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The Rights of Children with Special and Additional Support Needs in England and Scotland Report

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The Rights of Children with Special and Additional Support Needs in England and Scotland Report Autonomy, Rights and Children with Special Needs: A New Paradigm? The Rights of Children with Special and Additional Support Needs in England and Scotland Report June 2019 Sheila Riddell and Amanda Gillooly, Centre for Research in Education Inclusion and Diversity (CREID), University of Edinburgh Neville Harris and Gail Davidge, School of Law, University of Manchester Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................................. i Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... i Research Overview ................................................................................................................................................ i Key Findings .......................................................................................................................................................... ii Analysis of Administrative Data ........................................................................................................................ ii Legislative and Policy Frameworks ................................................................................................................... ii The Views of the Key Informants .................................................................................................................... iii The Role of the Local Authority ....................................................................................................................... iv Case Study Analysis ......................................................................................................................................... iv Conclusions and Implications .............................................................................................................................. vi FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................8 Policy Background ................................................................................................................................................9 The Emergence of a Rights Policy Perspective .................................................................................................9 Background to the 2014/2016 Reforms ........................................................................................................ 11 Children and Young People’s Rights under the English and Scottish Legislative Frameworks ..................... 14 Responsibility for Information, Advice and Support ..................................................................................... 22 The Human Rights Framework .......................................................................................................................... 24 Article 12 CRC ................................................................................................................................................ 24 Articles 7 and 24 UN CRPD ............................................................................................................................ 26 Conceptual Framework ..................................................................................................................................... 28 The Case Study Methodology ............................................................................................................................ 30 Findings from Analysis of Administrative Data.................................................................................................. 36 Findings from Local Authority Surveys .............................................................................................................. 45 Training .......................................................................................................................................................... 46 Provision of Advice and Information ............................................................................................................. 46 Reviewing and Consulting with Children and Young People about ASN/SEND Provision ............................. 47 Children and Young People’s Participation in EHCPs and CSPs ..................................................................... 47 Resolution of Disagreements and Disputes ................................................................................................... 48 Parental Involvement .................................................................................................................................... 48 Planning for Future Education or Training .................................................................................................... 48 [Grab your reader’s2 attention with a great quote from the document or use this space to emphasize a key point. To place this text box Findings from English and Scottish Case Studies of Children and Young People .............................................. 49 Areas Where Children’s Rights are Being Promoted ..................................................................................... 49 Areas Where Less Progress has been Made on Children’s Rights ................................................................. 53 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................................ 60 SEN/ASN Reform and Children and Young People’s Rights: Still a Work in Progress in England and Scotland ................................................................................................................................ 60 Implications of the Findings for Different Groups ......................................................................................... 62 REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................................... 64 [Grab your reader’s3 attention with a great quote from the document or use this space to emphasize a key point. To place this text box List of Figures Figure 1: Children with SEN/ASN as a percentage of the total pupil population in England and Scotland, 2007-2018 ............................................................................................................ 36 Figure 2: Percentage of total pupil population with a statutory support plan in England and Scotland, 2010-2018 ............................................................................................................ 36 Figure 3: Classification of all pupils by SEN/ASN designation in England and Scotland, 2018 ........... 37 Figure 4: Percentage of total pupils with a statutory support plan by gender in England and Scotland, 2018 ...................................................................................................................... 38 Figure 5: Percentage of ASN pupils with a CSP by SIMD decile, 2018 ................................................ 39 Figure 6: Total ASN pupils by SIMD decile, 2018 ................................................................................ 39 Figure 7: Percentage of pupils eligible and claiming/registered for free school meals in England and Scotland by pupil group, 2018..................................................................... 40 Figure 8: Percentage of total pupils eligible and claiming FSMs with EHCPs compared to total pupils not eligible for FSMs with EHCPs, in state-maintained primary, secondary and special schools in England, 2018 ................................................................. 41 Figure 9: Percentage of total pupils registered for FSMs with CSPs compared to total pupils not registered for FSMs with CSPs, in state-maintained primary and secondary schools in Scotland, 2018 ...................................................................................................................... 41 Figure 10: Percentage of pupils within each ethnic category identified with ASN in Scotland 2018 ... 42 Figure 11: Percentage of pupils within each ethnic group identified with SEN/ASN in England and Scotland, 2018 (excluding EAL). ........................................................................................... 43 Figure 12: Registered appeals by type in England and Scotland, 2017–2018 ...................................... 44 Figure 13: Registered appeals by type of SEN/ASN in England and Scotland, 2017-2018 ................... 45 List of Tables Table 1: Summary of rights accorded to children (C) and young people (YP) with special educational needs in England (post Children and Families Act 2014) ..................... 20 Table 2: Summary of rights accorded to children (12-15) and young people with additional support needs in Scotland (post Education (Scotland) Act 2016) ...................... 21 Table 3: Scottish LA social and education profiles ............................................................................. 31 Table 4: English LA social and education profiles .............................................................................. 32 Table 5: Case study participant profiles Scotland .............................................................................
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