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Contents. the Tragedy of Cleopatra by Samuel Daniel. Edited by Lucy Knight Editing a Renaissance Play Module Code: 14-7139-00S
Contents. The tragedy of Cleopatra By Samuel Daniel. Edited by Lucy Knight Editing a Renaissance Play Module Code: 14-7139-00S Submitted towards MA English Studies January 11th, 2011. 1 | P a g e The Tragedy of Cleopatra Front matter Aetas prima canat veneres, postrema tumultus.1 To the most noble Lady, the Lady Mary Countess of Pembroke.2 Behold the work which once thou didst impose3, Great sister of the Muses,4 glorious star5 Of female worth, who didst at first disclose Unto our times what noble powers there are In women’s hearts,6 and sent example far, 5 To call up others to like studious thoughts And me at first from out my low repose7 Didst raise to sing of state and tragic notes8, Whilst I contented with a humble song Made music to myself that pleased me best, 10 And only told of Delia9 and her wrong And praised her eyes, and plain’d10 mine own unrest, A text from whence [my]11 Muse had not digressed Had I not seen12 thy well graced Antony, Adorned by thy sweet style in our fair tongue 15 1 ‘Let first youth sing of Venus, last of civil strife’ (Propertius, 2.10.7). This quote is a reference to the Classical ‘Cursus,’ which state that you graduate from writing poetry to writing tragedy. Daniel is saying he wrote love poetry in his youth but now Mary Sidney has given him the courage to aspire to greater things, i.e. tragedy. 2 Mary Sidney. See Introduction, ‘Introductory dedication: Mary Sidney and family’. -
Judea/Israel Under the Greek Empires." Israel and Empire: a Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism
"Judea/Israel under the Greek Empires." Israel and Empire: A Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism. Perdue, Leo G., and Warren Carter.Baker, Coleman A., eds. London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015. 129–216. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 30 Sep. 2021. <http:// dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780567669797.ch-005>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 30 September 2021, 15:32 UTC. Copyright © Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker 2015. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 5 Judea/Israel under the Greek Empires* In 33130 BCE, by military victory, the Macedonian Alexander ended the Persian Empire. He defeated the Persian king Darius at Gaugamela, advanced to a welcoming Babylon, and progressed to Persepolis where he burned Xerxes palace supposedly in retaliation for Persias invasions of Greece some 150 years previously (Diodorus 17.72.1-6). Thus one empire gave way to another by a different name. So began the Greek empires that dominated Judea/Israel for the next two hundred or so years, the focus of this chapter. Is a postcolonial discussion of these empires possible and what might it highlight? Considerable dif�culties stand in the way. One is the weight of conventional analyses and disciplinary practices which have framed the discourse with emphases on the various roles of the great men, the ruling state, military battles, and Greek settlers, and have paid relatively little regard to the dynamics of imperial power from the perspectives of native inhabitants, the impact on peasants and land, and poverty among non-elites, let alone any reciprocal impact between colonizers and colon- ized. -
Making History Personal: Constantine Cavafy and the Rise of Rome
Frier, “Making History Personal,” page 1 Making History Personal: Constantine Cavafy and the Rise of Rome by Bruce W. Frier1 Toward the end of his life, Constantine Cavafy observed: “I have two capacities: to write Poetry or to write History. I haven’t written History, and it’s too late now. Now, you’ll say, how do I know that I could write History? I feel it.”2 How should one understand this remark? Did Cavafy ever actually regret a path not taken? Such a thought is, quite frankly, hard to credit. Still, a very large proportion of Cavafy’s surviving poems are set against an historical backdrop, above all the history of the ancient Greek diaspora: the numerous historic city-states of Greece, Magna Graecia, Asia Minor; the sophisti- cated metropoleis of Alexandria and Antioch, and the Levant; and the Hellenized kingdoms and provinces of a later age. Almost a sixth of his poems center on one particular epoch of their his- tory: the confrontation between the independent Hellenistic kingdoms and the rising might of the Roman Republic, a confrontation that began in earnest in 200 BCE with the outbreak of the Second Macedonian War and ended in 30 BCE with the annexation of Ptolemaic Egypt.3 The 45 or so poems in question were written across the entire span of Cavafy’s adulthood, from 1893 to 1932. This is a subject to which he often returned, one he constantly reworked and re-imagined, exploring diverse angles and unexpected points of approach. Substantial reading was involved: chiefly Polybius, Plutarch, and Cassius Dio among ancient authors, but also works of secondary 1 I am happy to acknowledge my deep obligation to many of my colleagues, first and foremost to the faculty of the Michigan Modern Greek program Vassilios Lambropoulos (who originally suggested this project) and Artemis Leontis; then also to my colleagues Traianos Gagos, Elaine Gazda, David Potter, and Ruth Scodel, and to Beau Case, our departmental Field Librarian, for his help in tracking down books. -
Prescribed Sources for Cleopatra: Rome and Egypt, 69–30 BC
Source Methods Aims Attitudes towards Cleopatra Plutarch Wasn't writing a full history of Wanted to provide Writings may well have events, instead he was moral lessons and been shaped by Roman creating character references examples for future propaganda and anti- through anecdotes and generations to live by. Cleopatra bias that was various stories. circulating after her defeat Some historians and death. Writing around 75AD. believe he had a habit of slightly altering He can be selective with Claimed that his grandfather stories to emphasise the anecdotes he picks, so had a friend who knew particular character as to emphasise the Cleopatra’s cook, and that he traits he wanted qualities in Cleopatra, that had access to the memoirs of people to pay he saw through biased Cleopatra’s physician, attention to. E.g. sources about her. Olympus. Anthony’s weakness. Has a tendency to talk Was willing to admit when he But it does seem negatively of women in is unsure of a source/ story. unlikely that Plutarch power. E.g. Alexander’s was looking to mother, Olympia! deliberately deceive his readers when writing such popular biographies. Cassius Dio Worked incredibly hard, and He wanted to cover No personal connection to the various jobs he had held the whole period of Cleopatra or her time. in the government gave him Roman history, in a opportunities to research comprehensive and But he did believe in the Roman history through official clear way. ultimate power of Rome records/information. and the importance of He wants to write Roman Dominance, so he He spent 10 yrs researching about larger aspects of would most likely have and 12 yrs writing. -
Plutarch: Life of Antonius
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Senior Thesis Projects, 2003-2006 College Scholars 2005 Plutarch: Life of Antonius Casey Mock Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_interstp3 Recommended Citation Mock, Casey, "Plutarch: Life of Antonius" (2005). Senior Thesis Projects, 2003-2006. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_interstp3/49 This Project is brought to you for free and open access by the College Scholars at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Thesis Projects, 2003-2006 by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FORMC COLLEGE SCHOLARS PROJECT APPROVAL Scholar Mentor COMMITIEE MEMBERS (Minimum 3 Required) Name PLEASE ATIACH A COPY OF THE SENIOR PROJECT TO THIS SHEET AND RETURN BOTH TO THE PROGRAM DIRECTOR. THIS PAGE SHOULD BE DATED AND COMPLETED ON THE DATE THAT YOUR DEFENSE IS HELD. / DATE COMPLETED _0-----1)_~--+-11{r----=D---., · J.L-'_ Plutarch's Life ofAntonius Translation and Commentary, C.A. Mock Life of Antonius Introduction Plutarch, Historiography, and the Lives From the fourteenth to the eighteenth century, L. Mestrius Plutarch attracted more readers than any other Greek author, and was the most influential author among those readers outside the circle of classical scholarship. The original French translation of his works by Amyot, later retranslated by North and Holland, was essential to the dissemination of his works; only this translation made it possible for Shakespeare to become familiar with the material necessary for his historical tragedies. Frederick the Great, Montaigne, Goethe, Rousseau, Benjamin Franklin, and En1erson all read Plutarch - not only for his Lives but also for his instruction in moral philosophy. -
Shakespeare and the Sixteenth Century Judgment of the Cleopatra
THE RICE INSTITUTE Shakespeare and the Sixteenth Century Judgment of the Cleopatra Story by Paiila Meredith Mosle A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS Houston, Texas February, 1959 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I: Introduction: The Critics' Estimate of Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra Page 1 CHAPTER II: The Cleopatra Story in Renaissance Histories and Belles Lettres Page 20 CHAPTER IH: A Re-Evaluation of Antony and Cleopatra Page 69 CHAPTER IV: Conclusion Page 102 BIBLIOGRAPHY Page 107 CHAPTER I Introduction: The Critics' Estimate of Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra Perhaps the true extent of Cleopatra's charm is best indicated by the fact that her conquests did not cease with her singular vic¬ tory over Antony but have continued century after century in a long and, as yet, unfinished denouement to her engaging story. In no case, however, has the seduction been more complete than with the vast army of critics who have paid tribute to her as she is portrayed in Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra. The curious victory which Shakespeare's Cleopatra has achieved with the critics began in the nineteenth century when the romantics of that period joined themselves into a volunteer battalion of loyal subjects and not only attributed to her all of the charm with which she was so well endowed by Shakespeare, but also graced her liberally with a virtue resembling that imputed to her by the medieval writers who had used her much earlier as a champion of the courtly love tradition. -
Augustus, the King of Kings
(RE)PRESENTING EMPIRE: THE ROMAN IMPERIAL CULT IN ASIA MINOR, 31 BC – AD 68 by Benjamin B. Rubin A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Classical Art and Archaeology) in the University of Michigan 2008 Doctoral Committee: Professor Elaine K. Gazda, Co-Chair Professor Margaret C. Root, Co-Chair Professor Janet E. Richards Professor Carla M. Sinopoli © Benjamin B. Rubin All rights reserved 2008 For Lyndell. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I want express my sincerest gratitude to all those who have helped to make this dissertation possible. My co-chairs, Elaine Gazda and Margaret Cool Root, have shown support for my project since its inception. I am indebted to them for their kindness, patience and thoughtful criticism of my written work. I would like to thank Elaine Gazda for instilling in me a careful attention to detail, which has helped me to clarify both my thinking and my writing. Her boundless energy and enthusiasm have been a continual inspiration to me over the past seven years. I greatly benefited from her eminar on the cities of Roman Asia Minor and the subsequent trip she organized to Turkey during the summer of 2004. I am grateful to Margaret Cool Root for encouraging me to think broadly and make connections across disciplinary divides. She has given me the courage to challenge my most deeply held assumptions and to share my ideas with the world. I admire Margaret not only for her scholarly acumen, but also for her deep commitment to cause of social justice both in the classroom and society at large. -
A POLITICAL HISTORY of PARTHIA Oi.Uchicago.Edu
oi.uchicago.edu A POLITICAL HISTORY OF PARTHIA oi.uchicago.edu THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO THE BAKER & TAYLOR COMPANY, NEW YORK; THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, LONDON; THE MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA, TOKYO, OSAKA, KYOTO, FUKUOKA, SENDAI; THE COMMERCIAL PRESS, LIMITED, SHANGHAI oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu KING MITHRADATES II oi.uchicago.edu A POLITICAL HISTORY OF PARTHIA BY NEILSON C. DEBEVOISE THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO • ILLINOIS oi.uchicago.edu COPYRIGHT I938 BY THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PUBLISHED APRIL I 93 8 COMPOSED AND PRINTED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO, ILLINOI8, U.8.A. oi.uchicago.edu Man is a genus; it has itself species: Greeks, Romans, Parthians.—SENECA Epistolae lviii. 12. oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu PREFACE N 1873 George Rawlinson published his Sixth Great Oriental Monarchy. Since that time no I other extensive study devoted to Parthia has been written, although Rawlinson's admirable work did not include all of the classical references and ob viously does not include the new source material which has since appeared. Because of these facts it was felt advisable to insert in this volume extensive references, both old and new, to the source material for the political history. The large amount of evi dence for the cultural history of Parthia from Dura- Europus and Seleucia on the Tigris now in press and in preparation makes discussion of the cultural as pects inadvisable at present. This must be reserved for some future work on Parthia where the necessity of less documentation will allow of fuller interpreta tion of the political side of Parthia and the presenta tion of the new cultural material. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Becoming
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Becoming Mark Antony: A Metabiographical Study of Characterization and Reception A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Classics by Alexander James Lessie 2015 © Copyright by Alexander James Lessie 2015 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Becoming Mark Antony: A Metabiographical Study of Characterization and Reception by Alexander James Lessie Doctor of Philosophy in Classics University of California, Los Angeles, 2015 Professor Amy Richlin, Chair The subject of this dissertation is the nexus of Greek and Latin texts that feature Mark Antony. Cicero’s Philippics and Plutarch’s Life of Antony are the key components of this corpus , but this dissertation also encompasses writings about Antony by authors ranging from Propertius to Cassius Dio and covers the reception of this material in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar . Each chapter uses a metabiographical approach to examine a particular stylized persona that these authors project onto Antony. Chapter 1 investigates why authors invest Mark Antony with the attributes of a stage actor with a frequency rivaled only by similar treatments of later emperors like Caligula and Nero. Chapters 2 and 3 analyze the representation of Antony as a tyrant in Latin-language authors and Greek-language authors, respectively. Chapter 4 delineates the different ways that authors conceive of Antony’s love for Cleopatra as a type of madness. Chapter 5 uses Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar as a test case for applying the metabiographical methodology to a post-classical literary text and focuses on Shakespeare’s innovative deployment of Antony as a paragon of eloquence. -
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Becoming Mark Antony: A Metabiographical Study of Characterization and Reception Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pq898zf Author Lessie, Alexander James Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Becoming Mark Antony: A Metabiographical Study of Characterization and Reception A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Classics by Alexander James Lessie 2015 © Copyright by Alexander James Lessie 2015 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Becoming Mark Antony: A Metabiographical Study of Characterization and Reception by Alexander James Lessie Doctor of Philosophy in Classics University of California, Los Angeles, 2015 Professor Amy Richlin, Chair The subject of this dissertation is the nexus of Greek and Latin texts that feature Mark Antony. Cicero’s Philippics and Plutarch’s Life of Antony are the key components of this corpus , but this dissertation also encompasses writings about Antony by authors ranging from Propertius to Cassius Dio and covers the reception of this material in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar . Each chapter uses a metabiographical approach to examine a particular stylized persona that these authors project onto Antony. Chapter 1 investigates why authors invest Mark Antony with the attributes of a stage actor with a frequency rivaled only by similar treatments of later emperors like Caligula and Nero. Chapters 2 and 3 analyze the representation of Antony as a tyrant in Latin-language authors and Greek-language authors, respectively. Chapter 4 delineates the different ways that authors conceive of Antony’s love for Cleopatra as a type of madness. -
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MARK ANTONY (83-30 B.C.] * * * I
9 MARK ANTONY (83-30 B.c.] * * * I. Mark Antony's grandfather was Antony the orator, who took the side of Sulla in the civil wars and was put to death by M:lrius. His father, who received the surname Crericus, * did not become famous nor Dl2ke any great mark in public life, but was remembered rather for his benevolence, his honesty, and especially his generosity, as may be judged by the following episode. He was by no means rich, and for this reason his wife was inclined to restrain his philanthropic impulses. So when one of his intimate friends came to ask him for money, he had none to offer: instead, he ordered a yowtg slave to fetch some water in a silver bowl, and when it arrived he moistened his face as though he were about to shave. He then dismissed the slave on some other pretext, presented his friend with the bowl, and urgt.-d him to Dl2ke what use be could of it. Later, when he saw that a thorough search was being made among the slaves, and that his wife was angry and intended to question them one by one, Antony confessed what he had done and begged her forgiveness. 2. His wife Julia belonged to the family of the Caesars and could take her place among the most nobly born and admirable women of her time. It was under her care that Antony was brought up, and after his father's death she married Cornelius Lentulus, who was executed by Cicero as one of the ringleaders of Catiline's conspiracy. -
An Edition of the Tragedie of Cleopatra, by Samuel Daniel
An Edition of The Tragedie of Cleopatra, by Samuel Daniel Dorothy Heather Bowles A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of English August 2020 Volume 2 217 Annotations to the Text THE TRAGEDIE of Cleopatra: Title Page The appearance of the title page of the 1601 edition of Cleopatra has a stark simplicity; it comprises a printer’s ornament, which is reused above the list of ‘Actors’, the play title and a motto. Daniel’s play is entitled briefly and simply as was the Countess of Pembroke’s translation of Garnier’s work, which, when first printed in 1592, was given the title of Antonius, A Tragedie. Unlike Thomas Kyd who also translated Garnier, neither has used the title to describe the content of their play. Although the title page of the first print run of Kyd’s translation of Garnier’s Cornélie briefly stated Cornelia followed by the printer’s details and date, 1594, this was elaborated the following year to: Pompey the Great, his faire Corneiliaes tragedie: Effected by her Father and Husbandes down-cast, death and fortune. The page also included details of author, translator and printer making it doubly useful, as both title page and advertising material. For Cleopatra and Antonie the outer title pages showed more restraint, but each included the name of the author and for Antonie that of the translator. Ætas prima canat veneres postrema tumultus (Propertius, Elegies, Book 3,10,7): ‘Let youth sing of love, and the last age of conflicts’; a tag apposite to the trajectory of Daniel’s career, moving from sonnets through to histories.