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Country Advice India India – IND37621 – Punjab – Gurdaspur – Country Advice India India – IND37621 – Punjab – Gurdaspur – Christians – Hindu extremists – Gospel for Asia – Rhema Church of India – Communal violence – State protection – Internal relocation – Indians in Singapore 3 November 2010 1. Deleted. 2. Please provide information about the Gospel Church of Asia in the area of Gurdaspur, such as any known information about the number of churches and names of any pastors etc. A Christian organisation called Gospel for Asia works in most Indian states, including Punjab.1 Gospel for Asia was founded by Indian-born Dr. K.P. Yohannan in 1979. Since then, it “has become an effective mission movement with several thousand workers in 11 Asia [sic] nations”.2 It is unclear whether Gospel for Asia is present in Gurdaspur specifically. No specific information was found regarding Gospel for Asia‟s churches or church leaders in Gurdaspur. A 2008 article in The Tribune named a number of Christian leaders from Gurdaspur and Amritsar districts who addressed a protest rally against attacks on Christians by Hindu fundamentalists. However, it is unclear if any of these leaders are from Gospel for Asia.3 3. What is the current situation for Christians in Gurdaspur particularly and the Punjab more generally? There is some conflicting information about the size of the Christian population in Gurdaspur and Punjab. In March 2010, the All India Christian Council (AICC) estimated Punjab‟s Christian population to be approximately 300,000, which constitutes 1.2 percent 1 „Where We Work: Country and State Profiles‟ (undated), Gospel for Asia website http://www.gfa.org/countryprofiles/ – Accessed 26 October 2010 – Attachment 6 2 „About K.P. Yohannan‟ (undated), Gospel for Asia website http://www.gfa.org/about/aboutkp/ – Accessed 26 October 2010 – Attachment 7 3 „Christians hold protest march‟ 2008, The Tribune, 7 September http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080907/punjab1.htm#12 – Accessed 6 March 2009 – Attachment 8 Page 1 of 13 of the state‟s population. The AICC reports that Christians are predominantly located in villages in western Punjab, and in Amritsar, a district bordering Gurdaspur (see Map 2).4 Map 2: Gurdaspur district within Punjab Thaindian News reported in May 2009 that there are 150,000 Christian constituents in the Lok Sabha (lower house) seat of Gurdaspur, which is known for its “sizeable Christian population”. In the same article, Kanwal Bakshi, state president of Punjab‟s United Christian Front (UCF) stated that “[i]n Punjab, there are around 900,000 Christian voters and the largest chunk, 17 percent, reside in Gurdaspur district. Here their number is over 150,000. After Gurdaspur, maximum Christian voters are in Amritsar, Ferozepur and Ludhiana districts”.5 In February 2010, Father Michael Anikuzhikattil, parish priest of Gurdaspur, stated that Christians “form 25 percent of the district‟s population”.6 4 All India Christian Council 2010, „Report of the All India Christian Council Fact Finding Team On Incidents in Batala and Other Areas of Punjab 18-21 February 2010‟, All India Christian Council website, 2 March http://indianchristians.in/news/images/resources/pdf/aicc%20FFT%20report%20on%20Feb%202010%20Punjab %20-%20executive%20summary.pdf – Accessed 26 October 2010 – Attachment 9 5 Sharma, A. 2009, „A Punjab seat where Christians are important‟, Thaindian News, 9 May http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/a-punjab-seat-where-christians-are-important_100190156.html – Accessed 27 October 2010 – Attachment 10 6 „Jesus caricature outrages Christians‟ 2010, Union of Catholic Asian News website, 22 February http://www.ucanews.com/2010/02/22/jesus-caricature-outrages-christians-in-punjab/ – Accessed 26 October 2010 – Attachment 11 Page 2 of 13 Treatment of Christians in Gurdaspur A July 2010 article on the Church News Site website reports the detention of 12 Christians in Gurdaspur “after Hindu extremists allegedly from the Bajrang Dal filed a complaint against them of forceful conversion”. The Hindu extremists were reportedly opposed to the Christians visiting people in their homes. They verbally and physically abused the Christians before taking them to the police station, where they “pressured the police to file a case against [them]”. The Christians were released without charge following demands from Christian leaders.7 Prior to the 2009 Lok Sabha elections, Thaindian News reported that the seat of Gurdaspur, then held by Vinod Khanna of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), was “known for being one of the most backward constituencies in Punjab”. In discussing the demands of the Christian community leading up to the elections, Kanwal Bakshi of Punjab‟s UCF highlighted the BJP‟s anti-Christian policies and called for reservation in state government jobs for Christians. Partap Singh Bajwa, Indian National Congress (INC) candidate for the Gurdaspur seat stated that he supports these demands. Bajwa further stated that the situation for Punjabi Christians “is really bad and they are forced to suffer as there are no schemes for their upliftment”.8 In the 2009 Lok Sabha elections, Bajwa defeated Vinod Khanna by 8342 votes.9 In 2008, Partap Singh Bajwa called for a ban on Hindu extremist groups Bajrang Dal and Vishaw Hindu Parishad (VHP) for the recent anti-Christian attacks in the state of Orissa. Christians in Gurdaspur held silent protests following the attacks. Bajwa also reported that a Christian family in Gurdaspur was prevented from burying deceased relatives by Bajrang Dal and the VHP, and was only allowed to do so after intervention by the local court.10 Further, more dated sources relating to the treatment of Christians by Hindu extremist groups in Gurdaspur are referred to in RRT Research Response IND34497 of 10 March 2009.11 Treatment of Christians in Punjab In March 2010, the AICC reported “widespread discrimination against Punjab‟s Christian minority”. At a National Integration Council meeting in October 2008, AICC Secretary- General and council member, Dr. John Dayal, briefed Punjab “Chief Minister Sardar 7 „Christians attacked in Punjab, Arrested in MP & Order to quit in JK‟ 2010, Church News Site website, 20 July http://www.churchnewssite.com/portal/?p=23095 – Accessed 27 October 2010 – Attachment 12 8 Sharma, A. 2009, „A Punjab seat where Christians are important‟, Thaindian News, 9 May http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/a-punjab-seat-where-christians-are-important_100190156.html – Accessed 27 October 2010 – Attachment 10 9 „Punjab Lok Sabha Constituency Elections Results 2009 Gurdaspur‟ 2009, India Elections website http://www.indiaelections.co.in/lok-sabha-constituencies/punjab/gurdaspur/ – Accessed 29 October 2010 – Attachment 13 10 „Ban organizations behind violence in Orissa‟ 2008, Times of India, 4 September http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Chandigarh/Ban_organizations_behind_violence_in_Orissa_/articleshow/344 2274.cms – Accessed 6 March 2009 – Attachment 14 11 RRT Research & Information 2009, Research Response IND34497, 10 March – Attachment 15 Page 3 of 13 Prakash Singh Badal on the tension brewing in [western Punjab], where [Christians] are suffering from caste oppression and attacks on their freedom of faith”.12 The AICC reports that in Punjab, requests for permission to hold church meetings are routinely denied, and Christians are often described in derogatory caste terms. In addition, Christians are significantly underrepresented in the Punjab government. The few Christian leaders in the Akali Dal, BJP, and INC parties “have little connection with the masses living in villages, slums and poorly constructed ghettos outside some villages”. The majority of Christians in Punjab are Dalits („untouchables‟) and, as such, experience both class and caste barriers in many villages. Nevertheless, some Christians “have risen to high positions in academics, the military, and the Church”.13 A September 2008 article on the AICC website states that prior to the formation of the Akali Dal and BJP coalition government in Punjab, Hindu fundamentalist groups “would either attack Christians directly or use the media to accuse the Christians of [c]onversion”. More recently, members of BJP, Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), Bajrang Dal, Shiv Sena and VHP “have started using some of the members of the Sikh Community against Christians”. In one incident, three Christians were arrested “on charges of burning the Sikh Holy Scriptures” and detained for five days before being bailed. A court case has been registered against them. A Christian convert was arrested on the same charges, without evidence, and was later released on bail. In addition, a group of pastors from various districts submitted a report to police describing “cases of Christians being falsely implicated”.14 A list of attacks on Christians in 2008 prepared by the Global Council of Indian Christians (GCIC) reported only one attack in Punjab. No further details about this attack are provided.15 A December 2008 article on the AICC website reported that members of Bajrang Dal had falsely accused a group of Bible College students of forcibly converting Hindus to Christianity. The Bajrang Dal members assaulted the students in Sangur, Punjab while they were distributing Bible literature, before taking them to Sangur police station. The students were released after the AICC intervened. The police reportedly “warned Bajrang Dal members not to bring false allegations”.16 Additionally, following anti-Christian violence in Orissa and Karnataka states in 2008, speakers at Christian protest rallies in other states indicated
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