Automatic Generation of a Realistic Looking Single Image Stereogram Using Stereo Vision
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Stereoscopic Vision, Stereoscope, Selection of Stereo Pair and Its Orientation
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Impact Factor (2012): 3.358 Stereoscopic Vision, Stereoscope, Selection of Stereo Pair and Its Orientation Sunita Devi Research Associate, Haryana Space Application Centre (HARSAC), Department of Science & Technology, Government of Haryana, CCS HAU Campus, Hisar – 125 004, India , Abstract: Stereoscope is to deflect normally converging lines of sight, so that each eye views a different image. For deriving maximum benefit from photographs they are normally studied stereoscopically. Instruments in use today for three dimensional studies of aerial photographs. If instead of looking at the original scene, we observe photos of that scene taken from two different viewpoints, we can under suitable conditions, obtain a three dimensional impression from the two dimensional photos. This impression may be very similar to the impression given by the original scene, but in practice this is rarely so. A pair of photograph taken from two cameras station but covering some common area constitutes and stereoscopic pair which when viewed in a certain manner gives an impression as if a three dimensional model of the common area is being seen. Keywords: Remote Sensing (RS), Aerial Photograph, Pocket or Lens Stereoscope, Mirror Stereoscope. Stereopair, Stere. pair’s orientation 1. Introduction characteristics. Two eyes must see two images, which are only slightly different in angle of view, orientation, colour, A stereoscope is a device for viewing a stereoscopic pair of brightness, shape and size. (Figure: 1) Human eyes, fixed on separate images, depicting left-eye and right-eye views of same object provide two points of observation which are the same scene, as a single three-dimensional image. -
Interacting with Autostereograms
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336204498 Interacting with Autostereograms Conference Paper · October 2019 DOI: 10.1145/3338286.3340141 CITATIONS READS 0 39 5 authors, including: William Delamare Pourang Irani Kochi University of Technology University of Manitoba 14 PUBLICATIONS 55 CITATIONS 184 PUBLICATIONS 2,641 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Xiangshi Ren Kochi University of Technology 182 PUBLICATIONS 1,280 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Color Perception in Augmented Reality HMDs View project Collaboration Meets Interactive Spaces: A Springer Book View project All content following this page was uploaded by William Delamare on 21 October 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Interacting with Autostereograms William Delamare∗ Junhyeok Kim Kochi University of Technology University of Waterloo Kochi, Japan Ontario, Canada University of Manitoba University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Canada Winnipeg, Canada [email protected] [email protected] Daichi Harada Pourang Irani Xiangshi Ren Kochi University of Technology University of Manitoba Kochi University of Technology Kochi, Japan Winnipeg, Canada Kochi, Japan [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Figure 1: Illustrative examples using autostereograms. a) Password input. b) Wearable e-mail notification. c) Private space in collaborative conditions. d) 3D video game. e) Bar gamified special menu. Black elements represent the hidden 3D scene content. ABSTRACT practice. This learning effect transfers across display devices Autostereograms are 2D images that can reveal 3D content (smartphone to desktop screen). when viewed with a specific eye convergence, without using CCS CONCEPTS extra-apparatus. -
Stereoscopic Label Placement
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology Dissertations, No. 1293 Stereoscopic Label Placement Reducing Distraction and Ambiguity in Visually Cluttered Displays Stephen Daniel Peterson Department of Science and Technology Linköping University SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden Norrköping, 2009 Stereoscopic Label Placement: Reducing Distraction and Ambiguity in Visually Cluttered Displays Copyright © 2009 Stephen D. Peterson [email protected] Division of Visual Information Technology and Applications (VITA) Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden ISBN 978-91-7393-469-5 ISSN 0345-7524 This thesis is available online through Linköping University Electronic Press: www.ep.liu.se Printed by LiU-Tryck, Linköping, Sweden 2009 Abstract With increasing information density and complexity, computer displays may become visually cluttered, adversely affecting overall usability. Text labels can significantly add to visual clutter in graphical user interfaces, but are generally kept legible through specific label placement algorithms that seek visual separation of labels and other ob- jects in the 2D view plane. This work studies an alternative approach: can overlap- ping labels be visually segregated by distributing them in stereoscopic depth? The fact that we have two forward-looking eyes yields stereoscopic disparity: each eye has a slightly different perspective on objects in the visual field. Disparity is used for depth perception by the human visual system, and is therefore also provided by stereoscopic 3D displays to produce a sense of depth. This work has shown that a stereoscopic label placement algorithm yields user per- formance comparable with existing algorithms that separate labels in the view plane. At the same time, such stereoscopic label placement is subjectively rated significantly less disturbing than traditional methods. -
Algorithms for Single Image Random Dot Stereograms
Displaying 3D Images: Algorithms for Single Image Random Dot Stereograms Harold W. Thimbleby,† Stuart Inglis,‡ and Ian H. Witten§* Abstract This paper describes how to generate a single image which, when viewed in the appropriate way, appears to the brain as a 3D scene. The image is a stereogram composed of seemingly random dots. A new, simple and symmetric algorithm for generating such images from a solid model is given, along with the design parameters and their influence on the display. The algorithm improves on previously-described ones in several ways: it is symmetric and hence free from directional (right-to-left or left-to-right) bias, it corrects a slight distortion in the rendering of depth, it removes hidden parts of surfaces, and it also eliminates a type of artifact that we call an “echo”. Random dot stereograms have one remaining problem: difficulty of initial viewing. If a computer screen rather than paper is used for output, the problem can be ameliorated by shimmering, or time-multiplexing of pixel values. We also describe a simple computational technique for determining what is present in a stereogram so that, if viewing is difficult, one can ascertain what to look for. Keywords: Single image random dot stereograms, SIRDS, autostereograms, stereoscopic pictures, optical illusions † Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland. Phone (+44) 786–467679; fax 786–467641; email [email protected] ‡ Department of Computer Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand. Phone (+64 7) 856–2889; fax 838–4155; email [email protected]. § Department of Computer Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand. -
Visual Secret Sharing Scheme with Autostereogram*
Visual Secret Sharing Scheme with Autostereogram* Feng Yi, Daoshun Wang** and Yiqi Dai Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China Abstract. Visual secret sharing scheme (VSSS) is a secret sharing method which decodes the secret by using the contrast ability of the human visual system. Autostereogram is a single two dimensional (2D) image which becomes a virtual three dimensional (3D) image when viewed with proper eye convergence or divergence. Combing the two technologies via human vision, this paper presents a new visual secret sharing scheme called (k, n)-VSSS with autostereogram. In the scheme, each of the shares is an autostereogram. Stacking any k shares, the secret image is recovered visually without any equipment, but no secret information is obtained with less than k shares. Keywords: visual secret sharing scheme; visual cryptography; autostereogram 1. Introduction In 1979, Blakely and Shamir[1-2] independently invented a secret sharing scheme to construct robust key management scheme. A secret sharing scheme is a method of sharing a secret among a group of participants. In 1994, Naor and Shamir[3] firstly introduced visual secret sharing * Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90304014) ** E-mail address: [email protected] (D.S.Wang) 1 scheme in Eurocrypt’94’’ and constructed (k, n)-threshold visual secret sharing scheme which conceals the original data in n images called shares. The original data can be recovered from the overlap of any at least k shares through the human vision without any knowledge of cryptography or cryptographic computations. With the development of the field, Droste[4] provided a new (k, n)-VSSS algorithm and introduced a model to construct the (n, n)-combinational threshold scheme. -
Multi-Perspective Stereoscopy from Light Fields
Multi-Perspective stereoscopy from light fields The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Changil Kim, Alexander Hornung, Simon Heinzle, Wojciech Matusik, and Markus Gross. 2011. Multi-perspective stereoscopy from light fields. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 6, Article 190 (December 2011), 10 pages. As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2070781.2024224 Publisher Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Version Author's final manuscript Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73503 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Multi-Perspective Stereoscopy from Light Fields Changil Kim1,2 Alexander Hornung2 Simon Heinzle2 Wojciech Matusik2,3 Markus Gross1,2 1ETH Zurich 2Disney Research Zurich 3MIT CSAIL v u s c Disney Enterprises, Inc. Input Images 3D Light Field Multi-perspective Cuts Stereoscopic Output Figure 1: We propose a framework for flexible stereoscopic disparity manipulation and content post-production. Our method computes multi-perspective stereoscopic output images from a 3D light field that satisfy arbitrary prescribed disparity constraints. We achieve this by computing piecewise continuous cuts (shown in red) through the light field that enable per-pixel disparity control. In this particular example we employed gradient domain processing to emphasize the depth of the airplane while suppressing disparities in the rest of the scene. Abstract tions of autostereoscopic and multi-view autostereoscopic displays even glasses-free solutions become available to the consumer. This paper addresses stereoscopic view generation from a light field. We present a framework that allows for the generation However, the task of creating convincing yet perceptually pleasing of stereoscopic image pairs with per-pixel control over disparity, stereoscopic content remains difficult. -
STAR 1200 & 1200XL User Guide
STAR 1200 & 1200XL Augmented Reality Systems User Guide VUZIX CORPORATION VUZIX CORPORATION STAR 1200 & 1200XL – User Guide © 2012 Vuzix Corporation 2166 Brighton Henrietta Town Line Road Rochester, New York 14623 Phone: 585.359.5900 ! Fax: 585.359.4172 www.vuzix.com 2 1. STAR 1200 & 1200XL OVERVIEW ................................... 7! System Requirements & Compatibility .................................. 7! 2. INSTALLATION & SETUP .................................................. 14! Step 1: Accessory Installation .................................... 14! Step 2: Hardware Connections .................................. 15! Step 3: Adjustment ..................................................... 19! Step 4: Software Installation ...................................... 21! Step 5: Tracker Calibration ........................................ 24! 3. CONTROL BUTTON & ON SCREEN DISPLAY ..................... 27! VGA Controller .................................................................... 27! PowerPak+ Controller ......................................................... 29! OSD Display Options ........................................................... 30! 4. STAR HARDWARE ......................................................... 34! STAR Display ...................................................................... 34! Nose Bridge ......................................................................... 36! Focus Adjustment ................................................................ 37! Eye Separation ................................................................... -
A Novel Walk-Through 3D Display
A Novel Walk-through 3D Display Stephen DiVerdia, Ismo Rakkolainena & b, Tobias Höllerera, Alex Olwala & c a University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA b FogScreen Inc., Tekniikantie 12, 02150 Espoo, Finland c Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden ABSTRACT We present a novel walk-through 3D display based on the patented FogScreen, an “immaterial” indoor 2D projection screen, which enables high-quality projected images in free space. We extend the basic 2D FogScreen setup in three ma- jor ways. First, we use head tracking to provide correct perspective rendering for a single user. Second, we add support for multiple types of stereoscopic imagery. Third, we present the front and back views of the graphics content on the two sides of the FogScreen, so that the viewer can cross the screen to see the content from the back. The result is a wall- sized, immaterial display that creates an engaging 3D visual. Keywords: Fog screen, display technology, walk-through, two-sided, 3D, stereoscopic, volumetric, tracking 1. INTRODUCTION Stereoscopic images have captivated a wide scientific, media and public interest for well over 100 years. The principle of stereoscopic images was invented by Wheatstone in 1838 [1]. The general public has been excited about 3D imagery since the 19th century – 3D movies and View-Master images in the 1950's, holograms in the 1960's, and 3D computer graphics and virtual reality today. Science fiction movies and books have also featured many 3D displays, including the popular Star Wars and Star Trek series. In addition to entertainment opportunities, 3D displays also have numerous ap- plications in scientific visualization, medical imaging, and telepresence. -
Investigating Intermittent Stereoscopy: Its Effects on Perception and Visual Fatigue
©2016 Society for Imaging Science and Technology DOI: 10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2016.5.SDA-041 INVESTIGATING INTERMITTENT STEREOSCOPY: ITS EFFECTS ON PERCEPTION AND VISUAL FATIGUE Ari A. Bouaniche, Laure Leroy; Laboratoire Paragraphe, Université Paris 8; Saint-Denis; France Abstract distance in virtual environments does not clearly indicate that the In a context in which virtual reality making use of S3D is use of binocular disparity yields a better performance, and a ubiquitous in certain industries, as well as the substantial amount cursory look at the literature concerning the viewing of of literature about the visual fatigue S3D causes, we wondered stereoscopic 3D (henceforth abbreviated S3D) content leaves little whether the presentation of intermittent S3D stimuli would lead to doubt as to some negative consequences on the visual system, at improved depth perception (over monoscopic) while reducing least for a certain part of the population. subjects’ visual asthenopia. In a between-subjects design, 60 While we do not question the utility of S3D and its use in individuals under 40 years old were tested in four different immersive environments in this paper, we aim to position conditions, with head-tracking enabled: two intermittent S3D ourselves from the point of view of user safety: if, for example, the conditions (Stereo @ beginning, Stereo @ end) and two control use of S3D is a given in a company setting, can an implementation conditions (Mono, Stereo). Several optometric variables were of intermittent horizontal disparities aid in depth perception (and measured pre- and post-experiment, and a subjective questionnaire therefore in task completion) while impacting the visual system assessing discomfort was administered. -
THE INFLUENCES of STEREOSCOPY on VISUAL ARTS Its History, Technique and Presence in the Artistic World
University of Art and Design Cluj-Napoca PhD THESIS SUMMARY THE INFLUENCES OF STEREOSCOPY ON VISUAL ARTS Its history, technique and presence in the artistic world PhD Student: Scientific coordinator: Nyiri Dalma Dorottya Prof. Univ. Dr. Ioan Sbârciu Cluj-Napoca 2019 1 CONTENTS General introduction ........................................................................................................................3 Chapter 1: HISTORY OF STEREOSCOPY ..............................................................................4 1.1 The theories of Euclid and the experiments of Baptista Porta .........................................5 1.2 Leonardo da Vinci and Francois Aguillon (Aguilonius) .................................................8 1.3 The Inventions of Sir Charles Wheatstone and Elliot ...................................................18 1.4 Sir David Brewster's contributions to the perfection of the stereoscope .......................21 1.5 Oliver Wendell Holmes, the poet of stereoscopy ..........................................................23 1.6 Apex of stereoscopy .......................................................................................................26 1.7 Underwood & Keystone .................................................................................................29 1.8 Favorite topics in stereoscopy ........................................................................................32 1.8.1 Genre Scenes33 .........................................................................................................33 -
2018 First Call for Papers4 2013+First+Call+For+Papers+V4.Qxd
FIRST CALL FOR PAPERS Display Week 2018 Society for Information Display INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, SEMINAR & EXHIBITION May 20 – 25, 2018 LOS ANGELES CONVENTION CENTER LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, USA www.displayweek.org • Photoluminescence and Applications – Using quantum Special Topics for 2018 nanomaterials for color-conversion applications in display components and in pixel-integrated configurations. Optimizing performance and stability for integration on- The Display Week 2018 Technical Symposium will chip (inside LED package) and in remote phosphor be placing special emphasis on four Special Topics configurations for backlight units. of Interest to address the rapid growth of the field of • Micro Inorganic LEDs and Applications – Emerging information display in the following areas: Augmented technologies based on scaling down inorganic LEDs for Reality, Virtual Reality, and Artificial Intelligence; use as arrayed emitters in display applications, with Quantum Dots and Micro-LEDs; and Wearable opportunities from large video displays down to high Displays, Sensors, and Devices. Submissions relating resolution microdisplays. Science and technology of to these special topics are highly encouraged. micro LED devices, materials, and processes for the fabrication and integration with electronic drive back- 1. AUGMENTED REALITY, VIRTUAL REALITY, AND planes. Color generation, performance, and stability. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AR, VR, AND AI) Packaging and module assembly solutions for emerging This special topic will cover the technologies and -
Construction of Autostereograms Taking Into Account Object Colors and Its Applications for Steganography
Construction of Autostereograms Taking into Account Object Colors and its Applications for Steganography Yusuke Tsuda Yonghao Yue Tomoyuki Nishita The University of Tokyo ftsuday,yonghao,[email protected] Abstract Information on appearances of three-dimensional ob- jects are transmitted via the Internet, and displaying objects q plays an important role in a lot of areas such as movies and video games. An autostereogram is one of the ways to represent three- dimensional objects taking advantage of binocular paral- (a) SS-relation (b) OS-relation lax, by which depths of objects are perceived. In previous Figure 1. Relations on an autostereogram. methods, the colors of objects were ignored when construct- E and E indicate left and right eyes, re- ing autostereogram images. In this paper, we propose a L R spectively. (a): A pair of points on the screen method to construct autostereogram images taking into ac- and a single point on the object correspond count color variation of objects, such as shading. with each other. (b): A pair of points on the We also propose a technique to embed color informa- object and a single point on the screen cor- tion in autostereogram images. Using our technique, au- respond with each other. tostereogram images shown on a display change, and view- ers can enjoy perceiving three-dimensional object and its colors in two stages. Color information is embedded in we propose an approach to take into account color variation a monochrome autostereogram image, and colors appear of objects, such as shading. Our approach assign slightly when the correct color table is used.