DOCSLIB.ORG

Wim Kortenoeven

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Wim Kortenoeven De activistisch anti-Israelische AIV verduistert de werkelijkheid van het Arabisch/islamitisch conflict met Israel een becommentariëring van "Tussen Woord en Daad" Perspectieven op Duurzame Vrede in het Midden-Oosten Advies nr. 83, 21 maart 2013 van de Adviesraad Internationale Vraagstukken (officieel gepresenteerd op 16 april 2013) Wim Kortenoeven Midden-Oosten specialist en voormalig lid van de Tweede Kamer der Staten-Generaal juni/september 2013 2 Leden Adviesraad Internationale Vraagstukken Voorzitter Mr. F. Korthals Altes Vicevoorzitter Prof.dr. W.J.M. van Genugten Leden Mw. prof.dr. J. Gupta Mw. dr. P.C. Plooij-van Gorsel Prof.dr. A. van Staden LGen b.d. M.L.M. Urlings Mw. mr. H.M. Verrijn Stuart Prof.dr.ir. J.J.C. Voorhoeve Secretaris Drs. T.D.J. Oostenbrink [email protected] Postbus 20061 2500 EB Den Haag telefoon 070 - 348 5108/6060 fax 070 - 348 6256 www.AIV-Advies.nl Leden gecombineerde Commissie Midden-Oosten Voorzitter Prof.dr. A. van Staden Leden Dr. B.S.M. Berendsen Dr. N. van Dam Prof.dr. W.J.M. van Genugten Mr. F. Korthals Altes Mw. mr. H.M. Verrijn Stuart Secretaris Mw. drs. A.M.C. Wester Drs. T.D.J. Oostenbrink 3 Inhoudsopgave Inleidende citaten AIV 5 Inleidende informatie Kortenoeven 6 Voorwoord bij de becommentarieerde versie 11 Samenvatting van de kritiek op het AIV-advies 12 Woord vooraf (AIV) 13 I Het Israëlisch-Palestijnse conflict in perspectief 61 I.1 Het vredesproces 61 I.2 Het juridisch kader 95 II Veranderingen in de regionale en mondiale context 113 II.1 De regionale context 113 II.2 De mondiale context 120 III Scenario’s en mogelijkheden voor toenadering 123 IV Actoren en initiatieven 135 V De rol van Nederland 145 VI Samenvatting en aanbevelingen 151 Bijlage I Adviesaanvraag 158 Bijlage II Kaart van Israël en de bezette Palestijnse gebieden 160 Bijlage III Lijst van gebruikte afkortingen 161 Eindnoten 162 4 ‘… my definition of a tragedy is a clash between right and right. And in this respect, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been a tragedy, a clash between one very powerful, very convincing, very painful claim over this land and another no less powerful, no less convincing claim.’1 Amos Oz in een interview op 23 januari 2002 door PBS Newshour, ‘Coping with Conflict: Israeli Author Amos Oz’. ‘We are willing to live side by side on the land and share the promise of the future. Sharing, however, requires two partners willing to share as equals. Mutuality and reciprocity must replace domination and hostility for there to be genuine reconciliation and coexistence under international legality. Your security and ours are mutually dependent, as intertwined as the fears and nightmares of our children.’2 Haidar Abdul-Shafi, sprekend namens het Palestijnse volk tijdens de Vredesconferentie in Madrid in oktober 1991. 5 TOEGEVOEGD DOOR KORTENOEVEN BIJ DE BECOMMENTARIËRING: “…Even today we see how the Muslim residents of Damascus force the Jews who live under their auspices to sign a document in which they are forbidden to send food to their Jewish brothers who are suffering from the disaster in Palestine, the situation of the Jews in Palestine being the strongest and most concrete proof of the importance of the religious problem among the Muslim Arabs toward anyone who does not belong to Islam. Those good Jews, who have brought to the Muslim Arabs civilization and peace, and have spread wealth and prosperity to the land of Palestine, have not hurt anyone and have not taken anything by force, and nevertheless the Muslims have declared holy war against them and have not hesitated to slaughter their children and their women despite the fact that England is in Palestine and France is in Syria. Therefore a black future awaits the Jews and the other minorities if the Mandate is cancelled and Muslim Syria is unified with Muslim Palestine. This union is the ultimate goal of the Muslim Arabs.” Uit een brief aan de Franse premier Léon Blum, van de Syrische Alawietenleiders Aziz Agha al-Hawash, Mahmud Agha Jadid, Mahmud Bek Jadid, Suleiman Assad [grootvader van de huidige Syrische president Bashar al-Assad], Suleiman al-Murshid en Mahmud Suleiman al- Ahmadaan (15 juni 1936).1 “When I first saw it in 1920 it was a desolation. Four of five small and squalid Arab villages, long distances apart from one another, could be seen on the summits of the low hills here and there. For the rest, the country was uninhabited. There was not a house, not a tree… about 51 square miles of the valley have now been purchased by the Jewish National Fund. Twenty schools have been opened. There is an Agricultural Training College for women in one village and a hospital in another. All the swamps and marshes within the area that has been colonized have been drained. The whole aspect of the valley has been changed… in the spring the fields of vegetables or of cereals cover many miles of the land, and what five years ago was little better than a wilderness is being transformed before our eyes into smiling countryside.” Uit een rapport van de Britse High Commissioner of Palestine, Sir Herbert Samuel, over het Britse bestuur over het mandaatgebied Palestina, 22 april 1925.2 1 Geciteerd door Mordechai Kedar (2012 in): Assad’s Grandfather’s 1936 Letter Predicts Muslim Slaughter of Minorities, Praises Zionists: http://www.jewishpress.com/indepth/analysis/dr-mordechai-kedar/assads-grandfathers- 1936-letter-predicts-muslim-slaughter-of-minorities-praises-zionists/2012/09/20/0/ 2 Martin Gilbert (2005): The Routledge Atlas of the Arab-Israeli conflict (eighth edition). Londen: Routledge, p. 12. 6 TOEGEVOEGD DOOR KORTENOEVEN BIJ DE BECOMMENTARIËRING: “If the Jews left Palestine to us, would we start loving them? Of course not. We will never love them. Absolutely not. The Jews are infidels – not because I say so, and not because they are killing Muslims, but because Allah said: “The Jews say that Uzair is the son of Allah, and the Christians say that Christ is the son of Allah. These are the words from their mouths. They imitate the sayings of the disbelievers before. May Allah fight them. How deluded they are.” It is Allah who said that they are infidels. Your belief regarding the Jews should be, first, that they are infidels, and second, that they are enemies. They are enemies not because they occupied Palestine. They would have been enemies even if they did not occupy a thing. Allah said: “You shall find the strongest men in enmity to the disbelievers [sic] to be the Jews and the polytheists.” Third, you must believe that the Jews will never stop fighting and killing us. They [fight] not for the sake of land and security, as they claim, but for the sake of their religion […]. This is it. We must believe that our fighting with the Jews is eternal, and it will not end until the final battle – and this is the fourth point. You must believe that we will fight, defeat, and annihilate them, until not a single Jew remains on the face of the Earth. It is not me who says so. The Prophet said: “Judgment Day will not come until you fight the Jews and kill them. The Jews will hide behind stones and trees, and the stones and tree will call: Oh Muslim, oh servant of Allah, there is a Jew behind me, come and kill him – except for the Gharqad tree, which is the tree of the Jews.” I have heard that they are planting many of these trees now. [...] As for you Jews – the curse of Allah upon you. The curse of Allah upon you, whose ancestors were apes and pigs. You Jews have sown hatred in our hearts, and we have bequeathed it to our children and grandchildren. You will not survive as long as a single one of us remains. [...] Oh Jews, may the curse of Allah be upon you. Oh Jews... Oh Allah, bring Your wrath, punishment, and torment down upon them. Allah, we pray that you transform them again, and make the Muslims rejoice again in seeing them as apes and pigs. You pigs of the earth! You pigs of the earth! You kill the Muslims with that cold pig [blood] of yours.” De Egyptische moslimgeestelijke Mohammed Hussein Ya’qoub in een toespraak die werd uitgezonden op de Egyptische tv-zender Al-Rahma (17 januari 2009).3 “Israel will exist and will continue to exist until Islam will obliterate it, just as it obliterated others before it." Hassan al-Banna (1906-1949), oprichter van de Moslimbroederschap, geciteerd in het voorwoord van het handvest van Hamas.4 3 MEMRI, video: Egyptian Cleric Muhammad Hussein Ya’qoub: The Jews Are the Enemies of Muslims Regardless of the Occupation of Palestine: http://www.memritv.org/clip/en/2042.htm 4 http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/hamas.asp 7 TOEGEVOEGD DOOR KORTENOEVEN BIJ DE BECOMMENTARIËRING: “As of today, there no longer exists an international emergency force to protect Israel….The sole method we shall apply against Israel is a total war which will result in the extermination of Zionist existence.” Cairo Radio’s ‘Voice of the Arabs’ broadcast (18 May 1967).5 "If Algeria introduced a resolution declaring that the Earth was flat and that Israel had flattened it, it would pass by a vote of 164-13 with 26 abstentions." De Israelische staatsman Abba Eban over de notoire (automatische) anti-Israelische partijdigheid van de Algemene Vergadering van de Verenigde Naties, geciteerd door de Israelische minister van Buitenlandse Zaken Silvan Shalom (2004).6 “The Islamic Resistance Movement believes that the land of Palestine is an Islamic Waqf consecrated for future Moslem generations until Judgement Day.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Israeli Violations' Activities in the Opt 9 October 2017
    Israeli Violations' Activities in the oPt 9 October 2017 The daily report highlights the violations behind Israeli home demolitions and demolition threats The Violations are based on in the occupied Palestinian territory, the reports provided by field workers confiscation and razing of lands, the uprooting and\or news sources. and destruction of fruit trees, the expansion of The text is not quoted directly settlements and erection of outposts, the brutality from the sources but is edited for of the Israeli Occupation Army, the Israeli settlers clarity. violence against Palestinian civilians and properties, the erection of checkpoints, the The daily report does not construction of the Israeli segregation wall and necessarily reflect ARIJ’s opinion. the issuance of military orders for the various Israeli purposes. Brutality of the Israeli Occupation Army • Israeli occupation Army (IOA) deployed at the Qalandiya military crossing between Jerusalem and the occupied West Bank opened fire at two Palestinian women who attempted to cross through the checkpoint on foot using the vehicle lane. The IOA detained the two women and took them in for interrogation. (Maannews 9 October 2017) • Palestinian families from the besieged Gaza Strip were prevented by Israeli authorities from visiting their imprisoned relatives inside Israel. Families stated that they were denied entry to Israel due to border 1 closures for ongoing Jewish holidays in Israel. (Maannews 9 October 2017) • The Israeli occupation army (IOA) targeted and destroyed an outpost in the besieged Gaza Strip, said to be used by the Hamas movement as an observation post. The site targeted by the Israeli shelling was located in the Abu Safiya area east of al-Maghazi refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip.
    [Show full text]
  • Israel's National Religious and the Israeli- Palestinian Conflict
    Leap of Faith: Israel’s National Religious and the Israeli- Palestinian Conflict Middle East Report N°147 | 21 November 2013 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iv I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Religious Zionism: From Ascendance to Fragmentation ................................................ 5 A. 1973: A Turning Point ................................................................................................ 5 B. 1980s and 1990s: Polarisation ................................................................................... 7 C. The Gaza Disengagement and its Aftermath ............................................................. 11 III. Settling the Land .............................................................................................................. 14 A. Bargaining with the State: The Kookists ................................................................... 15 B. Defying the State: The Hilltop Youth ........................................................................ 17 IV. From the Hills to the State ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Tokarska-Bakir the Kraków Pogrom the Kraków Pogrom of 11 August
    Tokarska-Bakir_The Kraków pogrom The Kraków Pogrom of 11 August 1945 against the Comparative Background 1. The aim of the conducted research/the research hypothesis The subject of the project is the analysis of the Kraków pogrom of August 1945 against the background of the preceding similar events in Poland (Rzeszów, June 1945) and abroad (Lviv, June 1945), as well as the Slovak and Hungarian pogroms at different times and places. The undertaking is a continuation of the research described in my book "Pod klątwą. Społeczny portret pogromu kieleckiego" (2018), in which I worked out a methodology of microhistorical analysis, allowing the composition of a pogrom crowd to be determined in a maximally objective manner. Thanks to the extensive biographical query it was possible to specify the composition of the forces of law and order of the Citizens' Militia (MO), the Internal Security Corps (KBW), and the Polish Army that were sent to suppress the Kielce pogrom, as well as to put forward hypotheses associated with the genesis of the event. The question which I will address in the presented project concerns the similarities and differences that exist between the pattern according to which the Kielce and Kraków pogroms developed. To what extent did the people who were within the structures of the forces of law and order, primarily communist militia, take part in it –those who murdered Jews during the war? Are the acts of anti-Semitic violence on the Polish, Ukrainian, and Slovak lands structurally similar or fundamentally different? What are the roles of the legend of blood (blood libel), the stereotype of Żydokomuna (Jewish communists), and demographical panic and panic connected with equal rights for Jews, which destabilised traditional social relations? In the framework of preparatory work I managed to initiate the studies on the Kraków pogrom in the IPN Archive (Institute of National Remembrance) and significantly advance the studies concerning the Ukrainian, Hungarian, and Slovak pogroms (the query was financed from the funds from the Marie Curie grant).
    [Show full text]
  • Absentee Property Law of 1950 Was Meant to Serve As the Legal Basis to Transfer the Property of Palestinian Refugees Into the Possession of the State of Israel
    Absentees against Their Will – Property Expropriation in East Jerusalem under the Absentee Property Law July 2010 Introduction The Absentee Property Law of 1950 was meant to serve as the legal basis to transfer the property of Palestinian refugees into the possession of the State of Israel. The law says that the land and property of Palestinian residents and nationals of Arab countries who, from November 29, 1947 until a declaration that the state of emergency declared in 1948 ended [which has not yet happened] were in one of the Arab countries, or "in any part of the Land of Israel that is outside of the area of Israel," would revert to the possession of the Custodian of Absentee Property, meaning, to the possession of the State.1 Following the annexation of East Jerusalem in 1967, and as a result the application of all of the laws of Israel -- including the Absentee Property Law -- to the annexed area, a problematic situation arose in which the property of almost all the Palestinian residents of the city became, in fact, absentee property, because those residents were at the time to which the law refers citizens of Jordan, then an enemy country, who resided in "a part of the Land of Israel that [was] outside of the area of Israel." To contend with this problematic situation, section 3 of the Law and Administration Ordinance 5730-1970 provides that the law does not apply to residents of East Jerusalem who "on the day of the incidence of the order of application of the law was in the area of its application and was a resident thereof."2 Therefore, only residents who were physically present in East Jerusalem on the day of annexation are not considered absentees.
    [Show full text]
  • 6-194E.Pdf(6493KB)
    Samuel Neaman Eretz Israel from Inside and Out Samuel Neaman Reflections In this book, the author Samuel (Sam) Neaman illustrates a part of his life story that lasted over more that three decades during the 20th century - in Eretz Israel, France, Syria, in WWII battlefronts, in Great Britain,the U.S., Canada, Mexico and in South American states. This is a life story told by the person himself and is being read with bated breath, sometimes hard to believe but nevertheless utterly true. Neaman was born in 1913, but most of his life he spent outside the country and the state he was born in ERETZ and for which he fought and which he served faithfully for many years. Therefore, his point of view is from both outside and inside and apart from • the love he expresses towards the country, he also criticizes what is going ERETZ ISRAELFROMINSIDEANDOUT here. In Israel the author is well known for the reknowned Samuel Neaman ISRAEL Institute for Advanced Studies in Science and Technology which is located at the Technion in Haifa. This institute was established by Neaman and he was directly and personally involved in all its management until he passed away a few years ago. Samuel Neaman did much for Israel’s security and FROM as a token of appreciation, all IDF’s chiefs of staff have signed a a megila. Among the signers of the megila there were: Ig’al Yadin, Mordechai Mak- lef, Moshe Dayan, Haim Laskov, Zvi Zur, Izhak Rabin, Haim Bar-Lev, David INSIDE El’arar, and Mordechai Gur.
    [Show full text]
  • Poland Study Guide Poland Study Guide
    Poland Study Guide POLAND STUDY GUIDE POLAND STUDY GUIDE Table of Contents Why Poland? In 1939, following a nonaggression agreement between the Germany and the Soviet Union known as the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, Poland was again divided. That September, Why Poland Germany attacked Poland and conquered the western and central parts of Poland while the Page 3 Soviets took over the east. Part of Poland was directly annexed and governed as if it were Germany (that area would later include the infamous Nazi concentration camp Auschwitz- Birkenau). The remaining Polish territory, the “General Government,” was overseen by Hans Frank, and included many areas with large Jewish populations. For Nazi leadership, Map of Territories Annexed by Third Reich the occupation was an extension of the Nazi racial war and Poland was to be colonized. Page 4 Polish citizens were resettled, and Poles who the Nazis deemed to be a threat were arrested and shot. Polish priests and professors were shot. According to historian Richard Evans, “If the Poles were second-class citizens in the General Government, then the Jews scarcely Map of Concentration Camps in Poland qualified as human beings at all in the eyes of the German occupiers.” Jews were subject to humiliation and brutal violence as their property was destroyed or Page 5 looted. They were concentrated in ghettos or sent to work as slave laborers. But the large- scale systematic murder of Jews did not start until June 1941, when the Germans broke 2 the nonaggression pact with the Soviets, invaded the Soviet-held part of Poland, and sent 3 Chronology of the Holocaust special mobile units (the Einsatzgruppen) behind the fighting units to kill the Jews in nearby forests or pits.
    [Show full text]
  • Isaac and Ishmael, 1985
    This was the first High Holy Day sermon I delivered as the new young rabbi at UCSB Hillel in 1985. It was in many ways a classic “rabbinic school sermon,” full of textual analysis…and way too long. It was also a bold attempt to address the sensitive subject of the Arab-Israeli conflict; I remember seeing one of the prominent Jewish professors get up and walk out in the middle! (He has since become a dearly beloved friend). Issac and Ishmael 1985 Rosh HaShanah, UCSB Hillel This morning we read of the exile of Hagar and Ishmael, what the rabbis later called the most painful moment of Abraham’s life. The portion speaks to us directly in a way that it did not for hundreds of years, because the conflict between the children of Isaac, the Jews, and the children of Ishmael, the Arabs, has become the central fact of Jewish life in the second half of this century. The emotional strain of this conflict is par- ticularly terrible because, just as in the biblical story of Hagar and Ishmael, it is exceed- ingly difficult to sort out the rights and wrongs. In fact, it is difficult to escape the conclu- sion that--on certain levels--we, like Sarah, have morally compromised ourselves in this family conflict. The question which this text throws back at us year after year--and with particular vehemence in our generation--is: Can there be peace between Isaac and Ish- mael? Or was it necessary, is it necessary, for Abraham’s house to be broken apart? To most difficult questions, the textual tradition does not offer solution.
    [Show full text]
  • Legitimization of Terrorism by Fatah and the Palestinian Authority
    רמה כ ז מל ו תשר מה ו ד י ע י ן ( למ מ" ) רמה כרמ כ ז ז מל מה ו י תשר עד מל מה ו ד ו י ד ע י י ע ן י ן ו ל ( רט למ ו מ" ר ) כרמ ז מה י עד מל ו ד י ע י ן ול רט ו רור Legitimization of Terrorism by Fatah and the Palestinian Authority: Glorification of the Murder of the Israeli Athletes at the Munich Olympic Games November 11, 2018 Overview On September 5, 2018, the anniversary of the terrorist attack at the 1972 Munich Olympics was marked, in which 11 Israelis were murdered1. The Fatah Movement, which carried out the terrorist attack, mentioned the anniversary of the event in posts posted on its official Facebook pages. These posts glorified the attack (“a high-quality military operation”) and praised its perpetrators. The terrorists who carried out the murder are referred to in the post of the Fatah Movement in Nablus as “the heroes of the Munich operation;” and in the post of the Fatah Movement in Bethlehem they are referred to as “heroes of the Fatah Movement, sons of Yasser [Arafat].” The portrayal of the terrorist attack in Munich is also expressed favorably in a Palestinian Authority history textbook, in which the murder is described as an act carried out by Fedayeen (who sacrifice their lives by carrying out a military operation) with the aim of “attacking Israeli interests abroad” (History Studies, 11th Grade, Part 2 (2017), p. 54)2. The glorification of terrorists who carried out murderous terrorist attacks is a common phenomenon in the Palestinian Authority and Fatah.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Understanding the Struggle for Palestinian Human Rights
    A Guide to Understanding the Struggle for Palestinian Human Rights © Copyright 2010, The Veritas Handbook. 1st Edition: July 2010. Online PDF, Cost: $0.00 Cover Photo: Ahmad Mesleh This document may be reproduced and redistributed, in part, or in full, for educational and non- profit purposes only and cannot be used for fundraising or any monetary purposes. We encourage you to distribute the material and print it, while keeping the environment in mind. Photos by Ahmad Mesleh, Jon Elmer, and Zoriah are copyrighted by the authors and used with permission. Please see www.jonelmer.ca, www.ahmadmesleh.wordpress.com and www.zoriah.com for detailed copyright information and more information on these photographers. Excerpts from Rashid Khalidi’s Palestinian Identity, Ben White’s Israeli Apartheid: A Beginner’s Guide and Norman Finkelstein’s This Time We Went Too Far are also taken with permission of the author and/or publishers and can only be used for the purposes of this handbook. Articles from The Electronic Intifada and PULSE Media have been used with written permission. We claim no rights to the images included or content that has been cited from other online resources. Contact: [email protected] Web: www.veritashandbook.blogspot.com T h e V E R I T A S H a n d b o o k 2 A Guide to Understanding the Struggle for Palestinian Human Rights To make this handbook possible, we would like to thank 1. The Hasbara Handbook and the Hasbara Fellowships 2. The Israel Project’s Global Language Dictionary Both of which served as great inspirations, convincing us of the necessity of this handbook in our plight to establish truth and justice.
    [Show full text]
  • United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)
    CASE STUDY DR. ROBERT U. NAGEL, MS. KATE FIN, MS. JULIA MAENZA MAY 2021 United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) Conflict history Israel supported the Maronites to establish a friend- Following the events of Black September in 1970, in ly Christian government and destroy the PLO, which which Jordan expelled members of the Palestinian carried out attacks against Israel from Lebanon. Liberation Organization (PLO), the PLO established a state within a state in the south of Lebanon. A full- One of these attacks, the Coastal Road Massacre, scale civil war began in Lebanon in 1975, with Ma- killed 38 Israeli civilians and wounded over 70 on March ronite Christians fighting Muslim militias and the PLO. 9, 1978.1 On March 14, 1978, Israeli forces invaded UNIFIL peacekeepers from the Mission’s Female Assessment/Analysis and Support Team (FAST) carry out a community engage- ment walk in the Tyre souk, south Lebanon. FAST activities vary from operational activities to community outreach, including foot and market patrols, school visits, as well as community engagements such as this one. Tyre, 6 November 2019. / Photo by: Pasqual Gorriz/UN Lebanon. In response, the UN Security Council passed withdrew to the “security zone,” an 850 km area of Resolutions 425 and 426, calling for Israel to withdraw Lebanese territory made up of checkpoints operated and creating the United Nations Interim Force in Leba- mainly by members of the SLA, due to the increasing non (UNIFIL). Israel’s withdrawal was to take place over Hezbollah attacks on IDF troops in 1985. As Israeli four stages, though they maintained a presence in the scholar Nitza Nachmias put it, “Israel assumed wrong- area by ceding the final zone to the South Lebanon ly that Operation Peace for Galilee would eliminate the Army (SLA), a militia they created and armed.
    [Show full text]
  • Time to End Palestinian Incitement 13-Sep-2013 | by David Pollock
    Time to End Palestinian Incitement 13-Sep-2013 | By David Pollock http://www.fathomjournal.org/policy-politics/ The glorification of violence in Palestinian Authority media must be addressed if peace talks are to succeed. Even as Israeli-Palestinian peace talks begin again, official Palestinian Authority (PA) media are still broadcasting girls singing about Jews as ‘the sons of apes and pigs,’ and still paying effusive tribute to Palestinian terrorists convicted for murdering Israeli civilians. To get these negotiations started, Israel agreed to release over one hundred such prisoners; but the Palestinian government continues to glorify them as heroes, offering them as role models for the next generation. If this kind of incitement keeps up, how can Israel reasonably take risks for peace – and how could any peace agreement endure? The start of peace talks makes it all the more urgent to examine incitement and related inflammatory rhetoric – what would be referred to in the United States or Britain as hate speech – in the official public record of the PA. In recent years that record reveals relatively few high-level expressions of religious hatred, but numerous official messages that nonetheless run counter to the goal of peace. Addressing the problem of incitement now, at the start of this current peace effort, will help promote an atmosphere of good will and improve the chances of success in the negotiations. On the whole, the PA messaging trend over the past year has been negative, and the tone has been reflected by the rhetoric of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas himself. A comparison of the UN General Assembly speeches by Abbas in September 2011 and September 2012 shows a much more accusatory and less conciliatory tone toward Israel in 2012, with just a passing mention of peace.
    [Show full text]
  • The Israeli Defense Forces in the 21St Century
    SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 2012 The sI raeli Defense Forces in the 21st Century: Humanitarian Complier or Human Rights Violators? An assessment of IHL compliance in the Second Lebanon War and Operation Cast Lead Skyler Scoggan SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, Inequality and Stratification Commons, International and Area Studies Commons, International Relations Commons, Jewish Studies Commons, Peace and Conflict Studies Commons, Policy Design, Analysis, and Evaluation Commons, Politics and Social Change Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Scoggan, Skyler, "The sI raeli Defense Forces in the 21st Century: Humanitarian Complier or Human Rights Violators? An assessment of IHL compliance in the Second Lebanon War and Operation Cast Lead" (2012). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 1444. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/1444 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Israeli Defense Forces in the 21 st Century: Humanitarian Complier or Human Rights Violators? An assessment
    [Show full text]