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MICROCARROS EUROPEUS Design E Mobilidade Sustentável
UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE BELAS-ARTES MICROCARROS EUROPEUS Design e Mobilidade sustentável Maria João Tavares dos Santos Gabriel Dissertação Mestrado em Design de Equipamento Especialização em Design de Produto Dissertação orientada pelo Professor Doutor Paulo Parra 2019 DECLARAÇÃO DE AUTORIA Eu, Maria João Tavares dos Santos Gabriel, declaro que a presente dissertação de mestrado intitulada “MICROCARROS EUROPEUS”, é o resultado da minha investigação pessoal e independente. O conteúdo é original e todas as fontes consultadas estão devidamente mencionadas na bibliografia ou outras listagens de fontes documentais, tal como todas as citações diretas ou indiretas têm devida indicação ao longo do trabalho segundo as normas académicas. O Candidato Lisboa, 31 de outubro de 2019 RESUMO A presente dissertação tem como tema “Microcarros Europeus – Design e Mobilidade sustentável”. O principal objetivo deste trabalho traduz-se na construção de uma leitura sistematizada do projeto e implementação de microcarros europeus ao longo do século XX, tendo em vista não só o esclarecimento/definição do próprio conceito, mas também a perceção do seu papel atual e futuro a nível da mobilidade urbana sustentável. Neste sentido, percorrem-se dimensões como o design específico dos veículos, antecessores, autores e empresas envolvidas, assim como o contexto socioeconómico inerente. Como metodologia, realizou-se uma pesquisa exaustiva em fontes bibliográficas e fontes on-line, para além de contactos diretos com colecionadores e especialistas na temática, através de fóruns de debate e participação em encontros e mostras nacionais. Os microcarros consistem em veículos motorizados, que surgiram na Europa após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, num contexto de escassez de recursos económicos, energéticos e de materiais de produção. -
Orange Times Issue 2
The Orange Times Bruce McLaren Trust June / July 2014, Issue #2 Farewell Sir Jack 1926 - 2014 Along with the motorsport fraternity worldwide I was extremely saddened to th hear of Sir Jack’s recent passing on the 19 May. The McLaren family and Jack have shared a wonderful life-long friendship, starting with watching his early racing days in New Zealand, then Pop McLaren purchasing the Bobtail Cooper from Jack after the NZ summer racing season of 1957. For the following season of 1958, Jack made the McLaren Service Station in Remuera his base and brought the second Cooper with him from the UK for Bruce to drive in the NZIGP which culminated in Bruce being awarded the Celebrating 50 Years of “Driver to Europe”. Jack became his mentor and close friend and by 1959 McLaren Racing Bruce joined him as teammate for the Cooper Racing Team. The rest, as we say, is history but the friendship lived on and the BM Trust Following on from their Tasman Series was delighted to host Jack in New Zealand for a week of motorsport memories success, the fledgling BMMR Team set about in 2003 with Jack requesting that the priority of the trip was to be a visit to their very first sports car race with the Zerex see his “NZ Mum” Ruth McLaren, who, by then, was a sprightly 97 years old. th Special – on April 11 1964 at Oulton Park and I shared a very special hour with the two of them together and the love and this was a DNF/oil pressure. -
24 HEURES DU MANS 2020 Sommaire Contents
DOSSIER DE PRESSE - PRESS KIT 24 HEURES DU MANS 2020 Sommaire Contents Ligier Automotive, un seul nom, une seule force 2-3 Ligier Automotive, one name, one force Ligier, une marque française créée en 1969 4 Ligier, a French make created in 1969 Implication aux 24 Heures du Mans en LMP2 5-6 Involvement in the 24 Hours of Le Mans in LMP2 La Ligier JS P217 7-8 The Ligier JS P217 Les équipes Ligier LMP2 aux 24 Heures du Mans 2020 9 The LMP2 Ligier teams in the 2020 Le Mans 24 Hours Implication à Road to Le Mans en LMP3 10-11 Involvement in Road to Le Mans in LMP3 La Ligier JS P320, LMP3 nouvelle génération 12-13 The Ligier JS P320, new generation LMP3 La Ligier JS P320, des débuts réussis 14-15 A successful start for the Ligier JS P320 Les équipes Ligier LMP3 à Road to Le Mans 2020 16-17 The LMP3 Ligier teams in the 2020 Road to Le Mans La Ligier European Series, le « Ligier Le Mans Spirit » 18-19 The Ligier European Series, the “Ligier Le Mans Spirit” Un constructeur de voitures aux multiples facettes 20-21 A multi-faceted car manufacturer Principaux succès 22-23 Main successes Contact et informations 24 Contact & information Ligier Automotive, un seul nom, une seule force Ligier Automotive, one name, one force 31 décembre 2018. Ligier, marque historique du sport automobile, réunit sous une même bannière quatre sociétés : Onroak Automotive et Tork Engineering, constructeurs de voitures de course, OAK Racing, écurie de course et Sodemo, motoriste. -
Red Bull Racing 1:23.619 1:21.773 1:20.981 2 S
2017 FIA Formula One™ World Championship FORMULA 1 GRAN PREMIO DE ESPAÑA PIRELLI 2017 12 – 14 May 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Time Schedule FORMULA 1 GRAN PREMIO DE ESPAÑA PIRELLI 2017 Welcome to Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya The Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in detail Recommendations to get to Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya Media Centre Operation Formula One Press Conference Schedule 2011/2016 Spanish Grand Prix results Media Contacts FORMULA 1 GRAN PREMIO DE ESPAÑA PIRELLI 2017 Officials 2017 Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya Race Calendar 2017 FIA Formula One World Championship™ Calendar 2017 FIA Formula One World Championship™ Entry list 2017 FIA Formula One World Championship™ Classification Drivers and Teams Statistics 2017 FIA Formula One World Championship™: Australia, China, Bahrain and Russia Appendix The Formula One Spanish Grand Prix 1913-2016 Circuit general map, grandstands and giant screens Red Zones map TIME SCHEDULE THURSDAY, 11th May 13.00 Gates and Ticket Offices Opening 16.00 - 18.30 Formula One Pit Lane Walk (with 3-day or Sunday ticket) 18:00-18:30 Go Karting Karting driver demo meet & greet F1 Drivers FRIDAY, 12th May 08.00 Gates and Ticket Offices Opening 10.00 - 11.30 Formula One 1st Practice Session 12.00 - 12.45 FIA Formula 2 Practice Session 14.00 - 15.30 Formula One 2nd Practice Session 15.55 - 16.25 FIA Formula 2 Qualifying Session 16.45 - 17.30 GP3 Series Practice Session 17.50 - 18.35 Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup Practice Session SATURDAY, 13th May 08.00 Gates and Ticket Offices Opening 09.45 - 10.15 GP3 Series Qualifying -
Formula for Success: Multilevel Modelling of Formula One Driver and Constructor Performance, 1950-2014
This is a repository copy of Formula for success: Multilevel modelling of Formula One Driver and Constructor performance, 1950-2014. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/96995/ Version: Supplemental Material Article: Bell, A. orcid.org/0000-0002-8268-5853, Smith, J., Sabel, C.E. et al. (1 more author) (2016) Formula for success: Multilevel modelling of Formula One Driver and Constructor performance, 1950-2014. Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports, 12 (2). pp. 99-112. ISSN 1559-0410 https://doi.org/10.1515/jqas-2015-0050 Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Online appendix to Formula for Success: Multilevel modelling of Formula One driver and constructor performance, 1950-2014. This appendix provides further figures and tables that could not be included in the printed version of the paper, but which may nonetheless be of interest to some readers. -
Ligiertsiiforitfi
ITEM 20012 LIGIERTSIIFORITFI w*mgp' For motor sports fans throughout the World colour of France, had such notable victories. Die abgerundete (arosserie-typisch Ligierist Grand Prix races are amongst the most popular. *** nalJrli, h ern Prndukl au. dem \\,ndkarrjl. Nlit N4ore than ten countries now hold Grand Prix Das erste Crand Prix Rennen wurde 1906 in Le grosster Sorglalt w,urde.. jeder unnotige Luft- Mans geiahren und von Renault gerronnen. Seit- widerstand vermieden. Uberall-an Karosse, an meetings, but the first Grand Prix ever held was .10 in France in 1906. t\4any Frenchmen have a great her werden diese Rennen in mehr als Lindern Front, an der Seite und auch die Aus-Puifanlage- passion {or car racing and one o{ these is Guy ausgetraSen. Le N4ans wurde durch die 2.1 alles wurde dem leichten Abfluss der Luft an- Ligier, the owner ol the Liqier Team who had Stunden-Rennen weltbekannt und spielt eine scoasst. 1979 I grosse Rolle in der Weilerentwicklung des lm'Crand Pri\ ArBellinien. dem er\len Rpnnen considerable success in the Formula .197!1, Grand Prix circuits. The Lrgier Team began tak- Autornobil-Sportes. Besondere Aktivit;t im wurden die beiden ersten Platze inr Vorlauf ing part ln F-1 racing in 1976 having previously Rennsport zeigt der Franzose Cuy Ligier, Che{ belegt und I. Laftite Eiewann das Rennen. Das war entered such races as the Le Mans z4-hout race. des Ligier Rennstalles. erst der Aniang tur das Team L gier's. lm folgen- The first Ligier car was equipped with a V 12 I976 steig dieses Team in die Formel 'l ein. -
BMW Sauber F1 Team
Media Information BMW Sauber F1 Team 1/2006 Page 1 Contents. 1. Team. .................................................................................................................................. 2 Fresh start. .............................................................................................................................. 2 Warm up. ................................................................................................................................. 5 Who’s who. ............................................................................................................................. 8 Pit stop in Munich. ................................................................................................................ 9 Pit stop in Hinwil. ................................................................................................................. 11 2. Season. ........................................................................................................................... 12 Grand prix information. ...................................................................................................... 12 Looking ahead. .................................................................................................................... 15 Regulations. .......................................................................................................................... 24 3. Technology. ................................................................................................................. -
For Canadian Racing Fans Gathered at Mosport (Canadian
or canadian racing fans gathered at mosport (canadian tire motor- leneuve to cheer on, though he finished the friday qualifying session with fsport Park) on october 9, 1977, there was to be drama aplenty. num- a crash at moss corner. there was also the wolf wr1 designed by the ber one, and the big focus for fans and i was the debut of gilles Villeneuve great Harvey Postlethwaite, owned by canadian walter wolf and sporting in a formula 1 ferrari. a canadian, driving for ferrari! what could be bet- a canadian flag on the nose. with Jody scheckter driving, the car had ter? with flimsy credentials i had scammed a photo pass, so i could go won its very first time out in argentina and then again at monaco. pretty much anywhere i liked. could it win again in canada? crouching behind a two-foot-high piece of armco i took my photos of the cars formed up on the damp grid with minutes to go before the Villeneuve for posterity. well, ok, mainly for myself. finding the photos start. armed with my magic photo pass i walked between the front rows, recently brought back some of the memories of the race, which had clicking off a few shots of mario andretti. i was nervous. sure that some- much more than its fair share of drama. Villeneuve, to the huge delight one was going to say “where did you get that photo pass? You’re not a of canadian fans, played a large part, though he ultimately didn’t man- real photographer!” age to finish the race. -
Iaa 2013 Contents
PRESS INFO IAA 2013 CONTENTS DRIVEPLANEt LIGIER JS 50 / JS50 RC / IXO / Vipa MICROcaR F8 C / M.GO / M-8 THE No.1 ENGINE THE AIR CONDITIONING OPTION DUÉ FIRST LIGIER PROFESSIONAL BE SUN / FLEX L3 A BIT OF HISTORY LIGIER / MICROcaR / SECURity / WARRANty / THE DRIVEPLANET ECo-PROGRAM / THE LICENCe-free VEHICULE MARKET: WHO ARE THEY? /THE QUADRicycLE LEGISLatiON DRIVEPLANET OUR paSSION The Driveplanet Group FOR FREEDOM was first created with the merger of Automo- AND MOBILity biles Ligier and Microcar in 2008. It now includes four individual trade-marks, with the formation of Due in September 2010 and the launch of Ligier Professional at the beginning of the year. The group stands for human, industrial and marketing unity. They now have 200 distributors and five subsidiaries in Europe (Italy, Spain, Portugal, Germany and Austria), and are now the market leader in the heavy and light weight quadricycle sector, with 300 employees and two production sites in Vichy (in the Allier region) and Boufféré (in theV endée region). As a group founded on its family capital, Driveplanet builds on Ligier's sporting experience and Microcar's safety expertise to design and manufacture quality, innovative, safe and accessible vehicles. For Driveplanet the license free car is first and foremost a car. Driveplanetis the leader of its sector, with a projected turnover of THE LEADING 91Md for 2012, a 3% increase over 2011. W iththe E uropean MANUFACTURER marketrepresenting 22,566 unit sales (of which 12,688 were soldin F rance)at the end of 2011, the group can claim a 39% OF THE EUROPEAN hold of the market, thus 8,803 sales (with 4,866 of those in MARKET France).L igierhas cumulated 3,919 (17.8% of the market share) and Microcar 4,173 (18.5% of the market share). -
2019-Brochure-Ligier-Js-F3-Light.Pdf
Launch of the Ligier brand with the Ligier JS1 Création de la marque Ligier avec la Ligier JS1 1969 2nd overall position in the Le Mans 24 Hours with the Ligier JS2 2ème place aux 24 Heures du Mans avec la Ligier JS2 1975 1st victory in Formula 1 with the Ligier JS7 driven by Jacques Laffite 1ère victoire en F1 avec la Ligier JS7 pilotée par Jacques Laffite 1977 2nd in the F1 World Constructors’ & Drivers’ Championship with Jacques Laffite Vice-Champion du Monde F1 Pilotes et Constructeurs avec 1980 Jacques Laffite Monaco F1 GP Winner with the Ligier JS43 driven by Olivier Panis Victoire de la Ligier JS43 au GP F1 de Monaco avec Olivier Panis 1996 Pole position and 2nd place in LM P2 at the Le Mans 24 Hours with the Ligier JS P2 Pole position de la Ligier JS P2 et 2ème place aux 24 Heures du 2014 Mans en LM P2 LM P2 World Endurance Title with the Ligier JS P2 Titre mondial d’endurance LM P2 avec la Ligier JS P2 2015 Overall victory in the Daytona 24 Hours, Sebring 12 Hours and Petit Le Mans with the Ligier JS P2 Victoires de la Ligier JS P2 aux 24 Heures de Daytona, aux 12 2016 Heures de Sebring et à Petit Le Mans Ligier JS2 - 1975 ELMS, ASLMS & IMSA Prototype Challenge titles for the Ligier JS P3 LIGIER, L’ART DE LA COURSE LIGIER, L’ART Driven by his passion for motorsport Guy Ligier La marque Ligier est née en 1969 de la passion Titres de la Ligier JS P3 en ELMS, ASLMS & IMSA Prototype Challenge founded Ligier in 1969. -
John FITZPATRICK (Pilote Auto) Et Patrick TAMBAY
Le 4 septembre 1976, pour les 6 Heures de l’ACF, vous êtes au volant de la BMW 3.5 CSL n°27 du team Hermetite, au côté de Entretien avec Tom Walkinshaw, qualifié 9ème et terminant 7ème. John Fitzpatrick, pilote auto. Oui. Tom était un bon pilote et un bon ingénieur, de surcroit un bon co-équipier. Il savait régler une auto... Entretien réalisé par Thomas Désarménien Le 16 avril 1978, pour les 1000 km de Dijon, le 19.08.2018. vous pilotez la Porsche 935-77A n°5 du Gelo Racing Team avec Hans Heyer and Toine Hezemans et vous réalisez encore une bonne ème ème © COLLECTION PRIVÉE JOHN FITZPATRICK En vingt-cinq ans de carrière, débutée au début des années 1960, John Fitzpatrick course : qualifié 3 , vous terminez 2 . fut l’un des pilotes clé des championnats britanniques et européens des voitures de Tourisme et GT ainsi qu’outre-Atlantique en IMSA et en Can-Am. Vainqueur de Ce fut en effet une bonne course et un bon très nombreuses courses de 1000 km, il fut également triple vainqueurs de week-end pour nous. La 935 était bien plus catégorie aux 24 Heures du Mans (1975, 80 et 82), vainqueur des 24 Heures de simple à régler que ne l’était la RSR sur ce Daytona (1976), double vainqueur des 12 Heures de Sebring (1972 et 80) et tracé. vainqueur à Bathurst (1976). John possède l’un des plus beaux palmarès d’Endurance. En outre, de 1973 à 1979, John courut les fameux 1000 km de Dijon-Prenois. -
Interlagos. More Than 70 Years of History
INTERLAGOS. MORE THAN 70 YEARS OF HISTORY It was an Englishman, Louis S. Sanson, who designed and developed the Interlagos circuit, which opened its gates in 1940. The area was sparsely populated at the time, close to the two great water reservoirs of the city (hence the name, ‘between the lakes’) and the plans were quite ambitious including a hotel and a spa. Only the circuit was built but, of course, not in its present configuration. On May 12 1940, the track was inaugurated with 7.900 meters by then. With nearly 15,000 spectators watching, Arthur Nascimento Jr. won the race driving an Alfa Romeo. Our very beloved Chico Landi arrived in second place driving a Maserati. He kept racing at the circuit until his retirement in 1974. The first international race was held in 1947 and the winner, the Italian Achille Varzi also drove an Alfa Romeo, Chico Landi arrived in second place in his Maserati. Thirty-two years after the first race, on March 30, 1972, fifty thousand spectators saw Carlos Reutemann win the first modern Formula 1 race at the Interlagos circuit in Bernie Ecclestone’s Brabham. In the next year, Brazil definitely joined the selected group of countries on the calendar of the FIA Formula 1 World Championship. Many people think that Interlagos made it possible for motorsport to develop in the country offering a world class circuit for the various new categories that needed a home. In 1980, the Brazilian Grand Prix moved to Rio de Janeiro seeking better conditions and there were rumors that Interlagos would be turned into a housing project.