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Aggravated Felony Case Summary

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Aggravated Felony Case Summary AGGRAVATED FELONY CASE SUMMARY By Immigration Judge Bertha A. Zuniga (San Antonio) February 19, 2009 (Summary updated regularly) Maintained by: Lena Golovnin, Judicial Law Clerk Page 1 of 54 DISCLAIMER: The summaries and cases provided herein are those of the author alone and do not represent a position or policy of the Immigration Court, Executive Office for Immigration Review or United States Department of Justice. The cases and summaries are provided solely for the purpose of legal discussion and do not represent a position or ruling by the author in any immigration case. ABBREVIATIONS Aggravated Felony AF Attorney General AG Board of Immigration Appeals BIA Circuit Cir. Controlled Substances Act CSA Crime of Violence COV Crime Involving Moral Turpitude CIMT Immigration Judge IJ Immigration and Nationality Act INA Pre-Sentence Report PSR United States U.S. Maintained by: Lena Golovnin, Judicial Law Clerk Page 2 of 54 TABLE OF CONTENTS (A) Murder, Rape, or Sexual Abuse of a Minor. ......................................6 • Murder...........................................................6 • Rape.............................................................6 • Sexual Abuse of a Minor. ...........................................7 (B) Illicit Trafficking in Controlled Substance (as defined in § 102 of the Controlled Substances Act), Including a Drug Trafficking Crime (as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)). 11 (C) Illicit Trafficking in Firearms/Destructive Devices (18 U.S.C. § 921) or Explosive Materials (18 U.S.C. §841(c))......................................................16 (D) Laundering Monetary Instruments (18 U.S.C. § 1956) or Monetary Transactions over $10,000 in Property Derived from Unlawful Activities (18 U.S.C. § 1957). 17 • Laundering Monetary Instruments (18 U.S.C. § 1956). ..................17 (E) Explosive Materials Offenses (18 U.S.C. §§ 842(h)-(i), 844(d)-(i)), Firearms Offenses (18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(1)-(5), (j), (n)-(p), (r), 924(b), (h), or Firearms Offenses (IRS Code § 5861 (1986))............................................................17 (F) Crimes of Violence (18 U.S.C. § 16) (Not including purely political offenses)–term of imprisonment at least 1 year................................................18 • Indeterminate Sentences:...........................................19 • Abduction/Kidnaping ..............................................19 • Armed with Intent.................................................19 • Arson...........................................................19 • Assault (Misdemeanor).............................................20 • Assault..........................................................21 • Battery..........................................................22 • Burglary of a Habitation. ..........................................23 • Burglary of a Nonresidential Building. ...............................24 • Burglary of a Vehicle..............................................24 • Child Abuse......................................................25 • Child Abduction. .................................................25 • Contempt (criminal)...............................................25 Maintained by: Lena Golovnin, Judicial Law Clerk Page 3 of 54 • Criminally Negligent Homicide......................................26 • Criminal Mischief . ...............................................26 • Criminal Sexual Misconduct........................................26 • Criminal Trespass.................................................26 • Discharging a Firearm/Shooting into an Occupied Dwelling..............26 • DWI/DUI........................................................27 • Endangerment....................................................28 • Evading an Officer................................................28 • Facilitation. .....................................................29 • False Imprisonment...............................................29 • Harassment......................................................29 • Indecency with a Child.............................................29 • Injury to a Child..................................................30 • Involuntary Manslaughter..........................................30 • Kidnaping .......................................................30 • Manslaughter. ...................................................30 • Mayhem.........................................................31 • Menacing........................................................31 • Murder for Hire. .................................................32 • Possession of a Deadly Weapon......................................32 • Possession of a Firearm............................................32 • Rape/Statutory Rape...............................................32 • Reckless Conduct. ................................................34 • Recklessly Burning or Exploding.....................................34 • Resisting Arrest...................................................35 • Retaliation.......................................................35 • Rioting..........................................................35 • Robbery.........................................................35 • Sexual Abuse.....................................................35 • Sexual Assault....................................................36 • Sexual Battery....................................................36 • Stalking.........................................................37 • Tampering with Consumer Goods....................................37 • Terrorism........................................................37 • Unauthorized Use of a Motor Vehicle.................................38 • Unlawful Imprisonment............................................38 • Vehicular Homicide. ..............................................39 • Vehicular Manslaughter............................................39 (G) Theft/Burglary/Receipt of Stolen Property–term of imprisonment at least 1 year. 39 • Theft/Receipt of Stolen Property. ....................................39 • Burglary.........................................................43 (H) Demand for or Receipt of Ransom (18 U.S.C. §§ 875, 876, 877, or 1202). 43 Maintained by: Lena Golovnin, Judicial Law Clerk Page 4 of 54 (I) Child Pornography (18 U.S.C. §§ 2251, 2251A, or 2252). 43 (J) RICO (18 U.S.C. § 1962) sentence of 1 year or more may be imposed for transmission of wagering info (18 U.S.C. § 1084)–for second or subsequent offenses and sentence of 1 year or more may be imposed or Gambling Offenses (18 U.S.C. § 1955)–sentence of 1 year or more may be imposed. .............................................44 (K)(i) Owning, Controlling, Managing, Supervising Prostitution Business (ii) Transportation for Prostitution if Committed for Commercial Advantage (18 U.S.C. §§ 2421, 2422, 2423) (iii) Peonage/Slavery/Involuntary Servitude (18 U.S.C. §§ 1581, 1582, 1583, 1584, 1585, 1588). ................................................................44 • For Commercial Advantage.........................................44 (L)(i) Gathering/Transmitting National Defense Information (18 U.S.C. § 793); Disclosure Classified Info (18 U.S.C. § 798); Sabotage (18 U.S.C. § 2153); or Treason (18 U.S.C. §§ 2381, 2382) (ii) Protecting Identity of Undercover Intelligence Agents (50 U.S.C. § 421) (iii) Protecting ID Undercov. Agents (Nationality Security Act of 1947 § 601). 44 (M)(i)Offense Involving Fraud or Deceit Causing Loss to Victim Over $10,000 (ii) Tax Evasion Exceeding $10,000 (IRS Code of 1986 § 7201). 44 (N) Alien Smuggling (8 U.S.C. § 1324; INA § 274(a) (1) (A) or (2)).. 49 (O) Improper Entry/Reentry By Alien Previously Deported for a § 101(a)(43) Offense (8 U.S.C. §§ 1325(a) or 1326; INA §§ 275(a) or 276).. 49 (P) Falsely Making/Forging/Counterfeiting/Mutilating/Altering Passport or Instrument (18 U.S.C. § 1543) or Document Fraud-term of imprisonment is at least 12 months (18 U.S.C. § 1546(a))........................................................50 (Q) Failure to Appear for Service of Sentence When Underlying Offense Punishable by 5 Years or More................................................................50 (R) Commercial Bribery, Counterfeiting, Forgery or Trafficking in Vehicles the ID Numbers of Which Have Been Altered–term of imprisonment at least 1 year. 50 • Counterfeiting....................................................50 • Forgery. ........................................................51 • Trafficking in Vehicles with Altered ID Numbers........................51 (S) Obstruction of Justice/Perjury or Subornation of Perjury/Bribery of Witness–term of imprisonment at least one year..............................................51 Maintained by: Lena Golovnin, Judicial Law Clerk Page 5 of 54 • Obstruction of Justice..............................................51 • Perjury..........................................................52 (T) Failure to Appear After Court Order to Answer Felony Charge–for which term of 2 years or more may be imposed. ...................................................53 (U) Attempt or Conspiracy to Commit Any of the Above Offenses. 53 Immigration and Nationality Act § 101(a)(43): (A) Murder, Rape, or Sexual Abuse of a Minor • Murder Note: There is little precedent on what constitutes murder under § 101(a)(43)(A) of the Act. However, existing case law has noted the importance of whether a state statute designates a crime as murder. Seale v. INS, 323 F.3d 150 (1st Cir. 2003) - Assault with intent to murder under Massachusetts
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