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Promoting Elite Culture by Pakistani Tv Channels ______
PROMOTING ELITE CULTURE BY PAKISTANI TV CHANNELS ___________________________________________________ _____ BY MUNHAM SHEHZAD REGISTRATION # 11020216227 PhD Centre for Media and Communication Studies University of Gujrat Session 2015-18 (Page 1 of 133) PROMOTING ELITE CULTURE BY PAKISTANI TV CHANNELS A Thesis submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of Degree of PhD In Mass Communications & Media By MUNHAM SHEHZAD REGISTRATION # 11020216227 Centre for Media & Communication Studies (Page 2 of 133) University of Gujrat Session 2015-18 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am very thankful to Almighty Allah for giving me strength and the opportunity to complete this research despite my arduous office work, and continuous personal obligations. I am grateful to Dr. Zahid Yousaf, Associate Professor /Chairperson, Centre for Media & Communication Studies, University of Gujrat as my Supervisor for his advice, constructive comments and support. I am thankful to Dr Malik Adnan, Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, Islamia University Bahawalpur as my Ex-Supervisor. I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Farish Ullah, Dean, Faculty of Arts, whose deep knowledge about Television dramas helped and guided me to complete my study. I profoundly thankful to Dr. Arshad Ali, Mehmood Ahmad, Shamas Suleman, and Ehtesham Ali for extending their help and always pushed me to complete my thesis. I am thankful to my colleagues for their guidance and support in completion of this study. I am very grateful to my beloved Sister, Brothers and In-Laws for -
Filming Pakistan in Zero Budget
Filming Pakistan in Zero Budget Dr. Ahmad Bilal* ABSTRACT: In 2009-10, I have decided to do the doctorate in the art of filmmaking. Those were the years of extreme decline for Pakistan’s film industry. Pakistani film was almost over and there was no evidence of the resurrection of this destroyed industry. Indeed, the future of film industry was doubtful, and the same could be the case for a film researcher. Most of the friends, after knowing my field of research, often asked me that why would I chose to do PhD in the subject of film. As, according to them, this is one of the obnoxious and intolerable field, as it is ruining the society by offering and promoting sinful and immoral acts. So a PhD in such a field might not be fruitful in this world, as well as hereafter. I started thinking about one of the very basic questions that how this perception about the art of making film was built. The study of traditional Pakistani cinema, ‘established cinema’, has disclosed that the medium of film was facing a control from the very beginning. Indeed, the policy of censorship was rooted in the times of imperialism. The censorship policy of the British rule was executed only to restrain socialist political ideology and nationalistic themes (Pendakur 1996; Shoesmith 2009). The main emphasis of the policy focus of mass media systems during colonial regimes was on furthering administrative efficiency” (McMillin 71). The government of Pakistan had inherited the policies of their colonial masters; hence, they executed similar censorship policies even after Independence. -
The AASHA Experience
The AASHA Experience A Decade of Struggle Against Sexual Harassment in Pakistan Fouzia Saeed (Director, Mehergarh) Rafiq Jaffer (Director, Institute of Social Science Lahore) Sadaf Ahmad (Assistant Professor of Anthropology, LUMS) Renate Frech (International Civil Servant) Main Coordinators: Maliha Husain & Khadija Ali MEHERGARH RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS Islamabad, Pakistan Cover Design: Sonia Rafique Photographs: Sajid Munir Printed by: Visionaries Division Copyrights @2011: All rights reserved by Mehergarh: A Center for Learning. ISBN: ----------- 22 December, 2011 Contents Preface 6 Abbreviations and Acronyms 7 1. The Initial Years (2001-2002) 9 1.1. The Beginnings of AASHA 9 1.2. The Official Launching of AASHA 10 1.3. Situation Analysis of Sexual Harassment at the Workplace 12 1.4. Guidelines for Creating a Working Environment Free of Discrimination and Harassment 12 1.5. Developing the Code of Conduct for Gender Justice at the Workplace 13 1.6. The Government Decides to Adopt the Code as an Employer 15 2. Shift of Policy Cooperation with the Private Sector (2002-2003) 17 2.1. Taking the Code to the Private Sector 17 2.2. The AASHA Annual Award Ceremonies, 2002-2003 18 2.3. Training Activities, 2002-2003 19 2.4. Media Campaigns, 2002-2003 19 2.5. AASHA Annual Assemblies of Working Women, 2002-2003 20 2.6. AASHA's Internal Processes, 2002-2003 20 3. Re-engaging with the Government while Continuing working with the Private Sector (2004-2006) 22 3.1. Going Back to Government 22 3.2. The Civil Service Disciplinary Rules (ESTA Code) 22 3.3. The Education and Labour Sectors 24 3.4. -
The Complete Magazine for the Region October 2019
The Complete Magazine for the Region OCTOBER 2019 www.southasia.com.pk Afghanistan Afg. 50 Australia A$ 6 Bangladesh Taka 100 Bhutan NU 50 Brazil BRL 20 Canada C$ 6 China RMB 30 France EUR 45 Hong Kong HK$ 30 India Rs. 100 Japan ¥ 500 Korea Won 3000 Malaysia RM 6 Maldives Rf 45 Myanmar MMK10 Nepal NcRs. 75 New Zealand NZ$ 7 Pakistan Rs. 200 Philippines P 75 Saudi Arabia SR 15 Singapore S$ 8 Sri Lanka Rs. 100 WHITHER Thailand B 100 Turkey Lira. 2 UAE AED 10 UK £ 3 USA $ 5 WORLD BANK? Despite massive funding, the World Bank has not been able to achieve its mission to eradicate poverty in South Asian countries. PAKISTAN INDIA AFGHANISTAN YEMEN FATA Integration Kashmir Crisis Uncomfortable Truth End Game SOUTHASIA • OCTOBER 2019 3 CONTENTS 16 Cover Story The World Bank's project financing impact should have more visibility. Waziristan Dhaka Editor’s Desk 07 Challenges of Integration 33 About Face 40 Readers’ Thoughts 08 Kabul Kartarpur Elusive Solution 34 The Sikh Card 41 Who Said That! 10 Damp Squib 36 Neighbour Grapevine 11 Srinagar Drums of War 38 Beijing News Buzz 12 Titanic War 44 Cover Story World Bank Relevance 16 Interview - Zarrar Sehgal 18 Development Agenda 21 Facing the Challenges 23 The Trickle-Up Effect 27 Region Islamabad - New Delhi Signals Game 30 Islamabad Deficit Paradigm 31 30 4 SOUTHASIA • OCTOBER 2019 SLUG 40 49 45 47 53 Kuala Lumpur Mumbai Reality and Hope 45 Muddled Minds 54 54 International Colombo Price of Indiscipline 56 Aden End Game 47 Around Town Feature Khaadi – All Tressed Up 58 Lahore Aviator 8 Limited Edition 58 Celebrating the Real Pakistan 48 Reviews Death of a System 49 Books Islamabad Constitutional and Political Setback for Pakistani doctors 50 History of Pakistan 59 Malé Kashmir as I See It 60 Paradise Lost 51 Films Kabul Aladdin 61 Violence Against Women 53 47 Meters Down: Uncaged 62 SOUTHASIA • OCTOBER 2019 5 EDITor’s DESK A Passionate Appeal The situation prevailing in Jammu & self-determination to the people of Kashmir. -
Lollywood - Pakistani Cinema Through a Transitional Lens
Lollywood - Pakistani Cinema Through A Transitional Lens Dr. Erum Hafeez Aslam1 ABSTRACT The 68-year long history of Pakistani films has had its story of successes and failures. It has been a long time since films, as an industry, have been struggling to carve a niche for themselves. Recuperating from the blow of partition, films produced in Pakistan indicate that despite all odds, the local film industry has a lot of potential in every area of production: be it actors, directors, technicians, poets or script writers. Yet, for some reasons, successful combinations have not been able to sustain themselves long enough to contribute significantly. As a consequence, we have only been exposed to a few glimpses of rare productions. The objective of this study is to archive the historical evolution of Pakistani Cinema and give an overrview of the factors that have supposedly contributed to the rise and fall of the local film industry in different eras. This study follows the two-pronged approach. Both Qualitative Content Analysis and Literature Review are used as the methods of study. Firstly, five top grossing Pakistani films are sampled and content analyzed through popularity charts from each of the six decades under study. Subsequently, relevant literature, including newspapers and magazines articles, reviews and books are referred through online database to complement the analysis of the films. Convenient random sampling technique is used for the selection of the mainstream literature, reviewed. It is evident from the study that the lack of vibrant ideas, repetitive themes, the absence of modern facilities, industry's infighting besides illegal screening of Indian films on cable, new electronic channels and availability of pirated foreign films have led to the downfall of the Pakistani film industry. -
Recent Quest for Distinctive Identity in Pakistani Cinema
Recent Quest for Distinctive Identity in Pakistani Cinema Ahmad Bilal Ph.D. Researcher, School of Art and Design Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham. UK. & University of the Punjab, Pakistan. Abstract Pakistan film industry (Lollywood) has been searching for its distinctive cultural identity, since its inception in 1947. Pakistan and India have been sharing a common cultural history; hence, the basic form of film is also similar, known as masala. Indian films have been considered as one of the biggest threats to the local industry due to the similar language and their high budget. The ban on Indian films in the 1950s has helped the local industry, and more than 100 films per year have been producing in the 1970s and 80s. In 2007, Indian films have been allowed officially to be screened in Pakistan. This has further damaged the traditional masala cinema of Pakistan; however, it also has reactivated the quest for the distinctive cultural identity. Films like Khuda Kay Liay (2007) and Bol (2011) by Shoab Mansoor has worked as a source of inspiration for the new generation of moviemakers, and a new style of cinema has been evolving in Pakistan which is consciously experimenting with various genres. This paper has named it „emergent cinema‟. The data emerged from the semi- structured interviews with the top practitioners of the Pakistan‟s film industry, Syed Noor, Shoab Mansoor, and Bilal Lashari, has disclosed that the emergence of new and convergent media, socio-political actions and globalization have been influencing the path of Pakistani cinema and its search for distinctive cultural identity. -
An Evolutionary Historical Perspective of Pakistan Retail Fashion Industry
10.31384/jisrmsse/2020.18.1.5 An Evolutionary Historical Perspective of Pakistan Retail Fashion Industry Shumaila Kashif 1* Shujaat Mubarik 2 ABSTRACT This study seeks to capture the evolution (emergence, diffusion, and transformation) of the retail fashion industry in Pakistan from largely unorganized to modern commerce retail. In particular, it strives to understand this evolution of "collective activity" as conceptualized by Regina Blaszczyk in terms of interactions among enterprise, culture, consumer, and commerce in the context of emerging economies with an emphasis on past two decades 1998-2018. Narrative analysis is built from Project oral histories (16 in-depth interviews from various experts as well as ordinary consumers, who lived through and witnessed the evolution), supplemented by newspapers, magazines, web articles, and archives. The study demonstrates various political, cognitive, socio-cultural challenges and opportunities faced by early designers/retailers. It also establishes popular culture profound influence in the dissemination of fashion and branding the industry despite political upheavals. Although limited to the Pakistani case, this research outlines the founding feature of the flourishing fashion retail industry in emerging economies and the role of popular culture in the nourishment of creative industries. The evolution of fashion retail in South East Asia in general and Pakistan, in particular, has received very little scholarly attention. The historical analysis contributes a unique perspective in understanding drivers of this evolution as not consumers themselves but the ones who played an active role in the creation of the retail fashion industry in Pakistan build through historical narrative. JEL Classification: L8, L81, N15 Keywords: Historical Evolution, Fashion Industry, Popular Culture, Retail, Oral history, Pakistan fashion retail INTRODUCTION Fashion is a global industry having a huge economic, political, and cultural impact across the globe (Craik, 2009). -
The Established Cinema of Pakistan
Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society Volume No. 03, Issue No. 2, July - December 2017 Ahmad Bilal* The Established Cinema of Pakistan Abstract This paper examines the reasons for the demise of the established cinema of Pakistan. It is considered that the Pakistan film industry was growing in the 1970s and 80s; however, data gathered through semi-structured interviews, with leading film practitioners, have provided new insights about the social shaping of film production in Pakistan. It reveals that even during times of growth, the film industry was struggling to achieve an environment which facilitates further growth. Different national administrations did not realise the importance of film as a subject; however, they tried to control the medium, consciously and unconsciously, to achieve personal agendas. Thus, Pakistan’s cinema industry failed to achieve a sustainable model for productions and their screening. The first democratic government, in the 1970s, formed the National Film Development Corporation (NAFDEC), which is considered, by most filmmakers, to be the only concrete step taken by the government. Even the formation of NAFDEC, has not been able to change the perception of filmmaking, as a non-serious and dirty career path. The subject of filmmaking was never a part of the curriculum at national art institutes. Cinema; A Dirty Business Filmmaking in Pakistan is regarded as the „work of kanjars (hustlers)‟ and watching films is always considered as „a boy‟s night out‟ kind of activity by policy makers (Bilal 2015). Noor (2012), in an interview with the researcher, indicated that the middle class is watching movies, want to meet actors and aspire to collect their autographs, whilst not allowing their family members, particularly females, to join the film industry, considering it „a dirty business‟. -
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Deploying New and Convergent Media to Redefine a Model for Pakistan’S Cinema
PhD Thesis Technological Impact on the Art of Moviemaking: Deploying new and convergent media to redefine a model for Pakistan’s Cinema by Ahmad Bilal The Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Film to School of Art and Design Nottingham Trent University March 2015 This work is the intellectual property of the author. You may copy up to 5% of this work for private study, or personal, non-commercial research. Any re-use of the information contained within this document should be fully referenced, quoting the author, title, university, degree level and pagination. Queries or requests for any other use, or if a more substantial copy is required, should be directed in the owner of the Intellectual Property Rights. 2 All praise belongs to God Dedicated to My Mother Farkhanda Akhtar, Father, Mamu, Professor Shahnawaz Zaidi and Amjad Islam Amjad without whom this research might have remained a dream 3 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................ 6 Practice and fieldwork ....................................................................... 7 Abstract.............................................................................................. 8 Chapter 1: Introduction ...................................................................... 9 1.1. Rationale of the research: ................................................................................... 9 1.2. Introduction: .................................................................................................... -
Vol 5 Issue-05 September
1 Vol 5, Issue 05 www.syncmag.ca | Sep - Oct 2018 2 Vol 5, Issue 05 www.syncmag.ca | Sep - Oct 2018 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CONTENT 6th Hum Award Highlights Sync of CPACT Holiday Buzz Party Season Choice Award SHAZIALATEST JAVED’S DOCUMENTARY ////////////////// 06 24 28 22 36 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// EDITOR’S NOTE ear Readers, CPACT SUCCESS AND AUTUMN HUES WINTER IS COMING! Winter is an etching, spring a watercolor, summer an oil painting, and autumn a mosaic of them all. So it’s official! Fall is now my favorite season. As you age and tuck in a bit of wisdom under your belt, you discover a bit of seasonal snobbery in ones nature. It is now referred to as “autumn”. It is clearly the most elegant word to describe a season of brilliant beauty. Not only is the temperature more to everyone likes, but autumn offers the opportunity to put the wisdom gained in previous months to good use. While schedules pick up pace, the calm, temperate weather brings balance and clarity to the chaos and offers a tranquil assurance. The earlier sunsets signal the need to get some much needed rest. It is more a season of comfort. Like the comfort found in lingering a little longer over a cup of spiced CHAI and the welcoming aroma of a Crockpot at the end of the day. Fall is the time to celebrate life with family and friends and express gratitude. It’s the season when everything bursts with its last beauty, before the year is over, as if nature had been saving up all year for a “grand finale.” DAutumn heralds the transition into a long and cold winter, so embrace it and make the most of all its bounty while it’s upon us. -
An Evolutionary Historical Perspective of Pakistan Retail Fashion Industry
10.31384/jisrmsse/2020.18.1.5 An Evolutionary Historical Perspective of Pakistan Retail Fashion Industry Shumaila Kashif 1* Shujaat Mubarik 2 ABSTRACT This study seeks to capture the evolution (emergence, diffusion, and transformation) of the retail fashion industry in Pakistan from largely unorganized to modern commerce retail. In particular, it strives to understand this evolution of "collective activity" as conceptualized by Regina Blaszczyk in terms of interactions among enterprise, culture, consumer, and commerce in the context of emerging economies with an emphasis on past two decades 1998-2018. Chronological narrative analysis is built from Project oral histories (16 in-depth interviews from various experts as well as ordinary consumers, who lived through and witnessed the evolution), supplemented by newspapers, magazines, web articles, and archives. The study demonstrates various political, cognitive, socio-cultural challenges and opportunities faced by early designers/retailers. It also establishes popular culture profound influence in the dissemination of fashion and branding the industry despite political upheavals. Although limited to the Pakistani case, this research outlines the founding feature of the flourishing fashion retail industry in emerging economies and the role of popular culture in the nourishment of creative industries. The evolution of fashion retail in South East Asia in general and Pakistan, in particular, has received very little scholarly attention. The historical analysis contributes a unique perspective in understanding drivers of this evolution as not consumers themselves but the ones who played an active role in the creation of the retail fashion industry in Pakistan build through historical narrative. JEL Classification: L8, L81, N15 Keywords: Historical Evolution, Fashion Industry, Popular Culture, Retail, Oral history, Pakistan fashion retail.