BRAZIL: IGUAÇU FALLS PRE-TRIP FIELD REPORT 2015 - 2018

LOWER PORTION OF IGUAÇU FALLS AS VIEWED FROM OUR HOTEL © Linette Mansberger

Prepared by Jeri M. Langham

VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, STE 1003, AUSTIN, TX 78746 Phone: 512-328-5221 or 800-328-8368 / Fax: 512-328-2919 [email protected] / www.ventbird.com Twelve years ago, I had the good fortune to visit with my son Gary (now Chief Scientist for The National Audubon Society) and we made a visit to Iguaçu Falls from the Argentina side. We were very impressed but it turns out the best views are from the side. Here are some passages taken from the Journal I write every night for my VENT tours, which I then edit and mail to the participants after I return home.

Iguaçu Falls must be experienced in person…there is just no other way to appreciate the spectacle. There are actually 275 narrow to wide individual falls. There is a great view from the entrance to the Belmond Hotel das Cataratas but as one walks down the ¼-mile river trail more and more falls are visible along the way. At the far end, one can walk out a boardwalk to a platform that allows an upriver view up into La Garganta del Diablo or Devil’s Throat.

Boardwalk at end of trail that permits a great view of La Garganta del Diablo © Tari Voydanoff

My co-leader from the last two years, Oliver (Aveni de Oliveira), met us at the airport and drove us to the wonderful Iguaçu National Park where we checked into the very fancy Belmond Hotel Das Cataratas. We were able to do some late afternoon birding seeing some great near the hotel and, of course, staring in wonder at the incredible portion of the falls by the hotel. Some of the special birds on this first afternoon were Toco Toucan, a Southern Lapwing pair claiming the front lawn, Green- headed , Black-fronted Piping-Guan, Plush-crested Jay, a Rufous pair building their odd mud nest in a tree in front of the entrance, Great Dusky Swifts returning for the day to roost on the walls behind the falls, and Chestnut-eared Araçari. One cannot miss the tame South American Coatis scampering around and constantly hoping to be fed by the throngs of tourists. Black-fronted Piping-Guan © Tari Voydanoff Plush-crested Jay © Chris Conard

This year all eight participants arrived a day early to refresh from the long flight and get a free day for any activities of interest. Five of the participants chose to take an optional boat trip on the Iguaçu River that involves a several mile guided drive in an open vehicle through the followed by a ½-mile boardwalk down to the dock. Here they changed into bathing suits, plastic raincoats, and orange life jackets and headed up the river to be taken under one of the waterfalls several times.

Our five in front seats © taken by bow guide that photographs the adventure and sells the photos

After the elaborate, complimentary, buffet breakfast we met by the pool at 7:30 a.m. and added Chalk-browed Mockingbird, Rufous-collared Sparrow, Red-rumped Cacique, Bananaquit, Scaly-headed Parrot, and White-eyed Parakeets to the seen near the Hotel. We headed for the trail that takes us down along the river to see more and more of the tremendous number of large and small falls and portions of rainbows. I simply cannot convey the euphoria and enchantment I felt as we walked along, stopping at all the special viewpoints. My third tour here is as exciting as the first…there is no way to put into words the sights and sounds.

Iguaçu Falls rainbow © Tari Voydanoff Part of upper end of Iguaçu Falls © Chris Conard

Some of us met at 5 a.m. to see if we could see some of the owls John and Chris encountered yesterday. It was even more successful, as we had great looks at Tawny- browed Owl, but only heard Black-capped Screech-Owl, Long-tufted Screech-Owl, and Rusty-barred Owl. After breakfast, we met with Oliver and departed for Poço Preto Road (Trilha do Poço Preto). It is an unpaved 9-kilometer long road through wonderful forest. It ends at the Iguaçu River where they have built an Observation Tower that overlooks a shallow pond. Before boarding the open trailer, we called in Lineated Woodpecker and then had distant, but very lucky, looks at two Red-ruffed Fruitcrows.

Our open solar powered vehicle © Laurie Langham Unpaved Poço Preto Road © Laurie Langham Our plan was to walk down the road for a while, board the vehicle for a variable distance and then walk again. A Band-tailed Manakin and Surucua were super, especially since the Band-tailed Manakin was dancing for two females. While we never ran into a huge flock today, we saw some spectacular birds. Two of the top ones were the huge Robust Woodpecker and the pair of Spot-billed Toucanets.

Robust Woodpecker © Chris Conard Spot-billed Toucanet © Chris Conard

We would record 75 on this rainforest road today! We saw Russet- winged Spadebill, the tiny São Paulo Tyrannulet and the tiny Southern Bristle-Tyrant, all of which are tough to get birds. Along the trail to the Observation Tower, we picked up Buff-fronted and Black-capped foliage-gleaners. The tower, which overlooked a long and shallow pond, produced Ringed, Amazon, and Green , Muscovy Duck, Smooth-billed Ani, Black-capped Donacobius and more. On the return drive Oliver heard, and we stopped for, a Rufous-capped .

Green © Chris Conard Black-capped Donacobius © Chris Conard I remembered from the first year when I took the boat ride that the dock was covered with butterflies when we returned so I knew many species would be seen again this year. However, when John, Chris, and I walked the main road back from Bananeiras Road, we saw literally hundreds of dozens of many species. This is a paradise for butterfly enthusiasts.

Hydaspes 88 © Chris Conard Agathina Emperor © Chris Malachite © Cynthia Berg Conard

Our bus dropped us off at the entrance to Bananeiras Road and we walked the entire road. Our morning started incredibly well when we heard a Brown Tinamou that flew across the road in front of us. I then played back the song of a Tataupa Tinamou and eventually got it to cross one way and then back the other. Two species of Tinamou seen in a 10-minute span! On the way to the river, everybody saw a female White- bearded Manakin and White-eyed Foliage-Gleaner.

We boarded a boat for a trip upriver to the dock of the Poço Preto Road. A Yacaré Caiman, Osprey, Capybara, Cocoi Heron, and Gray-fronted Dove were the highlights of this ride. After the boat ride, we again walked the trail to the Observation Tower where we had our best flock of the day with Golden-rumped, Purple-throated, Chestnut-bellied, and Violaceous euphonias, Blue-naped Chlorophonia, Three-striped Flycatcher, Green-headed Tanager, Tropical Parula, Black-goggled Tanager, Ochre- breasted Foliage-Gleaner, and more.

Green-headed Tanager © Chris Conard Ochre-breasted Foliage-Gleaner © Chris Conard Someone called out that there was a flock beyond the bridge and over we went. Fawn-breasted Tanager, Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet and others made us work to see them. Then, everyone heard the Blond-crested Woodpecker and, eventually, we all got to see this beautiful woodpecker specimen! As we continued out, Oliver spotted what turned out to be a lifer for me, a Long-tailed Potoo!

Blond-crested Woodpecker © Chris Conard Long-tailed Potoo © Jeri Langham

Each evening we were treated to a beautiful Iguaçu Falls sunset © Tari Voydanoff Brazil Iguaçu Falls Pre-trip example of photos from 2016 tour

Band-tailed Manakin Eared Pygmy-Tyrant Rufous Hornero and its elaborate mud nest São Paulo Tyrannulet

Robust, Blond-crested, and Lineated Woodpeckers Iguaçu Falls National Park & Cuiabá River Hotel das Cataratas

View of Iguaçu Falls from hotel room Misty view from a platform half-way along trail View from large, end-of-trail platform

Cattle Tyrant Pale-breasted Thrush Magpie Tanager Russet-winged Spadebill

Coatimundis quarreling Yellow-fronted Woodpecker Plush-crested Jay Azara’s Agouti

Sibilant Syristes Toco Toucan Scaly-headed Parrot Blue-naped Chlorophonia So. Bristle-Tyrant Chalk-browed Mockingbird

Photoshop and Design by Jeri Langham with photos by Linette Mansberger (19), Christiane Shannon (6) and Sue Taylor (3). Brazil Iguaçu Falls Pre-trip example of photos from 2017 tour

Anna's 88 Butterfly Squirrel Rufous Gnateater Green-headed Tanager Plain Xenops

Ruby-crowned Tanager Black-throated Trogon Great Dusky Swifts Chestnut-eared Araçari Blond-crested Woodpecker Rufous-capped Motmot

View from large, end-of-trail platform View from half-way along trail Misty rainbow view View of Iguaçu Falls from hotel room

Spot-billed Toucanet Red-rumped Cacique Violaceous Euphonia Toco Toucan White-eyed Foliage-gleaner

Rufous Hornero and mud nest Morning snack on Poço Preto Road Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner Red-crowned -Tanager

Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Violet-capped Woodnymph Three-striped Flycatcher Black-goggled Tanager Southern Lapwing Plush-crested Jay

Photoshop and Design by Jeri Langham with photos by Liz West (16), Laurie Dann (9) and Frances Oliver (5).

The orders of the families, common names and scientific names in this Field List are those in the eBird/Clements Checklist v2017 with all current updates through August of 2017. My data in Columns IF, II, P, and III were compiled from four VENT tours to Iguaçu Falls and five to the .

Columns “IF” and “P” are designed to give you an idea of which species we are likely to encounter at Iguaçu Falls and in the Pantanal, respectively. Since the Pre-trip and Main Tour are both taken by most participants, it is important that you see what species occur in the Pre-trip areas that are not present in the northern portion of the Pantanal that we visit.

Columns “II” and “III” are designed to show each species that was seen (x) or just heard (h) at each location on my July 2018 combination tour.

Key for Column IF: F - The species was listed on the “Checklist of the Birds of Iguazú Argentina” by Seriema Nature Tours. F1- 3 - The species was seen on 1-3 previous VENT tours. Fh - The species was only heard. F with two numbers separated by a comma – Times the species was seen (1st #) and how many times just heard (2nd #). A number with no F – Times seen but is not on the above-mentioned list. Blank - Species not likely at Iguaçu Falls, but note in Column P that most of those are possible in the Pantanal.

Key for Column P: R - The species was listed in “Birds of Pantanal” by BravoBrazil Expeditions and is a resident in areas we visit. R1- 4 - The species was seen on 1- 4 previous VENT tours. A number with no R - The species was seen but is not on the above- mentioned list. Rh - The species was only heard. If there are two numbers separated by a comma, the first is for tours on which it was seen and the second for tours on which it was only heard. VN - The species is a visitor from the north. VS - The species is a visitor from the south. VA - The species is accidental. Blank - The species is not likely in the Pantanal, but note that most of those species are possible at Iguaçu Falls.

I hope you will use the information in Columns IF, II, P, and III to give you an accurate idea of which species are possible and to help you prepare for our upcoming adventure.

Jeri M. Langham August 1, 2018 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Rheas Rheidae 1 2 Greater Rhea Rhea americana 2 R4 x 3 Tinamous Tinamidae 3 4 Solitary Tinamou Tinamus solitarius F2h h 4 5 Brown Tinamou Crypturellus obsoletus F1 x 5 6 Undulated Tinamou Crypturellus undulatus 6 R1,3 x 7 Small-billed Tinamou Crypturellus parvirostris F 7 R1h 8 Tataupa Tinamou Crypturellus tataupa F x 8 9 Screamers Anhimidae 9 10 Southern Screamer Chauna torquata 10 R4 x 11 Ducks, Geese & Waterfowl Anatidae 11 12 White-faced Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna viduata 12 R2 13 Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis 13 R4 x 14 Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata F3 X 14 R4 x 15 Brazilian Teal Amazonetta brasiliensis F 15 R4 x 16 Guans, Chachalacas & Curassows Cracidae 16 17 Chaco Chachalaca Ortalis canicollis 17 R4 x 18 Rusty-margined Guan Penelope superciliaris F 18 19 Dusky-legged Guan Penelope obscura 19 20 Chestnut-bellied Guan (E) Penelope ochrogaster 20 R4 x 21 Blue-throated (Common) Piping-Guan Pipile cumanensis 21 4 x 22 Red-throated Piping-Guan Pipile cujubi 22 2 x 23 Black-fronted Piping-Guan Pipile jacutinga F1 X 23 24 Bare-faced Curassow Crax fasciolata 24 R4 x 25 Grebes Podicipedidae 25 26 Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus F 26 27 Storks Ciconiidae 27 28 Maguari Stork Ciconia maguari 28 R3 x 29 Jabiru Jabiru mycteria 29 R4 x 30 Wood Stork Mycteria americana 30 R4 x 31 Cormorants & Shags Phalacrocoracidae 31 32 Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus F3 x 32 R4 x 33 Anhingas Anhingidae 33 34 Anhinga Anhinga anhinga F x 34 R4 x 35 Herons, Egrets & Bitterns Ardeidae 35 36 Pinnated Bittern Botaurus pinnatus 36 x 37 Zigzag Heron Zebrilus undulatus 37 R 38 Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis 38 R1h 39 Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum F x 39 R4 x 40 Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi F1 x 40 R4 x

Page 1 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Great Egret Ardea (Egretta) alba F3 x 1 R4 x 2 Snowy Egret Egretta thula F3 2 R4 x 3 Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea 3 R4 x 4 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis F1 x 4 R4 x 5 Striated Heron Butorides striata F 5 R4 x 6 Agami Heron Agamia agami 6 R3 x 7 Whistling Heron Syrigma sibilatrix F 7 R4 x 8 Capped Heron Pilherodius pileatus 8 R4 x 9 Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax F1 x 9 R4 x 10 Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius 10 R4 x 11 Ibises & Spoonbills Threskiornithidae 11 12 White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi 12 R x 13 Green Ibis Mesembrinibis cayennensis F1 13 R4 x 14 Bare-faced Ibis Phimosus infuscatus 14 R4 x 15 Plumbeous Ibis Theristicus caerulescens 15 R4 x 16 Buff-necked Ibis Theristicus caudatus 16 R4 x 17 Roseate Spoonbill Platalea ajaja 17 R4 x 18 New World Vultures Cathartidae 18 19 Black Vulture Coragyps atratus F3 x 19 R4 x 20 Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura F3 x 20 R4 x 21 Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes burrovianus 21 R4 x 22 Greater Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes melambrotus 22 23 King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa F 23 R2 24 Osprey Pandionidae 24 25 Osprey Pandion haliaetus x 25 VN1 x 26 Hawks, Eagles & Kites Accipitridae 26 27 Pearl Kite Gampsonyx swainsonii 27 R1 28 White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus 28 R 29 Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis F 29 R 30 Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus F1 30 31 Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus F 31 32 Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus F 32 33 Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus melanoleucus F 33 R 34 Black-collared Hawk Busarellus nigricollis 34 R4 x 35 Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis F x 35 R4 x 36 Rufous-thighed Kite Harpagus diodon F 36 37 Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea F 37 R 38 Long-winged Harrier Circus buffoni 38 R1 39 Tiny Hawk Accipiter superciliosus F 39 40 40

Page 2 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus F 1 x 2 Bicolored Hawk Accipiter bicolor F1 2 R1 3 Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens F 3 R4 x 4 Savanna Hawk Buteogallus meridionalis F1 4 R4 x 5 Great Black Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga F1 5 R4 x 6 Roadside Hawk Rupornis magnirostris F3 x 6 R4 x 7 White-tailed Hawk Geranoaetus albicaudatus 7 R4 8 Gray-lined (Gray) Hawk Buteo nitidus 8 R1 9 Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus F1 x 9 10 Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus F 10 1 11 Sunbittern Eurypygidae 11 12 Sunbittern Eurypyga helias 12 R4 x 13 Rails, Gallinules & Coots Rallidae 13 14 Rufous-sided Crake Laterallus melanophaius F x 14 R 15 Gray-breasted Crake Laterallus exilis 15 R 16 Gray-cowled Wood-Rail [Split] Aramides cajaneus 16 R4 x 17 Slaty-breasted Wood-Rail Aramides saracura F 17 18 Russet-crowned Crake Anurolimnas viridis 18 h 19 Ash-throated Crake Mustelirallus albicollis 19 Rh h 20 Blackish Rail Pardirallus nigricans F x 20 1 21 Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinicus 21 R2 22 Azure Gallinule Porphyrio flavirostris 22 1 23 Common Gallinule Gallinula galeata F x 23 24 Finfoots Heliornithidae 24 25 Sungrebe Heliornis fulica F 25 R4 x 26 Limpkin Aramidae 26 27 Limpkin Aramus guarauna x 27 R4 x 28 Stilts & Avocets Recurvirostridae 28 29 Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus x 29 R4 x 30 Plovers & Lapwings Charadriidae 30 31 American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica 31 VN 32 Pied Lapwing (Plover) Vanellus cayanus 32 R4 x 33 Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis F3 x 33 R4 x 34 Collared Plover Charadrius collaris 34 R4 x 35 Jaçanas Jacanidae 35 36 Wattled Jaçana Jacana jacana F 36 R4 x 37 Sandpipers & Allies Scolopacidae 37 38 Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda 38 VN 39 White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis 39 VN 40 40

Page 3 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos 1 VN 2 South American Snipe Gallinago paraguaiae 2 R 3 Wilson's Phalarope Phalaropus tricolor 3 VN 4 Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius F 4 VN 5 Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria F 5 VN2 6 Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes 6 VN 7 7 8 Gulls, Terns & Skimmers Laridae 8 9 Yellow-billed Tern Sternula superciliaris 9 R4 x 10 Large-billed Tern Phaetusa simplex 10 R4 x 11 Black Skimmer Rynchops niger 11 R4 x 12 Pigeons & Doves Columbidae 12 13 Rock Pigeon (I) Columba livia F2 13 4 x 14 Pale-vented Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensis F1 x 14 R4 x 15 Picazuro Pigeon Patagioenas picazuro F2 x 15 R4 x 16 Plumbeous Pigeon Patagioenas plumbea F 16 17 Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti F 17 R4 x 18 Scaled Dove Columbina squammata F 18 R4 x 19 Picui Ground-Dove Columbina picui F 19 R4 x 20 Blue Ground-Dove Claravis pretiosa F 20 R2 21 Long-tailed Ground-Dove Uropelia campestris 21 R4 x 22 Ruddy Quail-Dove Geotrygon montana F 22 23 Violaceous Quail-Dove Geotrygon violacea F h 23 24 White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi F1,1 x 24 R4 x 25 Gray-fronted Dove Leptotila rufaxilla F1 x 25 Rh 26 Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata F3 x 26 R4 x 27 Cuculidae 27 28 Guira Cuckoo Guira guira F x 28 R4 x 29 Greater Ani Crotophaga major F 29 R4 x 30 Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani F2 x 30 R4 x 31 Tapera naevia F 31 R3,1 h 32 Pheasant Cuckoo phasianellus F 32 R 33 Dromococcyx pavoninus F 33 34 Little Cuckoo minuta 34 R4 x 35 Ash-colored Cuckoo Coccycua cinerea 35 1 36 cayana F3 x 36 R4 x 37 Dark-billed Cuckoo melacoryphus F 37 R 38 Pearly-breasted Cuckoo Coccyzus euleri F 38 39 Barn-Owls Tytonidae 39 40 Barn Owl Tyto alba F 40 Rh

Page 4 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Owls Strigidae 1 2 Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choliba Fh h 2 R1,1 3 Black-capped (Variable) Screech-Owl Megascops atricapilla Fh h 3 4 Long-tufted Screech-Owl Magascops sanctaecatarinae h 4 R 5 Pulsatrix perspicillata 5 R 6 Tawny-browed Owl Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana F x 6 7 Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus h 7 R4 x 8 Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum F1,1 x 8 R3,1 x 9 Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia F 9 R1 10 Mottled Owl Ciccaba virgata F1 10 11 Black-banded Owl Ciccaba huhula 11 h 12 Rusty-barred Owl Strix hylophila h 12 R 13 Striped Owl Asio clamator (new ) F 13 R 14 Nightjars & Allies Caprimulgidae 14 15 Nacunda Nighthawk Chordeiles nacunda F 15 R4 x 16 Least Nighthawk Chordeiles pusillus 16 R 17 Lesser Nighthawk Chordeiles acutipennis 17 R1 18 Short-tailed Nighthawk Lurocalis semitorquatus F 18 19 Band-tailed Nighthawk Nyctiprogne leucopyga 19 R4 x 20 Band-winged Nightjar Systellura longirostris 20 21 Common Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis F1 x 21 R4 x 22 Little Nightjar Setopagis parvula F 22 R2,1 23 Spot-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis maculicaudus 23 R3 x 24 Ladder-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis climacocerca 24 R 25 Scissor-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis torquata 25 R1 x 26 Potoos Nyctibiidae 26 27 Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis 27 R4 x 28 Long-tailed Potoo Nyctibius aethereus F x 28 29 Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus F 29 R1 h 30 Swifts Apodidae 30 31 Great Dusky Swift Cypseloides senex F3 x 31 32 Biscutate Swift Streptoprocne biscutata F1 32 33 Sick's Swift Chaetura meridionalis F 33 R 34 Short-tailed Swift Chaetura brachyura 34 35 Gray-rumped Swift Chaetura cinereiventris F 35 36 Fork-tailed (Neotropical) Palm-Swift Tachornis 36 R 37 Hummingbirds Trochilidae 37 38 Cinnamon-throated Hermit Phaethornis nattereri 38 R 39 Buff-bellied Hermit Phaethornis subochraceus 39 R3,1 x 40 40

Page 5 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Scale-throated Hermit Phaethornis eurynome F h 1 2 White-vented Violetear Colibri serrirostris 2 1 3 White-tailed Goldenthroat Polytmus guainumbi 3 R2 x 4 Ruby-topaz Hummingbird Chrysolampis mosquitus 4 R 5 Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis F 5 R1 6 Blue-tufted Starthroat Heliomaster furcifer 6 R2 x 7 Amethyst Woodstar Calliphlox amethystina 7 R 8 Glittering-bellied Emerald Chlorostilbon lucidus F2 x 8 R1 9 Swallow-tailed Hummingbird Eupetomena macroura 9 R 10 Fork-tailed Woodnymph Thalurania furcata 10 R3 x 11 Violet-capped Woodnymph Thalurania glaucopis F3 x 11 12 Versicolored Emerald Amazilia versicolor F2 12 13 Glittering-throated Emerald Amazilia fimbriata 13 R4 x 14 Gilded Hummingbird Hylocharis chrysura F1 14 R4 x 15 Trogonidae 15 16 Green-backed (White-tailed) Trogon Trogon viridis 16 1h 17 Blue-crowned Trogon Trogon curucui 17 R4 x 18 Surucua Trogon Trogon surrucura F3 x 18 19 Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus F3 x 19 20 20 21 Momotidae 21 22 Amazonian (Blue-crowned) Motmot momota 22 R2 h 23 Rufous-capped Motmot ruficapillus F3 x 23 24 24 25 Kingfishers Alcedinidae 25 26 Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata F2 x 26 R4 x 27 Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona F3 x 27 R4 x 28 Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana F x 28 R4 x 29 Green-and-rufous Kingfisher Chloroceryle inda 29 R3 x 30 American Pygmy Kingfisher Chloroceryle aenea 30 R4 x 31 Puffbirds Bucconidae 31 32 Buff-bellied Puffbird Notharchus swainsoni F1 32 33 White-eared Puffbird Nystalus chacuru F 33 R 34 Spot-backed (Chaco) Puffbird Nystalus maculatus 34 R1 x 35 Rusty-breasted Nunlet Nonnula rubecula F1 x 35 36 Black-fronted Nunbird Monasa nigrifrons 36 R4 x 37 Jacamars Galbulidae 37 38 Rufous-tailed Jacamar Galbula ruficauda 38 R4 x 39 39 40 40

Page 6 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Toucans Ramphastidae 1 2 Saffron Toucanet Pteroglossus bailloni F 2 3 Chestnut-eared Aracari Pteroglossus castanotis F3 x 3 R4 x 4 Spot-billed Toucanet Selenidera maculirostris F2 x 4 5 Toco Toucan Ramphastos toco F3 x 5 R4 x 6 Red-breasted Toucan Ramphastos dicolorus F3 6 7 Woodpeckers Picidae 7 8 Ochre-collared Piculet Picumnus temminckii F1 x 8 9 White-wedged Piculet Picumnus albosquamatus 9 R4 x 10 White Woodpecker Melanerpes candidus F 10 R4 x 11 Yellow-fronted Woodpecker Melanerpes flavifrons F3 x 11 12 White-fronted Woodpecker Melanerpes cactorum 12 R1 13 White-spotted Woodpecker Veniliornis spilogaster F2 x 13 14 Little Woodpecker Veniliornis passerinus 14 R4 x 15 Golden-green Woodpecker Piculus chrysochloros 15 R3 x 16 Green-barred Woodpecker Colaptes melanochloros F 16 R4 x 17 Campo Flicker Colaptes campestris F 17 R4 x 18 Helmeted Woodpecker Celeus galeatus [new genus] F 18 R3 19 Cream-colored Woodpecker Celeus flavus 19 3 x 20 Pale-crested Woodpecker Celeus lugubris 20 R4 x 21 Blond-crested Woodpecker Celeus flavescens F3 x 21 22 Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus F2 x 22 R3 h 23 Robust Woodpecker Campephilus robustus F3 x 23 24 Crimson-crested Woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos 24 R4 x 25 Seriemas Cariamidae 25 26 Red-legged Seriema Cariama cristata 26 R4 x 27 Falcons & Caracaras Falconidae 27 28 Barred Forest-Falcon Micrastur ruficollis F1 28 29 Collared Forest-Falcon Micrastur semitorquatus F 29 R 30 Southern Caracara Caracara plancus F3 x 30 R4 x 31 Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima F2 x 31 R3 x 32 Laughing Falcon Herpetotheres cachinnans 32 R3 x 33 American Kestrel Falco sparverius F 33 R x 34 Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis 34 R2 x 35 Falcon Falco rufigularis F1 x 35 R3,1 x 36 New World and African Parrots Psittacidae 36 37 Monk Parakeet Myiopsitta monachus 37 R4 x 38 Yellow-chevroned Parakeet Brotogeris chiriri 38 R4 x 39 39 40 40

Page 7 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Pileated (Red-capped) Parrot Pionopsitta pileata F1 1 2 Scaly-headed Parrot (Amazon) Pionus maximiliani F3 x 2 R4 x 3 Turquoise- (Blue-) fronted Parrot Amazona aestiva F 3 R4 x 4 Orange-winged Parrot (Amazon) Amazona amazonica 4 R3,1 x 5 Blue-winged Parrotlet Forpus xanthopterygius F1 x 5 6 Maroon-bellied Parakeet Pyrrhura frontalis F 6 7 Hyacinth Macaw Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus 7 R4 x 8 Peach-fronted Parakeet Eupsittula aurea 8 R4 x 9 Nanday (Black-hooded) Parakeet Aratinga nenday 9 R3 10 Red-bellied Macaw Orthopsittaca manilatus 10 1 11 Yellow- (Golden-) collared Macaw Primolius auricollis 11 R4 x 12 Blue-and-yellow Macaw Ara ararauna 12 R2 13 Red-and-green Macaw Ara chloropterus 13 R1 14 Blue-crowned Parakeet Thectocercus acuticaudatus 14 R4 x 15 Red-shouldered Macaw Diopsittaca nobilis 15 R1 16 White-eyed Parakeet Psittacara leucophthalmus F3 x 16 R3 x 17 Typical Thamnophilidae 17 18 Spot-backed Antshrike Hypoedaleus guttatus Fh 18 19 Giant Antshrike Batara cinerea F 19 20 Great Antshrike Taraba major 20 R4 x 21 Thamnophilus doliatus 1 x 21 R4 x 22 Planalto Slaty-Antshrike (E) Thamnophilus pelzelni 22 1 23 Variable Antshrike Thamnophilus caerulescens F1 x 23 24 Plain Antvireo Dysithamnus mentalis F1,1 x 24 R3 h 25 Large-billed Antwren Herpsilochmus longirostris 25 R4 x 26 Rufous-winged Antwren Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus F3 x 26 27 Black-bellied Antwren Formicivora melanogaster 27 R1,1 28 Rusty-backed Antwren Formicivora rufa 28 R4 x 29 Bertoni's Drymophila rubricollis F 29 30 Streak-capped Antwren Terenura maculata F 30 31 Mato Grosso Antbird Cercomacra melanaria 31 R4 x 32 White-shouldered Fire-eye Pyriglena leucoptera F1,1 32 33 Band-tailed Antbird Hypocnemoides maculicauda 33 R4 x 34 Gnateaters Conopophagidae 34 35 Rufous Gnateater Conopophaga lineata F1 35 36 Antpittas Grallariidae 36 37 Variegated Antpitta Grallaria varia F 37 38 Antthrushes Formicariidae 38 39 Short-tailed Antthrush Chamaeza campanisona F2 h 39 40 40

Page 8 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Ovenbirds & Woodcreepers Furnariidae 1 2 Rufous-breasted Leaftosser Sclerurus scansor F h 2 3 Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus F3 x 3 R2,1 x 4 Plain-winged (Thrush-like) Woodcre. Dendrocincla turdina F1 4 5 Planalto Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes platyrostris F 5 x 6 White-throated Woodcreeper Xiphocolaptes albicollis F x 6 7 Great Rufous Woodcreeper Xiphocolaptes major 7 R3 x 8 Lesser Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus fuscus F1 8 9 Buff-throated Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus guttatus 9 R3 h 10 Straight-billed Woodcreeper Dendroplex picus 10 R3 x 11 Red-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus trochilirost. 11 R4 x 12 Narrow-billed Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes angustirostris 12 R4 x 13 Plain Xenops Xenops minutus F x 13 14 Streaked Xenops Xenops rutilans F x 14 R2 x 15 Pale-legged Hornero Furnarius leucopus 15 R4 x 16 Rufous Hornero Furnarius rufus F3 x 16 R4 x 17 Black-capped Foliage-gleaner Philydor atricapillus F2 x 17 18 Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner Philydor rufum F3 x 18 19 Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner Anabacerthia lichtensteini F2 x 19 20 Buff-browed Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla rufosuperciliata F 20 21 White-eyed Foliage-gleaner Automolus leucophthalmus F2 x 21 22 Rufous-fronted Thornbird Phacellodomus rufifrons 22 R3 x 23 Greater (Yellow-eyed) Thornbird Phacellodomus ruber 23 R4 x 24 Rusty-backed Spinetail Cranioleuca vulpina 24 R4 x 25 Olive Spinetail Cranioleuca obsoleta F 25 26 Rufous (Gray-crested) Cacholote Pseudoseisura unirufa 26 R4 x 27 Yellow-chinned Spinetail Certhiaxis cinnamomeus F 27 R4 x 28 Chotoy Spinetail Schoeniophylax phryganophi. 28 R4 x 29 White-lored Spinetail Synallaxis albilora 29 R4 x 30 Rufous-capped Spinetail Synallaxis ruficapilla F 30 31 Cinereous-breasted Spinetail Synallaxis hypospodia 31 R3,1 x 32 Pale-breasted Spinetail Synallaxis albescens 32 R 33 Sooty-fronted Spinetail Synallaxis frontalis 33 R1 34 34 35 Tyrant Flycatchers Tyrannidae 35 36 Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma obsoletum F1 x 36 4 x 37 Suiriri Flycatcher Suiriri suiriri 37 R 38 (Campo or Chapada Suiriri) 38 39 39 40 40

Page 9 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Mouse-colored Tyrannulet Phaeomyias murina 1 R1 x 2 Yellow Tyrannulet Capsiempis flaveola F1 x 2 3 Bearded Tachuri Polystictus pectoralis 3 4 Subtropical Doradito Pseudocolopteryx acutipennis 4 VA1 5 Forest Elaenia gaimardii 5 R3 6 Gray Elaenia Myiopagis caniceps F1 6 1 7 Greenish Elaenia Myiopagis viridicata F 7 R2 8 Yellow-bellied Elaenia Elaenia flavogaster F 8 R 9 Large Elaenia Elaenia spectabilis F 9 R1h 10 White-crested Elaenia Elaenia albiceps 10 1 x 11 Small-billed Elaenia Elaenia parvirostris F 11 12 Lesser Elaenia Elaenia chiriquensis 12 R 13 White-crested Tyrannulet Serpophaga subcristata 13 14 White-bellied Tyrannulet Serpophaga munda 14 1 15 Gray-hooded Flycatcher Mionectes rufiventris F 15 16 Sepia-capped Flycatcher Leptopogon amaurocephalus F3 x 16 R x 17 Southern Bristle-Tyrant Phylloscartes eximius F3 x 17 18 Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet Phylloscartes ventralis F1 18 19 São Paulo Tyrannulet Phylloscartes paulista F3 x 19 20 Bay-ringed Tyrannulet Phylloscartes sylviolus F 20 21 Rough-legged Tyrannulet Phyllomyias burmeisteri F 21 22 Greenish Tyrannulet Phyllomyias virescens F 22 23 Planalto Tyrannulet Phyllomyias fasciatus 23 24 Southern Scrub-Flycatcher Sublegatus modestus 24 R1 x 25 Plain Tyrannulet (Plain Inezia) Inezia inornata 25 R4 x 26 Southern Antpipit Corythopis delalandi F3 x 26 R 27 Tawny-crowned Pygmy-Tyrant Euscarthmus meloryphus F 27 R2,1 28 Eared Pygmy-Tyrant Myiornis auricularis F3 x 28 29 Stripe-necked Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus striaticollis 29 R4 30 Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant Hemitric. margaritaceiventer 30 R4 x 31 Rusty-fronted Tody-Flycatcher Poecilotriccus latirostris 31 R3,1 x 32 Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum F 32 R4 x 33 Yellow-olive Flycatcher (Flatbill) Tolmomyias sulphurescens F1 33 R2,1 34 White-throated Spadebill Platyrinchus mystaceus Fh 34 35 Russet-winged Spadebill Platyrinchus leucoryphus F2 x 35 36 Cliff Flycatcher Hirundinea ferruginea F 36 37 Bran-colored Flycatcher Myiophobus fasciatus F 37 R 38 Euler's Flycatcher Lathrotriccus euleri F 38 39 Fuscous Flycatcher Cnemotriccus fuscatus Fh x 39 R4 x 40 40

Page 10 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Vermilion Flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus F x 1 R4 x 2 Yellow-browed Tyrant Satrapa icterophrys F 2 R 3 Gray Monjita Xolmis cinereus 3 R 4 White-rumped Monjita Xolmis velatus 4 R4 x 5 Streamer-tailed Tyrant Gubernetes yetapa 5 R 6 Black-backed Water-Tyrant Fluvicola albiventer 6 R3 x 7 White-headed Marsh Tyrant Arundinicola leucocephala 7 R4 x 8 Long-tailed Tyrant Colonia colonus F1 x 8 9 Cattle Tyrant Machetornis rixosa F3 x 9 R4 x 10 Dull-capped (White-eyed) Attila Attila bolivianus 10 Rh x 11 Sibilant Sirystes Sirystes sibilator F3 x 11 12 Rufous Casiornis Casiornis rufus 12 R4 x 13 Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer F 13 1,1 14 Swainson's Flycatcher Myiarchus swainsoni F 14 15 Short-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus ferox F1 15 R4 x 16 Brown-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus tyrannulus 16 R4 x 17 Lesser Kiskadee Pitangus lictor 1 17 R4 x 18 Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus F3 x 18 R4 x 19 Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarynchus pitangua F1 19 R3 x 20 Rusty-margined Flycatcher cayanensis 20 R4 x 21 Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis F3 x 21 22 Three-striped Flycatcher Conopias trivirgatus F2 x 22 23 Streaked Flycatcher Myiodynastes maculatus F 23 R x 24 Piratic Flycatcher Legatus leucophaius F 24 R2h 25 Variegated Flycatcher Empidonomus varius F 25 R 26 Crowned Slaty Flycatcher Empido. aurantioatrocristatus 26 R 27 White-throated Kingbird Tyrannus albogularis 27 R 28 Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus F x 28 R4 x 29 Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana F 29 R1 30 30 31 Sharpbill Oxyruncidae 31 32 Sharpbill Oxyruncus cristatus F1 h 32 33 Cotingas Cotingidae 33 34 Red-ruffed Fruitcrow Pyroderus scutatus F x 34 35 Manakins Pipridae 35 36 Helmeted Manakin Antilophia galeata 36 R4 x 37 Swallow-tailed (Blue) Manakin Chiroxiphia caudata F2 h 37 38 White-bearded Manakin Manacus manacus F1 x 38 39 39 40 40

Page 11 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Band-tailed Manakin Pipra fasciicauda F3 x 1 2 Wing-barred Piprites Piprites chloris F1 2 3 Tityras & Allies Tityridae 3 4 Black-tailed Tityra Tityra cayana F2 4 R x 5 Black-crowned Tityra Tityra inquisitor F 5 R3 6 Masked Tityra Tityra semifasciata x 6 R1h 7 Greenish Schiffornis Schiffornis virescens F 7 8 White-naped Xenopsaris Xenopsaris albinucha 8 x 9 Green-backed Becard Pachyramphus viridis F 9 R1h 10 Chestnut-crowned Becard Pachyramphus castaneus F 10 11 White-winged Becard Pachyramphus polychopterus F 11 R2 x 12 Crested Becard Pachyramphus validus F1 12 13 Vireos, Shrike-Babblers & Erpornis Vireonidae 13 14 Rufous-browed Peppershrike Cyclarhis gujanensis F 14 R3,1 x 15 Rufous-crowned Greenlet Hylophilus poicilotis F1 15 16 Ashy-headed Greenlet Hylophilus pectoralis 16 R4 x 17 Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus F1 17 R 18 18 19 Crows, Jays & Magpies Corvidae 19 20 Purplish Jay Cyanocorax cyanomelas 20 R4 x 21 Curl-crested Jay Cyanocorax cristatellus 21 R 22 Plush-crested Jay Cyanocorax chrysops F3 x 22 23 Swallows Hirundinidae 23 24 Blue-and-white Swallow Pygochelidon cyanoleuca F1 24 25 Black-collared Swallow Pygochelidon melanoleuca F 25 26 Tawny-headed Swallow Alopochelidon fucata 26 R 27 Southern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx ruficollis F 27 R4 x 28 Gray-breasted Martin Progne chalybea F3 x 28 R4 x 29 Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera F 29 R2 30 White-winged Swallow Tachycineta albiventer F3 x 30 R4 x 31 White-rumped Swallow Tachycineta leucorrhoa F 31 R 32 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica F 32 33 Wrens Troglodytidae 33 34 (Southern) House Wren Troglodytes aedon F3 x 34 35 Thrush-like Wren Campylorhynchus turdinus 35 R4 x 36 Moustached Wren Pheugopedius genibarbis 36 R4 x 37 Buff-breasted Wren Cantorchilus leucotis 37 R4 x 38 Fawn-breasted Wren Cantorchilus guarayanus 38 R2,2 x 39 39 40 40

Page 12 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Gnatcatchers Polioptilidae 1 2 Creamy-bellied Gnatcatcher Polioptila lactea F3 x 2 3 Masked Gnatcatcher Polioptila dumicola 3 R4 x 4 Donacobius Donacobiidae 4 5 Black-capped Donacobius Donacobius atricapilla F1,1 x 5 R4 x 6 Thrushes & Allies Turdidae 6 7 Pale-breasted Thrush Turdus leucomelas F3 x 7 R3 x 8 Rufous-bellied Thrush Turdus rufiventris F1 x 8 R4 x 9 Creamy-bellied Thrush Turdus amaurochalinus F3 x 9 R4 10 Slaty Thrush Turdus nigriceps F 10 1 11 White-necked Thrush Turdus albicollis F 11 12 Mockingbirds & Thrashers Mimidae 12 13 Chalk-browed Mockingbird Mimus saturninus F3 x 13 R4 x 14 White-banded Mockingbird Mimus triurus 14 VS1 x 15 Wagtails & Pipits Motacillidae 15 16 Yellowish Pipit Anthus lutescens 16 R2,1 h 17 New World Warblers Parulidae 17 18 Masked (Southern) Yellowthroat Geothlypis aequinoctialis F x 18 R 19 Tropical Parula Setophaga pitiayumi F3 x 19 R1 x 20 Golden-crowned Warbler Basileuterus culicivorus F3 x 20 R1 x 21 Flavescent Warbler Myiothlypis flaveola 21 R4 x 22 White-browed Warbler Myiothlypis leucoblephara x 22 23 Riverbank (Neotropical River) Warbler Myiothlypis rivularis F2 x 23 24 & Allies Thraupidae 24 25 Red-crested Cardinal Paroaria coronata 25 R4 x 26 Yellow-billed Cardinal Paroaria capitata F 26 R4 x 27 Magpie Tanager Cissopis leverianus F2 x 27 28 Hooded Tanager Nemosia pileata 28 R2 x 29 Chestnut-headed Tanager Thlypopsis pyrrhocoma (new) F 29 30 Black-goggled Tanager Trichothraupis melanops F3 x 30 1 31 Gray-headed Tanager Eucometis penicillata 31 R3 x 32 White-shouldered Tanager Tachyphonus luctuosus 32 x 33 Ruby-crowned Tanager Tachyphonus coronatus F1 x 33 34 White-lined Tanager Tachyphonus rufus 34 R2 35 Silver-beaked Tanager Ramphocelus carbo 35 R4 x 36 Fawn-breasted Tanager Pipraeidea melanonota F3 x 36 37 Sayaca Tanager Thraupis sayaca F2 x 37 R4 x 38 Palm Tanager Thraupis palmarum x 38 R4 x 39 Burnished-buff Tanager Tangara cayana F 39 40 40

Page 13 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Green-headed Tanager Tangara seledon F3 x 1 2 Swallow Tanager Tersina viridis F1 2 R 3 Blue Dacnis Dacnis cayana F3 x 3 R1 4 Guira Tanager Hemithraupis guira F3 x 4 R 5 Chestnut-vented Conebill Conirostrum speciosum F3 x 5 R4 x 6 Uniform Finch Haplospiza unicolor F 6 7 Sicalis flaveola F2 x 7 R4 x 8 Blue-black Grassquit Volatinia jacarina F 8 R3 x 9 White-bellied Seedeater Sporophila leucoptera 1 9 R2 x 10 Pearly-bellied (Capped) Seedeater Sporophila pileata 10 11 Tawny-bellied Seedeater Sporophila hypoxantha 11 R1 12 Dark-throated Seedeater Sporophila ruficollis 12 13 Chestnut-bellied (Lesser) Seed-Finch Sporophila angolensis 1 13 R2 14 Yellow-bellied Seedeater Sporophila nigricollis F 14 15 Double-collared Seedeater Sporophila caerulescens F 15 R 16 Temminck's Seedeater Sporophila falcirostris F1 16 17 Plumbeous Seedeater Sporophila plumbea 17 R 18 Rusty-collared Seedeater Sporophila collaris 18 R4 x 19 Red-crested (Red Pileated) Finch cucullatus x 19 R4 x 20 Bananaquit Coereba flaveola F2,1 x 20 R4 x 21 Black-throated Saltator Saltatricula atricollis (new g.) F 21 R 22 Buff-throated Saltator Saltator maximus 22 R1 x 23 Grayish Saltator Saltator coerulescens 23 R4 x 24 Green-winged Saltator Saltator similis F 24 1 25 25 26 New World Buntings & Sparrows (n) Passerellidae (new) 26 27 Grassland Sparrow Ammodramus humeralis F 27 R1 28 Saffron-billed Sparrow Arremon flavirostris F1 h 28 R1h x 29 Rufous-collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis F3 x 29 R 30 30 31 Cardinals & Allies Cardinalidae 31 32 Red-crowned Ant-Tanager Habia rubica F3 x 32 33 Black-backed Grosbeak Pheucticus aureoventris 33 VA 34 Blackish-blue Seedeater Amaurospiza moesta F 34 35 35 36 Troupials & Allies Icteridae 36 37 White-browed Meadowlark (Blackbird) Sturnella superciliaris 37 R4 x 38 Crested Oropendola Psarocolius decumanus 38 R4 x 39 39 40 40

Page 14 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Solitary Black Cacique Cacicus solitarius 1 R4 x 2 Yellow-rumped Cacique Cacicus cela 2 R4 x 3 Red-rumped Cacique Cacicus haemorrhous F3 x 3 4 Variable (Epaulet) Oriole Icterus pyrrhopterus F2 x 4 R4 x 5 Orange-backed Troupial Icterus croconotus 5 R4 x 6 Screaming Molothrus rufoaxillaris 6 R1 7 Molothrus bonariensis F1 7 R4 x 8 Molothrus oryzivorus F1 8 R4 x 9 Scarlet-headed Blackbird Amblyramphus holosericeus 9 R4 x 10 Chopi Blackbird Gnorimopsar chopi F 10 R4 x 11 Grayish Baywing (Bay-winged Cowb.) Agelaioides badius 11 R4 x 12 Unicolored Blackbird Agelasticus cyanopus 12 R4 x 13 13 14 Finches, Euphonias & Allies Fringillidae 14 15 Blue-naped Chlorophonia Chlorophonia cyanea F3 x 15 R3,1 16 Purple-throated Euphonia Euphonia chlorotica F2 x 16 R3,1 x 17 Violaceous Euphonia Euphonia violacea F3 x 17 R 18 Green-throated Euphonia Euphonia chalybea F 18 19 Golden-rumped Euphonia Euphonia cyanocephala F x 19 20 Chestnut-bellied Euphonia Euphonia pectoralis 2 x 20 21 21 22 Old World Sparrows Passeridae 22 23 House Sparrow (I) Passer domesticus F x 23 R4 x 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40

Page 15 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 1 2 2 3 Neotropical Rainforest Mammals: A Field Guide 2nd edition 3 4 by Louise H. Emmons 4 5 5 6 American Opossums Didelphidae 6 7 Common Opossum Didelphis marsupialis 7 8 Armadillos Dasypodidae 8 9 Nine-banded Armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus 9 10 Seven-banded Armadillo Dasypus septemcinctus 10 11 Giant Armadillo Priodontes maximus 11 12 Anteaters Myrmecophagidae 12 13 Giant Anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla 13 2 x 14 Southern Tamandua Tamandua tetradactyla 14 1 x 15 Marmosets & Tamarins Callitrichidae 15 16 Black-tailed Marmoset Mico melanurus 16 2 x 17 Night Monkeys Aotidae 17 18 Azara's Night Monkey Aotus azarae 18 2 19 New World Monkeys Cebidae 19 20 Dusky Titi Monkey Callicebus moloch 20 21 Southern Masked Titi Monkey Callicebus personatus 21 22 Brown (or Tufted) Capuchin Cebus apella 3 x 22 2 x 23 Black-stripe Cebus libidinosus 23 1 24 Large New World Monkeys Atelidae 24 25 Black Howler Monkey Alouatta caraya 25 3,1 x 26 Brown Howler Monkey Alouatta guariba 26 27 Woolly Spider Monkey Brachyteles arachnoides 27 28 Squirrels Sciuridae 28 29 Brazilian (Guianan) Squirrel Sciurus aestuans x 29 30 Porcupines Erethizontidae 30 31 Brazilian Porcupine Coendou prehensilis 31 2 32 Guinea Pigs Caviidae 32 33 Capybara Hydrochoeris hydrochoeris 2 x 33 4 x 34 Agoutis Dasyproctidae 34 35 Azara's Agouti Dasyprocta azarae 3 x 35 4 x 36 Unidentified Agouti species Dasyprocta spp. 36 37 Green Acouchi Myoprocta pratti 37 38 38 39 39 40 40

Page 16 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Agoutis Cuniculidae 1 2 Lowland Paca Cuniculus paca 2 3 Spiny Rats & Tree Rats Echimyidae 3 4 Southern Rat Kannabateomys amblyonyx 4 5 Rabbits & Hares Leporidae 5 6 Tropical Cottontail Sylvilagus brasiliensis 6 2 7 European Hare ( I ) Lepus europaeus 7 8 Sheath-tailed Emballonuridae 8 9 Long-nosed Bat Rhynchonycteris naso 9 1 x 10 Bulldog Bats Noctilionidae 10 11 Lesser Noctilio albiventris 11 4 12 Noctilio leporinus 12 3 x 13 Leaf-nosed Bats Phyllostomidae 13 14 Unidentified Leaf-nosed Bat species 14 x 15 Free-tailed & Mastiff Bats Molossidae 15 16 Brazilian Free-tailed Bat Tadarida brasiliensis 1 16 3 17 Unidentified Bat species Chiroptera 1 x 17 1 x 18 Cats Felidae 18 19 Ocelot Leopardus pardalis 19 2 x 20 Oncilla Leopardus tigrinus 20 21 Margay Leopardus weidii 21 22 Puma Puma concolor 22 23 Jaguarundi Puma yagouaroundi 23 24 Jaguar Panthera onca 24 4 x 25 Dogs Canidae 25 26 Crab-eating (Savanna) Fox Cerdocyon thous 26 4 x 27 Maned Wolf Chrysocyon brachyurus 27 28 Hoary Fox Lycalopex vetulus 28 1 29 Pampas Fox Lycalopex gymnocercus 29 30 Bush Dog Speothos venaticus 30 31 Weasels, Otters & Allies Mustelidae 31 32 Grison Galictis vittata 32 33 Tayra Eira barbara 33 2 34 Neotropical Otter Lontra longicaudis 34 1 x 35 Giant Otter Pteronura brasiliensis 35 4 x 36 Skunks Mephitidae 36 37 Striped Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus semistriatus 37 38 Raccoons & Allies Procyonidae 38 39 Crab-eating Raccoon Procyon cancrivorous 39 40 40

Page 17 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Nasua nasua 3 x 1 x 2 Tapirs Tapiridae 2 3 Brazilian Tapir Tapirus terrestris 3 2 x 4 Peccaries Tayassuidae 4 5 Collared Peccary Pecari tajuca x 5 2 x 6 White-lipped Peccary Tayassu pecari 6 7 Deer Cervidae 7 8 Marsh Deer Blastocerus dichotomus 8 4 x 9 Red Brocket Deer Mazama americana x 9 1 x 10 Gray Brocket Deer Mazama gouazoubira 10 3 x 11 Amazonian Brown Brocket Deer Mazama nemorivaga 11 1 12 Pampas Deer Ozotoceros bezoarticus 12 13 13 14 14 15 AND AMPHIBIANS 15 16 16 17 Yacaré Caiman Caiman yacare 1 x 17 4 x 18 Paraguayan Caiman Dracaena paraguayensis 18 2 19 Ameiva Lizard 19 3 x 20 Black-and-white Tegu Lizard Tupinambis merianae 20 2 x 21 Golden Tegu Lizard Tupanimbus teguixin 21 3 x 22 Green Iguana Iguana iguana 22 4 x 23 Brazilian Collared Lizard torquatus 23 3 24 Unidentified Gecko species Infraorder Gekkota 24 2 25 Yellow Anaconda Eunectes notaeus 25 1 26 Unidentified Fer De Lance species Bothrops spp. 26 27 Unidentified Coral Snake species Micrurus spp. 27 28 Olive Vine Snake Chironius fuscus 28 1 29 Caninana Snake Spilotes pullatus 29 1 30 Parrot Snake Leptophis ahaetulla 30 1 31 Vine Snake Chironius laurentis 31 1 32 Cane Toad Rhinella marina 32 1,1 h 33 Chaco Sepia Snake Thamnodynastes chaquensis 33 x 34 Unidentified Tree Frog species Scinax spp. 34 1 35 Unidentified "Toilet" Frog species 35 2 x 36 Amazon Milk Frog Trachycephalus resinifictrix 36 1 x 37 Chaco Tree Frog Hypsiboas raniceps 37 x 38 Unidentified Turtle species Order Testudines 1 38 39 Big-headed Pantanal Swamp Turtle Acanthochelys macrocephala 39 1 40 40

Page 18 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 1 2 BUTTERFLIES 2 3 3 4 Thoasa Sister Adelpha thoasa 1 4 5 Harmonia Tigerwing Tithoria harmonia 1 5 6 Ethilia Longwing Heliconius ethilla narcaea 1 6 7 Red Postman Heliconius erato x 7 1 x 8 South American Monarch Danaus plexippus 1 8 1 9 Epinome Cracker Hamadryas epinome 2 9 10 Broad-banded Swallowtail Papilio astyalus 1 10 11 Godart's Numberwing Callicore pygas 1 11 12 Hydaspes 88 Callicore hydaspes 2 x 12 x 13 Turquoise Emperor Doxocopa laurentia 2 13 14 Agathina Emperor Doxocopa agathina 2 14 15 Blue Morpho Morpho menelaus 15 3 x 16 Orange Mapwing Hypanartia lethe 2 16 17 Rusty-tipped Page Siproeta epaphus trayja 1 17 18 Julia Heliconian Dryas iulia 1 x 18 19 Laurel Leafwing Memphis moruus 1 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 MISCELLANEOUS 24 25 25 26 Unidentified Millipede species Class Diplopoda 26 2 x 27 Unidentified Dragonfly species Suborder Epiprocta x 27 4 x 28 Unidentified Giant Water Bug species Lethocerus spp. 28 1 29 Helicopter Damselfly Mecistogaster amalia 29 1 30 Unidentified Damselfly species Suborder Zygoptera x 30 1 x 31 Unidentified species Superfamily Cicadoidea 31 1 x 32 Unidentified Mound-building Macrotermes spp. 32 4 x 33 Unidentified Arboreal Termites Nasutitermes spp. 33 4 x 34 Unidentified Treehopper species Family Membracidae 34 1 x 35 Unidentified Paper species Family Vespidae 1 35 4 x 36 Azteca Ant Azteca spp. 36 x 37 Leaf Cutter Ant Tribe Attini 37 x 38 Carpenter Ant Camponotus spp. 38 x 39 Army Ant Subfamily Dorylinae 39 x 40 40

Page 19 IGUAÇU FALLS Pre-Trip and PANTANAL SAFARI -- July 5 - 20, 2018

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME I F II P IlI 1 Unidentified Tick Species Superfamily Ixodoidea 1 x 2 Orbweaver Spider Family Araneidae 2 x 3 Unidentified Jumping Spider species Family Salticidae 3 x 4 Unidentified Spider species Class Arachnida 4 x 5 Unidentified Cricket species Suborder Ensifera 5 x 6 Unidentified Mantid species Order Mantodea 6 x 7 Unidentified species Suborder Caelifera 7 x 8 Unidentified Katydid species Family Tettigoniidae 8 x 9 Unidentified True Bug species Order Hemiptera 9 x 10 Unidentified Mosquito species Family Culicidae 10 x 11 Unidentified Firefly species Family Lampyridae 11 x 12 Unidentified Sweat Bee species Family Halictidae 12 x 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 Oscar Astronotus ocellatus 20 x 21 Corydoras Catfish Corydoras spp. 21 x 22 Yellow-bellied Piranha Pygocentrus piraya 22 1 x 23 Cachara Catfish Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum 23 1 x 24 Unidentified Armoured Catfish species Order Siluriformes 24 1 25 25 26 26 27 MOLLUSKS 27 28 28 29 Apple Snail Pomacea lineata 29 3 x 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 CRUSTACEANS 33 34 34 35 Unidentified Freshwater Crab species Superfamily Trichodactyloidea 35 2 x 36 Unidentified Pantanal Crab species Order Decapoda 36 1 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40

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