DOCSLIB.ORG

Check-List of the Pycnogonids from Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Waters

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Check-List of the Pycnogonids from Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Waters Antarctic Science page 1 of 13 (2008) & Antarctic Science Ltd 2008 doi:10.1017/S095410200800151X Check-list of the pycnogonids from Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters: zoogeographic implications TOMA´ S MUNILLA and ANNA SOLER MEMBRIVES Unidad de Zoologı´a, Universidad Auto´noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain [email protected] Abstract: This study contains the current list of the austral pycnogonids together with details of their depth range and distribution. To date 264 species have been recorded, accounting for 19.6% of the 1344 species recorded worldwide. One hundred and eight species are endemic to Antarctic waters, 62 to the sub- Antarctic, 63 are common in both regions, and 55 are circumpolar. The richest genus is Nymphon, with 67 species and the richest area is the Scotia Sea. Comparing species lists between the years 2000 and 2007 shows that increased expeditions with more sampling has increased the circumpolarity of species and decreased zonal endemicity. The benthic insular refuge hypothesis is proposed as an explanation for the southern distribution of the present pycnogonid fauna, with an origin in the Scotia Arc. Received 2 May 2007, accepted 13 March 2008 Key words: benthic insular refuge hypothesis, biogeography, circumpolarity, endemicity Introduction 1998, Pushkin 1988, Munilla 1989, 1991, 2000, 2001b, Pycnogonids (Chelicerata, Arthropoda) from Antarctic and 2002, 2005, Stiboy-Risch 1992, 1993, 1994, Bamber 1995, sub-Antarctic waters have been studied more extensively than 2007, Bamber et al. 2001, Chimenz & Gravina 2001), were those from any other ocean of a similar size. Exploration of used to compile the species list. The main zoogeographical this area began with the American expedition of Nathaniel works about pycnogonids are those of Fry (1964), Fry & Palmer whose naturalist, James Eights (1835), described and Hedgpeth (1969), Hedgpeth (1969a, 1969b, 1971) and drew the first Antarctic pycnogonid Decolopoda australis on Munilla 2001a. Other works (Clarke & Crame 1989, 1997, a serolid and some fossils. Pycnogonids have been collected Barnes & De Grave 2000, Clarke & Johnston 2003, Arntz by many scientists but the main monographs are by Hoek et al. 2005, 2006, Barnes 2005, 2006, Clarke et al. 2005, (1881), Mo¨bius (1902), Hodgson (1907, 1927), Bouvier Moyano 2005, Thatje et al. 2005, Gili et al. 2006, Linse et al. (1913), Calman (1915), Gordon (1932, 1938, 1944), Fry & 2006), contain particular zoogeographical reviews of some Hedgpeth (1969), Pushkin (1993) and Child (1994a, 1994b, zoological groups or global and evolutionary reviews of 1995a, 1995b, 1995c). The most detailed information about benthos. A total of 98 papers were consulted. the historical background of several families is contained in the Child papers, whilst the Pushkin monograph shows the geographical distribution of many species. The two latest Results and discussion Antarctic species to be described are Ammothe bigibossa Munilla, 2005 and Ammothea victoriae Cano & Lo´pez- Historical research and specific richness Gonzalez, 2007 from the Antarctic Peninsula and the Ross This analysis of the austral pycnogonids covers 172 years, Sea respectively. The aim of this paper is to provide a 16 countries and more than 42 ships or expeditions. So far complete up-to-date list of austral pycnogonids and, using 40 000 specimens have been found in the Antarctic and zoogeographical information consider hypotheses describing sub-Antarctic waters, (termed the Austral Ocean by Jacques their geographical distribution. & Treguer 1986, p. 133) at about 2100 sampled stations. The Southern Ocean usually contains the Antarctic waters south of the Polar Front and does not include sub-Antarctic Material and methods localities between this front and the Subtropical This paper is an analysis of published data. The works Convergence (D. Barnes, personal communication 2007). mentioned above, as well as the Mu¨ller catalogue (1993) and This sub-Antarctic zone contains many islands with many others (Hoek 1898, Hodgson 1902, 1904, 1908, 1914, pycnogonids (see legend, Table I) and the South American 1915, Bouvier 1905, 1906, Loman 1923, Calman 1933, zone (Magellan and Falkland zones). Bouvet Island is just Stephensen 1947, Hedgpeth 1950, Fage 1952a, 1952b, south of the Polar Front, but given its isolation and that it Utinomi 1959, Stock 1965, Arnaud 1972a, 1972b, Pushkin acts as a link between sub-Antarctic and Antarctic fauna 1974, 1975a, 1975b, 1976, 1977, 1982, 1984a, 1984b, 1990, (Arntz et al. 2006), I consider it as another sub-Antarctic Turpaeva 1974, 1990, 1998, 2000, Krapp 1980, Child 1987, island. Moreover, the general composition of the actual 1 2 TOMA´ S MUNILLA & ANNA SOLER MEMBRIVES Table I. Genera and species recorded in Antarctic (A) and sub-Antarctic (S) waters with regard to their depth and various geographical zones. W.sp ¼ number of world species. Antarctic waters: C ¼ circumpolar, Sc ¼ Scotia Sea, p ¼ Antarctic Peninsula, a ¼ Amundsen Sea, b ¼ Bellingshausen Sea, r ¼ Ross Sea, w ¼ Weddell Sea, e ¼ East Antarctic zone. sub-Antarctic waters: s ¼ South America, k ¼ Iles Kerguelen, c ¼ Ile Crozet, n ¼ New Zealand Plateau, t ¼ Tristan da Cunha, b ¼ Bouvet Is., M þ PE ¼ Marion & Prince Edwards Is., St.P þ A ¼ Saint Paul & Amsterdam Is. Genera/species W. A þ S sp. & Depth Antarctic sub-Antarctic Remarks and synonyms sp. %ofW.sp (m) zone zone Achelia 80 12 (15.4) A. assimilis (Haswell, 1875) 0–903 s,n also west Pacific and Australia A. communis (Bouvier, 1906) 0–714 C s,t A. brucei Calman, 1915 A. dorhni (Thompson, 1884) 0–192 n A. hoekii (Pfeffer, 1889) 5–256 Sc,p,b s A. lagena Child, 1994a 23–137 s A. megacephala (Hodgson, shallow water k 1915) A. parvula (Loman, 1923) 0–267 p s also in Peru-Ecuador-Argentina A. quadridentata (Hodgson, 0–21 St.Pl þ A 1910) A. serratipalpis (Bouvier, 1911) 64–361 Sc,p,b,e. also on Angola coast A. spicata (Hodgson, 1915) 0–1138 C described as Austrothea A. sufflata Gordon, 1944 0–300 w,e e: 40–100ºE A. transfuga Stock, 1954 2–10 n muddy bottom Ammothea 40 25 (62.5) Magnammothea and Biammothea A. adunca Child, 1994a 185–800 w k A. allopodes Fry & Hedgpeth, 210–2000 C b A. bicorniculata Stiboy-Risch, 1992 1969 A. antipodensis Clark, 1972 0–24 n A. armentis Child, 1994a 230–380 k A. bentartica Munilla, 2001 167–335 Sc Livingston. Island, mud A. bigibbosa Munilla, 2005 517 p A. calmani Gordon, 1932 99–1408 Sc,p,b,r,w A. carolinensis Leach, 1814 3–670 C b A. clausi Pfeffer, 1889 3–860 C s A. cooki Child, 1987 1463–2992 n A. dubia (Hedgpeth, 1950) 106 r described as Boehmia A. gibbosa Bouvier, 1913 439–567 b recorded as Colossendeis gibbosa Mo¨bius, 1902 A. gigantea Gordon, 1932 99–1116 C 145ºE–178ºW. Magnammothea gigantea Fry & Hedgpeth, 1969 A. glacialis (Hodgson, 1907) 0–640 C A. gordonae Child, 1994a) 348–732 Sc,r A. hesperidensis Munilla, 2000 30–439 Sc Livingston. Island, mud A. longispina Gordon, 1932 57–1454 C s A. meridionalis (Hodgson, 1915) 10–454 C A. minor (Hodgson, 1907) 8–473 C A. sextarticulata Munilla, 1989 5–516 C also on South Georgia, Biammothea brevipalpa Puskin, 1993 A. spinosa Hodgson, 1907 76–1679 Sc,p,w,r s also in Argentine Basin A. striata Mo¨bius, 1902 72–567 C b A. stylirostris Gordon, 1932 165–494 Sc,w,p s A. tetrapora Gordon, 1932 105–303 Sc s A. tibialis Munilla, 2002 710 Sc A. victoriae Cano & Lo´pez, 2007 360–366 r Ascorhynchus 75 6 (8.0) A. antipodus Child, 1987 5340 n A. cooki Child, 1987 1463–2992 n A. cuculus Fry & Hedgpeth, 993–4008 Sc also in Argentine Basin 1969 A. hedgpheti Turpaeva, 1974 3700–3910 Sc A. inflatum Stock, 1963 2743–6070 Sc also in Peru–Chile trench, South Africa, Kurile trench A. ornatum (Helfer, 1938) 90–108 k also in South Africa Continued CHECK-LIST OF ANTARCTIC AND SUB-ANTARCTIC PYCNOGONIDS 3 Table I. (Continued) Genera and species recorded in Antarctic (A) and sub-Antarctic (S) waters with regard to their depth and various geographical zones. W.sp ¼ number of world species. Antarctic waters: C ¼ circumpolar, Sc ¼ Scotia Sea, p ¼ Antarctic Peninsula, a ¼ Amundsen Sea, b ¼ Bellingshausen Sea, r ¼ Ross Sea, w ¼ Weddell Sea, e ¼ East Antarctic zone. sub-Antarctic waters: s ¼ South America, k ¼ Iles Kerguelen, c ¼ Ile Crozet, n ¼ New Zealand Plateau, t ¼ Tristan da Cunha, b ¼ Bouvet Is., M þ PE ¼ Marion & Prince Edwards Is., St.P þ A ¼ Saint Paul & Amsterdam Is. Genera/species W. A þ S sp. & Depth Antarctic sub-Antarctic Remarks and synonyms sp. %ofW.sp (m) zone zone Austroraptus 5 5 (100) A. calcaratus Gordon, 1944 143–219 r,e e: 65ºE A. juvenilis Calman, 1915 3–500 C e: 92ºE, 145ºE A. polaris Hodgson, 1907 10–569 Sc,p,b,r,e e: 78ºE. Possibly C A. praecox Calman, 1915 6–260 C A. sicarius Fry & Hedgpeth, 220–380 Sc,r 1969 Cilunculus 31 4 (12.9) C. acanthus Fry & Hedgpeth, 2440–2818 b also in Argentine Basin 1969 C. cactoides Fry & Hedgpeth, 38–540 Sc,p,e n 1969 C. kravcovi Pushkin, 1973 255–309 c,M þ PE C. spinicristus Child, 1987 476–540 n Dromedopycnon 2 1 (50) D. acanthus Child, 1982 124–903 s also in Brazilian slope Eurycyde 21 1 (4.8) E. antarctica Child, 1987 527–714 r Sericosura 6 1 (16.7) S. mitrata (Gordon, 1944) 106–2154 r also in Walvis Ridge (South Africa) Tanystylum 45 10 (22.2) T. antipodum Clark, 1977 shallow water n T. brevicaudatum (Fage & Stock, 0–15 St.P þ A also in Cape Verde Island 1966) T. brevipes (Hoek, 1881) 45–100 p,St þ A also in South Africa T.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phylogenomic Resolution of Sea Spider Diversification Through Integration Of
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.31.929612; this version posted February 2, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Phylogenomic resolution of sea spider diversification through integration of multiple data classes 1Jesús A. Ballesteros†, 1Emily V.W. Setton†, 1Carlos E. Santibáñez López†, 2Claudia P. Arango, 3Georg Brenneis, 4Saskia Brix, 5Esperanza Cano-Sánchez, 6Merai Dandouch, 6Geoffrey F. Dilly, 7Marc P. Eleaume, 1Guilherme Gainett, 8Cyril Gallut, 6Sean McAtee, 6Lauren McIntyre, 9Amy L. Moran, 6Randy Moran, 5Pablo J. López-González, 10Gerhard Scholtz, 6Clay Williamson, 11H. Arthur Woods, 12Ward C. Wheeler, 1Prashant P. Sharma* 1 Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA 2 Queensland Museum, Biodiversity Program, Brisbane, Australia 3 Zoologisches Institut und Museum, Cytologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany 4 Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), c/o Biocenter Grindel (CeNak), Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, Hamburg, Germany 5 Biodiversidad y Ecología Acuática, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain 6 Department of Biology, California State University-Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA, USA 7 Départment Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France 8 Institut de Systématique, Emvolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Concarneau, France 9 Department of Biology, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA Page 1 of 31 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.31.929612; this version posted February 2, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder.
    [Show full text]
  • 92. Arango, C. A., and W. C. Wheeler. 2007. Phylogeny of the Sea Spiders
    Cladistics Cladistics 23 (2007) 255–293 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00143.x Phylogeny of the sea spiders (Arthropoda, Pycnogonida) based on direct optimization of six loci and morphology Claudia P. Arango* and Ward C. Wheeler Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History New York, NY 10024-5192, USA Accepted 13 October 2006 Abstract Higher-level phylogenetics of Pycnogonida has been discussed for many decades but scarcely studied from a cladistic perspective. Traditional taxonomic classifications are yet to be tested and affinities among families and genera are not well understood. Pycnogonida includes more than 1300 species described, but no systematic revisions at any level are available. Previous attempts to propose a phylogeny of the sea spiders were limited in characters and taxon sampling, therefore not allowing a robust test of relationships among lineages. Herein, we present the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Pycnogonida based on a total evidence approach and Direct Optimization. Sixty-three pycnogonid species representing all families including fossil taxa were included. For most of the extant taxa more than 6 kb of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA and 78 morphological characters were scored. The most parsimonious hypotheses obtained in equally weighted total evidence analyses show the two most diverse families Ammotheidae and Callipallenidae to be non-monophyletic. Austrodecidae + Colossendeidae + Pycnogonidae are in the basal most clade, these are morphologically diverse groups of species mostly found in cold waters. The raising of the family Pallenopsidae is supported, while Eurycyde and Ascorhynchus are definitely separated from Ammotheidae. The four fossil taxa are grouped within living Pycnogonida, instead of being an early derived clade.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthropoda: Pycnogonida)
    European Journal of Taxonomy 286: 1–33 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.286 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2017 · Sabroux R. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. DNA Library of Life, research article urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8B9DADD0-415E-4120-A10E-8A3411C1C1A4 Biodiversity and phylogeny of Ammotheidae (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) Romain SABROUX 1, Laure CORBARI 2, Franz KRAPP 3, Céline BONILLO 4, Stépahnie LE PRIEUR 5 & Alexandre HASSANIN 6,* 1,2,6 UMR 7205, Institut de Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité, Département Systématique et Evolution, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, CP 51, 75005 Paris, France. 3 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany. 4,5 UMS CNRS 2700, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CP 26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. * Corresponding author: [email protected] 1 Email: [email protected] 2 Email: [email protected] 3 Email: [email protected] 4 Email: [email protected] 5 Email: [email protected] 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:F48B4ABE-06BD-41B1-B856-A12BE97F9653 2 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:9E5EBA7B-C2F2-4F30-9FD5-1A0E49924F13 3 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:331AD231-A810-42F9-AF8A-DDC319AA351A 4 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:7333D242-0714-41D7-B2DB-6804F8064B13 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:5C9F4E71-9D73-459F-BABA-7495853B1981 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:0DCC3E08-B2BA-4A2C-ADA5-1A256F24DAA1 Abstract. The family Ammotheidae is the most diversified group of the class Pycnogonida, with 297 species described in 20 genera.
    [Show full text]
  • Geological History and Phylogeny of Chelicerata
    Arthropod Structure & Development 39 (2010) 124–142 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Arthropod Structure & Development journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/asd Review Article Geological history and phylogeny of Chelicerata Jason A. Dunlop* Museum fu¨r Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity at the Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstraße 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany article info abstract Article history: Chelicerata probably appeared during the Cambrian period. Their precise origins remain unclear, but may Received 1 December 2009 lie among the so-called great appendage arthropods. By the late Cambrian there is evidence for both Accepted 13 January 2010 Pycnogonida and Euchelicerata. Relationships between the principal euchelicerate lineages are unre- solved, but Xiphosura, Eurypterida and Chasmataspidida (the last two extinct), are all known as body Keywords: fossils from the Ordovician. The fourth group, Arachnida, was found monophyletic in most recent studies. Arachnida Arachnids are known unequivocally from the Silurian (a putative Ordovician mite remains controversial), Fossil record and the balance of evidence favours a common, terrestrial ancestor. Recent work recognises four prin- Phylogeny Evolutionary tree cipal arachnid clades: Stethostomata, Haplocnemata, Acaromorpha and Pantetrapulmonata, of which the pantetrapulmonates (spiders and their relatives) are probably the most robust grouping. Stethostomata includes Scorpiones (Silurian–Recent) and Opiliones (Devonian–Recent), while
    [Show full text]
  • Phylum Arthropoda*
    Zootaxa 3703 (1): 017–026 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Correspondence ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.6 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FBDB78E3-21AB-46E6-BD4F-A4ADBB940DCC Phylum Arthropoda* ZHI-QIANG ZHANG New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand; [email protected] * In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness (Addenda 2013). Zootaxa, 3703, 1–82. Abstract The Arthropoda is here estimated to have 1,302,809 described species, including 45,769 fossil species (the diversity of fossil taxa is here underestimated for many taxa of the Arthropoda). The Insecta (1,070,781 species) is the most successful group, and it alone accounts for over 80% of all arthropods. The most successful insect order, Coleoptera (392,415 species), represents over one-third of all species in 39 insect orders. Another major group in Arthropoda is the class Arachnida (114,275 species), which is dominated by the Acari (55,214 mite and tick species) and Araneae (44,863 spider species). Other diverse arthropod groups include Crustacea (73,141 species), Trilobitomorpha (20,906 species) and Myriapoda (12,010 species). Key words: Classification, diversity, Arthropoda Introduction The Arthropoda, with over 1.5 million described species, is the largest animal phylum, and it alone accounts for about 80% of the total number of species in the animal kingdom (Zhang 2011a). In the last volume on animal higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness, 28 chapters by numerous teams of specialists were published on various taxa of the Arthropoda, but there were many gaps to be filled (Zhang 2011b).
    [Show full text]
  • ZOOLOGICKÉ DNY České Budějovice 2016
    ZOOLOGICKÉ DNY České Budějovice 2016 Sborník abstraktů z konference 11.-12. února 2016 Editoři: BRYJA Josef, SEDLÁČEK František & FUCHS Roman 1 Pořadatelé konference: Katedra zoologie, Přírodovědecká fakulta JU, České Budějovice Ústav biologie obratlovců AV ČR, v.v.i., Brno Česká zoologická společnost Biologické centrum AV ČR, v.v.i., České Budějovice Místo konání: Přírodovědecká fakulta JU a Biologické centrum AV ČR, v.v.i., České Budějovice Datum konání: 11.-12. února 2016 Řídící výbor konference: Bryja J. (Brno) Pekár S. (Brno) Drozd P. (Ostrava) Pižl V. (České Budějovice) Horsák M. (Brno) Řehák Z. (Brno) Kaňuch P. (Zvolen) Sedláček F. (České Budějovice) Krištín A. (Zvolen) Stanko M. (Košice) Macholán M. (Brno) Tkadlec E. (Olomouc) Munclinger P. (Praha) Zukal J. (Brno) BRYJA J., SEDLÁČEK F. & FUCHS R. (Eds.): Zoologické dny České Budějovice 2016. Sborník abstraktů z konference 11.-12. února 2016. Vydal: Ústav biologie obratlovců AV ČR, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno Grafická úprava: BRYJA J. VRBOVÁ KOMÁRKOVÁ J. 1. vydání, 2016 Náklad 450 výtisků. Doporučená cena 150 Kč. Vydáno jako neperiodická účelová publikace. Za jazykovou úpravu a obsah příspěvků jsou odpovědni jejich autoři. ISBN 978-80-87189-20-7 2 Zoologické dny České Budějovice 2016, Sborník abstraktů z konference 11.-12. února 2016 PROGRAM KONFERENCE Kongresová hala BC AV ČR Posluchárna B2 (budova "B") Posluchárna C2 (budova "C") Posluchárna C1 (budova "C") Čtvrtek 11.2.2016 09.00-09.15 Oficiální zahájení (Kongresová hala BC AV ČR) 09.15-10.00 Plenární přednáška (Kongresová
    [Show full text]
  • Benthic Habitats and Biodiversity of Dampier and Montebello Marine
    CSIRO OCEANS & ATMOSPHERE Benthic habitats and biodiversity of the Dampier and Montebello Australian Marine Parks Edited by: John Keesing, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Research March 2019 ISBN 978-1-4863-1225-2 Print 978-1-4863-1226-9 On-line Contributors The following people contributed to this study. Affiliation is CSIRO unless otherwise stated. WAM = Western Australia Museum, MV = Museum of Victoria, DPIRD = Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Study design and operational execution: John Keesing, Nick Mortimer, Stephen Newman (DPIRD), Roland Pitcher, Keith Sainsbury (SainsSolutions), Joanna Strzelecki, Corey Wakefield (DPIRD), John Wakeford (Fishing Untangled), Alan Williams Field work: Belinda Alvarez, Dion Boddington (DPIRD), Monika Bryce, Susan Cheers, Brett Chrisafulli (DPIRD), Frances Cooke, Frank Coman, Christopher Dowling (DPIRD), Gary Fry, Cristiano Giordani (Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia), Alastair Graham, Mark Green, Qingxi Han (Ningbo University, China), John Keesing, Peter Karuso (Macquarie University), Matt Lansdell, Maylene Loo, Hector Lozano‐Montes, Huabin Mao (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Margaret Miller, Nick Mortimer, James McLaughlin, Amy Nau, Kate Naughton (MV), Tracee Nguyen, Camilla Novaglio, John Pogonoski, Keith Sainsbury (SainsSolutions), Craig Skepper (DPIRD), Joanna Strzelecki, Tonya Van Der Velde, Alan Williams Taxonomy and contributions to Chapter 4: Belinda Alvarez, Sharon Appleyard, Monika Bryce, Alastair Graham, Qingxi Han (Ningbo University, China), Glad Hansen (WAM),
    [Show full text]
  • Benthic Field Guide 5.5.Indb
    Field Identifi cation Guide to Heard Island and McDonald Islands Benthic Invertebrates Invertebrates Benthic Moore Islands Kirrily and McDonald and Hibberd Ty Island Heard to Guide cation Identifi Field Field Identifi cation Guide to Heard Island and McDonald Islands Benthic Invertebrates A guide for scientifi c observers aboard fi shing vessels Little is known about the deep sea benthic invertebrate diversity in the territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands (HIMI). In an initiative to help further our understanding, invertebrate surveys over the past seven years have now revealed more than 500 species, many of which are endemic. This is an essential reference guide to these species. Illustrated with hundreds of representative photographs, it includes brief narratives on the biology and ecology of the major taxonomic groups and characteristic features of common species. It is primarily aimed at scientifi c observers, and is intended to be used as both a training tool prior to deployment at-sea, and for use in making accurate identifi cations of invertebrate by catch when operating in the HIMI region. Many of the featured organisms are also found throughout the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, the guide therefore having national appeal. Ty Hibberd and Kirrily Moore Australian Antarctic Division Fisheries Research and Development Corporation covers2.indd 113 11/8/09 2:55:44 PM Author: Hibberd, Ty. Title: Field identification guide to Heard Island and McDonald Islands benthic invertebrates : a guide for scientific observers aboard fishing vessels / Ty Hibberd, Kirrily Moore. Edition: 1st ed. ISBN: 9781876934156 (pbk.) Notes: Bibliography. Subjects: Benthic animals—Heard Island (Heard and McDonald Islands)--Identification.
    [Show full text]
  • Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
    SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 106, NUMBER 18 ON THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PYCNOGONIDA (With One Plate) BY joi<:l w. hedgpeth Marine Biologist, Texas Game, Fish and Oyster Commission (PuiiLICATIUN 3866) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION MARCH 24, 1947 SA'IITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 106, NUMBER 18 ON THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PYCNOGONIDA (With One Plate) BY JOEL W. HEDGPETH Marine Biologist, Texas Game, Fish and Oyster Commission (Publication 3866) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION MARCH 24. 1947 BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A. ON THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PYCNOGONIDA By JOEL W. HEDGPETH Marine Biologist, Texas Game, Fish and Oyster Commission (With One Plate) INTRODUCTORY NOTE The Pycnogonida, or sea spiders, are an anomalous class or sub- phylum of marine arthropods, unknown except by name to most zo- ologists. They are of no economic importance to man, and of little discernible significance in the natural order of things. Yet within the last lo years more than 50 papers dealing with these creatures have been published, and the complete bibliography now comprises several hundred titles. More than 500 species have been described, but there are relatively few parts of the world in which the pycnogonid fauna is adequately known, and the actual number of extant species may be considerably larger. Also known as Pantopoda, the Pycnogonida have often been con- sidered an "appendix" to the Arachnida in comprehensive treatises, but they have no real relationship to the arachnids, since at no stage in their development do they have a cephalothorax or prominent abdo- men.
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Calibrations for the Arthropod Tree of Life
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/044859; this version posted June 10, 2016. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. FOSSIL CALIBRATIONS FOR THE ARTHROPOD TREE OF LIFE AUTHORS Joanna M. Wolfe1*, Allison C. Daley2,3, David A. Legg3, Gregory D. Edgecombe4 1 Department of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 2 Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK 3 Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PZ, UK 4 Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Fossil age data and molecular sequences are increasingly combined to establish a timescale for the Tree of Life. Arthropods, as the most species-rich and morphologically disparate animal phylum, have received substantial attention, particularly with regard to questions such as the timing of habitat shifts (e.g. terrestrialisation), genome evolution (e.g. gene family duplication and functional evolution), origins of novel characters and behaviours (e.g. wings and flight, venom, silk), biogeography, rate of diversification (e.g. Cambrian explosion, insect coevolution with angiosperms, evolution of crab body plans), and the evolution of arthropod microbiomes. We present herein a series of rigorously vetted calibration fossils for arthropod evolutionary history, taking into account recently published guidelines for best practice in fossil calibration.
    [Show full text]
  • Pycnogonida: Colossendeidae) Together with Records from Australian and New Zealand Waters
    Memoirs of Museum Victoria 64: 79–94 (2007) ISSN 1447-2546 (Print) 1447-2554 (On-line) http://museumvictoria.com.au/Memoirs/ A new species of Colossendeis (Pycnogonida: Colossendeidae) together with records from Australian and New Zealand waters DAV I D A. STAPLES Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001 Australia ([email protected]) Abstract Staples, D. A. 2007. A new species of Colossendeis (Pycnogonida: Colossendeidae) together with records from Australian and New Zealand waters. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 64: 79–94. Six species of the genus Colossendeis Jarzynsky, 1870 and one species of Hedgpethia Turpaeva, 1973 are reported from Australian and New Zealand waters; namely Colossendeis arcuata Milne-Edwards, 1885, C. colossea Wilson, 1881, C. tasmanica sp. nov, C. melancholicus Stock, 1975, C. spicula Child, 1994, C. mycterismos Bamber, 2004 and Hedgpethia dampieri (Child, 1975). Colossendeis melancholicus, C. spicula and C. mycterismos are recorded from the region for the fi rst time. Diagnoses for each species are provided. Type specimens of Hedgpethia dampieri have been re-examined. Keywords Pycnogonida, southern Australia, north-west Australia, New Zealand, Colossendeidae, Colossendeis, Hedgpethia, deep- sea, Tasman Sea, NORFANZ. Introduction new records. A large number of specimens collectively grouped under the macerrima complex of species (Stock, This paper reports on pycnogonid material belonging to the 1978), will be the subject of a separate paper. Deep-sea family Colossendeidae collected from Australian and New observations of a Colossendeis swimming off the bottom Zealand waters, between approximate latitudes of 21°S and (Grassle et al., 1975), another fl oating near the bottom (Monod, 55°S.
    [Show full text]
  • PYCNOGONIDS Sea Spiders of California
    PYCNOGONIDS Sea Spiders of California Sea spiders are neither spiders nor crustaceans. They are a separate class of the phylum Arthropoda (or a separate sub phylum according to some). They do, however, have considerable gross anatomical similarity to spiders. The following comments on the general anatomy and natural history of sea spiders are drawn in large part from a semi-popular synopsis by King (1974) augmented with observations by others (particularly Bouvier 1923). King's account is recommended to all interested in the ecology or taxonomy of California sea spiders. STRUCTURE most pycnogonids have four pairs of legs although species with five or six pairs are found elsewhere in the world (Fry and Hedgpeth 1969), and may be located in waters offshore California An anterior proboscis, a dorsal ocular tubercle, and a posterior abdomen are found along the midline of the body (Fig. 1). The ocular tubercle may either be absent (as m the aberrant interstitial Rhqnchothorax) or may range from a low nub to a long thin "turret" raised far above the dorsum. It may be followed by one or more anoculate tubercles along the dorsal midline. The abdomen may in some species protrude above the dorsum rather than posteriorly. Three other types of appendages occur: chelifores, palps, and ovigers. Chelifores are short, 1-4 segmented limbs above the proboscis, usually ending in chelae. Posterioventral from these a pair of palps are located in some species Chelifores and palps are not present in all species, and their structure varies with age in some families. The chelifores may be chelate in the young and achelate in the adult (eg.
    [Show full text]