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PENSARE IL BIOS B@Belonline/Print
PENSARE IL BIOS B@belonline/print Rivista semestrale di Filosofia N. 5 – Anno 2008 B@belonline/print è la versione a stampa della rivista elettronica www.babelonline.net Due modalità di esprimere la filosofia oggi che dialogano nell’identità e nella differenza dei modi e dei contenuti Questo numero della rivista è stato realizzato con il contributo del Dipartimento di Filosofia dell’Università degli Studi Roma Tre. B@belonline/print Direzione e Redazione Dipartimento di Filosofia Università degli Studi Roma Tre Via Ostiense 234 00146 Roma Sito Internet:http://host.uniroma3.it/dipartimenti/filosofia Tel. + 39.06.57338338/57338425 – fax + 39.06.57338340 Direttore: Francesca Brezzi Comitato direttivo: Patrizia Cipolletta ([email protected]) e Chiara Di Marco ([email protected] ) Comitato scientifico: Giuseppe Cantillo, Riccardo Chiaradonna, Claudia Dovolich, Daniella Iannotta, Giacomo Marramao, Elio Matassi, Paolo Nepi, Maria Teresa Pansera, Stefano Poggi, Beatrice Tortolici, Carmelo Vigna Comitato di redazione: Mattia Artibani, Francesca Gambetti, Carla Guetti, Davide Maggiore, Sabine Meine, Paolo Mulè Abbonamento annuale: 25 € (Italia), 30 € (Estero), 20 € (Studenti), 35 € (Sostenitori) da versare sul c.c. n. 38372207, intestato a: Associazione Culturale Mimesis. Spedire fotocopia della ricevuta alla Redazione di B@belonline via fax, o via e-mail, o via posta. Numeri arretrati: versare 20 € sul c.c. indicato e inviare la ricevuta alla Redazione. Libri per recensioni, riviste e manoscritti possono essere inviati alla Segreteria di -
'Putnam on Bivs and Radical Scepticism'
For Putnam on Brains in Vats, (ed.) S. Goldberg, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). ‘PUTNAM ON BIVS AND RADICAL SCEPTICISM’ DUNCAN PRITCHARD & CHRIS RANALLI University of Edinburgh & National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) ABSTRACT. The aim of this paper is to explore Putnam’s influential ‘BIV’ argument against radical scepticism, both as he presents this argument and as it has subsequently been reconstructed. §1 explores the BIV argument as Putnam presents it and the anti-sceptical morals that he extracts from this argument. §2 examines a core critique of the argument, so conceived, from Anthony Brueckner. §3 then critically evaluates an influential reconstruction of Putnam’s argument, due to Crispin Wright. §4-5 explores the idea that Putnam’s argument is best thought of as a transcendental response to radical scepticism, and accordingly applies Stroud’s challenge to transcendental arguments to this proposal. Finally, §6 examines an influential criticism of Putnam’s argument which is due to Nagel. 1. PUTNAM’S BIV ARGUMENT A familiar way of arguing for radical scepticism is by appeal to radical sceptical hypotheses, such as the hypothesis that one might be a brain-in-vat (BIV) which is being radically, and undetectably, deceived about its environment. Roughly, the sceptical argument goes that since such sceptical hypotheses are by their nature indistinguishable from normal experience, so one cannot know that they are false. Furthermore, if one cannot know that they are false, then it follows that one can’t know much of what one believes, most of which is inconsistent with radical sceptical hypotheses. This last step will almost certainly require some sort of closure-style principle, whereby knowledge is closed under known entailments. -
Haack on Justification and Experience
LAURENCE BONJOUR HAACK ON JUSTIFICATION AND EXPERIENCE Evidence and Inquiry1 is a wonderfully rich and insightful book. It contains compelling analyses and critiques of a wide variety of epistemological and anti-epistemological views pertaining to empirical knowledge, including recent versions of foundationalism and coherentism, Popper's ªepistemol- ogy without a knowing subjectº, Quine's naturalized epistemology, Gold- man's reliabilism, the scientistic views of Stich and the Churchlands, and the ªvulgar pragmatismº, as Haack quite appropriately refers to it, of Rorty and the more recent Stich. All of this material is valuable, and much of it seems to me entirely decisive. In particular, the critical discussion of reliabilism is by far the best and most complete in the literature; and the analysis and refutation of the various recent efforts to evade or dismiss the traditional epistemological projects and issues is nothing short of devas- tating. Indeed, it is its resolute refusal to be diverted from the pursuit of the traditional epistemological issues that seems to me the most valuable feature of the book. In this spirit, while applauding Haack's demolition of the various anti- epistemological views ± it was dirty work, but someone had to do it ± I will focus here on her discussions of the views that attempt to solve rather than dissolve the traditional epistemological issues concerning empirical knowledge. I will begin by considering Haack's critique of recent versions of coherentism and foundationalism. I will then turn to a more extended exposition and evaluation of her own proposed third alternative, which she dubs foundherentism. 1. I begin with the view that has, until fairly recently, been closest to my own heart, namely coherentism. -
COSMOS + TAXIS | Volume 8 Issues 4 + 5 2020
ISSN 2291-5079 Vol 8 | Issue 4 + 5 2020 COSMOS + TAXIS Studies in Emergent Order and Organization Philosophy, the World, Life and the Law: In Honour of Susan Haack PART I INTRODUCTION PHILOSOPHY AND HOW WE GO ABOUT IT THE WORLD AND HOW WE UNDERSTAND IT COVER IMAGE Susan Haack on being awarded the COSMOS + TAXIS Ulysses Medal by University College Dublin Studies in Emergent Order and Organization Photo by Jason Clarke VOLUME 8 | ISSUE 4 + 5 2020 http: www.jasonclarkephotography.ie PHILOSOPHY, THE WORLD, LIFE AND EDITORIAL BOARDS THE LAW: IN HONOUR OF SUSAN HAACK HONORARY FOUNDING EDITORS EDITORS Joaquin Fuster David Emanuel Andersson* PART I University of California, Los Angeles (editor-in-chief) David F. Hardwick* National Sun Yat-sen University, The University of British Columbia Taiwan Lawrence Wai-Chung Lai William Butos University of Hong Kong (deputy editor) Foreword: “An Immense and Enduring Contribution” .............1 Trinity College Russell Brown Frederick Turner University of Texas at Dallas Laurent Dobuzinskis* Editor’s Preface ............................................2 (deputy editor) Simon Fraser University Mark Migotti Giovanni B. Grandi From There to Here: Fifty-Plus Years of Philosophy (deputy editor) with Susan Haack . 4 The University of British Columbia Mark Migotti Leslie Marsh* (managing editor) The University of British Columbia PHILOSOPHY AND HOW WE GO ABOUT IT Nathan Robert Cockram (assistant managing editor) Susan Haack’s Pragmatism as a The University of British Columbia Multi-faceted Philosophy ...................................38 Jaime Nubiola CONSULTING EDITORS Metaphysics, Religion, and Death Corey Abel Peter G. Klein or We’ll Always Have Paris ..................................48 Denver Baylor University Rosa Maria Mayorga Thierry Aimar Paul Lewis Naturalism, Innocent Realism and Haack’s Sciences Po Paris King’s College London subtle art of balancing Philosophy ...........................60 Nurit Alfasi Ted G. -
Problems for Infinitism Keith Wynroe University of Cambridge
Res Cogitans Volume 5 | Issue 1 Article 3 6-4-2014 Problems for Infinitism Keith Wynroe University of Cambridge Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.pacificu.edu/rescogitans Part of the Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation Wynroe, Keith (2014) "Problems for Infinitism," Res Cogitans: Vol. 5: Iss. 1, Article 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.7710/2155-4838.1095 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by CommonKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Res Cogitans by an authorized administrator of CommonKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Res Cogitans (2014) 5:10-15 2155-4838 | commons.pacificu.edu/rescogitans Problems for Infinitism Keith Wynroe University of Cambridge Published online: 4 June 2014 © Keith Wynroe 2014 Abstract Infinitism in epistemic justification is the thesis that the structure of justification consists in infinite, non- repeating series. Although superficially an implausible position, it is capable of presenting strong arguments in its favour, and has been growing in popularity. After briefly introducing the concept and the motivations for it, I will present a common objection (the finite minds problem) as well as a powerful reply which couches Infinitism in dispositional terms. I will then attempt to undermine this counter- objection by drawing parallels between it and the problems raised against semantic dispositionalism by Kripke’s exegesis of Wittgenstein’s private language argument. I One of the most obvious responses to infinitism is the finite minds objection. The objection itself if extremely simple, but its ramifications are rather complex. Given the assumption that we are in fact finite creatures (with finite minds), and given that propositional justification consists in infinite non-repeating chains, it follows that we can never have doxastic justification for any proposition whatsoever. -
Having Hands, Even in the Vat: What the Semantic Argument Really Shows About Skepticism by Samuel R Burns
Having Hands, Even in the Vat: What the Semantic Argument Really Shows about Skepticism by Samuel R Burns A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors Department of Philosophy in The University of Michigan 2010 Advisors: Professor Gordon Belot Assistant Professor David Baker ”With relief, with humiliation, with terror, he understood that he also was an illusion, that someone else was dreaming him.” Jorge Luis Borges, “The Circular Ruins” “With your feet in the air and your head on the ground/Try this trick and spin it/ Your head will collapse/But there’s nothing in it/And you’ll ask yourself: ‘Where is my mind?’” The Pixies © Samuel R Burns 2010 To Nami ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................iv 1. The Foundation ............................................................................................1 1.1. The Causal Theory of Reference ........................................................................4 1.2. Semantic Externalism ........................................................................................11 2. The Semantic Argument ...........................................................................16 2.1. Putnam’s Argument ...........................................................................................16 2.2. The Disquotation Principle ..............................................................................19 -
HISTORIA SCEPTYCYZMU Monografie Fundacji Na Rzecz Nauki Polskiej
HISTORIA SCEPTYCYZMU monografie fundacji na rzecz nauki polskiej rada wydawnicza prof. Tomasz Kizwalter, prof. Janusz Sławiński, prof. Antoni Ziemba, prof. Marek Ziółkowski, prof. Szymon Wróbel fundacja na rzecz nauki polskiej Renata Ziemińska HISTORIA SCEPTYCYZMU W POSZUKIWANIU SPÓJNOŚCI toruń 2013 Wydanie książki subwencjonowane przez Fundację na rzecz Nauki Polskiej w ramach programu Monografie FNP Redaktor tomu Anna Mądry Korekty Ewelina Gajewska Projekt okładki i obwoluty Barbara Kaczmarek Printed in Poland © Copyright by Renata Ziemińska and Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika Toruń 2013 ISBN 978-83-231-2949-3 WYDAWNICTWO NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU MIKOŁAJA KOPERNIKA Redakcja: ul. Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń tel. +48 56 611 42 95, fax +48 56 611 47 05 e-mail: [email protected] Dystrybucja: ul. Reja 25, 87-100 Toruń tel./fax: +48 56 611 42 38, e-mail: [email protected] www.wydawnictwoumk.pl Wydanie pierwsze Druk i oprawa: Abedik Sp. z o.o. ul. Glinki 84, 85-861 Bydgoszcz Spis treści wstęp ......................................................................................................... 9 część i. pojęcie i rodzaje sceptycyzmu rozdział 1. genealogia terminu „sceptycyzm” ........................... 15 rozdział 2. ewolucja pojęcia sceptycyzmu .................................. 21 Starożytny sceptycyzm jako zawieszenie sądów pretendujących do prawdy .......................................................................................... 21 Średniowieczny sceptycyzm jako uznanie słabości ludzkich sądów wobec Bożej wszechmocy -
Models, Brains, and Scientific Realism
PENULTIMATE DRAFT – PLEASE CITE THE PUBLISHED VERSION To appear in: Model Based Reasoning in Science and Technology. Logical, Epistemological, and Cognitive Issues, Magnani, L., Casadio, C. (eds.), Springer. Models, Brains, and Scientific Realism Fabio Sterpetti Sapienza University of Rome. Department of Philosophy [email protected] Abstract. Prediction Error Minimization theory (PEM) is one of the most promising attempts to model perception in current science of mind, and it has recently been advocated by some prominent philosophers as Andy Clark and Jakob Hohwy. Briefly, PEM maintains that “the brain is an organ that on aver- age and over time continually minimizes the error between the sensory input it predicts on the basis of its model of the world and the actual sensory input” (Hohwy 2014, p. 2). An interesting debate has arisen with regard to which is the more adequate epistemological interpretation of PEM. Indeed, Hohwy main- tains that given that PEM supports an inferential view of perception and cogni- tion, PEM has to be considered as conveying an internalist epistemological per- spective. Contrary to this view, Clark maintains that it would be incorrect to in- terpret in such a way the indirectness of the link between the world and our in- ner model of it, and that PEM may well be combined with an externalist epis- temological perspective. The aim of this paper is to assess those two opposite interpretations of PEM. Moreover, it will be suggested that Hohwy’s position may be considerably strengthened by adopting Carlo Cellucci’s view on knowledge (2013). Keywords: Prediction error minimization; Scientific realism; Analytic method; Perception; Epistemology; Knowledge; Infinitism; Naturalism; Heuristic view. -
A Critical Examination of Bonjour's, Haack's, And
A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF BONJOUR’S, HAACK’S, AND DANCY’S THEORY OF EMPIRICAL JUSTIFICATION Dionysis CHRISTIAS ABSTRACT: In this paper, we shall describe and critically evaluate four contemporary theories which attempt to solve the problem of the infinite regress of reasons: BonJour's ‘impure’ coherentism, BonJour's foundationalism, Haack's ‘foundherentism’ and Dancy's pure coherentism. These theories are initially put forward as theories about the justification of our empirical beliefs; however, in fact they also attempt to provide a successful response to the question of their own ‘metajustification.’ Yet, it will be argued that 1) none of the examined theories is successful as a theory of justification of our empirical beliefs, and that 2) they also fall short of being adequate theories of metajustification. It will be further suggested that the failure of these views on justification is not coincidental, but is actually a consequence of deeper and tacitly held problematic epistemological assumptions (namely, the requirements of justificatory generality and epistemic priority), whose acceptance paves the way towards a generalized scepticism about empirical justification. KEYWORDS: Laurence BonJour, Susan Haack, Jonathan Dancy, empirical justification, epistemic priority requirement, justificatory generality requirement, scepticism 1. Introduction Most of our empirical beliefs seem at first sight perfectly justified. For example, ordinary observational beliefs (of the form “the table on which I’m writing is red” or “the chair on which I’m sitting is blue”), mnemonic beliefs (“I was watching television in the morning”), testimony beliefs (“the first world war begun in 1914”) and even non-observational, scientific beliefs (“protons consist of quarks”) seem to be paradigms of justified empirical beliefs. -
Epistemology Reading List
Epistemology Reading List I. Books Majors and Minors Read: 1. Lehrer, Theory of Knouledge z. Pollock, Contemporary Theories of Knouledge Majors Only Read: 3. Harman,Thought 4. Foley, Theory of Epistemic Rationality II. Articles Starced readings arefor majors and minors, unst{trred readings in this section 'arefor majors only. Overview *Pryor, J. zoor. "Highlights of Recent Epistemology," British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science, 52:95-124 Justification *Alston, William P. 1985. "Concepts of Epistemic Justification," Monist 68 "Goldman, Alvin. tg79."What is Justified Belief?" In Justification and Knowledge, ed. G.S. Pappas, 1-23. Dordrecht: D. Reidel. Steup, M. r988."The Deontic Conception of Epistemic Justification," Philosophical Studies S3: 65-84. Feldman & Conee. 198b. "Evidentialism," Philosophical Studies 48: t5-34. Foundationalisrn & Coherentism BonJour, L. t978. "Can Empirical Knowledge Have a Foundation?" American Philosophical Quarterly , 1b . 1: 1- 13 . " BonJour , L. tggg . "The Dialectic of Foundationalism and Coherentism, " in Blacktuell Guide to Epistemology, ed. Greco & Sosa, 117-742. * Klein, P. zoo4. "Infinitism is the Solution to the Regress Problem," in ContempororA Debates in Epistemology, ed. Sosa, E. and Steup, M. Blackwell. (Ian Euans hcs written a long expositional paper on Klein's uiews, so contact him if you'd like a copy.) Epistemic Circularity "Van Cleve, James. rg7g. "Foundationalism, Epistemic Principles, and the Cartesian Circle," Philosophical Reuietu 8B : 55-9r. Knowledge & Warrant "Gettier, E. 1963. "Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?" Analysis 2J: r2r-123. Goldman, A. t967. "Causal Theory of Knowledge," Journal of Philosophy 64: 357-372. "Lehrer & Paxson. 1969. "Knowledge: Undefeated, Justified, True Belief," Journal of Philosophy, 66: 225-257. -
Bibliography
Bibliography Achinstein, P. (2001). The Book of Evidence, Oxford University Press. Alston, W. (1980). Level-confusions in epistemology, Midwest Studies in Philoso- phy 5(1): 135–150. Alston, W. (1983). What’s wrong with immediate knowledge? Synthese 55 (73–95). Alston, W. (1986). Epistemic circularity, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 47: 1–30. Alston, W. (1993). The Reliability of Sense Perception, Cornell University Press. Baker, A. (2011). Simplicity, in E. N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, summer 2011 edn. Beebe, J. (2008). Bonjour’s arguments against skepticism about the a priori, Philosophical Studies 137: 243–267. Beebe, J. (2011). A priori skepticism, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 83(3): 583–602. Bergmann, M. (2004a). Epistemic circularity: malignant and benign, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 69(3): 709–727. Bergmann, M. (2004b). What’s not wrong with foundationalism, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 68: 161–165. Bergmann, M. (2006a). Bonjour’s dilemma, Philosophical Studies 131: 679–693. Bergmann, M. (2006b). Justification without Awareness, Oxford University Press. Boghossian, P. (2001). Inference and insight, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 63(3): 633–640. BonJour, L. (1978). Can empirical knowledge have a foundation? American Philosophical Quarterly 15(1): 1–13. BonJour, L. (1985). The Structure of Empirical Knowledge, Harvard University Press. BonJour, L. (1997). Haack on experience and justification, Synthese 112: 13–23. BonJour, L. (1998). InDefenseofPureReason, Cambridge University Press. BonJour, L. (1999). Foundationalism and the external world, Philosophical Perspectives 13: 229–249. BonJour, L. (2000). Critical study of Evan Fales, A Defense of the Given, Nous 43(3): 468–480. BonJour, L. (2001a). Precis of in defense of pure reason, Philosophy and Phe- nomenological Research 63(3): 625–631. -
Epistemology in the Churches of Christ: an Analysis and Critique of Thomas B
Abilene Christian University Digital Commons @ ACU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Electronic Theses and Dissertations Summer 7-2016 Epistemology in the Churches of Christ: An Analysis and Critique of Thomas B. Warren Derek Estes Abilene Christian University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.acu.edu/etd Part of the Epistemology Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Estes, Derek, "Epistemology in the Churches of Christ: An Analysis and Critique of Thomas B. Warren" (2016). Digital Commons @ ACU, Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 42. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at Digital Commons @ ACU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ ACU. ABSTRACT This thesis seeks to understand at least one prevalent religious epistemology in the Churches of Christ by exploring the work of Thomas B. Warren. To accomplish this goal, I first offer a descriptive analysis of Warren’s theory of knowledge followed by an assessment of its strong and weak points. Ultimately finding his epistemology unsatisfying, I conclude the thesis by highlighting recent developments in religious epistemology that might point the way forward in accounting for knowledge of God in a theologically and philosophically robust way. Epistemology in the Churches of Christ: An Analysis and Critique of Thomas B. Warren A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School of Theology Abilene Christian University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements of the Degree Master of Arts In Theology By Derek Estes July 2016 To my dad, who exemplifies diligent and disciplined work satisfied with nothing short of excellence.