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Influence of Zoning on Midshelf Shoals of the Southern Great Barrier Reef

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Influence of Zoning on Midshelf Shoals of the Southern Great Barrier Reef Influence of zoning on midshelf shoals of the southern Great Barrier Reef Marcus Stowar1, Glenn De’ath1, Peter Doherty1, Charlotte Johansson1, Peter Speare1, and Bill Venables2 1Australian Institute of Marine Science 2CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences Supported by the Australian Government’s Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility Project 4.8.2 Influence of the Great Barrier Reef Zoning Plan on inshore habitats and biodiversity, of which fish and corals are indicators: Reefs and shoals © Australian Institute of Marine Science This report should be cited as: Stowar, M., De’ath, G., Doherty, P., Johansson, C., Speare, P. and Venables, B. (2008) Influence of zoning on midshelf shoals of the southern Great Barrier Reef. Report to the Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility. Reef and Rainforest Research Centre Limited, Cairns (106pp.). Published online by the Reef and Rainforest Research Centre on behalf of the Australian Government’s Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility. The Australian Government’s Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility (MTSRF) supports world-class, public good research. The MTSRF is a major initiative of the Australian Government, designed to ensure that Australia’s environmental challenges are addressed in an innovative, collaborative and sustainable way. The MTSRF investment is managed by the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (DEWHA), and is supplemented by substantial cash and in-kind investments from research providers and interested third parties. The Reef and Rainforest Research Centre Limited (RRRC) is contracted by DEWHA to provide program management and communications services for the MTSRF. This publication is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Barton ACT 2600 or posted at http://www.ag.gov.au/cca. The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts or Minister for Climate Change and Water. While reasonable effort has been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication. This report is available for download from the Reef and Rainforest Research Centre Limited website: http://www.rrrc.org.au/mtsrf/theme_4/project_4_8_2.html 2008 Influence of zoning on midshelf shoals of the southern GBR Contents List of Figures.......................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables........................................................................................................................... iv Acronyms Used In This Report ................................................................................................v Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................v Executive Summary ..............................................................................................................vi Introduction ............................................................................................................................1 Deep shoal habitats............................................................................................................1 Using video techniques to sample deepwater fishes..........................................................2 Monitoring the effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas....................................................3 Objectives of the present study ..........................................................................................5 Materials and Methods...........................................................................................................6 Study area ..........................................................................................................................6 Multibeam acoustic mapping..............................................................................................7 Towed video surveys..........................................................................................................8 Fish community surveys using BRUVS..............................................................................9 Sampling design ...........................................................................................................9 Sampling gear ............................................................................................................12 Deployment and retrieval............................................................................................13 Tape analysis .............................................................................................................14 Habitat classification...................................................................................................15 Data treatment and analysis.............................................................................................16 Univariate analyses ....................................................................................................16 Multivariate analyses ..................................................................................................16 Explanatory variables .................................................................................................16 Target and non-target species....................................................................................17 Repeat sampling.........................................................................................................18 Results ..................................................................................................................................19 Multibeam acoustic mapping............................................................................................19 Towed video survey .........................................................................................................19 Fish diversity and abundance...........................................................................................24 Influence of habitat on targeted and non- targeted species .............................................28 Influence of location and depth on targeted and non- targeted species.....................35 Seasonal variability in fish communities...........................................................................38 Short term temporal variabilityand sampling precision in the fish communities sampled............................................................................................................................40 Effects of zoning (closure to fishing) on fish communities................................................42 Analysis based on the aggregates of highly sought after reef dwelling species.........43 Data driven aggregate selection.................................................................................46 Uni- and multivariate analysis of the effects of zoning on individual fish species.......52 Graphical comparison of target species abundances.................................................59 Discussion ............................................................................................................................62 Recommendations for future sampling .............................................................................64 i Stowar, M. et al. 1. Expansion of the study – increasing generality of results ......................................64 2. Frequency of sampling...........................................................................................64 3. Stratification ...........................................................................................................64 4. Spatial replication...................................................................................................64 5. Temporal replication...............................................................................................64 References............................................................................................................................65 Appendices...........................................................................................................................68 ii Influence of zoning on midshelf shoals of the southern GBR List of Figures Figure 1. Map indicating the approximate locations of the study sites in relation to the Zoning Plan...........................................................................................................................................................6 Figure 2. Screen grab from Oziexplorer™ showing real time navigation over the digital terrain model of Karamea Bank...........................................................................................................................7 Figure 3. The AIMS towed video camera being retrieved from the water on the
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