C) is locally Power Power drawn generated by the own PV system (B). from the grid B B SC and SS (1) A B B C Besides the self-consumption and self-sufficiency indices, another index is usually used to measure the overlapping 12AM 9AM 12PM 9PM 12AM between load and PV power, thus the size of the PV system can be adjusted by taking into account the ratio of the PV energy Fig. 2. Daily exchanged power wirh the grid. production to the energy consumption [10]: A perfect annual balance between generated power and A B load demand is obtained when the self-consumption is equal to EnergyRatio (2) B C the self-sufficiency, which means that total PV generated power is equal with load demand. If the energy exchanged with Actually, the ratio between self-consumption and self- the grid is taken into account, the perfect balance between sufficiency indices is the ratio of energy consumed and PV generated power and load demand leads to an equal amount of energy produced in residential PV system for same reference energy injected into the electrical grid with the amount of period.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Renewable Energy in Small Islands
    Renewable Energy on Small Islands Second edition august 2000 Sponsored by: Renewable Energy on Small Islands Second Edition Author: Thomas Lynge Jensen, Forum for Energy and Development (FED) Layout: GrafiCO/Ole Jensen, +45 35 36 29 43 Cover photos: Upper left: A 55 kW wind turbine of the Danish island of Aeroe. Photo provided by Aeroe Energy and Environmental Office. Middle left: Solar water heaters on the Danish island of Aeroe. Photo provided by Aeroe Energy and Environmental Office. Upper right: Photovoltaic installation on Marie Galante Island, Guadeloupe, French West Indies. Photo provided by ADEME Guadeloupe. Middle right: Waiah hydropower plant on Hawaii-island. Photo provided by Energy, Resource & Technology Division, State of Hawaii, USA Lower right: Four 60 kW VERGNET wind turbines on Marie Galante Island, Guadeloupe, French West Indies. Photo provided by ADEME Guadeloupe. Printing: Vesterkopi Printing cover; Green Graphic No. printed: 200 ISBN: 87-90502-03-5 Copyright (c) 2000 by Forum for Energy and Development (FED) Feel free to use the information in the report, but please state the source. Renewable Energy on Small Islands – Second Edition August 2000 Table of Contents Table of Contents Foreword and Acknowledgements by the Author i Introduction iii Executive Summary v 1. The North Atlantic Ocean Azores (Portugal) 1 Canary Island (Spain) 5 Cape Verde 9 Faeroe Islands (Denmark) 11 Madeira (Portugal) 13 Pellworm (Germany) 17 St. Pierre and Miquelon (France) 19 2. The South Atlantic Ocean Ascension Island (UK) 21 St. Helena Island (UK) 23 3. The Baltic Sea Aeroe (Denmark) 25 Gotland (Sweden) 31 Samsoe (Denmark) 35 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Generation Data for European Energy System Analysis
    Renewable Generation Data for European Energy System Analysis Alexander Kies1, Bruno U. Schyska2, Mariia Bilousova1;3, Omar El Sayed1;3, Jakub Jurasz4;5;6, Horst Stoecker1;3;7 1Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany 2German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Networked Energy Systems, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 15, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany 3Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany 4Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland 5Faculty of Management, AGH University, 30-059 Cracow, Poland 6School of Business, Society and Engineering, M¨alardalens H¨ogskola,72113 V¨aster˚as, Sweden 7GSI Helmholtzzentrum f¨urSchwerionenforschung, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany Abstract In the process of decarbonization, the global energy mix is shifting from fossil fuels to renewables. To study decarbonization pathways, large-scale energy system models are utilized. These models require accurate data on renewable generation to develop their full potential. Using different data can lead to conflicting results and policy advice. In this work, we compare several datasets that are commonly used to study the transition towards highly renewable European power system. We find significant differences between these datasets and cost-difference of about 10% result in the different energy mix. We conclude that much more attention must be paid to the large uncertainties of the input data. Keywords: Energy System Analysis, Renewable Generation Data, Energy arXiv:2101.08741v1 [physics.soc-ph] 21 Jan 2021 Meteorology, MERRA-2, ERA5, renewables.ninja, EMHires Preprint submitted to Journal Name January 22, 2021 1. Introduction Sustainable energy sources are a major solution for the imminent thread of climate change [1, 2].
    [Show full text]
  • Power and Wind Shear Implications of Large Wind Turbine Scenarios in the US Central Plains
    energies Article Power and Wind Shear Implications of Large Wind Turbine Scenarios in the US Central Plains Rebecca J. Barthelmie 1,* , Tristan J. Shepherd 2 , Jeanie A. Aird 1 and Sara C. Pryor 2 1 Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; [email protected] (T.J.S.); [email protected] (S.C.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 13 July 2020; Accepted: 11 August 2020; Published: 18 August 2020 Abstract: Continued growth of wind turbine physical dimensions is examined in terms of the implications for wind speed, power and shear across the rotor plane. High-resolution simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting model are used to generate statistics of wind speed profiles for scenarios of current and future wind turbines. The nine-month simulations, focused on the eastern Central Plains, show that the power scales broadly as expected with the increase in rotor diameter (D) and wind speeds at hub-height (H). Increasing wind turbine dimensions from current values (approximately H = 100 m, D = 100 m) to those of the new International Energy Agency reference wind turbine (H = 150 m, D = 240 m), the power across the rotor plane increases 7.1 times. The mean domain-wide wind shear exponent (α) decreases from 0.21 (H = 100 m, D = 100 m) to 0.19 for the largest wind turbine scenario considered (H = 168 m, D = 248 m) and the frequency of extreme positive shear (α > 0.2) declines from 48% to 38% of 10-min periods.
    [Show full text]
  • 3.8.5.Post0+Ug.Gdd887c5.D20201118
    InVEST User’s Guide, Release 3.8.5.post0+ug.gdd887c5.d20201118 InVEST User’s Guide Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs Version 3.8.5.post0+ug.gdd887c5.d20201118 Editors: Richard Sharp, James Douglass, Stacie Wolny. Contributing Authors: Katie Arkema, Joey Bernhardt, Will Bierbower, Nicholas Chaumont, Douglas Denu, James Douglass, David Fisher, Kathryn Glowinski, Robert Griffin, Gregory Guannel, Anne Guerry, Justin Johnson, Perrine Hamel, Christina Kennedy, Chong-Ki Kim, Martin Lacayo, Eric Lonsdorf, Lisa Mandle, Lauren Rogers, Richard Sharp, Jodie Toft, Gregory Verutes, Adrian L. Vogl, Stacie Wolny, Spencer Wood. Citation: Sharp, R., Douglass, J., Wolny, S., Arkema, K., Bernhardt, J., Bierbower, W., Chaumont, N., Denu, D., Fisher, D., Glowinski, K., Griffin, R., Guannel, G., Guerry, A., Johnson, J., Hamel, P., Kennedy, C., Kim, C.K., Lacayo, M., Lonsdorf, E., Mandle, L., Rogers, L., Toft, J., Verutes, G., Vogl, A. L., and Wood, S. 2020, InVEST 3.8.5.post0+ug.gdd887c5.d20201118 User’s Guide. The Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, University of Minnesota, The Nature Conservancy, and World Wildlife Fund. 1 InVEST User’s Guide, Release 3.8.5.post0+ug.gdd887c5.d20201118 2 CONTENTS 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Data Requirements and Outputs Summary Table............................5 1.2 Why we need tools to map and value ecosystem services........................5 1.2.1 Introduction...........................................5 1.2.2 Who should use InVEST?...................................5 1.2.3 Introduction to InVEST..................................... 10 1.2.4 Using InVEST to Inform Decisions.............................. 12 1.2.5 A work in progress....................................... 15 1.2.6 This guide............................................ 15 1.3 Getting Started.............................................
    [Show full text]
  • Wind Power Prediction Model Based on Publicly Available Data: Sensitivity Analysis on Roughness and Production Trend
    WIND POWER PREDICTION MODEL BASED ON PUBLICLY AVAILABLE DATA: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS ON ROUGHNESS AND PRODUCTION TREND Dissertation in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE WITH A MAJOR IN WIND POWER PROJECT MANAGEMENT Uppsala University Campus Gotland Department of Earth Sciences Gireesh Sakthi [10th December, 2019] WIND POWER PREDICTION MODEL BASED ON PUBLICLY AVAILABLE DATA: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS ON ROUGHNESS AND PRODUCTION TREND Dissertation in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE WITH A MAJOR IN WIND POWER PROJECT MANAGEMENT Uppsala University Campus Gotland Department of Earth Sciences Approved by Supervisor, Dr. Karl Nilsson Examiner, Dr. Stefan Ivanell 10th December, 2019 II Abstract The wind power prediction plays a vital role in a wind power project both during the planning and operational phase of a project. A time series based wind power prediction model is introduced and the simulations are run for different case studies. The prediction model works based on the input from 1) nearby representative wind measuring station 2) Global average wind speed value from Meteorological Institute Uppsala University mesoscale model (MIUU) 3) Power curve of the wind turbine. The measured wind data is normalized to minimize the variation in the wind speed and multiplied with the MIUU to get a distributed wind speed. The distributed wind speed is then used to interpolate the wind power with the help of the power curve of the wind turbine. The interpolated wind power is then compared with the Actual Production Data (APD) to validate the prediction model. The simulation results show that the model works fairly predicting the Annual Energy Production (AEP) on monthly averages for all sites but the model could not follow the APD trend on all cases.
    [Show full text]
  • The CLIMIX Model a Tool to Create and Evaluate Spatially-Resolved
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 42 (2015) 1–15 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/rser The CLIMIX model: A tool to create and evaluate spatially-resolved scenarios of photovoltaic and wind power development S. Jerez a,b,n, F. Thais c, I. Tobin a, M. Wild d, A. Colette e, P. Yiou a, R. Vautard a a Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE), IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France b Department of Physics, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain c Institut de Technico-Economie des Systèmes Energétiques (I-Tésé), CEA/DEN/DANS, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France d Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland e Institut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Parc Technologique Alata, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France article info abstract Article history: Renewable energies arise as part of both economic development plans and mitigation strategies aimed Received 16 April 2014 at abating climate change. Contrariwise, most renewable energies are potentially vulnerable to climate Received in revised form change, which could affect in particular solar and wind power. Proper evaluations of this two-way 5 August 2014 climate–renewable energy relationship require detailed information of the geographical location of the Accepted 26 September 2014 renewable energy fleets. However, this information is usually provided as total amounts installed per administrative region, especially with respect to future planned installations. To help overcome this Keywords: limiting issue, the objective of this contribution was to develop the so-called CLIMIX model: a tool that Wind power performs a realistic spatial allocation of given amounts of both photovoltaic (PV) and wind power Solar photovoltaic power installed capacities and evaluates the energy generated under varying climate conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Modelo Para a Formatação Dos Artigos a Serem Submetidos À Revista Gestão Industrial
    PERMANENT GREEN ENERGY PRODUCTION Relly Victoria V. Petrescu1, Aversa Raffaella2, Apicella Antonio2; Florian Ion T. Petrescu1 1ARoTMM-IFToMM, Bucharest Polytechnic University, Bucharest, 060042 (CE) Romania [email protected]; [email protected] 2Advanced Material Lab, Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Second University of Naples, Naples 81031 (CE) Italy [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract After 1950, began to appear nuclear fission plants. The fission energy was a necessary evil. In this mode it stretched the oil life, avoiding an energy crisis. Even so, the energy obtained from oil represents about 60% of all energy used. At this rate of use of oil, it will be consumed in about 60 years. Today, the production of energy obtained by nuclear fusion is not yet perfect prepared. But time passes quickly. We must rush to implement of the additional sources of energy already known, but and find new energy sources. Green energy in 2010-2015 managed a spectacular growth worldwide of about 5%. The most difficult obstacle met in worldwide was the inconstant green energy produced. Key-words: environmental protection, green energy, wind power, hydropower, pumped-storage. 1. Introduction Energy development is the effort to provide sufficient primary energy sources and secondary energy forms for supply, cost, impact on air pollution and water pollution, mitigation of climate change with renewable energy. Technologically advanced societies have become increasingly dependent on external energy sources for transportation, the production of many manufactured goods, and the delivery of energy services (Aversa et al., 2017 a-e, 2016 a-o; Petrescu et al., 2017, 2016 a-e).
    [Show full text]
  • Geographical Location Optimisation of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic Power Capacity in South Africa Using Mean- Variance Portfolio Theory and Time Series Clustering
    Geographical Location Optimisation of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic Power Capacity in South Africa using Mean- variance Portfolio Theory and Time Series Clustering By Christiaan Johannes Joubert Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Prof. H.J. Vermeulen Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering November 2016 Declaration By submitting this thesis/dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. C.J. Joubert November 2016 Copyright © 2016 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved i Acknowledgements I would like to thank the following people for their contribution during this project: My study leader, Prof H.J. Vermeulen, for his valuable guidance and inputs throughout my two years at Stellenbosch University. Thanks are also due to Prof H.J. Vermeulen’s family who opened up their home to the crowd of master’s students and their circle of friends on many occasions. My mother, Marina Joubert, father, Stefan Joubert, brother, Peter Joubert, aunt, Juanita Du Toit, grandmother, Irene Du Toit, as well as my late grandparents Pieter du Toit, Chris Joubert and Rita Joubert. To the extent that I have achieved anything in my life it would undoubtedly not have been possible without their unwavering love, sacrifice and support.
    [Show full text]
  • Arxiv:1703.06553V1 [Physics.Flu-Dyn]
    An entrainment model for fully-developed wind farms: effects of atmospheric stability and an ideal limit for wind farm performance Paolo Luzzatto-Fegiza1 and Colm-cille P. Caulfieldb,c a Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA b BP Institute for Multiphase Flow, Madingley Rise, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0EZ, UK c Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Rd, CB3 0WA, UK Abstract While a theoretical limit has long been established for the performance of a single turbine, no corresponding upper bound exists for the power output from a large wind farm, making it difficult to evaluate the available potential for further performance gains. Recent work involving vertical-axis turbines has achieved large increases in power density relative to traditional wind farms (Dabiri, J.O., J. Renew. Sust. Energy 3, 043104 (2011)), thereby adding motivation to the search for an upper bound. Here we build a model describing the essential features of a large array of turbines with arbitrary design and layout, by considering a fully-developed wind farm whose upper edge is bounded by a self-similar boundary layer. The exchanges between the wind farm, the overlaying boundary layer, and the outer flow are parameterized by means of the classical entrainment hypothesis. We obtain a concise expression for the wind farm’s power density (corresponding to power output per unit planform area), as a function of three coefficients, which represent the array thrust and the turbulent exchanges at each of the two interfaces. Before seeking an upper bound on farm performance, we assess the performance of our simple model by comparing the predicted power density to field data, laboratory measurements and large-eddy simulations for the fully-developed regions of wind farms, finding good agreement.
    [Show full text]
  • Statistical Characteristics and Mapping of Near-Surface and Elevated Wind Resources in the Middle East
    Statistical characteristics and mapping of near-surface and elevated wind resources in the Middle East Dissertation by Chak Man Andrew Yip In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia November, 2018 2 EXAMINATION COMMITTEE PAGE The dissertation of Chak Man Andrew Yip is approved by the examination committee Committee Chairperson: Georgiy L. Stenchikov Committee Members: Marc G. Genton, Gerard T. Schuster, Kristopher B. Kar- nauskas 3 ©November, 2018 Chak Man Andrew Yip All Rights Reserved 4 ABSTRACT Statistical characteristics and mapping of near-surface and elevated wind resources in the Middle East Chak Man Andrew Yip Wind energy is expected to contribute to alleviating the rise in energy demand in the Middle East that is driven by population growth and industrial development. However, variability and intermittency in the wind resource present significant chal- lenges to grid integration of wind energy systems. The first chapter addresses the issues in current wind resource assessment in the Middle East due to sparse meteorological observations with varying record lengths. The wind field with consistent space-time resolution for over three decades at three hub heights over the whole Arabian Peninsula is constructed using the Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) dataset. The wind resource is assessed at a higher spatial resolution with metrics of temporal variations in the wind than in prior studies. Previously unrecognized locations of interest with high wind abundance and low variability and intermittency have been identified in this study and confirmed by recent on-site observations.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Access Proceedings Journal of Physics
    Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 16, 2018 Probabilistic Meteorological Characterization for Turbine Loads Kelly, Mark C.; Larsen, Gunner Chr.; Dimitrov, Nikolay Krasimirov; Natarajan, Anand Published in: Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Online) Link to article, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/524/1/012076 Publication date: 2014 Document Version Peer reviewed version Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Kelly, M. C., Larsen, G. C., Dimitrov, N. K., & Natarajan, A. (2014). Probabilistic Meteorological Characterization for Turbine Loads. Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Online), 524, [012076]. DOI: 10.1088/1742- 6596/524/1/012076 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Probabilistic Meteorological Characterization for Turbine Loads M Kelly1, G Larsen, N K Dimitrov, and A Natarajan Department of Wind Energy, Risø Campus, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, DK E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Beyond the existing, limited IEC prescription to describe fatigue loads on wind turbines, we look towards probabilistic characterization of the loads via analogous characterization of the atmospheric flow, particularly for today's "taller" turbines with rotors well above the atmospheric surface layer.
    [Show full text]
  • An Airborne Cycloidal Wind Turbine Mounted Using a Tethered Bal- Loon
    Technical Paper Int’l J. of Aeronautical & Space Sci. 12(4), 354–359 (2011) DOI:10.5139/IJASS.2011.12.4.354 An Airborne Cycloidal Wind Turbine Mounted Using a Tethered Bal- loon In Seong Hwang*, Wanggu Kang** and Seung Jo Kim*** Korea Aerospace Research Institute, Daejeon 305-333, Korea Abstract This study proposes a design for an airborne wind turbine generator. The proposed system comprises a cycloidal wind turbine adopting a cycloidal rotor blade system that is used at a high altitude. The turbine is mounted on a tethered balloon. The proposed system is relatively easier to be realized and stable. Moreover, the rotor efficiency is high, which can be adjusted using the blade pitch angle variation. In addition, the rotor is well adapted to the wind-flow direction change. This article proves the feasibility of the proposed system through a sample design for a wind turbine that produces a power of 30 kW. The generated wind power at 500 m height is nearly 3 times of that on the ground. Key words: Cycloidal wind turbine, Tethered balloon, High altitude 1. Introduction altitudes have been studied. Kim and Park (2010) proposed a parawing on ships, in which the underlying concept is Wind energy is one of the most popular renewable a tethered parafoil that pulls and tows a ship. The ship is energies in the world. However, the generation of a strong equipped with hydraulic turbines below the water line. and steady wind flow is not easy to achieve. For this purpose, Another concept is the use of controlled tethered airfoils to wind turbines are fixed on top of a tall tower; typically, in extract energy from high-altitude wind flows (Fagiano, 2009).
    [Show full text]