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Bilbao Universidad del País Vasco – Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Servicio Editorial = Argitalpen Zerbitzua, 2012. ISBN: 978-84-9860-595-2 Depósito Legal / Lege gordailua: BI-142-2012 Benjamín Tejerina and Ignacia Perugorría (editors) Edition: Mikel Azpiri Landa Book cover design: Josu Aguinaga Cueto From Social to Political New Forms of Mobilization and Democratization CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Edited by Benjamín Tejerina and Ignacia Perugorría From Social to Political. New Forms of Mobilization and Democratization. 4 Table of Contents Foreword . 6 Organizing Committee . 7 6FLHQWL¿F&RPPLWWHH . 7 Conference Program . 8 ARAB SPRING . .13 Mobilizing during the Arab Revolutions: Palestinian Youth Speak for Themselves Abeer Musleh (Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University) . .14 Iconography and Contestatory Language in the Arab Protest Moisés Garduño García (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) . .28 Social Media and New Technologies in Egypt and Tunisia: Two Examples of Innovative Forms of Democratization Stefania Perna (University of Reading) . .43 Gdeim Izik. A Change in the Struggle Strategies of the Sahrawi Population Carmen Gómez Martín (EHESS) . .62 15M AND “INDIGNADO” MOBILIZATIONS . .77 Antecedents, Achievements and Challenges of the Spanish Socio-Political Movement 15M Tomás Alberich Nistal (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) . .78 Continuities and Discontinuities in Recent Social Mobilizations. From New Social Movements to the Alter-Global Mobilizations and the 15M Benjamín Tejerina and Ignacia Perugorría (UPV-EHU and Rutgers University) . .93 The Assemblies of 15th May Movement in Cáceres: An Example of Democracy School, a Road to Dialogic Society Borja Rivero Jiménez (Universidad de Extremadura) . 112 Among Militants and Deliberative Laboratories: The Indignados Héloïse Nez (Université Paris 13) . 123 INTERNATIONALIZATION OF PROTESTS . 141 The Notion of the Multitude and Lessons from the Present Cycle of Struggles: The Case of Greece Nikos Sotirakopoulos (University of Kent) . 142 Occupy: A New “New Social Movement” Lauren Langman (Loyola University) . 158 YOUTH AND STUDENT MOBILIZATIONS . 171 The New Wave of Student Mobilizations in Europe Explained as a Fordist-Posfordist Transition Joseba Fernández González (UPV-EHU) . 172 Precarious Present, Uncertain Future: Multiple Dimensions of Precarity as a Symbolic Tool and Resource in the Italian University Mobilization Lorenzo Zamponi (European University Institute) . 186 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS EMOTIONS AND AFFECTS IN SOCIAL MOVEMENTS . 203 Transforming the Ominous into Happiness: How Antinuclear Drive was Tamed in the Post-War Japan? Daishiro Nomiya (Sophia University). 204 RETHINKING SOCIAL MOVEMENTS . 217 Aproximación a los movimientos sociales como sujetos de emancipación Zesar Martínez, Beatriz Casado and Pedro Ibarra (UPV-EHU) . 218 6RFLDO0RYHPHQWVLQ3RVW3ROLWLFDO6RFLHW\3UH¿JXUDWLRQ'HOLEHUDWLRQDQG&RQVHQVXV Raphael Schlembach (University of Salford) . 234 ‘Environment and health, yes… but for other reasons’: Asserting Control, Sovereignty and Transgression in Barcelona Isabelle Anguelovski (Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona and MIT) . 247 MEDIA AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS . 267 What Really Matters in Creating Mass Mobilization: Classical Organization or New Social Media? A Comparative Case Study of the Mass Mobilization Process in France and South Korea Jeong-Im Hyun (Sogang University) . 268 Twitter and Public Reasoning around Social Contention: The Case of #15ott in Italy Stefania Vicari (University of Leicester) . 281 Protest Politics Through Music in the Basque Country. The Spread of the Lip Dub as a New Form of Collective Action Ion Andoni Del Amo, Jason Diaux and Arkaitz Letamendía (UPV-EHU) . 297 IDENTITY AND PERFORMATIVITY . 313 A Study of Movement Identity on Protest Events: The case of The Protest Against the 2008 Hokkaido Toyako G8 Summit Kyoko Tominaga (University of Tokyo) . 314 Ocup(arte)!: Cultural Engagement in The University of Puerto Rico Student Movement, 2010 Katherine Everhart (Vanderbilt University) . 329 NEOLIBERALISM AND GLOBALIZATION . 347 From the Save Movements to the Live Ones. An Analytical Approach to the Evolution of Social Movements in Valencia in the Last Two Decades Rafael Xambó Olmos and Xavier Ginés Sánchez (Universitat de València) . 348 Social Movements, Civic Society and Globalization in Latin America Ilan Bizberg (El Colegio de México) . 364 From Social to Political. New Forms of Mobilization and Democratization. 6 Foreword ,QWKHUHFHQWHYROXWLRQRIFRQWHPSRUDU\VRFLDOPRYHPHQWVWKUHHSKDVHVFDQEHLGHQWL¿HG7KH¿UVWSKDVH LVPDUNHGE\WKHODERUPRYHPHQWDQGWKHV\VWHPLFLPSRUWDQFHDWWULEXWHGWRWKHODERUFRQÀLFWLQLQGXVWULDO VRFLHWLHV7KLVFRQÀLFWKDVEHHQLQWHUSUHWHGDVDFRQVHTXHQFHRIWKHVKRUWFRPLQJRIVRFLDOLQWHJUDWLRQ PHFKDQLVPVE\(PLOH'XUNKHLPDVDUDWLRQDOFRQÀLFWEHWZHHQHQWUHSUHQHXUV¶DQGZRUNHUV¶LQWHUHVWVE\ Max Weber, and as a central class struggle for the transformation of society by Karl Marx. 7KHVHFRQGSKDVHLQWKLVGHYHORSPHQWZDVOHGE\WKHQHZVRFLDOPRYHPHQWVRIWKHSRVWLQGXVWULDOVRFL- HW\RIWKHVDQGVVWXGHQWZRPHQDQGHQYLURQPHQWDOLVWPRYHPHQWV7ZRQHZDQDO\WLFDOSHUVSHF- WLYHVKDYHH[SODLQHGWKHVHPRYHPHQWV¶PHDQLQJDQGDFWLRQV5HVRXUFHPRELOL]DWLRQWKHRU\ 0F$GDPDQG 7LOO\ KDVIRFXVHGRQUDWLRQDODWWLWXGHVDQGFRQÀLFWV$FWLRQDOLVWVRFLRORJ\LQWXUQKDVLGHQWL¿HGWKHQHZ SURWDJRQLVWVRIVRFLDOFRQÀLFWWKDWUHSODFHGWKHODERUPRYHPHQWLQSRVWLQGXVWULDOVRFLHWLHV 7KHWKLUGSKDVHHPHUJHVLQDZRUOGFKDUDFWHUL]HGE\WKHDVFHQGDQFHRIPDUNHWVWKHLQFUHDVLQJO\SURPL- QHQWUROHRI¿QDQFLDOFDSLWDOÀRZVWKHFORVXUHRIFRPPXQLWLHVDQGIXQGDPHQWDOLVP,QWKLVFRQWH[WKXPDQ rights and pro-democratization movements constitute alternatives to global domination and the systemic conditioning of individuals and groups. 7KHREMHFWLYHRIWKLVFRQIHUHQFHLVWRIRVWHUWKHRUHWLFDOUHÀHFWLRQVDQGWRSUHVHQWHPSLULFDOHYLGHQFHRQ WKHUHFHQWPRELOL]DWLRQVWKDWWRRNRUDUHWDNLQJSODFHLQWKH0HGLWHUUDQHDQUHJLRQ7KLVZDYHRISURWHVWV KDVWZRFOHDUO\LGHQWL¿DEOHWKUHDGV2QWKHRQHKDQGWKRVHPRELOL]DWLRQVWKDWGHPDQGSROLWLFDOUHIRUPV to deepen or initiate processes of democratization in countries such as Tunez, Egypt, Morocco, Libya and Syria, among other. On the other, the massive displays of discontent regarding the political mismanage- ment of the socio-economic crisis and the shrinking of the Welfare State in Southern Europe. Among the latter are the 15M mobilizations in Spain, the “Indignate-vous” protests in France, Italy and Greece, and other mobilizations organized by young people and students in England, Israel and Belgium. 7KLVFRQIHUHQFHZLOOEULQJWRJHWKHUGLIIHUHQWDFDGHPLFQHWZRUNVDQGRULHQWDWLRQVDURXQGWKHVWXG\RI social movements, expressed by the Research Committees RC47-Social Movements and Social Classes and RC48-Social Movements, Collective Action and Social Change of the International Sociological Asso- FLDWLRQ7KHFRQIHUHQFHZLOOSURYLGHDQRSSRUWXQLW\WRHQJDJHLQDQHFHVVDU\DQGHQULFKLQJGHEDWHDERXWWKH continuities and discontinuities in the contexts, organizations, repertoires, identities, and symbols suffered E\VRFLDOPRYHPHQWVLQWKHODVWIHZGHFDGHV 7 Organizing Committee 6FLHQWL¿F&RPPLWWHH Centro de Estudios sobre la Identidad Colectiva Taghi Azadarmaki – Iran -Collective Identity Research Center- UPV-EHU Tova Benski, College of Management Studies – Israel Diego Carbajo Breno Brigel, UNICAMP – Brasil Beatriz Cavia Jorge Cadena-Roa, UNAM – Mexico Gabriel Gatti Casal de Rey 0DUFHOOH'DZVRQ-RKDQQHVEXUJ8QLYHUVLW\± David Gómez Ruiz South Africa Ignacio Irazuzta 0DULH&KULVWLQH'RUDQ2WWDZD8QLYHUVLW\±&DQDGD Amaia Izaola Antimo Luigi Farro, Sapienza-Università di Roma – Italy María Martínez Helena Flam, Universität Leipzig – Germany Daniel Muriel Maria da Gloria Gohn, UNICAMP – Brasil César A. Oré Rocca James Goodman, University of Technology – Australia Alfonso Pérez-Agote -HII*RRGZLQ1<8QLYHUVLW\±86$ Ignacia Perugorría Eiji Hamanishi, Kyoto University – Japan Silvia Rodríguez &KULVWRSK+DXJ*RWHERUJ8QLYHUVLW\±6ZHGHQ Gema Sancibrian Lukasz Jurczyszyn, Aleksander Gieysztor Academy Elsa Santamaría of Humanities – Poland Andrés G. Seguel Lauren Langman, Loyola University of Chicago – USA Benjamín Tejerina <YRQ/H%RW&516±)UDQFH Henri Lustiger Thaler, Ramapo College – USA Kevin McDonald, Goldsmith College – UK Dai Nomidia, Sophia University – Japan Geoffrey Pleyers, FNRS-U.C. Louvain – Belgium Paola Rebughini, Bicocca Milan University – Italy 0DUNXV6FKXO]1HZ<RUN8QLYHUVLW\±86$ Debal Singharoy, Indira Gandhi National Open University – India Benjamín Tejerina Montaña, UPV-EHU – Spain Emanuele Toscano, Sapienza-Università di Roma – Italy 6KXMLUR<D]DZD+LWRWVXEDVKL8QLYHUVLW\±-DSDQ From Social to Political. New Forms of Mobilization and Democratization. 8 Conference Program Thursday, February 9 9:00 Accreditation 9:30-9:45 Presentation 9:45-11:15 Session 1 ARAB SPRING I Chair: Antimo Farro · Musleh, Abeer (Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University) 0RELOL]LQJGXULQJWKH$UDE5HYROXWLRQV3DOHVWLQLDQ<RXWK6SHDNIRU7KHPVHOYHV · Khosrokhavar, Farhad (CADIS) Arab Spring Mobilizations · Garduño García, Moisés (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) Iconography and Contestatory Language in the Arab Protest · Desrues, Thierry (IESA-CSIC) The 20th February Movement: Collective Action and Political Responses in Morocco 11:15-11:45 Coffee break 11:45-13:15 Session 2 ARAB SPRING II Chair: Pedro Ibarra · Perna, Stefania (University of Reading) 6RFLDO0HGLDDQG1HZ7HFKQRORJLHVLQ(J\SWDQG7XQLVLD 7ZR([DPSOHVRI,QQRYDWLYH)RUPVRI'HPRFUDWL]DWLRQ · Esu, Aide & Maddanu, Simone (Università degli Studi di Cagliari & CADIS-EHESS) The Controlled Heteropia: Urban Ethnography among Tunisian Migrants connected to Arab Spring · Gómez Martín, Carmen