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ROSE CLASS Roses ROSE CLASS Roses • Roses are beautiful flowers that are within the family Rosaceae, and part of the genus Rosa. Rose plants are perennial, while there are over 100 species in existence. Roses are mainly native to Asia, while some are also native to North America, Africa, and Europe. The rose is America’s National Floral Emblem and is also the state flower of Iowa, North Dakota, Georgia, New York and even the District of Columbia. The rose is also England’s national flower. According to fossil evidence in Colorado, the rose is about 35 million years old. Did you know that during World War II, in Germany there was a non-violent resistance group called the White Rose? • Because there are so many different species of roses, they will vary greatly in size and looks. Some can grow up to 20+ feet high, while some are just miniature compact roses. One example is the Miniature Rose, which only grows about 1 to 3 feet high, while the Grandiflora Rose can grow up to 20 feet high. Most species have alternating thorns and leaves going up the stem. The leaves can be anywhere in length from 2 to 6 inches. The flowers can be a variety of different colors as well. From red to peach, pink to lavender, and even white or yellow just to name a few. • This flower can be used in many different industries and products. It can be used for medicinal purposes, food and beverages, bath and body products, hair care, and even skin care. In ancient Egypt, roses were considered the most sacred flower and were used as offerings to the Goddess Isis. They were also used in Egyptian tombs and formed into funeral wreaths. Growing Conditions • Since the rose has so many different species, many different species have different conditions needed for them to grow. Some rose plants, like the Rugosa rose, are known for spreading out when planted. So rose plants should not be planted in very close proximity to other plants. Most roses do well in areas with partial or full sun exposure, however they do need some sort of shelter or protection from strong or cold winds. While some roses can handle horrible dry soil, most should be planted in slightly acidic, moist soils. Most roses can handle almost any type of weather, droughts, high humidity, even frigid temperatures. But be careful, that does not account for all types! • The roses should bloom during late spring and early summer time. Depending on the species, the flower colors will vary. Some are peach, some are lavender, some are white, yellow, pink, red, even orange. They are usually about 2-3 in width. Pruning the roses is recommended to keep them blooming and keep them from growing out of control. However, if you choose not to cut off the dead flowers, a fruit called rose hips will grow on the plant. • Rose plants do have some pest problems. One problem they can encounter is black spots. Black unsightly spots all over the plant. June and Japanese beetles tend to eat the leaves, and stem canker (a fungus) attacks the stem of the plants. They can also be ruined by insects, and can develop mildew problems. Rose Uses in Industries Food • Many roses can be used in food products. The petals can be made into candied rose petals and also used as flavoring, or to add more scent to the food. The flower buds and petals can also be used to make herbal teas, or flavor ordinary tea. In France, there is a popular syrup made from the extract of rose petals. Rose syrup is also popular in the United States, being used for marshmallows and scones. In India, there is rose flavored ice cream and a popular concentrated rose squash. Rose hips are also used for food products. They can be used in jams and jellies, soups, teas, syrup, bread, and pies. Bath and Body Products • Roses can be used in many different products and industries. The flowers can be used for bath and body products, candles, soaps, hair care, skin care, and for many medicinal purposes. For candle making, rose petals make a beautiful natural decoration. For soaping, they also make beautiful natural decorations, as well as being an actual ingredient that is a great skin softener. • Common products that include roses are creams, lotions, ointments, eye pillows, facial masks, massage oils, shampoos and conditioners, and natural bath teas. • Skin care has many benefits from roses as well. Rose oil helps to soften the skin, treat acne, and moisturize and hydrate dry skin. It also has antibacterial properties. The oil fights inflammation, treat skin diseases like dermatitis and psoriasis, helps to restore skin texture, regenerates cells, and it has also been used to change skin pigmentation. • For hair care, rose water helps to add shine to the hair. Besides its antibacterial properties, it also has antiseptic properties which help to reduce scalp inflammation and dandruff. It also promotes hair growth, improves blood circulation in the scalp, and prevents hair loss. It can also be used as a natural hair spray. • Many bath and body products use roses to heighten and bring in a better scent, like for perfumes. Uses in Industries Medicinal • There are many medicinal benefits to using roses. Rose tea, made from the petals, treats constipation, vomiting, nausea, swollen eyes, sore throats, colds, insomnia, digestive ailments, eating disorders, sinus congestion, stress and even reduced libido. In traditional Chinese medicine, roses have been used to treat diarrhea and stomach problems. • The fruit of the roses, the rose hips, is a great source of vitamin C. They can help to strengthen the body and fight off infections, treat high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, fevers, chest pains, and many more. They are also used as a kidney tonic. • Roses have many properties such as being anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, astringent, and anti-bacterial. It is used to purify the system, promote feelings of well-being, regenerate skin cells, and it is also used as an anti-depressant and to help with anxiety problems. • Roses can also be used as a sedative and helps to avoid panic attacks. Herpes sores can even be treated with rose oil when combined with Melissa oil. • The eyes can even benefit from roses. When rose oil is used in a compress, it helps to treat puffiness and tired and inflamed eyes. • Rose oil is also an aphrodisiac. It is said that stopping to smell a rose helps cure feelings of resentment, anger, and grief. • For women, rose tea helps to treat symptoms of PMS and menopause, and is also considered a good treatment for many female disorders. Uses in Industries Cont. Medicinal • Romans used some roses to treat rabid dog bites. • Many different Native American tribes used roses for different ailments as well. The Pawnees dressed burns with the insect galls from the lower parts of the stems. The Crows sniffed rose vapors to stop bleeding from the mouth and nose. They also used hot compresses to reduce swelling from boiling the crushed roots. The Arapahos treated muscle pains using the seeds. The Chippewas used rose tea to treat eye diseases. Like Chinese traditional medicine, the Cheyenne boiled the inner bark to make rose tea to treat stomach problems and diarrhea. The Omahas also used the hips and roots to treat eye inflammation. • Besides being rich in vitamin C, rose hips and the petals also are rich in vitamin B and K, carotene, copper, magnesium, and calcium. • There are also many more internal problems that can be treated with roses. It can be used to increase the appetite, improve circulation, and stimulate the liver. • Rose tea is also used to treat breast pain and mastitis. • The oil is recommended to be avoided by pregnant women for the first four months of pregnancy. However, after the fourth month, rose tea can be used to help settle a restless baby. Other Uses • Roses are seen as a symbol of love. In ancient Greece and Rome, the rose was associated with the goddess of love, Aphrodite (Greek), and Venus (Roman). • Many other countries use roses as a sign of love as well such as Spain, France, Italy, the United States, and England. It has been used as symbol of an anniversary or a courtship, a sign of compassion at funerals, and also a sign of love on Mother’s Day. • Also in Rome, the term “under the rose” means: to keep a secret. The Romans would place a wild rose outside of the door where confidential or secret matters were going on. • In the lyric “ghazal”, in Islam, the longing song of the nightingale is provoked by the beauty of the rose. • The rose is also the provincial flower of Alberta, Canada and in Pakistan, it is the emblem of the Islamabad Capital Territory. • In Christianity, the red rose is seen as symbol of the blood of Christian martyrs. • The leading exporter of roses is the Netherlands. • On the rose bush, the thorns are not actually called thorns. They are technically called prickles. Other Uses Cont. • In the 17th century, roses were so high in demand that royals even considered using them as legal tender. They were actually used often for bartering and even some payments. • During the 15th century, the red and white roses were used to symbolize the two factions fighting for control of England and resulted in the name “War of the Roses.” The red rose was the symbol for Lancaster, and the white was the symbol for York.
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