Periodontal Disease

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Periodontal Disease Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is an infection that attacks the bone and gums that support your teeth. It is the most common cause of tooth loss in adults. Bacteria in your mouth, called plaque, are the major cause of periodontal disease. Other things — such as the general condition of your teeth, your nutrition and general health, habits and emotional stress — can contribute to periodontal disease. If bacteria are not removed regularly by brushing and flossing, plaque can harden into tartar (also called calculus). The rough surface of this tartar will help more bacteria to stay close to your teeth and under the gumline. This bacteria make products that can harm your gums and the bone around your teeth. Periodontal disease is painless and, in the early stages, it is difficult to detect. Common early warning signs may include bad breath and tender or swollen gums that bleed when you brush and floss your teeth. Periodontal disease can be prevented with proper dental care, started at an early age, that includes brushing, flossing and regular dental visits. Caught in the early stages, periodontal disease is easy to treat. You can keep your teeth and mouth healthy for a lifetime! Ask your dental hygienist and dentist to evaluate the health of your gums. For more information, contact Illinois Department of Public Health, Division of Oral Health 535 W. Jefferson St., Springfield, IL 62761 217-785-4899, TTY (hearing impaired use only) 800-547-0466 NOTE: This fact sheet was derived from one previously published by the Arizona Department of Health Services. .

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Long-Term Uncontrolled Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis: a Case Report
Long-term Uncontrolled Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis: A Case Report Abstract Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare condition characterized by varying degrees of gingival hyperplasia. Gingival fibromatosis usually occurs as an isolated disorder or can be associated with a variety of other syndromes. A 33-year-old male patient who had a generalized severe gingival overgrowth covering two thirds of almost all maxillary and mandibular teeth is reported. A mucoperiosteal flap was performed using interdental and crevicular incisions to remove excess gingival tissues and an internal bevel incision to reflect flaps. The patient was treated 15 years ago in the same clinical facility using the same treatment strategy. There was no recurrence one year following the most recent surgery. Keywords: Gingival hyperplasia, hereditary gingival hyperplasia, HGF, hereditary disease, therapy, mucoperiostal flap Citation: S¸engün D, Hatipog˘lu H, Hatipog˘lu MG. Long-term Uncontrolled Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:090-096. © Seer Publishing 1 The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, Volume 8, No. 1, January 1, 2007 Introduction Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF), also Ankara, Turkey with a complaint of recurrent known as elephantiasis gingiva, hereditary generalized gingival overgrowth. The patient gingival hyperplasia, idiopathic fibromatosis, had presented himself for examination at the and hypertrophied gingival, is a rare condition same clinic with the same complaint 15 years (1:750000)1 which can present as an isolated ago. At that time, he was treated with full-mouth disorder or more rarely as a syndrome periodontal surgery after the diagnosis of HGF component.2,3 This condition is characterized by had been made following clinical and histological a slow and progressive enlargement of both the examination (Figures 1 A-B).
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Dentinal Hypersensitivity: a Review
Dentinal Hypersensitivity: A Review Abstract Dentinal hypersensitivity is generally reported by the patient after experiencing a sharp pain caused by one of several different stimuli. The pain response varies substantially from one person to another. The condition generally involves the facial surfaces of teeth near the cervical aspect and is very common in premolars and canines. The most widely accepted theory of how the pain occurs is Brannstrom’s hydrodynamic theory, fluid movement within the dentinal tubules. The dental professional, using a variety of diagnostic techniques, will discern the condition from other conditions that may cause sensitive teeth. Treatment of the condition can be invasive or non-invasive in nature. The most inexpensive and efficacious first line of treatment for most patients is a dentifrice containing a desensitizing active ingredient such as potassium nitrate and/or stannous fluoride. This review will address the prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. In addition the home care recommendations will focus on desensitizing dentifrices. Keywords: Dentinal hypersensitivity, hydrodynamic theory, stannous fluoride, potassium nitrate Citation: Walters PA. Dentinal Hypersensitivity: A Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May;(6)2:107-117. © Seer Publishing 1 The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, Volume 6, No. 2, May 15, 2005 Introduction The prevalence of dentinal hypersensitivity Dentifrices and mouth rinses are routinely used has been reported over the years in a variety as a delivery system for therapeutic agents of ways: as greater than 40 million people such as antimicrobials and anti-sensitivity in the U.S. annually1, 14.3% of all dental agents. Therapeutic oral care products are patients2, between 8% and 57% of adult dentate available to assist the patient in the control of population3, and up to 30% of adults at some time dental caries, calculus formation, and dentinal during their lifetime.4 hypersensitivity to name a few.
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Periodontal Health, Gingival Diseases and Conditions 99 Section 1 Periodontal Health
CHAPTER Periodontal Health, Gingival Diseases 6 and Conditions Section 1 Periodontal Health 99 Section 2 Dental Plaque-Induced Gingival Conditions 101 Classification of Plaque-Induced Gingivitis and Modifying Factors Plaque-Induced Gingivitis Modifying Factors of Plaque-Induced Gingivitis Drug-Influenced Gingival Enlargements Section 3 Non–Plaque-Induced Gingival Diseases 111 Description of Selected Disease Disorders Description of Selected Inflammatory and Immune Conditions and Lesions Section 4 Focus on Patients 117 Clinical Patient Care Ethical Dilemma Clinical Application. Examination of the gingiva is part of every patient visit. In this context, a thorough clinical and radiographic assessment of the patient’s gingival tissues provides the dental practitioner with invaluable diagnostic information that is critical to determining the health status of the gingiva. The dental hygienist is often the first member of the dental team to be able to detect the early signs of periodontal disease. In 2017, the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) developed a new worldwide classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions. Included in the new classification scheme is the category called “periodontal health, gingival diseases/conditions.” Therefore, this chapter will first review the parameters that define periodontal health. Appreciating what constitutes as periodontal health serves as the basis for the dental provider to have a stronger understanding of the different categories of gingival diseases and conditions that are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Learning Objectives • Define periodontal health and be able to describe the clinical features that are consistent with signs of periodontal health. • List the two major subdivisions of gingival disease as established by the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology.
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Third molar (wisdom) teeth This information leaflet is for patients who may need to have their third molar (wisdom) teeth removed. It explains why they may need to be removed, what is involved and any risks or complications that there may be. Please take the opportunity to read this leaflet before seeing the surgeon for consultation. The surgeon will explain what treatment is required for you and how these issues may affect you. They will also answer any of your questions. What are wisdom teeth? Third molar (wisdom) teeth are the last teeth to erupt into the mouth. People will normally develop four wisdom teeth: two on each side of the mouth, one on the bottom jaw and one on the top jaw. These would normally erupt between the ages of 18-24 years. Some people can develop less than four wisdom teeth and, occasionally, others can develop more than four. A wisdom tooth can fail to erupt properly into the mouth and can become stuck, either under the gum, or as it pushes through the gum – this is referred to as an impacted wisdom tooth. Sometimes the wisdom tooth will not become impacted and will erupt and function normally. Both impacted and non-impacted wisdom teeth can cause problems for people. Some of these problems can cause symptoms such as pain & swelling, however other wisdom teeth may have no symptoms at all but will still cause problems in the mouth. People often develop problems soon after their wisdom teeth erupt but others may not cause problems until later on in life.
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Patient Fact Sheet Gum Disease (Periodontal Disease) It can often go unnoticed – until it’s too late. While you may not think periodontal (gum) disease affects you, 75 percent of adults over the age of 35 show signs and symptoms. In fact, periodontal disease is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Why? Because it occurs at an age when cavities are usually a thing of the past and the initial symptoms often go unnoticed. Recent studies have also shown a possible link between periodontal disease and heart disease. One theory in support of this is that the bacteria that cause periodontal disease enter the bloodstream and promote blood clots and narrowing of the arteries that cause heart attacks. It has also been shown that if a woman develops severe periodontal disease during pregnancy, she is more likely to give birth to a low birth weight infant. Research also shows periodontal disease is linked to many other health problems, as well. What is gum (periodontal) If I have no symptoms, how do I How can I prevent periodontal disease? What causes it? know if I have gum disease? disease? Periodontal disease, or gum disease, is a bacterial Periodontal disease can be easily detected by your • Brush your teeth twice a day with a soft-bristled infection of the gums, ligaments and bone that support general dentist or a periodontist (a specialist in toothbrush. Hold the brush at a 45-degree angle to the teeth and anchor them in the jaw. The bacteria, periodontal diseases) during regular dental the gum line and gently clean where the gums meet which act mainly on certain carbohydrates in our diets, examinations.Therefore, regular checkups, ideally every your teeth.
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