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The Phanerogam Flora of Mt. Yupari, Prov. Ishikari, Hokkaido, Japan

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The Phanerogam Flora of Mt. Yupari, Prov. Ishikari, Hokkaido, Japan Title The Phanerogam Flora of Mt. Yupari, Prov. Ishikari, Hokkaido, Japan Author(s) NOSAKA, Shiro Citation Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 5, Botany, 9(2), 55-300 Issue Date 1974 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/26327 Type bulletin (article) File Information 9(2)_P55-300.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP J. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Univ. Ser. V (Botany), 9 (2): 55-300, 1974 The Phanerogam Flora of Mt. Ylipari, Provo Ishikari, Hokkaido, Japan By Shiro Nos AKA J I. Introduction. 56 II. History of the studies. 57 § 1. Floristic researches. 57 § 2. Vegetational researches. 60 § 3. Researches on the serpentine plants. 62 III. Environment. 64 § 1. Topography and geology. 64 § 2. Climate. 69 1. Temperature. .. 69 2. Rainfall and snow. 69 IV. Outlines of vegetation. 70 § 1. Observations. 70 1. The area covered with the mixed forest (lower than 900 m in alt.)..... 71 2. The area covered with the Betula ermani forest (between 900 m and 1,300 m in alt.). 74 3. The alpine area (higher than 1,300 m in alt.). 75 4. Relation between the plants and their habitats on the ser- pentine-pebble-fields or serpentine landslips. 90 § 2. Discussion and conclusion. 94 1. Forest of Mt. Yo.pari district. 94 2. Relation between the plants and their habitats on the ser- pentine-pe!lble-fields or serpentine lands lips. 97 V. The pbanerogam Flora. 106 § 1. Enumeration of plants. 106 § 2. Discussion and conclusion. 280 1. General floristic aspect. 280 2. The endemic plants. 285 3. Plants of disjuilctive distribution. 287 VI. Conclusion. 292 Summary... 294 Bibliography. 295 56 Shiro Nosaka I. Introduction This paper deals with a general feature of the phanerogam flora of Mt. Yupari based on the author's own explorations undertaken during the years from 1954 to 1969, combined together with many forerunners' works since 1913. Since Hisayoshi TAKEDA'S presentation of a new primrose species, Primula yuparensis, many scholars have visited this mountain and many additions have been made to our knowledge of its flora. At present, the number of the phanerogam plants occurring in this district approaches 535 in the species rank. Most of forerunners, except M. KUSAKA and H. TOYOKUNI, made ascents from the eastern foot of this mountain (KanayamaVill.), and, the herbaceous vegetation of the western foot of this mountain and the florula of Maedake peaks were left almost unbotanized. The present author has mainly made ascents from the western foot, and surveyed the florula of Maedake peaks, reported a preliminary report and a supplementary note on the phanerogam flora of this mountain in the Journal of Geobotany (1960-1962 and 1969), which were only of synoptical and preliminary nature. He visited there about thirty times in the recent sixteen years and spent seventy days in total for botanical survey. To the author's regret, in the recent years, the vegetation has partially been destroyed rapidly due to the artificial damage by increasing thoL2"htless climbers or campers; for instance, several noticeable plants, such as Saxi­ fraga laciniata, Dryas octopetala var. asiatica, Viola yubariana, Phyllodoce caerulea form. takedana, Primula yuparensis, Lagotis glauca subsp. takedana, Veronica schmidtiana var. yezoalpina, Saussurea chionophylla, Platanthera j hyperborea etc., are destined to become extinct. It is an urgent need to record the status now of the flora of this 'I mountain with special references to many forerunners' works. The author intends to present the status now and past of the phanerogam flora of the mountain as detailed as possible, through his researches of floristic surveys on the unexplored area, of additions of plants new to the flora and of careful observations on the serpentine florula. In presenting this paper, the author desires to acknowledge his indebt­ ness to Prof. Shigeo AKIYAMA, under whose direction this research has been continued. He wishes to express his cordial thanks to Prof. Emer. Yukio YAMADA and Prof. Munenao KUROGI, for their continual encourage­ ment. His sincere gratitude is due to Prof. Hideo TOYOKUNI, for his con- The Phanerogam Flora of Mt. Yupari, Provo Ishikari, Hokkaido, Japan 57 tinuous scientific supports. He is also indebted to Prof. Emer. Misao T ATEW AKI, Prof. K6ji I TO, Prof. Hiroshi HARA, Prof. Fumio MAEKA WA, Prof. Emer. Sir6 KITAMURA, Dr. Gen MURATA, Dr. Jisabur6 OHWI and Dr. Shunki OKUY AMA, either for kind permission to use respective herbaria and libraries or for identification of critical species. He should also like to tender his thanks to the late Prof. Masao KIKUCHI, the late Dr. Masami MIZUSHIMA, Dr. Tatemi SHIMIZU, Dr. J. A. CALDER and Dr. D. B. O. SA VILE, for their kind aids in sending literatures or plant specimens. His thanks are also due to Prof. Kan'ichi INAGAKI, Prof. Seisaku KAWABATA, Dr. Yoshio . OHTANI, Dr. Takur6 KIMURA, Dr. Masaru HAGA, Mr. Wakao YAMAGUCHI, v Mr. Hiroshi EZA WA and the staff of Oyubari Forestry Office, who have either given materials or helped him in mountaineering for plant-collecting. II. History of the studies. § 1. Floristic researches. In the latter half of the 19th century, plant specimens collected in the lower part of Mt. Yupari and its vicinity were by degrees brought to and preserved in the herbarium of Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaid6 University (SAPT). However, it was 1896 that the first sheets of plant specimens from the alpine zone of this mountain-among them were those of Pinus pumila, Salix reinii, Bistorta vivipara, Trautvetteria japonica, Trollius riederianus var. japonicus, Sieversia pentapetala, Sorbus matsumurana, Ger­ anium erianthum, Mertensia pterocarpa var. yezoensis etc.-were brought to the herbarium by Teiji ISHIKAWA, when the flora of Mt. Yupari began to unveil. Hisayoshi TAKEDA was the earliest botanist who botanically treated the respective plants occurring in the alpine zone of Mt. Yupari. In his 'Notes on the Japanese Primulas', he distinguished a tiny primrose from the previously known ones as a new species, Primula yuparensis, based on Hideo Y ANAGISA WA's specimens in 1913 (TAKEDA, 1913). In his ensuing paper, 'Some New Plants from Japanese Mountains' (1915), he described five new species from Mt. Yupari based on the specimens collected by H. YANAGISAWA in 1912 & 1913; those were, Aconitum yuparense TAKEDA, Gentiana yuparensis T., Saussurea chionophylla T., Trisetum leve T., and Saxifraga laciniata NAKAI et TAKEDA. Since the appearance of TAKEDA'S paper, many botanists have visited this mountain for botanical survey; Sh6z6 NISHIDA (1913 to 1916), Gen'ichi KOIDZUMI (1916), Hisayoshi TAKEDA & Misao T ATEW AKI (1921), Shigeo AKIYAMA (1930 & 1963), Hiroshi HARA (1933), Jisabur6 OHWI (1934), Masao 58 Shiro Nosaka KUSAKA (1939), Hideo TOYOKUNI (1952, 1954, 1956 & 1957) and others; and much information has been added to the flora of this mountain by Kingo MIYABE (1914, 1917, 1921, 1924, 1933, 1935 & 1939), Yushun KUDO (1914, 1917, 1921 & 1924), Misao TATEWAKI (1933, 1935 & 1939), Masao KUSAKA (1941 & 1942), Hideo TOYOKUNI (1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960 & 1961), Tatsuyuki OHBA (1968) and others. New plants described from this mountain by above mentioned scholars and others are as follows: TAKEDA, H.; 1. Primula yuparensis T. (1913), 2. Aconitum yuparense T. (1915), 3. Saxifraga laciniata NAKAI et TAKEDA ex TAKEDA (1915), 4. *Gentiana yuparensis T. (1915), 5. Saussurea chionophylla T. (1915), 6. *Trisetum leve T. (1915). NAKAI, T.; 3. Saxifraga laciniata NAKAI et TAKEDA ex NAKAI (1914), 7. Aconitum corymbiferum N. (1917), 8. Aconitum lucidusculum N. (1917), 9. *Draba yezoensis N. (1932), 10. Alchemilla japonica NAKAI et HARA (1937). MIY ABE, K. & Y. KUDO; 11. *Tofieldia fusca M. et K. (1914), 12. Saxi­ fraga nishidae M. et K. (1917), 13. Sedum ishidae M. et K. (1921), 14. Rham­ nus ishidae M. et K. (1923). KOIDZUMI, G.; 15. Salix yezoalpina K. (1916), 16. * Viola glabella NUTT. var. crassifolia K. (1917), 17. *Ligusticum linearilobum K. (1917), 18. Crepis gymnopus K. (1917), 19. *Taraxacum officinale WEBER var. lividum KOCH subvar. dissectissimum K. (1917), 20. Hierochloe plurifiora K. (1917), 21. *Veronica senanensis MAXIM. var. yezoalpina K. ex NAKAI (1933). MIY ABE, K. & M. T ATEW AKI; 22. *Lagotis takedana M. et T. (1933), 23. Potentilla nivea L. var. yuparensis M. et. T. (1939). T ATEW AKI, M.; 24. ". Phyllodoce caerulea BABINGTON var. takedana T. (1936). HONDA, M.; 25. *Clinelymus yubaridakensis H. (1936). HARA, H.; 10. Alchemilla japonica NAKAI et HARA ex HARA (1937). KITAMURA, S.; 26. *Saussurea riederi HERD. subsp. yezoensis (MAXIM.) K. var. yuparensis K. (1937). MIY ABE, K.; 27. *Ranunculus yuparensis MIY ABE ex TOYOKUNI (1953). TOYOKUNI, H; 28. *Phyllodoce tsugifolia NAKAI var. oblongo-ovata TATEWAKI form. viridifiora TOYOKUNI ex TOYOKUNI & IGARASHI (1952), 29. Erigeron thunbergii subsp. glabratus HARA form. haruoi T. (1953). ISII, S. & M. KUSAKA; 30. Pinus pumila REGEL var. yezoalpina ISII et KUSAKA ex IWATA & KUSAKA (1954). HA YASHI, Y.; 31. *Pentstemon frutescens LAMBERT form. albifiora H. (1954). The Phanerogam Flora of Ait. Y upari. Provo Ishikari, Hokkaido, Japan 59 TOYOKUNI, H. & S. NOSAKA; 32. Adenophora pereskiaefolia FISCHER var. yamadae T. et N. (1960). NOSAKA, S.; 33. Sedum pluricaule KUDO subsp. ezawae N. (1971). And now, the author intends to present one new species: 34. Saxi­ fraga yuparensis Nos AKA, sp. nov. Scientific names marked with the asterisk were corrected later. The first scholar who brought the whole aspect of the flora to light was Sh6z6 NISHIDA. NISHIDA (1919) presented a paper concerning the plant distribution in the Yubari Mountain Range (NISHIDA, 1919), in which he described main characters of the vegetation in this mountain, the relations of the florula to those of other districts, and drew up a list of vascular plants occurring in the Yubari Mountain Range, based mainly upon the specimens collected by H.
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