The Sexual Offences Act
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The Lost Women of Iraq: Family-Based Violence During Armed Conflict © Ceasefire Centre for Civilian Rights and Minority Rights Group International November 2015
CEASEFIRE centre for civilian rights Miriam Puttick The Lost Women of Iraq: Family-based violence during armed conflict © Ceasefire Centre for Civilian Rights and Minority Rights Group International November 2015 Cover photo: This report has been produced as part of the Ceasefire project, a multi-year pro- Kurdish women and men protesting gramme supported by the European Union to implement a system of civilian-led against violence against women march in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, monitoring of human rights abuses in Iraq, focusing in particular on the rights of November 2008. vulnerable civilians including vulnerable women, internally-displaced persons (IDPs), stateless persons, and ethnic or religious minorities, and to assess the feasibility of © Shwan Mohammed/AFP/Getty Images extending civilian-led monitoring to other country situations. This report has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of the publishers and can un- der no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. Ceasefire Centre for Civilian Rights The Ceasefire Centre for Civilian Rights is a new initiative to develop ‘civilian-led monitoring’ of violations of international humanitarian law or human rights, to pursue legal and political accountability for those responsible for such violations, and to develop the practice of civilian rights. The Ceasefire Centre for Civilian Rights is registered as a charity and a company limited by guarantee under English law; charity no: 1160083, company no: 9069133. Minority Rights Group International MRG is an NGO working to secure the rights of ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities and indigenous peoples worldwide, and to promote cooperation and understanding between communities. -
Douglas Sanders's Article
5th Asian Law Institute Conference National University of Singapore, May 22 and 23, 2008 377 - and the unnatural afterlife of British colonialism Professor Douglas Sanders Chulalongkorn University, Mahidol University sanders_gwb @ yahoo.ca, May 6, 2008 Article 377 of the Indian Penal Code of 1860 made “carnal intercourse against the order of nature” an offence. This provision, or something very close to it, is presently in force in all former British colonies in Asia with the exception of Hong Kong. Even the article number, 377, is repeated in the current laws in force in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Singapore, Malaysia and Brunei - as if it were a special brand name, all of its own. Sri Lanka, Seychelles and Papua New Guinea have the key wording from article 377, but different section numbers. Parallel wording appears in the criminal laws of many of the former colonies in Africa. Surprisingly, viewing the matter from Asia, the 377 wording was never part of the criminal law in Britain. 377 is an amazingly successful law – if we judge it by its geographical spread and its longevity. Soon it will be 150 years old. How was it formulated? How did it come to apply in Asia? What is its role today? 2 First, we have to look back to the reign of Henry VIII and the break of the English church from Rome. I BACK TO BUGGERY British criminal laws covering homosexual acts began in 1534. Legislation in the reign of Henry VIII, prohibited …the detestable and abominable Vice of Buggery committed with mankind or beast. -
Egypt: Situation Report on Violence Against Women
» EGYPT Situation report on Violence against Women 1. Legislative Framework The Egyptian constitution adopted in 2014 makes reference to non-discrimination and equal opportunities (article 9, 11 and 53). Article 11 is the only article that mentions violence against women, stating that: “…The State shall protect women against all forms of violence and ensure enabling women to strike a balance between family duties and work requirements…”. Article 11 states the right of women to political representation as well as equality between men and women in civil, political, economic, social and cultural matters. Article 53 prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender, and makes the state responsible for taking all necessary measures to eliminate all forms of discrimination. Egypt has ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), although with reservations to Article 2 on policy measures and Articles 16 regarding marriage and family life and article 29 . The reservation to Article 9 concerning women’s right to nationality and to pass on their nationality to their children was lifted in 2008. Egypt has signed but not ratified the Rome Statute on the ICC and is not yet a party to the Council of Europe Istanbul Convention on preventing and combating violence against women. Articles 267, 268, 269 and 289 of the penal code relating to crimes of rape, sexual assault and harassment fail to address the wave of sexual assault and rape in Egypt following the 2011 revolution. For instance, article 267 of the penal code defines rape as penile penetration of the vagina and does not include rape by fingers, tools or sharp objects, oral or anal rape. -
Marital Rape: Sacrosanct Or Covenant
Vol. 5(1), pp. 1-5, January 2017 DOI: 10.14662/IJELC2016.074 International Journal of English Copy© right 2017 Literature and Culture Author(s) retain the copyright of this article ISSN: 2360-7831 http://www.academicresearchjournals.org/IJELC/Index.htm Research Paper Marital rape: Sacrosanct or Covenant Atul Ratna (B.A. LLB 13) . E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 30 December 2016 “Marriage is a mosaic you build with your spouse. Millions of tiny moments create your love story”. -Jennifer Smith As a Girl grows and turns to a women among a lot of duty like taking care of the family and doing the household chores the Indian Society also demands her to get married; become someone’s wife to justify her life as a virtuous women. Marriage in India is done with or without the consent of the Girl. Completely ignoring the fact whether or not the Girl is ready mentally and physically to fulfil the marital obligation. The point of Dismay also lies in the fact that Most of the Men fail to understand the Depth of Marriage as an Institution and look upon their wives as objects to fulfil their Sexual needs. As a result the marriage loses its sanctity as a bond of love and togetherness and a woman loses her dignity to her husband in order to complete her duty as a wife. Marital Rape is basically the sexual intercourse which is forced by the Husband over his wife even when she is not willing to do the same. Marital Rape is mostly accompanied by Domestic violence and mental cruelty. -
Marital Rape: a Higher Standard Is in Order
William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice Volume 1 (1994) Issue 1 William & Mary Journal of Women and Article 8 the Law October 1994 Marital Rape: A Higher Standard Is in Order Linda Jackson Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl Part of the Criminal Law Commons Repository Citation Linda Jackson, Marital Rape: A Higher Standard Is in Order, 1 Wm. & Mary J. Women & L. 183 (1994), https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl/vol1/iss1/8 Copyright c 1994 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl MARITAL RAPE: A HIGHER STANDARD IS IN ORDER LINDA JACKSON* Marriage is the only actual bondage known to our law. There remain no legal slaves, except the mistress of every house.1 ... [H]owever brutal a tyrant she may be unfortunately chained to ... [her husband] can claim from her and enforce the lowest degradation of a human being, that of being made the instru- ment of an animal function contrary to her inclinations.2 John Stuart Mill It is very little to me to have the right to vote, to own property, etc., if I may not keep my body, and its uses, in my absolute right. Not one wife in a thousand can do that now.3 Lucy Stone Women, particularly married women, have advanced a great deal since the time of John Stuart Mill and Lucy Stone.4 Mill and Stone's concerns regarding marital rape, however, are jus- tified even today. -
Statutes of Limitation for Prosecution of Offenses Against Children (Last Updated August 2012)
Statutes of Limitation for Prosecution of Offenses Against Children (last updated August 2012) This compilation includes statutes that establish, toll, extend, or eliminate time limitations for charging criminal offenses relating specifically to child victims. Every statute included either specifically mentions child victims or makes reference to a statute that does. This is not a statutory compilation of all criminal statute of limitations laws. General statutes of limitations that apply to all crimes without specific reference to the age of the victim or children as a class of victims are omitted. Please feel free to contact NDAA for help in ensuring compliance with all of your jurisdiction’s applicable statutes of limitation. Table of Contents: TABLE OF CONTENTS:............................................................................................................................................... 1 ALABAMA .................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ALA. CODE § 15-3-5 (2012). Offenses having no limitation.....................................................................................4 ALASKA ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4 ALASKA STAT. § 12.10.010 (2012). General time limitations...................................................................................4 -
2012 Criminal Code (Amendment) Act 29 711
2012 Criminal Code (Amendment) Act 29 711 ARRANGEMENT OF CLAUSES 1. Short Title 2. Amendment of section 20 of principal Code 3. Amendment of section 50 of principal Code 4. Amendment of section 70 of principal Code 5. Insertion of new section in principal Code 6. Insertion of new sections in principal Code 7. Amendment of section 82 of principal Code 8. Insertion of new section in principal Code 9. Amendment of section 83 of principal Code 10. Amendment of section 87 of principal Code 11. Amendment of section 88 of principal Code 12. Amendment of section 95 of principal Code 13. Amendment of section 97 of principal Code 14. Amendment of section 99 of principal Code 15. Insertion of new sections in principal Code 16. Amendment of section 137 of principal Code 17. Amendment of section 175 of principal Code 18. Amendment of section 176 of principal Code 19. Repeal 20. Amendment of section 186 of principal Code 21. Amendment of section 187 of principal Code 22. Amendment of section 188 of principal Code 23. Insertion of new sections in principal Code 24. Amendment of section 189 of principal Code 25. Amendment of section 190 of principal Code 26. Amendment of section 194 of principal Code 27. Amendment of section 195 of principal Code 28. Amendment of section 198 of principal Code 29. Amendment of section 199 of principal Code 30. Amendment of section 203A of principal Code 712 Act 29 Criminal Code (Amendment) 2012 31. Insertion of new sections in principal Code 32. Amendment of section 205 of principal Code 33. -
Prohibitive Offense List
Prohibitive Offenses Offense Code Prohibitive Offense Type of Conviction CC2500 Criminal Homicide Any CC2502A Murder I Any CC2502B Murder II Any CC2502C Murder III Any CC2503 Voluntary Manslaughter Any CC2504 Involuntary Manslaughter Any CC2505 Causing or Aiding Suicide Any CC2506 Drug Delivery Resulting In Death Any CC2702 Aggravated Assault Any CC2901 Kidnapping Any CC2902 Unlawful Restraint Any CC3121 Rape Any CC3122.1 Statutory Sexual Assault Any CC3123 Involuntary Deviate Sexual Intercourse Any CC3124.1 Sexual Assault Any CC3125 Aggravated Indecent Assault Any CC3126 Indecent Assault Any CC3127 Indecent Exposure Any CC3301 Arson and Related Offenses Any CC3502 Burglary Any CC3701 Robbery Any CC3901* Theft 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3921* Theft By Unlawful Taking 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3922* Theft By Deception 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3923* Theft By Extortion 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3924* Theft By Property Lost 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3925* Receiving Stolen Property 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3926* Theft of Services 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3927* Theft By Failure to Deposit 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3928* Unauthorized Use of a Motor Vehicle 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3929* Retail Theft 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3929.1* Library Theft 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3929.2* Unlawful Possession or Retail or Library Theft Instruments 2 Misdemeanors CC3930* Theft of Trade Secrets 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3931* Theft or Unpublished Dramas or Musicals 1 Felony or 2 Misdemeanors CC3932* Theft of Leased -
The Battered Woman Syndrome, Self-Defense, and Expert
The Skeleton in the Closet: The Battered Woman Syndrome, Self Defense, and Expert Testimony by Victoria Mikesell Mather* I. INTRODUCTION The common practice of wife beating is a 'skeleton in the closet' of many families today. 1 In recent years, however, the public has focused much attention on the phenomenon of the battered woman, bringing the battering relationship and its consequences to the forefront of American social consciousness. The numbers are staggering: FBI statistics show that a husband or boyfriend beats a woman in the United States approxi mately every eighteen seconds; 2 other sources estimate that somewhere between two and six million women will be beaten by their mates each year; 3 and experts believe that between one-half and two-thirds of all marriages will experience at least one battering incident during the rela tionship.• The figures are somewhat speculative since wife beating is still • Assistant Professor of Law, St. Mary's University School of Law. University of Illinois (B.S., 1978; J.D., 1981; LL.M., 1987). The author extends special thanks to her research assistant, Peter Goebel, for his careful and patient work. 1. The author uses the terms wife and woman interchangeably in this Article because many female victims of battering are not married to their abusers, but live with them. 2. A wide range of such statistics are cited in Moore, Editor's Introduction, in BATTERED WOMEN 7, 13-14 (D. Moore ed. 1979), in J. FLEMING, STOPPING WIFE ABUSE 330-32 (1979), and in D. MARTIN, BATTERED WIVES 11 -14 (1976). 3. Waits, The Criminal Justice System's Response to Battering: Understanding the Problem, Forging the Solutions, 60 WASH. -
National Inquiry Report on Factors and Causes of Rape and Honor Killing in Afghanistan
National Inquiry report on Factors and causes of Rape and Honor Killing in Afghanistan Spring - 1392 Introduction In most societies, gender inequality and discrimination are one of the most prominent factors for violence against women that has resulted in an unequal position of women in the society than that of men. In Afghanistan, with regard to some undeniable facts that cause degradation of women in the society, and have affected part of their family and social life, we see that women are still faced with serious problems and various violence, and several cases of violence against women occur every day. A few of these cases are filed in the government institutions and civil institutions. Cases of honor killings and rape against women has been the most serious violations of human rights, and unfortunately a great range of the Afghan population is facing these kinds of accidents, as in recent years more people refer the commission to file so many incidences of such cases in the database of the. This phenomenon has become already a major problem for women in the country. Given this alarming situation, the AIHRC, launched the National Inquiry Program on honor killing and rape in August 1391. It covers incidences between 1390 and 1391. The purpose of this program is to provide a clearer and more precise picture of the situation of violence against women in the country, and fight against these problems, especially against these two very acute cases of violence against women. To fight violence against women implies a relatively higher level of social awareness, which constitute one another objectives of this program. -
Sexual Assault Statutes in the United States
Sexual Assault Statutes in the United States State Statute Physical Contact: Classification of Mental State Required Forcible Compulsion / Consent / Incapacity Element Breakdown Crime Alabama AL ST § 13A-6-61 Rape 1st degree: Rape 1st degree: no explicit mens rea Forcible compulsion 1 §13A-6-60 (1) He or she engages in sexual Class A felony requirement; general intent ; FORCIBLE COMPULSION. Physical force that overcomes §13A-6-61 intercourse with a member of the see Stokes v. State, 648 So.2d earnest resistance or a threat, express or implied, that §13A-6-62 opposite sex by forcible 1179 (Ala. Crim. App. 1994) places a person in fear of immediate death or serious §13A-6-63 compulsion; or (approving general intent as physical injury to himself or another person. §13A-6-64 (2) He or she engages in sexual necessary mental state). §13A-6-65 intercourse with a member of the Incapacity: §13A-6-65.1 opposite sex who is incapable of MENTALLY DEFECTIVE. Such term means that a person §13A-6-66 consent by reason of being suffers from a mental disease or defect which renders him §13A-6-67 physically helpless or mentally incapable of appraising the nature of his conduct. §13A-6-70 incapacitated; or (3) He or she, being 16 years or MENTALLY INCAPACITATED. Such term means that a person older, engages in sexual is rendered temporarily incapable of appraising or intercourse with a member of the controlling his conduct owing to the influence of a narcotic opposite sex who is less than 12 or intoxicating substance administered to him without his years old. -
Bjs Offense Codes
BJS OFFENSE CODES NCRP Variable 13 (Offenses) is reported using your state's own offense codes. Abt will re-code your state’s offense codes into the NCRP offense codes shown below. MURDER 010 AccessoryAfter the Fact, Murder 010 AccessorytoMurder 010 FelonyMurder 010 Murder 010 Murder AccessoryAfter the Fact 010 WillfulMurder 011 Assault and Battery by Force Likely to Produce Death 011 Assault and Batterywith Intent to Kill 011 Assault withIntenttoKill 011 Malicious Striking and Wounding with Intent to Kill 011 Murder,Attempted 011 Shooting with IntenttoKill 012 ConspiracytoCommit Murder 012 Murder,Conspiracy UNSPECIFIED HOMICIDE 013 Homicide 013 Homicide-WillfulKill 013 Unspecified Homicide 014 Unspecified Homicide, Attempted/Conspiracy VOLUNTARY/NONNEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER 015 Manslaughter with Intent 015 Nonnegligent Manslaughter 015 Pre-meditated Manslaughter 015 VoluntaryManslaughter 016 Voluntary/Nonnegligent Manslaughter, Attempted/Conspiracy 020 Causing Death by Operating Auto While Under Influence of Drugs or Alcohol 020 Manslaughter, Vehicular 020 Reckless Homicide, Vehicular 020 Vehicular Manslaughter 021 Manslaughter, Vehicular, Attempted 022 Manslaughter, Vehicular, Conspiracy MANSLAUGHTER - NON-VEHICULAR 030 Involuntary Manslaughter 030 Manslaughter 030 Manslaughter, Non-Vehicular 030 NegligentHomicide 030 Negligent Manslaughter 031 Attempted Manslaughter 031 Manslaughter, Non-Vehicular, Attempted 032 Manslaughter, Non-Vehicular, Conspiracy KIDNAPPING 040 Abduction 040 Aggravated Kidnapping 040 DetainingaFemale 040 DetainingPerson