DOCSLIB.ORG

The Medical Letter

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Medical Letter Page 1 of 2 SCABIES (Sarcoptes scabiei) Drug Adult dosage Pediatric dosage Drug of choice: 5% Permethrin Topically once1 Topically once1 Alternative:2 Ivermectin3,4,5 200 mcg/kg PO once1 200 mcg/kg PO once1 10% Crotamiton Topically once/d x 2 Topically once/d PO x 2 1. Treatment may need to be repeated in 10-14 days. A second ivermectin dose taken 2 weeks later increases the cure rate to 95%, which is equivalent to that of 5% permethrin (V Usha et al, J Am Acad Dermatol 2000; 42:236; O Chosidow, N Engl J Med 2006; 354:1718; J Heukelbach and H Feldmeier, Lancet 2006; 367:1767). 2. Lindane (γ-benzene hexachloride) should be reserved for treatment of patients who fail to respond to other drugs. The FDA has rec- ommended it not be used for immunocompromised patients, young children, the elderly, pregnant and breast-feeding women, and patients weighing <50 kg. 3. Not FDA-approved for this indication. 4 Safety of ivermectin in young children (<15 kg) and pregnant women remains to be established. Ivermectin should be taken on an empty stomach with water. 5. Ivermectin, either alone or in combination with a topical scabicide, is the drug of choice for crusted scabies in immunocompromised patients (P del Giudice, Curr Opin Infect Dis 2004; 15:123). Information provided by The Medical Letter. For a copy of the entire Drugs for Parasitic Infections article, go to: www.medicalletter.org/parasitic_cdc MANUFACTURERS OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT PARASITIC INFECTIONS albendazole – Albenza (GlaxoSmithKline) † Lampit (Bayer, Germany) – nifurtimox Albenza (GlaxoSmithKline) – albendazole Lariam (Roche) – mefloquine Alinia (Romark) – nitazoxanide § Leshcutan (Teva, Israel) – topical paromomycin AmBisome (Gilead) – amphotericin B, liposomal levamisole – Ergamisol (Janssen) amphotericin B – Fungizone (Apothecon), others lumefantrine/artemether – Coartem, Riamet amphotericin B, liposomal – AmBisome (Gilead) (Novartis) Ancobon (Valeant) – flucytosine Malarone (GlaxoSmithKline) – § Antiminth (Pfizer) – pyrantel pamoate atovaquone/proguanil • Aralen (Sanofi) – chloroquine HCl and chloroquine malathion – Ovide (Medicis) phosphate mebendazole – Vermox (McNeil), others § artemether – Artenam (Arenco, Belgium) mefloquine – Lariam (Roche) § artemether/lumefantrine – Coartem, Riamet § meglumine antimonate – Glucantime (Aventis, (Novartis) France) § Artenam (Arenco, Belgium) – artemether † melarsoprol – Mel-B § artesunate – (Guilin No. 1 Factory, People’s † Mel-B – melarsoprol Republic of China) Mepron (GlaxoSmithKline) – atovaquone atovaquone – Mepron (GlaxoSmithKline) metronidazole – Flagyl (Pfizer), others atovaquone/proguanil – Malarone § miconazole – Monistat i.v. (GlaxoSmithKline) § miltefosine – Impavido (Zentaris, Germany) azithromycin – Zithromax (Pfizer), others § Monistat i.v. – miconazole • Bactrim (Roche) – TMP/Sulfa NebuPent (Fujisawa) – pentamidine isethionate § benznidazole – Rochagan (Brazil) § niclosamide – Yomesan (Bayer, Germany) • Biaxin (Abbott) – clarithromycin † nifurtimox – Lampit (Bayer, Germany) § Biltricide (Bayer) – praziquantel nitazoxanide – Alinia (Romark) † bithionol – Bitin (Tanabe, Japan) Nix (GlaxoSmithKline) – permethrin † Bitin (Tanabe, Japan) – bithionol • Nizoral (Janssen) – ketoconazole § Brolene (Aventis, Canada) – propamidine § ornidazole – Tiberal (Roche, France) isethionate Ornidyl (Aventis) – eflornithine chloroquine HCl and chloroquine phosphate – (Difluoromethylornithine, DFMO) Aralen (Sanofi), others Ovide (Medicis) – malathion clarithromycin – Biaxin (Abbott), others § oxamniquine – Vansil (Pfizer) • Cleocin (Pfizer) – clindamycin § Paludrine (AstraZeneca, United Kingdom) – proguanil clindamycin – Cleocin (Pfizer), others paromomycin – Humatin (Monarch); Leshcutan Coartem (Novartis) – artemether/lumefantrine (Teva, Israel; topical formulation not available crotamiton – Eurax (Westwood-Squibb) in US) dapsone – (Jacobus) Pentam 300 (Fujisawa) – pentamidine isethionate § Daraprim (GlaxoSmithKline) – pyrimethamine USP pentamidine isethionate – Pentam 300 (Fujisawa), † diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) – Hetrazan NebuPent (Fujisawa) • Diflucan (Pfizer) – fluconazole † Pentostam (GlaxoSmithKline, United Kingdom) – § diloxanide furoate – Furamide (Boots, United sodium stibogluconate Kingdom) permethrin – Nix (GlaxoSmithKline), Elimite doxycycline – Vibramycin (Pfizer), others (Allergan) eflornithine (Difluoromethylornithine, DFMO) – § praziquantel – Biltricide (Bayer) Ornidyl (Aventis) primaquine phosphate USP § Egaten (Novartis) – triclabendazole § proguanil – Paludrine (AstraZeneca, United Kingdom) Elimite (Allergan) – permethrin proguanil/atovaquone – Malarone Ergamisol (Janssen) – levamisole (GlaxoSmithKline) Eurax (Westwood-Squibb) – crotamiton § propamidine isethionate – Brolene (Aventis, • Flagyl (Pfizer) – metronidazole Canada) § Flisint (Sanofi-Aventis, France) – fumagillin § pyrantel pamoate – Antiminth (Pfizer) fluconazole – Diflucan (Pfizer), others pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide – RID (Pfizer), flucytosine – Ancobon (Valeant) others § fumagillin – Flisint (Sanofi-Aventis, France) § pyrimethamine USP – Daraprim (GlaxoSmithKline) • Fungizone (Apothecon) – amphotericin Qualaquin – quinine sulfate (Mutual Pharmaceutical § Furamide (Boots, United Kingdom) – diloxanide Co/AR Scientific) furoate quinacrine § furazolidone – Furozone (Roberts) * quinidine gluconate (Eli Lilly) § Furozone (Roberts) – furazolidone § quinine dihydrochloride † Germanin (Bayer, Germany) – suramin sodium quinine sulfate – Qualaquin (Mutual Pharmaceutical § Glucantime (Aventis, France) – meglumine Co/AR Scientific) antimonate Riamet (Novartis) – artemether/lumefantrine † Hetrazan – diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) • RID (Pfizer) – pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide Humatin (Monarch) – paromomycin • Rifadin (Aventis) – rifampin § Impavido (Zentaris, Germany) – miltefosine rifampin – Rifadin (Aventis), others iodoquinol – Yodoxin (Glenwood), others § Rochagan (Brazil) – benznidazole itraconazole – Sporanox (Janssen-Ortho), others * Rovamycine (Aventis) – spiramycin ivermectin – Stromectol (Merck) † sodium stibogluconate – Pentostam ketoconazole – Nizoral (Janssen), others (GlaxoSmithKline, United Kingdom) (continued) Page 2 of 2 * spiramycin – Rovamycine (Aventis) TMP/Sulfa – Bactrim (Roche), others • Sporanox (Janssen-Ortho) – itraconazole § triclabendazole – Egaten (Novartis) Stromectol (Merck) – ivermectin § Vansil (Pfizer) – oxamniquine sulfadiazine – (Eon) • Vermox (McNeil) – mebendazole † suramin sodium – Germanin (Bayer, Germany) • Vibramycin (Pfizer) – doxycycline § Tiberal (Roche, France) – ornidazole • Yodoxin (Glenwood) – iodoquinol Tindamax (Mission) – tinidazole § Yomesan (Bayer, Germany) – niclosamide tinidazole – Tindamax (Mission) • Zithromax (Pfizer) – azithromycin * Available in the US only from the manufacturer. § Not available commercially. It may be obtained through compounding pharmacies such as Panorama Compounding Pharmacy, 6744 Balboa Blvd, Van Nuys, CA 91406 (800-247-9767) or Medical Center Pharmacy, New Haven, CT (203-688-6816). Other com- pounding pharmacies may be found through the National Association of Compounding Pharmacies (800-687-7850) or the Professional Compounding Centers of America (800-331-2498, www.pccarx.com). † Available from the CDC Drug Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; 404-639-3670 (evenings, weekends, or holidays: 770-488-7100). • Also available generically. Information provided by The Medical Letter. For a copy of the entire Drugs for Parasitic Infections article, go to: www.medicalletter.org/parasitic_cdc.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Full Text in Pdf Format
    DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published July 30 Dis Aquat Org Oral pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. 11: Gyrodactylus sp. J. L. Tojo*, M. T. Santamarina Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain ABSTRACT: A total of 24 drugs were evaluated as regards their efficacy for oral treatment of gyro- dactylosis in rainbow trout Oncorhj~nchusmykiss. In preliminary trials, all drugs were supplied to infected fish at 40 g per kg of feed for 10 d. Twenty-two of the drugs tested (aminosidine, amprolium, benznidazole, b~thionol,chloroquine, diethylcarbamazine, flubendazole, levamisole, mebendazole, n~etronidazole,mclosamide, nitroxynil, oxibendazole, parbendazole, piperazine, praziquantel, roni- dazole, secnidazole, tetramisole, thiophanate, toltrazuril and trichlorfon) were ineffective Triclabenda- zole and nitroscanate completely eliminated the infection. Triclabendazole was effective only at the screening dosage (40 g per kg of feed for 10 d), while nitroscanate was effective at dosages as low as 0.6 g per kg of feed for 1 d. KEY WORDS: Gyrodactylosis . Rainbow trout Treatment. Drugs INTRODUCTION to the hooks of the opisthohaptor or to ulceration as a result of feeding by the parasite. The latter is the most The monogenean genus Gyrodactylus is widespread, serious. though some individual species have a restricted distri- Transmission takes place largely as a result of direct bution. Gyrodactyloses affect numerous freshwater contact between live fishes, though other pathways species including salmonids, cyprinids and ornamen- (contact between a live fish and a dead fish, or with tal fishes, as well as marine fishes including gadids, free-living parasites present in the substrate, or with pleuronectids and gobiids.
    [Show full text]
  • Product List March 2019 - Page 1 of 53
    Wessex has been sourcing and supplying active substances to medicine manufacturers since its incorporation in 1994. We supply from known, trusted partners working to full cGMP and with full regulatory support. Please contact us for details of the following products. Product CAS No. ( R)-2-Methyl-CBS-oxazaborolidine 112022-83-0 (-) (1R) Menthyl Chloroformate 14602-86-9 (+)-Sotalol Hydrochloride 959-24-0 (2R)-2-[(4-Ethyl-2, 3-dioxopiperazinyl) carbonylamino]-2-phenylacetic 63422-71-9 acid (2R)-2-[(4-Ethyl-2-3-dioxopiperazinyl) carbonylamino]-2-(4- 62893-24-7 hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid (r)-(+)-α-Lipoic Acid 1200-22-2 (S)-1-(2-Chloroacetyl) pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile 207557-35-5 1,1'-Carbonyl diimidazole 530-62-1 1,3-Cyclohexanedione 504-02-9 1-[2-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethyl] cyclohexanol acetate 839705-03-2 1-[2-Amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethyl] cyclohexanol Hydrochloride 130198-05-9 1-[Cyano-(4-methoxyphenyl) methyl] cyclohexanol 93413-76-4 1-Chloroethyl-4-nitrophenyl carbonate 101623-69-2 2-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl) acetic acid Hydrochloride 66659-20-9 2-(4-Nitrophenyl)ethanamine Hydrochloride 29968-78-3 2,4 Dichlorobenzyl Alcohol (2,4 DCBA) 1777-82-8 2,6-Dichlorophenol 87-65-0 2.6 Diamino Pyridine 136-40-3 2-Aminoheptane Sulfate 6411-75-2 2-Ethylhexanoyl Chloride 760-67-8 2-Ethylhexyl Chloroformate 24468-13-1 2-Isopropyl-4-(N-methylaminomethyl) thiazole Hydrochloride 908591-25-3 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-butane dione 720-94-5 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrothieno[3,2,c] pyridine Hydrochloride 28783-41-7 4-Chloro-N-methyl-piperidine 5570-77-4
    [Show full text]
  • Second and Third Generation Oral Fluoroquinolones
    Therapeutic Class Overview Second and Third Generation Oral Fluoroquinolones Therapeutic Class • Overview/Summary: The second and third generation quinolones are approved to treat a variety of infections, including dermatologic, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, respiratory, as well as several miscellaneous infections.1-10 They are broad-spectrum agents that directly inhibit bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis by blocking the actions of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which leads to bacterial cell death.11,12 The quinolones are most active against gram-negative bacilli and gram-negative cocci.12 Ciprofloxacin has the most potent activity against gram-negative bacteria. Norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin have limited activity against streptococci and many anaerobes while levofloxacin and moxifloxacin have greater potency against gram-positive cocci, and moxifloxacin has enhanced activity against anaerobic bacteria.11-12 Gemifloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin are considered respiratory fluoroquinolones. They possess enhanced activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae while maintaining efficacy against Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and atypical pathogens. Resistance to the quinolones is increasing and cross-resistance among the various agents has been documented. Two mechanisms of bacterial resistance have been identified. These include mutations in chromosomal genes (DNA gyrase and/or topoisomerase IV) and altered drug permeability across the bacterial cell membranes.11-12 Clinical Guidelines support
    [Show full text]
  • )&F1y3x PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to THE
    )&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE )&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 3 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. Product CAS No. Product CAS No. ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACTODIGIN 36983-69-4 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ADAFENOXATE 82168-26-1 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ADAMEXINE 54785-02-3 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ADAPALENE 106685-40-9 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ADAPROLOL 101479-70-3 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ADATANSERIN 127266-56-2 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ADEFOVIR 106941-25-7 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ADELMIDROL 1675-66-7 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9 ADEMETIONINE 17176-17-9 ACAPRAZINE 55485-20-6 ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE 61-19-8 ACARBOSE 56180-94-0 ADIBENDAN 100510-33-6 ACEBROCHOL 514-50-1 ADICILLIN 525-94-0 ACEBURIC ACID 26976-72-7 ADIMOLOL 78459-19-5 ACEBUTOLOL 37517-30-9 ADINAZOLAM 37115-32-5 ACECAINIDE 32795-44-1 ADIPHENINE 64-95-9 ACECARBROMAL 77-66-7 ADIPIODONE 606-17-7 ACECLIDINE 827-61-2 ADITEREN 56066-19-4 ACECLOFENAC 89796-99-6 ADITOPRIM 56066-63-8 ACEDAPSONE 77-46-3 ADOSOPINE 88124-26-9 ACEDIASULFONE SODIUM 127-60-6 ADOZELESIN 110314-48-2 ACEDOBEN 556-08-1 ADRAFINIL 63547-13-7 ACEFLURANOL 80595-73-9 ADRENALONE
    [Show full text]
  • Original Articles
    MADIAJAGANE et al. : ANTIBIOTICS IN FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA 67 single course. However, some probable TPE cases did not REFERENCES show a fall in eosinophil counts after receiving the drug; a Udwadia FE. Tropical eosinophilia. In: Hertzog H (ed). Progress in respira- phenomenon reported by others. 18,19 These patients require tion research:Pulmonary eosinophilia. Volume 7. Basel:S. Kargar, 1975:35-155. a repeat course of diethylcarbamazine and the cause of their 2 Viswanathan R, Jaggi OP. Tropical eosinophilia. In: Ahuja MMS (ed). Progress in clinical medicine in India. First series. New Delhi:Arnold- eosinophilia is probably related to a parasite other than Heinemann Publishers, 1976:75-91. microfilaria. 3 Neva FA, Ottesen EA. Tropical (filarial) eosinophilia. N Engl J Med 1978; The prevalence of TPE in our community was high. Since 298:1129-31. 4 Spry CJF, Kumaraswami V. Tropical eosinophilia. Semin Hematol 1982; TPE is commonly caused by human lymphatic filarial infec- 19:107-15. tion, its prevalence is expected to be higher in endemic areas. 5 Ottesen EA, Neva FA, Paranjape RS, Tripathy SP, Thiruvengadam KV, However, only few susceptible individuals who had lymphatic Beaven MA. Specific allergic sensitisation to filarial antigens in tropical filarial infection had features ofTPE. The high prevalence of eosinophilia syndrome. Lancet 1979;1:1158-61. 6 World Health Organization. Fourth report of the Expert Committee on TPE that we observed was probably related to the high level Filariasis. Lymphatic filariasis. WHO Tech Rep Ser 1984;702:3--112. of filarial infection present in the community. Moreover, 7 Joshi VV, Udwadia FE, Gadgil RK.
    [Show full text]
  • World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines, 21St List, 2019
    World Health Organizatio n Model List of Essential Medicines 21st List 2019 World Health Organizatio n Model List of Essential Medicines 21st List 2019 WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06 © World Health Organization 2019 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization. Suggested citation. World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines, 21st List, 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data. CIP data are available at http://apps.who.int/iris.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,623,419 B2 Malakhov Et Al
    USOO8623419B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,623,419 B2 Malakhov et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 7, 2014 (54) TECHNOLOGY FOR PREPARATION OF WO 2004/047735 6, 2004 MACROMOLECULAR MICROSPHERES WO WO2005/035088 4/2005 WO 2006/031291 3, 2006 (75) Inventors: Michael P. Malakhov, San Francisco, CA (US); Fang Fang, Rancho Santa Fe, OTHER PUBLICATIONS CA (US) US 5,849,884, 11/09/99, Woiszwillo et al (withdrawn). Agrawal et al., “Basis of rise in intracellular sodium in airway hyper (73) Assignee: Ansun Biopharma, Inc., San Diego, CA responsiveness and asthma.” Lung, 183:375-387. (2005). (US) Alcock, R., et al., “Modifying the release of leuprolide from spray dried OED microparticles,” Journal of Control Release, 82(2-3):429 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 440, (2002). patent is extended or adjusted under 35 Barbey-Morel, C.L., et al., “Role of respiratory tract proteases in U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. infectivity of influenza A virus,” Journal of Infectious Diseases, 155:667-672, (1987). (21) Appl. No.: 13/289,644 Bot A.I. et al., “Novel lipid-based hollow-porous microparticles as a platform for immunoglobulin delivery to the respiratory tract.” Phar (22) Filed: Nov. 4, 2011 maceutical Research, 17(3):275-283, (2000). (65) Prior Publication Data Cryan S.A., "Carrier-based strategies for targeting protein and peptide drugs to the lungs.” American Association of Pharmaceutical US 2012/O116062 A1 May 10, 2012 Scientists PharmSci AAPS electronic resource), 7(1): E20-E41, (2005). Edwards D.A. et al., "Large porous particles for pulmonary drug Related U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Extractive Spectrophotometric Assay of Cyclizine in a Pharmaceutical Formulation and Biological fluids
    Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal (2012) 20, 255–262 King Saud University Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal www.ksu.edu.sa www.sciencedirect.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Extractive spectrophotometric assay of cyclizine in a pharmaceutical formulation and biological fluids Nora Hamad Al-Shaalan * Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nora Bint Abdul Rahman University, P.O. Box 240549, Riyadh 11322, Saudi Arabia Received 29 January 2012; accepted 14 February 2012 Available online 21 February 2012 KEYWORDS Abstract Two highly sensitive and simple spectrophotometric methods were developed to quanti- Spectrophotometry; tate the drug cyclizine (CYC) in its pure form and in a pharmaceutical formulation. The two methods Cyclizine; involved ion-associate formation reactions (method A) with mono-acid azo dyes, i.e., sudan (I) and Valoid; sudan (II), as well as ion-pair reactions (method B) with bi-azo dyes, i.e., sudan (III), sudan (IV) and Sudan dye sudan red 7B (V). The reactions were extracted with chloroform, and the extraction products were quantitatively measured at 480, 550, 500, 530 and 570 nm using reagents I–V, respectively. The reac- tion conditions were monitored and optimised. The Beer plots for reagents I–V showed linear rela- tionships for the concentrations of 4.2–52.0, 5.4–96.0, 3.5–43.0, 4.4–80.0 and 0.6–18.0 lgmLÀ1, respectively, with molar absorptivities of 2.2 · 104, 4.1 · 104, 3.6 · 104, 2.5 · 104 and 1.3 · 104 L molÀ1 cmÀ1, respectively. Sandell sensitivities and detection limits were calculated and ana- lysed. The implementation of the two methods to the analysis of a commercial tablet (Valoid) suc- ceeded, and the recovery study suggested that there was no interference from common excipients in the tablet.
    [Show full text]
  • PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to the HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2008) (Rev
    Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2008) (Rev. 2) Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2008) (Rev. 2) Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. ABACAVIR 136470-78-5 ACIDUM GADOCOLETICUM 280776-87-6 ABAFUNGIN 129639-79-8 ACIDUM LIDADRONICUM 63132-38-7 ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACIDUM SALCAPROZICUM 183990-46-7 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ACIDUM SALCLOBUZICUM 387825-03-8 ABAPERIDONUM 183849-43-6 ACIFRAN 72420-38-3 ABARELIX 183552-38-7 ACIPIMOX 51037-30-0 ABATACEPTUM 332348-12-6 ACITAZANOLAST 114607-46-4 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ACITEMATE 101197-99-3 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ACITRETIN 55079-83-9 ABETIMUSUM 167362-48-3 ACIVICIN 42228-92-2 ABIRATERONE 154229-19-3 ACLANTATE 39633-62-0 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ACLARUBICIN 57576-44-0 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ACLATONIUM NAPADISILATE 55077-30-0 ABRINEURINUM 178535-93-8 ACODAZOLE 79152-85-5 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ACOLBIFENUM 182167-02-8 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ACONIAZIDE 13410-86-1 ACAMPROSATE
    [Show full text]
  • R&D Model & Portfolio
    R&D MODEL & PORTFOLIO ADAPTED TREATMENTS FOR THE BENEFIT OF NEGLECTED PATIENTS The R&D strategies developed by DNDi since its inception aim to Phase II trials as a potential single- address the immediate needs of patients by improving existing dose oral treatment and is the first therapeutic options in the short term, whilst undertaking longer molecule to arise from DNDi’s lead term research to identify and develop entirely new compounds optimization programme. which will be valuable adapted tools, particularly for elimination targets set by the World Health Organization. Although not Leishmaniasis is a complex family necessarily breakthrough medicines, six new treatments have of diseases, and the identification been delivered to date as a result of the short-term strategy, of new compounds has proved which have brought significant benefits to patients. challenging. Compound libraries from a variety of sources have been screened and, despite the inevitable The year 2015 has been a turning are orally available compounds for loss of compounds to attrition, NCEs point for DNDi, as long-term systemic use. The most clinically from the nitroimidazole, oxaborole, investments have now filled the advanced of these are for sleeping and aminopyrazole chemical drug development pipeline with sickness: fexinidazole, which was families are undergoing lead thirteen new chemical entities identified from compound mining optimization to combat Leishmania (NCEs) included by the end of the and is a ten day oral treatment, infections, with the nitroimidazole year, the vast majority of which and SCYX-7158, which is entering VL-0690 selected to go forward to 14 › DNDi Annual Report 2015 R&D MODEL & PORTFOLIO pre-clinical development in 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • 92 Part 520—Oral Dosage Form New Animal Drugs
    Pt. 520 21 CFR Ch. I (4–1–05 Edition) PART 520—ORAL DOSAGE FORM 520.310 Caramiphen ethanedisulfonate and ammonium chloride tablets. NEW ANIMAL DRUGS 520.312 Carnidazole tablets. 520.314 Cefadroxil tablets. Sec. 520.315 Cefadroxil powder for oral suspen- 520.23 Acepromazine maleate tablets. sion. 520.44 Acetazolamide sodium soluble pow- 520.370 Cefpodoxime tablets. der. 520.390 Chloramphenicol oral dosage forms. 520.45 Albendazole oral dosage forms. 520.390a Chloramphenicol tablets. 520.45a Albendazole suspension. 520.390b Chloramphenicol capsules. 520.45b Albendazole paste. 520.390c Chloramphenicol palmitate oral 520.48 Altrenogest solution. suspension. 520.62 Aminopentamide hydrogen sulphate 520.420 Chlorothiazide tablets and boluses. tablets. 520.434 Chlorphenesin carbamate tablets. 520.82 Aminopropazine fumarate oral dosage 520.445 Chlortetracycline oral dosage forms. forms. 520.445a Chlortetracycline bisulfate/ 520.82a Aminopropazine fumarate tablets. sulfamethazine bisulfate soluble powder. 520.82b Aminopropazine fumarate, neomy- 520.445b Chlortetracycline powder (chlor- cin sulfate tablets. tetracycline hydrochloride or chlortetra- 520.88 Amoxicillin oral dosage forms. cycline bisulfate). 520.88a Amoxicillin trihydrate film-coated 520.445c Chlortetracycline tablets and tablets. boluses. 520.88b Amoxicillin trihydrate for oral sus- 520.446 Clindamycin capsules and tablets. pension. 520.447 Clindamycin liquid. 520.88c Amoxicillin trihydrate oral suspen- 520.452 Clenbuterol syrup. sion. 520.455 Clomipramine hydrochloride tab- 520.88d Amoxicillin trihydrate soluble pow- lets. der. 520.462 Clorsulon drench. 520.88e Amoxicillin trihydrate boluses. 520.522 Cyclosporine. 520.88f Amoxicillin trihydrate tablets. 520.530 Cythioate oral liquid. 520.88g Amoxicillin trihydrate and 520.531 Cythioate tablets. clavulanate potassium film-coated tab- 520.534 Decoquinate. lets.
    [Show full text]
  • Novel Findings of Anti-Filarial Drug Target and Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Drug Discovery
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Novel Findings of Anti-Filarial Drug Target and Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Drug Discovery Tae-Woo Choi 1,†,‡, Jeong Hoon Cho 2,†, Joohong Ahnn 1 and Hyun-Ok Song 3,* 1 Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; [email protected] (T.-W.C.); [email protected] (J.A.) 2 Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; [email protected] 3 Department of Infection Biology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-63-850-6972 † These authors contributed equally to this work. ‡ Current address: Macrogen Corp. 10F, 254, Beotkkot-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08511, Korea. Received: 4 October 2018; Accepted: 10 November 2018; Published: 13 November 2018 Abstract: Lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis caused by filarial nematodes are important diseases leading to considerable morbidity throughout tropical countries. Diethylcarbamazine (DEC), albendazole (ALB), and ivermectin (IVM) used in massive drug administration are not highly effective in killing the long-lived adult worms, and there is demand for the development of novel macrofilaricidal drugs affecting new molecular targets. A Ca2+ binding protein, calumenin, was identified as a novel and nematode-specific drug target for filariasis, due to its involvement in fertility and cuticle development in nematodes. As sterilizing and killing effects of the adult worms are considered to be ideal profiles of new drugs, calumenin could be an eligible drug target. Indeed, the Caenorhabditis elegans mutant model of calumenin exhibited enhanced drug acceptability to both microfilaricidal drugs (ALB and IVM) even at the adult stage, proving the roles of the nematode cuticle in efficient drug entry.
    [Show full text]