5 YEARS OF EXCELLENCE FEATURED ARTICLES AND THE 2008 ANNUAL REPORT

Benjamin Franklin’s Shoe PAGE 4 A Road Rich with Milestones PAGE 10 Today and Tomorrow: 2008 Annual Report PAGE 16 2008 Financials PAGE 22 FEATUREMAILBOX ONE

2 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence LETTER FROM THE EDITORS

Dear Friends:

Exceptional. That is the only word that can fully describe the remarkable strides the National Constitution Center has made in the past five years. Since opening its doors on July 4, 2003, it has developed into one of the most esteemed institutions for the ongoing study, discussion and celebration of the ’ most cherished document.

We’re pleased to present a celebration of the Center’s first five years and the 2008 Annual Report. In the following pages you will read about the Center’s earliest days and the milestones it has experienced. You will learn about the moving exhibitions it has developed and presented over the years. You will look back at the many robust public conversations led by national figures that have occurred on site, and you will be introduced to a new and innovative international initiative destined to carry the Center boldly into the future.

It has been a true pleasure to work for this venerable institution, informing and inspiring We the People. We both look forward to witnessing the Center’s future achievements and we are honored that the next chapter of this story will be written by the Center’s new Chairman, President .

Sincerely,

President George H. W. Bush Joseph M. Torsella Chairman, Board of Trustees President and CEO 2007-2008 1996-2003 2006-2009

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence 1 CONTENTS

Table of NATIONAL HONORARY Chris Larson Contents COMMITTEE Paul Levy Ira Lubert Mrs. George H.W. Bush Alan Roberts McFarland President & Mrs. Jimmy Carter PREAMBLE The Honorable Sandra Day O’Connor President William J. Clinton & Russell E. Palmer* 1 Letter from the Editors The Honorable Hillary Rodham Clinton William S. Paul Mrs. Gerald R. Ford Vivian Weyerhaeuser Piasecki 3 The Center by the Numbers Marc Platt 2008 NATIONAL Stuart Rabin CONSTITUTION CENTER Alan L. Reed ARTICLES BOARD OF TRUSTEES The Honorable Edward G. Rendell Derrick A. Roman 4 Benjamin Franklin’s Shoe Chairman Helen Ryu 10 A Road Rich with Milestones President George H.W. Bush William A. Slaughter, Esq. Stephen D. Steinour Chairman of the Executive The Honorable Peter Terpeluk, Jr. Committee 16 Today and Tomorrow: Stanley B. Tulin Lawrence J. Kent 2008 Annual Report Paul R. Verkuil, Esq.

Chair Emeriti Richard B. Worley 22 2008 Financials John C. Bogle General Anthony Zinni A.E. Wolf *Vice Chairman AMENDMENTS President and CEO Joseph M. Torsella 24 Q & A with President George Bush SENIOR STAFF Board of Trustees As of September 30, 2008 25 Q & A with President Bill Clinton Shahara Ahmad-Llewellyn* Joseph M. Torsella Yale Asbell President and CEO 26 Gifts and Grants Richard R. Beeman, Ph.D. David Boies, Esq. Laura A. Linton 28 Constitutional Crossword Madison Bond Chief Operating Officer Daniel R. Butler Hugh Allen Gilbert Casellas 32 Advisory Boards Senior Director of Special Projects Douglas DeVos and Government Relations Richard M. DeVos, Sr.* Richard Dreyfuss Monica Cawvey W. Joseph Duckworth BNY Mellon Vice President for Andre Duggin Development Stuart F. Feldman The Honorable Peter G. Fitzgerald Jennifer Darley The Honorable Vincent J. Fumo Vice President of Business Enterprises Steven M. Galbraith Christine Donnelly The Honorable Robert W. Godshall Senior Director of Finance The Honorable Slade Gorton Amy Gutmann, Ph.D. Steve Frank Stephen J. Harmelin, Esq. Vice President of Education and Exhibits Ben W. Heineman Jr. Chris Spencer Paul C. Heintz, Esq. Senior Director of Marketing Peter Huizenga Linda E. Johnson Vince Stango Lewis Katz Vice President of Human Resources Susan Kim and Administration

2 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence The Center 525 Arch Street, the Center’s street address, was chosen by the because the Constitutional Convention began in Numbers on 5/25/1787. 5.4 million visitors have experienced the Center since it opened on July 4, 2003. 85,000 square feet of Indiana limestone was used in construction of the Center. The limestone comes from the same quarry used to build the Empire State Building. 50 artists took 18 months to produce the 42 bronze statues in Signers’ Hall. It takes 17 hours to read every word and use every interactive in the permanent exhibit. a 1.13 million visitors have added their own signatures to the Constitution in Signers’ Hall. 57 flags hang in the Grand Hall Overlook representing 50 states, 5 territories, the District of Columbia and the United States of America. 551 volunteers have donated their time and energy to the Center. 162 public programs about constitutional issues have been held at the Center. 14,168 educators receive the Center’s monthly newsletter. 10.7 million people watched the 2008 Democratic Primary

Presidential Debate broadcast from the Center. On 224 occasions the words “freedom” or “free” are spoken during the daily performances of Freedom

Rising. 648,464 lunches have been eaten in the school lunchroom since 2003.ss

57,640 buses have dropped off visitors to Independence Mall at the

Center. 525 light bulbs illuminate an exhibition in the temporary gallery space. 50 states and 1 territory have been represented at the Center’s national summer teacher institutes.

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence 3 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN’S SHOE

Benjamin Franklin’s SHOE

5 YEARS OF EXCELLENCE The National Constitution Center celebrated its fifth anniversary on July 4, 2008, but its full life story stretches back much further. Two decades, say some. One century, say others.

echnically, the idea to create “a permanent memorial to the boosters, recalling those fractious days. At one particularly TConstitution” was conceived in 1886, as a way to commemorate memorable board meeting, Mayor Edward G. Rendell came to voice the Constitution’s centennial in 1887. But the lofty plan got lost in his concern and Trustee Steven J. Harmelin took the opportunity the long march of history, and didn’t resurface again for a full 100 to ask, “Well, Mr. Mayor, would you be willing to serve as Benjamin Franklin’s years, when Philadelphia’s civic leaders, including then Mayor Bill Chairman?” The mayor surprised the Board by saying yes, and it Green, decided the city should do something special to mark the was then that the Center’s story changed. Constitution’s 200th birthday. In response, a small band of 30 true Rendell instantly breathed new life into the project, bringing believers led by businessman A.E. “Ted” Wolf formed a Board of with him a palpable sense of urgency, plenty of political cachet, Directors for the yet-to-exist National Constitution Center. They and a young dynamic partner named Joe Torsella, whom he established an organization with a formal plan to create that long- appointed as President of the Center. Bogle remembers that he desired memorial to the Constitution and, with the backing of dubbed the duo the “dream team” as they proceeded to tirelessly Senator , successfully persuaded Congress to pass the lobby decision-makers, appeal to financial backers, and prod Constitution Heritage Act of 1988, calling for a national landmark civic leaders to reinvigorate enthusiasm for the construction of “to increase the awareness and understanding of the Constitution the Center. Soon the Board was reenergized and united, certain among the American people.” The legislation was signed by President even if they had to accomplish it through sheer will, they would , but even an official decree from Washington was finally bring the National Constitution Center project to fruition. not enough to turn the lapsed vision into a reality. There was a Within six months, the Rendell/Torsella team had raised enough long list of critical details the nascent board could not agree upon. money not only to cover the deficit, but to also bank a surplus of What sort of information should the Center offer? Where in the city $7,000 in the coffers. Another major issue seemed to have come should it be located? How should it be funded? together as well—the exact location of the building. Earlier, the “There were people who wanted it to be a think tank,” Wolf National Park Service had agreed to allow the Center to stand on recalled, “and there were people who wanted it to be a We the People Independence Mall, and by 1998 it was decided the Center would type of place that cast a broad net.” There were those who believed it occupy the northern end, directly across from . rightly belonged on Independence Mall, alongside America’s most Or at least that’s what the Board thought when it invited a treasured landmarks. Others bristled at the thought. The divide group of United States Senators to come to Philadelphia, see among the members was wide and contentious. So divisive, Wolf the future site of the Center, and listen to testimony requesting said, “at one meeting in the late eighties, half the board walked $65 million in federal funding for the construction of the building. out.” Again the years passed, almost a decade this time, as the They were thrilled when the Appropriations Committee for project languished. the Department of Interior agreed to hold a rare on-site “The Center continued to struggle financially, and we faced subcommittee hearing at historic Carpenters’ Hall. But this a deficit of some $400,000 going into 1997,” said John C. Bogle, was a project plagued with setbacks, and it was about to experience founder of and one of the Center’s earliest yet another.

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence 5 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN’S SHOE

I moved to Philadelphia in 1980 from . My office was located at 4th and Market Streets, and my brother and I used to walk through Independence Park, between Market and Chestnut, over to a little deli for lunch. This was back in 1981-82, when the city was going through tough economic times, and when if you did that, you were more likely to get mugged than to have a positive historical experience. I would look at this great mall and I would feel somewhat disappointed. Here were these national treasures with real history somewhat going to waste. So when Joe made his first presentation to me about the National Constitution Center, and he explained his vision for a beautiful building near Independence Hall and a beautiful grass mall in between, I thought this is what Philadelphia and the country need, a beautiful place to share the ideals that the Founding Fathers envisioned. I was confident from the beginning that the Center would become a national landmark drawing visitors from all over the United States. —Lawrence J. Kent, Chairman, Executive Committee

he day of the Senate hearing—March 9, 1998—the Center’s A banner displays the famous words engraved on the front of the building. Tbackers prayed for sunshine. They wanted to take the senators on a walk across the lawn of Independence Mall, hoping the lawmakers would breathe in the project’s potential as they stood on the empty landscape where the Center would one day stand. But clouds threatened. This was a critical meeting, a make or break moment that would determine whether the proposed Center would get the federal funds without which it simply could not proceed. Rendell and Torsella had worked assiduously behind the scenes with Senators Specter and Rick Santorum of Pennsylvania polishing the testimony they would present. They would talk about the money they planned to raise from private donors (which eventually totaled more than $77 million with major early gifts from Mrs. Elizabeth Moran, Ambassador and Mrs. Walter Annenberg, Richard and Helen DeVos, Sidney Kimmel, the Dorrance H. Hamilton Charitable Trust, the William Penn Foundation, the Pew Charitable Trusts and others). They would mention the $30 million in state funds they intended Midge” the previous evening. Senator Pete Domenici of New Mexico to secure. They would describe all the innovative and interactive observed that the U.S. Constitution is sacred to all Americans—and displays they planned to include in the permanent exhibition, and the hearing continued with Rendell telling the story of the long, they would take particular pride in informing the lawmakers that hard road the Center had traveled. “In the United States of America,” the National Park Service had already included the construction the Mayor testified, “we have museums dedicated to the peanut, to of the Center in its General Management Plan, a detailed long- the pound cake, to gourds, to insects, to NASCAR racing and to term schematic to spruce up the park site with a brand new visitors Barbara Streisand; and yet, we do not have a museum dedicated to center, improved parking facilities and a new pavilion. the most important document in this country’s history and maybe, “It was supposed to be a dog and pony show,” said Santorum, respectfully, in the history of the world.” who attended the hearing on that gray morning. “But suddenly the Rendell explained how the Park Service had worked the Center Park Service started being coy about the testimony. We thought into its General Management Plan, adding if the Center were to they were going to be cooperative, but we were blindsided.” receive the $65 million in federal funds for construction it was The hearing began with polite pleasantries—Senator Ted Stevens seeking, it would not ask for operating funds. of Alaska thanked Rendell for hosting a supper with “his lovely wife “The price for this critically important project, put in that

6 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence The Center’s steel frame begins to rise in 2001. revered document. “It’s not an idea like gravity or the combustion engine,” he said. “What people saw was a legal document, and those people told us it would be impossible to create good content.” Even unabashed history buffs like Ken Burns had trouble picturing it. “I became aware of the Center because it was being built across the street from WHYY (the public radio and television station), which is a frequent stop in my travels,” Burns said. “To be honest, I was quite suspicious of the whole endeavor because one of the most difficult things to do is make tangible the abstract ideas behind the making and the interpretation of the Constitution. That is why I am incredibly impressed with what the Center has accomplished.” “The rap on the Center was, ‘Huh?’ Nobody could imagine it,” Torsella remembers. “They’d ask, ‘How can you possibly make it a place where people want to go? What are you going to have in there, a case with Benjamin Franklin’s shoe?’ ” The only way to tackle the situation was to hire the best of the best. So, backed by the Board, Torsella selected Ralph Applebaum, known for creating the U.S. Holocaust Memorial in Washington, D.C., to be the exhibit designer. In addition, Torsella, himself a Rhodes Scholar, pulled together a blue-ribbon panel of scholars and advisers. Chaired by Richard Beeman of the University of context, I think, is a relatively modest one...so it is our hope that we Pennsylvania and Gordon Wood of Brown University, the panel also can do this,” he said. included Supreme Court Justices Sandra Day O’Connor, Stephen It was all going as planned. Until an unexpected written Breyer and ; Douglas Kmiec of Pepperdine University statement from the Park Service was introduced into the record. Law School; Michael Les Benedict of Ohio State University; Akhil “It said they were unalterably opposed to the funding of a Reed Amar of and others. Torsella also hired Constitution Center in Independence Park, and it was clear historian Dr. Steve Frank, currently the Vice President of Education the senators had been primed with hostile questions about and Exhibits, to get things started. our assumptions that the Park Service was on board with us,” “Joe would come to Penn once a week and we would lock recalled Torsella. “It felt like we got hit in the head with a two- ourselves in a conference room and make decisions about what by-four.” Rendell and Torsella were stunned, almost speechless, should be emphasized in this museum,” Beeman recalled. “The as they watched the mood of the hearing sour. Outside, rain fell. history of the United States of America is vast, and we had to build “That was really the low point,” Torsella said. “Ed and I were exhibitions that would educate third-graders, fifth-graders, adults completely discouraged.” and constitutional junkies. Ultimately, we had to take this document “I remember leaving that hearing, walking with Ed,” said Senator which seems dry and dull and make it come to life.” After months Santorum. “He kept saying, ‘It’s over, it’s over,’ and I said to him of discussion, dissection, and deliberation they realized that the it’s not over, we are going to make this happen, give me a couple theme for the permanent exhibit was right in front of them, in the of weeks.” Santorum kept his word, reaching out to Senators Slade three powerful words that begin the Constitution—We the People. Gorton of Washington and Specter, and figuring a way the three “Everything in the building had to exist to invite people into lawmakers from opposite ends of the nation could slowly patch the citizenship,” Torsella explained. “There is a great Walt Whitman project back together, ultimately convincing Congress to allocate quote: The powerful play goes on, and you will contribute a verse, $63.5 million. which to me always spoke to what this place is all about. Once Finally, with funds secured, the building would rise. But what we articulated the idea that you enter as a visitor and you leave would go inside? as a citizen, that drove everything,”—from the openness of the architecture, to the strong focus on interactivity in the permanent ow do you build an institution around an idea? That’s what exhibit, to the you-are-there sensation of Signers’ Hall, where Hpeople kept asking Torsella whenever he attempted to explain visitors are invited to add their own signature to the document that that the National Constitution Center would offer visitors a unique makes We the People one. glimpse into the history and ongoing relevance of America’s most Final adjustments to the exhibition continued right up until the

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence 7 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN’S SHOE

Center’s opening, with every word that would be seen by the public receiving intense scrutiny. The Center staff was determined to “They’d ask, ‘How can you present the history and ideals of the Constitution in a non-partisan, user-friendly and intellectually provocative manner, and the task possibly make it a place kept Torsella awake at night. where people want to go? “When we received what was supposed to be the final version of the labels for the exhibition,” Torsella recalled, “they were too What are you going to simplistic and politically biased. I knew we would be embarrassed if they were left like that.” So once again, huddled with a small have in there, a case with team of advisors and staff, Torsella set about rewriting the entire narrative, ridding it of any political leanings and adding more Benjamin Franklin’s shoe?’ ” intellectual heft. “Subsequently,” said Steve Frank, “the labels won an award of he building itself had to reflect the theme of inclusion, too, and excellence from the American Association of Museums.” Equally Tto find the right architect the Board established a committee telling, the exhibition won verbal praise from two Supreme Court headed by Gary Hack, dean of the School of Design at the University Justices—Stephen Breyer and Antonin Scalia—who rarely see eye of Pennsylvania, to conduct a search. The committee invited to eye. After experiencing the exhibition for the first time, Scalia said: proposals, but with a twist. The architects had to present their ideas “It’s a rare encounter with a Constitution interpretation that I can verbally. No sketches. No maquettes. walk through without coming out with hard feelings. I had none at all.” “We interviewed the best architects in the world,” recalled Board

Below: Flags from every state and five territories grace the Grand Hall Overlook. Far right: Visitors add their names to the Constitution in Signers’ Hall.

One thing I remember during the Center’s construction was when we were deciding what the exterior materials would be. The contractors created a mock up of all the materials we were considering. Harry Cobb [the architect] wanted a blasted limestone, a roughed up looking limestone, which looked beautiful in the sunshine. Luckily, the morning we were going to see it, it had rained all night and what this roughed up face of limestone looked like was bad concrete when it was wet. We talked about it, because we wanted the building to be stately—inviting to everybody—but stately, and we didn’t want the fellow who brought his family all the way from Kansas to think we’d built this monument to the greatest document of our country out of bad concrete. Joe made the final decision to go with smooth limestone, not the blasted limestone, and it was the rain that helped us come to that decision. —W. Joseph Duckworth, Board of Trustees

8 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence They chose to support the Center because, for the Trustee W. Joseph Duckworth, who was on the selection committee. Annenbergs, it wasn’t a “We wanted them to talk about their ideas, to make sure they facility as much as it was a understood what the Center was about, the essence of it.” There symbol of what makes our were frontrunners, to be sure. But, Duckworth said, when Henry country great. Following the N. Cobb of the renowned firm of Pei Cobb Freed & Partners spoke groundbreaking ceremony, about his plan for the Center, the entire committee knew the search Mrs. Annenberg told me, was over. very quietly, that this is “I remember talking about how the whole point of the National exactly what the Annenberg Constitution Center is to proclaim the active engagement of the Foundation should be Mrs. Leonore Annenberg Constitution with the life of the people of our nation,” Cobb said. doing. At the most basic “The task was to shape the building to communicate a sense of that level, Ambassador and Mrs. Annenberg believe in supporting engagement while at the same time honoring its position opposite institutions and organizations that meet the essential needs Independence Hall.” of the public, and there is not anything more essential than Transparency was a word Cobb used often. Contemporary preparing citizens to fulfill their obligations toward democracy. was another. No brick, he insisted, because that would “confront —Gail Levin, Executive Director, Annenberg Foundation, Independence Hall with a brick building many times bigger on Mrs. Leonore Annenberg than itself,” and that, he said, would be disrespectful. Instead he designed what the Philadelphia Inquirer called “a thoughtful work seamlessly transporting audience members through more than 200 of architecture that distills our core national values into an easy-to- years of constitutional history. Supreme Court Justice O’Connor read physical form.” Its two-story façade made entirely of windows, has deemed it “the best 17-minute civics lesson in the country.” which Cobb calls the building’s front porch, allows visitors standing Strolling onto a darkened stage, a live actor begins the program outside to see a grand American flag surrounded by flags from by asking: “We the People. Who are we? What makes us a people?” every state while visitors inside experience a visual connection with Complemented by a mesmerizing montage of state-of-the-art Independence Hall. Cobb explained one of the most talked about sounds and images, the narrator takes visitors on a journey through elements of the building—the words of the Constitution’s Preamble the precarious days of the American Revolution, the Civil War, etched into the stone near the entranceway—was an idea that came the Great Depression, the Civil Rights Movement and other key from Governor Rendell, who believed the words of liberty should historic moments, bringing the drama, tension and inspiration be writ large for the citizens of today and their posterity. of the Constitution to life. Donna Lawrence, who produced the program, said she began working on Freedom Rising in 2001, a full two years before the Center opened, and about three months before t’s hard to impress Philadelphians on the Fourth of July. But the terrorist attacks of September 11. Iwhen the National Constitution Center opened its doors on “You can imagine how that changed the environment in which Independence Day 2003, the event was met by an enthusiastic crowd we were working,” she said. “It reminded us all how vital the assembled on its lawn. called the city’s new Constitution is, and how it comes into play every day in this country. treasure a building “destined to take its place among the nation’s It was just so obvious how important a place like the Center was leading public monuments.” On that hot sunny day, Supreme Court going to be.” Motivated to do justice to the Framers’ call for a “more Justice Sandra Day O’Connor received the Liberty Medal on a stage perfect Union,” Lawrence and scriptwriter Peter Ryan polished the in front of the building. Small cannons shot streamers into the air in narrative for months, intensely focused on creating a program that celebration. Four military jets soared over the site. Wynton Marsalis could not only convey the historic audacity of a government of self- and Ray Charles performed beloved American tunes and, despite rule, but one that would also inspire modern visitors to embrace that the collapse of a wooden frame onto the stage that injured Torsella, power themselves. “If you count all the drafts and all the polishing, Mayor John Street and two others, the Center’s doors swung open I’d be shocked if it didn’t go through 40 or 50 drafts,” she said. and welcomed America. The result is a gripping program with the power to bring tears Inside, visitors were greeted with the spacious public spaces to the eyes of adults and make even the rowdiest of school groups designed by Cobb, evoking a feeling of freedom and pride. They fall silent in rapt attention. Former First Lady Laura Bush liked the got their first introduction to the Center’s exhibition inside the star- show so much that she asked for it to be performed at the White shaped Kimmel amphitheater where Freedom Rising, the 17-minute House on September 17th, Constitution Day, 2008, and Zuhair theatrical orientation program, is performed. It remains one of the Mohsin Mohammed Abdulazeez, the mayor of the city of Mosul in most powerful and popular segments of the Center experience, Iraq, who visited the Center in May 2008, called it “remarkable.”

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence 9 A ROAD RICH WITH MILESTONES

Rich with d a M o R il estones A

5 YEARS OF EXCELLENCE YEARS Rich with d a M o R i In five short years lthe Center has accomplished the highest estones of ambitions. It has become one of Philadelphia’s top A three sites: the Hall, the Bell and the Constitution Center.

t has become a requisite stop for educators, students, and citizens Center continues to adapt, while staying true to the fundamental Ifrom around the globe, and it has established itself as America’s notion of We the People. town hall where the best and brightest choose to participate in national conversations about the most important issues facing our nation. Daily achievements, both large and small, have fueled the ive months after the Center’s spectacular opening, Joe Torsella Center’s rapid rise, and it would be impossible to chronicle them all. Fstepped down to pursue new ventures, including a run for But there are, to be sure, a handful of truly transformational Congress. His departure introduced a potentially dangerous void moments that have lifted the Center to its current standing: in the institution’s executive leadership at a time when it could its lineage of extraordinary executive leadership; its successful least afford to lose momentum. But because the Center had already introduction of popular temporary exhibitions; its development garnered a national reputation for excellence, the job opening of groundbreaking educational programming supported by a attracted a slate of top-notch candidates, and in March 2004, veteran landmark $6.4 million grant from the Annenberg Foundation; its Time magazine journalist took the helm. solid financial standing and business plan; its high-caliber public “Their focuses as CEO were a little different,” said Lawrence J. programming; and, its assumption of the selection and presentation Kent, Chairman of the Board of Trustee’s Executive Committee. “Joe of the prestigious Liberty Medal. had worked hard on raising the capital needed just to get the Center In many ways, the story of the Center’s first five years is similar to open, and that was one important mission. Then, Rick was able to the story of the document that it heralds. Like the Constitution, the come in and focus on the exhibition and education mission.”

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence 11 A ROAD RICH WITH MILESTONES 2003

2004 Left: A Pennsylvania farmer celebrates the opening of the National Constitution Center. Above: President Bill Clinton discusses his memoir with E.J. Dionne of .

Stengel said he saw programming, Under Stengel’s guidance, the Center quickly broadened the breadth of its public programming with regular presentations education and exhibitions as and special events featuring national figures such as former President Bill Clinton, who spoke about his just-published “three legs of the stool required memoirs at the Center in June 2004 and signed 1,000 books for museums in this day and in one hour. Within months, prominent lawmakers, political advisors, filmmakers, historians and journalists knew that the age to remain economically and Center was a place where the ongoing dialogue of modern democracy not only was respected, but actively fostered, fed, intellectually vital.” and applauded. In April 2005, Stengel arranged for the Center to sponsor a rare interview with three sitting Supreme Court Justices, conducted by Tim Russert of NBC News at the with regularly updated lesson plans and classroom projects through National Archives, raising the Center’s profile as a national leader its website, and about 200,000 schoolchildren from every state visit in civic engagement even higher. the Center annually. At the same time, the Center continued to bolster its educational In a recent interview, Stengel said he saw programming, education initiatives. In February 2006, it received a generous grant from the and exhibitions as “three legs of the stool required for museums in Annenberg Foundation intended to “answer the call of citizenship, this day and age to remain economically and intellectually vital.” to build civic engagement (and) to prepare the next generation of civic leaders.” The $6.4 million gift allowed the Center to create four new programs—the Peter Jennings Project for Journalists and ot surprisingly, the Center’s first foray into the changing the Constitution; a live real-time internet deliberation by America’s Nexhibition realm wound up being nothing less than a full- high school students on constitutional issues called The Exchange; scale national touring exhibit of its own making. “We had originally curriculum development for Constitution Day; and a series of planned to present our first changing exhibition three years after summer teacher institutes. The grant also made it possible for opening,” said Steve Frank, Vice President for Education and the Center to help establish Constitution High School, a magnet Exhibits. “But we ended up presenting it after only 18 months.” school within the School District of Philadelphia, created through a With the help of a $1 million gift from the Lincoln Financial partnership with the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History; Group, the Center created Lincoln: The Constitution and the Civil and, PennCORD, a coalition of state and national organizations War, exploring the issues of presidential power in wartime by telling committed to implementing civic education in classrooms in every the dramatic story of Lincoln’s struggle to save the Union and erase Pennsylvania community. The gift additionally funded an original slavery from the Constitution. The critically acclaimed exhibition exhibition, Headed to the White House, developed by the Center drew more than 190,000 visitors during its five-month run, and to explain the excitement and pageantry of the electoral process. has subsequently traveled to Oklahoma City, Seattle, the Truman Today, the Center provides thousands of teachers across the nation Presidential Library in , and Fort Wayne, Indiana. The

12 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence Left: A visitor experiences the Benjamin Franklin exhibition. Below: PennCORD students from across Pennsylvania visit the Center. 2006 2005

exhibition will continue touring through 2009, the bicentennial of Lincoln’s birth. That success was immediately followed 75 percent and increased membership by the National Constitution Center early on. by another. In December 2005, the one-third. It immediately personified what the Center Center opened the world premiere of “I’m a big believer in magic moments is about.” the international blockbuster Benjamin and turning points for institutions, and Since then, the Center has presented Franklin: In Search of a Better World. Serving without question, the changing exhibitions seven temporary exhibitions on topics as the centerpiece of Philadelphia’s city-wide put the Center in the museum limelight,” ranging from the impact of sports on celebration of the Franklin tercentenary, said Meryl Levitz, president and CEO of American history (Sports: Breaking Records, the exhibition drew crowds that spilled out the Greater Philadelphia Tourism Marketing Breaking Barriers and Baseball As America); the Center’s front doors and extended Corporation. “Beside the fact that Franklin to citizens’ commemorations of September a full city block, setting attendance and was a good exhibit, I think it helped to 11, 2001 (9/11: A Nation Remembers); first- revenue records that boosted admission by put a very accessible and inviting face on hand accounts of landmark moments in

I started working at the Center on September 10, 2001, about a year after groundbreaking. The first assignment I got was going to pick up a copy of the Constitution that we had arranged to acquire from Bob McNeil. It’s the copy that we display, the Pennsylvania Packet copy, which is the first public printing of the Constitution. So I made the appointment for the next day, which was September 11th. I remember I called him after the attacks, and he wanted to keep the appointment. He was up in Flourtown, an area I wasn’t familiar with. I remember that, as I drove, I had to stop constantly along the way to ask for directions. I spoke to waitresses in diners, gardeners mowing the lawns of some of these vast estates. Everywhere I went there was this need to talk about what happened that day, and from all these people I felt a deep sense we were all in something horrible and historic together. That feeling of unity was palpable.

The recognition of what had happened that day, and what I’d done, took some time to sink in. I realized I had done something very appropriate, that the feeling of unity I’d felt was not just a result of the tragedy, but the result of what the Constitution stands for and how it makes us one people. I stopped in the office the next morning before bringing the Constitution to the rare books library at Penn for safe- keeping until the Center opened. This was our first treasure, and everyone had been eagerly anticipating its arrival and wanted to see it. We gathered in a conference room. On any other day there would have been loud congratulations, but we just stood there. The room was completely silent. —Dr. Steve Frank, Vice President of Education and Exhibits

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence 13 A ROAD RICH WITH MILESTONES

2008 Left: First Lady Laura Bush gets a private tour of the First Ladies exhibit. Above: MTV’s SuChin Pak moderates The Exchange. 2007

our nation’s story (Eyewitness: American oday it seems as if the Liberty Medal Hall to the front lawn of the brand new Originals from the National Archives); TCeremony and the National Constitution National Constitution Center, giving it a the ever-changing role of America’s First Center were tailor-made for one another. much-needed face lift with a fresh backdrop Ladies (First Ladies: Political Role & Public But their union was not, in fact, predestined. and the additional excitement of the Image); moving images of the multi-cultural It was the result of good timing, tenacity, and Center’s grand opening. It also planted the population suffering genocide in Darfur an unwavering belief among civic leaders seed of a possible permanent home for the (DAFUR/DARFUR); and, most recently, that Philadelphia deserved to be the home flagging award, taken over in 2004 by the the Center’s second originally-developed of a world-class humanitarian award. Philadelphia Foundation. What followed traveling exhibition (Headed to the White Established in 1988 by the We the People was a series of discussions between Rick House), showing the pageantry and 200 organization as part of the national Stengel, Center Trustee Stephen J. Harmelin, importance of presidential elections. celebration of the bicentennial of the and the Foundation’s Chairman Craig “One of the fundamental messages of U.S. Constitution, the Liberty Medal was Lewis. this place is that the Constitution did not awarded by the City of Philadelphia on July “My board and I thought it was the have just one founding moment, that there 4 of each year to world leaders dedicated to perfect venue,” Lewis said. “Especially have been a series of founding moments,” the preservation and promotion of global since you can look back at every one of the said Frank. “The changing exhibitions, and freedom. But bestowing the Medal on awardees and find a story that lends itself to the ones we develop ourselves, allow us to that day required the solemn ceremony a struggle for liberty and freedom, the same delve into those moments in more depth.” to compete with boisterous parades, story the Constitution Center tells.” fireworks, picnics and all the other hoopla In June 2006, the Center assumed all Independence Day inspires. In 2003, the responsibility for selecting and awarding the ceremony moved away from Independence Medal. It moved the date of the annual

I can’t tell you how many times I’ve heard people ask, “Why isn’t civics taught like this?” You just say the word civics and people yawn. But when you really touch on the core issues of democracy, they are electrifying and they stimulate a lot of emotions and a lot of thinking. We’ve had the opportunity to provoke that thinking in a wonderful way. We wanted people, as they walked out, to feel connected to some fundamental concepts in a way they had never been before, and to actually perceive the events and issues swirling around them in their day-to-day lives in a new and more insightful way. This show is an emotional connection into the meaning and role of the Constitution. If every student in America could have this experience it would change the way people look at their citizenship.—Donna Lawrence, producer of Freedom Rising

14 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence Below: receives the Liberty Medal. 2008

The most memorable moment I’ve had at 2008 the Center recently was during the 2008 Liberty Medal ceremony. I was standing in the room with the statues of the Founding Fathers, watching Gorbachev walk among them and contemplate the birth of this country. He was there with President Bush 41, and I said, “What are you thinking?” He said, “So powerful, so powerful.” It was a real moment of hope, right ceremony closer to September 17—Constitution Day—and there, to see a man like him and all that he has represented, reinvigorated the event’s public prestige by presenting accompanying bringing about the end of Soviet Power, standing in the room programming that invites conversation about the work the recipient with the American Founding Fathers contemplating freedom. has done, and providing live webcasts of the ceremony to a global Amazing. —Tom Brokaw, NBC Special Correspondent audience. In 2006, former Presidents George H.W. Bush and William J. Clinton received the Medal for the creative partnership they formed deliberation among the Trustees about who the new Chairman to foster disaster relief and recovery initiatives following the tsunami should be. There were plenty of deserving candidates on the board in Southeast Asia and Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in the United itself, including Larry Kent, founder of the private investment firm States. In 2007, the Medal was awarded to U2 front man and global Kent & Kent. activist and DATA (Debt, AIDS, Trade, Africa), for helping “But I told them if I was elected, I would not serve,” Kent said. focus public attention on eradicating AIDS and extreme poverty in “I remember thinking that we are the National Constitution Center Africa. And in 2008, Russian leader Mikhail Gorbachev was honored and we need somebody with a much larger profile.” for his courageous role in ending the dangerous, decades-long “Joe got right to work on it,” Bogle explained, adding Torsella, in Cold War and ushering freedom to millions who lived behind the his typical manner, aimed high. Iron Curtain. Earlier that year, the Center had awarded the Liberty Medal to “We don’t often get the opportunity in life to take a situation and former Presidents Bush and Clinton, and Torsella knew, from its affect its outcome in a way that allows us to step back and say, ‘Wow,’ ” earliest days, the Center held a special place in President Bush’s Lewis said. “But in this case, it’s all turned out better than any of us heart. The president had been associated with the Center since its could have ever imagined.” inception, and in 1997 helped to narrate a video promoting the yet- to-be Center. Still, Torsella knew extending an invitation to lead the Board of Trustees was a long shot, particularly since after leaving fter two years of Stengel’s leadership, change came once again. the White House President Bush had declined to actively serve as A “I remember we were all crestfallen when we got the head of any institution. But Torsella persuaded him, writing in the announcement that Rick was leaving,” Board Trustee Joe a letter that the “Trustees have been considering who would best Duckworth recalled. “We sat there for a moment and then Jack represent the highest aspirations of this place to America, and Mr. Bogle said, ‘I’ve already called Joe.’ ” President, you are our first, best, and only choice.” Torsella returned in 2006, agreeing to serve as a transitional In January 2007, the Center proudly announced the 41st President and CEO. At the outset of his second term, Board president of the United States of America had been elected Chairman Jack Bogle told Torsella it was time to pass the Chairman of the Board, and was expected to serve for one year. In Chairman’s seat to somebody else. 2008, President Bush agreed to extend his term for another year, “It had been the way a lot of things go at the Center,” Bogle further affirming the Center’s new stature. In January 2009, the said, “I had originally agreed to be Chairman for six months, and Center continued its legacy of exceptional leadership, welcoming I did it for seven-and-a-half years.” Bogle’s decision led to a serious President Bill Clinton as its newest Chairman of the Board.

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence 15 TODAY AND TOMORROW: 2008 ANNUAL REPORT

TodayAND Tomorrow 2008 ANNUAL REPORT If there is such a thing as a distinct moment in time when an institution comes of age, 2008 was that moment for the National Constitution Center.

nswering the Framers’ call to “form a more perfect Union,” by debuting an originally designed traveling exhibition titled Athe Center worked to broaden the definition of We the Headed to the White House, launching a youth voter registration People by attracting the nation’s top authors, speakers and thinkers challenge throughout the city of Philadelphia, presenting a rich to discuss vital issues facing the nation with the public; observing slate of national programs focused on key campaign issues, Constitution Day with a naturalization ceremony and education developing special classroom teaching material about presidential programs; presenting an original exhibition encouraging campaigns, and establishing a special Election ‘08 website for citizen participation in the election process; and, cementing its students and teachers. position as America’s town hall by playing a key role in the On Constitution Day—September 17—Headed to the White presidential campaign. House, made possible through the support of the Annenberg Over the course the year, the Center hosted the final and Foundation, the Pew Charitable Trusts, the John S. and James most-watched Presidential Primary Debate between the two L. Knight Foundation, Pennoni Associates Inc. and Beneficial history-making Democratic candidates, Senator Hillary Rodham Bank, opened to the public. Popular with both young and old, the Clinton and then-Senator ; served as a campaign exhibition provided a step-into-their-shoes perspective into what it stop for two town hall rallies for Senator John McCain; and, was takes to become President of the United States. Choosing whether selected by candidate Obama to be the site of his seminal speech to play the role of the presidential candidate, a campaign manager, on race in America. or a political journalist, visitors made their way through every step “I dare you to name another five-year-old organization in the of a national campaign, leading up to election day and ultimately country that has had anything like the national impact that the ending their experiences by taking a seat behind the desk in a Constitution Center has had,” said Trustee Joe Duckworth. recreation of the Oval Office. Between September and December, more than 42,000 visitors attended the exhibition. 2008 Also on Constitution Day, the Center hosted what has become hen the Center decided to launch a year-long initiative called an annual tradition, with the District Court for the Eastern District WElection ‘08: The Power of We to inspire the public to learn of Pennsylvania performing a moving naturalization ceremony for more about the excitement of presidential elections, there was no new citizens. Seventy-seven foreign-born men and women from way of knowing that America was about to experience an election 31 different countries raised their hands and collectively took the that not only would present history-making candidates on both the Oath of Citizenship in Kirby Auditorium, officially becoming Republican and Democratic tickets, but also would become one of part of We the People. Distinguished guest Dikembe Mutombo, the most closely-followed elections in a generation. a well-known philanthropist, professional basketball player, and Keeping to its goal of expanding the definition of We the a naturalized citizen from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, People, the Center made plans to pull out all the stops regarding attended the event and offered an inspirational address to America’s programming, exhibitions and education during the campaign newest citizens.

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report 17 TODAY AND TOMORROW: 2008 ANNUAL REPORT

The opportunity the National Constitution Center has, that other museums don’t, is to demonstrate the tension inherent in our democracy. We can disagree here in America, and people died for that right. Walk into Signers’ Hall and you see there was tension between the signers and the dissenters. It makes you start thinking about the Constitution in terms of the issues we face today. The Center shows how the document continues to resonate. —–Meryl Levitz, President & CEO, Greater Philadelphia Tourism Marketing Corporation

Presidential candidate Barack Obama delivers his now-famous race speech at the National Constitution Center’s Kirby Auditorium.

n the days before the Center opened to the public, when it was just “The fact that there were only two candidates and seats that rise up Ia dream, one of the goals the staff held out to inspire themselves from the stage created an almost Roman coliseum kind of setting,” was to one day host a presidential debate. In 2008, that dream he said. “The audience was so very close, almost on the same level became a reality. The Democratic Presidential Primary Debate, as the candidates. It was hard to make it work, but it was a dramatic held on April 16, 2008, was broadcast nationally on ABC from the and powerful production.” Broadcast live, the debate was seen by Center’s intimate Kimmel Theater. an estimated 10.7 million viewers, the largest audience for any of For the television network, the round amphitheater, where the more than 20 primary debates in the 2008 election cycle. Freedom Rising is performed daily, presented both a vexing Tapping into that heightened interest, the Center’s education challenge and a unique opportunity to produce a one-of-a-kind staff offered a variety of substantive classroom materials, and teacher political broadcast, said Bob Murphy, Vice President of ABC News. training, about the history and contemporary impact of presidential

18 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report politics. They created two election-related programs for the Annenberg Presidential Learning Center in California. The Center Center’s unique interactive project, The Exchange: A Marketplace also offered a five-day institute titled Teaching the Presidential of Student Ideas, which allows students around the globe to engage Election in June. in real time conversations about constitutional issues. Setting the 2008 Student Agenda for 2008 and Setting the Student Platform in 2008 invited students to deliberate on n addition to focusing how the next president of the Ion the presidential United States should address the The debate was seen by election, the national issues important to America’s an estimated 10.7 million programs at the Center in youth. Following a curriculum 2008 touched on, among developed by the Center, viewers, the largest audience numerous other topics, students representing urban, the 200th anniversary suburban and rural communities for any of the more than of the abolition of from six states participated in the American slave the May and September internet 20 primary debates in the trade, and the renewed conferences, hosted by SuChin environmental movement Pak of MTV News. A DVD of 2008 election cycle. in America. The Exchange was subsequently The Legacy of 1808 distributed to 2,000 additional schools in November, and through series featured historians, journalists, authors and filmmakers the Center’s continued partnership with Scholastic Inc. and its such as Katrina Browne, director of the critically acclaimed UpFront student magazine, The Exchange reached almost half a documentary, Inheriting the Trade, about her family’s quest to face million high school students in 2008. its slave-trading past. Knowing teachers need fresh inspiration, too, the Center put a The Red, White, Blue, and Green speaker series included new spin on its successful summer teacher institutes by offering conversations with economist Jeffrey Sachs, former Speaker of the three instead of two workshops to teachers of grades K-12. House Newt Gingrich and former Greensburg, Kansas, Mayor John In 2008, the Center received more than 800 applications for the Janssen on environmental issues from both the business and public institutes, with a diverse field of participants hailing from 46 states policy perspectives. and Puerto Rico. The topic, Changing the Constitution: Politics and Offering a total of 47 public programs over the year, the Law in American Constitutional Development proved extremely Center welcomed public dialogue with, among others, political popular and in response the Center offered two sessions in late commentator Cokie Roberts, news veteran Tom Brokaw, Senator July—one at the Center itself and another held simultaneously at Bill Bradley, retired CIA agent Valerie Plame Wilson, journalist the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library’s new Walter and Leonore Howard Fineman and historian Richard Brookhiser.

Below Left: Campaign buttons loaned by Al Brindisi for the Headed to the White House exhibit. Below Right: Former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich signs his book on environmentalism at an evening program.

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report 19 TODAY AND TOMORROW: 2008 ANNUAL REPORT

n March, the Center hosted the second annual Peter Jennings interrogation and the Geneva Accords with John Yoo, Professor IProject for Journalists and the Constitution. Thirty mid-career of Law at University of California at Berkeley Law School; journalists from print, broadcast and on-line media participated Larry Thompson, former deputy Attorney General of the United this year as Jennings Fellows, experiencing dynamic workshops States; Rear Admiral ; and, Brigadier General David led by constitutional scholars alongside 30 high school journalists R. Irvine. and their faculty advisors, plus six college journalists sponsored by Educational packets, including a DVD of the moot court, were USA Today. distributed free of charge to 7,500 high school and middle school Focusing on the theme “The Constitution in Our Midst: Civil journalism teachers nationwide. Rights and Civil Liberties,” the conference included a moot court with distinguished lawyers Charles Ogletree, the Harvard Law 2008 School Jesse Climenko Professor of Law, and Kathleen Sullivan, the n December 10—World Human Rights Day and the 60th Stanley Morrison Professor of Law and Former Dean of Stanford Oanniversary of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights Law School, arguing a case about who qualifies for racial preferences —the Center took another step toward its goal of broadening the in college admission as America becomes increasingly multiracial. definition of We the People by formally announcing its decision Lynn Sherr of ABC News moderated a panel discussion addressing to launch an International Engagement Program dedicated to the continued challenges and emerging issues faced by women in the promoting constitutional principles in emerging democracies. legal profession with Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg; The initiative will employ the exceptional civic learning programs and, NPR correspondent Nina Totenberg led a conversation about developed by the Center to guide nations hungry for information

Joe Torsella visits with students at Marefat High School in Kabul, Afghanistan.

20 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg at the Peter Jennings Project.

“A unique opportunity for the Center to take its programming beyond our walls and beyond our shores...” —Joseph M. Torsella

about fostering democracy and the rule of law. These initiatives are being implemented with a particular focus on the development of democracy in Afghanistan. Joe Torsella visits with students at Marefat High School in Kabul, Afghanistan. “In drafting the Constitution, the framers looked both at home and abroad to find wisdom, and, in turn, the American experience has inspired and informed other countries,” Torsella said. “The International Engagement Program provides a unique opportunity for the Center to take its programming beyond our walls and beyond our shores to help promote liberty and constitutionalism. We are extremely proud of this project and look forward to seeing it develop.” 2008

he future of the Center, says one of the key men behind its In today’s world, more than ever, we need to encourage Tbeginnings, is boundless. “I honestly believe that there is no understanding of our Constitution, especially the Bill of Rights, place with more potential to make a profound effect on our society,” and its relevance to our daily lives. Our children and youth need Trustee Ted Wolf remarked in a recent interview. The institution to have interactive experiences in museums that hold their he and a handful of others envisioned more than two decades ago interest without patronizing them. My grandchildren and I have has not only come to fruition, but has exceeded all expectations, always enjoyed the Freedom Rising theater presentation when showing no signs of ceding its forward stride. we’ve visited. I love how they incorporate live actors to make “Every time I walk inside the Center, I feel an immense feeling the experience more compelling. Signers’ Hall is another of my of patriotic pride that I don’t experience anyplace else,” said Trustee favorite exhibits—walking around the life-sized sculptures of Richard R. Beeman. “I’m looking forward to the Center becoming the Constitution signers makes me feel part of a fascinating the nation’s primary resource for knowledge and expertise about time in our history. Visiting school groups seem to always like the Constitution’s past as well as its present.” that area, too. And with my interest in horticulture, I like walking In late 2008, Joe Torsella announced that he would step down around the Center to enjoy the well-designed landscaping that as President and CEO in the early weeks of 2009, adding that he incorporates native flowers and species from colonial times. expects the Center to continue to flourish. It’s beautiful in every season! “This place is a lot like the story it tells, which is to say it is not —Dorrance H. Hamilton, The Hamilton Family Foundation static,” he said. “We didn’t open and say ta-da we’re through. It’s a place that, like America and the Constitution itself, is so dynamic it keeps adapting and changing, while keeping true to its core vision of what We the People ultimately can be.”

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report 21 2008 FINANCIALS

espite the current state of the national economy, the financial At the end of 2008, the Center’s endowment stood at $36.6 Dperformance of the Center has remained particularly strong million, supporting approximately 9% of operations. While these for a five-year-old institution. In fiscal year 2008, the Center are healthy numbers for a young institution, they are not yet at the continued to make significant progress towards establishing itself level required to shield the Center from sustained downturns in as a financially stable organization on a long-term operating basis. earned revenue or annual contributions. Admission and visitor-related earned revenue represented 38% of Entering its sixth year of operation, the Center continues the Center’s 2008 revenue, reflecting the importance of maintaining to commit itself to exploring new forms of mission-related the Center’s strategy of presenting new changing exhibitions each business enterprises, and also dedicates itself to ensuring the fall and spring while also increasing base attendance. Admission contributions our supporters make are used in a fiscally responsible pricing will never, and should never, reflect the true economic and forward-thinking manner. In 2008, the Center generated a cost of providing visitors with the experience of everything that total of $1.8 million in both rentals and catering, which represents the Center has to offer. Therefore, contributed support is critical a 28% increase over FY07. Varied in scope, size and theme, these to our continued existence. In 2008, contributed gifts comprised popular events provide visitors with yet another way to connect 44% of revenue, aiding the Center in its ongoing development with the Constitution. into an enduring national treasure.

22 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report Operating Activities / Fiscal Year 2008

REVENUE 17,919,457 Admissions & Business Enterprises 6,789,224 Membership 352,033 Contributions1 4,507,878 Release of Temporarily Restricted Funds 2,984,796 Government 1,589,496 Endowment Draw/Interest Income 1,696,030

EXPENSES 16,550,241 Education & Exhibits 3,017,919 FY 2008 REVENUE Public Programs & National Initiatives 2,362,526 endowment draw/ Visitor Services 633,237 interest income Business Enterprises 2,784,146 9% admissions & business enterprises Building Operations 3,534,397 government 38% Administration, HR & IT 2,523,678 9% Development 1,518,697 release of Membership 175,641 temporarily restricted funds NET OPERATING INCOME/LOSS 1,369,217 17% Revenues 17,919,457 Expenses 16,550,240 Change in Net Assets from membership 2% Operating Activities 1,369,217 contributions Change in Net Assets (Temporarily 25% Restricted Contributions and Capital Expenditures) -1,228,124 Building Depreciation -5,751,146 Nonoperating Items: FY 2008 EXPENSES Contributions (Endowment, Other) 1,640,000 Investment Returns -5,683,336 membership education & exhibits Increase in Net Assets -9,653,389 development 1% 18% 9% NET ASSETS BEGINNING OF YEAR 160,055,239 administration, NET ASSETS END OF YEAR 150,401,850 hr & it public programs & 15% 1 national initiatives Contributions do not include restricted funds raised in fiscal year 14% but designated for expenses in future years.

visitor services building 4% operations 22% business enterprises 17%

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report 23 Q&A WITH PRESIDENTS GEORGE BUSH & BILL CLINTON Questions for President George Bush

It is rare for you to agree to serve as Chairman of an Can you describe a moment that you experienced at institution, so why the National Constitution Center? the Center that clarified in your mind what the place I was a big supporter of this Center being built, back when it is all about? was just an idea. It’s easy to forget that the Constitution is a huge Probably when I met with some school children who were part part of what makes our country so great. From generation to of a summer camp program at the Center. They were excited about generation, it’s our guiding light. So I was honored to be a part of being there, and about learning the history of our country. this place that reminds all of us that the Constitution is still a part And that was exciting for me. of our daily lives. What is the one best piece of advice you offered to President Bill Clinton about being Chairman of the National Constitution Center? Stay out of the way of the outstanding staff and Board of Trustees; they know what they are doing. I also told him I hoped he could no. visit the Center a little more than I could and participate in more of the programs. I wished I had lived a little closer. 41and no.42

24 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence Who is your favorite Founding Father? secretly thrilled when they asked because I was enjoying being I have always been partial to Benjamin Chairman and wasn’t ready to step down. Franklin. He did so much, and served our If you could rub a magic lantern and grant one country in so many ways. But sometimes I wish to the Center, what would it be? don’t think he gets all the credit he deserves, since he was never President. He was a true That all of their ideas and programs could be funded. It’s so public servant, and a brilliant man. competitive right now in the fundraising arena, so I know it’s tough. But I believe strongly that as more and more people learn You originally agreed to serve only one term about the mission of the Center and the great work they are doing, as Chairman, why did you step up for a second? they will want to be a part of it. I hope so. Have you ever tried to say no to Joe Torsella and Larry Kent? Impossible. My advice to everyone is just to say “yes.” But I was

Questions for President Bill Clinton

Your signature graces one of the steel beams that our Founding Fathers, the more I have come to forms the foundation of the National Constitution respect their ability to foresee challenges that Center building—what sort of place were you did not yet exist and provide a framework to envisioning when you penned your name? solve them that has endured more than two Before the National Constitution Center was established, there centuries of change. Even though Jefferson was no institution solely dedicated to promoting and appreciating wasn’t at the Constitutional Convention, our Constitution. When ground first broke on the Center, I had he greatly influenced the creation of the high hopes that it would serve as a place that would work to keep document with his vision of a Constitution the vision of our Founding Fathers alive and to ensure that each that values differing points of view as a way to generation of Americans understood exactly what they were form a more perfect Union—a task whose trying to do and why it has stood the test of time. It has certainly completion will always remain before us. surpassed all of my expectations. What is the one best piece of advice that President Tell the truth. At that groundbreaking, did you think George Bush has offered about being Chairman the Center would ever become a success? of the National Constitution Center? Absolutely, and I have not been disappointed. Accept the position, then stay out of the way of the outstanding staff and Board of Trustees; they know what they are doing. He Can you describe a moment that you experienced also told me he’s glad I live a little closer to Philadelphia than he at the Center that has stayed with you? does, so I could visit the Center often and participate in as many The Center became the home of the Liberty Medal in 2006, the of the programs as my schedule allows. same year that former President Bush and I received it. President Bush and I had spent a lot of time together over those past two What sort of imprint do you hope your years to raise awareness and funds for the victims of Hurricane Chairmanship will make? Katrina and the tsunami in Southeast Asia, so it was terrific to be I believe this opportunity to chair a great institution will leave together again to receive the same honor I had helped present 13 more of a mark on me than I will leave on it. I am just passing years earlier to two men I deeply respect: Nelson Mandela and through. But in the meantime, I hope to share my love and F.W. de Klerk. Both events were significant moments in my life, respect for the Constitution and help to instill in visitors to the and I am still humbled by the honor. Center a larger sense of what it means to be an American. In our increasingly interdependent world, we so often take for granted Who is your favorite Founding Father? that we are here today because of ordinary citizens who fought for If I had to pick just one, I would probably choose Thomas the right to be free. As we face new challenges at home and abroad, Jefferson. He understood that no individual and no society was we will need this same dedication and innovation to confront or could ever be perfect—much less our own—but that our them, and we cannot hope to be successful in the future without responsibility as citizens was to try anyway. The more I read about first learning from the successes of the past.

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 5 Years of Excellence 25 GIFTS AND GRANTS

Gifts and Grants Fiscal Year 2008

Unrestricted Gifts Stanley B. Tulin* The Delegates’ Circle Dr. and Mrs. Todd Albert and Grants Ted* and Stevie Wolf $2,500 to $4,999 Barbara and John Bartlett William J. Avery Mr. and Mrs. Peter A. Benoliel THE 1787 SOCIETY CHAIRMAN’S CIRCLE Dr.* and Mrs. Richard R. Beeman Richard J. Braemer and Amy L. Finkel Named for the year the Constitution The Chairman’s Circle recognizes Matt Bond* Bob and Sibby Brasler was written and signed, the 1787 individual donors and family Alexander and Sara Buck Roland K. Bullard Society recognizes annual donors foundations who contribute $25,000 Daniel and Pamella DeVos Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Cardwell who contribute $1,000 – $24,999 or more annually in support of the Alice G. Gosfield and Edward F. Shay Gilbert* and Ada Casellas National Constitution Center. in support of the National David Haas Sally Castle Constitution Center. u $500,000 and above John Otto Haas Monica Cawvey Ira Lubert* and Independence The Presidents’ Circle Katherine Hatton and Richard Bilotti D. Walter Cohen Capital Partners $10,000 to $24,999 Bernard B. Herman Connelly Foundation Samuel I. Newhouse Foundation^ Andrew Allen Foundation Mr. Lawrence T. Hoyle, Jr. Ed and Judy Coslett per Arlin M. Adams Dr. and Mrs. Jay H. Kleiman Susan W. and Catherwood Cummins, Jr. $100,000 to $499,999 Barbara and Theodore Aronson Mr. and Mrs. E. Newbold Smith Peter R. Dachowski Lawrence J.* and Mary A. Kent Mr. and Mrs. J. Mahlon Buck, Jr. Michelle Thomson Scott Donahue u Kenneth G. and Elaine A. Langone^ President* and Mrs. George H.W. Bush Joseph* and Carolyn Torsella Carolyn N. and Joseph M. Evans, Jr. The Whitehead Foundation^ Joseph and Marie Field Honorable Thomas D. Watkins Exude Benefits Group, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Fox Domenica Falcione $50,000 to $99,999 The 1787 Circle Elizabeth H. Gemmill Jack E. Feinberg Anonymous $1,787 to $2,499 Hess Foundation, Inc. Arlene Fickler 1675 Foundation Anonymous Mr. Chris Larson* Eileen Gambon David Berger Foundation Carol Baker and Mark Stein Leslie Anne Miller and Richard James M. Gassaway, II Mary and David* Boies Marshall A. and Gladys Bernstein B. Worley* Hamilton Family Foundation Richard* and Helen DeVos Foundation Richard P. Brown, Jr. Mr.* and Mrs. Russell E. Palmer Gregory P. Hart, Jr. Lynne and Harold Honickman Mr. and Mrs. William C. Buck Mr.* and Mrs. William G. Paul Deborah Gill Hilzinger The Jay and Terry Snider Foundation Steve and Joy Dittman Vivian Weyerhauser Piasecki* Craig and Margaret Johnson June and Don Felley $25,000 to $49,999 Thomas O. Stanley Mr. and Mrs. Donald King Honorable* and Mrs. Slade Gorton Anonymous (2) Steve and Mary Sue Kitchen The Signers’ Circle H. Craig Lewis and Dianne Semingson Shahara Ahmad-Llewellyn* u Mr. and Mrs. Berton Korman $5,000 to $9,999 Laura A. Linton ^ Audrey and Yale* Asbell Carolyn P. Langfitt Anonymous Gracie and Ned Madeira Mr.* and Mrs. John C. Bogle William L. Leonard Sarah Miller Coulson and Frank L. Dr. Carol Melvin Pate and Douglas* and Maria DeVos Foundation Mr. and Mrs. A. Bruce Mainwaring Coulson, Jr. Dr. John Melvin Honorable Peter G. Fitzgerald* Meg and Jamie McLane Mr.* and Mrs. W. Joseph Duckworth Sharron and Earl O’Connor Julia W. Frick David and Lyn Montgomery Julia and Steve* Harmelin Bill and Donna Oliver Dr. Amy Gutmann* Stephen and Victoria Morris Jane and Paul* Heintz Governor Edward G. Rendell* and Linda E. Johnson* Honorable Sandra Day O’Connor* Mr. and Mrs. Joel S. Lawson III Honorable Marjorie O. Rendell Marguerite and Gerry Lenfest Lawrence and Catherine Palmer Derrick* and Chevelle Roman John M. Ryan and Mary G. Gregg Paul S. Levy*/Paul and Karen Levy Mr. and Mrs. Lanny R. Patten Ernest Scheller Sandom Seiden Family Charitable In honor of Paul “Paulie” Penkala Family Foundation + Foundation of The Community Isadore M. Scott Mrs. J. Maxwell Moran Mr. and Mrs. Seymour S. Preston III Foundation for the National John and Dee Sickler Alan* and Louise Reed Martha S. Price Capital Region Paul and Marcia Woodruff Ed Satell David and Helen Pudlin Mr.* and Mrs. William A. Slaughter Tracey and Shanin Specter The Constitution Circle Ann and Frank Reed Steinour Family Foundation* Mr. and Mrs. George Strawbridge, Jr. $1,000 to $1,786 Barbara and Scott Renninger Lorine E. Vogt+ Ambassador Peter Terpeluk* Anonymous (3) James H. Ring

26 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report Judith Rodin and Paul Verkuil* National Endowment for Restricted Gifts Mr.* and Mrs. Stuart J. Rabin and Clyde and Dolores Rush the Humanities^ and Grants Nine Thirty Capital Mr. and Mrs. Samuel J. Savitz Anonymous (2) SAP America $200,000-$499,999 Molly D. Shepard The Annenberg Foundation^ The Pew Charitable Trusts^ Independence Sponsors Robert Silverman and Randi Leavitt City of Philadelphia The Starr Foundation Mr.* and Mrs. Yale Asbell Karen and Jon Sirlin Richard* and Helen DeVos Foundation The Beasley Firm, LLC Judge Dolores K. Sloviter $100,000-$199,999 Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation^ Jim and Joly Stewart Bloomberg Information Lawrence J.* and Mary A. Kent^ u Family of Companies Leon C. Sunstein, Jr. Television/Radio^ Laura A. Linton ^ Dilworth Paxson LLP Mr. and Mrs. Raymond H. Welsh General Motors Corporationn Ira Lubert* and Independence William “Tom” Gerrard and Ruth and Morris Williams, Jr. Meridia Audience Response^ Capital Partners^ Mario A. Duhon Richard E. Woosnam and Pennoni Associatesn National Endowment for The Houghton-Carpenter Foundation Diane Dalto Woosnam Scholastic Inc. the Humanities^ Linda E. Johnson* Mr. Gordon Yasinow The Pew Charitable Trusts^ Lockheed Martin Corporation Lynn and Paul Yeakel $50,000-$99,999 Stephen D. Steinour* n Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP Beneficial Bank ^ Stanley B. Tulin* MEMBERSHIP The Board of Directors of City Trusts^ PECO Constitution Guardian membership Connelly Foundation^ Staff Contributions Philadelphia Coca-Cola Bottling Co. recognizes individuals and donors F.M. Kirby Foundation, Inc. Hugh O. Allen The Philadelphia Inquirer who contribute $500 to $999 Pennsylvania State Education Tanya Barrientos Stanley B. Tulin* annually toward the Center’s Monica Cawvey Association Liberty Sponsors museum operations, programs Christina Chagin R.K. Mellon Family Foundation Terrence J. English and educational outreach. n Lauren Cristella Verizon Christine Donnelly Constitution Guardians The William Penn Foundation The Katz Foundation* Jane Eisner $500 to $999 The James and Agnes Kim $25,000-$49,999 Karen Kennedy Fink Mr. and Mrs. Brett H. Altman Foundation* The Charitable Fund at Steve Frank Jim and Janet Averill Liberty Property Trust the Vanguard Charitable Dawn Krause Drs. Marie Uberti Benz and Robert Benz , LLP n Endowment Program Lois Kyler Don and Katherine M. Blenko Progressive Business Publications Council for Excellence in Government Laura A. Linton Mr. and Mrs. Lammot Copeland, Jr. Alan* and Louise Reed The Graham Company^ Patrice Martin Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Decker Reed Smith, LLP n Institute of Museum and Robin T. Morris Beverly A. Farrell, Esq. The Rittenhouse Hotel Library Services^ Maureen O’Connell Mrs. Victoria B. Fisher Sovereign Bank Lincoln Financial Foundation Dora Smith Honorable Vincent J. Fumo* n Mr.* and Mrs. Stephen Steinour Macy’s Inc. Christine A. Spencer Honorable Robert W. Godshall* Stradley, Ronon, Stevens & Young, LLP McLean Contributionship Joseph Torsella* Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. McCarthy Partnership to Fight Chronic Disease Bradford White Jay and Weezie McLaughlin Pennsylvania Historical and 2008 Liberty Medal Mr.* and Mrs. Richard Worley Mrs. John. P. Millar Museum Commission Jeanette and Joseph Neubauer Gala Chairs Freedom Sponsors PMX Industries, Inc. n Mr. C. Edward Peck Daniel K. Fitzpatrick Bank of America PNC Foundation^ Mr. and Mrs. Gary Porter Lawrence J. Kent* John* and Eve Bogle PREIT^ Mr. and Mrs. Michael J. Robinson Ira Lubert* Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brasler Shire Pharmaceuticalsn Ms. Elizabeth Sachs and Mr. Len Kolsky Stephen D. Steinour* CIGNA Richard and Dolores Scuderi $10,000-$24,999 Amy and Paul Kochis Liberty Medal Celebration Sponsors Mr. David Seltzer and Ms. Lisa Roberts The Boeing Company Chris Larson* Dorrance H. Hamilton Charitable Edward, Sandra, and Cephalon, Inc.n Jes and Mary Ann Lawson III Lead Trust Karen Tomaszewski Cozen O’Connorn H.F. (Gerry) Lenfest Ira Lubert* and Independence Mrs. Barbara Travaglini Ernst and Young LLPn McCormick Foundation Capital Partners Joanne Ventura and Steven Neuner Hatfield Quality Meats The Philadelphia Eagles n Pincus Family Foundation TD Bank President’s Reception Sponsor Corporations, Mr. and Mrs. John C. Whitehead Citizens Bank Foundations, $5,000-$9,999 Lynn H. Yeakel Organizations and Brokerage Concepts, Inc. Changing history, Embracing Patriot Sponsors Public Entities Comcast Corporation freedom Sponsors Frederick Anton Anonymous $1,000,000-$4,999,999 $1,000-$5,000 Dr. Valerie A. Arkoosh and The Coca-Cola Company Bank of America Charitable American Institute for History Education Mr. Jeff Harbison n Richard* and Helen DeVos Foundation Foundation ^ Barra Foundation Lynda Barness Mr.* and Mrs. Lawrence J. Kent The Maurice R. Robinson Fund, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. George D. Bell Mrs. J. Maxwell Moran

Donor Key List: *Trustee n Corporate Council Member ^ Multi-year pledge + Deceased u Staff

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report 27 GIFTS AND GRANTS

David Boies* and Mary Boies Additional Support From $50,000 to $99,999 Mr.* and Mrs. Russell E. Palmer Richard P. Brown, Jr. CBS 3 and The CW Philly 57 Anonymous Mr. and Mrs. Stuart J. Rabin Sarah Miller Coulson and City of Philadelphia Mr.* and Mrs. John C. Bogle Alan* and Louise Reed Frank L. Coulson, Jr. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Mary and David* Boies Mr. and Mrs. George Strawbridge, Jr. Joe* and Loretta Duckworth Richard* and Helen DeVos Foundation Dr. John M. Templeton, Jr. Jane and Paul* Heintz Ben W. Heineman, Jr.* Ambassador Peter Terpeluk* Marina Kats Fiscal Year Lawrence J.* and Mary A. Kent Stanley B. Tulin* Margy Ellin Meyerson Ted* and Stevie Wolf THE 1787 SOCIETY Mr.* and Mrs. William G. Paul 2007 $25,000 to $49,999 Named for the year the Constitution Vivian Piasecki* Anonymous was written and signed, the 1787 Pricewaterhouse Coopers, LLP Unrestricted Gifts Shahara Ahmad-Llewellyn* Society recognizes annual donors Dr. and Mrs. Milton L. Rock and Grants Audrey and Yale* Asbell who contribute $1,000-$24,999 John Ryan and Mary Gregg President* and Mrs. George H.W. Bush in support of the National Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Sylk CHAIRMAN’S CIRCLE Douglas and Maria DeVos Foundation Constitution Center. Ambassador Peter Terpeluk* The Chairman’s Circle recognizes individual donors and family Andre V. Duggin* Michelle Thomson The Presidents’ Circle + foundations who contribute $25,000 Joseph and Marie Field Lorine E. Vogt $10,000 to $24,999 or more annually in support of the Honorable Peter G. Fitzgerald* Ted* and Stevie Wolf Mr. and Mrs. J. Mahlon Buck, Jr. National Constitution Center. Dr. Amy Gutmann* Gordon Yasniow Sarah Miller Coulson and Frank L. Meg and Dick Hayne $500,000 and above Coulson, Jr. Donations Linda E. Johnson* Samuel I. Newhouse Foundation^ Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Fox Bank of America Lewis Katz Grandchildren’s Trust Elizabeth H. Gemmill Ms. Julia Frick Marguerite and Gerry Lenfest $100,000 to $499,999 Phoebe W. Haas Charitable Trust/ William A. Graham IV Paul S. Levy*/Paul and Karen Levy Hamilton Family Foundation^ Carole and Emilio Gravagno John C. and Chara C. Haas Family Foundation Kenneth G. and Elaine A. Langone^ Sidney* and Caroline Kimmel Parkway Corporation Mrs. J. Maxwell Moran Honorable and Mrs. Frederic V. Malek^ Mr. and Mrs. Louis Nicozisis^

CONSTITUTIONAL CROSSINGS ACROSS 42 Nebraska city 9 Like the leader of 1 Eban of Israel 43 Heads of the House the Senate, as per 5 “Excessive ___ shall 46 Come to Article I not be required”: 47 22-Down, to 10 Rational Eighth Amendment Lafayette 11 Champagne bucket 9 Pitchfork-shaped 48 Lion’s home 12 Jeans joint letters 49 Subject of the 15 “... nor shall be 13 Crescent-shaped Nineteenth compelled in any letters Amendment criminal case to be 14 Veep who in 1972 57 Notorious czar a ___ against said “There is room 58 Like Poe stories himself”: Fifth for all of us—and 59 Course of events Amendment for our divergent 61 Bill stamp 21 Did some views—under the 62 Patriotic bird shoemaking work First Amendment” 63 Like years in which 22 Place for the U.S.S. 16 The Fifteenth House members Constitution Amendment are elected 25 River transports prohibits denying 64 Stately trees 26 ___ in the bucket the right to vote 65 Golfer’s needs 27 Fashion designer based on it 66 Transmit Geoffrey 17 Brewed beverages 28 Items used onstage 18 “Vive ___!” (old DOWN 29 Some whistle French cry) 1 Congress creation blowers 19 High draft rating 2 Horn sound 30 Unpromising 20 Subject of the 3 “... the right of 31 Café con ___ Twenty-Second the people to 32 Patriot Allen Amendment keep and ___ 34 Arab chieftain: Var. 23 Work wk. start Arms shall not be 37 Administer 24 Maiden name infringed”: Second 38 “The Congress shall preceder Amendment have ___ to lay and Answer on Page 31 25 Unruly mob 4 “... the right of the collect taxes on 28 Constitution’s people peaceably incomes”: Sixteenth introduction to ___ ...” : First Amendment 33 Fred Astaire’s sister Amendment 39 Issues out 49 Use a sponge 54 Dossier 56 Genesis setting 34 Greek god of war 5 Irving Berlin’s real 44 Modifies, as the 50 Shape of a White 55 “He shall from 60 “... shall ___ at 35 Give permission to last name Constitution House office time to time ___ noon on the 20th 36 A subject of the First 6 Like some cheddar 45 Documentary 51 Hurt badly to the Congress day of January ...”: Amendment 7 Concerning filmmaker Burns 52 Membership in Information of the Twentieth 40 Massive weight 8 Clinton chief of staff 46 Certain campaign Congress State of the Union”: Amendment 41 Big shots Panetta costs 53 Incite Article II

28 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report

CROSSWORD ANSWER Mr.* and Mrs. William G. Paul Paul and Marcia Woodruff MEMBERSHIP $25,000-$49,999 Vivian Weyerhauser Piasecki* Constitution Guardian membership The ARAMARK Charitable The Constitution Circle Thomas O. Stanley recognizes individuals and donors Fund at the Vanguard Charitable $1,000 to $1,786 who contribute $500 to $999 Endowment Program The Signers’ Circle Anonymous (3) annually toward the Center’s Beneficial Bank $5,000 to $9,999 Dr. and Mrs. Todd Albert museum operations, programs Cephalon, Inc Andrew Allen Foundation per Dr. Valerie Arkoosh and Mr. and educational outreach. F.M. Kirby Foundation Arlin M. Adams Jeffrey Harbison Forest City Ratner Companies William J. Avery Ms. Lynda Barness Constitution Guardian Pennsylvania Historical and Alexander and Sara Buck Judge Phyllis W. and Dr. Aaron Beck $500 to $999 Museum Commission Cephalon, Inc. Richard J. Braemer and Amy L. Finkel Jim and Janet Averill PNC Foundation^ Mr.* and Mrs. W. Joseph Duckworth Bob and Sibby Brasler Don and Katherine Blenko PREIT^ Mr. and Mrs. Walter R. Garrison Donald E. Callaghan Jean G. Bodine Save Darfur Coalition Julia and Steve* Harmelin Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Cardwell, Esq. Ms. Kay Clausen Shire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Jane and Paul* Heintz Gilbert* and Ada Casellas Patricia Q. Connolly Mr. and Mrs. Joel S. Lawson III Monica Cawveyu Dr. Nicholas D. Constan, Jr. $5,000-$9,999 Mr. Peter C. Madeja D. Walter Cohen Mr. and Mrs. Lammot Copeland, Jr. The New York Community Trust Governor Edward G. Rendell* and Ed and Judy Coslett Daria and Marc Fink Wachovia^ Honorable Marjorie O. Rendell Robert S. De Martino Mrs. Victoria B. Fisher Wachovia Regional Foundation Derrick* and Chevelle Roman Kevin F. Donohoe Henry L. Gates, Jr., Ph.D* $1,000-$4,999 Mr.* and Mrs. William A. Slaughter Jack E. Feinberg Honorable Robert W. Godshall* Barra Foundation Judge Dolores K. Sloviter* Arlene Fickler Mr. Richard Goldbeck, Jr. The Maurice R. Robinson Fund, Inc. Steinour Family Foundation* The Richard J. Fox Foundation Mr. Terrence S. Hahn The Philadelphia Coca Cola Judith Rodin and Paul Verkuil* James M. Gassaway, II Walter Isaacson* Bottling Company David and Donna Gerson Donald C. Klawiter, Esq. The Delegates’ Circle Honorable* and Mrs. Slade Gorton Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. McCarthy Restricted Gifts $2,500 to $4,999 Mr. and Mrs. Mark Haslam Mrs. John P. Millar and Grants Suzanne and Norman Cohn Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin R. Neilson William and Karen Hires Anonymous (2) Alice G. Gosfield and Edward F. Shay Martha S. Price Craig and Margaret Johnson Abington Friends School Katherine Hatton and Richard Bilotti Mr. and Mrs. Michael J. Robinson Henry K. and Helen M. Justi The Annenberg Foundation Mr. Lawrence T. Hoyle, Jr. Richard and Dolores Scuderi Steve and Mary Sue Kitchen Lawrence J.* and Mary A. Kent^ Arthur and Angela Paige Kania Karen Sebo Carolyn P. Langfitt John S. and James L. Knight Dr. and Mrs. Jay H. Kleiman Edward, Sandra, and Augusta Yuengling Leininger Foundation Michelle Thomson Karen Tomaszewski William L. Leonard Mel Lindauer Chris Whittle* S. Gerald and Arlene F. Litvin National Endowment for Ruth and Morris Williams, Jr. Corporations, Mr. and Mrs. A. Bruce Mainwaring Foundations, the Humanities^ The 1787 Circle Mr. John Medveckis Organizations Mr.* and Mrs. William G. Paul $1,787 to $2,499 David and Lyn Montgomery and Public Entities The Pew Charitable Trusts^ Carol Baker and Mark Stein Ann Ralls Freeman Murrah, Staff Contributions Dr.* and Mrs. Richard R. Beeman President General Descendants of $1,000,000 to $4,999,999 Monica Cawvey John Binswanger the Signers of the Constitution Bank of America Charitable Jane Eisner Richard P. Brown, Jr. Stephanie and Michael Naidoff Foundation^ Karen Kennedy Fink Steve and Joy Dittman Sharron and Earl O’Connor National Endowment for Steve Frank Toni and Bob Garrison Lawrence and Catherine Palmer the Humanities^ Lois Kyler Anne B. Garthwaite-Kishbaugh David and Helen Pudlin u $200,000 to $499,999 Laura A. Linton Laura A. Linton ^ Ann and Frank Reed The Pew Charitable Trusts^ Robin T. Morris Gracie and Ned Madeira Barbara and Scott Renninger The Starr Foundation Donna Pirollo Meg and Jamie McLane Daniel L. Ridout III, M.D. The William Penn Foundation^ Dora Smith Dr. Carol Melvin Pate and Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Romano Eileen Rosenau Joseph Torsella* Dr. John Melvin $100,000-$199,999 Clyde and Dolores Rush Jeanette and Joseph Neubauer Bloomberg Information Ernest Scheller 2007 Liberty Medal Patrick J. O’Connor Television/Radio^ Robert Silverman and Randi Leavitt Pitcairn Trust Company Citizens Bank^ Liberty Medal Karen and Jon Sirlin Jay and Gretchen Riley Independence Blue Cross^ Celebration Sponsors Mr. and Mrs. E. Newbold Smith Lyn and George Ross Macy’s Inc. Ira Lubert, Independence + Mr. and Mrs. Paul R. Staley Isadore M. Scott Wachovia Foundation^ Capital Partners Robert A. Stein John and Dee Sickler Brian O’Neill and O’Neill Properties Joseph*u and Carolyn Torsella Leon C. Sunstein, Jr. $50,000-$99,999 Donald and Bebe Warren Mr. Gordon Yasinow Comcast Foundation

Donor Key List: *Trustee n Corporate Council Member ^ Multi-year pledge + Deceased u Staff

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report 29 GIFTS AND GRANTS

Gala Dinner Sponsor John M. Ryan and Mary G. Gregg Wachovia Houghton-Carpenter Foundation SAP America, Inc. Wolf, Block, Schorr and William Penn Foundation Independence Blue Cross Solis-Cohen, LLP Ted and Stevie Wolf Linda E. Johnson* and Harold W. Pote+ President’s Reception Sponsor Mr. Gordon Yasinow Kaiserman Company Citizens Bank $500,000 to $999,999 / Framers Peter S. Kalikow Donations Anonymous Voices for Liberty Sponsors Kenneth G. and Elaine A. Langone William J. Avery Mr.* and Mrs. John C. Bogle Richard* and Helen DeVos Foundation Christian R. & Mary F. Lindback John C. and Chara C. Haas Suzanne and Norman Cohn The Galbraith Family* Foundation Steve and Courtney Kapp The Ford Foundation Maple Hill Foundation Mr. Elbridge F. Stockwell Doug and Andrea Forrester and Family Independence Sponsors The McLean Contributionship Alexander, Ryan, Briana Shahara Ahmad-Llewellyn* Jeanette and Joseph Neubauer The History Channel Aramark Ortho Biotech Kent Foundation* The Beasley Firm, LLC We the PECO, an Company The James and Agnes Kim Foundation* Cephalon Pennsylvania Society of Sons of the Robert L. McNeil, Jr. Comcast Family of Companies People Capital Revolution and the Color Guard Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP Dilworth Paxson LLP and Raymond and Ruth Perelman Mr. * and Mrs. Russell Palmer Holt Logistics Philadelphia Stock Exchange Campaign Ted and Vada Stanley Wm. “Tom” Gerrard and Louise and Alan* Reed The Richard O. Ullman Mario A. Duhon We recognize, in honor of the Center’s Ed Satell Family Foundation Linda E. Johnson, Esq.* fifth anniversary, the support of Adele and Harold Schaeffer Mr.* and Mrs. Lawrence J. Kent our founding family who made the $250,000 to $499,999 / Founders John J.F. and Kathleen C. Sherrerd Mr. and Mrs. Maurice D. Kent construction of the building possible The Arcadia Foundation Sony Electronics Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Joel S. Lawson III through their generous gifts to the The Barra Foundation, Inc. Sony Pictures Entertainment Morgan Lewis & Bockius, LLP We the People Campaign. Mr. and Mrs. Alexander K. Buck, Sr. Turner Construction Company Team Clean, Inc. Corporation $1,000,000 and above / Signers Mr. and Mrs. J. Mahlon Buck, Jr. Stanley Tulin* Dr. P. Roy and Diana Vagelos Anonymous (3) Mr. and Mrs. William C. Buck The Coca-Cola Company Liberty Sponsors Shahara Ahmad-Llewellyn* and $50,000 to $99,999 / Patriots Joseph and Marie Field J. Bruce Llewellyn ACE INA Foundation Albert A. Garthwaite, Jr.v Dr. Amy Gutmann* The Annenberg Foundation American Board of Trial GE Foundation Liberty Property Trust City of Philadelphia Advocates Foundation Lynne and Harold Honickman PECO Comcast and The Comcast Foundation AmQuip Corporation Knight Ridder/The Philadelphia Philadelphia Convention Commonwealth of Pennsylvania William J. and Sharon L. Avery Inquirer and Daily News and Visitors Bureau Delaware River Port Authority Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP The Philadelphia Coca-Cola Vivian Piasecki* Richard* and Helen DeVos Foundation Letitia C. Biddle Bottling Company Progressive Business Publications Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation Lois and Julian Brodsky Mr. and Mrs.* Frank N. Piasecki Mr. Alan Reed* and Dorrance H. Hamilton Richard P. Brown, Jr. Hon. Edward G. Rendell* and Mr. Richard Worley* Charitable Trust Castle Rock Foundation Hon. Marjorie O. Rendelll Mr. A. E. Wolf* Hattersley Family Foundation Betsy and Edward Cohen Company The Sidney Kimmel Foundation Dilworth Paxson LLP Freedom Tickets Starpoint Charitable Trust F.M. Kirby Foundation, Inc. Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP John C. Bogle* John S. and James L. Knight LLP Mr. Dan Fitzpatrick $100,000 to $249,999 / Delegates Foundation W. Joseph* and Loretta C. Duckworth Mr. and Mrs.* Alan Hall The ARAMARK Charitable Fund Marguerite and Gerry Lenfest The Graham Company Lynne and Harold Honickman Blank Rome LLP Lincoln Financial Group Otto Haas Charitable Trust Mr.* and Mrs. Russell E. Palmer The Byers Foundation Mellon Financial Corporation Fund Mr.* and Mrs. Paul C. Heintz PMX Industries, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Castle, II The J. Maxwell Moran Family Hogan & Hartson LLP Mr. Wayne Spilove Chichester duPont Foundation, Inc. Oxford Foundation, Inc. and Bruce and Eileen Hooper Mr. and Mrs. Lewis D. Walker Citizens Bank Foundation The Ware Family Arthur and Angela Paige Kania Patriot Sponsors Connelly Foundation The Pew Charitable Trusts Honorable William F. Keller Mary and Peter Austen Cozen O’Connor Safeguard Scientifics, Inc. Kline & Specter Anthony J. Conti Evelyn S. and Rodney D. Day III Thomas O. Stanley Mayer, Brown, Rowe and Maw LLP Sarah and Frank Coulson LLP Margaret Dorrance Strawbridge McCarter & English, LLP Cozen O’Connor Donna Lawrence Productions Foundation of PA, I, Inc. The Merck Company Foundation Exude Benefits Group, Inc. Loren Eng and Dinakar Singh Dr. John M. Templeton, Jr. Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. Honorable Peter G. Fitzgerald* Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Fox United States Department Leslie Miller and Richard Worley* Macy’s Lawrence M. Gelb Foundation of Education Mr. and Mrs. James M. Moran, Jr. The Philadelphia Eagles Dorothy Tapper Goldman United States Department and Family Emily and Matt Ryan John and Chara Haas of the Interior Pepper Hamilton LLP Mr. and Mrs. Henry F. Harris

Donor Key List: *Trustee n Corporate Council Member ^ Multi-year pledge + Deceased u Staff v In Memory of l In Honor of

30 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report PNC Bank Obermayer Rebmann Maxwell Mr. and Mrs. James O. Garrison Philip Pricev Reed Smith LLP & Hippel LLP Toni and Bob Garrison Ralph Appelbaum Associates, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Edward C. Rorer PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Wm. “Tom” Gerrard Claire and Bob Reichlin Saul Ewing LLP Judith Rodin and Paul Verkuil* Mrs. William Gerstley II Jerry Reinsdorf CONSTITUTIONAL CROSSINGS Schnader Harrison Segal Ropes & Gray LLP Joseph K. Gordon Ed and Midge Rendell ACROSS 42 Nebraska city 9 Like the leader of & Lewis LLP 1 Eban of Israel Shearman 43 Heads & Sterling of the HousLLPe the SenateSharon, as per and Allan Gordon Mr. and Mrs. Derrick A. Roman Sidley Austin Brown & 5 Wood “Excessi LLPve ___ shallSkadden, 46 Come Arps, to Slate, Meagher Article CaroleI and Emilio Gravagno Mr. and Mrs. Gerald B. Rorer not be required”: 47 22-Down, to 10 Rational Mr. and Mrs. James M. StewartEighth Amendment & FlomLa LLPfayett e 11 ChampagneClare bu andck etVartan Gregorian Jeffrey and Dianne Rotwitt Lewis H. Van Dusen, Jr.,9 PitchfEsq. or k-shapedHonorable 48 Lion Dolores’s home K. Sloviter 12 Jeans joinAlmat Hebel Haglund PhD, RN Honorable Robert A. Rovner and letters 49 Subject of the 15 “... nor shall be and Dr. Ruth Patrick 13 Van Crescent-shaped Dusen Stradley RononNineteenth Stevens & compelledThomas in any Skelton Harrison Sherrie Savett Rovner Verizon Foundation letters Young,Amendmen LLP t criminal caseFoundation to be The Ambassador Peter F. + 14 Veep who +in 1972 57 Notorious czar a ___ against William T. Vogt and Lorinesaid E. “T Vogthere is roomSutherland 58 Like Asbill Poe stor & Brennanies LLPhimsel f”Tony: Fifth and Lynn Hitschler Secchia Family West, A Thomson Businessfor all of us—andWilliam 59 andCourse Gabriele of events Sweidel AmendmentOsagie and Losenge Imasogie, Esq. Tanker Family Charitable for our divergent 61 Bill stamp 21 Did some Wolf, Block, Schorr and views—under theUGI Corporation 62 Patriotic bi rd shoemakingJackson wo rkWalker LLP Foundation Solis-Cohen LLP First AmendmentVinson” 63 & Li Elkinske years LLP in wh ich 22 Place foMr.r the and U.S. Mrs.S. Victor L. Johnson Joseph* u and Carolyn Torsella 16 The Fifteenth House members Constitution Amendment White andar eWilliams elected LLP 25 River trGeneralansports George A. Joulwan UBS Financial Services Inc. $25,000 to $49,999 / Governors prohibits denyingSari Wolk’s 64 State Sonly trees 26 ___ in the buckand Familyet Bob and Cheri Vander Weide Arlin and Neysa Adams the right to vote 65 Golfer’s needs 27 Fashion designer based on it Richard 66 E. Tr andansmit Diane Dalto WoosnamGeoffr eyKise Straw & Kolodner Foundation Aqua America, Inc. 17 Brewed beverages 28 Items usedKlett onsta Rooneyge Lieber & Schorling, P.C. Donald and Bebe Warren Arnold & Porter LLP 18 “Vive ___!” (old $10,000 toDO $24,999WN / Ratifiers 29 Some whistle French cry) 1 Congress creation blowers v Morton M. and Barbara C. Kligerman Faith and Sol Weiss and Children Felicity R. and Peter 19A. HighBenoliel draft ratingAnonymous 2 Horn (4) soun d 30 Unpromising Mr. and Mrs. Joel S. Lawson III Mr. and Mrs. Raymond H. Welsh Boies, Schiller & Flexner 20 Subject LLP of the Alumni 3 Association“... the right ofof the 31 Café con ___ Twenty-Second the people to 32 Patriot AlleAugustan Yuengling Leininger Ruth W. and A. Morris Williams, Jr. Susan W. and Cummins Amendment Trainingkeep School and ___ for Nurses 34of Arab chieftain: Va r. Levin, Fishbein, Sedran & Berman Paul and Marcia Woodruff Catherwood, Jr. 23 Work wk. start the PhiladelphiaArms shall General not be Hospital 37 Administer 24 Maiden name infringed”: Second 38 “The CongRobertress andshall Rochelle Levy Chadbourne & Parke LLPpr eceder AmericanAmendmen Express Companyt have ___ to lay and Answer on Page 31 25 Unruly mob 4 “... the right of the collect Rutledgetaxes on Richardson and Richard B. and Lynne A. Cheney Charles L.+ and Dorothea A. Andes 28 Constitution’s people peaceably incomes”: Noel Sixteenth Doepke Liles The Clayton Fund introduction Claire andto Murray___ ...” : First Baron l Amendment 33 Fred Astaire’s sister Amendment 39 Issues ouS. tGerald and Arlene 49 Use aF. spong Litvine 54 Dossier 56 Genesis setting Debbie and Michael Coslov Honorable Barbara McConnell 34 Greek god of war 5 Irving Berlin’s real 44 ModifiesLoeb, as the Partners 50Corporation Shape of a White 55 “He shall from 60 “... shall ___ at Sarah and Frank Coulson 35 Gi ve permission to Barrettlast name Constitution House office time to time ___ noon on the 20th 36 A subject of the First 6 Like some cheddar 45 DocumentaChristinary and Jeffrey 51 Hurt badlLuriey to the Congress day of January ...”: Covington & Burling Marshall A. and Gladys B. Bernstein Amendment 7 Concerning filmmakeDavidr Burn G.s Marshall 52 Membership and in Information of the Twentieth Cravath, Swaine & Moore 40 Massi LLPve weight Berwind 8 ClintonGroup chief of staff 46 Certain campaign Congress State of the Union”: Amendment 41 Big shots Panetta costs Sandra G. Marshall 53 Incite Article II , Inc. The Binswanger Foundation Max & Me Catering Davis Polk & Wardwell David Boies, Esq.* Mr. and Mrs. Thomas B. McCabe III Foundation of the American Brinks Hofer Gilson & Lione The McCausland Foundation College of Trial Lawyers John and Robin Burch Mr. and Mrs. Alan Roberts Fox Rothschild LLP Mr. and Mrs. Jay H. Calvert, Jr. McFarland, Jr. Fulbright & Jaworski LLP Gilbert and Ada Casellas Mrs. George Conrad McFarland Elbridge T. Gerry, Jr. Honorable Ida K. Chen Mr. and Mrs. George C. McFarland, Jr. Good Samaritan, Inc. D. Walter Cohen James W. McLane Goodwin Procter LLP Rhonda and David Cohen McManis Faulkner & Morgan Irvin Green Family Foundation D’Angelo Brothers, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Donald E. Meads Mr. and Mrs. W. Perry Gresh John F. and Margie C. D’Aprix The Merriam-Lockyer Family Hangley Aronchick Segal & Pudlin John and Cina Daskalakis Harvey M. Meyerhoff Fund Julia and Stephen* Harmelin Harold and Eleanor Davis Mr. and Mrs. John A. Miller CROSSWORD ANSWER Robert P. and Barbara D. Hauptfuhrer Mr. and Mrs. John M. Denlinger Milton, Leach, Whitman, Hess Foundation, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Clyde E. DeShields D’Andrea, Charek & Milton, P.A. Marjorie Katzl Daniel and Pamella DeVos Mr. and Mrs. Michael Moran Mr. and Mrs. Frank P. Louchheim Dick and Betsy DeVos Mr. and Mrs. Ranney Moran Gracie and Ned Madeira Douglas* and Maria DeVos Hilary and Pete Musser Irving Laurence Mazerv Tobey and Mark Dichter Neil Oxman, Esq. McCormick Tribune Foundation Mario A. Duhon Paone Woodworking Corporation Margarett F. and Sam S. McKeel Carolyn and Joseph M. Evans, Jr. William G. and Barbara Paul Joseph Payne Milton Ewing Cole Architects C. E. “Ted” and Delphine Montgomery McCracken Walker and Engineers Murphy Peck & Rhoads LLP John F. Falcetta Pennsylvania Bar Association Morgan Stanley Barbara J. Floodv The Philadelphia Bar Association The Lizabeth and Frank Newman Geraldine and Richard J. Fox David and Geraldine Pincus Charitable Foundation Gay Hart Gaines PQ Corporation

list current as of February 3, 2009

NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report 31 ADVISORY BOARDS

The Peter Jennings Project for Journalists and the Constitution Advisory Board

Guido Calabresi Jane Eisner Elena Kagan Richard Stengel Judge Editor-In-Chief Dean Managing Editor U.S. Court of Appeals Forward Harvard Law School Time magazine Second Circuit Sterling Professor Emeritus Ruth Bader Ginsburg Judith Kaye David Westin Yale Law School Associate Justice Chief Judge President U. S. Supreme Court Court of Appeals, New York (ret.) ABC News Geoffrey Cowan Annenberg Family Chair in Alberto Ibarguen Ted Koppel Communication Leadership President and CEO Managing Editor USC Annenberg School John S. and James L. Knight Discovery Channel Foundation for Communication John Lewis John C. Danforth Kayce Freed Jennings U.S. Representative, Georgia U.S. Senator, Missouri, (ret.) Co-Founder U.S. Ambassador to the The Documentary Group (ret.) Distinguished Scholars Advisory Panel

Gordon S. Wood (Chair) John E. Fleming Sanford Levinson Harold Skramstad Professor of History Emeritus Vice President of Museums Emeritus Professor of Law Director (ret.) Brown University Cincinnati Museum Center University of Texas Law School Henry Ford Museum

Richard R. Beeman (Vice Chair) Brent Glass William E. Nelson Nancy W. Streim Professor of History Director Professor of Law Associate Vice President University of Pennsylvania National Museum of Law School Teachers College American History Akhil Reed Amar Smithsonian Institution Sandra Day O’Connor Professor of Law Justice (ret.) Kathleen M. Sullivan Yale University Law School Sarah B. Gordon United States Supreme Court Professor of Law Professor Stanford Law School Michael Les Benedict University of Pennsylvania Jack N. Rakove Professor of History Emeritus Law School Professor of History Cass Sunstein The Ohio State University and American Studies Professor of Law Sheldon Hackney Stanford University Harvard Law School Stephen Breyer Professor of History Justice University of Pennsylvania Michael J. Sandel G. Alan Tarr United States Supreme Court Professor of Government Director James Horton Harvard University Center for State Lonnie Bunch Professor of History Emeritus Constitutional Studies Director George Washington University Antonin Scalia Rutgers University National Museum of African Justice American History & Culture Stanley N. Katz United States Supreme Court John Yoo Professor Professor of Law Spencer Crew Woodrow Wilson School Kim Scheppele Boalt Hall School of Law Professor of History Princeton University Director, Program in Law University of California at Berkeley George Mason University and Public Affairs Linda K. Kerber Princeton University Rex Ellis Professor of History Associate Director University of Iowa Reva Siegel for Curatorial Affairs Professor of Law National Museum of African Douglas W. Kmiec Yale Law School American History & Culture Professor of Law Pepperdine University School of Law

32 NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER 2008 Annual Report

American History. Part two.

First came the revolution. Then came a revolutionary document. Come explore the Constitution, then and now, in a museum that’s amazingly unexpected. And right up the Mall from the Bell and the Hall.

INDEPENDENCE MALL 525 ARCH ST. CONSTITUTIONCENTER.ORG 215.409.6700