Dickeya Blackleg Is a More Aggressive Disease Than Blackleg Caused by Pectobacterium Atrosepticum

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PEI Potato Day 2017

 Dickeya is the name of a group of bacteria.  Various Dickeya species cause different plant diseases.

 Two species of Dickeya cause blackleg in potato.
 Dickeya blackleg is a more aggressive disease than blackleg caused by Pectobacterium

atrosepticum.

 One of the blackleg-causing Dickeya species now occurs in Maine, and has been spread to other states.

Blackleg is a potato disease with characteristic symptoms

 seed-piece decay  black-pigmented soft rot of stems  soft rot of tubers
Blackleg is caused by several bacteria:

. Pectobacterium atrosepticum

. Pectobacterium brasiliense . Pectobacterium parmentieri (formerly wasabiae)

. Dickeya dianthicola

. Dickeya solani

ATROSEPTICUM BLACKLEG
DICKEYA BLACKLEG

 Usual cause of blackleg in
Canada – in the past and currently
 Recently introduced into the
United States, probably from Europe

 Favours lower temperatures
 Favours higher temperatures

 Symptoms: almost always clearly evident and visible on stems
 Symptoms: sometimes restricted to internal pith tissue of the stem

 Causes limited yield loss
 May cause serious disease loss

ATROSEPTICUM
DICKEYA

 Blackleg develops from bacteria that move from the seed tuber into the vascular tissue of the stem.

 These bacteria grow and multiple and produce soft-rotting enzymes.

Drawing from Potato Health Management. R.C. Rowe, ed. APS Press

Blackleg Disease Cycle

 The Seed Potato

. They may look healthy and well BUT blackleg bacteria may be present in lenticels or stolon end vascular tissue

 During the growing season — from bacteria that spread from decaying seed pieces

AND
 During harvesting, bin piling, sorting, etc. — whenever tubers come in contact with contaminated surfaces
 Clean seed

▪ High generation seed (fewer field generations) ▪ Know your seed source ▪ Good grower practices (your own and seed supplier) ▪ Laboratory tests (if unsure)

 Sanitation

▪ Bacteria are readily spread on equipment ▪ Blackleg bacteria are sensitive to common disinfectants ▪ Keep equipment clean ▪ Disinfect equipment between lots ▪ Clean up culls

 Roguing – yes, BUT be careful not to spread blackleg bacteria from infected plant.

 Survival in soil and water – yes, but for a limited time only (Dickeya probably a little

more than P . a trosepticum).

 Spread by insects – theoretically yes, but not shown to be important.
1. Remain vigilant 2. Maintain good practices: clean seed & sanitation 3. If blackleg increases – get it lab tested
(so you know what you are dealing with)

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