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Herman-Rorschsch-Psychodiagnostics.Pdf HERMANN RORSCHACH PSYCHODIAGNOSTICS A DIAGNOSTIC TEST BASED ON PERCEPTION INCLUDING RORSCHACITS PAPER THE APPLICATION OF THE FORM INTERPRETATION TEST (PUBLISHED POSTHUMOUSLY BY DR. EMIL OBERHOLZER) TRANSLATION AND ENGLISH EDITION BY PAUL LEMKAU, M. D* THE HENRY PHIPPS PSYCHIATRIC CLIMC, BALTIMORE AND BERNARD KRONENBERG, M. D. NEW YORK FIFTH EDITION, WITH A NEW BIBLIOGRAPHY VERLAG HANS H U B E R, BERNE, SWITZERLAND Distributors for the U.S.A. GRUNE & STRATTON INC. 381 Fourth Avenue New York, N.Y Allc ReAtc vorbehialteii Copyright by Verlag Hans Huber, Bern 1942 In der Scfaweiz gedruckt Imprim6 en Sukse Printed in Switzerland 1951 PL, ."> ^E TO THE The widespread and growing interest in the Rorsehach test among English- speaking workers has made apparent the need for a more easily available source of information concerning Rorschach's original and basic work than the German Editions supply. This English Translation is presented in the hope of filling that need. We are aware that this need has been met sporad- ically by various unauthorized translations, but these have been available to bet few of those interested in the test. None of these translations was at hand during the preparation of the translation presented here. The task of translating Rorschach's German is doubly difficult. One wishes to present his ideas adequately and at the same time preserve as much as possible of the personality of Rorschach as it is revealed in his choice of words, his sentence structure, and his delicate shadings of meanings* The first attempt yielded a too literal translation which did not present the ideas clearly enough. This first effort was completely rewritten and carefully checked to make sure that the sense as well as the flavor of the original was preserved to the greatest possible extent. We are especially grateful to Dr. Adolf Meyer who encouraged us to take up the task and who has continued to be interested in our progress. Many individual points have been discussed with colleagues at the Phipps Clinic, and we are grateful to them for their help and stimulation. To Mrs. Florence Halpern of the Staff of Bellevue Hospital in New York, and Miss M. R. Caine, also of New York, we also owe our thanks for help with particular problems arising in the course of the work. Other colleagues have generously con- sidered our questions with us and have encouraged us; these friends are too numerous to mention but all may be assured that their help was appreciated. Especial thanks are due to Dr. Christopher Tietze for time-consuming labor in checking the manuscript for those finer shadings of meaning apparent only to one whose original language is German. The intelligent and co- operative criticism of Miss Helen Kaste as she typed the manuscript has resulted in the elimination of many errors which would otherwise have of marred the work, 2nd Lt. H. L. Siple, ATJS, was helpful in the preparation the index'. Bernard Kronenberg. Paul Lemkau. CONTENTS Preface to the English Translation ............. 3 Epilogue .......... .......... 9 Preface to the Second Edition .......... ...* II Introduction ................... 13 List of Symbols and Abbreviations ............. 14 L The Method, 1. Apparatus ..... ............. IS 2. Procedure .................. 16 3. Interpretation of the Figures as Perception ........ 16 XL TMfe Factors of the Experiment. 1. Statement of Problems ................ 19 2. Number of Responses ............ .... 21 3. Reaction Time .................. 21 4. Failure to Answer ............. .... 22 5. Form, Movement and Color Responses: Their Relation to the Perceptive Process 22 23 a) Form Responses ........... ..... b) Movement Responses ............... 25 29 c) Color Responses .... ............ d) Incidence of Movement and Color in the same Interpretation ..... 35 6. Mode of Apperception ................ 36 36 a) Statement of Problems .............. 37 b) Scoring the Mode of Apperception ........... 40 c) Number of W, D, Dd, etc.............. 41 d) Apperceptive Types ............... 43 e) Sequence in Mode of Apperception ........... 45 7. Content of Interpretations. Percent Animal Responses ........ 47 8 Original Answers ................. 9. Summary ................... 49 III. Further Ohserrationi on the Method. 52 1. Prerequisites of the Individual Plates ............ 53 2. Parallel Series .................. - 53 3. Control Tests ................ 4. Recording Technic ................. 54 IV. Mesnlt. Pmgc 1. Intelligence * 56 2. Influence of Volition on the Factors 6<5 3. Effect of Mood on the Components of Intelligence 70 4. Inter-relations of Movement and Color Responses. Experience Types. Introversion, Extratension. Coartation 72 5. Experience Type and Living 87 6. Experience Type and the Components of Intelligence 88 7. Experience Type and Mood 93 8. Temporary Variations in Experience Type 94 9. Changes in Experience Type in the Course of the Life Span 95 10. Comparative Researches in Experience Type 96 11. Affective Status (Personality) 97 12. Imagination 102 13. Experience Type and Type of Imagery 104 14. Experience Type and the Sense Hallucinated 107 15. Experience Type and Talent 107 16. Variations and Comparisons of Talents 110 17. Experience Type, Talent and Instinct 113 18. Experience Type, Personality and Talent 115 19. Experience Type and Illness 115 20. The Development of Experience Type 118 V* The Use of the Foxm Interpretation Test im Diagnosis. 1. Practicability 120 2. Possible Objections to the Test 121 3. Computations for the Purpose of Diagnosis . 122 4. The Content of the Interpretations 122 5. The Test and Psychoanalysis 123 Examples. Normal (including feeblemindedness and non-psychotic moodiness) : 1. Average Normal 126 2. Sample Test of Subject of Above Average Attainments ...... 128 3. Sample Test of Subject of Below Average Attainments 130 4. Feebleminded Individual 132 5. Hypomanic (Mild Cyciothymic) 133 6. Introversive Tendency in Individual in Extratensive Occupation .... 135 7. Imaginative Individual 137 8. Pedant 139 9. Normal, Advanced Age 140 Neuroses: 10. Hysteria 142 11. Neurasthenia (Abulia, Infantilism) 143 12. Compulsion Neurosis 146 13. Nervous Exhaustion* (Latent Schizophrenia) 155 Psychoses : 1. Schizophrenic: 14. Dementia Simplex 158 15. Hebephrenia ............. .... 159 16. Akdic Catalonia ........ ... ..... 161 II. Catalonia; Motor Excitement and Scattering ......... 162 IS. Catalonia Snowing Blocking ......... .... 165 19. Paranoid Schizophrenia ............... 167 2. Manic-depressiYe: 20. Depression ............. ..... 168 21. Elation ...... ....... ..... 169 3. Epilepsy: 22. Typical Epileptic Dementia, Rapid Course .......... 170 23. Epileptoid .... .............. 173 4. Organic Psychoses: 24. Arteriosclerotic Dementia with Depression .......... 174 25. Korsakoff Psychosis ................ 17S 26. ProgressiYe Paralysis ......... ..... 178 27. Senile Dementia ................ 179 28. Encephalitis Lethargica ......... - ..... ISO Summary .................... 181 YIL lite Application of the Font l^ei-p^etallon test. The Application of the Form Interpretation test ......... 184 Publications of Hermann Rorschach ..... ....... 217 Outstanding Publications on the Rorschach Method ......... 218 18841922. Hermann Rorschach was born in Zurich, November 8, 1884. His youth was spent with the younger children in the family in Schaffhausen. It was originally his intention to study natural science, hot the death of his father, a teacher of drawing, precipitated a situation in which the young man turned to Ernst Haekel for advice, and it was suggested that he go into medicine. He followed the advice, studied in Neuenburg, Zurich, 'Berne and Berlin, completing his studies and qualifying in 1910. The same year he married a Russian colleague who soon became his comrade and collaborator. He be- came an assistant physician, first in the insane asylum at Muensterlingen, then at Muensingen. He accepted a position in a private sanatorium in Moscow in 1913 but returned to Switzerland after one year. From June, 1914, to No- vember, 1915, he was physician in the psychiatric clinic and asylum at Bern- Waldau, after which time he became assistant physician in a hospital in Herisau. While still holding this position he died, April 2, 1922, after only a few days illness due to appendicitis complicated by peritonitis. Only those who knew Hermann Rorschach's versatility can understand what his death meant and still means to Swiss Psychiatry. He was not only a congenial co-worker, an extraordinary colleague and comrade, and a kind person; he possessed as well outstanding qualities as a practical psychiatrist and as a research scientist. Flexibility of character, rapid adaptability, fine acumen, and a sense for the practical were combined in Hermann Rorschach with a talent for intro- spection and synthesis. It was this combination which made him outstanding. In addition to this rare nature, which tempered personal emotional experience with practical knowledge, he possessed sound traits of character most valu- able in a psychiatrist. Most important of these were an unerring tendency to search for the truth, a strict critical faculty which he did not hesitate to apply to himself, and a warmth of feeling and kindness. These few remarks will make it possible for those who could not know Rorschach to imagine what he was, and what he might have become. Bleuler of fittingly expressed this when he said, Hermann Rorschach was the hope an entire generation of Swiss Psychiatry . Dr. W. Morgenthaler. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.
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