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Economy of Malaysia Pdf Economy of malaysia pdf Continue Malaysia's economyKuala Lumpur, the national capital of Malaysia, and its largest cityCurrencyRinggit (MYR, RM)Financial yearKalendar yearAPEC, ASEAN, IOR-ARC, WTOCountry Development Group/Emerging 1 Top-Middle Income Economics (2) StatisticsPopulation 31.528.585 (2018) $900 billion (PPP, 2020) GDP ranked 39th (nominal, 2020) 25th (PPP, 2020)) GDP growth of 4.7% (2018) 4.3% (2019) 3.1% (2020f) 6.9% (2021f) GDP per capita $10,192 (nominal, 2020) $27,287 (PPP, 2020 est.. GDP by agriculture: 7.1% industry: 36.8% services: 56.2% (2016) Inflation (CPI) - 1.1% (2020) [4] Население за чертой бедности 15% (2019 г.) 2,7% менее чем на $5,50/день (2015 г.) Всемирный банк) Индекс развития человека 0.804 очень высок (2018) (61-е место) N/A IHDI (2018) 2 (2019 г.) - 66,1% занятости (2018 г.) Рабочая сила по профессии сельского хозяйства: 11,1% промышленности: 36% услуг: 53% (2012 г.) Безработица 3,4% (июнь 2017 г.) полупроводники, микрочипы, интегрированные схемы, резина, олеохимические, автомобильные, оптические приборы, фармацевтические препараты, медицинское оборудование, плавка, древесина, древесная целлюлоза, исламские финансы, нефть, ликуированный природный газ, нефтехимия, телекоммуникационный продуктEase-of-doing-business занимают 12-е место (очень легко, 2020) [17] Экспортные товарыСемипроводор - электронная продукция, пальмовое масло, сжиженный природный газ, нефть, химикаты, машины, транспортные средства, оптическое и научное оборудование, производство металла, каучука, древесины и древесной продукцииМаин экспортных партнеров Китая (я) 16% Сингапура (я) 14% США (я) 13% Япония (я) 6,7% Гонконг (я) 5,2% Таиланд (я) 4,1% Индия ())3,4% (2017) [17] Импортные товарыЭлектроэлектронной продукции , engineering, chemicals, oil, plastics, vehicles, steel production, iron and steelMain import partners of China (1 9% Singapore () 14% USA (i) 7.4% Japan (i) 6.8% Thailand (i) 5.5% Indonesia (i) 4.4% South Korea () 4.2 1% (2017) Overseas: $128.5 billion (December 31, 2017) Current account $9.296 billion (2017) Gross external debt of $217.2 billion (December 31, 2017) Public FinanceSCommunical debt 54.1% of GDP (2017) (Note 1) Budget Balance 3% (GDP) (2017) Revenue51.25 billion (2017) Expenses60.63 billion (2017) Economic Assistance $31.6 Million (2005) Credit Rating Standard No Poor's: (Domestic) A (Foreign) AP (Assessment of TPC) Prospects: Stable Moody's: A3 Outlook: Positive Fitch: Prospects: Stable Currency Reserves US$103.4 Billion (April 30, 2019) Dollars. Malaysia's economy is the sixth largest in Southeast Asia. 1st Indonesia, 2nd Thailand, 3rd Philippines, 4th Vietnam, 5th Singapore, sixth Malaysia and 39th largest economy in the world according to the International Monetary Fund 2020. Malaysia has a recently industrialized market economy that is relatively open and state-oriented. Malaysia's economy is very robust and diversified, with a high-tech export value of US$57.258 billion in 2015, the second highest since Singapore in ASEAN. Malaysia exports the second largest volume and value of palm oil products in the world after Indonesia. Despite the Government's policy of increasing its per capita income to accelerate progress towards being a high-income country by 2020, wage growth in Malaysia has been very slow, lagging behind OECD standards. Academic studies by the IMF and the World Bank have repeatedly called for structural reforms, such as the abolition of Bumiputera policies and endogenous innovations, to propel the country up the supply chain to allow Malaysia to avoid the current middle income trap. Due to the heavy dependence on oil exports for central government revenues, currency fluctuations have been very volatile, marked during the oversupply and the collapse of oil prices in 2015. However, the Government has stepped up measures to increase revenue by introducing a sales and service tax (SST) of 6% to reduce the deficit and meet the obligations on the federal debt. Story Home article: The Economic History of Malaysia As one of the three countries that control the Strait of Malacca, international trade plays a very important role in Malaysia's economy. At one time it was the largest producer of tin, rubber and palm oil in the world. Manufacturing has a big impact in the economy of the country, which accounts for more than 40% of GDP. Malaysia is also the world's largest Islamic banking and financial centre. In the 1970s, Malaysia began to emulate the four Asian tiger economies (South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore) and pledged to move from dependence on mining and agriculture to an economy that was more dependent on manufacturing. In the 1970s, Malaysia's economy, based mainly on mining and agriculture, began the transition to a more multi-vector economy. Since the 1980s, the industrial sector has led Malaysia in growth rates. A high level of investment played a significant role in this. With Japanese investment, heavy industry flourished and for several years, Malaysian exports became the main engine of the country's growth. consistently achieved more than 7% GDP growth, along with low inflation in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1991, former Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad laid out his ideal Vision 2020 in which Malaysia would become a self-sufficient industrial industrial by 2020. Tan Sri Nor Mohamed, a government minister, said Malaysia could become a developed country in 2018 if the country's growth remains constant or increases. Malaysia experienced an economic boom and underwent rapid development at the end of the 20th century and has a PER CAPITA GDP (nominal) of US$11,062,043 in 2014, and is considered a new industrial country. In 2009, PPP GDP was US$383.6 billion, about half of the 2014 total and GDP per capita of US$8,100, about a third of the 2014 total. In 2014, a government government-held household income survey found that there were 7 million households in Malaysia, an average of 4.3 members per household. The average household income of Malaysian households increased by 18% to RM5,900 per month, compared to RM5,000 in 2012. According to an HSBC report for 2012, Malaysia will become the 21st largest economy in the world by 2050 with a GDP of $1.2 trillion ($2,000 a year) and a per capita GDP of $29,247 ($2,000). The report also states: Electronic equipment, oil and liquefied natural gas producer will see a significant increase in per capita income. Life expectancy in Malaysia, relatively high schooling and a higher average fertility rate will help to expand rapidly. Victor Shvets, managing director of Credit Suisse, said: Malaysia has all the necessary ingredients to become a developed country. Economic monetary policy before the Asian financial crisis of 1997, the Malaysian ringgit was an internationalized currency that traded freely around the world. Shortly before the crisis, Ringgit was trading at RM2.50 per dollar. Due to speculative activity, Ringgit fell to 4.10 RM4.10 against the dollar for several weeks. Bank Negara Malaysia, the country's central bank, has decided to introduce capital controls to prevent The Ringgit from entering the open market. Ringgit became un-internationalized and the traveler had to declare to the central bank if you take more than RM10,000 out of the country and Ringgit itself was pegged at RM3.80 to the US dollar. The fixed exchange rate was abolished in favour of a floating exchange rate in July 2005, hours after China announced the same move. At the moment, Ringgit has not yet been internationalized. Ringgit continued to strengthen to 3.18 against the dollar by March 2008 and rose to 2.94 against the dollar in May 2011. Meanwhile, many aspects of capital controls have been slowly relaxed by Bank negara Malaysia. However, the government still does not internationalize Ringgit. The government has stated that Ringgit will be internationalized as soon as it is ready. Bank Negara Malaysia is currently using interest rates. Rate Night Policy (OPR) is their political tool and is used to guide short-term interbank interbank that we hope will affect inflation and economic growth. Key action: Malaysian New Economic Policy Tun Abdul Razak, who was then Prime Minister, implemented an affirmative action policy called the new economic policy shortly after the May 13, 1969 incident. Prior to the incident, the poverty rate among Malays was extremely high (at 65%). like discontent between races, especially with regard to the Chinese, who controlled 74% of the economy at the time. Through NEP, most Bumiputeras receive priorities and special privileges in housing construction, scholarships, and for the ownership of publicly registered companies. Malaysia's new economic policy was established in 1971 with the aim of attracting Malays to a 30% share of Malaysia's economy and eradicating poverty among Malays, mainly by promoting business ownership of Bumiputeras. After 40 years of the program, bumiputra equity rose to 23% worth RM167.7 billion in 2010 against 2.4% in 1970. The NEP is accused of creating an oligarchy and creating a subsidiary mentality. Political parties such as the Kidilan Rakyat Party and the Democratic Action Party have proposed a new policy that will be equal for every Malaysian, regardless of race. When the Democratic Action Party was elected in Penang state in 2008, it announced that it would take over the NEP, claiming that it ... creates nepotism, corruption and systemic inefficiency. Wolfgang Kasper, professor of economics at the University of New South Wales and once an adviser to Malaysia's finance ministry, criticised the NEP, saying that the NEP handouts (are) making Malays lazy, corrupt and swell their heads. Worst of all, it keeps them poor. He also criticized the federal government for providing cash payments and financial assistance instead of providing equal access to education to help marginalized poor raise their incomes. On April 21, 2009, Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak announced the liberalization of 27 sub-currency services, abolishing the requirement of 30% bumiputera.
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