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Belize Criminal Code Chapter 101 Revised Edition 2011 Showing The BELIZE CRIMINAL CODE CHAPTER 101 REVISED EDITION 2011 SHOWING THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 2011 This is a revised edition of the Substantive Laws, prepared by the Law Revision Commissioner under the authority of the Law Revision Act, Chapter 3 of the Substantive Laws of Belize, Revised Edition 2011. This edition contains a consolidation of Amendments made to the law by Acts No. 35 of 2005 and No. 11 of 2006, Criminal Code [CAP. 101 3 CHAPTER 101 CRIMINAL CODE ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I General Provisions TITLE I Preliminary 1. Short title. 2. Commencement of Code. 3. General rules of construction. TITLE II Interpretation and General Explanations 4. Interpretation. Standard Tests for Questions of Criminal Liability 5. Establishment of standard tests for certain questions relating to criminal liability. The Standard Tests and the Keywords 6. Intention. 7. Knowledge. 8. Recklessness. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize 4 [CAP. 101 Criminal Code Proof of Intention, etc. 9. Proof of intention, knowledge, recklessness and foresight. 10. Negligence. 11. Causing an event. 12. Consent. 13. Fraud. 14. Threats. 15. Duress. 16. Definition of “person”. 17. Imprisonment with or without labour. TITLE III Attempts to Commit Crimes 18. Attempts. 19. Preparation for crime. TITLE IV Abetment and Conspiracy 20. Abetment of crimes. 21. One crime abetted, another committed. 22. Duty to prevent felony. 23. Conspiracy. 24. Punishment for conspiracy. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize Criminal Code [CAP. 101 5 TITLE V General Exemption From Criminal Liability 25. Infancy. 26. Insanity. 27. Intoxication. 28. Ignorance or mistake of fact or of law. 29. Abolition of presumption of marital coercion. TITLE VI Justifiable Force and Harm 30. Justification for force and harm. 31. Grounds on which force or harm may be justified. 32. General limits of justifiable force or harm. 33. Authority by statute. 34. Execution of a sentence or order of a court. 35. Authority to keep the peace or to preserve order. 36. Prevention of or defence against crime. 37. Defence of property, possession or overcoming obstruction of legal right. 38. Preserving order on board vessel. 39. Authority to correct child, or other similar person. 40. Consent to the use of force. 41. Interference by third persons. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize 6 [CAP. 101 Criminal Code 42. Additional force and harm. 43. Aid of other persons. PART II Particular Crimes TITLE VII Criminal Force to the Person Assaults 44. Common assault. 45. Aggravated assault. Rape and Like Crimes 46. Rape. 46A Deliberate or reckless spreading of HIV/AIDS. 47. Carnal knowledge of child, girl under sixteen years and female idiot, etc. 48. Mandatory life sentence for habitual sex offenders. 49. Procuration. 50. Procuring defilement of female by threats or fraud or administration of drugs. 51. Householder permitting defilement of young females on his premises. 52. Saving as to rape. 53. Unnatural crime. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize Criminal Code [CAP. 101 7 Kidnapping, Abduction, Forced Marriage, Abandonment and Incest 54. Kidnapping. 55. Child stealing. 56. Abduction. 57. Forcible abduction. 58. Compulsion of marriage. 59. Special provision as to abetment. 60. Abandonment of infant. 61. Test of relationship when incest charged. 62. Incest by males. 63. Incest by females of or over sixteen. 64. Prosecutions for incest. 65. Special provision for treatment and reporting of sex offenders. Definitions and Special Provisions Relating to the Matter of this Title Assault and Battery, Imprisonment 66. Kinds of assault. 67. Definition of assault. 68. Assault without actual battery. 69. Unlawful imprisonment. 70. Definition of common assault. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize 8 [CAP. 101 Criminal Code Rape and like crimes-Definitions 71. Rape defined. 72. Marital rape defined. 73. Evidence of rape, etc. 73A Deliberate or reckless spreading of HIV/AIDS defined. 74. Avoidance of marriage. Kidnapping, Stealing a Person and Abduction-Definitions 75. Kidnapping defined. 76. Stealing a person. 77. Abduction defined. 78. Special provisions as to abduction, etc. TITLE VIII Criminal Harm to the Person 79. Intentional harm. 80. Wounding. 81. Grievous harm. 82. Maim and dangerous harm. 83. Use of deadly means of harm. 84. Administering noxious matter. 85. Aggravation. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize Criminal Code [CAP. 101 9 86. Garrotting, etc. 87. Intentionally endangering train or vessel. 88. Throwing, etc., at a train. 89. Obstructing trains. 90. Interference with signals, etc. 91. Frauds endangering trains or vessels. 92. Abandonment likely to cause grievous harm. 93. Negligent harm. 94. Negligent wound or grievous harm. 95. Negligence by persons in charge of dangerous things. Definitions and Special Provisions Relating to the Matter of this Title 96. Kinds of harm. 97. Unlawful harm defined. 98. Causing harm by an omission. 99. Duty for preventing harm defined. 100. Duty to supply necessaries of health and life. 101. Explanations as to office, etc. 102. Exceptions from general provisions. 103. Surgical or medical treatment. 104. Hindering the saving of life. 105. Poison explained. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize 10 [CAP. 101 Criminal Code TITLE IX Criminal Homicide 106. Murder. 107. Attempt to murder. 108. Manslaughter. 109. Abetment of suicide. 110. Infanticide. 111. Abortion, miscarriage and child destruction. 112. Medical termination of pregnancy. 113. Conscientious objection to participation in treatment. 114. Injury to child at birth. 115. Concealment of body of child. Definitions and Special Provisions Relating to the Matter of this Title 116. Manslaughter defined. 117. Murder defined. 118. Diminished responsibility. 119. When intentional homicide is reduced to manslaughter. 120. Provocation defined. 121. When provocation shall not be admitted. 122. Mistake as to matter of provocation. 123. Mistake as to the person. 124. Special provisions as to causing death. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize Criminal Code [CAP. 101 11 125. Special provisions as to abetment. 126. Explanation as to a child. 127. Abortion. 128. Harm to a child at birth. 129. Concealment of child. 130. Exceptions as to surgical or medical treatment. 131. Jurisdiction. TITLE X Crimes Against Rights to Property Criminal Damage to Property 132. Destroying or damaging property. 133. Threats to destroy or damage property. 134. Possessing anything with intent to destroy or damage property. 135. Punishment. 136. Without lawful excuse. 137. Meaning of property. 138. Meaning of damage. TITLE XI Criminal Misappropriations and Frauds Theft 139. Basic definition of theft. 140. “Dishonestly”. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize 12 [CAP. 101 Criminal Code 141. “Appropriates”. 142. Consent by a wife. 143. “Property”. 144. “Belonging to another”. 145. “With the intention of permanently depriving the other of it”. 146. Theft. Robbery, burglary, etc. 147. Robbery. 148. Burglary. 149. Aggravated burglary. 150. Removal of articles from places open to the public. 151. Taking motor vehicle or other conveyance without authority. 152. Abstracting of electricity. 153. Obtaining property by deception. 154. Obtaining a money transfer by deception. 155. Dishonestly retaining a wrongful credit. 156. Obtaining pecuniary advantage by deception. 157. Obtaining services by deception. 158. Evasion of liability by deception. 159. Making off without payment. 160. Punishment. 161. Supplementary. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize Criminal Code [CAP. 101 13 162. False accounting. 163. Liability of company officers for certain offences by company. 164. False statement by company directors, etc. 165. Suppression, etc., of documents. 166. Frauds in sale of land. 167. Boundaries, documents and accounts. 168. Removing goods to evade legal process. 169. Frauds as to tickets, etc. 170. Blackmail. Offences Relating to Goods Stolen, etc. 171. Handling stolen goods. 172. Scope of offences relating to stolen goods. Possession of Instrument for Burglary, etc. 173. Going equipped for stealing, etc. Supplementary 174. Interpretation. TITLE XII Forgery 175. Forgery of documents and securities. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize 14 [CAP. 101 Criminal Code 176. Forgery of official documents. 177. Forgery above twenty-five dollars. 178. Forgery of passport. 179. Forgery of other documents. 180. Uttering false documents. 181. Claiming upon a forged document. 182. Possessing false documents. 183. Procuring, making, etc., of documents by force, etc. 184. False coin. 185. Uttering false current coin. 186. Possessing false current coin. 187. Making, mending or having possession of any coining tools a felony. 188. Forged or counterfeit coin, etc., to be delivered to the Governor of the Central Bank of Belize. 189. Punishment for selling medals resembling current coin. 190. Damaging
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