Montana Freemason Feburary 2013 Volume 86 Number 1 Montana Freemason February 2013 Volume 86 Number 1 Th e Montana Freemason is an offi cial publication of the Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Montana. Unless otherwise noted,articles in this publication express only the private opinion or assertion of the writer, and do not necessarily refl ect the offi cial position of the Grand Lodge. Th e jurisdiction speaks only through the Grand Master and the Executive Board when attested to as offi cial, in writing, by the Grand Secretary. Th e Editorial staff invites contributions in the form of informative articles, reports, news and other timely Subscription - the Montana Freemason Magazine information (of about 350 to 1000 words in length) is provided to all members of the Grand Lodge that broadly relate to general Masonry. Submissions A.F.&A.M. of Montana. 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Page 2 Montana Freemason February 2013 Volume 86 Number 1 Thom Chisholm Grand Master Lux et Veritas - Message from Grand Master 4 The Goose and Gridiron 8 Montana Governors Who Were Freemasons 10 Guisseppe Garibaldi 20 The Rite Corner 23 Are We Truly Masons 24 Quatuar Coronati 25 Master and Commander 26 Book Review 27 Celestial Lodge 28 New Craftsmen 29 Hands of the Workmen 30 50 Year Members 31 Page 3 Montana Freemason February 2013 Volume 86 Number 1 Greetings From Th e Gand East Lux et Veritas Brothers, to begin this correspondence, I would Th e fi rst point of order is to clearly establish that like to discuss the motto of Yale University; Lux et the cause of these concerns does not come from the Veritas. Th is Latin phrase has been adopted by several actions of the Grand Secretary or the Tribunal, but institutes of higher learning in the United States, rather are directly related to those of my predecessor. including my collegiate alma mater in Missoula. Th e Tribunal was formed according to the Code Mottos such as these are chosen for very specifi c and Constitution to deal with the actions stemming purposes to be a guiding directive as man ventures from RW Duff y’s decision to fi re an elected offi cer. forward in his formal learning. It has captured my Th e minimum number of fi ve sitting Worshipful attention this year as I ponder the state of the craft in Masters brought charges upon RW Duff y triggering Montana. Th e phrase lux et veritas is translated into the formation of the Tribunal by the immediate past English as light and truth. Light and truth, there are Grand Master. It is a fact that there were more Masters few directives that could provide a better path for one than necessary for this to happen. Th ere were eight or to follow. nine with more intending to do so, but it was found to be unnecessary to have more than the initial fi ve. Th e It is the need for light and truth that I present this remaining elements of the Tribunal, including the communication to the craft . Frankly, I know that selection of its members and the processes involved most, if not all, Masons in Montana are aware of the all were done within the parameters of the Code. fact that the current concerns in Masonry are not of A great deal of care was taken to select Past Grand my doing. However, as the elected and installed DGM Masters that had not served with RW Duff y, so as to (and Grand Master elect) I have assumed the powers, not demonstrate a bias. Th ose selected represented title, and authority of Grand Master, according to code Montana’s varied geographical regions, as well as due to vacancy in the offi ce. As such, I am the person the living history present in Montana’s Past Grand who has to deal with these issues and concerns. I Masters. Th at is to say, as many eras of history were have tried desperately to approach my tasks with one represented as possible. It is also noteworthy to point concern in mind, the perseverance and integrity of the out that two of these fi ve had served on Jurisprudence craft and its members. I was confi dent, and still am, in prior years and had a strong understanding of the that the lessons of Masonry can and will prevail. I Code. have tried to be patient and forgiving, and yet I feel myself being torn by the actions of some members. Many have questioned the timing and notice of Aft er many, many hours of phone calls and emails such to the craft of the Tribunal process. Again, the with the members of Jurisprudence, I have focused on answer is that it was dictated by the Code, and as some fundamental beliefs. Th e fi rst, and foremost, is well as the fact that the act was committed during that I will not venture outside the boundaries of our the summer when most lodges are dark. It is also Code and Constitution to provide leadership to this a fact that RW Duff y, as then Grand Master, was Fraternity. Likewise, however, I cannot tolerate those the only one who could have authorized circulating who are either, blatantly violating the code, or trying information to lodges to give proper notice. Th e to skirt within the shadows of some obscure, if not Tribunal was conducted exactly in the manner for incorrect, interpretation of our laws. Also, there needs which it was intended; the current Grand Master to be factual elements presented to illustrate the truth. had violated the code and sitting Masters called for a It is also necessary to dispel some of the propaganda trial. Th e members of the Tribunal found RW Duff y that has been generated without approval of the unanimously guilty on all fi ve charges and he was Grand Master. As required by the Code, circularizing removed from offi ce. without approval results in Unmasonic conduct (see Code, section 46020 D4). Page 4 Montana Freemason February 2013 Volume 86 Number 1 Th ere are, however, other factual positions that I do fi nd it necessary to address one particular have not generally surfaced about this process and the item in more detail; the pretense that some time leading up to the Tribunal. It is a fact that the funds were mishandled. Th e false accusation of Jurisprudence Committee Chairman had informed mismanagement of funds by the Grand Secretary RW Duff y, prior to his decision to fi re the Grand was summarily dismissed at the Great Falls meeting Secretary, that such action was a clear violation of the by the Grand Treasurer. Th e information in question code and that RW Duff y did not have the authority to was the amount due for a bill that was incurred by remove an elected offi cer. Th is recommendation was the Montana Masonic Foundation for architectural ignored. It is also true that the fi ring of the elected drawings for a potential lodge room. It is a fact that offi cer was being reviewed as a violation of wrongful the Executive Committee approved the motion (I will discharge under Montana Code Annotated, which attest to this because I made the motion). It is also a would make the Grand Lodge of Montana liable for fact that the bill came in at $6,000 from the fi rm, and RW Duff y’s action. It was only the respect for our that the Grand Secretary contacted the architects and Fraternity, held by the Grand Secretary, which staved had them change the amount to $3,000 because they off this course of legal action. came in well over the motioned cost of $2,500. Th is amount was paid for from two separate accounts, a It is important to note that RW Duff y summoned not uncommon practice. Th e point is we paid the the Grand Lodge Offi cers, Brother Prewett, and the bill, as Masons always do, and the Grand Secretary Jurisprudence Committee to Great Falls for a special actually saved us money.