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1 LIGHT PHYSICS Light and Lighting Francesco Anselmo Light Intro Light Animates and Reveals Architecture

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1 LIGHT PHYSICS

Light and Lighting

Francesco Anselmo

Light intro

Light animates and reveals architecture. Architecture cannot fully exist without light, since without light there would be nothing to see.

Yet in architectural design light is usually either expected from nature or developed as an add-on attachment very late in the design process.

The course explores the symbiotic relationship between architecture and light.

As much as light can reveal architecture, architecture can animate light, making it

bounce, scatter, refract, altering its spectrum and colour perception, absorbing it or reflecting it, modulating its path and strength in both space and time.

It aims at developing a sensibility and intuition to the qualities of light, whilst giving the physical and computational tools to explore and validate design ideas.

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4 LIGHT ELECTRIC

1 LIGHT PHYSICS

7 LIGHT CONNECTED

2 LIGHT BIOLOGY 5 LIGHT ARCHITECTURE

3 LIGHT NATURAL 6 LIGHT VIRTUAL

Reading list

Books

Bachelard, Gaston. The poetics of space, Beacon Press 1992

Free online resources

• http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/ligcon.html

Banham, Reyner. The architecture of the well-tempered Environment, Chicago University Press 1984 Bazerman, Charles. The languages of Edison’s light, MIT Press 2002

Berger, John. Ways of seeing, Pearson Education, Limited, 2002

• http://thedaylightsite.com/ • http://issuu.com/lightonline/docs/handbook-of-lighting-design • http://www.radiance-online.org/

Berger, John. About looking, Bloomsbury Publishing 2009

Bluhm, Andreas. Light! The industrial age 1750-1900, Carnegie Museum of Art 2000

Boyce, Peter R. Human Factors in Lighting, Taylor & Francis 2003

Calvino, Italo. 6 Memos for the Next Millennium, Vintage 1996 Casati, Roberto. The shadow club: the greatest mystery in the universe - shadows - and the thinkers who unlocked their secrets, Diane Publishing Company, 2006 Cuttle, Christopher. Lighting design: a perception-based approach, Publisher Routledge, 2015

Cruz-Diez, Carlos. Reflection on Colour, Fundacion Juan March 2009 Duston, Claudia. Light volumes, dark matters, Helen Hamlyn Research Centre, 2010

Gibson, James J. The ecological approach to visual perception, Psychology Press 1986 Gregory, R L. Eye and brain, the psychology of seeing, Littlehampton Book Services Ltd 1977 Ings, Simon. The eye: a natural history, Bloomsbury Publishing 2008 Lam, William M C. Perception and lighting as formgivers for architecture, McGraw-Hill 1977

Lockley, Steven W., G. Foster, Russell. Sleep: a very short introduction, Volume 295 of Very Short Introductions, OUP Oxford, 2012

Lowell Ross. Matters of light & depth: creating memorable images for video, film & stills through lighting, Broad Street Books, 1992

Millet Marietta S. Light Revealing Architecture, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996

Minnaert M. The nature of light and colour in the open air, Courier Corporation, 1954-2013 Pallasmaa Juhani. The eyes of the skin: architecture and the senses, John Wiley & Sons 2012 Pharr Matt, Humphreys Greg. Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation, Morgan Kaufmann, 2010

Reinhard Erik, Heidrich Wolfgang, Debevec Paul, Pattanaik Sumanta, Ward Greg, Myszkowski Karol, High Dynamic Range Imaging: Acquisition, Display, and Image-Based Lighting, Morgan Kaufmann, 2010

Rasmussen Steen Eiler. Experiencing Architecture, MIT Press 1962 Tanizaki, Junichiro. In praise of shadows, Vintage 2001 Ward Greg, Shakespeare Rob. Rendering with Radiance: the art and science of lighting visualization, Space & Light, 2003

structure of lessons

••••

introduction lecture / laboratory example project assignment

Francesco Anselmo

I am a lighting and interaction designer working in Arup’s lighting design team. I like to get involved with both the art and science of lighting. I love how light can shape the experience of a place, influencing people’s moods and emotions and stimulating behaviours. During my time with Arup, I have been involved in architectural lighting and daylighting design for a broad range of international projects, with a special focus on workplaces, schools and art galleries. One of my proudest experiences was working on the daylighting design for the Dwabor Kindergarten in Ghana. My initial design and research interests were daylighting, sustainability, visual perception and lighting control. More recently I have developed a strong passion for user interface design, physical computing and the creative and engineering aspects of art installations. This has led me to explore how web design and digital technologies can simplify or amplify our daily interactions with automated buildings and to question what words like intelligent and smart mean in the context of the built environment.

in 3 words, what is light for you?

1 LIGHT PHYSICS

volume balance

emotional

visibility visibility atmosphere atmosphere atmosphere atmosphere senses space

space

time beauty truth safe safe atmospheric atmospheric

focal point nature

physical vibrancy

articulate necessary

energy energy

energy device

  • contrast
  • illumination

illumination ambience colour colour

colour speed shadow shadow shadow speed

the phenomenon of light

  • Galileo
  • Euclid
  • Alhazen

optics, telescope attempts to find speed of light

  • rectilinear propagation
  • law of reflection

  • Kepler
  • Snel
  • Fermat
  • Grimaldi

  • total internal reflection
  • law of reflection

principle of least time diffraction deviation from rectilinear propagation law of refraction

Newton
Huygens
Fresnel

spectrum of light wave theory optics

polarisation luminiferous aether?

Einstein
Maxwell

theory of relativity photon electromagnetic field

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    © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © JonesLight & Bartlett and Learning, LLCthe © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOTElectromagnetic FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION4 Spectrum © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALEJ AMESOR DISTRIBUTIONCLERK MAXWELL WAS BORN IN EDINBURGH, SCOTLANDNOT FOR IN 1831. SALE His ORgenius DISTRIBUTION was ap- The Milky Way seen parent early in his life, for at the age of 14 years, he published a paper in the at 10 wavelengths of Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. One of his first major achievements the electromagnetic was the explanation for the rings of Saturn, in which he showed that they con- spectrum. Courtesy of Astrophysics Data Facility sist of small particles in orbit around the planet. In the 1860s, Maxwell began at the NASA Goddard a study of electricity© Jones and & magnetismBartlett Learning, and discovered LLC that it should be possible© Jones Space & Bartlett Flight Center. Learning, LLC to produce aNOT wave FORthat combines SALE OR electrical DISTRIBUTION and magnetic effects, a so-calledNOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION electromagnetic wave.
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