DOCSLIB.ORG

Outsourcing Destination Guide Romania

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Outsourcing Destination Guide Romania Published by: In co-operation with: With support from: ROMANIA OUTSOURCING DESTINATION GUIDE ITO & BPO MARKET EXAMPLES BY GERMAN OUTSOURCING CONTACTS ASSOCIATION TALENT KNOWLEDGE MOTIVATION PROXIMITY ROMANIAN ITO & BPO SERVICES www.outsourcing-destinations.org Outsourcing Destination Guide Romania With the Outsourcing Destination Guide Romania we inform about the capabilities and actors of the Romanian ITO and BPO industry. We inform about market, conditions and actors and show case unique solutions in- vented by Romanian service industry experts in the form of case studies and project reports. As a result we help decision makers to better understand the advantages and condi- tions in working with Romanian IT- and business services providers. 6 - Market Insights 18 - Industry Cluster & Associations 22 - Shared Service & BPO Centers 24 - Projects & Case Studies 50 - Profiles & Contacts Independent information guide by German Outsourcing Association in co-operation with ABSL, ANIS and ClujIT Industry associations and cluster Romania for free global distribution. Calea Victoriei Bukarest Picture: Mihai Petre Dacia Duster Picture: Edoardo Costa, Wiki, flickr Transfăgărășan, Carpathians Picture: Horia Varlan, Romania Financial Plaza Bucharest Picture: Mihai Petre THE ROMANIAN ITO & BPO INDUSTRY 6 - Outsourcing to Romania: Building a Compelling Case - by ANIS – As- sociation of the Software and Services Industry in Romania 12 - Romania – Benchmark, IT Centers (Cities) & its BPO Industry - by Tünde Székely, Publication Chair, General Council, German Outsourcing Association 6www.outsourcing-destinations.org THE ROMANIAN ITO & BPO INDUSTRY Outsourcing to Romania: Building a Compelling Case By ANIS – Association of the Software and Services Industry in Romania In 2012, after several quarters of Romanian companies directly or professionals and graduates. ongoing contraction of the GDP, indirectly involved in software Moreover, there is a sizable num- Romania’s economy managed to development, customization and ber of local companies that pro- grow by 0.7% compared to 2011, commercialization. Undeniably, vide exclusive custom software but still under the National Bank’s there is huge potential for IT soft- development for offshore/near- forecast of 1% growth for 2012. ware and services in Romania, as shore clients in the U.S., Western the penetration rate is still very Europe (France, Italy, Germany, The IT market in Romania grew low compared to similar econo- Benelux, United Kingdom), and, 4.3% year on year in 2012 to reach mies. more recently, the Middle East. a value of $2.92 billion. Hardware accounted for 70.3% of the total Despite several factors need- Romania currently has around 50 market, while software made up ing improvement to maintain offshore centers owned by large 14.8% and IT services 14.9%. IDC or increase the country’s attrac- international IT vendors. More expects IT spending in Romania tiveness for future foreign direct than half of these are business to grow at a CAGR (Compound- investments (FDI), outsourcing process outsourcing (BPO) cent- ed Annual Growth Rate) of 2.4% remains a very profitable busi- ers, 30% are IT services-related over the next five years to total ness in Romania. The country’s centers, and less than 20% are $3.37 billion in 2017. attractiveness as a sourcing loca- R&D facilities. tion is rooted in the lower costs With an expected CAGR of 3.3% of doing business when com- During the last five years, offshor- during the same period, the soft- pared to other countries in the ing in Romania has moved from ware market will expand more region, as well as in the large, basic near-shore provisions to and at a faster pace than the highly skilled pool of IT workers, services with high added value overall IT industry, thus repre- together with a strong aptitude (engineering and software de- senting a huge opportunity for for foreign languages among velopment). According to the Copyright @ All rights reserved. German Outsourcing Association 7 THE ROMANIAN ITO & BPO INDUSTRY Romanian Ministry of IT and accounted for over 62% of total 2011. In 2012, the Romanian Communications, the number of IT services exports in 2012. The IT sector employed more than employees currently working in other traditional outsourcing 60,000 professionals. The ma- outsourcing (local, offshore, and services, such as BPO, managed jority of them (more than 80%) near-shore) is around 50,000, services, research and develop- are technical specialists, such compared with the 15,000 re- ment services, and engineering as software engineers, analysts, corded in 2007. services together account for the developers, and project manag- remaining 38% of total IT servic- ers. Management and business The growth of the local software es exports. professionals represent less than market (for both packaged and 20% of the total. custom applications) has two Romania’s IT services offshore main sources of development. market reached approximately With more than 300,000 tertiary The first is, as mentioned, the $485 million in 2012 (excluding education graduates per year, establishment of new offshore/ the export of pure licenses) and of which nearly 4,000 are pure nearshore centers in Romania by is expected to accelerate its im- computing graduates, Romania foreign companies seeking new petus in the next years. The struc- seems to have secured its pool opportunities to bring down ture of the offshore/nearshore of candidates in the information costs, and the second is the rise market in Romania is the follow- and communications technol- of local companies more involved ing: IT services (custom applica- ogy sector. As revealed by the in creating their own intellectual tion development/CAD, support, latest IDC-ANIS survey, most of property and successful branded and testing services) account for Romania’s software companies applications. 62%, BPO services for 29%, and increased their number of em- R&D (engineering services) for ployees over the past three years Several factors have contributed the remaining 9%. and are looking to expand fur- to Romania’s appeal as a sourc- ther in the coming three-year ing location. However, it is worth period. mentioning at this point that the Romania’s Competi- main competitive advantages tive Assessment Demand for IT professionals is offered by Romania are still the now greater than ever, generat- lower costs of doing business From human resources to tech- ing marked salary increases and compared to other countries in nology adoption, Romania is well difficulty in recruitment for cer- the region such Slovenia and positioned to compete interna- tain and senior positions. During Croatia, a highly skilled and large tionally in the information tech- the last few years, staff turno- pool of human resources, and nology market. In the following, ver rates at local organizations the market size. we are looking closer at Roma- have decreased substantially as nia’s key competitive strengths, a result of improving salaries, In terms of export revenue struc- the country’s direct competitors, better working conditions, and ture, the overwhelming major- comparative overview of Roma- the emergence of strong teams ity of IT services revenue comes nia vis-à-vis these countries. within companies, among other from customization services (in- factors. cluding custom application de- Romania has the largest pool of velopment services and applica- human capital in Southeastern The latest IDC-ANIS survey tion customization) and support Europe (SEE), with a total labor among local software companies services. These two categories force of more than 9 million in revealed that Romania’s most 8 Copyright @ All rights reserved. German Outsourcing Association THE ROMANIAN ITO & BPO INDUSTRY threatening competitors when nia compares to the four above- state of the economy and thus it comes to attracting offshore/ mentioned countries. the effect of the aforementioned nearshore investments are Rus- political and regulatory factors. sia (26% of respondents), Ukraine To varying degrees, economic Strong macroeconomic indica- (23% of respondents), Bulgaria and political factors influence the tors suggest a favorable climate (17% of respondents), and Po- cost of running a business in a for foreign investment. land (16% of respondents). In the given country. Indicators such as following, we analyse how Roma- GDP and FDI reflect the current Comparison of Economic and Political Factors, 2011 Measurement Romania Bulgaria Russia Ukraine Poland Political Stability (country risk) 67.5 67.1 73.4 64.8 73.9 Investment into Education - US$M 9%* 10.7%* 18.2%* 17.4%* 12.4%* Corruption Perception Index (CPI) 3.6 3.3 2.4 2.3 5.5 Employee Visa Waiver Schemes No No No No No GDP per capita (US$) 8,862 7,131 12,948 3,618 13,451 FDI (US$M) 1,390 973 -19,738 8,340 12,927 Unemployment rate 7.40% 11.10% 6.50% 7.50% 9.70% Piracy rates 63% 64% 63% 84% 53& Note: *estimate ; Data Source: PRS Group, Forfas, Transparency International, National Finance Departments, IDC, 2012 ; Table Source: Software and IT Services in Romania, ANIS, 2013 Over the last decade, the costs Based on the table above, Roma- improving the overall economic of doing business in CEE have nia presents a mixed picture: The conditions to increase the GDP risen significantly, in line with country is relatively politically per capita. the growth experienced in the stable, enjoys a rather low un- five economies. Despite the re- employment rate, and provides a Poland and Russia are by far cent economic turbulence in the decent level of intellectual prop- the most advanced countries in region, the countries have con- erty rights. However, significant terms of ICT adoption, each with tinued on growth trajectories, improvements are needed in ICT spending of around $500 per reflected in the GDP per capita in terms of investing more into the capita. When looking at IT and all five. educational system, attracting communications spending com- more foreign investment, and bined, Romania outpaces only Copyright @ All rights reserved.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tradenet Presentation Chamber of Kavala 13 3 2012
    PROJECT BLACK SEA TRADENET DOING BUSINESS WITH ROMANIA RODICA BELTEU – CONSTANTA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, INDUSTRY, SHIPPING AND AGRICULTURE WORKSHOP DOBRICH, BULGARIA, 13-14 MARCH 2012 COUNTRY PROFILE Official name: ROMANIA Flag and coat of arms: Legal system: Romania is a parliamentary republic. The Parliament represents the legislative power in the state. It is a bicameral 471-seat Parliament composed of the Senate (137 seats) and the Chamber of Deputies (334 seats). The Government, led by a prime-minister appointed by the president of the country, is the executive power. Geographical location: Romania is located in the geographical center of Europe (southeastern of Central Europe), on the Black Sea coast. It lies on north of the Balkanic peninsula, inside and outside the Carpathian arch, on the lower Danube (1075 km) and by the Black Sea. Frontiers: The length of Romania’s frontiers is of 3150 km, of which 1085.5 km are terrestrial frontiers, and 2064.5 km water frontiers. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and Moldova to the northeast and east, and Bulgaria to the south. Area: With a surface area of 238,391 km², Romania is the largest country in southeastern Europe and the twelfth-largest in Europe. 1 COUNTRY PROFILE COUNTRY PROFILE Relief: Romania’s relief is composed of three main levels, namely the high level of the Carpathian Mountains, the middle level of the Sub-Carpathians, hills and plateaus, and the lowlands of plains, meadows and Danube Delta. These major relief forms are disposed in balanced concentric areas: 31% mountains, 36% hills and 33% lowlands.
    [Show full text]
  • Usaid and Child Welfare Reform in Romania
    USAID AND CHILD WELFARE REFORM IN ROMANIA CHALLENGES, SUCCESSES, AND LEGACY JULY 2006 This report was produced for the Social Transition Team, Office of Democracy, Governance and Social Transition of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID/DGST/E&E) by Aguirre International, a division of JBS International, Inc. It was prepared under Task Order 12 of the Global Evaluation and Monitoring (GEM) IQC, Contract No. FAO-I-00-99-00010-00. The authors are Lucia Correll, Tim Correll, and Marius Predescu. USAID AND CHILD WELFARE REFORM IN ROMANIA Challenges, Successes, and Legacy The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Romanian Child Welfare Legacy Report TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYM LIST.......................................................................................................................... V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ IX Background on USAID’s Child Welfare Programs in Romania .............................................. ix The Politics of International Adoption..................................................................................... xi The Legacy ............................................................................................................................ xi Key Lessons Learned ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Romania, December 2006
    Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Country Profile: Romania, December 2006 COUNTRY PROFILE: ROMANIA December 2006 COUNTRY Formal Name: Romania. Short Form: Romania. Term for Citizen(s): Romanian(s). Capital: Bucharest (Bucureşti). Click to Enlarge Image Major Cities: As of 2003, Bucharest is the largest city in Romania, with 1.93 million inhabitants. Other major cities, in order of population, are Iaşi (313,444), Constanţa (309,965), Timişoara (308,019), Craiova (300,843), Galati (300,211), Cluj-Napoca (294,906), Braşov (286,371), and Ploeşti (236,724). Independence: July 13, 1878, from the Ottoman Empire; kingdom proclaimed March 26, 1881; Romanian People’s Republic proclaimed April 13, 1948. Public Holidays: Romania observes the following public holidays: New Year’s Day (January 1), Epiphany (January 6), Orthodox Easter (a variable date in April or early May), Labor Day (May 1), Unification Day (December 1), and National Day and Christmas (December 25). Flag: The Romanian flag has three equal vertical stripes of blue (left), yellow, and red. Click to Enlarge Image HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Early Human Settlement: Human settlement first occurred in the lands that now constitute Romania during the Pleistocene Epoch, which began about 600,000 years ago. About 5500 B.C. the region was inhabited by Indo-European people, who in turn gave way to Thracian tribes. Today’s Romanians are in part descended from the Getae, a Thracian tribe that lived north of the Danube River. During the Bronze Age (about 2200 to 1200 B.C.), these Thraco-Getian tribes engaged in agriculture, stock raising, and trade with inhabitants of the Aegean Sea coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism Demand in Romania
    Tourism Demand in Romania Manuela Sofia STĂNCULESCU1 Research Institute for the Quality of Life, Romanian Academy University of Bucharest Monica MARIN2 Research Institute for the Quality of Life, Romanian Academy Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the evolution and main characteristics of tourism in Romania from the demand side. The study is organized in two parts.The first part focuses on the holiday trips of at least one overnight stay. The approach is comparative, Romania being benchmarked against the EU-27 average. The analysis shows that the touristic demand in Romania has followed a trend parallel with the GDP curve as the touristic demand is strongly correlated with the level of population disposable income. The second part of the analysis refers to the same-day trips (with no overnight stay). Among the same-day visits of the Romanian residents, the domestic trips predominate by far. Main purposes include visiting relatives or friends, shopping, leisure and recreation (including picnic) or medical treatment. Key words: tourism; tourism demand; holiday trips; same-day trips. Introduction This paper analyzes the statistics in the field of tourism from the demand side. ‘Tourist’ is considered here in line with the definition adopted at the UN Conference on Tourism and International Travel (Rome, 1963), as completed at the International Conference on Travel and Tourism Statistics in Ottawa (Canada, 1991), which has been implemented by Eurostat at the European level since 2004. Thus, ‘tourism means the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes’3 (Eurostat, 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • Romanian Exceptionalism 2016 Irina Oana Gheorgh
    Explaining the Persistence of Unprofessional Bureaucracy in a Modernising State: Romanian Exceptionalism A Thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Faculty of Humanities 2016 Irina Oana Gheorghe Alliance Manchester Business School/People, Management and Organisations Table of Contents Chapter 1: The Challenge of Modernising Public Administration in Romania 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………… 9 1.1 The problem with Romanian Public Administration................... 13 1.2 Aims and Objectives.................................................................... 16 1.3 Structure of the Thesis…………………………………………………………… 22 1.4 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………… 26 Chapter 2: Public Administration in Romania: The legacy of the Past 2.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………… 28 2.2 Institutional Theories…………………………………………………………..… 29 2.3 International level of analysis for Public Management…………… 39 2.4 European/Regional level of analysis of Public Management…… 48 2.5 Adapting Managerialism to Public Administration………………… 53 2.6 Towards a Framework of Analysis…………………………………………… 59 2.7 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………… 61 Chapter 3: Research Data and Methodology 3.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………… 63 3.2 Institutionalism and Method…………………………………………………… 66 3.3 Research Design and Method………………………………………………… 67 3.4 Developing the Research Methods: Elite interviewing…………… 73 3.5 The use of Secondary Data……………………………………………………… 75 3.6 Developing the Interview Questions……………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Bk Inno 001904.Pdf
    LESSON NOTES Intermediate S1 #1 Giving Your Opinion in Romanian CONTENTS 2 Romanian 2 English 3 Vocabulary 4 Sample Sentences 5 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 6 Grammar 10 Cultural Insight # 1 COPYRIGHT © 2018 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ROMANIAN 1. Profesor În opinia lui Durkheim, sociologia este o știință distinctă și Petrescu: autonomă. 2. Marcel: Domnule profesor, mă scuzați, cum ați zis că se numește lucrarea de bază scrisă de Durkheim? 3. Profesor Da, "Regulile metodei sociologice", publicată în anul 1895. Petrescu: 4. Marcel: Mulțumesc. Aș vrea să o citesc. Credeți că sunt șanse să o găsesc la biblioteca universității? 5. Profesor Da, sigur. Dacă nu o găsiți, vă rog să mă contactați. Aș vrea Petrescu: să pregătiți pentru seminar o prezentare în perechi a punctelor cheie din această lucrare. 6. Simona: Mă scuzați, aș putea face eu echipă cu Marcel? 7. Profesor Da, sigur. Marcel, ești de acord că lucrezi cu Simona și să Petrescu: prezentați săptămâna viitoare? 8. Marcel: Sigur. Am însă o problemă, nu mă pot pregăti pentru următorul seminar deoarece am un alt examen la un curs opțional. Se poate amâna pentru încă o săptămână? Mulțumesc. 9. Profesor Da, pentru mine este în ordine. Stabilește și cu Simona și Petrescu: dați-mi de veste dacă vă pot ajuta cu ceva. ENGLISH 1. Professor According to Durkheim, sociology is a distinct and Petrescu: autonomous science. CONT'D OVER ROMANIANPOD101.COM INTERMEDIATE S1 #1 - GIVING YOUR OPINION IN ROMANIAN 2 2. Marcel: Professor, excuse me, what did you say Durkheim's basic work is called? 3. Professor Well it's "The Rules of the Sociological Method," published in Petrescu: 1895.
    [Show full text]
  • ROMANIA Country Case Study on the Integrated Delivery of Long-Term Care
    ROMANIA Country case study on the integrated delivery of long-term care WHO Regional Office for Europe series on integrated delivery of long-term care ROMANIA Country case study on the integrated delivery of long-term care WHO Regional Office for Europe series on integrated delivery of long-term care Abstract This report describes the main findings and policy pointers of an assessment of the current conditions of integrated delivery of long-term health and social services in Romania. The country has advanced in enacting legislation to regulate the provision of long-term care. Service provision is limited to social services, whereas the health component is not defined by law. The current provision of long-term care is insufficient, services are fragmented and there are no defined pathways of care. The system relies heavily on families to provide care, but services for unpaid caregivers are underdeveloped. There is an acute shortage of workers, caused by migration of workers to other European countries. Keywords LONG-TERM CARE HEALTH SERVICES FOR THE AGED CAREGIVERS INTEGRATED DELIVERY SYSTEMS WOMEN’S HEALTH SERVICES ROMANIA Address requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe UN City, Marmorvej 51 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office website (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). © World Health Organization 2020 All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full.
    [Show full text]
  • National Report – Romania
    Study of Volunteering in the European Union Country Report Romania NATIONAL REPORT – ROMANIA Study of Volunteering in the European Union Country Report Romania CONTENTS 1 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT VOLUNTEERING IN ROMANIA ........................................... 1 1.1 History and contextual background ................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Definitions....................................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Number and profile of volunteers ................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Number and type of voluntary organisations ................................................................................. 8 1.5 Main voluntary activities ............................................................................................................... 10 2 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Main public bodies and other organisations involved in volunteering .......................................... 10 2.2 Policies ......................................................................................................................................... 11 2.3 Programmes ................................................................................................................................. 12 3 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Stage of Development of Transport Services in Romania Compared to European Union
    Advances in Fiscal, Political and Law Science Stage of Development of Transport Services in Romania Compared to European Union CECILIA-IRINA RABONTU Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, “Constantin Brancusi” University of TarguJiu Address: Victoria Steet, no.24, TarguJiu, Gorj County, ROMANIA [email protected] ANA-GABRIELA BABUCEA Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, “Constantin Brancusi” University of TarguJiu Address: Victoria Steet, no.24, TarguJiu, Gorj County, ROMANIA [email protected] Abstract: Transportation represents an economic activity side of human society, organized to prevail distances. It is an integral part of the tertiary sector and is individualized, trade and tourism with significant percentages in achieving service indicators. Some specialists say that transportation is not an end in itself but only middle and a way to achieve a wide range of practical purposes. To highlight the role and importance of transport can be done by analysing their relationships with various economic, social and political needs of activity of society members. We have proposed in this paper to analyse economic relationships and to establish the level of development of transport services in Romania within the European Union. This paper intends, and in our opinion succeeds, to address the ample issue of transport services, level of development, providing a comprehensive picture, coherent, logically structured on elements that give it specific and individualized it as an economic sector. Key-Words: - transportation, goods, passengers, Romania, comparison, European Union 1 Introduction to moving in space for various reasons and bringing The role of the transportation services for the products in the most remote places, tourism, intermediate or final consumption brings forward travel to work, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Romania: Models for Commercial Financing of an Emerging Private Health Sector the Banking on Health Project
    ROMANIA: MODELS FOR COMMERCIAL FINANCING OF AN EMERGING PRIVATE HEALTH SECTOR THE BANKING ON HEALTH PROJECT September 2009 The Banking on Health Project produced this publication for review by the United States Agency for International Development. Recommended Citation: Tarantino, Lisa, and Maria Doiciu. 2009. Romania: Models for Commercial Financing of an Emerging Private Health Sector. Bethesda, MD: Banking on Health, Abt Associates Inc. Download: Download Banking on Health publications at www.bankingonhealth.com. Contract/Project No.: GPO-I-00-04-00007-00 Submitted to: USAID Marguerite Farrell, CTO Office of Population and Reproductive Health United States Agency for International Development Photos: Banking on Health, Libra Bank, Banca Transilvania, and Opportunity Microcredit Romania Abt Associates Inc. 14800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 600 Bethesda, Maryland 20814 Tel: 301.347.5000 Fax: 301.347.5610 www.bankingonhealth.com www.abtassoc.com In collaboration with: Banyan Global ACDI/VOCA Bitrán y Asociados IntraHealth International ROMANIA: MODELS FOR COMMERCIAL FINANCING OF AN EMERGING PRIVATE HEALTH SECTOR THE BANKING ON HEALTH PROJECT DISCLAIMER The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) or the United States Government. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms ....................................................................................... ix Acknowledgements ...................................................................... xi List of
    [Show full text]
  • DIOMIS Romania
    DIOMIS Evolution of intermodal rail/road traffic in Central and Eastern Sandra Géhénot International Union of Railways Tel: +33 (0) 1 44 49 20 84 16, rue Jean Rey - F 75015 Paris Fax: +33 (0) 1 44 49 20 79 Tel: +33 (0) 1 44 49 20 20 European Countries by 2020 www.uic.org/diomis Fax: +33 (0) 1 44 49 20 29 e-mail: [email protected] www.uic.org ROMANIA Developing Infrastructure & Operating Models for Intermodal Shift © ETF publication - 2010 January 2010 ISBN 978-2-7461-1771-6 Warning No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced or distributed by any means whatsoever, including electronic, except for private and individual use, without the express permission of the International Union of Railways (UIC). The same applies for translation, adaptation or transformation, arrangement or reproduction by any method or procedure whatsoever. The sole exceptions - noting the author’s name and the source - are “analyses and brief quotations justifi ed by the critical, argumentative, educational, scientifi c or informative nature of the publication into which they are incorporated”. (Articles L 122-4 and L122-5 of the French Intellectual Property Code). © Copyright - Paris, 2010 CONTENTS 1. Socio-economic information on Romania ................................1 1.1 - Population .........................................................................................................2 1.2 - Economy ...........................................................................................................3 1.3 - Freight traffi c .....................................................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutions in Postal and Courier Services in Romania
    Annals of the „Constantin Brâncuşi” University of Târgu Jiu, Economy Series, Issue 5/2016 EVOLUTIONS IN POSTAL AND COURIER SERVICES IN ROMANIA CECILIA IRINA RABONTU CONSTANTIN BRANCUSI UNIVERSITY OF TARGU JIU FACULTY OF ECONOMICS e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Postal services have emerged and existed because of the need for communication and their millenary existence was achieved due to three elements: the only channel of communication, the state of monopoly conferred by the status of the state institution and therefore no competition. The most important known moments in the history of postal services, which led to reforms are: unification of postage charges, postal stamp appearance and now, liberalization of postal services. The slow development of the postal sector varies from country to country, depending on the state of development of the country and within countries depending on the gap between urban and rural areas. The operation of postal services throughout their existence was and is provided by specific legislation and it should be aligned with international postal legislation, to ensure continuity of information. There can be no country to formulate its own laws or its own organization, without regard to organization and international regulations. Both the specificity and diversity of postal services causes a special approach in the context of their market and also in the services market context. Postal services are services of general interest, which emerged from communication need, from personal or official needs, not from economic needs. As an alternative to postal services have emerged and developed rapidly the courier services that come to complete and even compete to this category of services.
    [Show full text]