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Staphylococcus Aureus Minnesota Department of Health Fact Sheet 2/2010 Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus or “staph”) has Most skin infections will heal within a few weeks. long been recognized as one of the most important o More serious skin infections can take longer to bacteria that cause disease in humans. It is the heal if treatment is delayed or if ineffective leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections such treatment is given. as abscesses (boils), furuncles, and cellulitis. Some serious S. aureus infections (such as Although most staph infections are not serious, S. pneumonia or bloodstream infections) typically aureus can cause serious infections such as require hospitalization and treatment with bloodstream infections, pneumonia, or bone and intravenous antibiotics. joint infections. Transmission Signs and symptoms of infection S. aureus is most often spread to others by Most infections caused by S. aureus are skin contaminated hands. and soft tissue infections such as abscesses or The skin and mucous membranes are usually an cellulitis. effective barrier against infection. However, if Abscess these barriers are breached (e.g., skin damage Pocket of infection that forms at the site of due to trauma or mucosal damage due to viral injury. infection) S. aureus may gain access to underlying Usually filled with pus. tissues or the bloodstream and cause infection. Area surrounding the abscess is usually red, Persons who are immunocompromised or who painful and swollen and the skin have invasive medical devices are particularly surrounding the abscess can feel warm to the vulnerable to infection. touch. MRSA transmission: Cellulitis Traditionally, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus An infection of the underlying layers of the skin. aureus (MRSA) infections have been associated Usually results from a scrape or cut in the skin with hospitalization or other healthcare-associated which allows bacteria to enter, although no risk factors. injury may be apparent. In recent years physicians and other healthcare Cellulitis can occur anywhere in the body, but providers have observed an increasing number of most often occurs on the legs or arms. people with MRSA infections who lack traditional Symptoms include redness, swelling, and pain healthcare-associated risk factors. These people at the site of infection. appear to have community-associated infections. S. aureus can also cause serious infections Complications such as pneumonia (infection of the lungs) or bacteremia (bloodstream infection). Most skin infections resolve without treatment, o Symptoms of these infections include: however, some infections require incision and difficulty breathing, malaise, fever, or chills. drainage or antibiotic treatment to cure the If you suspect you may have an infection with infection. S. aureus contact your healthcare provider. Skin infections that are left untreated can develop into more serious life-threatening infections such Duration of illness as infections of the bone or blood. Some people can be colonized with S. aureus Some people experience repeated infections with and never get an infection. S. aureus. o For those people who do get an infection, There is a possibility for longer lasting or more the time from exposure to development of severe infections with Methicillin-resistant disease can be from days to years. Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) if the initial Many common skin infections caused by S. antibiotic prescribed is not capable of killing the aureus will heal without medical treatment. bacteria. o However, some skin infections will require incision and drainage of the infected site and some infections may require antibiotics. Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Prevention and Control 651-201-5414 – TDD/TTY 651-201-5797 – www.health.state.mn.us .
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  • Family Practice
    THE JOURNAL OF FAMILY ONLINE EXCLUSIVE PRACTICE Paul K. Carlton, Jr, MD, Brown recluse spider bite? FACS The Texas A&M University Consider this uniquely Health Science Center College Station, Tex conservative treatment [email protected] An antihistamine and observation work as well— and often better—than more intensive therapies. Practice recommendations oped it in 4 phases, which I describe in • Be concerned about brown recluse this article. Not only does this conser- envenomation when a patient vative approach consistently heal con- reports intensifying localized firmed brown recluse bite wounds, but pain disproportionate to physical should a bite be mistakenly attributed findings after a “bite” (C). to the brown recluse (or one of its rela- tives in the Loxosceles genus of spider), • Prescribe an oral antihistamine there is no harm to the patient, nor any alone to control symptoms, even big expense. with a necrotic wound, and mark the IN THIS ARTICLE patient’s progress over 24 hours (C). z Spider bite z Is a brown recluse • If the patient improves dramatically, to blame? or MRSA? continue the antihistamine; with little Due to limited experience among the Page E6 or no improvement, consider giving an wider medical community in identifying antibiotic with the antihistamine (C). spider envenomation,1-4 bite recognition and selection of appropriate therapy can Strength of recommendation (SOR) be difficult. A Good-quality patient-oriented evidence Early findings can be confusing. B Inconsistent or limited-quality patient-oriented evidence C Consensus, usual practice, opinion, disease-oriented Brown recluse bites typically feel like a evidence, case series pin prick.
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  • Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Production in Catalase-Positive Gram-Positive Cocci Isolated from Brazilian Pasteurized Milk M.A.A
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  • Staphylococcus Aureus (Staph)
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