Utodnesayco

A Magazine of the German Commission for UNESCO No. 3 | 2011

Germany’s  Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Contents

 –  Germany –  Germany –  A Responsible Partner  An Experienced Partner  A Forward-Looking  for the Heritage of  for World Heritage  Partner for World Heritage Management Challenges Germany Mankind CANDIDATE FOR THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE ISBN 978-3-940785-24-4 Old City of Sana’a, Yemen Berlin Modernism Housing Estates

Old Town of , Germany Stage Performance at Zollverein, Essen Message

Message from the Federal Foreign Minister

ixty years ago, the Federal Republic Wishing to make an active contribution Sof Germany became a member of towards resolving this question, in 2011 UNESCO. This was an important politi- Germany is once again standing for elec- cal step for the young Federal Republic tion to a seat on the UNESCO World which enhanced its international reputa- Heritage Committee for the first time in tion. Germany’s image abroad today has 14 years. We would like to share our ex- been shaped not least by its 33 World perience and expertise with partners. Our Heritage sites from to commitment during the last few decades Berlin’s . Together with includes German initiatives on protecting visitors to our country, we delight in central and important cultural sites these testimonies to the past which not around the globe, for instance within the only mark eras in Germany’s past but are framework of the Cultural Preservation of significance to European and world Programme of the Federal Foreign history. Office. This also includes our efforts to advance a future-oriented and academic Germany is very keen to preserve and development of the international cultivate World Heritage sites at home concept of World Heritage with the and abroad. For us, World Heritage World Heritage Studies programme at the means developing cultural and natural University of Cottbus. I hope this publi- sites with care and on a durable basis. cation provides you with an overview of The international community should take Germany’s diverse activities to protect on the task of preserving World Heritage the world’s Heritage. in a spirit of partnership. For only by uniting our efforts can we safeguard this I hope it makes interesting reading! heritage for future generations. The sites listed by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee are especially popular among Germans, who enjoy travelling and take a great interest in history. This in particu- lar highlights the challenge facing us: how can we reconcile the long-term preservation of World Heritage sites with the simultaneous rising demand for eco- Dr. Guido Westerwelle nomic and transport infrastructure? Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs

3 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Introduction by the President of the German Commission for UNESCO

n 2012 we will celebrate the 40th anni- nation. They convey the diversity and Iversary of the Convention for the Pro- uniqueness of World Heritage sites tection of the World Cultural and Natural worldwide. Heritage, which was initiated by UNESCO in 1972. Over the course of World Heritage sites are each unique, but these last 40 years, more than 180 mem- this does not mean that they should be ber states of the World Heritage Conven- condemned to a life in isolation. On the tion have agreed to recognize the contrary, from year to year they are col- outstanding cultural and natural sites of lectively forming a global and increas- their respective territories as the heritage ingly close-knit network. We are grateful of mankind. It is the greatest success and proud to be a part of this transbound- story to date in cultural cooperation ary cooperation in the spirit of UNESCO. between the nations of this world. Germany, an open-minded nation com- mitted to its international obligations, is The UNESCO World Heritage List is endeavoring to do justice to the special based upon mutual recognition and ex- demands imposed by the World Heritage change between the cultures of this world, Convention. Our focus, therefore, is not each being an equally significant compo- simply the implementation of the World nent of the collective history of mankind. Heritage concept in our own country, but Interstate cooperation transcends all cul- worldwide. Only collectively can we tural boundaries and is based upon a uni- continue to add to the success story versal concept of culture. Each member which began in 1972. state accepts the value of its own heritage as being on a par with any other and can It is my sincere wish that all our readers therefore bestow upon the heritage of gain an exciting insight into Germany’s others that same recognition which ulti- involvement in promoting the vision of mately nourishes the pride in its own. It World Heritage! represents the abdication of a piece of sovereignty in the spirit of international cooperation.

Germany has contributed to the imple- mentation of the World Heritage Con- vention for over 30 years. The German Walter Hirche World Heritage sites are outstanding ex- President of the German Commission for amples of the culture and history of our UNESCO

4 Contents

Utodnesayco

Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Message from the Federal Foreign Minister ...... 3 Introduction by the President of the German Commission for UNESCO ...... 4

Germany – Werner Wnendt A Responsible The Cultural Preservation Programme of the Federal Foreign Office Partner for the A Key Instrument in our Cultural Relations and Education Policy...... 8 Heritage of Mankind The German Delegation to UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee ...... 12 Rolf Mack, Hans-U. Caspary Biodiversity Conservation and Viable Tourism Sustainable Management of World Heritage Sites...... 14 • Cross-Border Protection of the World Heritage Site...... 17 Ingrid Schwoerer, Tanja Feldmann Sustainable Urban Development in Damascus and Shibam The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale . Zusammenarbeit Supports the Rehabilitation . of Historic Cities...... 18 Barbara Engels, Heike Britz Capacity-Building for World Germany’s Contribution to International Cooperation...... 20 • The Völklingen Ironworks ...... 22 • Muskauer Park – Park Muakowski ...... 23 • The Upper German-Raetian ...... 23 Hermann Schefers A Monastic Network across Three Continents World Heritage Partnerships – Abbey and Altenmünster of ...... 24 Stefan Rennicke The German Commission for UNESCO Supports Natural Heritage in Namibia Partnership with African National Commissions...... 27

5 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Germany – Birgitta Ringbeck, Barbara Engels An Experienced Partner Handle with Care! for World Heritage The Implementation of the World Heritage . Management Convention in Germany...... 30 Peter Ramsauer World Heritage Sites – Culturally Compact Germany...... 34 • : UNESCO World Heritage Information Centre...... 35 Dieter Offenhäußer “Central Point of Contact in an Orchestra of Many Players“ The Role of the German Commission for UNESCO in . UNESCO’s World Heritage Programme...... 36 • Exhibition: Magic Places ...... 37 • Treasures of the World – Humanity’s Heritage...... 40 Horst Wadehn Introducing the German Association UNESCO-Welterbestätten Deutschland e.V...... 41 • UNESCO World Heritage Day...... 42

. Germany – Johanna Leissner A Forward-Looking The Impact of Climate Change on Historic Buildings Partner for World and Cultural Property...... 44 Heritage Challenges Annette Froehlich, Mario Hernandez , Lutz Möller , Achim Roth The World Heritage Seen from the Universe The German Aerospace Center Supporting World Heritage Sites...... 46 Hermann Parzinger The Museum Island Master Plan...... 48 Petra Hedorfer Culture is Here to Stay...... 50 • Sustainable Tourism in the Wadden Sea World Heritage Site...... 51 • Sustainable Tourism in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of ...... 53 “I Brought the World to Cottbus“ Interview with Marie-Theres Albert...... 54 • World Heritage Studies...... 55 • The Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex – The Ruhr as Cultural Metropolis...... 58 Jolanta Nölle Zollverein in Schools The Zollverein School Programme...... 59 • denkmal aktiv – Cultural Heritage in Young Hands...... 59 • Studies in Paderborn...... 60

Publication Data, Acknowledgements...... 61 Photographs...... 62

6 Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

The Imam of Bantiguel is monitoring his pupils’ reading skills while they are reciting verses from the Koran, written in ink on polished wood tablets UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Werner Wnendt The Cultural Preservation Programme of the Federal Foreign Office

A Key Instrument in our Cultural Relations and Education Policy

The chapel in the ancient city of Naga, Sudan 8 Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

ermany’s cultural relations and vists and museum experts. These cul- Geducation policy is a key focus of tural objects have influenced the German foreign policy with which we culture of the regions or countries in can reach people’s hearts and minds question and have helped them find a directly. It helps to overcome cultural regional or national identity. dividing lines and to gain important and reliable partners in the world for our During its 30-year existence, around country. 50.2 million euro have been provided

The images of paradise in the Church of Curahuara de Carangas, Bolivia

One essential element is the preserva- for more than 2350 projects in 142 tion of cultural heritage, a matter of countries. great importance to the Federal Repub- lic of Germany, not only at home but In Afghanistan alone, around 5.8 mil- also worldwide. That is why in 1981 the lion euro were provided between 2000 Federal Foreign Office launched the and 2010 for a host of individual Cultural Preservation Programme, projects aimed, inter alia, at preserving which helps preserve valuable cultural the fragments of the Bamiyan Buddha sites around the world. It is celebrating statues, restoring the Babur Gardens in its 30th anniversary this year. Kabul as well as the old town in Herat.

This Programme is primarily used to The largest and best known project to fund projects to preserve cultural herit- date is helping to preserve the Angkor age in developing countries and emerg- temples in Cambodia, a UNESCO ing economies, as well as – to a lesser World Heritage site. extent – to conserve German cultural heritage abroad. These projects range The Cultural Preservation Programme is from the restoration and conservation of held in high regard abroad. historical buildings, the collection and documentation of oral traditions in mu- MinDir Werner Wnendt is Director- sic and literature to the basic and further General for Culture and Communication training of restoration workers, archi- at the Federal Foreign Office.

9 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

The following selection of pictures is intended to provide a brief over- view of what the Cultural Preserva- tion Programme of the Federal Foreign Office is intended to be: cultural relations and education 1 policy in the best possible sense.

1. The Sudan: the Hathor Chapel in Naga Naga was an important city in classical antiquity which was forgotten in the course of the millennia. Only now are scientists uncovering its remains.

2. Jordan: Mshatta Palace The Islamic Umayyad dynasty constructed impressive buildings in the Middle East which fascinate people to this very day. The walls of this Caliph palace in the desert built in the mid-8th century were secured and extended with specially fired bricks.

3. Bolivia: Images of paradise in the church of Curahuara de Carangas The church combines in a unique way South America’s ancient heritage with Spanish influences.

4. China: Christ Church in Qingdao The Chinese port Qingdao was a German protectorate from 1898 to 1914. Even today, old German architecture dominates the cityscape. The Christ Church in particular bears witness to this bygone era.

5. Cambodia: Angkor Wat Central Temple with pool used on ceremonious occasions The temple city Angkor, which has been on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1992, is one of the world’s most impressive cultural sites.

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11 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

The German Delegation to UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee

Cornelia Pieper

erwelle in November 2009. She is also national chair; from 2001 to 2005 FDP Coordinator of German-Polish Intersoci- General Secretary; since 2005 second etal and Cross-Border Cooperation and term as deputy national chair of the FDP. has been deputy national chairperson of 1990 to 1994 and April to October 2002 the Free Democratic Party (FDP) since Member of the Regional Parliament 2005. She has been chair of the FDP in of Saxony-Anhalt; 1990 to 1994 Vice- Saxony-Anhalt since 1995. President of the Regional Parliament of Saxony-Anhalt; April to October 2002 Pieper was born in Halle (Saale) and stud- chair of the FDP parliamentary group. ied applied and theoretical linguistics in Leipzig and Warsaw. In 1982 she gradu- Member of the German Bundestag from ated in Polish and Russian translation/ 1998 to May 2002 and since October interpretation. Until 1985 she worked as 2002; October 1998 to June 2001 deputy an interpreter in the tourism and cultural chair of the FDP parliamentary group and field, then as EDP staff member at a group spokesperson on research policy; television production company in Halle. group spokesperson of the Bundestag Minister of State From 1995 to 1996 she was executive Committee on Education, Research and director of the Humanist Association, Technology Assessment; February to Coordinator of German-Polish Intersoci- Berlin; from mid-1996 she worked as a October 2005 chair and from November etal and Cross-Border Cooperation freelance translator. Founding member, 2005 to October 2009 deputy chair of first chair and currently board member of the Bundestag Committee on Education, Member of the German Bundestag the Erhard Hübener Foundation, Saxony- Research and Technology Assessment. Anhalt. Member of the Free Democratic Cornelia Pieper was appointed Minister Party (FDP) since 1990. Since 1993 mem- Cornelia Pieper lives near Halle (Saale), is of State at the Federal Foreign Office by ber of the FDP National Executive; from married and has one son. German Foreign Minister Guido West- 1997 to May 2001 first term as deputy

Martina Nibbeling-Wrießnig

From then on, she focused mainly on Since 2009, Martina Nibbeling-Wrießnig politics, economics and communication, has represented German interests in ranging from Parliament activities to Paris as the Permanent Delegate of international law policies in the context of Germany to UNESCO. She is the Vice- the UN. The founding of the international President of the Western Group in the criminal court was her suggestion to the Executive Board, Acting Chair in the Ger- Foreign Minister. She worked a great man Commission for UNESCO, member deal on issues relating to South Korea, of the Education and Sports Council and Australia, Russia and the USA – where Head of the Delegation at many world she worked as an exchange official and conferences including the World Heritage at embassies – as well as on the Ukraine, Committee in Brasilia in 2010. She is a Belarus and the Balkan States. member of the jury at various press and film awards. She is a Christian and has As the Head of Cabinet of the Minister been married since 1984. Permanent Delegate of Germany to of State at the Federal Foreign Office, UNESCO she travelled to over 120 countries, Martina Nibbeling-Wrießnig stands for developed regional concepts and took dialogue and understanding, overcom- Ambassador Martina Nibbeling-Wrießnig, part in all EU-Mercosur, EU-Africa, ing political, geographical, cultural and born 1958, is a fully qualified lawyer with ASEAN and ASEM meetings for sev- religious barriers. She believes that expertise on international law. In addition eral years. She conceived a network of UNESCO provides the necessary forum she studied macroeconomics and political worldwide German Information Centres, to find common solutions in the interest science in Regensburg and Munich and at including one in Johannesburg, New of all in a globalised world. With her team, the university as well as at the Graduate Delhi, Mexico, Brasilia and Beijing, and she strives for this dialogue, including Institute in Geneva. After worked in her role as the Director of the Depart- dialogue for the conservation of both for UNEP in Nairobi and the Federal ment for Culture and Communication in listed World Cultural and Natural sites Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Berlin, she elaborated new cooperation and those who are not yet listed, and to Development, she began working for the concepts for countries in Africa, protect the populations of the countries Federal Foreign Office in 1972. America and Asia. in which they are located.

12 Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

Birgitta Ringbeck

Dr. Birgitta Ringbeck, born in 1957, gradu- UNESCO, the German World Heritage ated in History of Art, Archaeology and Foundation, the IUCN, ICOM and TICCIH. Ethnology in Muenster, Bonn und . She lectures at the University of Cottbus Her doctoral thesis was on the Baroque and University of Paderborn, mostly on architect Giovanni Battista Soria from World Heritage and World Heritage Man- Rome. She began her career at the Land- agement. She has participated in many scape Association of Westfalen-Lippe steering committees and experts’ groups, as a research associate, working on the such as the one that prepared the visual research project History of the German impact studies for the Cologne Cathedral Homeland Movement. From 1990 to and Istanbul Historic Peninsula, both 1997, she was Head of Department of World Heritage sites, as well as the one Preservation of Regional Traditions and that revised the UK Tentative List. Culture at the NRW-Stiftung, a foundation for the protection of nature, regional tradi- Her publications include papers on archi- tions and culture in Düsseldorf. tecture history, monument conserva- tion and the UNESCO World Heritage Since March 1st 1997, she has been the Convention (including the practical guide director of the Supreme Authority for the Management Plans for World Heritage Conservation of Monuments at the Minis- Sites, published by the German Commis- try of Construction and Transport in North sion for UNESCO). She is also a co-author Rhine-Westphalia; and since 2002, she of the Commentary on the North Rhine- has been a delegate of the Standing Con- Westphalian Law on the Protection and ference of the Ministers of Education and Management of Monuments (Wiesbaden, Cultural Affairs of the Länder in the Fed- 2009). In addition to her mother tongue, eral Republic of Germany at the UNESCO German, Birgitta Ringbeck speaks English, World Heritage Committee. She is a Italian and French. member of the German Commission for

Barbara Engels

Barbara Engels, born in 1973, is a gradu- World Heritage sites, accompanies legal ate biologist (Technical University of advisory projects about World Heritage Karlsruhe) and has a master’s degree in in various countries, organises and super- European Studies (Institute for European vises international experts’ meetings and Integration of ). She has been capacity-building events about World Her- working on international cooperation itage and represents Germany in regional issues regarding nature conservation, working groups about Natural Heritage. environmental protection and sustainable development since 2000. After having Barbara Engels is a member of the World trained and worked as a consultant at Commission of Protected Areas (WCPA), EURONATUR, a nature conservation of the International Union for the Con- organisation, as well as for the OECD servation of Nature (IUCN), as well as an (Organisation for European Cooperation elected member of the German Commis- and Development), she began working sion for UNESCO. She lectures on World as a scientist for the German Federal Natural Heritage at the University College Agency for Nature Conservation, where Dublin and at the Brandenburg University she has been working since 2002. of Technology in Cottbus.

She is the on-site expert for all issues In addition to her mother tongue, German, relating to UNESCO World Natural Herit- Barbara Engels speaks English, French age and has been a member of the Ger- and Spanish. man Delegation to the World Heritage Committee for six years. In the context of UNESCO World Heritage, she works on scientific projects to identify potential

13 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Rolf Mack, Hans-U. Caspary Biodiversity Conservation and Viable Tourism

Sustainable Management of World Heritage Sites

The Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park is known for its bizarre lime- stone caves 14 Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

Be it in the Amazon rainforests, in the marine conservation areas of West Africa or in the species- rich nature reserves of Vietnam, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (German society for international cooperation, GIZ) is involved in many partner countries for the protection of UNESCO World Heritage sites.

The Jaú National Park in the Amazon region is one of Illegal clearing and poaching are the main reasons for a the world’s largest intact areas of rainforest decline in the chimpanzee population in the Taï National Park

Brazil: With funding from the development bank tropical rainforest areas are the last re- Jaú National Park KfW, for example, equipment was pro- maining examples of the vegetation The Jaú National Park has been inscribed cured and monitoring stations were reno- which once covered the majority of West in the year 2000 on UNESCO’s World vated. Representatives of the park admin- Africa. Heritage List as a part of the Central istration attended training programmes to Amazon Conservation Complex. GIZ is learn how to carry out their management German development cooperation has working together with its Brazilian part- tasks efficiently. Alternative sources of been active in the protection of the Na- ners to expand the conservation area. income were created for the local popula- tional Park since the mid 1990s by means tion, for example in eco-tourism, in the of a community project driven by the The Jaú National Park in the Amazonas trading of local crafts and in the commer- GIZ and the KfW. The project works state of Brazil covers an area of 2.3 mil- cial use of some species of ornamental closely together with the Ivory Coast lion hectares and is one of the world’s fish. Long-term, a total of 60 million hec- park authorities on behalf of the German largest conservation areas with an intact tares of Amazonian rainforest is to be Federal Ministry for Economic Coopera- rainforest. With its diversity of land- placed under protection. tion and Development and supports them scapes from wetlands to hard forest in the performance of core tasks. The lo- floors, the park is home to innumerable cal population is also beginning to recog- species of plants and animals. Moreover, Ivory Coast: nize the value of park conservation. In the tropical rainforest serves as a natural Taï National Park order to prevent poaching and illegal for- storehouse for immense quantities of est clearing, the project is also promoting carbon dioxide. The Taï National Park in Ivory Coast has rural economic development: Around 80 been listed as a UNESCO World Herit- small-scale projects in the area provide Working on behalf of the Federal Minis- age site since 1982. It covers an area of an alternative source of income, particu- try for Economic Cooperation and De- more than 5,000 square kilometers in the larly to young people. Evaluation of sat- velopment, GIZ staff advised the local southwest of the country and is consid- ellite images shows that the vegetation of authorities on how to develop a manage- ered to be the most intact contiguous ev- the National Park has remained intact ment plan for the conservation area. ergreen natural forest in the region. The since 2000.

15 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Shallow coastal zones and small islands characterize the Banc d’Arguin National Park

Mauritania: on the implementation of modern man- zarre limestone cliffs and the immense Banc d’Arguin National Park agement methods. Annual budgetary diversity of species which it hosts. New and action plans together with a trans- species of animals are discovered regu- Listed by UNESCO in 1989, the Banc parent system of finance and accounting larly here, such as the Douc langur and d’Arguin National Park was the first lo- form the basic infrastructure for a pro- the Saola antelope. cation in Mauritania to be declared a fessional administration of the national World Heritage site. Sand dunes, shal- park. Funding from the KfW will also On behalf of the federal government, low, marshy coastal zones and small safeguard the park against exploitation the GIZ is working closely with the islands characterize the region, which by commercial fishing: modern power- provincial government and with the stretches along the Atlantic coast of boats, a radar station and refurbished Phong Nha-Ke Bang park administra- northern Mauritania. The area, compris- monitoring stations protect the park au- tion to minimize and contain the many ing around 12,000 square kilometers of thority workers in their surveillance of diverse threats which endanger the water-landscape, forms a stark contrast local fisheries. park region. One objective is to pro- to that of the neighboring Sahara. vide the local population with viable Vietnam: alternatives to forest clearing, poach- For the last decade, the GIZ has been Phong Nha-Ke Bang . ing and the illegal wood trade. Tourism promoting extensive measures for the National Park provides a great opportunity here as, long-term preservation of this unique already, 200,000 visitors travel to the ecosystem. Working on behalf of the The Phong Nha-Ke Bang National area to view the impressive limestone German Ministry for Development, the Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site caves in the park. German experts are GIZ advises the Mauritanian authorities in Vietnam, is best known for its bi- working together with the local author-

16 Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

Cross-Border Protection of the Wadden Sea World Heritage Site

he Wadden Sea runs for about 500 km protected this valuable ecosystem since Talong the coasts of Den- 1978. Today, almost the entire Wadden mark, Germany and the Netherlands and Sea coast is protected, in the form of na- is a marine area of outstanding interna- tional parks and nature reserves. tional importance. The great productivity and size of the Wadden Sea make it an The management of the Wadden Sea is ideal breeding ground for North Sea fish, a combination of the various countries’ and enable it to act as a turntable of bird national management systems and the migration – about 10 to 12 million birds Trilateral Wadden Sea Plan which is im- pass through this area each year. plemented by the responsible authorities. In June 2009, the Dutch-German Wad- It aims to achieve the full scale of habitat den Sea was inscribed on the UNESCO types which are characteristic of a . World Heritage List under criteria (viii), natural and dynamic Wadden Sea. The (ix) and (x) as the largest unbroken sys- Trilateral Monitoring and Assessment tem of intertidal sand and mud flats in Programme (TMAP) regularly assesses the world, with undisturbed natural proc- the status of the Wadden Sea’s ecosys- esses throughout most of the area. The tem and makes recommendations for World Heritage site comprises almost both its management and related poli- 10,000 km2. cies.

As the Wadden Sea is surrounded by a The Wadden Sea Plan is considered the significant population and its resources foundation upon which the outstanding are utilised for human uses, the long- universal value of the property is defined, term priority for its protection and con- in addition to acting as the base of its le- servation is an important feature of the gal protection on national and state lev- planning and regulation of use. Germany, els. Activities that are incompatible with the Netherlands and Denmark are work- its conservation have either been banned ing together in the context of the Trilater- or are heavily regulated and monitored to al Cooperation on the Protection of the ensure they do not have a negative im- Wadden Sea, and have managed and pact on the Wadden Sea.

ities to draw up viable concepts which will generate income for local inhabit- ants as well as conserve the environ- ment.

Dr. Rolf Mack has worked for the Deut- sche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) for the last 30 years. With a doctorate in agricultural biology, his actual work concentrates on the implementation of the Convention on Biodiversity (CDB). He is specialized in the field of protected areas.

Dr. Hans-U. Caspary works for the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) in Ivory Coast, where he assists the management of the Taï Park within the Program for econom- ic development in rural areas and biodi- The Opportunity to wade the field by foot when the tide is out gave the Wadden Sea its name versity (PRODEMIR).

17 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Ingrid Schwoerer, Tanja Feldmann Sustainable Urban Development in Damascus and Shibam

The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit Supports the Rehabilitation of Historic Cities

With careful treatment of the historic mudbrick houses, the famous view of the city of Shibam can be preserved 18 Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

With Germany’s support, the serious threat of losing its identity. The Shibam can be saved but only if groups historic cities and World Cul- objective is therefore to improve the representing different sections of the management of the historic city with the local population become involved and tural Heritage sites of Aleppo participation of its inhabitants and local acknowledge the value of their city and and Damascus in Syria are businesses. its preservation. being revitalized. Experts from the German society Deutsche Traditional story-tellers entertain chil- Many initiatives were sponsored, tradi- dren and bring meaning to historic loca- tional crafts were taught to young archi- Gesellschaft für Internationale tions, increasing awareness of the value tects and new opportunities for income Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) have of preserving their “old-town” identity. were created. The Yemeni Social Fund also participated in the devel- Residents receive advice and financial financed water and waste-water pipes. opment of historic cities in help in order to refurbish their houses ap- House-repairs to the mudbrick architec- propriately and cost-effectively. Bringing ture no longer presented a risk to prop- Yemen, initially in Shibam and together a number of small-scale busi- erty owners. There was therefore much currently in Zabid. nesses in an historic caravanserai offers elation when Shibam was awarded the potential for improved income. Tradi- Aga Khan Architecture Prize in 2007 for tional crafts create local employment op- the vitality of its community. Shibam sur- or over 30 years, the Federal Ministry portunities. Rehabilitated public spaces vived the massive flooding of Wadi Ffor Economic Cooperation and De- increase the quality of life in the historic Hadramaut in October 2008; the oasis velopment has promoted urban develop- city. All these measures contribute to pre- gardens are currently being recultivated. ment in partner countries. Working on serving the character of Damascus. behalf of the ministry, the GIZ supports projects in cities already listed as World Dr. Ingrid Schwoerer is a senior advisor Cultural Heritage sites, or which are ap- Shibam, Yemen in the Regionalization, Decentralization, plying for the UNESCO title, or whose Municipal and Urban Development historic heritage is perceived to be threat- By the year 2000, over half of the Unit, Governance and Democracy ened. In Nepal, the GIZ supported the 430-plus mudbrick houses in Shibam Department, Deutsche Gesellschaft für cities of Bhaktapur and Patan. In the were seriously damaged; ten percent had Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). Ukraine, the GIZ advises the city admin- already collapsed. The oasis city, situated istration of Lviv on the management of on the Incense Route in Wadi Hadramaut, Tanja Feldman is an urban specialist the World Cultural Heritage. In , has been a World Cultural Heritage site working in the sector project “Policy Ad- the city of Sibiu, nominated European since 1982 but was becoming increas- visory Services for Urban and Municipal Capital of Culture for 2007, is exploring ingly impoverished. The guiding princi- Development“, Deutsche Gesellschaft the opportunity for inclusion in the list of ple behind the GIZ project for historic für Internationale Zusammenarbeit World Heritage sites. urban development in Shibam was: (GIZ).

The concerns relate to the careful treat- ment of historic architectural fabric. Part- ner countries receive support for the exploitation of their cultural heritage in the form of instruments and methods per- taining to urban development in accord- ance with international standards. The aim is to empower the authorities, the lo- cal economy and civil society to provide their historic city with a future befitting its World Heritage status.

Damascus, Syria

With a history of more than 5000 years to look back on, Damascus was included into the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1979. Following many years of neglect, the historic city is today under- going intense revitalization.

Although many individual monuments are protected, the historic city is under GIZ experts have aided and supported the restoration of the Maruf Mosque in Shibam

19 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Barbara Engels, Heike Britz Capacity-Building for World Natural Heritage

Germany’s Contribution to International Cooperation

Workshops and training seminars for experts support in manage- ment and targeted promotion of projects in the partner countries are the core issues for international Cooperation in the area of UNESCO World Heritage. Germany is contributing to the implementation and further development of the World Heritage Convention.

Thanks to good German-Russian co-operation, construction of an oil pipeline in the Lake Baikal World 20 Natural Heritage site was prevented Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

ince 2005, the Federal Ministry for Kamchatka volcanoes (1996). One high- for globally threatened species such as Sthe Environment and the German light was the joint conference 10 Years of the tiger, Sumatran rhinoceros, elephant Federal Agency for Nature Conservation Russian-German Cooperation in and orangutang. Through the Federal (Bundesamt für Naturschutz, BfN), to- UNESCO World Heritage, which took Ministry for the Environment project, an gether with the UNESCO World Herit- place in Irkutsk on Lake Baikal in August important basis will be created upon age Center and the International Union 2006. which this ecosystem, with its rich diver- for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), sity of species, can be sustained. A forest have participated in several meetings of The Federal Ministry for the Environ- management system is currently being experts to discuss issues central to the ment also provides consultancy services established, which contains measures World Heritage Convention. Notable to the management of the World Natural for reforestation and is designed to fund events of the past few years include two Heritage site Western Caucasus; here sus- itself into the future through the preven- workshops of experts designed to address tainable tourism development has been tion of deforestation. the nomination and management of underpinned by a ministry-led project. A transboundary and serial World Heritage further project is currently supporting the One further ICI project will support Tan- sites. The results of these meetings, Ukraine and Slovakia in their implemen- zania in its conservation of the Eastern which have aroused considerable atten- tation of a strategy for sustainable use of Arc Mountains. The project includes the tion, have since entered into the current the environment in the UNESCO-World establishment of conservation areas in discussion process of the World Heritage Natural Heritage site Primeval Beech the mountain forests, income-generating Committee. A workshop focusing on ma- Forests of the Carpathians. initiatives and fire management. The ar- rine World Heritage took place in June eas of conservation established through 2010 and the results of this now form the International Climate the project are included in the Eastern basis for improved nomination and more Protection Initiative Arc Mountain Forests location which effective management of marine World Tanzania would like to nominate as a Heritage sites. With the International Climate Initiative World Natural Heritage site. (ICI), the Federal Ministry for the Envi- Further training for experts ronment is providing support to the Barbara Engels is Deputy Head of from Central and Eastern World Natural Heritage sites to manage International Nature Conservation in Europe adaptation to the effects of climate the German Federal Agency for Nature change. Similarly since 2009 the Federal (BfN). For many years, the BfN’s International Ministry for the Environment has been Academy for Nature Conservation on the financing a UNESCO World Heritage Heike Britz works for the German Baltic island of has been a central Centre project (Jakarta Office) in the Federal Ministry for the Environment, in-service training site in the area of tropical rainforests of Sumatra, Indone- Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety World Natural Heritage for experts from sia. The Natural Heritage site is a retreat (BMU). Central and Eastern Europe, from the Russian Federation and from the Newly Independent States. The Academy hosts regular training seminars for government representatives, heritage-site managers and for representatives of non-govern- mental organizations. Seminars target the specific training needs of the regions, e.g. the management of tourism in World Natural Heritage sites and the drawing- up of national proposal lists for future nominations. A network of heritage con- servation experts from Central and East- ern Europe has been successfully estab- lished.

One important element is the provision of support in preparing nomination dossiers for future Heritage sites. German-Rus- sian collaboration has resulted in suc- cessful nominations for the Natural Heritage sites Putorana Plateau (2010), Participants at the workshop of experts hosted by the Internationale Uvs Nuur Basin (2003), Curonian Spit Naturschutzakademie (the International Academy for Nature Conser- (2000), Western Caucasus (1999) and the vation) on the Baltic island of Vilm

21 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

The Völklingen he Völklingen Ironworks is open- some 350,000 enthusiastic visitors Ting its doors to the cultures of the from across the globe. Ironworks world. The exhibition “InkaGold – 3000 Jahre Hochkultur aus Südamerika” In the heart of the ironworks, the . European Center for Art and (“IncaGold – 3000 Years’ Advanced Science Center Ferrodrom® reenacts Civilizations from South America”) the world of iron and steel. The Völk- Industrial Culture displayed masterpieces from the Larco lingen Ironworks is the one remaining Museum in Peru. The current exhibi- example from the 19th century which tion, “Die Kelten – Druiden. Fürsten. has remained intact. The museum’s Krieger.” (“The Celts – Druids. Princes. industrial complex covers an area of Warriors.”) brings to life the world more than 600,000 square meters. of the Celts and the first heyday of 6000 meters of secured visitors’ paths iron-production in Europe. Every year, allow for an exciting tour through all the Völklingen Ironworks, a UNESCO phases of iron production. World Cultural Heritage site, attracts

The Völklingen Ironworks is the perfect base for the “Europäische Route der Industriekultur” (“Euro- pean Industrial Culture Trail ”)

22 Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

Muskauer Park, panoramic view from the Pücklerstein

Muskauer Park – he Muskauer Park (Park Mużakowski) In 1945, Pückler’s borderless and ideal- Tis a common German-Polish World ised natural landscape on the riverbanks Park Muakowski Heritage site and an example of cross- was split, and the eastern section was border cooperation for the conservation assigned to the Republic of Poland. of monuments. For over twenty years now, German and From 1815 to 1844, Prince Hermann Polish garden heritage professionals von Pückler-Muskau created a huge par- have been cooperating closely, gradually adise garden in the sandy Neisse valley. reuniting the disaffected areas of the The following owners of the park, Prince park and, at the same time, have brought Frederick of the Netherlands and the two states closer together. Pückler’s Traugott Hermann Count von Arnim- paradise garden has awoken from its Muskau, finished Pückler’s work and slumber to a truly borderless view! took care of it until World War II. .

The Upper n 2005, the Upper German-Raetian ILimes was inscribed on the UNESCO German-Raetian World Heritage List as part of the transnational property Frontiers of the Limes Roman Empire, thereby joining the Antonine Wall and the Hadrian Wall in Great Britain.

The Upper German-Raetian Limes is 550 km long. The World Heritage site covers 35 km2, making its management a challenge. This demanding task is dealt with thanks to international coop- eration in terms of research, touristic use, public relations and the protection of the World Heritage site with World Heritage partners in Great Britain. There is also close cooperation with European partners located along the Roman bor- der of the Danube, whose inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List is Roman tower on the Pulverberg in planned for the coming years. Bendorf-Sayn, Rhineland-Palatinate

23 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Sunday Mass at the Monastery Church of Geghard Hermann Schefers A Monastic Network across Three Continents

World Heritage Partnerships – Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch

Lorsch Abbey has set up an intercultural monastic network in the context of the UNESCO World Heritage Programme, including close partnerships with the Orthodox Monastery of Geghard in Armenia, the Buddhist Temple of Haeinsa in South Korea and the Benedictine Convent of St. John in Müstair in Switzerland. It is also possible that the Holy Village of Bantiguel in Guinea soon becomes an associate partner of the Network.

24 Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

he diesel generator has gone quiet Tand the dark velvety African night descends onto the Guinean mountains The Monastic Phenomenon on a December evening, embracing with its warmth the straw-roofed huts and the n many religions and cultures, clois- as learn about the cloister phenomenon beautiful mosque of Bantiguel, the Holy Itered communities are founded based in an open and cross-cultural manner? Village. Children, teenagers, young on the confinement of individuals. What would it be like if these places women, old women, the village men, They are surprisingly tenacious, when did not only disseminate information and even the elders, dressed in their re- one thinks of the many years – often and teachings to us? What if they were spectable boubous, sit huddled closely centuries – they have existed, and of also places of a living dialogue between together. In front of them, on a small their impressive long-term influence. cultures and religions, a place in which table, there is a laptop on which pictures Cloisters are places with a collective mutual understanding about what we of a strange world are displayed: snow- memory; they are the focal point of con- have in common is constantly reiterated covered mountains in Grisons and the solidation; places in which knowledge is despite strongly differing appearances? Convent of St. John in Müstair; the transmitted. They represent significant innovation centres, not only because Let’s extend the scope of our clois- rock-cut monastery of Geghard, sur- they house books and writing rooms, ters, so that we may gain access to rounded by towering cliffs in the Azat but also because they always offer an important culture techniques through Valley in Armenia; then, miles away, nu- alternative viewpoint to the one com- many paths, both as a synchronic and merous bowing monks in front of a monly accepted in their surroundings. a diachronic overview. Then, naturally, large Buddha statue in Haeinsa in South Cloisters are often centres of power the need to try it out oneself, to do it Korea; and finally, Lorsch Abbey in and economy; they are at the source of oneself, in the broadest sense of an Hessen in Germany. Gregorian music, decisive developments in entire cultural aesthetic encounter will follow – and sutra songs and Armenian hymns are landscapes; they shape mentalities and not only with something from the past. mingled with pictures of people, monks, moral concepts. In fact, the maintenance of a place that splendid architecture and landscapes. we repeatedly appropriate and the con- There are about 100 monasteries or servation of a monument we trust and cloister-like establishments that are know – our heritage – is something that Bantiguel is a Holy Village, an important listed as humans’ World Cultural Herit- we really must preserve for the future place for the Fulani people living here. It age. Just imagine what it would be like because it is really worth it. was founded in the 18th century by Is- if we developed some of them into lamic scholars and was provided for with places in which you could discover the Hermann Schefers supplies and protected by the surround- meaning of such communities, as well ing villages. Nowadays, the descendants of the founders still live there and tradi- tions are maintained with great spiritual earnest. Bantiguel is one of the many vil- lages in West Africa that is being consid- ered as an associate partner of a very special network of World Heritage sites from all continents, religions and cultures who all have something in com- mon: they are places in which the inhab- itants live a monastic or similar type of lifestyle.

The initiative for the network was launched in 2002 by Lorsch Abbey, a UNESCO World Heritage site which was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1991. Unlike its partners, Lorsch Abbey is not active anymore and it is a compli- cated place because practically nothing remains of the original complex. It is, however, the ideal location to sense what is really important: the idea of a monastic lifestyle beyond the rigid boundaries of Boys from Bantiguel reading and memorising Koran verses, written in ink on polished wood tablets religion and cultures.

25 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

The Path to a Culture of years old, to promote mutual ex- of Peace change and investigation. It is important orld Heritage sites are the that the Network partners be active reli- “Wideal places for intercultural Cloisters cross the boundaries of religion: gious communities, as opposed to reflection on cross-cultural phenomena, its inhabitants choose lives of ascetic se- Lorsch, who wishes to play the role of a whose similarities are to be reflected in clusion, contemplation and meditation – mediator and moderator in this process. specific human concerns. The strengths so this need is evidently characteristic of Bantiguel in the mountains of Guinea of a communication concept based on mankind. Moreover, another aspect could soon integrate this Network, even World Heritage sites are its multiple shared by all religions is their develop- though its chances of ever becoming a perspectives and its cross-cultural ment, across countries and generations, Cultural World Heritage site are slim. character. Ideally, modern educational and the construction of memory based on Despite this fact, the village’s inhabitants approaches, a museum-like presentation writings (but not exclusively so). Those are still very keen on such a community and the aura of a special historic place are the concerns of spiritual communities and both young and old show great inter- should unite, in a spirit of openness and in all populations, all religions, at all est in the Network – which is the ideal curiosity for the discovery of what is times of history. At the same time, such attitude for a cross-cultural dialogue known and understood, but that is seem- places of worship are also centres of based on the concept of World Heritage. ingly seen in an unfamiliar form. learning and innovation. ˮ The Network partners themselves are re- Hermann Schefers The Network aims to link as many of sponsible for deciding how to get in- them as possible, bringing together spir- volved in this dialogue. For example, itual communities that are often hundreds Haeinsa welcomes German school pu- pils every two years, so that they may enjoy the unique experience of a Bud- dhist temple – something none of those young boys or girls will ever forget! A scientific exchange about monument conservation has been set up with the Convent in Müstair; and the wonderful choir of the Armenian Monastery in Geghard is an excellent ambassador for its rich liturgical tradition. In the mean- while, private contacts have also been made through citizens’ involvement, tak- ing the form of mutual visits, the creation of associations and of a foundation.

Dr. Hermann Schefers is the Director of the UNESCO World Heritage site Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch.

Every two years, pupils from the UNESCO Associated School Hainberg- Gymnasium (Göttingen) experience Korean Buddhism in the Temple of Haeinsa. The Network of Cloisters promoted this trip.

26 Germany – A Responsible Partner for the Heritage of Mankind

Stefan Rennicke The German Commission for UNESCO Supports Natural Heritage in Namibia

Partnership with African National Commissions

Namib Desert, sand dunes in Sossusvlei

African countries are n 2010, the German Commission for engravings of Twyfelfontein have been underrepresented on IUNESCO was successful in its media- listed as UNESCO World Heritage. the UNESCO World tion for an application for funds from the German World Heritage Foundation on In the context of a workshop, Professor Heritage List. Within the behalf of the Namibia National Commis- Plachter advised the Namibia National framework of the Global sion for UNESCO. The funds will be Commission for UNESCO on how to Strategy for a Represent- used towards the elaboration of a nomi- elaborate Namibia’s Tentative List. Two ative, Balanced and nation dossier for the Namib Desert Natural Heritage sites were selected as (Southern Namib Erg). candidates for the World Heritage List: Credible World Heritage a region in the South of the Namib List, the German Com- In November 2009, following a request Desert and the Welwitschia Gravel mission for UNESCO made by Namibian colleagues, the Ger- Plains. With the support of the German supports partner coun- man Commission for UNESCO sent Commission for UNESCO, Namibia ap- Harald Plachter, Professor of Nature plied for funds from the German World tries in Africa in their Conservation at the University of Mar- Heritage Foundation for the elaboration preparation for nomina- burg, to Namibia to provide advice on the of its dossier on the Namib Desert. In tion proposals. matter. The aim of the trip was to provide December 2010, the Foundation accept- support to the Namibia National Com- ed the application. mission for UNESCO in choosing fur- ther World Heritage sites, especially The Hanseatic towns of and Natural Heritage sites. Currently, Na- founded the German World Her- mibia only has one site on the World itage Foundation in 2001. The aim is to Heritage List. Since 2007, the rock promote a balanced World Heritage List

27 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

The National Commissions from Lesotho, Madagascar, Mali, Namibia and Rwanda took part in the kick-off workshop of the German Commission for UNESCO's Partnership Programme in June 2008 in Bonn

and, most especially, help poorer states nations are a priority. The State Parties to UNESCO Associated Schools Project conserve endangered World Heritage the World Heritage Convention are Network. The focal point in 2010 was sites. The Foundation has already estab- called to participate in the implementa- to strengthen National Commissions lished several partnerships with World tion of the Global Strategy. Germany has for UNESCO in post-conflict countries Heritage sites in Eastern Europe, the Bal- taken up the call. in Sub-Saharan Africa. Since 2008, the kans and the Baltic states. German Commission for UNESCO has The Africa Programme of organised eight Capacity-Building The Global Strategy the German Commission Workshops, in which 46 African Na- for UNESCO tional Commissions participated. Fourteen African World Heritage sites are on the List of World Heritage in Dan- Dr. Stefan Rennicke is Head of the Divi- ger. With 41 %, Africa has the highest The initiative launched by the German sion of the Public Private Partnership of percentage of endangered sites of all con- Commission for UNESCO to support the German Commission for UNESCO tinents, but then again it only represents Namibia was carried out in the context and of the Cooperation with African 9 % of the World Heritage sites, which is of partnership programmes with Afri- National Commissions. very little. can National Commissions. The pro- gramme is promoted by Aktion Afrika, UNESCO recognises all cultures of the set up by the Federal Foreign Office, world as equal, so the most significant with the support of the UNESCO Head- representations of all cultures should be quarters in Paris and the UNESCO represented in a balanced fashion on the Office in Africa. In addition to the Ger- World Heritage List. This is the aim of man-African cooperation to implement the Global Strategy. The following ob- the World Heritage Convention, the jective is specifically expressed: “Crucial Africa Programme of the German Com- to the Global Strategy are efforts to en- mission for UNESCO aims to strength- courage countries prepare Tentative Lists en National Commissions in Africa, and nominations of properties from cat- create networks and cooperate in the egories and regions currently not well- UNESCO Programmes Education for represented on the World Heritage List”. Sustainable Development and Man and Furthermore, Natural Heritage site nomi- the Biosphere, as well as in the

28 Germany – An Experienced Partner for World Heritage Management

Tree in Brazil UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Birgitta Ringbeck, Barbara Engels Handle with Care!

The Implementation of the World Heritage Convention in Germany

We have not received our In close relation to the World Heritage Heritage from our forefathers Convention, at the UNESCO General Conference on November 16th 1972 the free of charge – it was simply Recommendation concerning the Protec- lent to us, to be safeguarded tion, at National Level, of the Cultural for future generations. Our and Natural Heritage was adopted. This precept when dealing with Recommendation deserves close atten- tion. It describes the framework condi- historical Heritage should be tions for definitions, legislation, the “Handle with Care: (World) organisation and procedure for monu- Heritage!” just as stated by ment and nature conservation. At the the labels on fragile packages time, these framework conditions were written into the amended monument con- that are sent across long servation laws, nature conservation laws, distances. as well as in many other country-wide laws or those of various federal states, such as the Building Code, Regional his year, the Federal Republic of Ger- Planning Act and the Environmental Im- Tmany is celebrating the 35th anniver- pact Assessment. sary of its signing of the Convention for the Protection of World Cultural and The German Implemen- Natural Heritage. On November 23rd tation of the Convention 1976, the ratification instrument was handed to the General Director of For matters in the World Heritage Con- UNESCO. Thus, Germany became an of- vention relating to Natural Heritage, the ficial State Party to the World Heritage responsible authority in Germany is the Convention. From the very beginning, Federal Ministry for the Environment, from Germany with high natural values German experts and diplomats partici- Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety was carried out for the UNESCO World pated in the elaboration of the Conven- (Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Natur- Heritage Convention, which is the basis tion on an international level. schutz und Reaktorsicherheit, BMU). On for German Natural Heritage nomina- the level of the federal states, the respon- tions. The BMU and the BfN actively With the Announcement of the Conven- sible authorities are the states’ own Na- supported the nomination of the Wadden tion for the Protection of World Cultural ture Conservation Offices. The BMU Sea as a Natural Heritage site, as well as and Natural Heritage on February 2nd nominates an expert who represents Ger- the extension nomination of the Ancient 1977 in the Federal Law Gazette, this many in the World Heritage Committee. Beech Forests of Germany. international legal instrument entered In addition, the ministry is particularly into force in the Federal Republic of committed to international cooperation The federal states in Germany are respon- Germany. In 1989, the World Heritage for the conservation of Natural Heritage. sible for the protection and conservation Convention became legally effective in It receives support from the Federal of Cultural Heritage. They have the right the nine new federal states from the Agency for Nature Conservation (Bun- to propose Cultural Heritage sites for the former German Democratic Republic, desamt für Naturschutz, BfN) that sets up German Tentative List. Moreover, they who had already ratified the Convention research projects and deploys experts, are responsible for fulfilling the require- in 1988 but had not been able to enter any thus gaining knowledge of nature conser- ments linked to the inscription of sites as sites on the World Heritage List until the vation issues. Thus, in 2005, a national UNESCO Cultural Heritage. The coordi- reunification of Germany. screening study of potential nominations nation between the federal states is the

30 Germany – An Experienced Partner for World Heritage Management

The was one of the first twelve Cultural and Natural Heritage sites to be responsibility of the Standing Confer- challenge, because World Heritage sites inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1978 ence of the Ministers of Education and undergo dynamic development process- Cultural Affairs of the Länder in the Fed- es. The importance of management plans eral Republic of Germany, located in has been demonstrated. They became Bonn. It is responsible for liaising be- mandatory for World Heritage sites on tween the federal government and the February 1st 2005, when the Operational states for foreign cultural policies and for Guidelines for the Implementation of the international and European cultural af- World Heritage Convention entered into fairs. The Standing Conference collects force. A management plan that focuses all the proposals for the World Heritage on specific aspects and on the framework List from the Länder, compiling them conditions is required and it is the into a German list. It also nominates the binding foundation to preserve the ex- delegates for Culture at the UNESCO traordinary universal values of a World World Heritage Committee. Heritage site. As an integrated planning and action concept to define objectives Germany has set the highest standards and measures, the management plan is when it comes to the conservation of its the best guarantee for the involvement of World Heritage sites. However, the task all players and the preservation of the of conservation sometimes presents a big sites’ existence and significance. In order

31 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

the Earth as the Heritage of Mankind and that of future generations, independently of state borders. The World Heritage Convention of 1972 has become a forum in which the global community defends its common Cultural and Natural Herit- age and has proven to be a successful platform for this activity.

The World Heritage List’s Universal Claims

The prestige of the World Heritage List is not only the result of its credibility and expertise in the selection of the sites. It is based on the universal claim to rep- resent all cultures in a balanced fashion and thus create a rich kaleidoscope from National Park is one of the Beech woods that Germany nominated for the all the cultures in the world. Due to the World Heritage List fact that all sites benefit from the pres- tige of the World Heritage List, whether they have already been inscribed on the List or strive to be, it is important to to assist the German World Heritage sites, identification and is now a brand that acts make sure that these locations do not the German Commission for UNESCO as a tourist magnet. become victims of their own success. has published some guidelines, Manage- ment Plans for World Heritage sites. Soon, another milestone will have been That is why Germany will contribute reached: in 2012, the Convention will be towards ensuring that the global strategy In What Sense Has the 40 years old, which coincides with the for a sustainable perpetuation of the World Heritage Convention predicted inscription of the 1,000th World Heritage List is successful and Been Successful? World Heritage site. The Federal Repub- that a balance between national interests lic of Germany might be able to celebrate and international perspectives is reached. The World Heritage Convention is the its 40th World Heritage site inscription. The guiding principles during member- most visible and successful UNESCO On the German Tentative List, there are ship in the Committee are: the strict ap- programme. Its success is highlighted by several sites that have been put forward plication of the concept of extraordinary the number of countries to have ratified in the context of cross-border, serial universal value and attention to the the Convention: 187 out of the 193 nominations (clusters) for the World Her- equality and representation of all cul- UNESCO member states have signed it. itage site List, such as the Houses at the tures. Important aims include the sus- The World Heritage List currently com- Weissenhof-Siedlung by Le Corbusier in tainable development of the World Her- prises 911 sites in 151 countries. Thanks Stuttgart, the Prehistoric Pile Dwellings itage sites, paying particular attention to to this list, an instrument has been creat- around Lake Constance in Bavaria and the impact of climate change, raising ed to fill a gap that existed in all other Baden-Wuerttemberg and the Ancient awareness and capacity-building, espe- international resolutions, recommenda- Beech Forests in , Thuringia, cially for younger generations. tions and charters to conserve both built Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Western and natural Heritage. The World Heritage . Serial nominations are a Germany actively supports the Global List has significantly contributed towards form of international cooperation, which Strategy for a Representative, Balanced the effect of the Convention on the public demonstrate the future viability of the and Credible World Heritage List. The and to its worldwide success. Protection, World Heritage Convention. fast growth of the World Heritage List in preservation and maintenance are not de- the past twenty years led to a worrying manded by the World Heritage Conven- They also make the idea behind the imbalance in terms of the geographical tion in a restrictive manner; instead, these World Heritage Convention clear: it links locations and type of sites. Thus, both actions are recommended and highlight- both culture and nature conservation, on a national and international level, ed. The World Heritage site title has be- based on the principle that all cultures are projects have been launched and come an important instrument of cultural equal and pinpoints extraordinary sites of measures taken, following the five Cs

32 Germany – An Experienced Partner for World Heritage Management

principle, standing for Credibility, Con- man Commission for UNESCO advised servation, Capacity-Building, Commu- Namibia on the selection of suitable nication and Community. This is how candidates for the World Heritage List Germany contributes towards strength- and also provided financial support. ening the credibility of the World Herit- age List, promoting the conservation of Germany’s Further Training World Heritage sites, capacity-building, Courses on World Heritage awareness-raising and involving civil Management society. In addition to the support provided to Screening for Potential countries in their preparation of nomina- Natural Values tion dossiers for future World Heritage sites, the management of World Herit- Like many other densely-populated age sites is the focus of international State Parties to the World Heritage Con- cooperation. In several partner coun- vention, Germany is mostly represented tries, projects for improved World Herit- Management Plans for by Cultural Heritage sites on the World age Management are carried out with World Heritage Sites Heritage List. So in comparison with the help of German authorities, univer- Cultural Heritage, Natural Heritage is sities and institutions, such as the Ger- Management plans represent the underrepresented. That is why, as a reac- man World Heritage Foundation. Train- central planning instrument for the tion to the Global Strategy, the Federal ing courses are mainly aimed at those in protection, use, conservation and Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) charge of World Heritage sites to sup- successful development of World launched the Research and Develop- port them in the management of the Heritage sites. This guide offers ment project Screening for Potential sites. Issues raised in the further training support in developing management Natural Values for the UNESCO World sessions include: the elaboration of plans to those involved with World Heritage Convention in 2006, to dis- management plans, reporting in the con- Heritage. It provides answers to questions pertaining to the content, cover potential World Natural Heritage text of the Convention, the sustainable structure, and presentation of a candidates. From a total of 63, seven development of tourism, and land usage management plan. Furthermore, were identified as potential candidates. options. this publication offers the reader examples of management plans The screening of adequate sites was per- A contribution that is worthy of mention from Germany and other countries, formed in accordance with the principle is the training course carried out by the as well as a bibliography for further that a proposal should be made by BfN at the International Nature Conser- reference. means of regional initiatives, as per the vation Academy on the Island of Vilm. Operational Guidelines of the World The participants came from Central and Published by the German Commis- Heritage Convention that recommends Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Cau- sion for UNESCO, Bonn 2008. such participation. The following crite- casus and the Russian Federation. The ria were used to assess the proposals: subjects of the training sessions were: extraordinary universal value, the integ- the harmonisation of Tentative Lists, the rity of the site and the current state of elaboration of nominations and World conservation, thus using the relevant Heritage site management. standards of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Dr. Birgitta Ringbeck is the delegate of Amongst others, this project led to the the Standing Conference of the Ministers proposal of the international serial ex- of Education and Cultural Affairs of the tension application for the World Herit- Länder in the Federal Republic of age site Primeval Beech Forests of the Germany at the UNESCO World Herit- Carpathians, with the site Ancient Beech age Committee. Forests of Germany Barbara Engels is Deputy Head of The study for potential Natural Heritage International Nature Conservation in the sites in Germany was the model for the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. identification of potential World Herit- age sites in Namibia. In 2010, the Ger-

33 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

World Heritage Sites – Culturally Compact Germany

show examples of our rich and diverse Their role as tourist magnets is reaf- country. This is the product of the care- firmed and developed. The local hospi- ful selection of sites from the countless tality industry and trade profit from range of German cultural heritage, these efforts. Thanks to these invest- choosing the locations that are the most ments, there is increased demand for significant and unique to help the pub- crafts and building. All this is most cer- lic experience the richness of our land. tainly important. Of course, the preservation of these outstanding places is a demanding task, But there is another aspect which is just especially as, thanks to their inscrip- as important: the non-material gains. tion on the World Heritage List, they Visitors from abroad learn something of have received increased public atten- the character and soul of our country tion. That is why the German Govern- and people through the World Heritage ment views the preservation, protec- sites, and we Germans see our own his- tion and conservation of German World tory and identity reflected in them. Heritage sites as a national duty, pro- Thus, our World Heritage sites promote viding 150 million euro for this task in a feeling of identity, which can only be 2009. With these funds, the Govern- considered positive in times of pro- ment aims to support the various fed- gressing globalisation, because self- eral states, municipalities, bodies and confidence alone can help people meet ermany is a country of great cul- foundations (also a product of the his- others with an open mind and open Gtural diversity. The history of our torical variety of our cultural state) that arms. regions and their inhabitants is just as were originally in charge of protecting diverse as our landscapes are. A sig- and maintaining the sites. Our funding programme for our World nificant characteristic of our country is Heritage sites is an important contribu- the political autonomy of even the Although it was under pressure to cut tion towards the preservation of our smallest of our territories, going back costs in 2010, the German Government architectural heritage for future genera- hundreds of years. In short, one thing is still managed to provide a further 70 tions. Playing a part in this project is clear: it is not easy – impossible, even! million euro for this purpose. In the thoroughly admirable and delightful. – to make generalisations about Ger- meantime, 215 projects have received Yours sincerely, many and it is just as impossible to funding at the 33 World Heritage sites, give a general definition of what a typ- and they are currently being carried out. ical German is. Thus, the famous stone bridge in Re- gensburg is being renovated, town The best way to discover Germany’s houses are being refurbished in Stral- diversity is to experience it by looking sund, the surroundings of the Cologne at everything, in all directions, and Cathedral are being redesigned and then to put all the little puzzle pieces measures are being taken to make re- together to create a general portrait of pairs at the Zollverein. The first project the country. This is not only true for deadlines have already been announced. foreign visitors, but also for Germans. What is to be gained through these in- I believe that one of the main roles vestments? Of course, tangible results Dr. Peter Ramsauer played by our 33 World Heritage sites can be seen: the World Heritage sites Federal Minister of Transport, Building and is to highlight special sites in order to are maintained and improved. Urban Development

34 Germany – An Experienced Partner for World Heritage Management

Regensburg: UNESCO World Heritage Information Centre

The Salzstadel in the Old Town of Regensburg

n important aim of the German opportunities. The Salzstadel was . over 300 metres. It is one of the earliest A Government’s investment pro- originally built to store salt in the 17th cen- Romanesque bridges to have been built gramme for German UNESCO World tury; currently, it is being converted to following a Roman model. Along with Heritage is to transmit the concept of house the World Heritage Information the Regensburg Cathedral, this stone World Heritage to a wide public. The Centre, with funds from the investment bridge is one of the Bavarian town’s creation of an excellent centre in the programme. emblems. The bridge’s historical stone- Salzstadel in the World Heritage site work will also be renovated with funds Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtam- In its close vicinity there is a Roman- from the investment programme. hof will open up new communication esque stone arch bridge which measures

he German Bundestag summons the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany to conserve and use Germany’s architectural “Theritage by means of the UNESCO World Heritage Programme and the Joint Federal and State Government Programme for the Preservation of Historical Buildings, in order to protect and develop the identities of historical towns and cultural landscapes and to increase public awareness about them.ˮ

German Bundestag, Recommendation and Report of the Committee for Culture and Media, September 13th 2010

35 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Dieter Offenhäußer “Central Point of Contact in an Orchestra of Many Players”

The Role of the German Commission for UNESCO in UNESCO’s World Heritage Programme

36 Machu Picchu Germany – An Experienced Partner for World Heritage Management

No other UNESCO Programme has such a high publicity profile in Germany as that of World Heritage. 70 percent of all press reports relating to UNESCO address the subject of World Heritage. For media inquiries, or queries pertaining to the World Heritage logo, or in cases of conflict relating to World Heritage, the German Commission for UNESCO is the first point of contact.

lease help us save our church Commission is the first point of contact Almost 70 percent of all UNESCO-re- “Ptower.” – “The owner of the row for all questions relating to World Herit- lated articles in newspapers, journals of houses to the left of my window age. The numerous proposals for nomi- and online publications address the claims he can replace the courtyard- nations are also voiced and debated, World Heritage issue. The programme is facing windows of the apartments and in some at a local and some at a national successful, visible and popular. the stairwell!” – “What is the role of level. The German Commission for your commission if the Amazon rainfor- UNESCO plays a leading role in the im- Interest in World Heritage has not only est is not recognized as a World Herit- plementation of the World Heritage grown over the past few years, but has age site?” – Questions, advice and Programme in Germany. broadened in scope: As well as monu- complaints on the subject of World Her- ment conservators and politicians with itage are addressed to the German Com- In Germany, the World Heritage Pro- an interest in the subject, members of mission for UNESCO on a daily basis. gramme gets more public attention than parliament and politicians from the var- For many, particularly for the media, the any other UNESCO programme. ious ministries at national, state and

Exhibition: Magic Places

Gasometer in Oberhausen

agic Places – Natural and Cultural The Inca town of Machu Picchu and art as well as artistic talent, awakening MMonuments is an exhibition which the Borobudur Temple Compounds are all the visitors’ senses and transmitting takes visitors on a journey to the most Magic Places that cast a spell on people the pleasure of discovery and aes- splendid natural and cultural monu- from all cultures. Spectacular pictures thetic enjoyment to the public. ments in the world. Over 80 fascinating of mountainous landscapes, jungles photos, works of art and finds from and deserts reflect the magic of Natural This exhibition was organised in coop- natural history demonstrate the myriad Heritage. Every Magic Place has its own eration with the German Commission and great variety of UNESCO World hidden myths, legends and stories. . for UNESCO and will be open from Heritage. The exhibition links different viewpoints, April 8th to December 30th 2011 at the such as that of natural history, history of Gasometer Oberhausen.

37 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Image of UNESCO in Germany In 2010, 4,427 reports were published relating to UNESCO and the German . Commission for UNESCO, in 40 selected German print media. Almost 70 percent of all published articles relating to UNESCO address the subject of World Heritage.

UNESCO in General: 307 Articles n a conceptual level, the World Education: 243 Articles “OHeritage List can be described as a success. Many view it as a first Sciences: 219 Articles approach to global cultural politics. It reflects the modern belief that all cultures are equal. The core of its pro- Culture: 489 Articles gramme goes even further, though: the outstanding manifestations of man’s cul- Communication: tural creations and the splendid natural 94 Articles landscapes of our planet do not belong to the states in which they are located World Heritage: – they belong to humankind as a whole. 3,075 Articles Furthermore, they are common heritage for future generations. This conceptual step is very far-reaching, because it breaks the notion of culture and nature away from that of a nation. The need for this separation is one of the important community level, town and country such as the International Berlin Con- th lessons of the 20 century. One must planners, nature conservationists, entre- gress for Periodic Reporting in Europe, respect the following difficult but salu- preneurs and, not least of all, tourism which was held in the autumn of 2005 tary principle: precisely what makes us experts, are all increasingly expressing and, in 2007 the European congress: most proud due to its high value and an interest in World Heritage. UNESCO World Heritage sites in Eu- meaning cannot be owned. rope – a Network for Cultural Dialogue The German Commission for UNESCO and Cultural Tourism held in Lübeck, or, The Cultural and Natural Heritage of is the central point of contact for the in 2009, the International Conference this planet present a vehicle of mutual public in this vast orchestra of players. World Heritage and Cultural Diversity – perception and understanding. They It offers a generic platform for all active Challenges for University Education give each one of us the opportunity to participants and stakeholders in World held at the UNESCO Chair of Heritage learn more about ourselves and other Heritage in Germany: ICOMOS (Inter- Studies in Cottbus. cultures in their manifestations. national Council on Monuments and Sides), the German association It produces and publishes specialist pub- The World Heritage Convention of 1972 UNESCO-Welterbestätten Deutschland lications such as the Welterbe-Manual did not only give us a feeling for the e.V., the German Foundation for Monu- (World Heritage Manual), a handbook importance of presenting the global ment Protection, the UNESCO Chairs – now in demand globally for the imple- community with its own cultural herit- these are all represented in the German mentation of the World Heritage Con- age: it also provided a future-oriented Commission for UNESCO, as too are vention in the German-speaking region, platform for its improved conservation.ˮ responsible ministries and agencies or the guideline: Management Plans for Dr. Roland Bernecker, Secretary- such as the Foreign Office, the Commis- World Heritage Sites – a practical guide. General of the German Commission sioner for Culture and Media, the Stand- This book has been translated into many for UNESCO ing Conference of the Ministers of languages and also serves in other mem- Education and Cultural Affairs, the Fed- ber countries of the World Heritage Con- eral Environment Ministry. One thing is vention as the ultimate guide to practical very clear: there is much going on in application. World Heritage, even outside of the Commission. But with its participation, The German Commission for UNESCO the success of World Heritage is guaran- safeguards the interests of UNESCO by teed. protecting the use of the World Heritage logo in Germany. The Commission proc- Events and Publications esses over 500 requests annually for the use of the World Heritage logo and of the The German Commission for UNESCO UNESCO name. To this end, all German plans national and international events World Heritage sites have access to a

38 Germany – An Experienced Partner for World Heritage Management

guideline drawn up by the Commission, The German Commission for UNESCO illustrating the terms and conditions for has set up a World Heritage advisory use of the World Heritage logo. group which can offer assistance in the event of future conflict. The objective One central concern for the Commission is to ensure the necessary exchange of is the initiation of international projects information and, where relevant, to and partnerships within the framework draw up recommendations for solu- of World Heritage. Only recently it suc- tions in cases of conflict. This said, suc- cessfully conveyed a request for funding cessful mediation is fully dependent by the Namibian Commission for upon a willingness by all parties to ap- UNESCO to the German World Heritage proach the group in a crisis. Foundation. Cases of conflict prove how much the Mediator in Disputes German people are involved in “their” World Heritage, i.e. the extent to which Welterbe-Manual Despite tried and tested laws, standard local World Heritage not only presents (World Heritage Manual) procedures, specialist know-how and an abstract “globalization” in the form With the publication of the 2nd and decades of experience, disputes arise of cultural diversity on their own door- enlarged edition of the Welterbe- again and again concerning World Her- step, but is also embedded in the every- Manual (World Heritage Manual), itage sites. While money and occasion- day lives of the people themselves. the Commissions for UNESCO in ally also expertise may be lacking in Even in conflict cases then, the success Germany, Luxembourg, Austria and the poorer regions, it is infrastructure story of the UNESCO World Heritage Switzerland have confronted the measures and investment projects Programme will be continued, even if growing demand for information which put World Heritage at risk in the we cannot save every church tower, or from monument conservators, tour- richer countries. Construction of the courtyard-facing window. The Amazon ism experts, decision-makers and Waldschlösschen Bridge in the Elbe rainforest, or at least parts of it, has, World Heritage site representatives. The handbook provides information Valley near Dresden and of the high- however, borne the title of World Natu- on the objectives behind the World rise clusters opposite Cologne Cathe- ral Heritage site since the year 2000. Heritage Convention, the nomina- dral on the right bank of the River tion procedure and the adoption Rhine are two perfect examples of Dieter Offenhäußer is Deputy Secre- criteria set by UNESCO. It explains large-scale conflicts in Germany from tary-General and Press Spokesman of the international obligations and which the nation learnt valuable les- the German Commission for UNESCO requirements relating to monu- sons. and is responsible for the World Herit- ment preservation and outlines the age Division. monitoring instruments used by the World Heritage Convention. It also contains the German translation of the Guidelines for the Implementa- World Heritage Sites tion of the Convention for the Pres- in Germany ervation of the Cultural and Natural Heritage of the World. The second and updated edi- tion of the photography book Furthermore, German initiatives are UNESCO World Heritage in presented, such as the UNESCO Germany presents a beautiful col- World Heritage Day, the educational lection of pictures, taken by the folder Welterbe für junge Men- photographer Hans-J.Aubert, of schen (World Heritage for Young the 33 German sites that are on People) and the school campaign the UNESCO World Heritage List. denkmal aktiv -– Kulturerbe macht Schule (Heritage in action – Cultural In German, English and French, Heritage at school). Finally, the the readers can learn about and World Nature Forum and the exhibi- appreciate the beauty and the cultural meaning of the different sites that tion concept World Nature Lab are Germany has to offer. Not only does the book offer outstanding images, it presented as examples of success- also aims to highlight the importance that the German UNESCO Commission ful World Heritage management in gives to the preservation of its Natural and Cultural Heritage Switzerland.

Published by the German Commission for UNESCO, Bonn 2010. Published by the German Commis- sion for UNESCO, Bonn 2009.

39 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Treasures of the World – Humanity’s Heritage

“We preserve what we love – we love what we understand – we understand what we have learnt.”

Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve, Madagascar

he German television series, to a wider public. At the end of 2011, film or in HDTV, because the grandeur TSchätze der Welt – Erbe der 398 monuments will be filmed. The pre- of the World Heritage sites requires Menschheit (Treasures of the World – miere broadcast of the films will be on such formats. The films are documen- Humanity’s Heritage), is based on the the cultural channel, 3sat. Afterwards, tary essays that keep viewers hooked World Heritage Convention. SWR, a they will be broadcast on Phoenix and to the screen through pictures which German television channel, and Tel- on ARD’s regional and digital television tell a fascinating story and give view- epool GmbH produce the series in . programmes. In 2010, about 45 million ers the most relevant information. collaboration with UNESCO. viewers watched the series in Germany They capture the genius loci and the alone. atmosphere of the site in pictures and Since 1995, this series has made a con- sounds. siderable contribution towards making The fifteen-minute films were produced UNESCO World Heritage sites known to the highest standard, with 35 mm

40 Germany – An Experienced Partner for World Heritage Management

Horst Wadehn Introducing the German Association UNESCO-Welterbestätten Deutschland e.V.

There are 33 UNESCO World Heritage sites in Germany. The German association UNESCO-Welterbestätten Deutschland e.V. (UNESCO World Heritage sites Germany e.V.) is committed to raising public awareness of Germany's heritage, both nationally and inter- nationally, and to attracting visitors from across the globe to the sites.

he World Heritage sites recount the The association is a coalition of local tion in cooperation with the German Thistory of life through the ages, begin- tourist organizations and the manage- Commission for UNESCO since its ning with the 47-million-year-old fossils ment administration of individual World launch in 2005. Designed as a forum for in Messel, through to Roman remains Heritage sites. Other members include communication and personal encounter, and medieval urban complexes, and on the German Commission for UNESCO, the event aims at raising awareness of in- to modern-day industrial monuments. the German National Tourist Board dividual World Heritage sites among the The German UNESCO World Heritage (DTZ), the German Foundation for Mon- local population by drawing its attention sites harbour immense and significant ument Protection, the union of Regional to the particular features of its surround- potential. Conservationists and the association of ings. The ultimate goal is for local inhab- German State Archaeologists. The itants to perceive “their” World Heritage The association aims to raise public UNESCO World Heritage sites Germany site as part of a diverse heritage belong- awareness of World Heritage and pro- e.V. is based in the World Heritage site of ing to mankind. All German World Herit- motes sensitive tourism in a way which Quedlinburg. age sites are required to participate in the will not endanger conservation efforts. It organization of this event. The ever in- develops joint marketing strategies for Activities creasing number of visitors to the tourism and nurtures the dialogue be- UNESCO World Heritage Day event is tween tourism officials, conservators of The UNESCO World Heritage Day is a welcome proof of the public’s growing monuments and the World Heritage sites. joint venture, organized by the associa- interest.

The historic city of Quedlinburg and the Collegiate Church of St Servatius have been listed UNESCO World Heritage sites since 1994

41 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

The UNESCO World Heritage sites Ger- many e.V’s annual conference takes place each year in October. The confer- UNESCO World Heritage Day ence addresses issues of common interest such as threatened heritage, regional de- velopment, cultural dialogue and cultural NESCO-Welterbe – SPIELend aim was to raise awareness about the tourism, as well as World Heritage edu- Uentdecken! (Discover UNESCO conservation of monuments. In 2008, cation. It acts not only as a forum for the World Heritage by playing!) On World Schülerinnen und Schüler sehen ihr Heritage Day in 2010, the World UNESCO-Welterbe (School Children See exchange of new knowledge and results, Heritage site Zollverein Coal Mine their UNESCO World Heritage) was the but will hopefully, above all, provide Industrial Complex in Essen. set up an slogan of various painting competitions stimuli for our own work. One particular educational programme for children and photo safaris. Under the slogan concern of the association is collabora- and young people in the museum with Lebendiges Welterbe (Living World tion with schools and the indispensable exciting attractions such as interac- Heritage), World Heritage sites offered creation of relevant services and training tive stations on the coking plant site, a a wide range of activities aimed at fami- programs. knowledge duel for schoolchildren and lies in 2007, including music, theatre the Expedition workshop. About 15,000 and handicrafts. Working in collaboration with the federal visitors celebrated World Heritage Day state governments, the national govern- at Zollverein. World Heritage Day provides an oppor- ment and the political parties represented tunity to meet and is an opening for The UNESCO World Heritage Day cultural dialogue. The sites present their in the federal state and national parlia- takes place yearly, on the first Sunday objectives and activities to the general ments, the objectives of the UNESCO in June. Every year, a different World public. World Heritage sites from other World Heritage Programme are being Heritage site hosts the main event. countries often participate in these systematically implemented. Across Germany, the World Heritage events too. For example, in 2005, the sites invite the public to participate in Monastery of Geghard in Armenia and 2014 will mark a highlight in the history special tours, cultural programmes and the Temple of Haeinsa in South Korea of the association’s work, as it celebrates interactive activities. In addition, a dif- participated in the organisation of World 25 years of operation. In its anniversary ferent main topic is chosen as the focus Heritage Day at the Abbey and Alten- year, the association will participate in of the day. In 2009, the slogan was: münster of Lorsch. the organization of the theme-year: Wir haben geerbt (We Inherited). The UNESCO World Heritage in Germany – World Heritage Day in Lorsch. The stand of the museum’s educators Nature, Towns, Monuments – an initia- invited the public to paint and do handicrafts tive of the German National Tourist Board.

Horst Wadehn is Chairman of the UNESCO-Welterbestätten Deutschland e.V. (UNESCO World Heritage sites Germany e.V).

The German Bundestag states:

he success of cooperation and net- “Tworking between culture and tour- ism can be demonstrated by UNESCO World Heritage sites Germany. All 33 German World Heritage sites and their respective tourist organisations are bun- dled in this umbrella association. Monu- ment conservation professionals and tourism experts work together.ˮ German Bundestag, Recommenda- tion and Report of the Committee for Culture and Media, September 13th 2010

42 Germany – A Forward-Looking Partner for World Heritage Challenges

Berlin Modernism Housing Estates UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Johanna Leissner

limate change is one of the most The Impact of Ccritical global challenges of our time. However less certain information is Climate Change on available on how the changing climate affects mankind and its environment. Al- Historic Buildings and though considerable research has already been undertaken to explore the impact on Cultural Property biodiversity and agriculture or on fresh water availability, only little is known of how climate change impacts our cultural heritage. Heat waves, heavy rain falls, more or less humidity, changing radia- tion and frost cycles: on what scale will Figure 1: Annual mean of 2m temperature [oC] for the climate change affect Europe´s historical control, the scenario time slices and their difference buildings and their indoor climate? And what will that cost? In 2010 a multidisci- plinary research team consisting of 27 Control (C20) partners from all over Europe and Egypt 1980 - 1989 has started using innovative technologies and methodologies to make substantial contributions towards estimating the impacts of climate change on historic buildings. Within the 5 million euro EU Difference 28 funded project Climate for Culture run- A1B - C20 24 ning until 2014 numerous UNESCO 22 sites and their vast collections in Europe 20 and the Mediterranean are being investi- 18 gated. More reliable assessments of the 16 impact of climate change will lead to bet- 14 5 ter prediction models, which in turn will 12 4 enable preventive measures to be taken, 10 3 8 thus reducing the consumption of energy AR+ Scenario (A1B) 2 6 and resources. 2070 -2099 1 4 0 2 For this purpose and for the first time -1 0 ever, the Climate for Culture project is -2 connecting completely new high resolu- -4 tion climate change evolution scenarios -6 with whole building simulation models -8 to identify the most urgent risks for spe- -10 cific regions. The scientists want to find out how the indoor climate will develop in historic buildings up to the year 2100 in various climate zones and to what ex- tent it will cause damages to the collec- tions.

Therefore a survey with a specially designed, virtual questionnaire was per- formed to set up a range of case studies from all over Europe and Egypt. Param- eters like type of building, specific site- related factors, available indoor and

44 Germany – A Forward-Looking Partner for World Heritage Challenges

Figure 2: Number of frost days per month for the periods of 1960 to 1989 (control), 2070 to 2099 outdoor climate data and observed dam- (scenario) and their relative difference, [%] ages have been collected. The list of case study buildings will be continuously up- Control (C20) dated and further extended. In several 1980 - 1989 case studies in situ investigations of existing problems are carried out which will then be used for the projection of fu- ture challenging issues using whole Difference building simulation models and different A1B - C20 situ monitoring technologies. In situ measurements by laser speckle interfer- 385 ometry and 3D microscopy have been 300 100 already successfully applied at the test 250 80 site in Holzkirchen (Germany) and show 200 60 good complementarity. Further investi- 150 40 gations by glass dosimeters to assess the 100 20 impact of indoor and outdoor conditions AR+ Scenario (A1B) 50 0 at cultural heritage sites throughout Eu- 2070 -2099 40 -20 -40 rope will allow a much more precise and 30 -60 integrated assessment of the real damage 20 10 -80 impact of climate change on cultural her- -100 itage at regional scale. In terms of clima- 0 tization of historic buildings a survey of the state of the art has been finalized and will be used to develop appropriate miti- gation / adaptation strategies with special emphasis on energy efficiency. All these results will be finally incorporated into the assessment of the economic costs and impacts – for the first time economists will calculate the impact of climate change on the maintenance costs of Figure 3: Picture and screenshot of the computer Cultural Heritage sites. The thusly identi- model of the exemplary church fied risks and the economic consequenc- es for European Cultural Heritage will be communicated to policy makers, together with possible mitigation strategies to be included in future IPCC Reports.

More information available at www.climateforculture.eu

Dr. Johanna Leissner works as a scien- tific representative in the institute Fraun- hofer at the European Union in Brussels.

45 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Annette Froehlich, Mario Hernandez, Lutz Möller, Achim Roth The World Heritage Seen From the Universe

The German Aerospace Center Supporting World Heritage Sites

Many World Heritage sites encounter serious threats such as encroaching human development, excess tourist pressure, climate change, deforestation, changes in elevation and landslides, or groundwater pressure. Satellite technology can help to meet these challenges.

orld Heritage sites are ideally Heritage sites (and biosphere reserves). Wsuited to demonstrate the joint DLR offers their satellite data for free in responsibility of mankind to preserve our such projects – both from its archive and heritage – not only the most precious from specific new research at currently jewels – and to advance sustainable de- active satellites. At present four projects velopment. Many site administrations are underway, in Cambodia, in Uganda, lack the financial and personal resources in Ethiopia and in Germany. Several ad- to permanently monitor all serious threats ditional projects, e.g. in Mexico, have on the ground. Luckily, modern satellite benefited from free DLR data. technology is a viable monitoring alter- native. Remote sensing from satellites Most of these projects work with data allows monitoring of many different acquired by the German radar satellite threats in simultaneously over vast areas, TerraSAR-X, which has been launched sometimes almost automatically. But the in 2007. Since June 2010, together with opportunities provided by remote sens- a twin radar satellite, it forms the mission ing are often not known to governments Tandem-X providing stereo-like imagery. and site administrations. Radar satellites are independent of weather, day or night, they can measure This is why, for several years now, surface as well as subsurface structures, UNESCO has teamed up with dozens of e.g. for archaeology, water and moisture, space agencies from all around the world land cover, tiny amounts of earth move- to respond to concrete governmental re- ment; they can measure subsidence (ter- quests for assistance in site monitoring – rain going up or down) e.g. for detecting and to promote the benefits of remote the threat of landslides, as well as eleva- sensing. DLR, the German Aerospace tion. The UNESCO / DLR cooperation Center, joined this “Open Initiative” in also encompasses data from the satellites late 2007, signing a Memorandum of Un- GMES / Kopernikus, RapidEye, EnMAP, derstanding. The German Commission and DLR’s cooperations with other agen- for UNESCO organized two workshops cies. in 2008 and 2009, to help fill this coop- eration with life. The German Aerospace Center, in close cooperation with the German Commis- DLR and UNESCO offer tailor-made sion for UNESCO, have made access to products from remote sensing data de- data straight-forward: Every relevant re- rived from satellite imagery, in combina- search institution or site administration tion with relevant capacity building on may apply at any time using a two-stage the ground, to assist governments in im- process, openly available on the Internet: proving the management of their World After registering a project at the DLR

46 Germany – A Forward-Looking Partner for World Heritage Challenges

Data provided by the German radar satellite TerraSAR-X helps UNESCO, Australian scientists and Cambodian authorities to detect ancient drains in the underground of World Heritage site Angkor Wat. The black areas are present-days basins and drains.

website http://sss.terrasar-x.dlr.de, the project proposal is evaluated with regard to its scientific quality, its feasibility, the appropriateness of data requested, and the sensitiveness of data in terms of na- tional security. A second questionnaire available at www..de / dlr-form. doc ensures that the project will actually cover a World Heritage site, that the rel- evant authorities have been informed and approve the project, and that the data will be used to support local site management.

DLR has also provided satellite imagery for an exhibition presented at UNESCO headquarters in 2009 and in Cancun in December 2010. Two sets of postcards have been printed and distributed and the The pyramids of Giza cooperation has been presented at UNESCO and at the UN in Vienna. Dr. Lutz Möller is Head of the Division Science, Human Rights at the German Commission for UNESCO.

Dr. Mario Hernandez is Senior Pro- In case of interest in this gramme Specialist for Remote Sensing in cooperation or of any questions, the Natural Sciences Sector at UNESCO please contact: in Paris.

Mario Hernandez (UNESCO), . Dr. Annette Froehlich is Senior Pro- [email protected], gramme Specialist in the Division for Annette Froehlich (DLR), . International Cooperation at the German [email protected], Aerospace Centre (DLR) in Cologne. Achim Roth (DLR), [email protected] or Lutz Möller (German Commission . Achim Roth coordinates the science team for UNESCO), [email protected] of the TerraSAR-X mission at the Ger- man Remote Sensing Data Center of the German Aerospace Centre (DLR) in Oberpfaffenhofen.

47 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

An insight into the future of Museum Island: the illustration shows the planned reception building, the ”James-Simon Gallery”, located next to the five historic buildings and the new wing of the Pergamon Museum

Hermann Parzinger The Museum Island Master Plan

The Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin, is an excellent round 3 million visitors from example of the sensitive redevelopment of a World Heritage site. AGermany and abroad are drawn to Berlin’s Museum Island each year to The technical modernization is of the highest standard, while view the unique collections held at the the authenticity of the historic museum building ensemble has museums. A particular highlight, how- remained intact. ever, is represented by the buildings themselves, which reflect around 100 years of architectural history: the period from 1830 onwards saw the opening of the Altes Museum followed by the Neues Museum, the Alte Nationalgalerie, the Bode Museum, and later, in 1930, the Pergamon Museum. In 1999, the Berlin Museum Island was awarded UNESCO World Heritage status, as much for the architecture of the museum buildings as for the collections displayed within them.

The Museum Island Master Plan was also included in the application to receive the status UNESCO World Heritage. This document established a basis for re- pairing damage inflicted on the Island during the Second World War, for the renovation and technical modernization Museum Island Berlin, Old National Gallery of the Island and for its further develop-

48 Germany – A Forward-Looking Partner for World Heritage Challenges

ment in the future. The Master Plan was Simon Gallery, which will be built on 2001, the Alte Nationalgalerie; in 2006, adopted by the foundation council of the Kupfergraben, will become the main re- the Bode Museum; and in 2009, the New Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation, ception building from 2016 and will pro- Museum. In all three cases, the Prussian who became the custodians of Museum vide important services for visitors, who Cultural Heritage Foundation estab- Island after the reunification of Germany. will be able to walk the Archeological lished a close and productive collabora- With the division of the country, the col- Promenade from there, connecting all the tion with representatives of monument lections had been dispersed to both sides buildings (with the exception of the Alte conservation. The results are clearly vis- of the border. The Nationalgalerie) through the ground floor. ible. This too contributes to the huge offered a unique opportunity to return The Pergamon Museum will obtain a public success of the Museum Island. them to their historic homes on Museum fourth wing; the open spaces on the Island where they could be displayed. Island are to be upgraded. With a view to The Neues Museum, in particular, with reserving museum space for museum its highly respected restoration concept Sensitive Restoration purposes as much as possible, a new created by David Chipperfield Archi- building on the former military site, tects, is winning over visitors (approx. Two aspects of the renovation and resto- located opposite the Bode Museum, is 1.15 million in 2010) and critics alike. It ration of Museum Island are of particular currently under construction as an has won many awards, not least the Eu- significance: on the one hand, the his- administrative, storage and workshop ropean Union Prize for Cultural Herit- toric character of the exhibition buildings complex, which will also include the age / Europa Nostra Award, the highest should be preserved, while on the other, Archeological Skills Center. accolade in the European Union for Cul- the properties must undergo develop- tural Heritage. ment to accommodate future demands on A Highly Respected the museum complex. The historic build- Restoration Concept Prof. Dr. Dr. Hermann Parzinger ings are to be restored as individual has been President of the Stiftung structures of outstanding value. Each will So far, three of the five historic buildings Preußischer Kulturbesitz since 2008. retain its own entrance, while assimilat- have undergone general refurbishment ing new connecting elements: the James and have been reopened to the public: in

Restoration plans for the New Museum were discussed in regular, on-site user-workshops

49 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Petra Hedorfer Culture is Here to Stay

Informed tourism provides a sustainable contribution to the preservation of World Heritage sites. The German National Tourist Board (DZT) promotes sensitive and discriminating travel on a scale that does not endanger Heritage sites.

Experience nature in Westheversand

50 Germany – A Forward-Looking Partner for World Heritage Challenges

ermany´s popularity as a tourist tural sites in such a concentrated area. Gdestination is greater than ever. An UNESCO has placed 33 of these under historic milestone was reached in 2010 the protection of the International Con- when the number of overnight stays by vention, as World Heritage sites of “out- foreign guests broke through the 60 mil- standing universal value to mankind”. lion mark. This was a huge achievement The German World Heritage sites reflect for the DZT. The DZT is the marketing the diversity of its cultural heritage from and sales organization for Germany as a the Cathedral in Aachen via the Museum travel destination, promoting the coun- Island in Berlin to the industrial heritage try’s tourist services internationally. represented by the Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen. The DZT has positioned Germany’s di- verse range of attractions so well that the UNESCO World Heritage – country is now way ahead in this respect the Crowd Puller in Europe. According to the European Travel Monitor (ETM), as a cultural des- As the quality monitor Deutschland- tination Germany is ranked second in Tourismus has indicated, the title international travel destinations for Euro- “UNESCO World Heritage” is a reason peans, behind France and ahead of Italy, for 34 percent of all foreign visits. A very Great Britain and Spain. The results of pleasing result for the DZT, as it has world-wide consumer surveys also place worked continuously to include the Germany among the top 10 destinations. UNESCO World Heritage sites in its glo- One crucial factor here, according to the bal communication and marketing ac- market research institute GfK Roper, is tivities. The focus this year will be on the country´s cultural heritage. 2000 Italy, France, Great Britain and the USA. years of European cultural history have Discriminating tourism should provide a left their mark on Germany, as travellers sustained contribution to the preservation from across the globe are now aware. of World Heritage sites. The DZT seeks There is scarcely a country which can not only to increase awareness of the boast as many unique natural and cul- German World Heritage sites, but also to

Sustainable Tourism in the Wadden Sea World Heritage Site

nscription of the Wadden Sea as a this makes for a highly attractive offer- IUNESCO World Heritage site means ing which fulfils the objectives of World that sustainable preservation of this Natural Heritage. eco-system is now mandatory. Since 2010, there has been much focus In the Wadden Sea National Park in on the development of a strategy for Lower Saxony, sustainable mobility environmentally compatible tourism. In plays an important role. In cooperation fact, the National Parks have already with Deutsche Bahn, travel by train to achieved some success in the area of the coast is heavily advertised through sustainability: the campaign: Fahrtziel Natur (Destina- tion Nature). Since 2009, the decision In the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea by guests to switch from car to public National Park, more than 100 tourist transport has been facilitated by the . companies are working in close collabo- promotion Urlauberbus für ’nen Euro. ration with the national park administra- The service offers visitors the opportu- tion. They offer high-quality services and nity to travel anywhere within the Ost- regional, seasonal, fair and environmen- friesland (East Friesland) region for one tally compatible products. For guests, euro per trip.

51 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Schloss Augustusburg in Brühl: The Balthasar Neumann The reinforces 20th century revolutionary ideas in archi- Staircase tectural design. In Dessau, the University "Department of Design" was a target for pilgrims seeking the Cream of the Avantgarde

promote sustained tourism to the sites mind, a year-long programme is to be The German Bundestag themselves in a way which will not launched in 2014 on the theme: UNESCO states: threaten them. World Heritage in Germany – Nature, Towns, Monuments. ith its rich, unique cultural For example, Augustusburg Castle and “Wheritage and its wide range of Falkenlust hunting lodge in Brühl, listed Investment in the conservation of monu- cultural offers, Germany is an attractive as World Heritage sites in 1984, both of- ments thus allows sustained, internation- destination for cultural tourists from fer a diverse program of attractions: the al tourism and therefore more than just across the world. [...] Amongst other administration offers a variety of themat- preservation. Above all, understanding destinations, visitors want to see the ic tours, portraying court life of the 18th for the conservation of cultural assets 33 UNESCO World Heritage sites; the century in a number of different ways. will result from people’s being able to 1,100 historical town and city centres The famous staircase of Augustusburg appreciate and experience them for with significant monuments; countless Palace also plays host to the classical mu- themselves. Thus their protection is also artistic gems; unique buildings; 6,000 sic festival known as the Brühler guaranteed for future generations. museums; 130 professional orchestras; Schlosskonzerte between May and Sep- 180 thematic streets, cultural paths and tember. Petra Hedorfer has been Chief Execu- historical routes; 360 public and private tive Officer of the German National theatres; and 12,000 cultural and popu- On the one hand, tourist initiatives such Tourist Board (DZT) since 2003 and was lar celebrations. as these contribute greatly to raising elected President of the European Travel ˮ awareness of Heritage sites and making Commission in 2010. German Bundestag, Recommenda- them accessible, while, on the other, they tion and Report of the Committee for constitute an important source of income Culture and Media, 13th September which can ensure conservation of the cul- 2010 tural sites in the long-term. With this in

52 Germany – A Forward-Looking Partner for World Heritage Challenges

Sustainable Tourism in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Bamberg

ontinuous maintenance of the Ccultural heritage at the Bam- berg World Heritage site forms an important basis for the development of sustainable tourism. The city’s rejuvenation is underpinned by a sup- port program for the preservation of historic monuments, known as the Bamberg Model, which, since its inception back in 1954, has contrib- uted to the preservation of the old town.

Since its inscription in UNESCO’s list of World Cultural Heritage sites in 1993, the city has revised its tourism strategy. The objective is to develop and sustain high quality tourism for the World Heritage site. The ener- getic launch of the media campaign: Bamberg – Faszination Weltkultur- erbe (Bamberg – World Heritage Fascination) led to a marked increase in the number of visitors. Since 1997, to ensure the highest level of quality, the Bamberg Tourismus & Kongress Service (Bamberg Tourism & Congress Service) has provided solid training for professional guides, to enable them to pass on a more in- depth level of information relating to the World Heritage.

Bamberg’s inner-city garden culture dates back several hundred years, and a new model project Urbaner Gartenbau (Urban Garden Develop- ment) has been set up to preserve it and to secure its future. This innova- tive conservation project aims to pre- serve not only the material heritage, but also the intangible cultural herit- age of the gardeners. St Michael’s Monastery is also to be restored according to cultural-heritage criteria and will be better adapted to accom- modate tourism. Bamberg now has the facility to showcase itself through a World Heritage Visitors’ Center, which was opened in May 2010.

Group of visitors in front of the Fürstenportal (known in English as the “Sovereigns’ Portal” or the ”Princes’ Portal”) 53 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

“I Brought the World to Cottbus!”

Interview with Marie-Theres Albert

Prof. Marie-Theres Albert is a co-initiator and Head of the master’s degree programme World Heritage Studies which was established in 1999 at the Brandenburg Technical Uni- versity, Cottbus. She has been the holder of the UNESCO Chair in Heritage Studies since October 2003. In the inter- view, she reports on the development of the course.

How did you come up with the idea of in monument preservation, but then establishing a course in World Herit- there are those who are attracted by age? intangible heritage or by man-made landscapes. In addition to the manage- Back then, I dealt exclusively with in- ment modules offered by the course, terculturality. But as I had already spent interest about intangible heritage is a great deal of time working abroad, growing among students. They come and given that interculturality is always from dozens of different countries, such related to living cultures, I was person- as the USA, Great Britain and Spain, but ally faced with the decision: either I go also increasingly from developing coun- out into the world once again, or the tries. Interest in World Heritage is visi- world comes to me in Cottbus. I opted bly growing. for the latter. We wanted to establish an attractive, internationally-oriented What career prospects do the graduates Marie-Theres Albert course in Cottbus, which was to be run have? in English. It was a convincing concept and we were accepted. The career prospects have changed greatly over time. In the beginning, Why is the Chair in Cottbus and not in there was no career potential as an Berlin, where there are many more cul- expert in World Heritage. However, in tural amenities? societies where the concept of World Heritage is becoming increasingly at- Our relatively small and innovative uni- tractive, our graduates are now finding versity in Cottbus provides the ideal work in national and international or- premises for such a course. Of course ganizations, in UNESCO National we cannot compare our range of cul- Commissions and also in the fields of very World Heritage site is or tural offerings to that of Berlin. That management and consultancy. In order “Ecan become a place of encounter said, with the participation of interna- to protect World Heritage, we need pro- with the World. tional students, cultural diversity comes fessionals. ˮ to us and is experienced first-hand with- Hermann Schefers, Director of the in the course itself. For the students The World Heritage Studies course in UNESCO World Heritage site Abbey who are still missing something, the cit- Cottbus serves as a benchmark world- and Altenmünster of Lorsch. ies of Berlin, Dresden and Leipzig are wide. What makes it unique? easily accessible. Its uniqueness stems particularly from What types of people are interested in the combination of material and intangi- this course? ble heritage as well as the integration of nature. We deal with the entire spectrum More and more young people from of the World Heritage Convention criti- across the globe are coming to Cottbus, cally and in an interdisciplinary fashion. expressing an interest in architecture or No other course has offered this to date.

54 Germany – A Forward-Looking Partner for World Heritage Challenges

World Heritage Studies

As World Heritage can also refer to the he international master’s degree The German Academic Exchange . diversity of the world’s ethnicities, then Tprogramme in World Heritage Stud- Service (DAAD) and other founda- World Heritage, cultural diversity and ies has been in place since 1999 at the tions offer scholarship funding for the cultural education cannot be separated Brandenburg Technical University (BTU) master’s programme. The programme in Cottbus. It is aimed at students who from the overall concept. duration is four semesters, at the end wish to devote their professional career of which the successful student is to the preservation of the cultural and awarded a Master of Arts (M.A.) degree. The UNESCO Chair Programme aims natural heritage. The course comprises At the present time, 75 students are to promote international cooperation studies in architecture, civil engineering, attending the master’s programme in between universities. How do you plan monument conservation and urban plan- World Heritage Studies and eleven can- to achieve this objective? ning as a basis for the conservation of didates are enrolled in the Internationale cultural properties. The programme also Graduiertenschule für Welterbestudien Over the years we have acquired some serves to communicate management (International Graduate School of Herit- large third-party project contracts, for plans for World Heritage sites (both in age Studies). These students come example from the EU. We have imple- theory and in practice) to students from from a total of 28 states worldwide. mented cooperation and exchange pro- across the world. grammes with various European and Australian universities and have set up a project from the EU-ASIA-link with China and India. At the World Heritage and Cultural Diversity Conference held in October 2009, on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the course, we as- sembled all the important UNESCO Chairholders who were active in the area of World Heritage to develop new prospects for continued cooperation. Ultimately, contacts and close coopera- tion are established through our interna- tional students when they return home to their respective countries.

The Chair has existed for over ten years now. What are the results?

The positive thing is that we have managed to promote the idea of World Heritage and with it, the founding concept behind an international under- standing of UNESCO worldwide. We transformed the right idea into the right concept at the right time. With expert training in the areas of awareness-build- ing and of responsibility, as well as in the preservation and the utilization of world heritage, we have contributed to- wards the growing significance of World Heritage within the context of the international community. It has always been essential to us to actively include the public in the process. Students from across the globe sit on the stairs leading to the BTU lecture building, following a summer excursion

55 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

World Heritage Studies

A series of volumes published in relation to the interdisciplinary master course World Heritage Studies, directed by the Chair of Intercultural Studies / UNESCO Chair in Heritage Studies, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus

World Heritage and Cultural Diversity “I came across a description of this post-graduate course at the Branden- World Heritage and Cultural Diversity, the fourth pub- burg University of Technology (BTU) lication from the World Heritage Studies course, fo- in the newspaper while I was studying cuses on the close relation between humanity’s heritage economics in the Netherlands, and I and the diversity that it represents. Like previous publi- was immediately really keen. I found cations, it is the result of an academic conference, which the inter-disciplinary and international used the 10th anniversary of the course as an occasion approach of the programme particularly to invite experts from all over the world to have future- attractive. During discussions or group oriented discussions on aspects of heritage in relation to work, when a dozen of students of differ- cultural and natural diversity. The papers published in ent nationalities with different academic this collection are only a few facets of the broad range backgrounds sat together in one room, of topics relating to the protection of heritage and diver- there really was sometimes a culture sity. Nevertheless, they may be considered as repre- clash. I have learned how enriching sentative of this whole complex. To a large extent, they different points of view and approaches can be seen as starting points for a long-overdue debate. can be. The international environment The responses are as diverse as the topics they derive of “World Heritage Studies” has really from. It only remains to be stated that we wish for both left an imprint on me.ˮ positive and critical feedback from our readers. Patricia Alberth, Editors: Dieter Offenhäußer, Walther Ch. Zimmerli, Marie- Germany, Theres Albert. Cottbus 2010. Published in English Assistant Programme Specialist, Europe and Training Strategies for World North America Heritage Management Section, UNESCO World The essays collected in this publication present the Heritage Centre. broad range of contributions developed in the course of the project Development of Multi-Disciplinary Manage- ment Strategies for Conservation and Use of Heritage Sites in Asia and Europe (MUMA), which was carried “I am an architect from one of the old- out by European and Asian universities from 2004 to est towns in China, Xi’an. I think that 2006. The authors address questions concerning basic it is very important to preserve our principles and strategies needed for appropriate meas- cultural heritage because memory is a urements; institutionalization possibilities and methods part of our identity in a fast-developing for heritage management in different cultures; available China. “World Heritage Studies” at resources for training programmes at schools and uni- the University of Cottbus offers unique versities as well as for informal training and the possi- lectures in an inter-disciplinary context. bilities of resource development. In conclusion, the In the future, I want to work in an inter- contributors provide a rich source of models for the con- national organisa- struction of heritage education tools on a variety of in- tion or a national stitutional levels and present innovative management office for monu- concepts. ment conservation in China. Editors: Marie-Theres Albert, Roland Bernecker, Diego ˮ Gutierrez Perez, Nalini Thakur, Zhang Nairen. Cottbus 2007. Yang Wu, China Published in English

56 Germany – A Forward-Looking Partner for World Heritage Challenges

“The course in Cottbus was a fantastic experience. Some of its advantages included the international students and the high-quality visiting lecturers. I am a restorer for antiques and art. Attending “World Heritage Studies” prepared me for my professional objectives. I really look forward to applying my newly-acquired knowledge to practical activities and to Constructing World Heritage working in the con- servation of heritage The contributors to the volume Constructing World and identity on an Heritage reveal numerous aspects of the protection and international level. ˮ the use of Cultural and Natural World Heritage which Ellen Lekka, Greece have been identified and recently discussed by experts. Especially, new perspectives on heritage which con- sider cultural diversity, intangible heritage and cultural landscapes are at the centre of the discussion. Dynamic exchanges between heritage and cultural diversity pose essential questions concerning identity. The conflicting “During my studies in Caracas, I dealt field of tangible and intangible heritage assigns new with the concept of Heritage conserva- tasks and problems to be solved to experts. And the tion. The University City of Caracas is cultural landscapes allow new perceptions and interpre- a Modern Architecture UNESCO World tations when considered as the result of interactions Heritage site. I wanted to find out more between man and the environment. The authors offer about the conservation and management new perspectives based on related disciplines, such as of towns. In the course in Cottbus, I history of art or ethnology, and present practical exam- analysed the Man- ples of heritage management. agement Plan of the University City of Editors: Marie-Theres Albert, Sieglinde Gauer-Lietz. Cottbus Caracas. 2006. Published in German and English ˮ Henry Crescini, Venezuela Nature and Culture – Ambivalent Dimensions of Our Heritage

Nature and Culture – Ambivalent Dimensions of our At a workshop at my university in Delhi, th “ Heritage was published on the occasion of the 30 an- I met professors from the University of niversary of the most successful UNESCO Programme, Cottbus. I was particularly interested in the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World gaining extensive understanding of herit- Cultural and Natural Heritage. The international sym- age, so the multidisciplinary approach posium bearing the same name which was carried out of “World Heritage Studies” awoke my in Potsdam in 2002 provided the intellectual basis of interest. At the Brandenburg University this volume. The authors deal with the multi-faceted of Technology (BTU), I gained profes- relation between nature and culture. In a critical manner, sional experience in the establishment of they assess how heritage is appropriated by different management and conservation plans for vested interests. The authors analyze historic processes Heritage sites. Cottbus is ideal for stu- as well as recent discussions from European and non- dents. The university and the town offer a European perspectives. The analyses of different per- wide range of activities. As a foreigner in ceptions of culture and nature facilitate the discussion this small town in Eastern Germany, on how culture and nature can be preserved and which I have had practi- concepts are viable for the future. cally no negative experiences at all. Editors: German Commission for UNESCO, Bonn; Branden- ˮ burg University of Technology, Cottbus 2002. Published in Smriti Pant, India German and English

57 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

The Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex – The Ruhr as Cultural Metropolis

he World Heritage site Zollverein T Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen offers an international pro- gramme of events for cultural tourists from across the world. In the midst of its impressive industrial architecture, visitors can choose from an abun- dance of events, including presenta- tions and exhibitions of contemporary art, photography, design, theatre, dance and music. The Ruhr Museum opened in January 2010. A regional museum of a different kind, the entire natural and cultural history of the Ruhr is displayed in its permanent exhibi- tion.

International cultural projects contrib- ute to the inclusion of the Zollverein in the list of popular destinations for more than two million visitors per year. Some examples include: the Theatre Festival Promethiade, which was staged in World Heritage sites in Turkey, Greece and Germany to ques- tion the ancient myth of Prometheus in the light of present-day phenom- ena; the Ruhrtriennale; the Contempo- rary Art Ruhr; and the Electronic Arts Festival Sound Industries.

Music night in the Zollverein

58 Germany – A Forward-Looking Partner for World Heritage Challenges

Jolanta Nölle denkmal aktiv – Zollverein in Schools Cultural Heritage in Young Hands The Zollverein School Programme School Programme Launched by the German Foundation for The Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex World Heritage Monument Protection site is not just a symbol of the heavy-industrial history of the Ruhr, but is also a landmark for sustainable structural change. The Zollverein is a monument and a center for culture as well as for the creative industry, which aims to open the minds particularly of children and young people to new perspectives. The programme Welterbestättenvermittlung – Zollverein macht Schule (Teaching World Heritage – The Zollverein in Schools) educates the younger generation about both the past and the future.

he Zollverein Foundation opens up grades of high school, and it is aligned World Heritage to the general public with the needs and demands of their re- T Inventory at Fort Hahneberg in and, in the midst of the historic, indus- spective institutions. The study-options Berlin-Spandau, a “denkmal aktiv” trial landscape of the Ruhr city of Essen, are divided into three categories, each project at the Knobelsdorff School it establishes a future home for culture with a different focus: Zollverein histo- in Berlin and the creative industry, architecture, risch (Historic Zollverein), Zollverein design, media and education. aktiv (Active Zollverein) and Zollverein y means of its school pro- im Wandel (The Changing Zollverein). Bgramme, denkmal aktiv (Heritage Discover, Experience, in Action), the German Foundation Learn Historic Zollverein... for Monument Protection promotes projects on cultural heritage and In the authentic location of the former explores the history of the Zollverein col- monument protection. At the same Zollverein colliery and coking plant, liery and coking plant. Students follow time, it aims to integrate issues relat- children gain real-life impressions of the the coal’s overground route through au- ing to monuments into the everyday history and structural transformation of thentic locations, from extraction sites to school life of young people. the region. At the same time, the Zoll- transportation routes and ultimately to verein World Heritage site offers insights processing sites. In so doing, they can The initiative’s goal is to raise school into future-oriented professions. To al- gain deeper insights into topics such as pupils’ awareness about the signifi- cance of our common cultural herit- low schoolchildren to experience the mining, coking, geology, the history of age and our joint responsibility when entire portfolio of subjects offered by the technology, chemistry, architecture, it comes to its protection and pres- Zollverein World Heritage site, the Zoll- along with social history and migration. ervation for future generations. The verein Foundation designed the project In the module Dem Bergmann auf der German Commission for UNESCO Spur (On the Trail of a Miner), a former is the patron of this national pro- Teaching World Heritage – miner shows the children where he gramme. The Zollverein in Schools worked in the colliery. The children see how the mine functions and can witness The projects, in which about 600 Schoolchildren in Essen and the sur- the daily routines of the mining commu- secondary schools have participated rounding area can use the Zollverein nity first-hand. since the beginning of 2002, repre- World Heritage site as a study location sent a large range of school discus- sions about cultural heritage as well outside the classroom within the frame- The Changing Zollverein... as many methodological approaches work of an educational partnership. to teach pupils about cultural herit- shows the diverse evolution of the Zoll- age according to their age-groups The programme caters for children from verein after the closure of the pit. Old and and school type. all schools and of all age-groups, from new trades are laid out for comparison. primary school through to the final Through active workshops, the children

59 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Studies in Paderborn

he diversity of cultural heritage is the In the sub-project Kloster und Schloss cultural-heritage research, which they Tfocus of the master‘s programme Corvey als abendländische Bildungs- then make available to newspapers and in Cultural Heritage at the university of und Mediengeschichte (Corvey Abbey broadcasters. This interactive interface Paderborn. Students are taught how and Castle as a marker of education and will, it is hoped, promote the transfer of to develop strategies for action in the media history in the West), the abbey cultural-heritage knowledge between sustainable protection of the cultural library, destroyed during secularization, experts and the broader public. heritage. Architectural heritage is not is to be restored, and the collection the sole object of research here; new re-assembled virtually on an internet The touring exhibi- approaches to exploration, documenta- platform. The most valuable volumes tion: “1000 Jahre tion and knowledge-transfer relating to will be fully digitized and published on Wissen – Rekonstruk- the intangible cultural heritage are also the internet. The knowledge stored at tion der Bibliothek der being developed. Corvey will thus be opened up once Reichsabtei Corvey” again for research following a 200-year (“1000 Years of Knowl- One example is the project Kulturerbe shadow-existence in the repositories of edge – The rebuilding Sakralbauten (Cultural Heritage – Sacred various towns and cities. The castle and of the Corvey Abbey Sites). The project integrates material former abbey of Corvey are currently on Library”) is aimed at raising awareness of and artistic aspects with intangible the German Tentative List for inclusion the Paderborn Uni- politico-religious views. Using church as a UNESCO World Heritage site. versity project. The architecture as a basis, the recurring exhibition will be held processes of secularization and recon- The student press agency Cultura is from June 2011 until secration are analyzed, both in the archi- acting as a pilot-project for the venture. July 2012 in many tectural and the socio-political contexts. Paderborn students are compiling venues at home and the trends and results from published abroad.

themselves can adopt the role of archi- tects, planners and conservators of mon- uments. For example, in a Workshop zum Strukturwandel (workshop on structural change), the class becomes a group of “experts” who have met on the Zollverein site to develop new ideas for the conversion of the Zollverein’s Shaft XII. In a “conference of experts”, the children debate the new development opportunities linked to the UNESCO World Heritage Programme, draw up and present fictitious utilization con- cepts.

Active Zollverein…

allows the children to discover the Zoll- verein as a center for art and culture, in Children can step back into industrial history: “On the Coal Route” which they themselves can take pictures, paint or design. Alternatively, they may take a look behind the scenes at a cul- creation of advertising material for the the future and handed on to the next gen- tural institution, e.g. by talking to musi- exhibition. Through methods such as eration. The concept of World Heritage cians and artists. In the module Mein these, the school children learn to ana- and the associated mandate to preserve it Palast der Projekte (My Palace of lyze content and to be creative while should be integrated in all its diversity Projects), students can take on the role gaining insights into various professions. into school education. The Zollverein of artists and curators. In school lessons Foundation is hereby ensuring that the or at the Zollverein, they develop their Outlook World Heritage concept is passed on to own exhibition projects, which they the next generation. then introduce in the form of a small The school programme is of particular presentation, for example. They are also importance to the Zollverein UNESCO Jolanta Nölle is an executive member of introduced to other facets of the cultural World Heritage site, as the unique herit- the Zollverein Foundation. industry, such as public relations and the age of this location must be preserved for

60 UNESCO today Publication Data

Publication Data

UNESCO today

Publisher: German Commission for UNESCO Colmantstraße 15 53115 Bonn, Germany E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.unesco.de in cooperation with the Federal Foreign Office

Chief Editor: Dieter Offenhäußer

Editorial Board: Claudia Brincks-Murmann, Kurt Schlünkes, Frauke Schröder, Regina Rosa Hämmerle, Elisabeth Clarke-Hasters

Translation: Anna Porter; Intrasoft International, Brussels, Belgium; Language Services Division of the Federal Foreign Office

The editors reserve the right to carry out editing, image selection, titles and publica- tion of the articles submitted. Articles attributed to an author do not always reflect the opinion of the editors. The editors reserve the right to edit the articles submitted.

Layout and setting: Media Company – Agentur für Kommunikation GmbH, Bonn, Germany

Printing: Medienhaus Plump, Rheinbreitbach, Germany

Print run: 3,000

ISBN : 978-3-940785-24-4

All rights reserved © German Commission for UNESCO Bonn, 2011

UNESCO today is printed on chlorine-free bleached and recycled paper.

Apart from the authors mentioned we would like to thank those who supported us with their texts and with pictures or any other way of assistance.

Dr. Olaf Asendorf, Jutta Barth, Dr. Susanne Braun, Diana Büttner, Jens Enemark, Goggo Gensch, Astrid Gonstalla, Dr. Meinrad Maria Grewenig, Dirk Hamm, Dr. Peter Henrich, Volker Hörold, Birgit Jöbstl, Alina Krumme, Anneliese Kühn, Cord Panning, Annegret Petschat-Martens, Jana-C. Petzold, Doreen Post, Astrid Roscher, Diane Röschen, Prof. Dr. Eva-Maria Seng, Prof. Dr. Jutta Ströter- Bender, Roland Wentzler, Christiane Winkler.

61 UNESCO today 3 | 2011 Germany’s Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Photographs:

Front cover: • Germany: Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen, © Entwicklungsgesellschaft Zollverein • Cambodia: Angkor Wat Central Temple with pool used on ceremonious occasions. The temple city Angkor, which has been on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1992, is one of the World’s most impressive cultural sites, © Auswärtiges Amt • Germany: Cologne Cathedral, © Deutsche Zentrale für Tourismus • Botswana: Tsodilo – a young Khung Woman collects wood. The Khung are the last progenies of the Bushmen. They belong to the eldest aboriginal people of southern Africa. They are hunters and gatherers and they live predominantly in the Kalahari Desert, © Südwestrundfunk

Back cover: From the DLR-UNESCO Postcard set. “What a Sight: Space Looking Out for World Heritage III“© DLR-UNESCO, Antrix, distributed by Euromap

Page 2: © GTZ © Hans-J. Aubert, 3: © Auswärtiges Amt, 4: © DUK, 7: © Hermann Schefers, 8-11: © Auswärtiges Amt, 12: © FDP-Fraktion © Auswärtiges Amt, 13: © Birgitta Ringbeck © Barbara Engels, 14: © Tim Moulds, 15: © Araquem Alcantra /Acervo GIZ © Guney Uluntun- cok / GIZ, 16: © M. Broquere / S. Nancy, 17: © Martin Stock, 18: © Omar Hallaj / GIZ, 19: © Ursula Eigel, 20: © Barbara Engels / BfN, 21: © Andrea Strauss, 22: © Weltkulturerbe Völklinger Hütte / Gerhard Kassner, 23: © Stiftung Fürst-Pückler-Park Bad Muskau /Astrid Roscher © J. Dolata / GDKE, 24: © Thomas Klinger, Kuratorium Weltkulturdenkmal Kloster Lorsch e.V., 25: © Hermann Schefers, 26: © Hainberg-Gymnasium Göttingen, 27: © National Museum of Namibia, GRN, 28: © DUK, 29: © Iuri Fernandes/GIZ, 31: © Peter Braatz, 32: © Barbara Engels, 34: © BMVBS / Frank Ossenbrink, 35: © Stadt Regensburg, 36: © Hans-J. Aubert, 37: © Gasometer Oberhausen GmbH, 40: © Südwestrundfunk, 41: © Jürgen Meusel, 42: © DUK, 43: © DZT, 46: © Fotolia, 47: © DLR 2009 © DLR 2007, 48: © SPK /ART+COM © Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, 49: © BBR Johannes Kramer; 50: © Martin Stock / Landesbetrieb für Küstenschutz, Nationalpark und Meeresschutz, 52: © Horst Gummersbach © DZT, 53: © Archiv des Bamberg Tourismus und Kongress Serv- ice, 54: © BTU Cottbus / Dominik Winkler, 55: © Yujie Zhu, 56: © Patricia Alberth © Yang Wu, 57: © Ellen Lekka © Henry Crescini © Marco Schneider / MMZ, 58: © Matthias Duschner / Stiftung Zollverein, 59: © Knobelsdorff-Schule Berlin, 60: © Matthias Duschner /Stiftung Zollverein, 63: © DZT © Stiftung Zollverein

62 Old City of Sana’a, Yemen Berlin Modernism Housing Estates

Old Town of Quedlinburg, Germany Stage Performance at Zollverein, Essen Utodnesayco

A Magazine of the German Commission for UNESCO No. 3 | 2011

Germany’s  Commitment to UNESCO’s World Heritage

Contents

Germany –  Germany –  Germany –  A Responsible Partner  An Experienced Partner  A Forward-Looking  for the Heritage of  for World Heritage  Partner for World Heritage Management Challenges Germany Mankind CANDIDATE FOR THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE ISBN 978-3-940785-24-4