EDITORIAL STAFF E . L . S h a n e r Editor-in-Chief

E . C. K r e u t z b e h g Editor W m . M . R o o n e y I r w in H . S u c h The Magazine of Metalworking and Metalproducing News Editor Engineering Editor J . D . K n o x G u y H u d b a r d VOL. 118, NO. 13 MAY 13, 1948 Steel Plant Editor Machine Tool Editor

A l l e n G . G r a y D o n S . C a d o t Consulting Editor Art Editor ------NEWS------ASSOCIATE EDITORS G. H. M a n l o v e , W. J. Cam pbell Power, Shipping Restrictions, Due to Coal Strike, Paralyzing Industry ... 59 F. R. Briggs, D. B. W ilkin, Vance B ell Lifting of Wartime Controls from Industry Urged by O ld s ...... 61 Jay DeEulis Foundrymen Seek Increased Efficiency ...... 62 New York: B . K. P r i c e , L . E . B r o w n e Aggressive Selling Stressed at Triple Mill Supply Convention ...... 64 Pittsburgh: J. C. Sullivan Chicago: E. F . Ross D etroit: A. II. A l l e n STEEL’s Editor-in-Chief on Reparations Mission to Far E a st ...... 65 W ashington: L . M. L a m m Steel Shortages Cause Hint of Priority Revival...... 66 London: V i n c e n t D e l p o r t Resale Prices on Steel Products Revised by O PA ...... 67 ASSISTANT EDITORS Maritime Commission Disposing of Damaged and Overage Vessels .... 68 A . J . F i n g u l i n , D o l o r e s K . B l a i i a , Broad Naval Research Program Enlists Aid of Private Facilities ...... 71 Vir g in ia B. H a r m s , J o h n P a r i n a J r . Republic Steel Expanding Silicon Strip and Tin Plate Facilities...... 79 H. C. T u t t l e , H e n r y J. II o l t z See WAA Facing Ticklish Task in Acting on Geneva Steel Plant Bids .... 80 EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENTS West Faces Growing Shortage of Light Finished Steel Products...... 81 K . W . K i n c ë y L . C . F u m i n u n b / Birmingham, Ala. Buüalo, N. Y. G eohgl: U. R k is s S a m u e l S . C a iu ï Youngstown, O. Cincinnati, O. ------TECHNICAL------Ma c H u t c h e n s F . S . T o b i n St. Louis, Mo. Toronto, Ont. Beryllium Copper—Its Uses and Potentialities ...... 88 M a u r i c e B e a m Performance of the alloy is establishing a reputation in industry 4453 Bel Aire Drive, La Canada, Los Angeles, Calif High Speed Production Metallizing ...... 92

R o b e r t B o t t o r f f Use of heavy-duty spraying gun' increases volume of metal deposited 415 Bush St., San Francisco, Calif. Impact Resistance of Welded Stainless ...... 94 R. C. H i l l 408 Marion St., Seattle, Wash. Considerations discussed for procedures with austenitic 18-8 Air-Operated Fixtures Increase Production ...... 95 BUSINESS STAFF Safer production, labor economy are advantages of fixtures and controls Iron and Steel Engineers Meet at Chicago ...... 98 G. O . I I a y s Business Manager Papers presented feature rolling mill practice and equipment R - Ç- J a e n k e C. H . B a i l e y Engineering News at a Glance ...... 102 Advertising Manager Advertising Service Bright Dipping Enhances Surface Appearance ...... 109 New York, E. W. K r e u t z b e r g , K . A . Z o l l n e b Pittsburgh, S. II. J a s p e r . B. C. S n e l l Process conditions surface for plating, passivates it to prevent corrosion Chicago, L . C. P e l o t t , V. G. B r e t t m a n Erie Railroad Modernizes Ore Handling Facilities ...... 114 Cleveland, D. C. K i e f e r , H . G. R o w l a n d Installations of another Hulett unloader to make unloading more flexible Los Angeles, F . J . F u l l e r RESEARCH and PROMOTION FEATURES J . W . Z u b e r , M anager R . L . H a r t f o r d , Assistant Manager H e l e n M e t z n e r , Circulation As the Editor Views the News . 55 Men of Industry ...... 82 61 Obituaries ...... 87 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT Windows of Washington ...... 68 Industrial Equipment ...... 122 A. V. A n d e r s o n , M anager Mirrors of Motordom ...... 75 The Business Trend ...... 156 MAIN OFFICE Activities ...... 78 Construction and Enterprise . . . 180 Penton Building, Cleveland 13, Ohio BRANCH OFFICES ------MARKETS------ï f “ York 17 ...... 16 East 43rd St. «a/go U ...... 520 North Michigan Ave. Pittsburgh 19 ...... 2800 Koppers Bldg. Rough, Rugged Road Faces Steel Industry’s Recovery ...... 161 P f'™ ' 2 ...... 6560 Cass Ave. Market Prices and Composites ...... 162 as lington 4 ...... 95g National Press Bldg. -os Angeles 4 . . 130 N. New Hampshire Ave. London . . . .2 Caxton St., Westminster, S.W. 1 Index to adv ertisers...... 192 • • •

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/ T E E»- Us the {DITO» A Community Job

One of the baffling aspects of the reconversion period in the United States is the apathy of the public toward strikes. During the past five months work stoppages in many lines of business—particu­ VMS larly in steel, electrical equipment and coal—have caused people to endure hardships ranging all the way from simple inconveniences to extremely serious losses.

These hardships have not been borne by any one group or class. They have been inflicted upon rich and poor, skilled and unskilled and city and rural dweller alike. With the curse of strikes distributed so widely, why has there been no great cry of protest from the public? the I M S

A logical answer, under the circumstances, would be that the people generally are sympathetic to the idea of higher pay for workers and are willing to be tolerant of strikes. This reasoning would be acceptable if the flurry of strikes had died down quickly and if industrial peace had followed. However, the threat of strikes is in­ creasing and peace is more remote than ever. It is difficult to believe that the public sympathizes with labor to the extent that it is willing to pay the terrific price of con­ tinued chaotic labor relations over a prolonged or indefinite period.

Another reason advanced is that the people are war weary and must have a chance to blow off steam. The nation has had ample time to blow off steam and to come to its senses on strikes.

A more plausible reason is that the people have been fed so much misinforma­ tion by the federal government and by union propaganda that they do not understand the real economic consequences of many of today’s follies— including labor relations and wage policies. Too many people believe that these strikes somehow are part and parcel of a grand planned program of redistributing income that in some devious way will bring about a utopia of economic stability and abundance for all.

Unfortunately industry’s efforts to point out the fallacies of this type of reason­ ing by means of high-powered national campaigns are discounted heavily by large segments of the public. This raises the question as to whether industry’s educational work would not be more effective if it were organized at the grass roots level.

Place responsibility for promoting sound economic thinking in a community upon the industries in that community. Achieving sound economic thinking in the com­ munity is a sure way of achieving sound economic thinking in the nation.

zT7zrzzzrrzzz:zzi^HEzg ¿7 T ? B B Q» c a May 13, 1946

INCOMPREHENSSBLE: Work stoppages, tions were being attempted while the workers were such as we now are experiencing in the bituminous idle and before the union presented its demands. coal industry, are incomprehensible to visitors from Needless to say the majority of Americans arc abroad. Foreign delegates to the International equally amazed. Who, in his right mind, can under­ Labor Organization meetings in Cleveland and To­ stand the tactics of John L. Lewis in the present ledo the past two weeks, expressed amazement at controversy? His attitude of do as I say, when he the strike tactics of American unions. demands what amounts to his own private tax on Commenting specifically on the coal strike, they industry through the guise of a miners’ health and could not understand how such a work stoppage welfare fund, is so dictatorial and contrary to the could be tolerated, especially where the demands at American way of doing things it flabbergasts one. issue appeared to be undefined and where negotia- Even more astounding is the apparent inability

(OVER)

55 AS THE EDITOR VIEWS THE NEWS

of the government to do anything to end the in­ SIGNS OF THE TIMES: Businessmen tolerable conditions which have resulted from the and industrialists do not think as a unit with respect coal stoppage. Shops close throughout the coun­ to government controls on the economy during the try for want of coal, transportation comes to a halt transition to peace. However, there is uniformity and our cities are browned out all because it is of thinking that the controls should be cased con­ possible for one man, John L. Lewis, to assume so siderably and lifted entirely wherever possible. much power he can tie the nation in knots at his Irving S. Olds, U. S. Steel chairman, says the sooner least whim. wartime controls are lifted from manufactured prod­ Must chaos overwhelm us before we do some­ ucts (p. 61), the better it will be for business and thing to curb such as Lewis, and restore the rule the general public. . . . Selling, which became some­ of reason to the people? —p. 59 thing of a lost art during the war years, again is to the front. Mill supply men meeting in Atlantic City (p. 64) emphasize tire necessity of revitalizing sales staffs to cope with the difficult problems which UNSURPASSED SERVICE: Liberal edu­ will be confronted when present pentup demand for cation in the art of casting metals into useful things 'goods has been satisfied and the struggle for busi­ was offered in Cleveland last week where the golden ness will have developed into something of a battle anniversary convention and equipment exposition of royal. . . . The Maritime Commission is gradually the American Foundrymen’s Association were held. disposing of war-damaged and overage vessels, so Almost 300 manufacturers and suppliers of far having sold (p. 68) 65 bottoms involving about foundry equipment and materials maintained dis­ 225,000 tons of scrap. Indications are future offer­ plays in the spacious Cleveland Public Auditorium, ings will be made at a rate that will provide some­ while convention visitors, numbering in the thou­ thing less than 1,000,000 tons of scrap a year. . sands, were served a technical discussion fare which . . Navy Department is actively pushing an exten­ included nearly 150 papers, addresses, panels and sive program of scientific research (p. 70) calling roundtables covering virtually every conceivable for expenditure of many millions of dollars an­ technical phase of foundry practice. nually. It is banking heavily on the assistance The casting of metals is an ancient and honorable of private industry to achieve its goals. From art with a record of service to civilization unsur­ this multi-million dollar undertaking it is hoped passed by any other. Despite many handicaps the to develop a backlog of fundamental science as industry’s war performance was par excellence. To­ a basis for new and improved weapons. . . . De­ day, a new era of service is opening to it, and found- spite work stoppages and supply shortages the rymen everywhere, conscious of their responsibili­ automobile builders continue to make progress to­ ties, are striving in every way to modernize their ward getting into the swing of peacetime produc­ shops and improve their practice to meet the chal­ tion. New models are being introduced right along, lenge of our times. —p. 62 Studebaker unveiling its latest creations (p. 76) last week. The new models feature sharp breaks in o o o styling from 1942 and 1946 models. Plans called for a flying production start by the beginning of ONE METAL'S MISSION: W hen b e­ May but parts shortages have thrown the company’s ryllium was first known to be lighter than aluminum program into reverse. . . . Government, it appears, with a stiffness comparable to steel, it was heralded is faced with a ticklish problem in deciding on ac­ as a wonder metal which would revolutionize the ceptance or rejection of bids (p. 80) for the Geneva aircraft industry. But high cost of production and Steel plant. If it accepts the offer of U. S. Steel, brittleness of some of its alloys prevented realization some observers think the old political cry of “mo­ of this dream. Development work then turned to­ nopoly” will be raised again. . . . Millions of tons of ward use of beryllium as an alloying agent for iron ore are handled by the Erie Railroad at its heavier metals, especially copper. Marked success docks in Cleveland but some unloading capacity attended these efforts. is lost when shorter ships come alongside docks. In small parts of many shapes in a variety of Modernization now underway (p. 114) will alleviate electrical applications, beryllium found its true mis­ the situation greatly. sion in the form of beryllium copper. Its high fatigue life, non-magnetism, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity are properties now well enough recognized to have given the metal its right­ ful place in switch parts, small springs and in other intricate shapes still on trial. —p. 88 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

58 / TE E L Ryerson Tubing Stocks Now Large and Complete!

Quick Service Assured From 11 Ryerson Plants

For many years we have been building up our ting and shipment assures quick service. Mill personnel and facilities in order to improve shipments also handled promptly. Whatever our service on tubular products. your requirement or problem, call on the tub­ Now eleven of the nation’s largest and most ing specialist at your nearby Ryerson Plant.

complete tubing stocks are carried at Ryerson JOSEPH T. RYERSON & SON, INC., Steel-Service Plants—mechanical tubing, boiler tubes, Plants at: C hicago, M ilw a u k e e , St. Louis, Detroit, stainless and structural tubing in all generally Cleveland, Cincinnati, Buffalo, Philadelphia, Pitts­ used sizes and lengths. burgh, Boston and New York. Ryerson tubing meets the most exacting requirements of analysis, size and finish. Principal Products: Carbon and Alloy Steel • Quality control covers every manufacturing step from billet to finished tube. Mill inspec­ Allegheny Stainless— Bars • Plates • Sheets • tions are double-checked by two Ryerson in­ Structural • Tubing • Inland 4-W ay Floor Plate • spections, one when the tubing is received in Reinforcing Bars • Bolts • Rivets • Metal Working our stocks, the other before shipment is made. M achinery and Tools, etc. • Write for Stock List Specialized equipment for handling, cut­ RYERSON STEEL May 13, 1946 W ords proudly spoken by men who know, men who have the utmost confidence in the craft they handle. These men know that America has given them the best that engineering skill and modern manufacturing techniques can produce. PARISH is proud also to have a part in producing these planes. Illustrated above are examples of fighter plane wing fillet and aircraft cowling assembly parts produced by PARISH to conform to rigid inspection standards. Our modern plant facilities include every process from original design and manufacture of dies, to the completed product. Non-ferrous as well as ferrous metals are ably handled by our staff of engineers and laboratory analysts, assuring quality, economy and speed in production. Post-war planners will do well to consider the importance of PARISH planning and production in relation to their peacetime requirements. Our greatly expanded plant facilities are at your service. Why not write us today and see what PARISH can do and save for you. PARISH PRESSED STEEL CO. gh READING, PENNSYLVANIA ZcdU iditVU fr SPICER MANUFACTURING CORPORATION

WESTERN REPRESENTATIVE: F. SOMERS PETERSON, 57 CALIFORNIA ST., SAN FRANCISCO, CAl. Typical of the coal docks on the upper lakes is this nearly empty dock at Superior, Wis. War conditions, plus last fall’s coal strike, prevented the accumulation of normal inventories and the current strike has depleted the slider stocks. Industries in the north central states which depend on coal shipped up the lakes arc virtually paralyzed. NEA photo Power, Shipping Re, Due to Coat Strike,Paralyzing Industry

Recovery after miners go back to work to be long and tedious tically all shipments of finished items from mills to consuming plants. process. Major automobile plants down or scheduled to close Also cutting into the operations of the this week. Hundreds of thousands in metalworking plants to be metalworking plants are the restrictions laid off as plants suspend operations placed on the use of electric power. In northern Illinois and Indiana where these THE six-week-old coal strike is hitting shipments of steel products. conservation measures were inaugurated 'erioan industry with a paralyzing im­ National ingot operations, as calcu­ ten days ago, shops were forced to limit pact. lated by St e e l , last week dropped 9 operations to 24 hours a week, provided Not only are supplies of coal virtually points to 55V4 per cent of capacity and they had the steel supplies and materials e. austed at many points, but conserva- will show a much more abrupt drop necessary for this limited operation. tion measures instituted by the govern- this week. Within a matter of days the Great Lakes shipping, which was get­ ”lent’ including the embargo of rail industry practically will be shut down. ting under way to a slow start this season re'gnt and the curtailment of power Even should the dispute between John due to the strikes in the steel, iron ore ser\ ice, are forcing drastic reductions or L. Lewis’ coal miners and the mine op­ mines and coal mines, has been halted suspensions of operations through the erators be resolved quickly, several by the Office of Defense Transportation Ir°n, steel and metalworking industries. weeks will elapse before furnaces re­ ban on use of bunker coal in transport­ feel mills, which while reducing op­ ceive sufficient coal and coke to resume ing materials other than fuel and food. erations during the past six weeks have even a fair rate of operations. Pittsburgh Steamship Co., subsidiary of own a stronger than expected resist- The pinch also is being felt keenly in the United States Steel Corp. and larg­ nee to curtailments, now are closing metalworking plants and related indus­ est fleet operator on the lakes, started ?%Vl* raP'dly, both on account of de- tries. The shortage of finished steel has tying up its 63 vessels the middle of last P eje coal stocks and because the freight been . increased sharply by the curtail­ week. Approximately 2000 crewmen ™ ,fr®° Pr°kibits incoming shipments of ments already effected by the mills and ranking from deck hands to captains, 1 a y needed supplies and outgoing the freight embargo now is blocking prac­ have been laid off and scattered to their

:59 COAL STRIKE

homes in more than 30 states. Similar action was taken by other ore fleet op­ erators, although many of these had not sent out their full fleets yet, due to the scarcity of coal and the strike of iron ore miners at the upper lakes. Oliver Mining Co., U. S. Steel’s ore subsidiary, laid off 2600 men on its Mesabi range owing to the suspension of shipping facilities. The automobile industry will be vir­ tually paralyzed. Ford operations were suspended indefinitely in practically all plants last week and late in the week General Motors announced that all plants will be forced to close by the end of this week by reason of the freight em­ bargo. First to close will be branch as­ sembly plants, some of which are ex­ pected to go down May 13. Chrysler officials said all passenger car lines will shut down this week, as result of the coal strike and freight embargo. Truck assembly lines will continue to work. The Chicago district has suffered dis­ locations more serious than any experi­ Usually lost in the glare of theatre marquees and neon signs, downtown Chicago enced during four years of war, due to street lights stand out in this photo made on State street as the power shortage the coal strike and the electric power forced a dimout. NEA photo shortage caused by it. Since May 3 all manufacturing and commercial activi­ ties have been reduced drastically and coal scarcity but also the freight em­ With the prospect of a widespread sus­ the desired power saving of 40 per cent bargo. pension of furnaces, mill operators were has not yet been attained. Manufactur­ Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, re­ besieging manufacturers of refractor)' ing operations, with the exception of ported it will cut its operations to 10 materials to ship as much of these sup­ food, are limited to 24 hours a week, per cent of capacity by May 14, com­ plies as possible before the freight em­ which time can be utilized as individual pared with 70 per cent last week. Com­ bargo became effective, so that repairs plants see fit. Most companies are work­ pany’s normal employment is about 56,- could be made during the idle period. ing three 8-hour shifts, then closing down 000 persons, most of whom will be out Refractory suppliers indicated they were for the remainder of the week. Interna­ of work by May 18 if the coal strike per­ able to supply only a small part of the tional Harvester Co. plants there worked sists. demand for this material. three 8-liour shifts on Monday, then went On the eastern seaboard, fuel reserves While the coal strike and its effects down. were reported to have reached virtual command major interest in the indus­ exhaustion at many points and iron and trial picture, some attention also was Chicago Steelmalang Drops steel mill operators predicted the recov­ being given last week to the possibility Steelmaking operations in the Chicago ery to prestrike levels after the miners of a walkout by operating railroad district last week dropped 13% points to go back to work will be a long and tedi­ unions May 18. President Truman has 53 per cent of capacity. This was the ous process. indicated his intention of seizing the car­ largest decline since the coal strike start­ In the South, Birmingham ingot op­ riers if necessary to keep them running. ed. Wisconsin Steel Co. and Republic erations slumped 20 points last week to Steel Corp. in South Chicago, both de­ 44 per cent of capacity as Tennessee Study Shows Steel Prices pendent on purchased electric power, Coal, Iron & Railroad Co, suspended Steadier than Other Goods were forced to suspend steelmaking com­ operations at Ensley and took various pletely May 4 to conform with the con­ plate and structural mills off. Republic The value of the dollar has shrunk servation order. Further shutdowns are Steel’s plant at Gadsden is scheduled to less in steel purchases that in p u rc h a se s scheduled soon. Inland Steel cut out contiifue operations at 75 per cent of any of a long list of commodities in another blast furnace May 9 and on through May. All cast iron pipe plants eluding com, beef, wheat, pork, cotton May 16 will cut out another, leaving in the district were reported down. goods, and coffee, according to a re only two out of six in operation. By While some steel mills were planning cent study made by the American Iron May 16, hours worked by employees to make greater use of trucks both for & Steel Institute. will be reduced to 25 per cent of normal. hauling supplies into the mills and fin­ Since the recent advance given by t e In Pittsburgh, Camegic-Illinois op­ ished steel products to consumers, they Office of Price Administration, a dollar erated last week at only 9 per cent of were uncertain as to how much they spent for finished steel will buy S .< capacity, below any rate reached during could transport in this manner. Truck­ per cent as much as it did in Augus, the depression year of 1932. For the dis­ ing facilities available naturally vary from 1939. During this same period a dollar trict as a whole, ingot operations dropped plant to plant. Those mills planning to spent for anthracite coal will buy ap 10% points to 45 per cent of capacity. use trucks indicated they would concen­ proximately 31 per cent less; for co ee, .This week’s operations are scheduled to trate on supplying customers located rel­ 45 per cent less; for butter, 49 per cen drop more sharply, reflecting not only atively near the producing centers. less; for wheat, 61 per cent less.

/TEEL 60 FINANCIAL

Birmingham and Pacific Coast areas. Lifting of Wartime Controls Referring to the corporation’s recent bid for the government owned plant at Geneva, Utah, he said that under its From Industry Urged by Olds proposal, the entire cost to the corpora­ tion for acquiring the plant, and installing LIFTING of wartime government con­ steel for helmets—sufficient for the new facilities, including a $15 million trols from all manufactured products manufacture of 21 million helmets. new cold reduction mill at Pittsburg, was urged by Irving S. Olds, chairman, During the same period the corpora­ Calif., to use the hot-rolled coils from at the forty-fifth annual meeting of stock­ tion constructed 911 ships and floating proposed new equipment at Geneva, holders of the United States Steel Corp. structures, which included 11 large troop will be approximately $91,100,000. in Hoboken, N. J., May 6. transports, 2 light cruisers, 77 destroyers, Sharp criticism of the government’s He charged that the poorer financial 52 destroyer escorts, 23 auxiliary combat labor policy and attitude toward business showing of the Steel corporation each ships, 4 aviation repair vessels, 33 cargo was voiced by several stockholders. year since 1941 was “ the inevitable re­ ships, 7 tankers, 119 LSTs and 78 other The apathetic attitude of stockholders sult of constantly mounting costs of types of landing craft. in general in the face of present adverse operation of an enterprise under an He told stockholders that $232 million conditions was deplored by one woman economy, largely government controlled, for various authorized projects remained stockholder, and another urged a sim­ under which maximum prices for steel to be expended at the end of 1945 with plification of financial reports so that products were set substantially at prewar the appropriation embracing among other women stockholders in the corporation, level. projects modernization of sheet and tin of whom there are many, so she pointed “In my personal opinion,” he said, mill facilities in Pittsburgh, Chicago, out, could better understand them. ‘ the sooner wartime government controls can be lifted from all manufactured prod­ ucts, the better it will be for the corpora­ Present, Past and Pending tion, its stockholders and the general public.” Far from making excessive profits ■ APRIL STEEL OUTPUT DROPS 630,000 TONS during the war, the chairman declared, N e w Y o r k —Production of steel ingots and castings dropped about 630,000 tons to the corporation during the five-year war 5,876,998 tons in April due to the shorter month and curtailment ot operations caused period had an annual profit, before by the coal strike, American Iron & Steel Institute reported last week. The industry interest, that represented a return on operated at an average rate of 77.7 per cent in April, a drop of 5.6 points from March. investment of approximately 4.6 per cent. Calculated weekly output was 1,369,930 tons. The return on investment lias been steadily declining since 1941. It was 4.46 a WESTINGHOUSE GRANTS 18-CENT RAISE; STRIKE ENDS per cent in 1942; 3.94 per cent in 1943; P it t s b u r g h —Westinghouse Electric Corp. and CIO-United Electrical Workers have 3.79 per cent in 1944; and 3.64 per cent agreed to an 18-cent hourly wage increase with four variations, ending a 16-week in 1945. strike. Terms of settlement are subject to ratification by the union members who had Arthur M. Anderson, James B. Black, sought a wage increase of 18% cents an hour. Cason J. Callaway, Thomas W. Lamont and Alexander C. Nagle were re-elected H SEVEN MARITIME UNIONS THREATEN TO STRIKE directors for a term of three years. S a n F r a n c is c o —A paralyzing tieup of the nation's coastal and Great Lakes ports Asserting that the coal strike was fast June 15 is threatened by joint action of seven maritime unions in convention here. "becoming most calamitous,” Mr. Olds ■ COPPER WIRE AND ARMORED CABLE PRICES RISE remarked that “it seems incredible that W a s h in g t o n —Manufacturers have been granted price ceifing increases ranging from >n an enlightened nation such as the 2 per cent to 18 per cent on copper wire, copper-alloy wire and copper-clad wire and United States a single union, or perhaps 14 per cent on armored cable. more accurately, a single individual, s lould have the power to cripple the in- ■ TEMPORARY CURTAILMENT OF TIN PLATE EXPORTS URGED ustrial activity of the entire country.” W a s ih n g t o n —Tin Plate Industry Advisory committee recommended last week that Mr. Olds reviewed briefly the corpora­ export shipments of tin plate be curtailed to conform to declining production, which tion s contribution to the war, pointing will'be entirely halted in three weeks. Industry spokesmen also recommended exemp­ out that between Jan. 1, 1940, and Aug. tion of materials for tin plate production from the freight embargo. > 1945, when Japan capitulated, the company had produced 161,106,000 tons ■ INDIA SEEN AS PROMISING MARKET FOR DURABLE GOODS oi steel, or an average of 28,641,000 tons S y r a c u s e —India presents one of the greatest markets in the world for durable goods, Per year. Shipments of finished steel E. A. Bertsch of Volkhart Bros., distributor in India for Carrier Corp., said here last aSgregated 109,783,000 tons, or an aver­ week. age of 19,517,000 tons a year. Among the war products originating ■ BITUMINOUS COAL MINE SAFETY PROGRAM REVIEWED dunng this period in the mills of the N e w Y o r k —More than 100 different safety devices, machines and methods have been corporation were 8,200,000 tons of ship introduced into United States coal mines in the last 20 years at a cost exceeding $100 P a e, 1,200,000 tons of armor plate for million, according to the Bituminous Coal Institute. T lPi a„nd tanks; hT,200,000 shell forgings; 6,400,000 finished shells; 2,900,000 ■ V. B. EDWARDS, HEAD OF DRAVO CORP., DIES °m s, 9,200,000 feet of rocket tubing; P it t s b u r g h —Vere B. Edwards, 56, president, Dravo Corp., shipbuilding concern, died arge quantities of armor piercing suddenly last week while addressing the firm's executive committee in the company's steel, bullet core steel and special Neville Island plant.

May 13, 1946 61 AFA CONVENTION Foundry men Seek Increased Efficiency

Virtually all phases and problems of castings industry discussed at numerous technical sessions of golden anniversary convention of American Foundrymen's Association. Over 150 papers pre­ sented. Equipment exposition attracts thousands

CLEVELAND castings and bis influence on the free THOUSANDS of foundrymen from interchange of research data.” Hyman all sections of the country thronged the Bornstein, director, testing and research exhibition halls and meeting rooms of laboratories, Deere & Co., Moline, 111., the Cleveland Public Auditorium all last was cited “for his many and outstanding week at the golden jubilee Foundry technological contributions to the foun­ Congress and Foundry Show sponsored dry industry, particularly in the field of by the American Foundrymen’s Asso­ gray cast iron,” being the ninth recipient ciation. of the William H. McFadden gold med­ Attendance at the convention sessions al. Howard F. Taylor, research asso­ and show was expected to break all ciate, Massachusetts Institute of Tech­ previous records, estimated attendance nology, Cambridge, Mass., received the at midweek being 15,000. AFA Peter L. Simpson memorial gold SHELDON V. WOOD Included among delegates were nu­ medal "for his unfailing interest in and merous visiting foundrymen and engi­ contributions to foundry' research and neers from abroad, among them rep­ for his influence on the broadening of resentatives of industry in Great Britain, naval research in the field of cast met­ France, Norway, Sweden, Russia, Belgi­ als.” um, Czechoslovakia, Holland, Australia, William J. Coane, Philadelphia, who China and Canada. One of the features recently retired as vice president and a of the convention was the presentation director, Ajax Metal Co. and associated of four exchange papers by representa­ companies, and Harold J. Roast, vice tives of foreign foundry groups. president of Canadian Bronze Co. Ltd., Some 280 manufacturers and suppliers Montreal, received honorary member­ of foundry equipment and materials ships. maintained displays at the show which Ceremonies officially opening the con­ occupied all of the space in slx separate vention were conducted on the arena halls of the Public Auditorium. It was floor of the auditorium, Monday morn­ the largest exposition of castings in­ ing. AFA Secretary William W. Maloney dustry equipment in history. About 150 introduced A. C. Denison, president, the papers, addresses, panels and round-table Northeastern Ohio chapter, who wel­ discussions covering virtually every phase comed the visitors to Cleveland. Mayor of foundry practice featured the techni­ Thomas A. Burke officially greeted the MAX KUNIANSKY

cal session. visitors and a message from Ohio’s gov­ Newly elected officers of the American ernor, Frank J. Lausche, was read by Foundrymen's Association, who will take General Addresses Dinner Meeting Mr. Denison. office, about midsummer, are: President, In addition there were a number of Mr. Walls, concluding the opening M r. Wood who is president and general manager; Minneapolis Electric Steel general sessions, the business session ceremonies, paid tribute to the various Castings Co., Minneapolis; and vice being held on Thursday and the conven­ foundry organizations contributing to president, Mr. Kuniansky, vice prest- tion closing Friday evening with the the fiftieth anniversary convention of dent and general manager, Lynchburg annual banquet at which F. J. Walls, the AFA. Mr. Walls also read a letter Foundry Co., Lynchburg, Va. president of the association presided, and from President Truman extending con­ Brig. Gen. Donald Armstrong, com­ gratulations on the foundry industry’s mandant, Army Industrial College, De­ wartime job. major attention. partment of Research, Washington, spoke Two joint meetings were held by the on “The Foundry in War and Peace.” New Equipment Displayed Safety' & Hy'giene Committee and the At the dinner AFA awards and Technical sessions were well attended Plant & Plant Equipment Committee. honorary life memberships were con­ throughout the week, reflecting the The type of equipment discussed at bot i ferred. In recognition of meritorious con­ earnestness of foundry management to sessions was related principally to im­ tributions to the progress of the castings improve castings industry practice in the proving r foundry working conditions industry, three gold medals and two direction of more efficient production through correction of dust problems. honorary’ life memberships were award­ and labor-saving methods. At the equip­ James Thomson, Continental Foundry & ed. Peter Blackwood, foundry super­ ment show' air-conditioning equipment Machine Co., presided at the opening intendent, Ford Motor Co. of Canada and dust control devices were promi­ meeting, with C. P. Guion, W. W. S> Ltd., Windsor, Ont., received the asso- nent, and new types of machinery aimed Mfg. Co., Chicago, acting as teclinica ciatiofrs John H. Whiting gold medal at performing automatically jobs that chairman. , “for developmental work on centrifugal formerly required hand labor received Management’s role lies in estabf

62 /TEEL AFA CONVENTION ing a definite safety program, in mak­ treatment. a high strength or plain type, the avail­ ing specific assignments and delegating Results of tests conducted to deter­ ability of raw materials, and the labor sufficient manpower and authority to mine the effect of certain elements on supply. carry out the policy adopted, it was em­ some properties of the 355 type alumi­ At the annual business meeting held phasized. num alloy, were described in a second in the ballroom of the auditorium on A comprehensive review of mechan­ paper by R. A. Quadt, American Smelt­ Thursday and presided over by F. J. ical shakeout systems for the correction ing & Refining Co., Barber, N. J., while Walls, president, in addition to the usual of dust problems was presented by the concluding paper on “Characteristics reports and addresses of association offi­ James L, Yates, Worthington Pump & of Aluminum Casting Alloy 3 Per Cent cials, G. H. Clamer, Ajax Metal Co., Machinery Corp., Buffalo, who told the Silicon—5 Per Cent Copper,” by O. Philadelphia, presented the AFA Foun­ session he favored a shakeout grate with Tichy, National Smelting Co., Cleve­ dation Lecture—“Test Bars for 85 Cop­ small openings which trap gaggers and land, described the general purpose al­ per-5 Tin-5 Lead-5 Zinc Alloy — De­ other foreign material, rather than re­ loy developed to make use of aircraft sign and Some Factors Affecting Their ly upon their separation after they and scrap. Properties.” the sand have dropped through the deck. Approximately 50 attended the open­ At this session also the report on the Six speakers at the second session of ing sand shop course session with E. S. election of new officers and directors the group discussed equipment available Brewster, Dow Chemical Co., Bay City, was presented. The new officers, who for dust exhaustion. Mr. Thomson also Mich., presiding. Discussion leader was will assume office about midsummer, presided at this meeting, with W. O. Oscar Blohm, Ilills-McCanna Co., Chi­ are: President, Sheldon V. Wood, Vcdder, Pangborn Corp., Hagerstown, cago, and his topic “Magnesium Molding president and manager of the Minne­ Md., handling the introduction of speak­ Sands.” He stated that it is worthwhile apolis Electric Steel Castings Co., ers. to use the best possible sand since it Minneapolis; vice president, Max Ku- E. A. Carsey, Kirk & Blum Mfg. Co., makes control easy and provides good niansky, vice president and general man­ Cincinnati, described the different types castings. ager, Lynchburg Foundry’ Co., Lynch­ of commonly-used hoods, emphasizing burg, Va. Hold Gray Iron Shop Course the importance of correct design and the Selections for three-year terms as as­ fact that the exhaust volume determines A gray iron shop course was held un­ sociation directors are: Horace A. Deane, the size of pipe required to convey ex­ der the direction of George A. Timmons, vice president, American Brake Shoe hausted air to the collector. H. C. Dohr- Climax Molybdenum Co., Detroit, and Co., New York; J. E. Kolb, pattern shop mann, Buell Engineering Co., New York, P. T. Bancroft, Republic Coal & Coke superintendent, Caterpillar Tractor Co., discussed the features of centrifugal col­ Co., Moline, 111. Subject of the meeting Feoria, 111.; IT. G. Lamker, superin­ lectors; G. A. Boesgcr, W. W. Sly Mfg. was the metallurgy of cupola mixes and tendent of foundries, Wright Aeronau­ Co., Cleveland, described cloth type the discussion leader, Kenneth II. Priest­ tical Corp., Paterson, N. J.; Bruce L. collectors, while A. S. Lundy, Claude ley, Eaton Mfg. Co., Vassar, Mich., Simpson, president, National Engineer­ B. Schneible Co., Detroit, explained the pointed out that important items in ing Co., Chicago; and Stowell C. Was­ principles of wet collectors. cupola mixes are the type or types of son, manager, National Malleable & Fans and exhausters were described eastings to be made, whether the iron is Steel Castings Co., Chicago. by Phillip Cohen, Cleveland district manager, B. F. Sturtevant Division, Westinghouse Electric Corp. How to eep dust control equipment in opera­ tion was explained in a concluding paper on “Maintenance,” by K. M. Smith, Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria, 111. Aluminum, Magnesium Sessions Two sessions of the Aluminum & •Magnesium Division were held, the first a round table luncheon attended by over 0 • R. E. Ward, Eclipse Pioneer Di- ision, Bendix Aviation Corp., Bendix, J-, and A. T. Ruppe, Bendix Prod- cts Corp., South Bend, Ind., presided. *e. secon(l aluminum and magnesium cssion, comprising presentation of three Papers was presided over by Walter onsack, National Smeltirtg'Co., Cleve- u,1 ' Heat Treatment of Aluminum • 'toy Castings,” prepared by Walter E. c a and II. J, Rowe, Aluminum Co. of lh er Ca> Fittsburgh, was delivered by rev' *^.rn^rr an^ consisted of a detailed „1 W 0 fhe fundamentals involved in thrn CLefistic changes of the metal the "'S ' iCat treatmenC Mr. Sicha traced Fifteen thousand visitors crowded into Cleveland Public Auditorium to view ,metal formation through the solidi- exhibits at the Golden Jubilee Foundry exposition and to attend sessions of the ion range, and explained the effect AFA Congress. This view shows visitors registering in the reception lobby of the anous types of subsequent heat auditorium

-Va>' 13, 1946 63 mill supply m e e t in g

W ALTER H. G EB H A RT THEODORE F. SMITH J. A. G A R D N E R W. E. CALDWELL

tain the armed forces, care for veterans, Aggressive Selling Stressed at maintain necessary government bureaus and the like. A budget of this size, he Triple Mill Supply Convention said, requires a large national income. Distribution will be one of the big prob­ Speakers at Atlantic City meeting of 1200 manufacturers and lems of the future and advertising is an essential part of this picture, he said. distributors of industrial equipment and supplies say battle royal W. W. Kemphert, manager, Standard for business will be in full swing by early 1947, necessitating Products Division, Worthington Pump & more efficient salesmanship Machinery Corp., Harrison, N. J., said each company must demonstrate its abil­ ATLANTIC CITY given to tlio training of men in schools ity to sell in the highly competitive post­ BATTLE ROYAL for business will be and colleges. Out of every dollar, 59 cents war market and “it may be necessary to in full swing by early 1947 and selling, represents distribution cost and 41 cents rebuild sales organizations from the which became a “lost” art during the war, production cost. Cost of distribudon must ground up.” The important problem now, must be resumed on an aggressive and be reduced and it wall require trained he said, is “how to increase sales in 1948 more efficient basis or many companies men, he said. 50 per cent over 1940 and cut distribu­ will fall by the wayside or at least be­ Mr. Dugdale said business in 1947 was tion costs 25 per cent.” come relatively less important in their expected to be 42 per cent ahead of 1939 R. D. Black, vice president, Black & fields. which means diat each individual com­ Decker Mfg. Co., Towson, Md., who re­ This was the consensus of a dozen pany should figure on doing 150 per cent tired as president of the American associa­ speakers who appeared in Adantic City as much business in 1947 as in 1939 to tion this year, emphasized the import­ May 6-8 before some 1200 manufacturers maintain its position in its own industry. ance of marketing and pointed out that and distributors of industrial equipment Ground will be lost by those doing a distribution of equipment and supplies is and supplies, and representing the mem­ poor job of selling and advertising since, becoming increasingly complicated. Ia bership of die American Supply & Ma­ he said, sales resourcefulness is just as addition to the usual advertising tlirough chinery Manufacturers Asociation, the necessary to success as good plant fa­ publications and direct mail, Mr. Black National Supply & Machinery Distribu­ cilities. proposed an exhibit so that distributors tors Asociation and the Southern Supply He demonstrated that buying psychol­ could become more familiar with the vari­ & Machinery Distributors Association. ogy changes quickly by citing gum and ous types of products available. In discussing die need for better sell­ cigarets as examples. The public bought The American association is actively ing methods, H. K. Dugdale, executive mediocre substitutes during the war but engaged in studying its markets and meth­ vice president, Van Sant, Dugdale & Co., these have disappeared with the return ods for more effectively cultivating them. Baltimore, pointed out that 16 billion dol­ of preferred and familiar brands. “The This Marketing Methods Committee is lars were invested in plant facilities in the same buying psychology will dominate under the chairmanship of J. G. Geddcs short period from June, 1940, to June, your business in the near future,” he said. of H. K. Porter Inc., Everett, Mass., and 1942, compared with 14 billion in the In discussing “Top Management’s Re­ breaks down into three sub-committees. ten years from 1930 to 1940. At the same sponsibility,” W. Gibson Carey Jr., presi­ The Sales Promotion Committee is headed time, 50 years of technological improve­ dent, Yale & Towne Mfg. Co., Philadel­ by J. J. DeMario, Raybestos-Manhattan ments were • squeezed into the past 5 phia, said that its first requirement is the Inc., Passaic, N. J.; the Sales Methods years which means that die same volume selection of key men and welding them Committee by W. W. Kemphert, Worth­ of goods now can be produced in a few into an organization. In addition, top man­ ington Pump & Machinery Corp., Harri­ months as was made in a full year before agement should participate in the affairs son, N. J.; and the Research & Survey the war. of society as a whole, including the educa­ Committee by E. J. Wilcox, J. H. In the future, he said, we must regard tional, philanthropic and religious fields. liams & Co., Buffalo. the science of distribution as being equal­ Mr. Carey said he thought the national Association members have contributed ly important as die other sciences and budget necessarily would be about 25 bil­ sales figures for a study on where pr°d consequently more thought should be lion dollars annually by 1947 to main­ ucts are distributed. The combined fiS 61 /T E Et MILL SUPPLY MEETING ures are broken down by states and cities is supplemented by a 26-minute film Butts, Butts & Ordway Co., Cambridge, so that each manufacturer can check his which serves as a training aid. Mass.; vice president, Areas 3 and 4, Ed­ own individual sales with them and thus New officers of the American Supply ward K. Welles, Charles II. Besley & Co., determine where sales efforts should be & Machinery Manufacturers Association Chicago; and vice president, Areas 5 and stepped up or cut down. The study is are: President, Theodore F. Smith, presi­ 6, Edward H. McLaughlin, Union Hard­ based on 1940 sales and a new study will dent, Oliver Iron & Steel Corp., Pitts­ ware & Metal Co., Los Angeles. New be made on business done in 1946. burgh; first vice president, W. E. Cald­ executive committee members are: Ray C. A study also has been made on catalogs, well, vice president and manager of sales, Neal, R. C. Neal & Co. Inc., Buffalo; promotional literature, packaging and the Cleveland Twist Drill Co., Cleveland; sec­ Charles T. Bush, Charles A. Strclinger like. Out of 180 manufacturers checked, ond vice president, W. H. Gebhart, vice Co., Detroit; and II. P. Lambrecht, Salt 140 prepare complete catalogs, 107 sec­ president, Henry Disston & Sons Inc., Ta- Lake Hardware Co., Salt Lake City, Utah. tional catalogs and 96 use direct mail in cony, Philadelphia; treasurer, J. A. Gard­ New president of the Southern associa­ supplementing publication advertising. ner, vice president, Cincinnati Tool Co., tion is Lloyd B. Mize, Industrial Supply The importance of well-trained sales­ Cincinnati. New members of the executive Corp., Richmond, Va.; first vice presi­ men was stressed by several speakers. committee are: J. R. Kelley, vice presi­ dent, T. J. Kenny, S. B. Hubbard Co., W. E. Caldwell, vice president and sales dent, Manning, Maxwell & Moore Inc., Jacksonville, Fla.; and second vice presi­ manager, Cleveland Twist Drill Co., New York; and B. E. Ilotvedt, Blackhawk dent, Richard Alcott, Riechman-Crosby Cleveland, said his own salesmen are Mfg. Co., Milwaukee. Co., Memphis, Tenn. Harry P. Leu, Harry trained at the outset for several months The National Supply & Machinery Dis­ P. Leu Inc., Orlando, Fla., was named and then are required to take refresher tributors’ Association elected these new chairman of the executive committee. J. L. courses at intervals. Salesmen of distribu­ officers: President, William M. Patterson, Peoples, Peden Iron & Steel Co., Houston, tors representing his company also come Frick & Lindsay Co., Pittsburgh; vice Tex., also is a new member of the com­ in to the plant for training. This procedure president, Areas 1 and 2, F. Marsena mittee.

STEEL's Editor-in-Chief on Reparations Mission to Far East

E. L. SIIANER, president, the Penton 1 ublishing Co., and editor-in-chief of Steel, left for the Far East, M ay 4, as a member of a government Repar­ ations Mission, headed by Edwin W. Pauley, who carries tire rank of' am­ bassador and also serves as personal representative of President Truman. Ex­ pectations are the Mission will not return to this country until sometime around July 1. Sir. Shancr is serving as iron and steel consultant on the Mission which con­ sists of 21 persons, all of them experts m some particular field. The Mission’s objective will be to develop information to enable the State epartment to work up a program aimed at promoting unity and the economic de- e opment of China and Korea, so as to 13 e them economically independent of ‘Pan, It will make studies and investig- Shown ready to board a special State Department C-54 passenger plane a ions with a view to recommending co- bound for the Far East are these members of the U. S. Reparations Mission. or in a ted and rational programs for the Left to right: E. L. Shaner, editor-in-chief of STEEL; A. R. Einig, general man­ ea iy industrial development of Man- ager, Motch 6- Merryweather Machinery Co., Cleveland; Brig. Gen. G. F. ciuna and Korea, as well as utilization Schulgen, War Department; Dr. E. L. Klein, special assistant to E. W. Pauley, Kir natural resources in relation to chief of the Mission; Col. William Mayer, War Department operations removals from Japan. pon Mr. Shaner’s recommendations e program for developing an iron nd steel industry in China and else- with the infantry in France and the During World War II he was chair­ re m the Far East will be mapped. Army of Occupation in Germany. After man of the Business Press Industrial Prominent in the industrial the war he returned to the Penton Scrap Committee and was identified with Pubish.ng field for 30 years, and has Publishing Co., serving in various edit­ other wartime activity committees. He induch^T'6 i™ l'le a^airs °J various orial posts. In 1937 he was elected has addressed industrial and business KOVP ria an? business organizations and president and treasurer of the Penton groups throughout the nation on many in niPT n-al, gr0UpS- vvas graduated company, which in addition to S t e e l occasions on subjects pertaining to the L'niv ? ” engineering from Purdue publishes The Foundry, Machine Design, iron, steel and metalworking industries, was r i in, 1914 following which he New Equipment Digest, Revista Indus­ and his weekly editorials in S t e e l have road r? by tbe Pennsylvania Rail- trial and other industrial and business won for him outstanding recognition During World War I he served publications. from the business world.

May 13, 1946 65 STEEL SUPPLY

described as the tightest steel market ployer delegate to the conference which Steel Shortages situation ever experienced. Producers is one of a series of industry meetings have put a quota system of distribu­ being held throughout the world under tion into effect in order to spread out the auspices of the ILO. Late in April a Cause Hint of available tonnage as far as possible, meeting of the Iron & Steel Committee shipments being based on normal pre­ was held in Cleveland. (S t e e l , Apr. 29, Priority Revival war purchases of consumers. While the p. 63, May 6, p. 105) system has worked out well, it has not The Metal Trades Committee meet­ Reinstatement of government entirely solved the supply problem. Steel ing drew representatives of employers, workers and government from 14 coun­ distribution controls reported men, however, are of the view resto­ ration of a government system of priori­ tries. considered by CPA as pressure ties would do little more than the pre­ Declaring that the “reconstruction, for metal continues to grow sent voluntary rationing system in meet­ peace and future progress of the world ing demand since solution of the problem depend upon die establishment of effec­ THE CURRENT voluntary system depends solely on the stepping up of tive and productive co-operative re­ of handling steel requirements may be production to the maximum of capacity. lationships between management and scrapped and a schedule of priorities labor,” Mr. Romney listed a 5-point program agreed upon by the manage­ reinstated, it was indicated last week Free Collective Bargaining following a meeting of the Iron & Steel ment delegates. These included: Industry Advisory Committee with Civi­ Urged for Metal Trades 1. Full employment based on full, lian Production Administration represen­ efficient production. tatives. Collective bargaining must be kept 2. Belief in the extension of dem­ free of any atmosphere of coercion and The government agency is reported to ocratic competitive capitalism. violence and agreements must be equally be under mounting pressure from hous­ 3. Belief in the principles of collective binding on workers and employers, ing, farm machinery, railroads and ex­ bargaining. George A. Romney, general manager, port requirements for steel supplies, to American Automobile Association, told 4. Management’s right to manage an extent that the present system may delegates to the first meeting of the without interference. not survive. Metal Trades Committee of the Inter­ 5. Intelligent and friendly co-oper­ CPA representatives are said to have national Labor Organization in Toledo. ation between worker, employer and advised the meeting that it is increas­ Mr. Romney was an American em- government. ingly difficult for them to resist this pressure to set up some more formal arrangement. Calendar of Meetings Steel men maintain the only answer to the supply problem is six' months May 16-18, George Westinghousc Centennial Fiftieth anniversary meeting, Boston. ^ss0' uninterrupted production. They are re­ Forum, sponsored by Westinghouse Electric dation headquarters are at 60 Batterymarch ported to have taken the position that Corp., to be held at Pittsburgh. St., Boston 10. priorities would merely cut in on order­ May 21-22, American Steel Warehouse Associa­ June 7, Electrochemical Society, Pittsburgh Sec­ tion: Meeting, Mellon Institute of Industria ly production and distribution at this tion: Convention, The Plaza, New York. Head­ quarters are at 442 Terminal Tower, Cleve­ Research. Richard Rimbach, 1117 Wolfendale stage. land 13. St., Pittsburgh 12, secretary. If priorities are restored, they will June 10-12, American Society of H e a tin g & May 23, American Iron & Steel Institute: Fifty- give precedence to housing, as required Ventilating Engineers: Semiannual meeting, fourth general meeting, Waldorf Astoria Ho­ to be held at Mt. Royal Hotel, Montrea, in the Housing Act, next farm machin­ tel, Now York. George S. Rose, 350 Fifth Canada, and will continue aboard a cruise ery, then the railroads and finally ex­ Ave., New York, is the institute’s secretary. ship up the St. Lawrence river. A. V. H u tch in ­ son, 51 Madison Ave., New York 10, secretary. ports, CPA indicated to the industry May 23-June 2, Mid-America Exposition: Indus­ men. trial exhibit of postwar home and commercial June 12-15, American Society of Mechanical products, Public Hall, Cleveland. Headquar­ Engineers: Oil & Gas Power Division ' Just how the government would re­ ters are at 226 Public Hall, Cleveland. ing, Milwaukee. C. E. Davies, 29 West - institute priorities is not clear. Personnel May 27-29, National Association of Purchasing St., New York 18, secretary. to do the job would have to be recruited Agents: 31st annual convention and exhibi­ June 13, Metal Powder Association: Spring tion, Stevens Hotel, Chicago. Association meeting, Waldorf Astoria Hotel, New , * from industry, the Steel Division staff of headquarters are at 11 Park Place, New Association headquarters are at 420 Lexing CPA having been cut to only a few York 7. ton Ave., New York 17. members in recent months. Within the May 29-31, Machinery Dealers* National Asso­ June 17, American Society of MecHanieal E" past month several steel men have re­ ciation: Annual meeting, Claridge Hotel, ginecrs: Machine design group meeting, a Atlantic City, N. J. R. K. Vinson, 20 North turned to the agency to help solve some S t a t e , Detroit. C. E . Davies, 29 West data Wacker Drive, Chicago 6, executive director. St., New York 18, secretary. of the more acute problems of supply for June 2-7, Society of Automotive Engineers: June 17-18, American By-Products Coke In- which the agency has been pressed for Semi-annual meeting, French Lick, Ind. John stitute: First annual meeting, Seaview o solution by the Congress. A. C. Warner, 29 West 39th St., New York try Club, Absecon, N. J. Samuel Weiss, 18, secretary and general manager. 15th St. N. W ., Washington 5, execuu More than ten million tons of steel June 3-5, American Gear Manufacturers Asso­ secretary. have already been lost from potential ciation: Annual meeting, The Homestead, June 17-20, American Electroplate« Society. 1946 production because of strikes and Hot Springs, Va. Newbold C. Goin, Empire Annual convention, Hotel William ^ Bldg., Pittsburgh 22, executive secretary. various other work interruptions. Pittsburgh. Society headquarters are a Oak Grove Ave., Springfield, Mass* This loss of steel production in the June 3-6, American Society of Mechanical En­ gineers: Aviation Division meeting, Los An­ early months of the year coupled with June 17-20, American Society of geles. C. E. Davies, 29 West 39th St., New gineers: Semiannual meeting, Hote * the unusually heavy demand for metal York 18, secretary. Detroit. C. E. Davies, 29 West 39th St., from consumers as they seek to step up June 3-6, National District Heating Association: York 18, secretary. their manufacturing operations to meet Annual meeting, The Cavalier, Virginia June 21-22, American Society of Beach, Va. John F. Collins Jr., 827 N. Engineers: Applied Mechanics Division ^ the huge accumulated requirements for Euclid Ave., Pittsburgh 6, secretary-treasurer. ing, Buffalo. Association headquarters civilian goods, has resulted in what is June 3-7, National Fire Protection Association: 29 West 39th St., New York 18.

• Y E E *■ 60 REGULATIONS

GOVERNMENT CONTROL DIGEST Resale Prices on Weekly summaries of orders and regulations issued by recon­ Steel Products version agencies. Symbols refer to designations of the orders and official releases. Official texts may be obtained from the Revised by OPA respective agencies

Warehouses may add extras boilers and equipment, which are still under OFFICE OF PRICE price control, granted a 16 per cent increase for sheets and strip when pro­ ADMINISTRATION over Jnne 1, 1941, maximum prices, effective May 13. (MPR-136; OPA-T-4480) duced from rimmed stock or Gray Iron Castings: Effective May 3, follow­ Compressors: Manufacturers’ prices for low- ing percentage increases may be added by pro­ capacity compressors and condensing units hav­ aluminum killed steel ducers' (1) Gray iron castings with maximum ing a capacity of 5 horsepower or less, as well prices frozen at levels in effect during the base as repair and service parts, increased 17 per period, Aug. 1, 1941, to Feb. 1, 1942, 20 per cent, effective May 9. (MPR-591; OPA-T- WAREHOUSE resellers now are per­ 10 cent (previous per cent increase in base 4 487) mitted to include in their maximum period maximum prices lias been revoked so that the 28 per cent increase must be taken on CIVILIAN PRODUCTION prices for prime hot-rolled and cold- maximum prices prior to the 10 per cent rise); ADMINISTRATION (2) gray iron castings with maximum prices com­ rolled steel sheets and strip appropriate Bale Ties: CPA has earmarked up to 7500 puted by a seller’s pricing formula between extras for such products when produced tons of wire in government surplus property Oct. 26, 1912, and Dec. 31, 1943, 12 per cent; for manufacturing bale ties. This tonnage of from selected rimmed stock or alumi­ (3) gray iron castings with maximum prices carbon steel black annealed or galvanized wire computed between Jan. 1, 1944, and Dec. 31, num killed steel. in 12 through 16 gages, inclusive, held by 1944, and for castings for which sellers have When making deliveries from their War Administration as surplus property elected to use their prcbasc period prices, 6 and declared surplus in Iowa, Minnesota, Mis­ warehouses by truck at the request of per cent. (MPR-244; OFA-T-4481) souri or states east of the Mississippi must be purchasers, resellers now may include in Bolts, Nuts, Screws and Rivets: Effective May held for the manufacturers of bale ties. How­ their maximum delivered prices the 6 resellers of bolts, nuts, screws and rivets ever, 15 per cent of any lot merchandised by may pass along the 7 per cent increase granted WAA may be sold to other buyers. Production amount by which cost of such truck de­ producers Apr. 1. Wien sold on any basis other of 130,000 tons of bale tics, the estimated 1946 livery exceeds freight from shipping than list and discount basis, the reseller may requirements, does not appear probable in view point to destination. Conversely, they increase his prices the dollar-and-cent amount of the recent steel strike and the current pro­ by which his suppliers’ ceilings have been in­ duction interruption occasioned by the coal will be required to determine maximum creased. (SR-14G, GMPR; OFA-T-4469) strike. (PR-13; CPA-338) delivered prices by including appro­ Reconverting Manufacturers: Any parts for Presses: Producers of mechanical power-driven priate adjustments when the cost of truck household cooking and heating stoves, vacuum presses (150 tons or over) may apply to CPA cleaners, washing machines and refrigerators for *‘CC” ratings for production materials and deliver)- is less than freight. Another that arc still under the general maximum price maintenance, repair and operating supplies change in provisions for transportation regulation at the manufacturing level are eli­ entering into their product. Priorities assistance charges prohibits resellers on the Pacific gible for reconversion increases, if the manu­ granted does not include aid for procuring facturers qualify as reconvcrtcrs, effective May capital equipment or construction. Second quar­ Coast from including in their prices the 11. Metal parts for the consumer goods affected, ter production of power-drive presses is esti­ amount by which all-rail delivery to their when sold to the manufacturer of the com­ mated by CPA at $12 million compared with pleted article of consumer goods- are covered an order backlog of more than three times warehouses exceeded cost of rail and by the machinery regulation. (SO-11J; UPA-x- that amount. (PR-28; CPA-348) water delivery. 4478) „ c Construction Machinery: Priorities assistance Resellers of tin plate are prohibited Hand Service Tools: Manufacturers ot me­ to obtain construction machinery has been made chanics' hand service tools received as of May 7 available to coal mining companies where pro­ from including in their maximum prices an interim wage-price increase of 5 per cent curement of such equipment will materially for that product the increase granted over March, 1942, prices (or Oct. 1-15 1941, increase production of certain types of coal if no March, 1942, prices existed.) Only tools at the mill level by amendment 15 to in areas cast of the Mississippi. Coal mining priced under consumer durable goods regulation companies may apply for “CC” ratings to ob­ revised prices schedule No. 6. are affected by this action. Other types of metal- tain construction machinery to be used in un­ cutting devices and all machine-operated tools derground coal mining if such equipment would are classified as machinery, and are_ P™*“ increase production of high-grade metallurgical American Iron & Steel under the machinery regulation. (MPR-188, and by-product coking coal and double screened OPA-T-4483) domestic bituminous and anthracite coal in Institute Elects Directors Warehouse Steel Products: Resellers per­ the areas defined in schedule 1 to priorities mitted to include extras for prime hot-rolled regulation 28. (PR-28; CPA-339) Ten men were elected last week to and cold-rolled steel sheets and strip when Lead: May allocations of lead for tetra-ethyl these products are produced from selected fluid have been set at 4160 tons, which will the board of directors of the American rimmed stock or aluminum killed steel, effective produce about 25 per cent less tetra-ethyl Iron & Steel Institute, New York. May 10. Delivered prices to be adjusted by fluid, on a quarterly basis, than was used in adding or subtracting the amount by which the first quarter. (M-38; CPA-333) They are: H. G. Batcheller, president, charges for truck delivery exceed or fall short Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp., Bracken- of railroad freight rate. Pacific Coast resellers NATIONAL HOUSING AGENCY not permitted to include in maximum prices the ridge, Pa.; B. F. Fairless, president, amount by which the cost of all-rail delivery to Housing Priorities: Authorizations and pri­ United States Steel Corp., New York; their warehouses exceeds the cost of rail and orities assistance may be issued now to veterans of World War II and members of the armed W. W. Holloway, chairman, Wheeling water delivery. Resellers of tin plate are pro­ hibited fiom including in their prices the in­ forces who had purchased a home site prior Steel Corp., Wheeling, W. Va.; Elton crease granted at the mill level by amendment to Apr. 13 and who had made one or more Hoyt II, senior partner, Pickands, Mather 15 to price schedule No. 6. (M PR-49) previous commitments for construction of a Wood Working Tools: Effective May 7, house which would have a sales price in ex­ A Co., Cleveland; Hayward Niedringhaus, prices of wood boring and cutting tools in­ cess of $10,000. These applications must be president, Granite City' Steel Co., Gran­ creased 17.3 per cent above March, 1942, prices. filed within 60 days of the effective date of ite City, IH,; £ L Parker, president, Col­ If a manufacturer stopped selling before March, the regulation, Apr. 29. In the case of a non­ 1942, he may take his Oct. 1-15, 1941, price as veteran who had acquired a home site, made umbia Steel Sc Shafting Co., Pittsburgh; a base. Affected are manually operated auger one or more commitments for the purpose of Frank Purnell, president, Youngstown bits, drills, drill bits and b r a c e s , wood borers, construction, and owned substantially all of the saws and saw frames, the ceiling prices of materials required for construction prior to Sheet Sc Tube Co., Youngstown; C. F. which arc covered by the consumer durable March 26, an authorization without priorities Stone, president, Atlantic Steel Co., goods regulation. (MPR-188; OPA-6459) assistance may be issued. Authorizations without Business Machines: Maximum prices of busi­ Atlanta; Leigh Willard, president, Inter- priorities assistance may also be issued to ness machines, including typewriters, increased persons who had contracted to purchase pre­ “ ke Iron Corp., Cleveland; and R. W. 12 per cent over October, 1941, prices, effective fabricated or precut houses which were in proc­ olcott, president, Lukens Steel Co., May 8 at the manufacturers’ level. (MPR-188; ess of manufacture on March 26. (NHAll-SO-2; OPA-6461) Coatesville, Pa. Power Boilers: Manufacturers of steel power NHA-391)

May 13, 1946 67 WINDOWS of WASHINGTON

Companies that have filed unsuccessful Maritime Commission Disposing of bids include the United Waste Co., Charlotte, N. C.; J. T. Knight & Son Inc., Columbus, Ga.; C. J. Moore, Damaged and Overage Vessels Greenville, N. C.; J. R. Bundessen, Pittsburg, Calif.; Kaiser Co. Inc., Rich­ Sixty-five ships, involving about 225,000 tons of ferrous scrap, mond, Calif.; Constable Hook Shipyard sold to date. Commission to limit offerings so that only about Inc., Bayonne, N. J.; Potomac Ship one million tons of iron and steel scrap will reach market an­ Wrecking Co., Washington; Dulien Steel Products Co. Inc., Seattle. nually. Some to be used for special purposes

UNDER a policy of disposing of its Sales of vessels for conversions into Settlement of Terminated damaged and overage vessels gradually, scrap so far have been as follows, suc­ W ar Contracts Progresses the Maritime Commission so far lias sold cessful bidders and number of vessels 65 bottoms involving about 225,000 tons bought: By-Products Iron & Steel Corp., More than 37,000 terminated war con­ of iron and steel scrap. A few of these Cleveland, 29; Boston Metal Co., Balti­ tracts involving canceled commitments ships were sold before Jan. 1 and some more, 6; American Iron & Metal Co., of $9.7 billion were settled during the in April, but the great majority were Emeryville, Calif., 6; M. D. Friedman first quarter of 1946, according to tire sold during tho first quarter. Co., Portsmouth, O., 9; Patapeco Scrap Office of Contract Settlement. Of the Present indications are that future of­ Corp., Bethlehem, Pa., 7; New Market 312,000 prime contracts terminated since ferings will be at about this rate—in­ Steel Co., Perth Amboy, N. J., 1; Joseph the beginning of war production, only volving a little less than 1,000,000 tons L. Kammer, Cleveland, 2; Liberty In­ 23,900, or less than 8 per cent, remained of ferrous scrap a year. The old and dustrial Salvage Co., Pittsburgh, 4; to be settled on Mar. 31. This is 13.5 damaged vessels could be put on the Northern Metal Co., Philadelphia, 1. per cent of the 177,000 prime contracts market at a much faster rate. Right The 29 vessels sold to the By-Products pending unsettled on V-J Day or termi­ now the commission, according to a Iron & Steel Corp. were all old lake ves­ nated since then. Of tire total of $64.4 statement by Vice Adm. Emory S. Land sels. All tire others were ocean-going billion of commitments canceled since before he retired as chairman, has in the ships, either cargo ships or tankers. the beginning of war production, $42 neighborhood of 1,500,000 tons of ship­ Future sales, the commission feels, will billion of which was pending on V-J ping that is damaged or overage. probably be made to companies who Day or terminated since then, $24.3 bil­ lion remained unsettled on Mar. 31. There are two reasons why the com­ have not so far put in high bids. In By Mar. 31, it was estimated that 81 mission is disposed to liquidate this in­ general, interest is increasing, and the ventory over a period rather than as number of bidders also is increasing. per cent of the total plant clearance jobs had been completed. The number of fast as it could be done. One is the ex­ requests for the removal of government- pectation that a program of stretching owned plant equipment and termination sales out over a period will result in inventory totaled only 42,500 in the first bringing higher prices for the govern­ quarter compared with 74,600 during ment. The other is that Admiral Land, the fourth quarter of last year. The back­ while with the commission, felt that the log of pending requests had been re­ liquidation of old and damaged ships by tlie commission should bring about the duced to 10,700 on Mar. 31. New terminations were unexpected!.' creation of a shipbreaking yard in the large in number but not in canceled United States, thus adding to the coun­ commitment value during the first quarter try’s business activities and new jobs. when new terminations totaled 8700, in­ Ships Used for Several Purposes volving canceled commitments of $500 At the present time the commission million. envisions the sale of old and damaged ships under three conditions. Those so 1944 Edition of Minerals far sold have been disposed of mostly under the first of Üiesc conditions; tiiese Yearbook Published ships are to be broken up into scrap. Bureau of Mines, Department of A number have been sold for scrapping MAJ. GEN. E. S. HUGHES Commerce, has published its 1944 cdi of tho hull and salvage of the equip­ Succeeding Lt. Gen. L. H. Cam pbell tion of Minerals Yearbook, authoritative ment. There is a likelihood that some Jr. as Chief of Ordnance, United States publication on domestic and foreign ships may be sold for purposes other Army, is Maj. Gen. Everett S. Hughes. mineral commodities. than transportation. Born in South D akota in 1885, General Prepared annually by the Economics Hughes graduated from West Point in For example, the commission has had 1908 and is a veteran of the two and Statistics Branch of the bureau, tie feelers for the purchase of vessels for World Wars and of the Mexican puni­ yearbook was withheld from genera^ highly special uses. In certain instances tive expedition. His career has been distribution during the war because o. spent in various Ordnance Department the censorship on publication of muc the plan has been to strip the ship of its posts and during World War II he had equipment and then fill the hull with important assignments in the European of the data. , concrete and use it for a breakwater. theater, including that of special assist­ Bound copies of the 1944 yearboo' In other instances the use of the ships ant to General Eisenhower. He was may be obtained for $3 each from ^ appointed acting chief of ordnance in superintendent of documents, Unite for power-generating purposes has been February of this year and will take considered in cases where the ships are over the duties of chief on June 1. States Government Printing Office, ^ equipped with turbo-electric propulsion. ington 25.

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BRYANT CHUCKING GRINDER CO. Br y a n t SPRINGFIELD, VERMONT, U .S.A . May 13. 1946 NAVAL RESEARCH NAVAL RESEARCH Broad. Research Program Enlists Aid of Private Facilities

tions upon contractors. The contracts Multi-million dollar undertaking aimed not be plotted in advance, develops the research contracts have been negotiated, are unique in that they distinctly author­ at adding to backlog of fundamental subject matter of contracts largely from or with which the negotiations have ize the contractors to teach and publish science as basis for developing new contractors’ recommendations. One of reached an advanced stage: the results of their work for the Navy. the plans still to be carried out calls Universities — California Institute of and improved weapons. University Captain Lawrence further points out: for selection of a panel of prominent Technology, Pasadena, Calif.; Carnegie and industrial laboratories drawn into ‘In the research contracts made by the civilian scientists to meet from time to Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh; Uni­ program on contract basis. Contracts Office of Research and Inventions, the time with the chief of research and in­ versity of Chicago; Columbia University, are free from security restrictions and scientists will decide what project they ventions and with the chief of naval are best equipped to work on. Mutually, New York; Cornell University, Ithaca, results of work will be publicized operations for consultation on the naval N. Y.; Harvard University, Cambridge, the Navy and the outside laboratory research program and its implications Mass.; University of Illinois, Urbana, will agree on a broad task, but the Navy with respect to military policy. will not dictate how to accomplish the Ul.; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; Part of the research work will be car­ task. We want to buy research and get Massachusetts Institute of Technology, ried out by the Naval Research Labora­ associated ■with its scientific accomplish­ the fruits of it—not dictate it and still Cambridge, Mass.; University of Mich­ tory which has a fine establishment at ments. Strength in this respect is re­ expect results. There will be no dog­ igan, Ann Arbor, Mich.; University of Washington and, in addition, numerous flected not only in the efficient mobili­ matic decisions, no dictatorial rulings or Minnesota, Minneapolis; New York Uni­ branches in different parts of the coun­ zation and conduct of the military effort, regimentation under bosses who do not versity; University of North Carolina, try specially equipped and located to but also in better living, more efficient know what it is all about. The technical Chapel Hill, N. C.; Ohio State Uni­ conduct special work. The scientific work, and high standards of health and military personnel assigned will assist versity, Columbus, O.; University of personnel of the Naval Research Lab­ recreation for the nation as a whole. in the administration of the contract and Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; University of oratory at present is broken down into “Scientific progress and human prog­ not interfere with the technical direction Pittsburgh; Polytechnic Institute of ress,” it declared, "cannot follow sep­ of the task.” ten divisions with scientific personnel Brooklyn, N. Y.; Stanford University, employed primarily under Civil Service. arate paths. In consequence of this ex­ In a general way, the scientific fields Palo Alto, Calif.; State University of These divisions are: perience there has developed a general to be explored include physics, nuclear Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; University of Airborne Radio; Aircraft Electrical recognition of the necessity for the ac­ Physics, chemistry, electronics, the med­ Texas, Austin, Tex.; Tufts College, .Med­ Research; Chemistry; Fire, Missile, and tive pursuit of scientific investigation. ical sciences, geophysics and meteorolo- ford, Mass.; Yale University, New Ha­ Pilotless Aircraft Control; Mechanics ven, Conn. While the actual details of the pro­ S>> and mathematics, and such allied and Electricity; Physical Metallurgy; gram have been organized over the past technical fields as flight, guided missiles, Industrial laboratories—Aerojet Engi­ Physical Optics; Ship-Shore Radio; Elec­ six months or so, the program itself is atomic energy, electronics, subsurface neering Corp., Pasadena, Calif.; Austin tronics Special Research; and Sound. the outcome of long-range Navy plan­ warfare, amphibious warfare, propul­ Co., New York; A. D. Little Inc., Cam­ ning. The recognition of the need for sion and mechanics and materials. But The Special Devices Division will func­ bridge, Mass.; Battelle Memorial Insti­ comprehensive scientific research was e overall conception is much broader; tion importantly in the program, particu­ tute, Columbus, O.; Bone Engineering one of the main reasons why the Nav>, R contemplates scientific investigation larly in the field of synthetic training Corp., Chicago; Burgess Co., Newport, on May 19, 1945, created the Office of as a co-operative enterprise among the and equipment, and human engineering. R. I.; E. I. du Pont de Nemours, Wil­ Research & Inventions. That is, the various branches of science; no one The term “synthetic training” is used mington, Del.; Eitel-McCullough Inc., need for the program was envisioned branch can be regarded as isolated and to characterize methods and equipment San Bruno, Calif.; General Electric Co., while the war was still in progress. independent. devised for the instructon of students Schenectady, N. Y.; Franklin Institute, Guiding the work of the Office of Re­ under simulated operational conditions, Philadelphia; Hollingsworth & Vose Co., REAR ADM. HAROLD G. BOWEN Staff of Experts To Be Created and it covers, usually, the development Chief, Office of Research and Inventions search & Inventions are three distin East Walpole, Mass.; Institute of Aero­ guished engineers selected because o One of the objectives, secondary only of new, complex weapons and instruc­ nautical Sciences, New York; Radio Corp. tion in their use. their past service to the Navy in engi 0 e development of new knowledge of America, Camden, N. J.; Reed Re­ AN EX TEN SIV E program of scientific rapidly becoming depleted. In order to neering and research fields Rear m- r°m fundamental research, is the crea- Following is a list of the universities search, Washington; Robert I. Sarbacher research, calling for the expenditure of develop new weapons or new tech­ Harold G. Bowen, USN, chief of Re­ wn o a staff of technically trained of­ and industrial laboratories with which & Associates, Atlanta, Ga.; Somerset Lab- many millions of dollars annually and niques of warfare which are radically search and Inventions, Rear Adm. Luis fe rs and civilians “capable of inter- enlisting the co-operation of scores of different from those now in use, it is de Florez, USNR, deputy chief, anu re ng the results of fundamental sci- private research facilities and universi­ imperative that radically large additions Capt. M. J. Lawrence, assistant c ue • nce m the light of the Navy’s require- ties is being undertaken by the Navy. be made to the backlog of fundamental To direct the research program, Admira ents for them." Primarily the Navy’s program is be­ science. The effective prosecution of Bowen established a Planning Division A feature which the Office of Research ing conducted for military purposes, and pure research is the key to our future under the direction of Capt. R- • « nventions constantly has in mind is its breadth is intended, at least in part, security.” rad, USN, and also made avaiLble no worthwhile research program can But the Navy takes a much broader to compensate for curtailment of re­ development of the program t ie be I T a -° become frozen. It must view of its program—and its budget search in past years. This situation was Research Laboratory, directed by • shift flexibIe~ su b ject to revision, to statement explained that its significance explained by the Navy as follows in a H. A. Schade, USN, and the Sp eaJD j a fl S-jln empbasis- To maintain such to the nation’s general economic welfare statement accompanying its budget es­ vices Division, directed by Capt.0 be 1 ■ v0ndition> so that contracts may' is fully equal to its significance for pur­ timates for the fiscal year ending June L. Hibbard, USNR. To link the Nav> the ™ and executed intelligently, poses of war. 30, 1947: men more closely with the civi an maint • 1C6i ^esearcb & Inventions “Experience gained during the war “Tire field of fundamental research lific fraternity, Dr. Alan To'vej^ 0f years has established quite clearly the reaus t^r “ with a11 the NavY bu~ has been explored to a small degree man, on leave from the Depa m and J te6P a'5reast ° f their problems importance of scientific research in the during the war. Weapons of warfare Physics, Yale University, heads toe tynes Tt & ,Proper understanding of interest of national security,” the state­ have been improved and developed, entific branch of the Planning 1 tain, m solutions sought. It main- ment pointed out. “There is ample evi­ based on fundamental scientific princi­ A notable feature of the Pr0S^ ric_ since r °Sei COntact with contractors and, ples known long before the war. dence to show that a nation’s welfare, results of scientific research can- the entire absence of security CAPT. M . J. LA W R EN CE “The storehouse of this knowledge is both in peace and in war, is intimately REAR ADM. LUIS de FLOREZ . r c U May 13, 1940 70 NAVAL RESEARCH oratories, Lyndhurst, N. J.; Stevens In­ stitute of Technology, Hoboken, N. J. Research contracts under negotia­ tion include: Universities — Univer­ sity of Indiana, Bloomington, Ind.; Na­ tional Academy of Sciences, Washing­ ton; Notre Dame University, South Bend, Ind.; Princeton University, Princeton, N. J.; University of Rochester, Roches­ ter, N. Y.; Syracuse University, Syra­ cuse, N. Y. Industrial Laboratories — Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, O,; Federal Telecommunication Laboratories, Nutley, N. J.; Radium Chemical Co., New York; Standard Oil Development Co., New York; Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh. C O M M . H. A. S C H A D E CAPT. R. D. CONRAD Research contracts under discus­ sion: Universities — Alfred Universi­ down of the overall-picture for practical for ship plates and other materials may ty, Alfred, N. Y.; Brooklyn Poly- reasons. be written. technical Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.; “The whole program in metals is so “The present and future requirements Brown University, Providence, R. I.; interwoven and integrated,” said Mr. for materials indicate that research must University of California, Berkeley, Calif.; Kramer, “that the results obtained in be done on the behavior of material un­ University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo.; each will be helpful to the progress der a wide variety of conditions,” said Fordham University, New York; Georgia in all the others.” Mr. Kramer. “The strength and ductility School of Technology, Atlanta, Ga.; are not uniquely defined but are deter­ Kansas State College, Manhattan, Kans.; To illustrate the thoroughness of the mined by such factors as stress pattern, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa.; approach on the individual projects, a strain rate, temperature and size of struc­ Northwestern University, Evanston, 111.; contract now under negotiation by the ture. Thus in addition to such static Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.; Rice ORI with the University of Illinois may properties as strength, permanent elon­ Institute, Houston, Tex.; Rutgers Uni­ be cited. The research to be conduct­ gation, reduction of area, and hardness, versity, New Brunswick, N. J.; Scripps ed under this contract is to come under dynamic properties such as creep, plas­ Institute of Oceanography, La Jolla, such heads as: “Behavior of Materials tic deformation, relaxation, and stress Calif.; University of Southern California, Under Repeated Stress,” “Fundamental gradients must be determined. In or­ Los Angeles; Tulane University, New Criteria for Selecting Structural Metals,” der to understand how these factors Orleans; University of Virginia, Char­ “Analysis of Structural and Machine Ele­ ments,” etc. operate in affecting the behavior of ma­ lottesville, Va.; Washington State College, terials a clearer understanding of the Pullman, Wash.; Washington University, Better Criteria To Be Developed mechanism of slip, twinning and cleav­ St. Louis; Wesleyan University, Middle­ age in polycrystalline materials and the town, Conn.; University of Wisconsin, "The principal object of the investi­ limiting conditions of stress and strain Madison, Wis. gation,” reads a University of Illinois to produce failure must be known. Industrial Laboratories—Bendix Avia­ summary of the university’s under­ tion Corp., New York; Collins Radio standing of the results desired, “is to “This is a broad and important field Corp., Cedar Rapids, Iowa; Eastman develop criteria more rational than those and is of interest to the Navy Depart­ Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y.; Electrodyne, now in use for selecting steels for spe­ ment in connection with ship protec­ Boston; Emerson Radio & Phonograph cific and mechanical uses. These cri­ tive systems, armor plate, structural con­ Co., New York; Engineering Research teria are to be based upon the relation siderations in design, in the fabrication Associates, St. Paul; General Communi­ between the physical properties of the of aircraft and in tire proper choice of cations Co., Boston; B. F. Goodrich Co., metals as indicated by small specimen material in pulse motors. Basic researc Akron; Hastings Instrument Co., Hamp­ tests and the behavior of structural or on materials would include behavior an ton, Va.; Ilumm Laboratory, Lakeliurst, machine elements under sendee condi­ properties exhibited under such chem­ N. J.; Kollsman Square D Co., New tions. The results, it is believed, will ical conditions, including the effect o York; North American Phillips Corp., make it possible to predict the sendee biological factors.” Dobbs Ferry, N. Y.; Raytheon Corp., behavior of various types of structural As an illustration of the way in which Waltham, Mass.; Remington Rand, Mid­ members and machine parts made of the individual projects tie in with eac dletown, Conn.; Sperry Gyroscope Co., different metals and by different fabricat­ other, a contract now under negotiation Brooklyn, N, Y,; Submarine Signal Co., ing processes.” by the ORI with the Carnegie Institute Boston; Edward Steams & Co., Philadel­ Mr. Kramer further explains the ob­ of Technology may be cited. The re phia; Sylvania Corp., Boston. ject of the investigation by pointing out search under this contract will fid un In the field of metals the individual that behavior of a large mass of material der such heads as "Kinetics of Reaction programs call for a large amount of fun­ under service conditions cannot usually in Steelmaking,” "Kinetics pf Reaction damental research on subjects which be predicted accurately from investiga­ in Solid Alloys,” etc. The whole proj­ have been brushed over lightly in the tion of small specimens in the usual lab­ ect, in effect, will deal with the ph>sica past. Furthermore, as explained to oratory testing machines. One of the chemistry of steelmaking. And the u* S t e e l by Irvin R. Kramer, metallur- primary objects, he says, is the design of formation gained under this contrac, gist in the ORI’s Planning Division, the test pieces, both large and small, from is expected, will tie in directly "i individual projects represent a breaking whose behavior intelligent specifications gained in the University of

/ T E E 1 72 NAVAL RESEARCH

Kramer points out, is to ascertain the full possibilities of all our strategic ma­ terials so as to prevent the development of undue shortages in any future na­ tional emergency. Many specific phases of the inquiry have this purpose in mind —as, for example, a study of the effects of alloying elements on the ductility of quenched and tempered steels. ORI’s position in regard to research in nuclear physics is: “While the govern­ ment’s position in reference to control of the development of atomic power plants and ordnance is still in doubt, this does not relieve the Navy of its respon­ sibility for the national security in be­ ginning fundamental investigations in CAPT. DONALD L. HIBBARD IR V IN R. K R A M ER the new and very important field of nu­ clear physics . . . The field is starved for the basic information on which all en­ project described on the preceding page. with alloys of the cobalt-chromium and gineering development must be found­ "The behavior of steel in service de­ chromium-molybdenum systems — “ the ed.” pends not only on its composition and ones most widely used and on which we Furthermore, ORI points out, the Navy treatment,” Mr. Kramer told S t e e l , have the least knowledge.” One aim but on how it has been made in the will be to fill present gaps in the knowl­ has particular requirements “for both power plants for ships and submarines steel plant. “ We want to know what edge about weldabllity of heat resistant and underwater ordnance . . . It is there­ happens in the steelmaking process, and alloys. This project also will include what happens to the constituent ele­ heat resistant construction by the use fore proposed to make fundamental re­ ments in the charge. We want to know of ceramic bodies and ceramic coatings. search contracts wilh a number of the leading academic institutions of the what happens in the different steelmak­ Another contract placed, covering country in this field.” The contemplated ing processes—what goes' on in acid “Iso-Elastic Alloys,” has been assigned project in the Geld of nuclear physics' and basic open-hearth furnaces, electric to the Naval Research Laboratory. This is a big one, and ORI expects vast re­ furnaces and bessemer converters that study, too, will be of a fundamental sults from it and that these results will has a bearing on the service behavior nature, with the main object of devel­ have profound effects on development of the steel. We want to determine oping higher strength alloys than now whether, in case of some future national available so that instruments incorporat­ work of the future. emergency certain steelmaking capacity ing parts of such alloys will last longer One of the aims is to find “other ele­ is destroyed or damaged, the desired prod­ in service. The alloys sought are those ments which are capable of yielding uct can be produced by other processes which will not undergo changes in their practical amounts of energy on eithei and at other locations.” moduli of elasticity over a limited tem­ disintegration or synthesis.” One of the methods to be employed perature range—usully minus zero to Electronics To Be Investigated in studying the physical chemistry of plus 150 degrees centigrade. With respect to the field of electronics, steelmaking is the use of radioactive To Naval Research Laboratory also ORI’s position is that great progress was tracers. By this means, it is expected, has been assigned a project entitled Con­ made during the war years in develop­ migrations can be studied, and the loca­ tactor Alloys.” The Navy now has no ment of equipment for detection, fire tion of any constituent determined at short-time means for predicting the be­ control, communications, navigation and any desired stage of the steelmaking havior of alloys used in making elec­ intelligence. But very often these de­ process. trical contacts, and it is hoped this gap velopments were guided by the needs of "The study of Kinetics of Reactions can be filled. Tire study also will aim the moment and the amount of basic >n Solid Alloys, which is the basic sci- at determining the influence of transient investigation and research was quite ence of the heat treatment of alloys, currents on the contactor metal and, limited. ORI sees a host of questions such as in the age hardening of dural­ vice versa, tire influence of the contactor in the field of electronics that need to umin, the hardening of steel or quench- metal on transient currents. Improved be cleared up through fundamental re­ mgs, homogenization of mixed powders alloys also are sought. and in castings, the hardening of du­ search. Corrosion Study To Be Fundamental ralumin, etc., is also directly connected In the field of chemistry ORI sees a with the properties of the metals," Mr. A project now being negotiated by great need for critical evaluation of a amer points out. “Itr Ts directly re- the ORI jointly with the Naval Research vast amount of work already accom­ ated to the plastic behavior of metals, Laboratory and with Ohio State Uni­ plished. The agenda calls for: to recovery and recrystallization follow­ versity involves studies under the head A fundamental study and evaluation of ing cold work and to the behavior of of “Corrosion,” and this study will be synthetic fuels, particularly some new m eta Is in specific applications. These entirely fundamental as contrasted with compounds of great promise; studies will be 0f wide theoretical and the usual test work. More information A fundamental study of the combus­ Practical importance.” is sought about corrosion in general, stress tion process in connection with the use of new fuels and new types of motors, Under a contract already negotiated, corrosion, corrosion fatigue, erosion and particularly in missiles of great speed attelle Memorial Institute will conduct corrosion in combination, etc. and range; a undamental research program on all One of the important objectives of the heat resistant materials. It will start off whole metallurgical campaign, Mr. (Please turn to Page 178)

May 13, 1946 73 GRIME AND PUNISHMENT Out where men are men and the work is tough and pregnated fabric washer and spring steel split retainer dirty, where the air’s not conditioned and no refresh­ ring, seals that create no distortion, seals that make ing coolant flows . . . that’s where portable electric the fullest use of newest materials and methods. Be tools show the stuff they’re made of. Because that’s cause these electric tools need the Fafnir kind of what these tools are made for . . . to take flying grit precision to keep out brush bounce and keep down that cuts and grinds, clogging dirt and dust, heat excess vibration. And because the Fafnir Balanced and cold, wet and dry and rocketing speed that slices Design of deeper races and larger balls gives the extra through an hour’s job in minutes’ time. thrust capacity’ and rugged dependability you need in Stuff like Fafnir Ball Bearings . . . that’s what tools that lean into the work. tough, dependable portable electric tools are made Most of all, what it takes to make ball bearings for of. Because they need the kind of sealing devices portable electric tools is what makes Fafnirs the first Fafnir’s developed to lock in lubricant and lock choice of so many machine designers, manu­ out dirt and moisture through long months facturers and users ... the mind-to-mind way of abuse and neglect... positive seals such as Fafnir has of working out a bearing problem. the Fafnir PLYA-SEAL with its plastic im­ The Fafnir Bearing Co., New Britain, Conn.

BALL FAFNIR B EAR I N GS /TE E t By A. H. ALLEN Detroit Editor, STEEL

Study of managerial policies and organization of General duce leaders and the failure of socialist competition to replace adequately the Motors contained in new book by Peter F. Drucker. Studebaker yardstick of tire competitive market are introduces 1947 models which feature sharp breaks in styling very severe weaknesses.” from 1946 and prewar designs. On the score of automobile plant workers, much criticism has been di­ rected in tire past at tire “monotony” of DETROIT in tire industrial system and as a citizen assembly line tasks. Drucker charges HOW to bring "status and function” in society. to the individual in a modem industrial this viewpoint as being both superficial In reviewing decentralization of man­ society is one of the most critical prob­ and sentimental, claiming it overlooks agement, which General Motors considers lems of our day and the subject of a the fact that monotony in any kind of as a basic concept of a successful in­ rather exhaustive socio-political analysis work is inevitable, as well as necessary, dustrial order, the author describes the by Peter F. Drucker in his latest book, and good for the great majority of men, corporation as an essay in federalism Concept of the Corporation (John Day since the opposite of monotony is in­ and an exceedingly successful one, in Co., New York, $3). His conclusions security. And he adds: “Complete that it attempts to combine the greatest are based in part upon a two-year study monotony is certainly unbearable except corporate unit with the greatest division­ of the managerial policies and organiza­ for a moron; but complete insecurity is al autonomy and responsibility. It has tion of General Motors Corp., under­ just as unbearable except for a mad­ taken upon invitation of the corporation man.” and concluded last summer. They are On foremen: “On the unique position not particularly heartening to anyone of tire foreman depends to a very large eagerly awaiting the golden tomorrow Automobile Production extent American middle-class mentality of American industry, but at the same Passenger Cars and Trucks— U. S. and social structure in an industrial age. time they suggest that perhaps only and Canada If we want to maintain this middle- within the framework of the American Tabulated by Ward’s Automotive Reports class society, we must maintain the social and political system can much 1946 1941 traditional position of the foreman. That sound progress be made, means, as far as the foreman is con­ January ...... 121,861 524,073 The author divides his discussion into cerned, we must maintain the opportuni­ February .... 83,841 509,332 four parts: Capitalism in one country— ties to rise into management and the March ...... 140,777 533,878 more or less of an introductory nature; middle-class function and status of fore- April ...... 245,000“ 489,856 the corporation as human effort; the manship. Certainly during the last 50 corporation as a social institution; and Week ended: years—and especially during the last economic policy in an industrial society. April 20.. . 57,565“ 99,945 15—the foreman has lost rapidly in Within these four parts are chapters April 27. . . 64,620“ 108,165 status, in function and in the chance devoted to organization for production, May 4. . .. 67,585“ 130,610 for individual fulfillment in his job. He ecentralization policies, relations be­ May 11... 65,000“ 132,380 has become, or at least tends to become, tween the corporation and its dealer “Preliminary. the ‘forgotten man’ of American in­ outlets, foremen— the industrial middle dustry.” c ass, workers’ problems in an industrial society, possibilities for full employment, Foundation for Free Enterprise etc. resulted in the development of a leader­ In conclusion, Drucker erects five Key to the elimination of unrest and ship technique which, as proved in the pillars on which an economic policy for «satisfaction among working people is war, can tackle any manufacturing job a free-enterprise society rests. They seen by Drucker as dependent upon the and organize it speedily, efficiently and are: (1) A working full employment Per ection of means to bring the in- economically. Two exceptions to the policy; (2) clear determination of those vi ual worker dignity, status and func- poliçy of decentralization in GM are spheres in which the survival interest f °1 *n 0wn eyes- Paternalism has Chevrolet and Fisher Body. of society demands collective political, 31 t0 provide this because it is held Keynote to the success of any large rather than individual economic, action; 0 rest on the basic fallacy that people corporation, however, is its ability to (3) recognition of the areas of economic ja^e Propaganda for reality. Union- produce leaders with vision and talent, life which in the interest of economic *Sm ‘kewise has failed because it has and GM has been eminently successful efficiency should be organized on the concentrated solely upon economic is­ in this respect As the author expresses basis of rationality, that is, on and by sues and is in inception and basic nature it: "Without an able, responsible and market price, but which must also be rregati\ e, aiming continually to protect enterprising leadership, willing and cap­ protected against the market in the in­ e worker against management, against able of taking the initiative, the most terest of social stability (clearest examples anC^ •*** about everything else. efficient institution cannot maintain its in the field of farming); (4) prevention ;n, at *S necd°d> says Drucker, is an efficiency, let alone increase it. The of monopoly, as carefully distinguished egration of the worker as a partner inability of a socialist enterprise to pro­ from mere bigness which becomes a

(Material in this department is protected by copyright and its use in any form without permission is prohibited )

May 13, 1946 75 MIRRORS of MOTORDOM

project and the corporation reportedly supplying financial backing. At least one Chevrolet foundry equipment pro­ gram has been deferred so that the Wheland Co. job can get in ahead on suppliers’ delivery schedules. First figures on the financial cost of the GM strike were disclosed in the first- quarter report of the corporation, reveal­ ing a net loss of over $36 million. Op­ erating loss was approximately $89 mil­ lion but was reduced by income and excess profits tax adjustments. Gross sales during the three months when all plants were strikebound totaled about 1947 STUDEBAKER: Most striking design in the 1947 Studeboker line is $75 million, or only a little over 7 per this five-passenger coupe in which contour-fit windows replace former cent of the figure for the same period a rear-quarter body panels, giving virtually unobstructed rear vision. Note year ago. Net working capital decreased front windshield has curved glass. Bodies are completely restyled, lower during the quarter by 20 per cent, or to and wider, with improved weight distribution about $625 million. Meanwhile, Chrysler Corp. also showed an operating loss in the quarter despite continuing production, of $8.4 social asset through decentralization; and rod bearings, two-section propeller shaft million, reduced by lax adjustments to (5) centering tiro economic policy on the to eliminate any floor tunnel, “black $829,928. Sales to dealers in the period conservation of human and man-made light” illumination of instrument panel, totaled 108,176 cars and trucks. Maxi­ assets, inferring the adoption of a fiscal frame siderails and cross members double mum production since V-J Day was at­ policy and mentality which encourages flanged at the bottom. tained in the week ending Apr. 27, the accumulation of capital resources for The question now is whether other when 14,029 vehicles were assembled, a future capital investments. builders will push their new model de­ figure considerably at variance with the For those who like to ponder the velopment work ahead to meet the estimate of Ward’s Automotive Reports grave social and political problems of Studebaker challenge of an entirely new — 18,500. This output represents about the times, Concept of the Corporation series of Champion and Commander half-speed for Chrysler, and chronic is highly recommended. models. At first glance, the answer shortages indicate progressively lower would appear in the negative, because of assemblies for the current period. New Studebakers Introduced the current sellers’ market and because The automobile industry is weighing the industry’s larger units have never Ford’s Office Workers Reject CIO the probable ultimate effect of the intro­ found it necessary to follow the lead In the first N LRB election involving duction by Studebaker, officially May of a smaller independent; in fact it has office personnel of Ford Motor Co., of­ 7, of its 1947 models which feature always been quite the reverse. fice employees in Chicago recently voted sharp breaks in styling from 1942 and Two new stamping plants fo r the 73 to 30 to reject a proposal that the 1946 models. After a sneak preview Fisher Body Division of CM are well United Office & Professional Workers of the new models in Chicago, Apr. 24, under way, one at Ilnmilton, O., con­ of America-CIO serve as their bargain­ the company hoped to be away to a centrating on heavy press work, and one ing agent. Time study employees of the flying production start by the first of at Columbus, O., on lighter stampings. same branch also turned down the this month and to be rolling new cars A third project, not yet announced pub­ UOPWA proposal. Organization of of­ at a rate of 25,000 per month by June. licly but well along in the planning fice and professional workers is a de­ However, shortages of frames and other stage, involves a large heavy-press plant clared policy of Walter P. Reuther, new parts threw this planning into reverse on the west side of Detroit, near the UAW-CIO president; how he may fare and the attainment of peak production General Motors diesel plant on West among larger groups than those just men­ now is some distance away. Outer Drive. This unit was reported tioned remains to be seen. Most novel of the models currendy to be virtually a duplicate of the Grand Formation of a new engineering so­ announced is a two-door five-passenger Rapids stamping unit of Fisher Body, ciety, the American Society of Body En­ coupe in which the rear window has although perhaps somewhat larger, and gineers Inc., has been announced by its been extended around both rear quarter equipment needs had been figured and president, I. Louis Carron, body engi­ panels to give unobstructed vision. In placed with builders. Latest word around neer of the Detroit Harvester Co. The view of die many complaints of “blind Detroit, however, runs to the effect the society is a nonprofit corporation with spots” in rear vision directed at auto­ project has been suspended for reasons national headquarters in the Rackha® mobile builders for years, it is strange not yet ascertainable. Memorial building in Detroit. A tech this extension of the rear window has A gray iron foundry at Chattanooga, nical convention will be held in Octo been so long in coming, but it is now Tenn., operated by the Wheland Co., is ber by the society in the Rackham Me­ another Studebaker first. currently being groomed for a major morial building wnth Carl W. Cenzer as Other style and design features: Much expansion to supply 15,000 sets of cast general chairman. lower bodies, wider passenger compart­ brake drums daily for Chevrolet. Large Recognition that auto body engineer ments, front fenders blended into body volume of melting, casting and convey­ ing is now a profession is seen in * lines, lower center of gravity, floating ing equipment has been placed, with fact that the University of Michigan will front spring _mounts, self - adjusting General Motors engineers providing con­ start a course in the subject leading to brakes, interchangeable-type connecting siderable technical assistance on the an engineering degree.

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MaV 13, 1946 ACTIVITIES

Sees Pittsburgh Benefiting from Diversification

Steel company president says movement of steel producing facilities will spur efforts to obtain new industries

EVENTUAL RELOCATION of some of the steel production facilities now situated in the Pittsburgh area will be for the ultimate advantage of Pittsburgh because such a development would through necessity stimulate diversifica­ tion of industry there with attendant greater stability of employment, J. L. Perry, president, Camegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, has predicted. Speaking at the Institute on Com­ munity Problems of the University of Pittsburgh recently, Mr. Perry pointed out that while Camegie-Illinois Steel Corp. has and will continue to have some of its largest investments in the Pitts­ burgh area, Pittsburgh no longer has the advantages it formerly held in rela­ tion to markets for steel and availability of raw materials. “We must logically expect,” he said, “that when it is neces­ sary for some of the present steel manu­ facturing facilities in Pittsburgh to be replaced they will be installed at loca­ tions nearer to the concentrated con­ SAFETY MANACLES: Punch press operator Peter Baker likes being chained sumption of steel, and there will be some to his machine at SKF Industries Inc., Philadelphia, because in stamping reduction in the total ingot capacity in rivet holes in hard steel ball and roller bearing cages it means increased the Pittsburgh area. safety and already has helped reduce plant accidents by 22 per cent. The Must Attract New Industries shackling device synchronizes movement of the hands with motion of the press. When the press descends, cords attached to leather wristbands “It must be recognized that every­ pull the operator's hands away. NEA photo thing possible must be done to attract diversified industries,” Mr. Perry em­ phasized. “With the natural advantages abounding here, with the available sup­ ply of raw materials and basic products BRIEFS.... such as steel, aluminum, glass, coal, chemicals and others, there is no reason Paragraph mentions of developments of interest and signifi­ why this area should not be the seat of many consumer industries. cance within the metalworking industry “With diversification will come sta­ bility. There are many industries, which, Champion Rivet Co., Cleveland, has controlling Barth Smelting Corp., New by their nature, have much more stable appointed the following as distributors York. The acquisition will increase e employment than has so far been pos­ for its welding products: F. J. Sweeney, Columbian marine propeller line to in sible in steel. The greater the number Cleveland and Akron district; Terminal elude a range from 2 in. to 22 ft m and the diversity of those industries Engineering & Supply Co., Pittsburgh, diameter. which can be induced to settle here, the Pittsburgh district; and Norton Welding more favorable will be the industrial Equipment Co., Milwaukee, for Wis­ Stacey-Dresser Engineering, Cleve­ fortunes of Pittsburgh. So far as steel consin. land, division of Stacey Bros. Gas Con is concerned,” Mr. Perry asserted, “I struction Co., Cincinnati, has look upon this potential diversification Columbian Bronze Corp., Freeport, awarded contracts for installation o two with satisfaction because it will provide Long Island, N. Y., has purchased large propane-air plants, one to be o added markets for our steel capacity Doran Manganese Bronze Co. Inc., cated at McMahon compressor station here.” Brooklyn, N. Y., from the principals near Perrysburg, O., and the other a

78 ACTIVITIES the Mt. Sterling, O., compressor sta­ tion. Republic Steel Expanding Silicon

Stanley Tools, division of Stanley Strip and Tin Plate Facilities Works, New Britain, Conn., has acquired the business and plant of North Bros. PRODUCTION of electrolytic tin hot-dip tin pots. Changes will not affect Mfg. Co., Philadelphia. The latter com­ plate and silicon strip steel will be ma­ production capacity, but will enable a pany will continue operations with the terially increased at Republic Steel better quality tin plate to be produced. same personnel. Corp.’s plants when that company’s Another phase of the program at War­ present construction and engineering ren will be the rebuilding and modern­ program is completed. Completion dates izing of 32 annealing furnaces in the Joseph T. Ryerson & Son Inc., Chi­ on the various phases of the program, cold strip department, gaining about cago, steel warehouser, has begun con­ according to the present schedule, run 7000 tons a month. struction of a warehouse and office from Sept. 1, 1946, to August, 1947. Production of silicon strip will be building at East 53rd St. and Lakeside The program entails contruction of increased by installation of seven radiant Ave., Cleveland. The new facility will two buildings, one at Warren, O., and tube annealing furnaces and all necess­ have a total floor space of 247,000 sq. one at Niles, O.; installation of new' ary handling facilities. The annealing ft. equipment and modification of present capacity of the silicon strip department equipment to speed up certain processes. will be doubled. The silicon annealing McNally Pittsburg Mfg. Corp., Pitts­ One phase of the program is intended furnaces will necessitate the contruction burg, Kans., has purchased a majority to increase annealing capacity of the of a new building of a light factory type interest in Morrow Mfg. Co., Wellston, Warren district. construction. Six of the furnaces will be O., which will continue to operate under The first step to increase capacity contained in this building. its own name as a division. Both com­ of the tin mill at Niles will be to use panies make coal preparation and han­ coils larger than the present 5000-pound Follansbee Steel Corp. dling machinery. size. Three customary coils will be butt- welded, forming coils weighing up to Adds Warehouse Division 15,000 pounds. Handling equipment Follansbee Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, has History of Harrisburg will be enlarged and uncoilers and recoil- organized a new division, Follansbee ers must be rebuilt to handle the larger Steel Corp. Published Metal Warehouses, in which the present and heavier coils. Since 1853,” the title of the history warehousing services of the corporation Frank E. Flynn, manager of the War­ will be consolidated, according to J. W. of the Harrisburg Steel Corp., Harrisburg, ren district, estimates capacity will be Pa., which has recently been published, Patrick Jr., manager of warehouses. increased from 20,600 to 23,700 tons a depicts the growth of a small company, The change has been made to establish month at the continuous pickier where the Harrisburg Car Mfg. Co., organized the identity and services of the warehouses the butt welding equipment will be in­ with $25,000 capital, into an organization separately from the steel production stalled. Operation of the tandem cold which in 1945 had a capitalization in activities of the corporation and as part reducing mill, which reduces the strip excess of $3% million. Entertainingly of a plan to broaden the field of services to the desired thickness, will be speeded written, the book takes the company at present warehouses in Pittsburgh and up to handle the increased output thus through the agonizing days of the Civil Rochester, N. Y. The division is planning obtained. War (the Battle of Gettysburg w a s establishment of other warehouses in fought 34 miles away), through panics, Equipment To Be Added at Niles localities now under consideration, Mr. floods, fires, and two World Wars up Four portable annealing furnaces, two Patrick said. to the present time. The history of 93 of the standard practice and two ultra­ years and the people who made history modern type furnaces will be installed War Weapons Displayed at company’s organization is covered at the Niles plant. These will increase in this interesting report. present annealing capacity to about 9000 Navy Air Firepower Show tons a month. Installation of three DX A Navy Air Firepower Show at the gas machines to furnish atmospheric gas in Wire Reinforcement Group Naval A ir. Test Center, Patuxent river, connection with the annealing process is Maryland, was witnessed Apr. 30 by Elects New Officers an important part of this improvement. A members of the Institute of Aeronau­ heavy-type building will be built for the New officers for the coming year tical Sciences. A demonstration of weap­ new annealing furnaces. ''ere elected at the recent meeting of ons used in the war, as well as those Extensive modification and redesign of . e_W're Reinforcement Institute held still under development, the show fea­ the unitemper mill will be made to tured numerous types of airplanes, rock­ C ^Pr'n®s’ ^a- They include: J. speed up its operation to the increased ets, and small arms. ci it- executive vice president. production resulting from the larger e ¡eld Steel Corp., Kansas City, Mo., coils and to. eliminate delays now en­ Displayed for the first time was the Ptosi ent; W. H. Stewart, sales manager, countered in the changing of rolls. This 30-ton thrust rocket motor developed em orciug Products Division, Truscon unique mill is a 2-stand, 2-high mill, as the Navy’s answer to the German .p etj ^ 0,< Cleveland, vice president. one stand above the other, and was V-2. • J- Kauer, managing director of the placed in operation in the summer of Also displayed were the rocket power s ‘tote, was re-elected secretary and Measurer. 1942. unit CML-2N used to drive the "Gor­ At the Warren plant, improvements gon” pilotless aircraft; “Tiny Tim,” the New bylaws for the institute were will be made in another tin plate pro­ 12-inch, 1200-pound rocket; and sev­ opted at the meeting, and the deci- duction method, the hot-dip process. eral types of propeller and jet driven ° n was made to incorporate. The project calls for modernizing six aircraft.

May 13, 1946 79 WEST COAST

price, or lease the property "as is” on See W A A Facing Ticklish Task in rental-purchase basis, or operate the plant “on a profitable basis, a division of the profits equally, or on a purchase Acting on Geneva Steel Plant Bids basis with the Reconstruction Finance Corp.” Offers of United States Steel Corp. and Colorado Fuel & Iron Riley Steel Co., Los Angoles, pro­ Corp. attract most interest on Pacific Coast. Most bids con­ posed to buy the property outright for tingent on government financing to add finishing facilities to $135 million with a down payment of $12,367,102.22, contingent on a govern­ convert plant to production of marketable civilian products ment loan for $28,844,000 with interest at 4 per cent. SAN FRANCISCO $91.1 million, all of which would be Pacific American Steel & Iron Corp., WESTERN steel interests believe the financed by U. S. Steel. Seattle, offered to purchase the plant for War Assets Administration faces a tick­ U. S. Steel reserved the right to with­ $40,498,622, payable over a period of lish problem in deciding on acceptance draw its bid if not accepted by June 15, 20 years with interest at 2 per cent and or rejection of the six bids received for 1946. would require a loan of $25 million for the Geneva Steel plant in Utah. Colorado Fuel & Iron’s offer is based plant additions. An alternate proposal Only two of the bids are considered entirely on a leasing proposal with an would have the government him the here as carrying much weight. These are option to buy. Its plan would keep the plant over to the company and provide the offers of the United States Steel government in the steel business perhaps $25 million loan on the understanding Corp. through its western subsidiary, longer than the government may want the original cost of the plants and the Columbia Steel Co., to purchase the to continue. Perhaps the greatest oppo­ loan would be repaid from earnings. plant with inventory for $47.5 million, sition to the Colorado Fuel & Iron offer, Assets Reconstruction Corp. Ltd., Los or without inventory for $40 million, however, will come from the proposal Angeles, proposed to pay $38,750,000 and die proposal of Colorado Fuel & that the government invest nearly $48 for the project and stand the cost of ad­ Iron Corp., Denver, to create a new million additional in the plant. Strong ding the required facilities. company to lease the plant at a rental opposition is expected in Congress to A telegraphic offer from a firm signed of $2 a ton for a period of not less than spending that much on a facility which by Blue Star Enterprises Inc., Salt Lake 15 years, with option to buy at a mini­ already has become a “white elephant” City, bidding $302 million for the plant mum price of $80 million. The latter to the government. was withdrawn shortly after it was re­ offer is contingent upon die govern­ The remaining bids come from less ceived. The bid was called an “error ment installing facilities costing $47,- well known bidders. and WAA officials said they did not 935.000 to integrate the plant for the pro­ Judson S. Warshaw, New York, offered know the company or the individuals duction of marketable steel products. to buy Geneva "as is” at two-thirds of whose names were signed to the wire. Most interest here centers on die offer the “as is” value with a down payment Kaiser Co. Inc. made no bids on the of die United States Steel Corp. of 50 per cent of the agreed purchase property, but submitted a long letter Advantage to the government in ac­ cepting the U. S. Steel bid would be in getting out from under the $190 mil­ lion Geneva plant without furdier fuss or bother, with reasonable assurance that the facilities would be used to provide steel for western consumers. A drawback, politically, to the U. S. Steel offer is seen in the amount of the bid in relation to the cost of the plant. Observers expect political criticism would be voiced if WAA sold the Geneva plant for a little more than 21 per cent of cost Anodier factor which may militate against a decision to sell to U. S. Steel is die certainty that the old political cries of "monopoly” will be raised again. In making the U. S. Steel offer, Presi­ dent Benjamin F. Fairless stated the corporation contemplated installing facil­ ities costing $18.6 million to produce 386.000 tons of hot-rolled coils. These coils would be utilized in the production of cold-reduced sheets and tin plate at a modern cold reduction mill to be erec­ ted at Columbia Steel Co.’s plant at SHOVING OFF: Party of Anglo-American atom scientists board the sea­ Pittsburg, Calif., at an estimated cost of plane tender U. S. S. KENNETH W HITING at Terminal Island, Los $25 million. Thus the total estimated Angeles preparatory to leaving for Bikini rendezvous for the atom bomb tes cost to U. S. Steel of acquiring and con­ verting the Geneva works would be

SO /TEE»- WEST COAST discussing at length the financial and production relationships between the West Faces Growing Shortage of Kaiser-operated Fontana plant and the Geneva project. Light Finished Steel Products For the South Chicago plant operated by Republic Steel Corp. during the war, Coal and steel strikes have accentuated scarcity. Basic blame only two bids were presented.' One was by Republic, which offered to lease the laid to over-optimistic forecasts for postwar steel empire on property at a minimum rental of $2 Coast, which caused some independent eastern producers to million annually, or $3 million annually withdraw from Pacific markets. No immediate relief in sight provided certain facilities were added to the plant. SAN FRANCISCO ing up sales outlets here, was not worth C. A. Depue of the Central Steel GROWING shortage of finished steel the risk if the Coast were to achieve Tube Co., Clinton, Iowa, offered $17,- items on the West Coast is attaining self-sufficiency in steel production. The 500,000 for all assets and property. proportions that may become serious in result was that a half dozen companies the next few months. Although the which supplied much of the finished Materials Shortages Cause scarcity is partly the result of the recent steel material before the war now have steel strike and the current coal strike, Layoff of 600 at Boeing withdrawn entirely from the West Coast. real reason goes much deeper and pro­ This retreat has put the Coast in the SEATTLE bably will continue long after the strike position of not having at this time suf­ Increased material shortages have re­ effects are forgotten. ficient home-grounds production of ma­ sulted in 600 additional Boeing em­ Jobbers and fabricators of steel prod­ terials, especially of finished items, and ployees being temporarily terminated at ucts have seen their stocks dwindling the two major producers, U. S. Steel and Seattle. It is announced they will be re­ for weeks now until nearly every category Bethlehem, are not capable of supplying instated as soon as supplies are again is in short supply and many items are the additional needs from their eastern available. The Renton plant is finishing nonexistent. Thin sheets are especially mills. construction of B-29s and it had been scarce, but an even greater famine exists Eventually this situation will be re­ planned to place workers from that fac­ for all kinds of wire products. Material medied, partly at least, by expansion tory in the Seattle plant. Present em­ like baling wire and strip is unobtain­ plans of U. S. Steel and Bethlehem. ployment at the Seattle plant is 7906, able and farmers will be hard put in However, it will be many months be­ at Renton 1864. the harvesting season to find those items. fore new plants can be constructed. Washington state officials report cur­ Pipe is equally scarce. Meantime, unless the eastern indepen­ rent employment levels are 137.83 per Many fabricators of equipment like dents resume shipments to the Coast, cent higher than the January-February stoves now are facing the prospect of the shortage is likely to become more levels of 1939 in manufacturing, serv­ shutting down within a short time un­ acute. There is no immediate prospect ice trades and wholesale and retail trades less the supply is increased. Unofficial that shipments will increase. The coal in this state. Highest wartime employ­ reports are frequent these days concern­ strike has piled up unfilled orders even ment was in June, 1945, with 189.67 ing plans of companies to move away higher than during the steel strike, and per cent of the 1939 figure, declining from the West Coast unless adequate with a continuing heavy demand for to 136.10 per cent late last year. materials are assured. The construction steel in the East it is unlikely that east­ industry, which has been counted on as ern mills will divert material to the Los Angeles Group Asks a major prop to re-employment in the West. transition period, is suffering increas­ Aid in Obtaining Steel ingly from the shortage of nails, hard­ Maritime Commission ware and other building items. LOS ANCELES Takes Over Marinship Southern California users of sheet 6teel Steel Empire Fails To Materialize are facing an industrial crisis because The U. S. Maritime Commission on of inability to obtain supplies. Many fabricators and warehousemen May 17, will take over the $17 million In an effort to remedy this condition, place the blame for this situation on shipbuilding yards of Marinship Corp. leading industrialists there last week over-optimistic predictions of what pop­ on San Francisco bay. The commission joined in a special plea presented to ular economic columnists have labeled plans to use the yard for maintenance John Small, Civilian Production Adminis­ “the West’s great new postwar steel and surplus property declarations. The trator, by members of a special steel empire.” Throughout the war, and dur­ U. S. Engineers also is expected to occupy committee working through the Los ing the time the Geneva and Fontana parts of the plant as a depot for Pacific- Angeles Chamber of Commerce industry plants were being constructed, discus­ bound supplies and headquarters for department. sions of the West Coast’s steel prospects Pacific construction activities. Contained in the statement sent Mr. at times exceeded the most fantastic pro­ mall is an excerpt from testimony given paganda campaign. Dobeckmun Co. To Build y K. T. Norris, president of Norris Those rosy utterances have back­ Plant at Berkeley, Calif. tamping & Mfg. Co., before the Senate fired in this manner: Independent steel mall Business Committee. producers in the East who accepted the Dobeckmun Co., Cleveland, has an­ Moreover, the analysis points out that predictions at face value came to the nounced construction of a new plant a sh western demand for steel has conclusion that their share of the Coast in Berkeley, Calif. CPA approval for the lumped from a prewar 427,000 tons a market would dwindle in postwar project has been received. The new i.car to 770,000 tons at present, alloca- They calculated that extra expense of factory will cost $525,000, including ■ons are being made largely on a basis shipping steel to the Coast, plus the purchase of 50,000 square feet of real of Prewar distribution. cost in time, effort and money of build­ estate.

May 13, 1946 81 in charge of methods and processes, Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp., Bracken- ridge, Pa. Melvin C. Harris was elected vice president in charge of production. Other new vice presidents are E. J. Hanley, finance, and Clark W. King. Mr. Hanley continues also as secretary and treasurer. Remaining officers of the A. C. Wimmer, treasurer, Oil Well Sanitary Corp., Pittsburgh, has been company were re-elected. Supply Co., Dallas, Tex., a United States elected president succeeding Henry M. Steel Corp. subsidiary, has resigned fol­ Reed who has served since 1938 as H. W. Poole has been appointed en­ lowing 30 years’ association with the both president and chairman of the gineer, Steel Mill Division, and C. M. company. He is succeeded by G. F. board. Mr. Reed continues as board Rhoades Jr., engineer, Machinery Divi­ Coetzinger, assistant treasurer and gen­ chairman. Henry M. Reed Jr. has been sion, General Electric Co., Schenectady, eral credit manager since April, 1944. elected vice president, general manager N. Y. Since January, 1946, Mr. Poole of manufacturing, Mr. Mueller’s previous has served as engineer-in-charge, Ma­ position. Mr. Mueller became associ­ chinery Division. D. A. Rhoades is vice president and ated with the company in 1904. He is general manager, Aluminum Division, a director, and member of the execu­ R. M. Wilson Jr. has joined the techni­ Permanente Metals Corp., Oakland, tive and finance committees. The young­ cal service section, Development & Re­ Calif. Mr. Rhoades has been associated er Mr. Reed, who joined the company search Division, International Nickel Co. with Kaiser organizations since 1927 in 1926, has served as manager of its Inc., New York, as a welding engineer. when he was graduated from the Uni­ Louisville works since 1928. He formerly held a similar position at versity of California. Norman L. Krey the Bloomfield, N. J., works of the Gen­ is works manager of the Mead aluminum V. W. Moody Jr. has been named as­ eral Electric Co. reduction plant, and John R. Meek is sistant to G. S. Nagle, assistant vice presi­ works manager for tire Trentwood roll­ dent in charge of manufacturing, Foil ing mill, both plants being located in Arthur A. Cambria, chief engineer Division, Reynolds Metals Co., which di­ Spokane, Wash. with the Lapointe Machine Tool Co., vision has headquarters in Richmond, Hudson, Mass., for the past eight years, Va. has been appointed New England dis­ Ferdinand W. Roebling HI has been trict manager, U. S. Broach Co., Detroit, appointed vice president in charge of Charles L. Heater has been elected a and he will have offices at Shrewsbury, engineering, John A. Roebling’s Sons Co., member of the board of directors, Gen- Mass. Trenton, N. J. He succeeds Charles M. ral Steel Castings Corp., Eddystone, Pa., Jones who has become vice president in Einar G. Hallquist, for many years head Carl de Laval has been appointed sales charge of public and industrial relations. of the corporation’s engineering depart­ representative with offices in the Oliver Both are members of the company’s ment, has been elected vice president in Building, Pittsburgh, for the Chester board of directors, Mr. Roebling be­ charge of the Commonwealth plant, Electric Steel Co., Chester, Pa. came a member of the company’s engi­ Granite City, 111. Karl S. Howard was neering staff following graduation from elected vice president and will continue Carl A. Ten Hoopcn, for 12 years sales Princeton University in 1933 and recent­ in charge of general mechanical and gen­ manager in the Central District, Cyclone ly returned from five years’ service with eral purchasing. Fence Division, American Steel & Wire the Army. Mr. Jones has been associated Co., has been appointed eastern district with the company since 1926. Frank B. Lounsberry, who has held sales manager with headquarters in New­ the position of vice president in charge ark, N. J. He succeeds S. W. Burr, who Theodore E. Mueller, formerly vice of manufacturing, an office which has will handle special sales assignments for president, general manager of manufac­ been discontinued, has been named to the company. Thomas S. Humrickhouse, turing, American Radiator & Standard the newly-created post of vice president formerly assistant district manager at

THEODORE E. MUELLER FRANK B. LOUNSBERRY MELVIN C. HARRIS

82 /TEEL PRESCRIPTION Before raw materials go into the open- Data and instructions on this in­ hearth furnaces, all mill-orders for dividual routing card represent the Armco’s mill supervisors call this pre­ Armco sheet steels are given a com­ composite judgment of your engineers, scription “Q.C.” — Quality Control. plete Q.C.— (Quality Control) analy­ and our metallurgists, chemists and It all adds up to this: You get the sis. The steel must be right, physically operating men. It is the result of infor­ one right steel for the products you and otherwise. mation you give our sales and mill make— and those who buy your prod­ ^'hat kind of steel is needed? How representatives, and the blueprints you ucts or equipment get full material rouch annealing? What special draw­ supply; of experience with previous value from their purchase. ing or welding qualities does it need orders or similar applications. This is why Armco is the leading for the customer’s requirements? producer of special-purpose sheet These and other questions are steels. Research, experience, advanced studied in the Armco laboratories. methods all contribute to “Quality Answers are recorded on a routing Control” at our end and better quality card that accompanies your order of at yours. The American Rolling Mill Armco steel all the way— from open- Co., 2611 Curtis St., Middletown, 0.

hearth furnace to shipping platform. Export: The Armco International Corporation

the AMERICAN ROLLING MILL COMPANY

May 13, 1946 83 MEN of INDUSTRY

Dr. Robert V. Yohc, who since January, 1945, has been vice president of the company.

Dr. Ovid W. Eshbach, dean, North­ western Technological Institute, has been chosen by the Western Society of Engi­ neers, Chicago, to receive its Octave Chanute medal for 1945.

Vernon L . Beery has joined Consoli­ dated Industries Inc., Lafayette, Ind., and will be in charge of field service and installation in its Stoker Division.

L. B. Flaws has been appointed sales ' manager, Systems Products Division, L. M. ALEXANDER JOSEPH G. PAULE Diebold Inc., Canton, O.

Newark, has been named to succeed Mr. elected vice president and director, with J. E. Hansen, director of service, Ferro Ten Iloopen as manager at Cleveland. headquarters in Chicago. Sidney Keltcr Enamel Corp., Cleveland, recently was Also announced is the establishment of is appointed manager for the St. Louis elected president, American Ceramic a sales district for Michigan with head­ region and Frank J. Sheldon has been Society. quarters in Detroit. E. B. Wilhelm has elected assistant treasurer and comptrol­ been named manager of that office. ler with headquarters in Chicago. Walter E. Thompson has been named sales representative in the state of Ala­ L. M. Alexander recendy was pro­ Joseph G. Paule, secretary - treasurer bama for the Standard Transformer Co., moted to manager of sales, Bolt & Nut since 1937, Wilson Foundry & Machine Warren, O. He will have offices in the Division, Sheffield Steel Corp., Kansas Co., Pontiac, Mich., also has been elected Martin Building, Birmingham. City, Mo. Mr. Alexander has been as­ to its board of directors. sociated with the company 21 years. Dur­ Charles U. S. Grant has been ap­ ing the recent war, he was in charge of Lincoln Electric Co., Cleveland, has pointed by Foote Bros. Gear & Machine alloy and ammunition sales and produc­ added the following representatives to its Corp., Chicago, to serve as sales en­ tion for the firm. He returned to bolt staff: John F. McFecters, welding engi­ gineer with the company’s Cleveland and nut sales as supervisor at the end neer assigned to the Kansas City, Mo., office. of the war, the position he held prior to office; Hubert G. Hinkle, welding engi­ his recent promotion. neer, Columbus, O., area; K. S. Lamb, R. W. Stueve has been named general welding engineer, New York; and supervisor of labor relations, American W. A. Maier has been appointed di­ Thomas W. Day, welding engineer, St. Car & Foundry Co., New York. The rector of purchases, M. A. Hanna Co., Louis. company also announces that J. W. Pat­ Cleveland. Morris A. Bradley, who is ton, has been named supervisor of the on terminal leave as a major in the Army L. K. Burwell has been named treasur­ newly established sleeping car section Air Corps, has been assigned to the post er and general manager, Eastern Ma­ of the Engineering Division. Mr. Pat­ of assistant director of purchases. John chine Screw Corp., New Haven, Conn., ton is assisted by D. R. Nichols, W. T. Fielding Jr. has been named co-ordinator succeeding tiro late Thomas W. Ryley Griffin and E. E. Hansen. of purchases for die Hanna Coal Co., who had been treasurer since 1921. John Cleveland, subsidiary of the M. A. Hanna Rogers'has been appointed assistant treas­ Walter J. Dreves has been appointed Co. urer and purchasing agent, Thomas W. director of finance and controller, Inter­ Higgins, secretary, and Elizabeth J. Far­ national Plastic Corp., Morristown, N. J-. William A. Schcuch, vice president, rell, assistant secretary. and Thomas Plummer has been named Nassau Smeldng & Refining Co., Totten- production manager. ville, Staten Island, N. Y., has been Walter Schuknecht, associated with elected president succeeding Frederic W. the Eastman Mfg. Co., Manitowoc, Wis., Fred Albrecht, secretary-treasurer, Willard, retired. George J. Boileau, since 1930, recently was elected presi­ Lodge & Shipley Machine Tool Co., Cin­ treasurer, was elected vice president and dent of the company to succeed the cinnati, has retired, and J- Herbert succeeds Mr. Willard on the board of late J. Peter Eastman, founder. Mr. Myers, sales manager, has been nam ed directors. E. F. Baxter has been elected Schuknecht has served for the past sev­ to Mr. Albrecht’s place on the board o treasurer and E. F. Stoker, assistant eral years as vice president. Also elec­ directors and also has been elected sec­ treasurer. Mr. Scheuch joined the Bell ted were: George N. Jagemann, vice retary. Harry J. Buettinger, with the System, of which the Nassau company president, formerly general manager; M. company 20 years, has been chosen treas­ is a part, in 1916, and has been with W. Brose, elected secretary and treasurer. urer. Fred Schoeffler and Louis L- Nassau Smelting since 1931, serving as Weber have been re-elected vice pros' vice president and director since 1939. Burton F. Stauffer, in the rubber in­ dents. dustry since 1893, has retired as presi­ Rodney Pennoycr, who has been in dent and general manager, American Norman R. Ekholm has been appoint­ charge of the equipment department, Anode Inc., Akron, an affiliate of the ed abrasive engineer for the Pacific No Hvman-Michaels Co., Chicago, has been B. F. Goodrich Co. He is succeeded by west by Norton Co., Worcester, Mass-

84 /TEE*- HIS STATEMENTS ARE RELIABLE

T h e Industrial Development Department of Alabama Power Company is staffed w ith a group of specialists enthusiastic about Alabama as a location for industry. Their enthusiasm stems from the fact that in past years many industries have found in Alabama the combination of climate, raw materials, workmen, transporta­ tion, market possibilities and laws not unfavorable to business.

However, they do not permit their enthusiasm to cause them to make statements which could be misleading. Their statements are based on special economic studies of an area as related to the individual industry considering locating there. If the requirements of the industry cannot be met they will state so frankly and en­ deavor to suggest an alternate.

Currently the interest displayed in Alabama as an industrial location makes it impossible for them to complete, as promptly as they would like to, economic reports for specific organizations. However, if you are contemplating the establishment of a plant in the South they would be pleased to have your inquiry and will be­ gin the compilation of facts from which you can make a decision. They will undertake this independently but can, of course, prepare a more helpful report if they work in collaboration with your rep­ resentatives.

Industrial Development Department ALABAMA POWER COMPANY

BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA

13, 1946 85 MEN of INDUSTRY

Mr. Ekliolm recently returned from operations for various arsenals and com­ Detroit, has announced the establishment more than three years’ service in the panies producing artillery weapons. Also, of the Godfrey Tool & Supply Co., Inc., armed forces, and he replaces J. E. for the past eight years, Mr. Macomber with offices at 10012 Carnegie Ave., Strachan, who takes over sales engi­ has lectured on broaching for the La­ Cleveland. The company, specializing neering work in the company’s Worces­ pointe company. in industrial cutting tools, has been ter olfice. In addition, Fred H. Paulson named Cleveland distributor for National and Curtis H. Weissingcr have been ap­ Frederick D. Gearhart Jr. has been Twist Drill & Tool Co., L. S. Starrett pointed sales engineers in the company’s elected a director, Higgins Inc., New Co., Jacobs Mfg. Co., Precision Grinding Refractories Division and will have their Orleans. He is president, Kobbe, Gear­ Wheel Co., and Nicholson File Co. Mr. headquarters at the Worcester office. C. hart & Co., New York, an investment Godfrey, president of the new organi­ Lawton Rucker has been appointed resi­ banking house. zation, at one time was assistant general dent manager of the company’s plant at — o — manager, Carbide Division, Firth-Sterling Bauxite, Ark., replacing J. Felton Gib­ Harold L. Aldrich has been appoint­ Steel Corp., and served for two years bons, who is retiring after 33 years' serv­ ed district representative in the New as production co-ordinator, Cleveland ice at the Bauxite plant, first as mine York office for the chemical department, Ordnance district. superintendent and later as resident man­ General Electric Co. Mr. Aldrich, re­ ager. He will continue to serve in an cently discharged from the Navy fol­ Charles H. Colvin, New York, has advisory capacity. lowing four years’ service, previously been elected to the board of directors, had been associated with the United Kidde Mfg. Co. Inc., and Bloomfield Britt M. Smith and Richard E. Smith Color & Pigment Co., a division of In­ Tool Corp., both of Bloomfield, N. J. have opened offices in the Concord terchemical Corp., Newark, N. J. He succeeds Clayton Freeman who has Bldg., Portland, Oreg., as engineering resigned due to ill health, Mr. Colvin consultants specializing in machine de­ Walter R. Fidclius has been appoint­ is an engineering and administrative signing. ed assistant chief engineer, Optimus consultant to the United States Navy, Equipment Co., Matawan, N. J. In his Bureau of Aeronautics. Charles I. Kraus has been appointed new position he will supervise design, sales manager, Alemite Distribution Di­ construction and service. Mr. Fidelius Andrew A. Engelhardt, who returned vision, Stewart-Wamer Corp., Chicago. formerly was with Fitzgibbons Boiler recently from service with the Army, not Gustave Treffeiscn has been named as­ Co. Inc., Oswego, N. Y. only has resumed his association with sistant sales manager. C. PI. Martin, Chicago, who represents Scott E. Collins has been appointed Holcroft & Co., and Eclipse Fuel Engi­ Daniel Beisingcr has been named man­ zone sales manager in charge of the new­ neering Co., but he also has been elect­ ager, Saw Division, R. Hoe & Co. Inc., ly opened Cleveland office of the Gen­ ed secretary-treasurer of the Chicago New York, succeeding Edward Foster, eral Detroit Corp., and General Pacific chapter, American Society for Metals, a who retired recently upon completion Corp., Detroit, manufacturers of fire ex­ post he resigned upon entering the serv­ of 50 years’ service with the company. tinguishers, motorized fire apparatus and ice in 1942. allied equipment. Mr. Collins, with Robert S. Sagers has been appointed the General Detroit company four years, John M. Stadter, formerly general pur­ eastern sales representative, Bunell Ma­ previously was associated with Frue- chasing agent, Glidden Co., Cleveland, chine & Tool Co., Cleveland, and will hauf Trailer Co. has been promoted to assistant general have Philadelphia as his headquarters. sales manager, Chemical & Pigment Ilarvcy C. Knowles, a director and Division; Clark Maxson, formerly assist­ Kenneth N. Macomber has been pro­ vice president, Procter & Gamble Co., ant general purchasing agent, has been moted to chief engineer from chief ser­ Cincinnati, has been elected a director, named to succeed Mr. Stadter, and C. P. vice engineer, Lapointe Machine Tool Amarican Rolling Mill Co., Middle­ Engelsman has been appointed sales Co., Hudson, Mass. A graduate of town, O. manager of the Chemical & Pigment Northeastern University, Mr. Macomber Division at Oakland, Calif. had charge of setting up and testing A. H. Godfrey, formerly division man­ breech ring and breech block broaching ager and plant manager, Carboloy Co., F. H. Bigelow has been named man­ ager of the Atlanta office, Ilg Electric Ventilating Co., Chicago. Replacing Mr- Bigelow as manager of the Memphis, Tenn., office is H. H. Wilson, recently released from the Navy- E. Lloyd Wid- ner re-opens the company’s office m Knoxville, Tenn. Henry M. Lutes has been appointed manager of the Louis­ ville office.

B. H. McGill, assistant controller, Bry­ ant Heater Co., Cleveland, recently was named office manager of the company s office in Tyler, Tex.

Tom J. Peters has been a p p o in te d division superintendent of maintenance at the South Chicago, 111-, plant of t e KENNETH N. MACOMBER A. H. GODFREY Camegie-Ulinois Steel Corp. Mr. Peters

86 /TEEL MEN of INDUSTRY

MARVIN A. HEIDT HENRY W. DODGE GRAYDON MEGAN

Who is vice president in charge of industrial Who recently was elected chairman, Air Prod­ Who has been elected secretary, Inland Steel relations, Bendix Aviation Corp., Detroit, noted ucts Inc., New York, noted in STEEL, April 15 Co., Chicago, and noted in STEEL, May 6 in STEEL, May 6, p. 128. issue, p. 92. issue, p. 129. formerly was assistant to the general Ball & Bearing Co., Ann Arbor, Mich., sop, E. W. Mudge, E. F. Reed, M. W. superintendent, and he succeeds John S. and since September, 1945, engineer for Sales and J. H. Thompson. Mr. Falk Townsend, resigned. Precision Parts Co., Ann Arbor, now is fills the vacancy on the company’s board — o— standards engineer, Fafnir Bearing Co., created by the death of his uncle, the Roy A. Egelhoff has been appointed New Britain, Conn., where he will have late Maurice Falk. sales representative, Titan Metal Mfg. charge of co-ordinating engineering Co., Bellefonte, Pa. Mr. Egelhoff will standards. V. C. Knight has been elected vice represent the company in Iowa, Kansas, president in charge of operations, Mc­ Missouri, southern Illinois and south­ Directors elected at the annual meet­ Cray Refrigerator Co., Kendallville, Ind. western Indiana, with offices in St. Louis. ing of the National Steel Corp., Pitts­ He first became associated with the com­ — o— burgh, are: E. T. Weir, chairman, F. W. pany in 1925. Since January, 1941, Mr. Hudson T. Morton, for 21 years chief Blair, Leon Falk Jr., G. R. Fink, G. M. Knight has been serving as chief engi­ metallurgist and sales engineer, Hoover Humphrey, R. L. Ireland Jr., T. E. Mill- neer.

OBITUARIES... at the company’s factory hospital Apr. 1921, was elected treasurer later that 29. Mr. Merritt, a graduate of Yale year and also served as secretary from John J. Prindivillc, 75, president and University, joined White Motor in 1922 1936 to 1942. He was a director of treasurer since 1914, Lapointe Machine and was made assistant treasurer in 1929. the corporation and also acted as pur­ Tool Co., Hudson, Mass., and president, chasing agent. International Engineering Works, Fram­ Walter Nuttall, 63, general purchas­ ingham, Mass., died in Boston, Apr. 30. ing agent, Blaw-Knox Co., Pittsburgh, Robert E. Wcnner, 64, tool and die died May 3. He had been with the engineer, Jack & Heintz Precision In­ George S. Hayes, 81, purchasing company for 26 years and previously had dustries Inc., Bedford, O., died May 1 agent, Okonite Co., New York and Pas- been associated with other steel com­ in Cleveland. saie, N. J., died May 3 at Upper Mont­ panies. clair, N. J. John J. Howe, 79, who in 1907 direct! Charles R. Ferguson, 66, chairman ed the building of the first steel mill H. Grant Leonard, eastern district of the board, Pittsburgh Screw & Bolt in the Netherlands, .died May 3 in Cum­ manager, A. Leschen & Sons Rope Co., Corp., Pittsburgh, died recently. Join­ berland, Md. Mr. Howe retired in 1943 St. Louis, died recently, ing the company in 1899, Mr. Ferguson as rail designer for the Baltimore & became president in 1921, and was Ohio Railroad in that- city. Edson R. Norris, 74, assistant to the made chairman of the board in 1940. vice president, Westinghouse Electric C°rp., Pittsburgh, until his retirement in Harry Erickson, 55, production man­ George P. Tweed, 75, pioneer in the 1938, died recently in that city. ager for 25 years at the Milwaukee development . of the iron ore resources plant, International Harvester Co., died of Minnesota and Michigan, died recent­ Maurice Stemlicht, 52, Buffalo, dis­ recently in that city. He was with the ly at his home in Duluth. In partner­ trict representative, Federal Enameling company for 35 years. ship with the late Albert Coates, he be­ & Stamping Co., Pittsburgh, died Apr. gan development of iron ore resources 30 in Rochester, N. Y. Thomas W. Ryley, treasurer, East­ about 1900. Mr. Tweed was a mem­ ern Machine Screw Corp., New Haven, ber of the American Iron & Steel In­ William F. Merritt, 48, assistant treas­ Conn., died recently in West Haven, stitute and the American Institute of urer, White Motor Co., Cleveland, died Conn. He joined the corporation in Mining & Metallurgical Engineers.

May 13, 1946 87 By H. G. W ILLIA M S Chief Metallurgist Instrument Specialties Co. Inc. Little Falls, N. J.

WITH engineering study Wide utilization of alloy due to its nonmag­ and extensive use the true netism, corrosion resistance and high elec­ picture of beryllium copper trical conductivity. These characteristics, makes for high transparency to x-rays, and its relatively high melting point of 1250° is now beginning to emerge, coupled with formability in solution-annealed is an added advantage. Some beryllium was used in the atomic bomb research and and the alloy is finding its state, high tensile strength, hardness and production but the extent of its use is yet to be revealed. rightful place in industry. g o o d w ear resistance, insure a wide range More than 90 per cent of all beryllium produced goes into beryllium copper master Although many first claims of performance alloy which is made by reducing the beryllium oxide with carbon in the presence were exaggerated, the actual of copper powder in an electric arc furnace. Tlus master alloy contains about 4 per properties of beryllium cop­ cent beryllium and is subsequently remelted with additional pure copper to pro­ per offer such an unusual combination of characteristics of copper and steel that the duce the 2 per cent beryllium copper alloy so widely used for springs and precision term "wonder metal" applied at the time of the discovery of this combination may castings. Production of master alloy for 1945 was estimated to be about 10,000,000 lb. not have been such a misnomer after all. What are the propetries that have led to such wide utilization of beryllium cop­ Pure beryllium metal is still rather expensive, costing in its pure form about $4o per? Mainly it has been the unusual combination of what we may designate as cop­ per lb, and as beryllium copper master alloy $15 per lb. However, since only 2 per per and steel properties. Beryllium copper is nonmagnetic, has the corrosion resist­ cent of beryllium is needed to give copper valuable age hardening properties, this ance of pure copper, and high electrical conductivity. It can be readily formed in high cost of the alloying element has not hindered a wide use of the alloy especially its soft ductile solution-annealed state and then hardened by heat-treatment to high in light parts where metal cost is a small element in the cost of the finished component. strength (200,000 psi), high hardness and wear resistance, and to a fatigue resistance The reason for the high cost of beryllium lies mainly in the difficulty of extracting which is considerably higher than that obtained with other copper base alloys. it from the ore, and is not due to its scarcity as many commonly suppose. Beryl is The hardening heat treatment can be carried out at temperatures high enough rather widely found about the earth, being between tin and arsenic in its distribution to thoroughly stress relieve the formed parts. This results in a hardened part free in the earth’s crust. It is seldom mined by itself but is produced as a by-produc to of internal stress and much more stable under load than those materials gaining their other mining ventures, mainly mica, lithium, and feldspar. It is found m the United hardness from cold working. States and Canada, but the main commercial source of supply is Brazil and Argentina. Phis same ability to harden at stress relieving temperatures gives us a new It is not unusual to handle 100 tons of rock to obtain W ton of beryl which then manufacturing process, heat treat forming, wherein the strip or wire is held in a fix­ contains only about 5 per cent beryllium. ture during heat treatment. The stress relief gained is ample to give very close con- Beryl is a beryllium aluminum silicate, and the separation of beryllium from i - ormity to the shape of the fixture, making possible the production of stampings and ore has been called one of the most difficult problems assigned to chemists. Une coiled parts to closer dimensional tolerances than attainable from mechanical form- commercial process calls for sintering the ore, crushing the sinter, treating the sin mg alone and without the latter s attendant problem of spring back variation. with sulphuric acid, separating the beryllium and aluminum sulphates, and then It is interesting to note that this development came out of one of the supposed ing the beryllium sulphate to form beryllium oxide. If pure beryllium is needed, disadvantages of beryllium copper, its tendency to warp during heat treating. This oxide is converted to beryllium chloride or beryllium fluoride and then the me so-called disadvantage first led to the use of retaining fixtures to prevent warping, produced by electrolysis of the fused salts. Commercial use of pure beryllium i^ an * en finally to the deliberate use of fixtures to gain greater accuracy of form than been rather limited, some being used as windows for x-ray tubes where its low densi. Previously believed possible in punch press or coil spring, parts. Warping is really

Boundary precipitate in beryllium copper sheet which lowers harden- Fig. 1—Segregated cast structure in beryllium copper ingot caused by slow 1 V. This material shows lowered elastic limit, high drift and warps exces­ solidification of melt. This results in low “available” beryllium and reduces sively when heat treated hardening response sheet^ ^ f Cewlue Brain size caused by batch annealing of beryllium copper Fig. 2—Beta stringer remaining in rolled beryllium copper sheet resulting re ting in low strength and excessive warping during heat treatment from segregation in ingot. Hard, brittle stringer reduces formability and con­ tributes to low endurance life eUtf rUCtUTe in beryllium copper wire due to inadequate solution ra furnace. This results in incomplete solution and lowers Fig. 3—Fine cost structure from controlled conditions will allow full solution beryllium available for hardening of beryllium in copper available ben']]6 ^rcpcrly strand annealed beryllium copper wire, with full Fig. 4— Structure of rolled sheet free of excessive beta phase as produced from v e r fJ content> and complete control over grain size. Peak spring fine cast structure shown in Fig. 3 niance requires raw material meeting these specifications not the correct term to use in considering the change in shape of beryllium copper parts during heat treatment, as warping is usually thought of as an irregular, unpre­ dictable distortion. The change in shape of beryllium copper during heat-treatment is of a reguiar nature, and its direction and degree can be predicted. It is a func­ tion of the phase change which takes place when beryllium copper is hardened and bears a direct relation to the amount of hardening the piece receives. When conventional materials are wound about a man­ drel or bent at an angle, subsequent heating causes a re­ laxation with the formed part unwinding or moving back toward its position before forming. Beryllium copper formed parts when heat treated wind up, moving in the direction of the forming. Some processors attempt to con­ trol this wind-up or movement by reducing the time or temperature of heat treating. Since the wind-up is pro­ portional to the amount of hardening the piece under­ goes, this is only successful to the extent that the user is willing to sacrifice full hardening of the beryllium cop­ per. Carried to its logical extreme this could only result in giving no heal treatment at all thereby preventing all wind-up but resulting in properties not worth the added cost of using beryllium copper. Instead the parts should be properly hardened for the physical characteristics de­ sired, and the wind-up controlled through fixtures or other suitable means. To take full advantage of what beryllium copper has to offer the potential user, requires metallurgical knowl­ edge of the alloy. The compositions most widely used come within the ASTM B-120 specification which calls for 1.90 to 2.20 per cent beryllium, 0.5 per cent (maxi­ mum) nickel or cobalt added as a grain refining element, 0.5 per cent (maximum) total impurities, and the balance copper. Copper will dissolve about 2 per cent beryllium at 1475° F and when rapidly quenched from that tempera­ ture retains the 2 per cent beryllium in a supersaturated solid solution designated the alpha phase. Any beryllium which does not dissolve in the copper either due to an excess being present or due to faulty mill practice forms a beryllium copper compound containing approximately 6 per cent beryllium, which is dispersed throughout the cross section as beta phase. Beryllium copper is an­ nealed by giving it the solution heat-treatment of 1475° F followed by a rapid quench. It cannot simply be heated to anneal it, since that would precipitate the beryllium out of solution, and the material could not be subsequent­ ly hardened. After the solution anneal, it is soft and ductile and

Fig. 9—High abrasion resistance, accuracy of form and non-magnetic properties make beryllium copper an e> cellent material for solenoid guides

Fig. 10—Precision coil springs of this alloy are produced to close load test to offer great stability

Fig. 11— Typical diaphragms, in addition to high strength and low hysteresis, have advantage of being produceable while dead soft and gaining hardness from heat treatment

12—Radar parts of beryllium copper shaped by heat treat forming gives high accuracy at low costs may be further drawn, rolled, or fabricated into parts. It is hardened by heating it in the temperature ranges of PROPERTY CHANGES OF Yl HARO BERYLLIUM 550 to 700° F. At this temperature only about 0.25 per COPPER DURING HEAT TREATMENT AT 6 6 0 °F cent beryllium is soluble in the copper, and the balance precipitating out of solution forming a gamma phase which gives the beryllium copper its desirable properties. Recent work with the electron microscope indicates that the hardness does not arise out of an actual precipitation, but only of an atomic rearrangement preparatory to pre­ cipitation. The degree of hardening attained during this precipitation heat treatment depends upon the time and temperature of the heat treatment and upon the amount of beryllium available for hardening. A good deal of the early variation in hardness response was due to the lack of understanding of the importance of considering the “available” beryllium, rather than the beryllium content shown by chemical analysis. Only the beryllium which is in solution in the alpha phase enters into the hardening reaction, and the amount of hardening obtained depends upon this percentage of available beryllium. The rate at which the beryllium copper hardens when heat treated also is affected by the amount of available beryllium, which explains why two lots of metal chemically of the same composition can re­ quire different heat treatments. One lot may have all of the beryllium in solution and available while the other may have only 1.5 per cent beryllium available. Any portion present in the form of beta phase does not enter into the hardening reaction and the lot will, therefore, respond much slower to the hardening heat treatment. The best measure of the amount of available beryllium is the hardenability of the alloy as measured by a heat treat response curve. Such a curve will show directly how much beryllium is available, and will also point out Fig. 13—Effect of heat treatment on properties of half- the necessary time at a given temperature to attain the hard beryllium copper full hardening response. The cause of low amount of beryllium entering the hardening reaction can be best understood by referring if excess beryllium is used. Then the alpha phase will to the process of manufacture with the help of some mi­ have its full 2 per cent available beryllium, and the excess crographs of the structure. The first source of possible above that will be present as beta phase. A structure en­ loss of this beryllium is segregation in casting due to tirely free of beta phase is not necessarily desirable, since slow solidification of the melt in the mold as illustrated this can result from insufficient beryllium content. m Tig. 1. The heavy beta formed is not readily broken Another source of low available beryllium is shown in up and returned to solution during the subsequent hot Fig. 5, which illustrates a boundary precipitation vari­ working of the alloy, and Fig. 2 shows a typical result­ ously designated as grain boundary gamma or decom­ ing structure. posed beta. Its exact composition is unknown. It is The beta stringer present in this structure ties up ap­ due to faulty mill practice in the casting or hot working proximately 6 per cent beryllium thus preventing it from stages, and always shows poor hardening response. Tests entering into the hardening reaction. The fact that it is made with a micro hardness tester show it to be softer a hard and brittle phase also contributes to difficulty in than the face of the grain, and springs made with metal nning, and in springs subjected to endurance stresses having this structure show evidence of low elastic limit acts as an internal stress raiser contributing to poor en- and high rate of drift. urance life. Beryllium copper with excess of beta phase After the alloy has been cast and hot worked, the final as a hardening response which is characteristic of a low processing is carried out by cold working, using the so­ cryllium content. With the casting temperature and lution heat treatment at 1400 to 1475° F followed by rap­ rate of pouring properly controlled, a suitable cast struc­ id quench as a process anneal. Failure to properly control ture such as shown in Fig. 3 can be obtained which will the process anneal is a frequent source of low available work down to give a final structure as shown in Fig. 4 beryllium and variation in the rate of hardness response. w ich possesses good response to heat treatment. Batch annealing often gives variable results due to un­ J is not advisable to attempt to predict the proper even temperature and uneven quench throughout the Pe ormance of the material by micro-structure alone but batch. Excessive grain growth as shown in Fig. 6 is n y in conjunction with hardness response curves. For typical of this method of processing. Such material has example, it is posrible to obtain a structure such as poor forming and drawing properties and often shows dis- own in Fig. 2 and still have a good hardening response ( Please turn to Page 142)

May 13, 1946 91 PnO D l/CT/O N METAŁUZ/NG

St. Louis company makes effective use of heavy duty metal spraying gun on pump plungers and tank interiors. Performance METALLIZING on a production basis lias been a and preparation, mean diameter of the plungers was 5% in continuous operations distinguished by greater volume of steady development, much stimulated by war demands, in, Diameters were built up to more than 5%-in. with and need for a high-speed heavy duty tool for continu­ a total of 35 lb of metal per plunger. Average metal deposited and reduced consumption of gases ous spraying with a minimum of manual attention has time for depositing the 35 lb of metal on the 62 plungers been increasingly apparent. was 1.82 hours each. Average volume of oxygen and The spraying of heavier weights of metal, with reduced acetylene consumed per pound of metal sprayed was fuel gas costs per hour, was the general acknowledged found to be substantially less than with former equip­ aim of many users of the process when Metallizing En­ ment. gineering Co. Inc., Long Island City, N. Y., developed This volume of sprayed metal was attained with Vs-in. its type Y gun to make possible use of 3/16-in. diameter wire, although the gun is designed to take up to 3/16-in. wire. Heretofore, with manually operated guns, 1/8-in. because of a large inventory of this size. Smaller wire wire had been the heaviest size practicable. naturally reduced somewhat the hourly spraying capacity, By L. E. BROWNE One of the first of the Metco guns to embody the new but a scarcity of 3/16-in. wire at the time also acted as Associate Editor, STEEL engineering changes and design was delivered to tin a deterrent to its use, a difficulty since overcome by John Nooter Boiler Works Co. of St. Louis, for testing larger production of this size and resultant large stocks. on practical assignments. This took place a few months Metallizing the interior of a tank car with zinc, likewise before the tool was available for general distribution. (Please turn to Page 148) Since that time the gun has been almost constantly in operation for several months at the Nooter plant where metallizing is employed for lining various types of ves­ sels and rebuilding worn machine parts. Wen balanced against performance of former instal­ lations, designed both for hand operation and at times rigged in pairs or groups for production, the gun under test at Nooters cut gas and wire consumption materially. One outstanding job was the metallizing of 62 cast non pump plungers, 5%-in. diameter by 40 in. long, used on an oil pump line. These plungers, shown in Fig. 1, are built up approximately 0.080-in. on the radius, with a high-chromium high-carbon steel. After undercutting

^8* 1 High-speed metallizing at John Hooter Boiler Works as shown involves deposition of 35 lb of high-chromium high-carbon steel on this cast iron pump plunger in less than 2 hours, using Vs-ln. wire and a Metco type Y gun

Big. 2 Full length cutaway section of the Metco production metallizing gun for which automatic setups and use of i's-ln. wire make possible increased de­ posits of metal with minimum manual operation

F|g. 3—Closeup of gun at work

PRODUCTION DATA

Average Equip. %" Dia. Wire Average Oxygen Average Acetylene 15# Acetylene Press, % Increase in Consumption Consumption Pounds Sprayed per Hour Spraying Speed per Pound Sprayed per Pound Sprayed ...... 9#/hr. 122% 4.7 cu. ft. 1.4 cu. ft...... 14#/hr. 107% 3.0 1.2 ...... 16#/hr. 125% 2.4 1.0 hr...... 9*/hr. 133% 4.0 1.4 5 5 */h r ...... 27#/hr. 104% 1.4 .62 1 6 # /b r...... 7#/hr. 128% 4.7 1.9

/TE E «- May 13, 1946 91 WHEN impact resistance — not to be insufficient to seriously reduce corrosion resistance— is a major con­ the impact strength, even at extremely sideration, an unstabilized, very low- low temperatures. The susceptibility carbon, stainless steel will, in most of the metal to further reduction of cases, serve adequately. The excel­ impact strength as a result of any lent impact resistance at low tem­ intergranular corrosion which may peratures of austenitic steels of the occur is, however, a matter of concern. 18-8 type, ideally conditioned, is well However, should the impact re­ established. Since corrosion resist­ sistance be seriously reduced under ance, high-tensile strengths, relative­ the conditions stated, and if a stabiliz­ ly good ductility, and impact re­ ing heat treatment is not practicable sistance, all are attributes of an ideally an alloy grade having an upper limit conditioned austenitic structure, any of 0.08 per cent of carbon (Type further treatment which would tend 304) would maintain a safe impact- to alter that structure must be done resistance level. The welding of an at some sacrifice of these desirable extremely low-carbon grade of austen­ properties. 4 itic stainless steel (Type 304) does Before the chemistry and mech­ not seriously impair its impact re­ anism of carbide precipitation were sistance, even at service temperatures sufficiently understood, and counter­ as low as minus 150° F. The carbon measures such as reduction of carbon content of 0.08 per cent maximum is content, stabilization, or heat treat­ below the solubility limit in the pre­ ment were effected, this determent cipitation range (800-1500° F). Slight­ proved a major obstacle to the ad­ Considerations are dis­ ly higher cost of this special alloy vancement of these now extremely cussed regarding exact may be justified in cases where it important commercial alloys. Use of grade, welding procedure is not always possible to completely 18-8 chromium nickel austenitic steel and the heat treatment re­ and positively evaluate the conditions as a structural material for certain quired to give optimum re­ involved. service conditions, including process sults at low temperatures Stabilized Grade Indicated operating temperatures to minus with austenitic 18-8 150° C, is indicated and accepted. If all conditions were combined The welding of this material, with to create the greatest amount of its attendant heat effects, gives rise By J. G. HENDERSON carbide precipitation, in the low-car­ to special considerations regarding Consulting Engineer bon alloy—heavy sections (mass) with the exact grade, the welding pro­ Charleston, W. Va. high total heat input, slow cooling, cedure and the treatment required to lower limit of nickel, etc.— a stabilized give optimum results. grade (Type 347) is indicated, and weldment is subjected to no especial­ this whether or n o t corrosion is Carbide Precipitation Not Serious ly active corrosive media such as anticipated. If unstabilized, and of carbon con­ would cause intergranular corrosion, Metallic arc welding recommends tent in excess of 0.08 per cent (Type the impact resistance at low service itself on the basis of: (a) Lower total 302), normal welding operations temperatures need not be seriously re­ heat input; (b) considerably shorter duced. (without subsequent heat treatment) time in the precipitation range; (c) on sections having thicknesses up to Here again, however, some qualifi­ lack of carbon pick-up. about 0.75-in. will not induce serious cation is in order, especially with Type 304 (0.08 C maximum) stain­ carbide precipitation. It is conceiv­ respect to (a) any carbide precipita­ less steel will fulfill the requirements able that if the extreme upper limit tion in austenitic stainless steels in­ because: (a) Low carbon content with of carbon content (0.20), low chro­ creases its tensile strength while re­ other stated conditions, will permit mium (17.00), low nickel (8.00), the ducing its plasticity and impact welding without undue carbide pre­ upper limit of heat x time incidental strength and (b) even mildly corrosive cipitation; and because (b) cost com­ to “normal” welding operations, and media, under ideal conditions, can parison is favorable— roughly, 40c/ heavy sections where mass would attack selectively at the grain lb for 302; 42c/lb for 304; 52c/lb considerably slow the cooling rate, boundaries and cause intergranular- for 347. all were in combination, some serious corrosion notches so as to further re­ It is strongly recommended tha carbide precipitation probably would duce the impact strength. reliable and comprehensive test data be in evidence. While the mere existence of chro­ should be obtained. It should in If a negligible amount of carbide mium carbide at the grain boundaries elude tensile a n d impact tests at precipitation is induced under con- does embrittle the metal, the degree various temperatures from atmos- ditions as stated above and if the of such embrittlement alone appears ( Phase turn to Page 112) /TEEl 94 NON-PRESSURE PLATE

p u s h r o d

4 / Æ - OPERATED l>U$M RCL> PlATC

RUBBER BOOT oiaphrMv FIXTURES spring AiR ćONŃić.fi DRAIN MOLE

Safer, faster production and labor economy are among advantages of automatic and BRAKE CHAMBER semiautomatic fixtures and controls

By S. J O H N S O N , JR. Bendix-Westinghouse Automotive Air Brake Co. Elyria, O.

AIR operated fixtures offer several advantages, but the chief advantage is labor economy as compared to manual or mechanical operation. Air controls are positive and have proven their worth from a standpoint of increasing production per manhour and have indirectly contributed a great deal to safety in the shop. In four years of using air operated fixtures developed for our own use we have never had an accident that can TYPE OF BRAKE CHAMBER D E ACB G F be laid to air failure. Chances are no greater with an EFFECTIVE AREA air clamp than they are with a hand operated mechanical OF DIAPHRAGM 6 9 12 16 2 4 3 0 3 6 clamp. An operator can become fatigued and may fail IN SQUARE INCHES to tighten the work holding clamp tight enough to hold POUNDS FORCE DEVELOPED WITH 60 3 6 0 5 4 0 7 2 0 9 6 0 1440 1800 2160 the part, which is hazardous, and the same thing may POUNDS AIR PRESSURE be true if he tightens it excessively and breaks the part BRAKING FORCES or distorts the part so that it may break when the cutting EFFECT OF BRAKE CHAMBER SIZE tool strikes it. Air controls shown in accompanying illustrations are standard parts which we manufacture for the air brake system of automotive transport vehicles, and are high production items which are relatively inexpensive. The first question that may come to mind is the amount of compressed air required for their use. The entire air supply for our plant is from a two stage steam driven oir compressor having a displacement of 992 cfm and a volumetric efficiency of about 85 per cent at 125 psi. Our air supply originally was intended for testing facili­ ties only. Most of our products require testing by air. n sethng up our plant some air operated fixtures were originally contemplated, but not the quantity we are now using, which is about 375, We have not increased the air supply capacity originally set up for the plant and the 375 air fixtures do not place an excessive load on our total air supply. As closely as we can estimate or check, we believe the 375 air operated fixtures take up about 15 per cent of the total amount of compressed air used in the plant. Main item used for clamping in the fixtures is what is known as a brake chamber. These are preferable to cylinders for three reasons: As a diaphragm is employed instead of a packing cup, no leakage problem is involved; As a diaphragm is employed there is no friction problem involved; because of these two reasons there is no main­ tenance problem as these diaphragms have an average life of about 1,000,000 cycles. A control valve is used to operate the brake chamber. This can be one of many types but in a majority of cases a simple rotary disc type valve is used. A regular key type cock is not desirable because the frequency of operation causes too much wear and excessive leakage develops. Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of the brake chamber which you will note consists of two metal plates, a molded composition rubber and fabric diaphragm and a push plate with a push rod attached. Fig. 2 shows the various sizes of brake chambers manufactured by Bendix-Westinghouse, respective effective areas and over­ all sizes. Fig. 3 shows a simple rotary disk type control valve used for the most part in admitting or releasing air to and from the brake chambers used to clamp work- in the fixtures. Crankcase Milling Fixture: Fig. 6 shows a milling fix­ ture used for straddle milling of small compressor crank­ cases in loaded position. This fixture, used on a Cin­ cinnati Duplex Hydro-matic milling machine, replaces an old style bar type fixture that required two nuts and a large end wrench to operate. Present fixture involves only a quarter turn of the handle on a Bendix-Westing­ house two-way valve to operate the brake chamber fixture. Another advantage of this type fixture is that parts to be milled are secured with enough pressure (Please turn to Page 154) Use of Future Steels To Depend on Costs

Induction Hardening Causing Major Shift to Carbon Steels

By MAURICE N. LANDIS Manager, Metallurgical & Research Divisions La Salle Steel Co. C hicago

ALL appearances indicate that AISI this connection the 4300 series has met a lot of critical situations in the aircraft system of naming steels will be followed Opinions below are those of the industry with success. We do not be­ in the future. The SAE has now adopted author expressed to a customer re­ lieve, however, that these high alloys the AISI system except for the prefix cently, in reply to a letter asking will be indiscriminately specified as they letter. We believe this prefix letter ful­ for advice on steel specifications of sometimes were in the past. Many de­ fills a need in that it symbolizes the the future. Mr. Landis frankly method of steel manufacture or general states the situation is difficult to signers have learned that the less ex­ pensive leaner alloys are fully adequate class of the steel such as "B” for bes- predict, and his opinions were for most jobs. semer manufacture and “A” for alloy, gained from talking to both steel Another factor which is going to in­ “C” means carbon steels and “E” elec­ producers and users. These opin­ tric furnace. ions, he said, are only those of fluence the future steels is the constant pressure to reduce costs. Thus if a re­ Of what is undoubtedly major in­ today one thing being certain— finement of heat treating techniques terest to you is our opinion • as to the new steels will be developed while most popular and most available of the old favorites will disappear makes it possible for a shop to use car­ generally used steels. bon steel instead of alloy, a change is In the carbon steels, we anticipate made to carbon. But the same refine­ that the various grades will pretty well ments might make it possible to mass go along as they are now, except that quench alloy steels where individual mod fied C-1144, is rapidly becoming C-1042 is fast replacing C-1040 and quenching of carbon is required, with C-1045 as the medium carbon shafting more popular where excellent machina­ the change then to alloy. Along this bility, superior to that of C-1137, and steel. C-1042 is identical to C-1040 line the widespread adoption of induc­ hardenability are requirements. and C-1045 except for carbon which is tion hardening is causing a major shift 0.40 per cent to 0.47 per cent. 1020-90 In regard to the alloy steels, the pic­ from the carburizing steels, both carbon (C-1019), I think, will continue to be ture is not so clear. The 8600 series and alloy, to steels of approximately the generally used lower carbon shaft­ seems definitely to be in, especially A- 0.50 per cent carbon. ing and carburizing steel. Also, C-1050 8640 and A-8617, for quenching and The use of sulphur to enhance ma­ is being employed where good harden- carburizing respectively. Also, some A- chinability of alloy is rapidly gaining ability is a must more and more. 4140 is being specified and produced as ground and we are sure it will continue. In screw steels, we look for B-1112 well as a little A-3140. There is not Previously when raw sulphur was added, to continue to be the basic free ma­ much 3115, 3120 or 4120 being used there was serious doubt among many chining steel with B-1113 being used now for carburizing, though the grades metallurgists as to the quality of the more and more, when screw machines are sometimes available. steel produced. With introduction of the are able to take advantage of its superior Actually, the 8600 series worked very sodium bi-sulphite process, our La-Sul- machinability. well during the war, performing fully phite, the doubts largely have been We look for little change in the open as well as the older alloys. Further, the eliminated, so that we now can say the hearth free-machining steels. C-1117, scrap situation is certain to make these La-Sulphite alloys are quality steels with the former X-1314, should continue to ternary alloys attractive to the producers. markedly enhanced machinability. This lead for those applications where ready Other higher alloyed steels are certain is especially pertinent in the heat treated machining and open hearth quality are to be used for those applications which bar steels where considerable machin­ required. C-1137, formerly X-1335, is actually require them. Thus A-4615, ability has heretofore necessarily been still a popular quenching, free machin­ A-4640 and either A-4340 or E-4340 sacrificed to produce a strong tough ing steel, although our tritex No. 2, are almost indispensable at times. In steel.

Diamond Wheels Offered usual tendency to become hot. Diamond table lists all the usual hardness scales hand hones also available, for touching of some 300 different alloys and materials. For Sharpening Carbide up tool set-ups. One hundred of the more common alloys and materials are listed in the second ab­ A line of resinoid-bonded diamond breviated table. abrasive wheels now offered by Wick- Purdue Offers Hardness man Corp., 15533 Woodrow WilsoD Value Chart for Alloys Table I lists materials under five rock- avenue, Detroit, is stated to be of same well scales, according to type of pene- es'gn as diamond wheels originated and To aid manufacturers in choosing the trator and major load, one Vickers, and made in England and Canada. most suitable alloy for the service re­ two brinell scales. Table II gives hard­ Designed particularly for sharpening quired, a two-table chart is offered by ness ratings in two rockwell scales, using carbide tools, the wheels are said to Engineering Experiment Station of Pur­ brale penetrators, two brinell scales, using Provide a faster cutting action without due University, Lafayette, Ind. First 500, 3000 kg loads, one Vickers scale.

May 13, 1946 97 IRON a n d STEEL ENGINEERS HOLD 'k a c tc c £ '

WELL-ROUNDED program of papers complished through improvements in de­ passes providing the man guiding it. on rolling mill practice and equipment sign and equipment such as extreme care through is expert in entering each pass featured the annual spring conference in design of grooves to give equal dis­ with the bar turned up to exactly 90 de­ of the Association of Iron and Steel En­ tribution of stock, installation of mills grees and keeping it there. If any one gineers, Congress hotel, Chicago, May sufficiently rigid to eliminate spring, in­ of the four passes has not been kept in 6-7. Over 500 were in attendance. Tues­ corporation of bearings to give a mini­ the 90-degree position, a fifth pass is day morning a large party was con­ mum of journal and thrust wear and im­ necessary. ducted on a tour through the South proved rolls and guide equipment. Opening of a hand round groove is Chicago plant of Republic Steel Corp. To make a clean well-filled round, he most important, Mr. Hammond stated. C. P. Hammond, superintendent roll­ explained, it is necessary to fill the Too little will cause the bar to have flat ing mills, Atlas Steels Ltd., Welland, groove ahead of the final finishing pass. spots or be an octagon shape while too Ont., in speaking on “The Art of Roll­ In making a 2-in. round enough stock much opening will produce an oval ing Rounds,” pointed out that the de­ must be started with to fill the 2ys-in. shape and more difficulty will be en­ sire on (he part of barmakers to obtain groove. countered when guiding the bar through uniformity from bar to bar has been ac­ A good round can be made in four the pass. The amount of opening de­ pends mainly on the amount of draft from one pass to the next. The final pass can be controlled by the lead pass in the first set by moving the top roll slightly in the direction the section is laying or pulling. This elimi­ nates several passes and requires less expert tongsmen to produce a good round. It also increases production and gives a cleaner bar due particularly to the flat and edging passes. A typical design for a regular single arc oval is one in which width is 1-33 times the diameter of the finished round, and the thickness 0.90 increasing the width on small rod sizes and decreasing on sizes above 1-in. diameter. Double arc oval leader passes are widely used and have proved satisfactory for rounds 1-in. diameter. This design rides well going through tire finishing groove and allows greater reduction in area with less overall draft on the height of the oval. Mills are now using a double radius former edging with a reasonable amount of opening of around 15 degrees, the larger radius being equal to about 1 times the diameter of the finished roun . This design provides clearances for sea e to peel off and still leaves the corners covered, which gives the roller contro of the section. He knows when he as a rectangle with equal diagonals en lering the former, and this section lean ing on the oval. He can correct it J moving the top roll of the former t

98 /T E E 1 '

FIND NEW WAYS TO REDUCE YOUR COSTS ON THESE OPERATIONS!

W Ê Ê È Ê m Ë m .

FOR LOWER COSTS ALL ALONG THE LINE. . .

/ Specify an Alloy Steel That Is "Tailor Made" To Meet Your Needs

HESE alloy steels aren’t like performance and eliminate many servicing calls. others. True, they are often T For a moment consider not the price of the material made to SAE analyses, but there coming into your plant, but the cost of the product the similarity stops. that leaves it. Actually, Carpenter Special Purpose You can expect new things from Alloy Steels are "operation reducers” ... furnished Carpenter Special Purpose Alloy Steels. They will do with a heat treatment, finish or close tolerance things that other alloy steels w on’t do. T hese steels that cuts your fabricating costs and reduces rejects. are tailor made” to fit your job requirements. Because If you are interested in finding ways to they arrive at your plant in a condition that is cut costs with Carpenter Special Purpose close to your finished product requirements, they Alloy Steels, ask for a copy of "Fitting often save you time and money in fabrication. And the Steel to the Job”. It is a new booklet because they are consistently uniform lot after lot, that points the way to lower costs on these steels help you reduce rejects, improve product jobs where you use alloy steels.

ALLOY STEELS made in a tool steel mill ... inspected by tool steel standards

THE CARPENTER STEEL COMPANY • 139 W. BERN STREET • READING, PA.

MaV 13, 1946 ing in die same direction as the section bly, co-ordination with other units, and mal imposed load has been known to is laying. If die section is being repeat­ so far as possible, standardization of exist without the actual failure of the ed, die top former roll would be thrown parts with other tables so that the num­ bearing. in tho opposite direction. This is an ber and variety of spares may be held The speaker described the balanced- important point on the mill as the right to a minimum. proportion bearings which establish the amount of stock to make the round Because of the severity of service of ideal, bore-outside-diameter, that is, is obtained at this point. front and back tables, solid forged steel width proportions for a mill main roll T. N. Sloan, roll engineer, Republic rollers are generally used. bearing by determining the nverage mill Steel Corp., Buffalo, in discussing "Roll The line shaft is made of hot rolled, separating force that would be imposed Design for Dio Rolling,” explained that turned or forged steel and the composi­ on a mill roll having a certain diameter die rolling differs from ordinary rolling tion may vary from mild carbon through and having a roll bearing length in line mainly in the finishing or die rolling the higher carbons to chrome, nickel, with present design trends. These par­ stand. This stand must bo rigidly con­ molybdenum alloys, depending on the ticular bearings show ratings up to 40 structed with extra long windows to loads. per cent higher than bearings previously permit the use of rolls of varying diame­ A low chromium, nickel, molybdenum supplied and will show from 50 to 60 ters; it must have special fixtures such forging (SAE 4340) quenched and heat per cent increasee in neck strength. This insures greater mill and neck rigidity which results in greater precision in rolling. H. L. Smith, Federal Metals Division, American Smelting & Refining Co., Pitts­ burgh, in speaking on “ Metallic Bear­ ings,” stated that in a majority of older type or nonprecision bearings, a good bearing operation is obtained by reduc­ ing the length of the bearing to 1 or lV z times the diameter. In modem equip­ ment where precision bearings are used, the ratio of length is still further re­ duced to about % or less of the diameter.

Older Bearings Give Longer Service Older bearings can be made to give MODERN BUILDING: One story construction eliminating elevators and longer trouble-free service, by using a increasing ease of layout because of few floor obstructions features new bearing alloy which possesses the desired building designed and erected by Walter Kidde Constructors Inc., New characteristics for the service intended, York, for the new plant of Reynolds Spring Co., in Trenton, N. J. It and then making the bearing properly has a large expanse of windows and has no parapet above window sash by applying certain fundamental princi­ except in the office section. Construction is steel frame, insulated ples of good foundry practice and lubri­ steel roof deck, steel sash, brick walls and concrete floor cation. In discussing running clearance the ^ speaker stated experience indicates that 0.001-in. per inch of shaft up to 6 in­ as chucks, liners and mandrels to accom­ treated before machining to about 240 is usually sufficient, and for bearings modate various sized rolls. The process to 300 brinell, will give to shock-resist­ over 6-in., 0.0005-in. is added for also requires a separate motor of varia­ ant gear with a uniform core strength every additional inch of shaft thoug ble speed; a gear reducer, pinions and and a high percentage of contact area. the expansion of babbitt and the sh t universal couplings, connecting pinions A low-carbon alloy which can be car- and rolls, and a timing device on the burized to 450 brinell or over has excel­ must be considered. mill end of the top pinion to permit the lent wearing qualities but being rather New developments in synthetic rubb.r setting of the top roll in the proper brittle through the area of case hard­ have made possible the straight us® 0 registration with the bottom roll. ening, is more susceptible to tooth this materia] as a sealing element. ^ 's fact was brought out by L. G. Krug. In laying out a rear axle, the rolls breakage. Chicago Rawhide Mfg. Co., Chicago, in are designed so that the largest end of Safe working capacity of a bearing his paper on “Bearing Seals. The ma the long taper enters tho pass first and as applied to roll necks in general is terial is not attacked by grease, oi an rolls down tho long taper. The thinner dependent upon a number of factors. water and when in operation the pres the flash the more the extrusion. The This was brought out by Paul Hanger, ence of lubrication causes little friction thicker the flash the less friction and assistant chief engineer, industrial divi­ therefore the less forward slippage. sion, Timken Roller Bearing Co., Can­ or wear. ., With properly designed seals, he sai In flash rolling it is common practice ton, O., in his paper on “Roller Bear­ there is no problem to achieve sea ing to roll as high as a 78 per cent reduc­ ings.” Sudden overloads within the static providing the shaft runs true. Anot e tion from the leader bar, but in flashless capacity of the bearing do not usually problem is shaft deflection. Various ac­ rolling 48 per cent is the largest attained injure any of the rolls or working sur­ tors stressed by the speaker fol ow. and then only under ideal conditions. face. Sudden overloads up to five or six In describing the design of blooming times the normal working capacity of a I. Have the shaft on which the' sea operates polished as smooth as p v and slabbing mill tables, J. G. Meenan, bearing will not injure any of the roller Shaft finish has everything to do design engineer, United Engineering & or race surfaces, he stated. In cases effective life of a seal. . , Foundry Co., Pittsburgh, emphasized where sudden shock loading can be an­ 2. Lubricate the tip of the sejL ^ that the designer must consider the ini­ ticipated with reasonable accuracy, an grease just before assembling. tial and operating costs, ease of assem­ actual figure of 8 to 10 times the nor­ iWrnw turn to Page 152'

100 /TEE 1 ENIGMA IN STABILITY! Since the begin­ mass production has a new ally! ning of steel making, production of a tool steel which could be machined Holding specified tolerances in precision machines subject to con­ freely and afterward heat-treated to mechanical parts now has been stant friction. extreme hardness and stability had made more practical. The way is Already customers’ savings are baffled the industry. open to greater precision in mass endless—incalculable. They are To metallurgists of The Timken production and a host of new typical o f what happens when Roller Bearing Company it seemed specific problems of alloy steel that the answer might lie in a method product improvements. of precipitating jree graphite from Because Timken Graph-Mo users receive the direct attention the excess carbides in a special alloy reel has a highly stable structure, of metallurgists skilled in produc­ steel which had been saturated with 8ages made of it remain more ing hundreds o f analyses. carbon. Five analyses with wondrous accurate. They last considerably It could pay you well to find properties were produced and pat­ out what improved properties our ented; christened Graphitic Steels. onger. They can be machined flexible specialty mill might proc­ On more than 50 test applications 5% to 30% faster. And they have ess into the alloy steel you use. in our own bearing plant, the new excellent heat treating qualities. Write Steel and Tube Division, thoroughbred Graphitics repeatedly Equally important is the evolu- The Timken Roller Bearing Com­ outperformed every other tool steel. Today, for many of our tool steel cus­ oon other Timken Graphitic Steels pany, Canton 6, Ohio. Timken Bear­ are bringing about in tools and tomers, they are delivering perform­ ings, Timken Alloy Steels an d Seamless ances, once thought "impossible.” ies — and in moving parts of Tubes, Timken Removable Rock Bits.

YEARS AHEAD — THROUGH EXPERIENCE AND RESEARCH M»y 13, 1946 generator units was tire Ross-Maehan Foundries of Chattanooga.

IN D USTRIAL truck operators can re­ charge the batteries of their respective trucks as easily as turning on an electric light when using the automatic battery charger being produced by Electric Prod­ ucts Co., Cleveland. All the operator has to do, the company states, is con­ nect up the charging plug with lead bat­ teries. No further manual attention is required. The charger shuts down com­ pletely when the last cell has been charged.

ABRASIVE Engineering Corp., Spring Lake, Mich., enlarges all types and sizes EXPERIM EN TAL work is being ac­ bearing operates under conditions of of reamers from % to 3 in. by forging, tively conducted on stainless W, the reasonable misalignment of housings or the company revealed recently. Accord­ steel developed by U. S. Steel Corp., shafts, but is self-aligning because the ing to the company, success of its process and until recently on the secret list of bore of the outer race is a section of a depends solely on the thickness of the developments, according to John S. true sphere. tool’s teeth. Resizing is done by forging Ewing of the Stainless Steel Division, the teeth to displace sufficient metal Camegie-IUinois Steel Corp. Stainless from the back to the top of each tooth ECONOMIES running as high as 60 W, unlike 18-8, is magnetic. Its com­ increasing the total diameter to the re­ per cent may be realized by manufactur­ position range is approximately 0.07 per quired dimension. Work is said to extend ers, it is said, by taking advantage of cent carbon, 17.0 chromium, 7.0 nickel, life of each tool 3 to 6 years. 0.07 titanium and 0.02 aluminum. Other new service offered by Air Products Inc., elements present are in amounts normal­ Chattanooga, Tenn. The concern is ly found in other steels, Mr. Ewing de­ providing oxygen generators on a lease MANUFACTURERS of electronic clared. basis, installing them in the lessee’s plant, equipment are provided with a reliable where all oxygen produced and con­ means of delaying the control of heavy sumed is metered, and paid for on a current circuits for a predetermined IN THE East, it was learned, Torring- volume basis. time interval, and of eliminating chat­ ton Co., Bantam Bearings Division, has Each of the generators is equipped ter on delicate instrument ocntacts by added self-aligning spherical roller bear­ with an exclusive oxygen compressing using a new thermal delay developed ings to its line. The Torrington, Conn. system. Extensive use is made of by the Instrument Division, Thomas A. manufacturer reports results of recent Meehanite castings to meet special low- Edison Inc., West Orange, N. J. The tests of the bearing have been so grati­ temperature operating requirements of unit is designed for continuous opera­ fying that an extensive program was set the equipment. tion with its heater energized. It com­ in motion for their production. The Among the first to install one of these bines both time delay and control func­ tions in one unit, providing preset delay periods of 2 sec to 8 min, it is said.

DEVELOPMENT of a compass that points only east and west is reported by General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y. A new alloy called silmanal which is magnetized across its width rather than along its length is responsible for the Air Products gener­ development. A compass needle of this ator, installed on alloy, to align its magnetic field with lease basis, elimi­ that of the earth, must point east ana nates transportation west, GE said. and handling costs. Meehanite castings feature its construc­ A QUARTER’S worth of glue is the tion to meet temper­ principal raw material required to makt ature requirements more than a cubic foot of a new insu lating material called Foamboard, ® veloped by Foster D. Snell Inc., Broo lyn, N. Y. The product, suggested for use for insulating vehicles—railroad cars, tmcks or planes— against heat, cold or noise, weighs 1 to 3 lb per cubic too*- In thin layers it somewhat resembles flannel but, as usually made, it is ®°re

102 / TEEL COLD ROLLED SPRING STEEL

You get precision characteristics all down the line when you order CMP Spring Steel: • Chemistry is held within the proper range to insure uniform response to heat treatment. • Width and gauge are accurate to closest tolerances which give you maximum production per ton. • Annealing is controlled "Within very close limits to provide the ideal spheroidized structure for your sub­ sequent processing operations. • Decarburization is held to the absolute minimum by carefully planned CMP annealing practices. • Physicals are uniform throughout any shipment so that you can obtain unvarying results as you put Thinsteel into production. CMP has consistently supplied the needs of more and more fabricators who profit from the precision qualities t h in s t e e l f a c t s inherent in all CMP Spring Steel. Because precision strip Coils up to 300 lbs. per inch of rolling techniques were pioneered by CMP, we know that width. you can benefit by drawing on the experience pool in our Extremely close tolerances. organization to help Wide range of physicals. solve your cold rolled Gauges as thin as .001". spring steel problems. Widths up to 24 inches. Call or write TODAY. Carbon, alloy and stainless grades.

t h e c o l d m e t a l PRODUCTS CO. Youngstown i , ohio SALES OFFICES NEW YORK • CHICAGO • DETROIT • BUFFALO TON ST. LOUIS • DAYTON • LOS ANGELES

M,v 13, 1946 103 like dried natural sponge which has morrow which looks best to him, so far, tube. Powdered aluminum is introduced been cut into slabs 1 in. thick. Use is not a far cry from the paper airplane into the end of the tube which is then of different fillers enables characteristics one used to make and toss across the placed in a tubular electric furnace. of the product to be varied, and a cur­ school room. Air is evacuated from tube, and silicon ing process renders the glue resistant tetrachloride is introduced under pres­ to water, fungi and other destructive ACCORDING to a report received sure. Temperature of furnace is raised agents, it is said. Furthermore, the de­ from the Department of Commerce, a to 800° C, and silicon crystals are de­ velopment may have synthetic rubber, German chemist developed a silicon de­ posited on the surface of the carbon. asphalt, glass or wood fibers compound­ tector cell that seems to require no Carbon cylinder is then mounted on a ed with it to obtain special properties adjustment, is not sensitive to shock and ceramic base, and a metal electrode is desired. detects 3 and 9 centimeter waves. Cell brought into contact with crystals on consists of a series of cylindrical rods the end of the carbon rod. IN THE central Ohio town of Mt. of carbon standing on end in a quartz Vernon, Cooper-Bessemer Corp. re­ VALUABLE aid for slow-motion study vealed development of a diesel engine of rotating, reciprocating or vibratory of 40 per cent thermal efficiency that mechanisms in industry is provided by operates on manufactured and coke-oven BELO W is the new 2 A Duomatic the use of a stroboscope recently devel­ gas. Gas is admitted to cylinders along lathe built by Lodge & Shipley oped by Communications Measurements with the intake air. Ignition is provided Machine Tool Co., Cincinnati, Laboratory. The New York company and controlled with the injection of a and now being exhibited at the states the development, which also can small quantity of pilot oil, it is said. Paris fair by R. S. Stokvis et Fils, be used to study mechanical stresses and French machine tool importers. strains under dynamic conditions, “stops” Emile Dubut, Stovkis demon­ ENTIRELY new rules governing air­ rotary or vibratory motion at speeds strator shown at the machine, flow behavior at trans-sonic speeds must studied features of the small size of 600 to 48,000 rpm in four ranges. be found, articulated and incorporated lathe in the American plant into new aerodynamic shapes which will before it was boxed for ship­ cither resist destructive effects of this ACCORDING to Safety Research In­ ment. According to the maker's region or enable the aircraft to pene­ stitute Inc., New York, those responsi­ president and general manager, trate it at such velocity that the effects ble for fire protection would do well William L. Dolle, the Renault have no time to build up, W. E. Beall, to examine old and emergency approved Works is supplying work pieces vice president, Boeing Aircraft Co., extinguishers for possible replacement, during the demonstration of the Seattle, said recently in an article on now that standard units again are avail­ automatic lathe. The fair, which able. Standard extinguishers hear the “Super-Sonic Explorers.” The Boeing ends June 10, is the first ex­ executive stated many aircraft designers Factory Mutual insignia “FM” in addi­ hibition to include machine tools tion to the Underwriters’ Laboratories are often asked “How will the ultra-high- since the war. Both Mr. Dolle label, distinguishing them from models speed airplane look?” According to the and J. Herbert Myers, secretary of substitute materials bearing the let­ aerodynamicist, who insists it is too soon and sales manager of Lodge & ters "EAS.” Latter label indicates the to say. the shape of the plane of to­ Shipley, plan to visit the fair late extinguisher requires more careful in M a y maintenance, and may not stand up as long as standard types, the safety insti­ tute reported.

IN BROCKPORT, N. Y„ it was learned, Karge & Son Machine Co. hao patented a process which enables the concern to turn parts of metal or plastic in shapes, lengths, slenderness ant smoothness, in either short or long runs, to very close tolerances which often makes final grinding unnecessary. On- long slender length demonstrated by • e company measured 72 in. with diameters

of t?s to % in.

IN M IDLAND, Mich, recently, Dow Coming Corp. revealed that heat-sta e silicone rubber, called Silastic, deve ope to meet war uses, now has been im proved to the point where it He , products twice as strong, tough an elastic than those produced before - development was refined. The product can be molded or extrude r° any shape, and it can be apphe ®s e ating for metal, wire or glass c0 . H also makes a good insulating mate Dow stated.

/TE E 1 104 Show us the man “in the dark" b u n d y w e l d t u b i n g superiority s t e m s f r o m a n T h a t ’s rig h t. e x c l u s iv e a n d u n i q u e manufacturing p r o c e s s We are seeking men who are “in the dark”—manu­ facturers who use tubing, yet may not know about the many advantages which Bundyweld Tubing offers. Chances are excellent that such manufacturers can profit by having us demonstrate Bundyweld . . . by letting us show them how Bundyweld Tubing is superior, different . . . because it is produced by a unique and exclusive manufacturing process. In the gas appliance industry, for example, Bundy­ 1 Bundyweld Tubing is made by . . . into tubular form. Walls of weld has so well demonstrated its superiority that it is a process entirely different from uniform thickness and concen­ now used by a majority of makers. And wherever that used in making other tubing. tricity are assured by the use of A single strip of copper-coated close tolerance cold rolled strip. Bundyweld is used — for conveying gases, liquids, S.A.E. 1010 steel is continuously This double rolled strip passes hydraulic pressures, or vacuums— it’s preferred for: rolled twice laterally . . . through a furnace where the . . . * strength, ductility, uniform tolerances. * machinability and ease of fabrication. * great resistance to vibration fatigue. * high bursting point in pressure applications. * low cost. May we work with you on your tubing problems? Prove that Bundyweld can, most likely, serve you better and cut costs? Write Bundy Tubing Co., Detroit 13, Mich.

* ii c °P P © r coating fuses and . . . copper coated inside and BUNDY TUBING a oys with the double steel walls. out, free from scale, closely held After brazing and cooling, it to dimensions. Hard or annealed ★ * ■=— -H ^ ^ ★ ★ ©comes a solid double wall steel in standard sizes up to s/&" O.D. copper brazed throughout Special sizes cold drawn. Also 360 of wall contact . . . in Monel, nickel and nickel alloys.

C'^iffe*ak ^0,/ Standard Tube Sales Corp. Lapham-Hlckey Co. Rutan & Co. Eagle Metals Co. Alloy Metal Sales Ltd. So F .• 19th St* 1 Admiral Ave- 3333 W. 47th Place 112 S. 16th St. 3628 E. Marginal Way 861 Bay St. r> ncisco 10, Calif. Maspeth, N.Y.C., N.Y. Chicago 32, Illinois Phlla. 2, Pa. Seattle 4, Wash. Toronto 5, Canada

May 13, 1946 105 f i l l H R

A new spherical roller hearing of Torrington Co., South Bend, Ind., not only is self-aligning but also offers two-directional thrust, high radial capacity and unit con­ struction for easy installation. Sizes start at 1.5748-in. bore, and bearing is said to be especially suited for heavy-duty applications

Thread ring gage with clearance below the roots of the threads, making it possible to “set down” or adjust it to take full ad­ vantage of adjustment provided in ring gages, is an innovation of Locke Gage Co., Detroit. Crest of the set plug will not contact the root diameter. With the clearance it is possible to lap the entire side of each thread from crest to root, as thread lap extends into clearance. This permits reconditioning of each gage beyond its original life span. Clearance also serves as re­ ceptacle for foreign particles

A new form tool setting gage made by F. II. Smith Mfg. Co., Chicago, is designed primarily for resetting form tools of cer­ tain automatic screw machines in precisely the same position from which they were removed to be sharpened. Because of simplified resetting, operator has more incentive to sharpen tools. Both front and back slides can be set with equal speed and accuracy regardless of spindle rotation direction. Made in three sizes, gage also can he used to advantages on lathes

A u t o m a t i c

One of two separate styles of a new automatic, adjustable, ratchet-action wrenches made by Oscar W. Hedstrom Corp., 4834 West Division, Chicago, is shown here. Jaws have a Vce groove for gripping comers and faces of nuts alternately for close-quarter work. Other style has pipe-wrench teeth for «sr on rounded nuts. Called the Larc-o-matic wrench, it provides instant thumb-triggcr adjustment, and an automatic “eye ad­ justment control that keeps jaws in constant grip on square, hexagonal and odd-sizc nuts. It automatically ratchets and secures a 1/4, 1/6, 1/8 and 1/12 turn grip. Three sizes avail­ able include: A 6-in. tool opening to 13/16-in., and 8-in. mode opening to 1 in., and 10-in. wrench opening to 1 3-8 m.

/ T E E 1 FOR STRONG, LIGHTWEIGHT PARTS IN AUTOMOBILES AND MACHINERY use J&L Electricweld Tubing

Weight reduction without sacrificing strength is possible in your

products through use of J&L Electricweld Tubing. Many design

engineers have discovered the economy of specifying J&L tubing

for supporting members as well as for use in machine parts and

formed sections. They also specify tubing for parts under

dynamic loading for it will carry more load than any other section

of the same weight. Write today for further information.

J o n e s & La u g h l in S t e e l C o r p o r a t io n

PITTSBURGH 30, PENNSYLVANIA

13, 1946 107 The most Economical because it runs on excess steam economical from your plant boilers, because it can be oper­ and trouble-free ated by unskilled, low-cost labor, and because locomotive it requires very little maintenance. Trouble-free ever built because of the simplicity of its construction. There is no boiler, fire-box, electric motor, gen­ erator, or internal combustion engine on a Porter Fireless. There are few working parts, and the reservoir never needs replacement. Actual ex­

S\e°r1' perience shows that users of Porter Fireless Loco­ motives save up to 5 0 % of their switching costs.

ond tWP' u'pme"' er-N ^oRS' *£ ^ P RtG men< (or .»re E^u,pm j E\ec»'c° ■ ^ - ?rr / r ^ e- ° " d 1,e ’ ■ M l " ' I S M !

1(1S /TE E L By GUSTAF SODERBERG Consulting Fngin&er Graham, Crowley & Associates Inc. Jenldntown, Pa.

Process for cadmium, copper and its alloys, magnesium, and zinc can be used to enhance surface appearance, condition the surface for plating, or passivate if to prevent corrosion

PURPOSE of bright dipping (which color and the brightness can most readily smooth electroplate in a few seconds, may be defined as a corrosion process be controlled at a temperature not ex­ or up to less than one-half minute, with­ whereby the percentage of specular re­ ceeding 35° C (95° F) above which a out the removal of more than a very flectance from a metallic surface is in­ smoky color develops. small percentage of the electroplates. creased without the application of an out­ Since much heat is evolved in the Magnesium, which also belongs to the side electromotive force) may be to bright-dip reaction and since relatively lib group of the periodic table, may be improve the surface appearance of an minor changes in composition of the bright dipped in some of these same article, to prepare the surface for a bath effect the color produced, it is solutions. so 'sequent treatment such as plating, common practice to do the necessary Ganser8 proposed an aqueous solution or to passivate the surface to prevent surfacing in a preliminary dip. This so of 0.5-1 per cent by volume concentrated subsequent corrosion and discoloration called “scaling dip” contains less sulphuric nitric acid for cadmium. Unfortunately and improve paint adherence. Bright acid and is therefore more active than the discoloration of cadmium-plated dipping is also used to remove a peculiar the regular bright dip. Typical analysis parts packed closely together is acceler- crystal growth which appears on sur­ is 700 g/L concentrated ILSO,, 100 g/L erated when this dip has been used, faces which are cadmium plated at very concentrated HNOs, 5 g/L concentrated. probably due to the formation of am­ low current densities. It is used primarily IIC1 and 544 g/L ILO. Time of immer­ monium salts". A weaker dip containing on solid copper and brass and on electro­ sion in this dip is long enough to pro­ 0.25-5 per cent by volume concentrated plated coatings of zinc, cadmium, copper duce desired smoothing of the surface nitric acid has been used very success­ and brass. No commercial bright dipping at whatever temperature is reached. The fully on zinc plate1, being less sensitive of magnesium and lead are known. In optimum color is then brought out in the than several other dips to the presence a paper presented at the Electrochemical regular bright dip in a few seconds. of such impurities as copper in the plate. Society symposium on “Before and After It is stated by Larsen8 that bright- Plating, these applications were listed dipped parts must be surrounded by Chromic Acid Dips and the following processes were re­ nitrous gases on transfer to subsequent The chromic acid dips developed by viewed. rinsing operation and that access of air, Dubpcmcll and Soderberg",8 overcame common in automatic handling, causes the tarnishing of cadmium-plated parts adit Dips for Copper and Its Alloys discoloration. To overcome this effect he packed closely together and provided Copper bronze and brass are frequently proposes the use of phosphoric acid in considerable passivity (“passivity” is 'ri-.ht dipned in a nitric sulphuric-muria­ the bath, his preferred bath composition m rd ihroughoct this paper to designate tic acid bath. Graham1 recommends for being 50 per cent ILSO,, 36 per cent the presence on a metal surface of }" k dipping as the final bright dip a UNO, and 14 per cent H.PO,. a visible or invisible film which re­ composition of 800 g/L ILSO, (Sp. gr. Adding chromic acid (Meyer and duces the reactivity of the surface in ‘ •84); 100 g /L UNO., (Sp. gr. 1.38; 2.5 Dunleavey1) to inhibit the evolution of any corrosive medium) which even has K'L HC1 (Sp. gr. 1.17); and 491 g /L nitrous gases (thus decreasing health some value in outdoor exposure.8 These I - at a maximum of 35° C (91° F). hazards) to reduce the reaction rate, dips contain, besides chromic acid, a rel­ II do’s dip the function of the liydro- makes it possible to transfer the dipped atively small amount of sulphuric, hydro­ c 1 oric acid is to decrease slightly the parts more slowly and with less drag-out chloric or nitric acids. With large amounts attack on the copper and to increase loss, and to passivate the metal. Their of the mineral acids a yellow to brown ! larPy die attack on zinc; nitric acid preferred solution contains 80 cc INSO,, protective film is formed which is known notions in the opposite manner. The 20 cc UNO.,, 1 cc HC1, 55-60 g CrO:, as “cronak” and has large commercial a ac on both alloy constituents increases and 200 cc of water. This type of bath use.” When applied under proper con­ 1 increasing sulphuric acid content up has been used widely during the war, ditions it can, if desired, be removed 0 a out 550 grams per liter, then de- cspcially in automatic operations. It is by either acid solutions of pH/2.68 or in aSeS aS ^*e su'phuric acid content is also particularly suitable for use on thin, alkali hydroxide solutions 4.25 N, leav­ ncr-ased further. Increasing temperature plated coatings. ing a brightened but active surface on uses the attack on copper to increase Following bright dips for zinc plate the zinc or the cadmium plate. arp y and that on zinc to decrease and cadmium plate are generally ad­ Preferred solutions, the use of which ‘S‘% up to about 50° C (122° F), justed" for operation at room temperature does not require after-treatment, are: 'c which the trends are reversed. The to produce the desired brightness on a for cadmium “rack work,” 100 g/L CrO,

May 13, 1946 109 and 1.67 g/L llvSO,; fpr cadmium “bar­ maintained at the relatively high initial in the electroplate are more likely to rel work” 100 g /L CrOs a n d value. cause discoloration of the final finish than 1 g/L H,S04. A suitable solution for Acidified hydrogen peroxide solutions in the case of the nitric acid bright dip brightening zinc plate contains 300 g/L are being used for bright dipping of on zinc and the chromic acid bright dip CrCX, and 5 g /L IT,SO,. Meyer and Dun- both cadmium11 and zinc1* plates. A num­ on either cadmium or zinc. leavey11 recommend for zinc 200 g/L ber of acids may be used for acidifica­ Stockton1* found that the oxy-acids of C r0 3 15 g/L Na.SO, and 52.5 g/L tion, including sulphuric, hydrochloric, the pentavalent halogens, especially 0.1 UNO,. Ostermann” uses a solution con­ perchloric, fluosilicic, formic acetic to 0.76 N bromic acid, brighten cadmium. taining, by weight, 25 per cent Cr03, dichloroacetic acids, as long as certain Bright Dip For Lead 10 per cent HC1 and 55 per cent ILO proportions are used. Preferred formulas for zinc alloys containing copper. He are; For cadmium, 7 per cent by volume It has been observed that the aqueous rinses in water and then immerses in a of 30 per cent HaO, with 0.3 per cent solution containing 3.5 per cent by volume 10 per cent chromium trioxide solution by volume ILSO, (Sp. gr. 1.84)1*; for of 30 per cent hydrogen peroxide and until the slight coloring that is zinc8 4 per cent by weight 11,0, and 0.25 3.5 per cent by volume of glacial acetic produced in the first solution has disap­ per cent by weight HaSO,. acid, when used as a dropping-test re­ agent for lead plate17, causes periodic peared. The hydrogen peroxide bright dips brightening and darkening of the lead. The reactions during bright dipping have the advantage that the reaction prod­ in chromic acid solutions include the ucts are water and tire metal salts, which It is possible that a slight decrease of the acid content would give a satisfactory formation of the salts of the metal and latter can be tolerated in large amounts. chromic salts, the accumulation of both However, the passivation afforded is bright dip. REFERENCES of which can be tolerated as long as the less pronounced than that produced in ’A. K. Graham, Trans. Elcctrochem. Soc. 52, chromium trioxide content of the dip is chromic acid solutions. Also, impurities 289 (1927). 3E. S. Hedges, "Protective Films on Metals,” 2nd E d., pp. 126-133, 11. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. (1935). aL. O. Larsen, U. S. Pat. 1,984,534 (Dec. 15, 1934). 4W. R. Meyer and M. F. Dunleavy, U. S. Pat. 2,172,171 (Sept. 5, 1940); \V. R. Meyer, Proc. Am. Electroplaters’ Soc. 1939, 85. °G. A. Ganser, U. S. Pat. 1,816,837 (Aug. 4, 19 3 1 ). rGustaf Soderberg, Trans. Elcctrochem. Soc. 62, 315 (1932). TR. O. Hull and C. J. W emlund, Trans. Elec- trochem. Soc. 80, 419 (1941); "Modem Elec­ troplating," p. 371, New York, N. Y. (1942). ’’George Dubpcm cll and Gustaf Soderberg, U. S. Pat. 2,021,592 (Nov. 19, 1935); 2,- 186,479 (Jan . 9, 1 9 4 0 ); 2,194,498 (March 26, 1940). pGustaf Soderberg, Trans. Elcctrochem. Soc. 82, 71 (1942). I0E. J. Wilhelm, U. S. Pat. 2,035,380 (March 24, 1936). UW. It. Meyer and M. F, Dunlcavey, U. S. Pat. 2,088,492 (July 27, 1937). 13F. Ostermann, U. S. Pat. 2,125,458 (Aug. 2, 19 3 8 ). 13R. J. Kcpfcr, U. S. Pat. 2,154,455 (April 18, 1939); F. F. Oplinger, No. 2,154,468 (April 18, 1939). HR. O. Hull, U. S. Pat. 2,154,451 (April 18, 1939); F. F. Oplinger, 2,154,469 (April 18. 1939). 1SG. Soderberg and L . R. Westbrook, Trans. Etectrochcm. Soc. 80, 438 (1 9 4 1 ); "Modern Electroplating,” p. 110, New York, N. V- (1 9 4 2 ). >'D. B. Stockton, U. S. Pat. 2,070,871 (Feb. 16, 19 3 7 ). 17A.S.T.M. Designation; ES-31, Am. Soc. Testing Materials, Standards, Part I, 1944, 1061- P. A. Jacquet, Trans. Electrochem. Soc. 69,629 (1 9 3 6 ). N. B. Pilling and R. E . Bedwortb, J. Inst. Metals, 29,529 (1923). Arthur Kutzel- nigg, Z. Electrochem. 39, 67 (1933). The Udylite Corp., Chicago. New Fluorescent Fixture Directs Light Up and Down A new fluorescent fixture which directs 40 per cent of the light from its two 46- SEMIAUTOMATIC TIRE BUILDER; Bead setters have just moved out of watt lamps upward to the ceiling and the way, and the automatic stitchers have come into position to make 60 per cent downward is said to gi'e the "turn u p " of first and second plies of an auto tire on this tire- efficient illumination with low fixture building machine shown in operation at Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., brightness, according to its maker, Curtis Akron. Machine is said to enable tires to be built up to a point of Lighting, Inc., 6135 West 65th street, vulcanization at a 50 per cent faster rate with a reduction in operator Chicago 38. Reflectors, louver fins and physical energy. Photoelectric and electronic devices activate machine's canopy are of aluminum and winng automatic operations channel, end plates and hanger stems are of steel.

/TE EL 110 Finer Screw Machine Products Are M ade of Steel Shipped from the GENSCO Warehouse

Shown above are a few of the many products made of cold finished screw stock shipped from our warehouse to GENSCO customers. For fast, smooth-flowing production use GENSCO cold finished Screw Stock.

Cold Roiled Strip Steel — Coils and Straight Lengths • Sheet Steel • Cold Finished Bars Shafting • Tempered and Annealed Spring Steel • Round Edge Flat Wire • Round Wires Shim Stee! • Aircraft Strip Steel • Feeler Gauge • Drill Rod • Steel Balls

GENERAL STEEL WAREHOUSE CO., INC. 1830 N. Kostner Avenue, Chicago 39, III., Belmont 42 66 Cincinnati 2 Milwaukee 2 St. Louis 5 Minneapolis 11 v «nderhn I0n Ave* 12 00 Times Star Bldg. 208 E. Wisconsin Ave. 9301 Bonbomme Rd. 10 0 -17tb Ave., North »-2730 Cherry 0691 Broadway 76 2 9 Wydown 1368 Cherry 4457

MaV 13, 1946 m Welded Stainless many of these applications, 18-8 steels pact value the fact that the alloy has with carbon below 0.07 per cent have a higher carbon and lower chromium (Concluded from Page 94) been recommended when the service and nickel composition. pheric down to that of liquid air, was such that a higher carbon steel Problem of the susceptibility of 18-8 photomicroscopy, etc., covering t h e with a slower dissociation rate could chromium-nickel steels to intergranular several grades of materials in question, have been used to better advantage. corrosion as a result of carbide pre­ both jn the unwelded and the welded Also, the low carbon steels are more cipitation is said by Brick and Phillips* conditions. expensive to make and their general use to have been either solved for most Referring to the chromium-nickel must eventually place them in a higher commercial applications by additions of austenitic stools, W. B. Miller1 states price class. elements more powerful than chromium that under severe conditions this alloy It has been shown by E. C. Bain, in carbide-forming properties, or mini­ will corrode at the junction of base R. H. Abom, and J. J. B. Rutherford3, mized by maintaining the carbon below metal and weld regardless of the method that the austenitic stainless steel suf­ the solubility limit in the precipitation used for making the joint. This condi­ fers definite loss of mechanical proper­ range (below 0.08 per cent in Type tion is attributed to the effect of carbide ties with the formation of a new phase; 304). precipitation, which occurs in the heat- the precipitation of the carbides in- The impact strength of 18-8 chro­ mium-nickel steels is not affected by holding the steels for a short time at HARDNESS AND IMPACT OF 18-8 AFTER LONG HEATING 1000°, 1200° and 1450° F, but after several hundred hours a decrease in Time at 1000° F impact is obtained with a corresponding Carbon 1 Hr 980 Hr 1971 Hr increase in hardness, states Scharschu". His results show that a maximum change Per cent Brincli Izod Brinell Izod Brincli Izod 0.07 131 112 135 112 121 107 takes place as indicated in the accom­ 0.09 119 111 135 110 131 106 panying table; impact values obtained 0.11 131 112 149 108 143 106 0.17 143 113 143 103 163 107 after 17,000 hr at 1200° F on the same steels were practically the same as thosu Time at 1200° F given in the table for 3068 hr. 1 Hr 2059 Hr 3068 Hr REFERENCES 0.07 119 113 135 104 131 107 >E. E . Tlium, The Book of Stainless Steels, 0.09 139 112 137 100 131 98 chapt. 7 -A, by W. B. Miller, pp. 175, Amen- 0.11 135 109 168 43 163 30 can Societv for Metals, 1935. 3E. E. Thum, The Book of Stainless Steels, 0.17 136 114 190 35 197 35 chapt. 14-A, by Charles A. Scharschu, pp. 3S2. 3E. E . Thum, The Book of Stainless Steels, Time at 1450° F chapt. l-l-B, by E. C. Bain, R. H. Abom, and J. J. B. Rutherford, pp. 394. 1 Hr 1390 Hr 2387 Hr *E. E . Thum, The Book of Stainless Steels, chapt. 14-A, by Charles A. Scharschu, pp. 376. 0.07 133 96 126 93 r,Brick and Phillips, Structure and Properties 0.09 126 113 131 90 131 108 of Alloys, pp. 216, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 143 0.11 113 164 57 170 56 1942. 0.17 162 113 177 66 179 63 •E . E . Thum, The Book of Stainless Steels, chapt. 14-A, by Charles A. Scharschu, pp. 381. affected zone. However, effect of weld- creases the strength of the steel but re­ Lubrication Problems in ing heat is considerably reduced in al­ duces its plasticity and impact strength. loys of carbon content below 0.06 per Impact tests reported by Union Carbide Cartoon Presentation cent, and subsequent annealing may be and Carbon Research Laboratories* on Alemite Answers, cloth, 223 pages, omitted for service in moderately severe a steel of 0.088 per cent carbon, 18.51 514 x 814 inches; published by Alemite corrosive solutions. It is also stated that per cent chromium, and 9.65 per cent Division, Stewart-Warner Corp., 18-6 Diversey Parkway, Chicago 14, for v^>- alloys containing 0.12 per cent carbon nickel, water quenched from 2000° F, Man’s age-long struggle with friction without stabilizing additions (columbium, revealed that standard Izod test pieces is the subject of a book by the Alemite titanium, etc.) m a y be satisfactorily bent but did not break when subjected Division of Stewart-Warner Corp. R ¡s welded and will withstand many mildly to the test at temperatures ranging from a graphic presentation, with illustrations corrosive conditions Without heat treat­ room temperature to minus 300° F. of hydrocarbons cavorting in animated ment. If the welds are subjected to Impact values given for these specimens movie style and cutaway views of bear­ severe corrosion conditions, they should are 113-119 ft-lb; it was also noted that ings and other friction points to demon­ bo heat-treated at approximately 1850- no further change occurred in the strate in laymen’s pictures and terms the 1900° F. samples even after remaining at minus how, when, what, where and why ° Austenite of both the low and high 300° F for 65 hr, whether tested at that lubrication. carbon 18-8 steels, states C. A. Scliar- temperature or after warming to room scliu, will undergo dissociation when temperature. Note, however, that these The authors believe the era has passul hold for sufficient time at 800-1500° F, specimens were water quenched from when rule of thumb procedures governed although it appears that a much shorter 2000° F. lubrication practice and that today lubri­ time is required for the higher carbon A steel which analyzed 0.13 carbon, cation is a science founded on logic® steels. But when the time for heating 17.80 chromium, and 7.97 nickel was analysis, guided by research ®nc and cooling through the range takes also tested. The Izod impact strength tempered by experience. only a few minutes, as in a welding reported by Scharschu for this stainless The book as well as its style of Pr^ operation, very little dissociation takes steel is 118 ft-lb as a bend at room tem­ sentation owes its origin and much o place. These compositions may there­ perature whereas it broke at minus 300° its contents to Alemite’s experience > ^ fore be used without subsequent anneal F at 82 ft-lb. Scharschu offers as a preparing lubrication training materia for many welding components. For possible explanation of this loss in im­ for the armed services during the "ar.

112 / T E E 1 P b :ecLôLon

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT SURFACE AND TOLERANCE

® A Universal Precision Casting has a fine, smooth COST AND EXPERIENCE surface and in most cases is so close to final dimensions Large runs on our production line bases compare as to require only a simple buffing operation before favorably with other methods. Facilities are available plating. Precision castings with even surfaces either elim­ at minimum cost in pilot line methods to prove experi­ inate all machining or reduce machining to a minimum mental designs. of light operations such as reaming or tapping. This Our technical staff has perhaps the largest combined results in speeding up production through your plant experience in the manufacture of precision castings, in addition to lowering cost of production. and Universal is one of the oldest producers. Plant and methods have been progressing since organized in 1934: d e s ig n s a n d a u o y s Send your specifications to us for quotations. Precision castings oflcr the design and production engineers greater flexibility in making possible intricate designs internally and externally and to produce parts that in other methods would be impracticable. Cast­ ings illustrated indicate intricate possibilities. A generous range of nonferrous alloys are employed, offering a choice of coppcr-zinc brass, manganese bronze, beryllium copper, silicon bronze, nickel brass, aluminum bronze, and aluminum. These alloys have been selected for their high stress, corrosion resistance, and high strength.

•May 13, 1946 113 but under the direction and supervision of the dock company few, if any, com­ plaints have arisen. Prior to the middle 80’s the present dock was operated by the Erie Railroad through the medium of a labor con- liactor, the company doing all of the business and the contractor furnishing tire necessary labor for doing the work, which at that time was mostly done by hand. The dock was originally equipped with a horse operated hoist whereby a horse on one end of a rope raised a buck­ et of ore from the hold of the boat. The ore was transferred to a wheelbarrow, wheeled across a temporary staging and dumped on the ore pile on the dock. Later a donkey engine displaced the horse hoist, and still later a cable tram­ MILLIONS of tons of iron ore have modernization is underway at the docks way arrangement was used, both to hoist been handled by the Erie .Railroad at its including the installation of a new 17- the ore and transport it to the pile. docks in Cleveland and large storage ton Hulett built by the Wellman En­ In 1888 the NYP £c O Dock Co. was New 17-ton Hulett unloader is yard at North Randall, O., located about gineering Co., Cleveland. When the pro­ incorporated, and a lease made of this being installed at Cleveland 11 miles south of Cleveland. Ore docks gram is completed the three Huletts will dock by the Erie Railroad and its associ­ of tile Erie are located in the old river docks. Brown machines long handle all the ore unloaded at the docks. ate railroad companies to the NYP & O bed of the Cuyahoga river connecting Boat owners prefer this type unloading in service will be dismantled. Dock Co. with the main channel near the New York machine inasmuch as the control of buck­ Central railroad about 16-mile away. Prior to 1902 there was no automatic Early methods employed in et movement causes little or no damage machinery whatever. The ore was shov­ Tugs are employed to get the ore boats to the hatch sides of the boats. At transferring iron ore from the from Lake Erie to the docks. eled from the hold of the boat into steel these docks it has been found that one buckets of 1 ton capacity each, and these hold of wooden sailing vessels Present facilities consist of four Brown Hulett will handle the same amount of Hoist and two Huleit type unloading were hoisted in rotation by the Brown to the docks and thence to ore as two Brown machines. When the bridges, carried back and dumped into machines with a maximum capacity of new Hulett is ready for operation the cars or onto the piles as the caso might storage is related in detail. 1500 tons of iron ore an hour. Buckets four Brown machines, which have been be. In addition to the men in the hold, on the Brown machines handle 7 tons Many complex problems are in service for 40 years, will be retired. the common laborers on the dock, known and on the Huletts 17 tons each. The involved in piling various At the Erie’s North Randall storage as pinchers and dumpers, were paid at average time required to move a bucket yard a car dumper handles 200 cars of grades of ore <>f ore with a Brown machine from the an hourly rate for the time they worked iron ore per 24 hours, or a total of 10,- in moving cars up and down the track, hold of a vessel to the hopper of the ma­ 000 tons. When unloaded the different chine is about 40 sec with a Hulett cleaning up the dock, dumping the buck­ grades are piled separately by an ore 1 min. ets, and such other functions as were bridge which has capacity for handling necessary. The superintendent of th" For continuous full' capacity operation, 9000 tons per 24 hours. dock at that time was a man who had the four Brown machines' will handle'the Many consignees receive iron ore grown up from foreman and gang boss. same amount of ore as the two Huletts shipped over the Erie docks. Each con­ His ability was confined almost entirely >‘t oil short boats it is not practical to signee has different grades of ore, and to handling that particular type of labor, all y six machines. About two-thirds these must be kept on separate piles to among whom the use of liquor was not o the. boats are now handled with two avoid mixing. The problem is to organ­ ‘ tuletts and two Browns. This is on the restricted. ize -so that there will be no loss to the basis of 61 per cent for the Huletts and About 1900 the first attempt at labor- furnace operator and the railroad com­ saving machinery came about when two / )er eent for the four Brown units, pany. In the early stages of ore han­ steam shovels were purchased for re­ t present, however, a program of dling there was considerable confusion, loading ore on the dock, both at Cleve- Fig. 1—Girder of the new Hulett upon which the bucket trolley operates being lowered in place

Fig. 2—New 17-ton Hulett unloading ma­ chine in the process of assembly

Fig. 3—Erie Railroad dock, Cleveland, as it appeared in 1SS7. Four Brown unloading machines handled the ore from the sailing vessels to stockpile

May 13 1946 land and North Randall. This proved showed considerable improvement over wore the means of avoiding overloading to be a distinct improvement, especially steam shovels, and an additional trestle which frequently occurred when the ore at North Randall where the loading had was built to increase the storage there. was dumped direct from the machine all been done by shoveling the ore direct The liquor question which bad caused so into the car and the weight estimated. into cars. much disturbance was well under con­ At the time these machines were installed During the period of 1897 to 1901 no trol. Night work had been organized. a power house also was constructed, mod­ distinct advances were made in the art Strikes were still frequent and disturb­ ern in every particular, and up until the as far as the NYP & O dock was con­ ing, but were often prevented and usu­ season of 1923 the current for the opera­ cerned, except that some of the old ally better handled. tion of the dock machines was generated Brown machines were repaired and re­ by this power house. Since 1923, how­ Additional Unloaders Built newed, and the front legs were raised to ever, power has been furnished by the get them over larger boats. During these In 1906 it was decided to build ad­ City of Cleveland Light & Power. years the old ships, such as tire “Mary ditional automatic unloaders. A con­ In 1908 the storage capacity of the McGregor”, “Hackett”, “Geo. T. Hope”, tract was made with the Brown Hoisting Randall docks was about 750,000 tons, “Pease” and “Planet” and other old crafts Machinery Co., Cleveland, for four 5- the ore being dumped through trestles of the early type were still largely en­ ton man trolley plants electrically oper­ and reloaded into cars by steam shovels gaged in die ore trade. Cargoes of less ated. Tírese were the most modern units and locomotive cranes. than 1000 tons were not infrequent, and of their kind which had been built. A In 1910 plans were devised for an those from 1000 to 2000 tons were of contract also was made with Hoover & almost daily occurrence. Mason for one additional unloader. One ore storage plant embodying all of the In 1901 the first real advancement to­ of the innovations was the incorporating best experiences of the blast furnace com­ ward automatic unloading was made in each machine a bin of 200 -tons ca­ panies and other ore docks. Contract was let to the Wellman-Seaver-Morgan when the NYP & O Dock Co. contracted pacity to permit a continuous operation with Hoover & Mason, Chicago, for the of tire unloaders during temporary pe­ Co., Cleveland, for a new car dumper, and with Heyl & Patterson, Pittsburgh, construction of three automatic bucket riods of car shortage. These bins were unloaders of 5 tons each. These ma­ hung on scales whereby die weight of for a 10 ton man-trolley ore bridge, and chines were erected and put into opera­ the cur was accurately determined as before the close of navigation in that tion in the fall of 1902. loaded. These scales were among the year they were put in operation. In 1906 a new chapter in the history early types devised for dris purpose. By Ore Bridge Destroyed of the NYP & O Dock Co. commenced. this arrangement the weighing of the ore Locomotive cranes or crib buckets were was much simplified and more correct On March 25, 1911, the bridge was put in service at North Randall, which weights were secured. The scales also destroyed by dynamite by the Structural Iron Workers, who were at that time on a strike throughout the country. Con­ tract for the rebuilding of the bridge was let to Heyl & Patterson and the work was completed four months later. With the advent of the bridge and car dumper, the old trestles, steam shovels and loco­ motive crane were dispensed with, and all ore for storage was handled by the car dumper and the bridge. Capacity of the new yard at Randall is 1,000,000 tons, having been extended two or three times since its original construction. Operation of the docks by an outside company is generally a universal cus­ tom, inasmuch as dock companies handle the ore more advantageously than the railroad organization. Many complex problems are connected with the han­ dling of ore and unless there is an experi­ enced organization in charge throughout the year many difficulties may be cre­ ated by the failure on the part of the organization to properly distribute the ore in storing it on the different piles. Mixture of one ore with another would create disaster at the furnaces, resulting in large claims against the railroad com­ pany. The ore mining business owing to the demand of consumers has been SHINES 'EM: This automatic rotary buffing setup is supplemented by developed to such an extent that there cam-operated sprayer which at intervals renews the buffing mixture is now mined and sold from the mines applied to the wheels. After a full revolution of table, deep-drawn cups in Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin shown are polished mirror-bright from top to flange by a glue and grain over 300 different grades of iron ore, a mixture prepared by J. J. Siefen Co., Detroit, and known as Nu-Spra-Glu. of which are carefully graded as to ® Cam, right foreground, is tripped by lug on table to open air valve con­ chemical and physical composition, anc taining mixture; automatic gun is at center, rear. There is little waste bought accordingly by the consumer as practically ail material is sprayed directly on the wheel and stays put who must know the exact chemica an alysis. Shippers, therefore, are vita

/ T E E 1 116 of lowering production costs proven top charging design

The that interval between heats. The furnace raised and swung aside by the operator moving one valve bucket places a full charge . .. hydraulic power returns position and the furnace is ready to begin melting again, three to five minute, power off to power on interval pounds produced per man hour with the top-charge furnace type.

Lectromelt Furnaces are available in capacities ranging from 100 tons down to 250 pounds.

PITTSBURGH LECTROMELT FURNACE CORPORATION

PITTSBURGH..30..PENNA. cargoes contain more dian one grade of ore. These are separated from each other sometimes by a bulkhead or often merely by leaving one hatch empty, and it is from this condition that the danger arises of the ores becoming mixed while being unloaded. There is no way of telling from observation the chemical con­ stituents of the ores, and it is only by constant watchfulness and a thorough understanding of the consequences that the consumer receives the right ore. A mixture of other ores or foreign material makes his product undesirable and may entail a large loss to him. When railroads attempted to operate these docks it was found they lacked training along the proper lines, having no knowledge of conditions surrounding the handling of ore, nor could they ac­ quire this knowledge without going through a course of training similar to that of the dock companies. This train­ ing takes years. Benefits accruing to the railroads due to the contracting of Small Parts Produced Automatically by the docks to the dock companies are many. All of the docks have been oper­ ated on the open-shop plan since 1908, with absolute authority resting with the LATHE management of the dock companies to hire or discharge men as it sees fit, pay whatever wages in its estimation are jus­ ATTACHMENTS tified, and to insist on the proper obser­ vation of such rules as it deems advis­ A LATIIE attachment for produc­ arms operate on hardened and preci­ able to employ. If, under the present ing small parts that require only form sion ground pivots instead of slides, conditions, a strike is called on the rail­ or cutoff operations is completely eliminating need for frequent adjust­ roads, tire dock companies are involved automatic and can be installed with­ ment. Stock is automatically fed in no way, but would continue to oper­ out drilling holes. Made by Dunn through a tube into a collet by feed ate, and owing to their vital position in Engineering Co., 6341 Lyndon avenue, fingers. Moving stock stop determines the chain of the iron and steel industry, Detroit, it is designed for attachment length of part to be cut off. Closing have an immense effect on the other to either the Atlas or Logan lathe. It of collet, also an automatic operation, links in Uiis chain. may be removed at will and lathe is timed to coincide with start of This article was prepared from information restored to normal service. operation of work tools. lecured from early files of the Erie flailroad Co. and made available by its operating de­ Attachment employs face cams to Power for Dunmatic attachment, partment. control operation of rocker arms, shown in accompanying illustration, which in turn controls operation of is taken from standard lathe lead Low Grade Ore Processing form or cut-off tools. Either circular screw. It is transmitted by a roller or flat form tools or a combination of chain through a steel worm and bronze Described in Report both may be used, type depending worm gear, providing efficient and A war-developed process for benefi- upon volume of production. Rocker quiet operation. ciation of chromite concentrates from low-grade chrome-ore deposits in Mon­ tana is described in detail in a newly interested in seeing that their customers are trusted by blast furnace interests to released Bureau of Mines publication. receive the ores which they purchase show proper regard to die careful han­ The "roasting and leaching” process con­ ever keeping in mind that it only takes dling of the ore as it passes over the sists of heating chromite with carbon in a small amount of ore foreign to those dock. It is at this point in its journey a kiln to reduce ore’s iron content to a on which the burden is calculated to from the mines to the furnaces that the semimetallic state. The iron thus becomes disarrange proper working of fumace. greatest loss can be incurred by reason soluble in dilute sulphuric acid, and much Vessels carrying the ore from the up­ of improper management. While some of it can be removed leaving an insoluble per lakes, and railroads carrying it to similar conditions apply to the upper lake residue enriched in chromium. its destination come into direct contact docks as they do to the unloading docks The report covers preliminary investi­ with the unloading docks, so that it can in regard to the danger of the ore be­ gations and results of pilot plant opera­ be readily seen that the unloading docks coming mixed, a final analysis of the ore tions in detail. A free copy of report of constitute a community of interest to all is not made until the boat is unloaded, investigations 3834, "Beneficiation of connected with the production and trans­ and any mixture made prior to that time Montana Chromite Concentrates by portation of the ore and its conversion becomes known before it works harm Roasting and Leaching,” may be ob­ into the finished product. Dock com­ to the consumer. panies by reason of their organization tained from Bureau of Mines, Depart­ A large percentage of the individual ment of Interior, Washington. 118 f t EEL r* • ***** » h * **u

K v ? 'i m «y» * * V. *Ą

C h a i n b y LINK-BELT tested for service

You can be sure that Chain by Link-Belt will meet every requirement of performance. De­ sign, material, workmanship must meet rig­ orous operating tests before the chain is *'SS" Class Steel Roller Chain. A permitted to become a part of your installa­ strong, durable chain for conveyors and elevators, tion. Built to the highest standard of quality with a wide variety of attach­ ments for practically any conveying or elevating needs. . . . and tested to meet these standards . . . Chain by Link-Belt will give you trouble-free service throughout the years. Class Long.Pitch Engineering Chain. For cpron and flight conveyors, bucket LINK-BELT COMPANY e evators, carriers, and similar applications, Chicago 9, Indianapolis 6, Philadelphia 40, Atlanta, Dallas 1, Minneapolis 5, nerever heavy loads are carried at slow speeds. San Francisco 24, Los Angeles 33, Seattle 4, Toronto 8. Offices, Factory Branch Stores and Distributors in Principal Cities.

Clock Type end Draw ~ench. Slow speed __ L IN K '» BE LT / f lns °* high tensile strength, ... drawing, steel transfer, and u haul service. Usually furnished riveted. CHAINS AND SPROCKETS for conveyors • for drives • for power transmission

“SS” Class Short Pitch. For medium and heavy duty drives; made with offset or straight side pars; with or without bush­ Silverlrnk Finished Steel Roller ings or rollers. Chain for drives and conveyors.

Ma>’ 13, I94ß Valve stem ends TOCCO-hardened to depth of */n", Hardness of 50 Rockwell “C " accu­ rately controlled.

300 AXLE SHAFT BEARING RACES PER HOUR. Hardens axle bearing to 62 Rockwell *'C”. Eliminates inner race formerly pressed on. Gives 2000 PISTON PINS PER HOUR. Con­ 50% more strength. tinuous hardening of carburized piston pins to 62 Rockwell “C”. Pins TOCCO-hardened free of distortion and scale.

100 ROCKER SHAFTS PER HOUR. TOCCO-hardened at six areas per 500 DISTRIBUTOR CAMS PER HOUR. shaft. TOCCO fixture accommodates Cam surfaces TOCCO-hardened to shafts to In length, having 62 Rockwell MC” after assembly 1 4 " 3 6 " 6 to 12 hardened areas. No scale or eliminating copper plating. distortion. FOR TODAY'S TEMPO: Get this SPEED and VERSATILITY with a Standard TOCCO Unit

Speedy, accurate TOCCO Induction Hardening enables you to produce better products, faster, at a fraction of the cost of conventional heat-treating. One manufacturer gets such results for 142 different parts . . . with one standard TOCCO machine! Fixtures are readily changed, permitting quick tool-up to suit the job. Find out how TOCCO’s speed and versatility can help solve y o u r problems and save y o u money. “Results with TOCCO free for the asking.

THE OHI O CRANKSHAFT COMPANY • C l e v e l a n d T, Ohio

INDUCTION

HARDENING, BRAZING

ANNEALING, HEATING SEMIAUTOMATIC pusher-tray fur­ nace for uniform heating and cooling has been developed by W. S. Rockwell Co., Fairfield, Conn., for heat treating large . . . features automatic work cycle cast steel truck rear axle housings. Fur­ that charges parts, exposes them to nace is designed to heat castings to 1650° F, holding them at that tempera­ heat for predetermined period, re­ ture for 1 hour, then discharging them moves treated parts on an individual tray to enable them to cool uniformly in still air. Thus every 12 min one tray containing its load en­ ters the heating zone of the furnace and one casting is discharged. Total nor­ which simultaneously causes both doors mately 350 lb. Exposure of castings in­ malizing time is 48 min in heating zone, to be raised, cutting in pusher at charg­ dividually to heat treatment is said to and 60 min in holding zone. ing end and pullers at the discharge end. produce a more uniform grain size, Heating chamber of furnace is approx­ As pusher moves tray of work forward, marked reduction of scale and appre­ imately 15 ft long and 6 ft 5 in. wide. it trips a limit switch which causes pull­ ciable savings in subsequent machining It has heating and holding zones, the ers to pull out the load, as shown in time. Hard spots, often due to uneven higher zone being at charging end. A photo at right above; as forward edge of heating and cooling of large masses of series of proportioning mixer burners, pulled-out tray reaches a certain point, work, are eliminated. After receiving a utilizing natural gas, fires from both it trips an electric eye which cuts in a drawing heat treatment, the axle castings sides of furnace above and below work time-delay relay to close discharge door. wall withstand a load of 70,000 psi be­ me. This provides fine heat distribu­ On return stroke pusher trips a limit fore breaking. tion, eliminating areas of high heat dens- switch to close charging doors. Hydrau­ Attention of an experienced heat treat- ■t>. Heat input for each zone is con­ lic pump then is shut off to complete er is not necessary. Castings are loaded trolled automatically by separate record­ mechanical cycle. individually on tray at charging end by ing Potentiometer pyrometers. Cooling rack is long enough to hold means of a monorail and hoist, and like­ Feature of the operation is manner several trays of castings, allowing suf­ wise removed after cooling—a job easily m which work cycle progresses automat­ ficient time for cooling before being tak­ done by the ordinary worker. ically. This is accomplished by a sys­ en away. Work progresses through fur­ Fumace also is used for normalizing tem which co-ordinates a time clock nace on cast grid type trays moving on on trays miscellaneous steel and alloy w the complete actuating mechanism three roller rails. Trays, roller rails, dog steel castings such as pump bodies, valve to raise fumace doors, discharge heated puller heads and other metal parts which bodies, cylinders and agricultural ma­ "ork, push in new charge, photo at left have to resist the high temperature are chinery parts of all sizes and shapes in a °s e, and lower doors in accordance of Misco alloys. progressive movement through the fur­ 'V1~. a Prodetermined operating program, Fumace is designed to handle cast­ nace with the same controlled heating ime clock turns on a hydraulic pump ings 64 to 66 in. long, weighing approxi­ quality.

May 13, 1946 121 K B p m j fi * a o gray iron which permits smooth, true bores which can be honed to a mirror finish, assuring uniform flow of power \ ■ with minimum friction. Four automo­ mi i tive type piston rings contribute to posi­ 1 sa J ► M L i ML tive operation. Ju I Alloy cast iron end covers may be rotated on barrel to place vent ports at speed of speed work drive and traverse Crank Pin Grinder the top, bottom or either side. Alter­ motors. Two ammeters enable the oper­ nate pipe tap locations, tapped and plug­ NVjth development ul 40 x 216 111. Type ator to accurately determine whether ged, are also provided. Cover attach­ B hydraulic crank pin grinder by Landis crankshaft is correctly balanced before ment holes are standard on all models, Tool Co., Waynesboro, Pa., it is*possible grinding. making covers completely interchange­ to grind pins and main bearings of large Steel 5 /13/46; Item No. 9053 able, and permitting a wide range of marine and locomotive diesel engine combination mountings. crankshafts accurately on a high produc­ Hydraulic Cylinders Synthetic “O” ring gaskets are used tion basis. A dual work drive arrange­ to provide a permanently leak-proof seal ment eliminates or minimizes objection­ Maximum power without leakage and between the cylinder barrel and end able torsion deflection in crankshaft. lasting accuracy of bore dimensions re­ covers. Power is transmitted from each work sult from the centrifugal-cast barrels of Steel 5/13/36; Item No. 9205 drive motor through a combination mul­ the improved “Rotocast” hydraulic cy­ tiple V-belt and silent chain reduction linders, announced by Logansport Ma­ unit to a drive shaft extending along en- chine Co. Inc., Logansport, Ind. Precision G a ge Kit Designed for production checking in the small shop, a new gage kit, Producto- Chek, is developed by DoAll Co., Minne­ apolis. It consists of a number of instru­ ments used in conjunction with gage blocks for quickly setting up practically any type inspection gage. Dial indicating snap gages, plain bench, dual bench, angle and square compara­ tors, precision height and depth gages,

tire front of machine. Speed of the work These cylinders are adapted for a wide drive motors is synchronized electrically. range of operations involving pushing, Jogging handwheel on drive shaft in clamping, lifting, forcing, holding, pul­ front of each head enables operator to ling, pressing and other power move­ readily rotate work in order to engage ments in any direction, permitting im­ fixture aligning latches. Work heads may proved product efficiency with lower and a series of go-no-go snap gages of be moved longitudinally on work table. operating cost, on new or old equip­ any size up to 18 in. besides plug and in Work spindle bearings are automatically ment. ternal gages of any size in graduations of flood lubricated with a bull's-eye gage at Built for operating pressures to 1500 0.0001-in. can be quickly made up from front of each head. psi, Rotocast cylinders are offered in the set. Interchangeable throw blocks, top half Feature of the kit is a set of wires o of which is floating type for final clamp­ various diameters lapped to the accuracy ing purposes of crankshafts have vary­ of gage blocks and used as plug gages- ing end main bearing diameters. Conven­ The Producto-Chek gage kit weighs tional work rest supports shaft at each end 40 lb and is housed in a hardwood 20 x and a special rest supports center main 10 x 4 in. box. bearing. Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9126 Shoulder grinding attachment is sup­ plied for grinding crankshaft cheeks. Con­ Electronic Switch trol is by means of a handwheel which allows grinding to be done from either 7 mounting types, 3 piston rod models A new electronic switch unit has been left to right or right to left, amount of and 9 standard bores and may be used designed by United Cinephone Corp., movement being Vt-in. for water-treated service but if untreated Torrington, Conn., to meet the deman A desk, for centralized electrical con­ water must be used cylinders of special for • a switch which can be used in e trol has pushbuttons for various electric material can be supplied. presence of explosive gases. The new motors and field rheostats used to adjust Barrels are cast from close-grained model, designated as No. 8336, uses

(Ail claims are those of respective manufacturers; for additimal information fill in and return the coupon on page 128.)

122 / T E E 1 and Reduce 86 Werries fa 1

A TRUE STORY ABOUT MODERN CENTRALIZED LUBRICATION

I N A WELL-KNOWN PLANT a battery Alemite Systems are adaptable to almost of 7 stamping presses totaling 86 every type of light and heavy machine bearings is positively, safely lubricated used in the steel industry. Cranes, straight- from one central point while the presses eners, tables, shears, blast furnaces, bloom­ are producing. It’s a typical example of ing mills, structural mills, rolling mills, how Alemite Centralized Lubrication steps levelers, etc. They can be installed for op machine efficiency and productiveness. manual or automatic operation on present equipment, or built into new machines as How Alemite Centralized System s original equipment. The over-all savings Can Benefit You can enable you to amortize an Alemite System in as little as 3 months. You assure “barrel-to-bearing” applica­ Alemite Dual Manifold Have an Alemite Lubrication Specialist Feeder Valve • Fully hy­ tion of uncontaminated lubricants. demonstrate Centralized Lubrication right draulic • Only 2 moving You end bearing failures and shut-down units in valve • No springs, at your desk with transparent working no check valves • Indicator at each valve • due to faulty lubrication. models. Call the Alemite Distributor near­ Lubricant delivery easily adjustable • Heavy You abolish human error and reduce est you, or write Alemite, 1879 Diversey duty construction: hardened steel piston • Available with 2, 6, 8 and 10 bearing outlets. accidents. Parkway, Chicago 14, Illinois. You gain More Productive Time per tnachine. You save lubricant, repair costs, and make machines last longer. ALEMITERIG# V.*. PAT. Off. You can safely, positively lubricate hun­ Alemite ALONE Combines a ll3 in Lubrication dreds of bearings from one central point without stopping machines. I. EQUIPMENT 2. PROCEDURES 3. LUBRICANTS 123 May 13, 1946 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT relay with hermetically sealed contacts. drive is available in several forms to fully supports attached gear box during These switches are used primarily for meet requirements of new or existing in­ the entire ram travel. pressureless limit switching floatless con­ stallations. It also can be used in com­ Spindle rotation is electrically controlled trol of liquid levels and to elimination bination with synchronous motors to through a swiveling pendant which con­ of contact arcs and welds. No maintenance provide power factor correction. tains switches for starting and stopping, beyond replacing the type 2050 Thyra- Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9182 forward or reverse, inching, and spindle ton tube at infrequent intervals is re­ brake. All controls for spindle and boring quired. Five-Position Switch feeds from 35 to 1400 rpm are placed Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9195 in the self-contained spindle head. Bor­ General Control Co., 1200 Soldiers ing and threading feed changes are effec­ Tapping Machine Field road, Boston, announces a new ted through pick-off gears located under model MCF 5-position cam-lever switch a cover in the spindle head. Cleveland Tapping Machine Co., 3610 featuring single hole mounting of switch All operating movements of the ma­ Superior avenue, Cleveland, oilers a chine can be controlled to 0.0001 in. horizonal, combination drilling and tap­ through built-in dial indicators. A four- ping machine for liigh production drilling position stop on the spindle ram facilit­ and tapping of extra long pieces, up to 96 ates step boring operations. in. long, with only one handling. Work Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9076 piece is loaded against a stop, automatic­ Fixture Clamp Fixture clamp, a self-contained clamp, applicable to most clamping operations, is now offered along with the Cone-Lok unit by N. A. Woodworth Co., Fern- dale, Mich. The long-wearing fixture clamp, man­ ufactured with plunger travel of %, 1 1/32, and 1% in., consists of male cones which are formed on pinion shaft,

ally clamped in position and not moved until drilled and tapped. Outstanding feature is possibility of drilling, indexing to tapping position, and tapping work piece to proper depth, elim­ inating pcssibility of misalignment. Each frame to panel and single bolt assembly of the two spindles can be independently of contact block to switch frame for ease adjusted for depth of travel and held to in assembly and wiring. within 0.010 in. horizontal travel. Switch is locking or nonlocking in all Spindles are equipped with oversize positions except center position, which ball bearings. The machine has five is always locking. Motion of switch from speeds, can drill and tap from ys-in. to %- center to all positions is straight line. in. American National course threads in Fine silver contacts are permanently steel. Tapping spindle revolves at 60 per riveted to nickel-plated, phosphor-bronze cent of drilling spindle. contact springs, and all parts are non- and which fit closely with female cones Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 915] corrosive. Contacts are rated at 10 amp, integral with housing. Work is d am p ed 125 v, ac (noninductive load). at any location desired in the stroke o Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9340 Speed Control the plunger, and severe chatter due to A precise, wire-range, quick-respond­ heavy milling cuts, fails to loosen the ing speed control for boiler draft fans, Milling and Boring Machines clamp on the work. Cone-Lok unit consists of rack, pin centrifugal pumpi, blowers and com­ Identified as No. 3 Model T., Kearney ion, bushing and lever. It is intendc pressors is provided by the new magnetic fc Trecker Products Corp., Milwaukee, an­ fcr adaption to fixtures and machines o adjustable-specd drive announced by nounces precision machine for milling, special design. Electric Machinery Mfg. Co., Minne­ boring, and threading operations in one Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9148 apolis. Two operating parts, a rotating setup on special machine members, gear ring and magnet, make the drive a self- boxes, box jigs and fixtures. contained, electro-magnetic torque trans­ Table is fully supported throughout its Microfilming Machine mitter. It is used in combination with entire travel. Ram type construction of A new microfilming machine, demon a constant speed ac motor and an elec­ spindle slide maintains perfect alignment strated by Recordak Corp., Eastman tronic controller to provide split-rcvolu- locked in position for milling operations Kodak subsidiary, Rochester, N. 7., P '° tion speed control. or released while boring feeds are in tographs both sides of small documen s With built-in ratings of approximately use. Rear bearing extensions eliminate simultaneously at a 35 to 1 reduction or 25 hp and larger at 600 to 1800 rpm, overhang at back end of spindle ram and papers up to 914 in. wide and of un

(All claims are those of respective manufacturers; for additional information fill in and return the coupon on page 128.)

124 /T E E l Advertisement M AY, 1 9 4 6 Co p p e r A llo y Bulletin REPORTING NEWS AND TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF COPPER AND COPPER-BASE ALLOYS

Prepared Each Month by Bridgeport Brass Co. Bridgeport Headquarters for BRASS, BRONZE and COPPER

denser tubes contain approximately copper 76%, aluminum 2%, and remainder zinc. Copper-Base Alloys Aluminum also increases the strength of brass and is often one of the minor ele­ Effect of Additional Elements on Fhysical ments in manganese bronze, a 60-40 brass which contains small amounts of manga­ Properties and Corrosion Resistance nese, iron, tin and aluminum. S ilic o n —A small percentage in brass lowers its therm al and electric conductivity When copper is alloyed with zinc in are suitable for cold working such as cup­ and makes it suitable for spot welding. A various proportions, the resulting material ping, drawing, stamping, cold forging. Strip very small quantity of silicon in bronze is known as “ brass” which is stronger than metal for drawing and stamping and wire welding rod has the effect of reducing the either of the m aterials from which it is for cold heading come under this range of fuming during welding. Silicon in amounts made. In general, the physical properties composition. Alloys in the low copper range up to 3% added to copper increases its of brass depend largely upon manipulation, (60+2% copper, remainder zinc) are best strength and toughness. Copper-silicon al­ that is, whether it has been cast, rolled, suited for hot extrusion and hot forging loys are sold under the trade names extruded, drawn, or annealed. Properties and have the characteristic alpha plus beta Duronze I, II and V. Silicon added to such as ductility, springiness, toughness, type structure. Brasses below 58% copper aluminum bronze increases its strength, strength, and stiffness are controlled either have a limited application. corrosion resistance and machinability. Just by annealing or by the amount of reduction aS in brass, silicon affects the alpha-beta by cold rolling or drawing following the Effect of Additional Elements phase boundary relationship. Hence, a nor­ last anneal. Machinability, corrosion re­ mal alpha structure may be thrown into There are many important brass and sistance, hot and cold workability, etc., the alpha plus beta structure with corres­ copper alloys which have been modified or are controlled largely by modifying the pondingly better hot working properties. whose properties have been changed by the proportions of copper and zinc, and by the Iro n increases the strength and hardness addition of small quantities o f elements addition of a third or fourth element. In of brass and is sometimes added in the such as lead, tin, silicon, aluminum , nickel, every case the added element has been Muntz metal type of alloy. It retards grain phosphorus, arsenic, etc. selected because of some specific improve­ ments desired. With the growth of modern growth during annealing. Standard specifi­ cations for brass strip for cupping or draw ­ Electric Furnace Melting science and the development of metallur­ gical laboratories, the effect of various ad­ ing limit the permissible iron content which Bridgeport quality begins in the casting ditions has received very careful study. is not considered desirable when maximum shop where melting and alloying are per­ One of the major research problems in the ductility is required. formed in the types of electric furnaces brass industry today is the thorough and (Continued on back page) suitable for the particular alloys involved. system atic study o f the ef­ At a turn of the wheel the furnace is tilted fect of additions and the and its contents are poured into the im­ search for those additions mense water-cooled copper-lined mold to that will provide specific make a cast bar. Although the oldtime improvements. hand-fed pit fires were spectacular, melting in electric furnaces has been am ong the L e a d added to brass in amounts ranging from most important advances to improve m a­ terially the uniformity and quality of 0.15% to 4% greatly im­ proves its machinability. present-day brass mill products. There are limitations on A casting in the form of a flat bar is the the amount of lead to be DEÖ.F. starting point for sheet and in the form added because of its harm ­ of round billets for rod, wire and tubing. ful effect on ductility and Samples taken at the furnace during pour- cold and hot forgeability. 1000 mg are speeded to the laboratory for 1500 analysis to make sure that all alloys are T in is added to brass in amounts up to 2%. The controlled within specifications. Im purities addition of 0.75% to 1% may affect the uniformity of the improves its resistance to product are checked by frequent spectro- 1600 graphic and chemical analyses. The lab­ corrosion from sea water. oratory takes a most im portant role in For example, Admiralty condenser tubes contain rass making—analyzing incoming raw materials, specifying the mill treatm ent to copper 70 %, tin about 1 %, zinc remainder. Tin added 1400 3 ** customers’ requirements, checking to 60-40 brass is desig­ c finished material, developing better Processes, creating new alloys, and im­ nated as naval brass (cop­ proving existing ones. per 60%, tin .75%, zinc remainder). Tin added to The Copper-Ziitc Alloy System the high copper-zinc alloys increases strength and pptvf^en C0Pper and zinc are melted to­ modifies the color. Such il er they alloy to form a new material, alloys are popular with the 1000 rass, which is quite different from the jewelry trade. parent metals. As the copper content de- A lu m in u m is added to H ?SvS’ tbe brasses vary in color from brass to improve its resist­ " br°nze (90-10), to golden (85-15), to 800 ow (70-30) and finally yellow-red (60% ance to impingement cor­ '»PPcr, 40% zinc). rosion from turbulent wa­ ter, containing entrapped 50 Percent Copper 50 Percent Zinc to^nni/ly’ alloys containing from 63% air, flowing at high veloc­

Copper-Base Alloys (Cont.) Bridgeport's Phosphor Bronze for N ick el additions to copper-zinc alloys This column lists items manufactured have been m ade for m any years, the result­ Starter Clutch Discs or developed by many different sources. ing alloys having been known as nickel sil­ None of these items has been tested or ver. The addition of nickel whitens brass is endorsed by the Bridgeport Brass until it becomes silver in color. As the nickel Bridgeport’s Phosphor Bronze, improved Company. We will gladly refer readers to the manufacturer o r other sources for content increases, the alloy becomes stronger. through advanced processing and quality further information. The alloy containing 18% nickel is com­ control methods, has found wide use in air­ monly used as a base for silver plated hol­ craft starter clutch discs because of its New Height Gage for the precision inspec­ low ware. Nickel greatly lowers the electrical excellent resistance to fatigue and wear, as tion, layout, scribing and checking of large size jigs, fixtures, dies and castings employs conductivity of the alloys and makes them well as the accuracy of its manufacture. an e xtra large vern ier p erm ittin g finely gradu­ desirable for high resistance purposes. The clutch is built up of alternate discs of a te d sc ale s to b e read q u ick ly , e asily an d more bronze and steel, and any surface imper­ accurately. It is furnished in various sizes A rsen ic, phosphorus and antimony, fections or temper differences would mean provided with both English and metric acting as corrosion inhibitors, are added scales. No. 681 excessive wear and slippery, unreliable in small amounts to brass condenser tube clutch action. Portable Spot Welding machine has been alloys to increase their resistance to de- announced which has a capacity for parts zincification from sea water. un der Vs" round. Weighing approximately 25 pounds, the unit employs a pair of insu­ Research and Development lated copper tweezers which eliminate oxida­ tion and enable the electrodes to be applied Intensive research and development of directly to the elements to be joined. It plugs copper-base alloys in the last decade have into 115 V, 60 cycle power supply and may completely changed the picture for brasses easily be adapted to 220 V. No. 682 and bronzes. M any new alloys and improved Automatic Cut-off for the completely auto­ old ones are resulting from the work done matic manufacture of return bends or elbows by Bridgeport metallurgists. This work has is capable of handling tubing up to 5" O.D. and pipe up to 4" O.D. No. 683 been stepped up considerably during the past few years. Also a consistent program New Surface Preparation has been devel­ oped for use on copper, brass and zinc prod­ of corrosion research has brought forth ucts where shot or sand blasting are im­ much new information regarding the be­ practical prior to application of protective havior of metals in corrosive media. As a co atin gs. No. 684 result our Technical Service Department is Filing, Sawing, Lapping and trimming op­ better equipped to help fabricators of metal erations are achieved with a new, all-purpose goods with their problems. We are also in a die filer m achine. I t h a s few m oving p arts and better position to collaborate with engi­ filing and sawing overarms may be inter­ changed in a short time. No. 685 neers of power plants, oil refineries, and chemical industries to increase the service New Automatic Flow regulator for use with h y d rau lic m achine to o ls offers unlim ited flow life of condenser, heat exchanger and in one direction and predetermined rate_of evaporator tubes. flow in opposite direction. No. 686 Continued improvement in the quality of High-speed Lathe for bench work is use*j basic materials makes possible lower costs Aircraft motor starter clutch discs made from for finishing and polishing small metallic and through the reduction of scrap losses and Bridgeport’s Phosphor Bronze non-metallic parts. Permits a range of work­ extra mechanical and finishing operations. ing speeds from zero to 40,000 RPM and can be detached and used separately as a Nevertheless, the limitations of each alloy The Phosphor Bronze for these motor han d tool. must be taken into consideration. Labora­ starter clutch discs is produced to very In a Quenching Machine for gears, liners, tory supervision, however, has made pos­ close limits of surface variation and allows bearing races and discs, work is held by air sible uniform control of such properties as perfect contact between the steel and bronze pressure between upper and lower dies while hardness, softness, machinability and grain discs over the entire area of all surfaces. quenching oil is pumped from below at timed structure. Once the fabricator determines rates to pass upward through the lower die, Since the ratio with respect to variation in surround the work and leave through the which properties fit his methods of manu­ temper between the two materials deter­ upper die. Machine is said to prevent dis­ facture, the mill is then in a position to mines the amount of wear, the hardness of tortion in the work, controlling aPP"Tcat!.°n furnish uniform material and reduce un­ Bridgeport Phosphor Bronze is carefully of the oil. No- 688 necessary labor and spoilage. controlled. Its dependability in such engi­ R oller c u d B o ll B e arin g s in guide pinsi of For more complete details on copper- neering applications is the result of pre­ new die sets are reported to eliminate t possibility of their “freezing” even at ^>6 base alloys write for your copy of Bridge­ cision manufacture, which maintains its speeds. Die sets can be opened and closed y port Brass Technical Handbook. 128 pages exceptional physical properties at a con­ h an d . R o u n d pin d ie se ts use b all bearings on of practical data. sistent level of quality.

BRASS, BRONZE, COPPER, DURONZE, NICKEL SILVER, CUPRO NICKEL Warehouse Service in Principal Cities STRIP AND SHEET—For draw­ ROD—Alloys for screw machine DUPLEX TUBING—for conditions TECHNICAL SERVICE-Sulf of experienced, laboratory-trained men ing, stamping, forming, spinning. operation. Duronze III high strength, too severe for a single metal or alloy. Leaded alloys for machining, drilling, corrosion-resistant, good for machin­ available to help customers wiui tapping. Silicon bronze, phosphor ing and hot forging. Hot forging and PIPE—Brass and copper for plumb­ their metal problems. bronze for corrosion resistance. Al­ cold heading alloys. Welding Rods. ing. W AREHOUSE SERVICE-*-*Ware- loys suitable for springs. Engravers’ Copper-covered ground rod. house and jobbers stocks aval . copper and brass. prompt delivery in principal cities W IRE—Cold Heading alloys for TUBING—For miscellaneous fabri­ FABRICATED GOODS—Plumb­ screws, bolts, nuts, nails, fastenings, cation. For condensers and heat ex­ ing brass goods. Radiator air valves. TECHNICAL LITERATURE e electrical connectors, Phono-Electric changers. For water, air, oil and hy­ Aer-a-sol insecticide dispensers. Manuals and handbooks a trolley and contact wires. draulic lines. Automobile tire valves. for most products. BRIDGEPORT BRASS 18 6 5 BRIDGEPORT BRASS COMPANY, BRIDGEPORT 2, CONN, ESTABLISHED INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT limited lenith at 18 to 1 reduction. neutral; one-hand steering with con­ hold-down holds plates firmly during The Duplex Recordak is expected to venient foot brake and accelerator, and shearing and automatically clamps thick have wide application in business and seat cushion hinged so that when op­ plates with higher pressure than thin industry where file cards, record sheets, erator leaves seat, brakes are automat­ plates. Shear angle or rake is low, minim­ and other papers contain information on ically applied. Due to one wheel front izing end thrust, camber and bow in cut both sides. steering, and narrow overall width of pieces. Recording is on 100-ft rolls of unper­ 40 in., it can be easily maneuvered Shears are offered in sizes for cutting forated 16-mm film. Basic advantage through narrow aisles, up and down plate of thicknesses from 12 gage to 1 % of microfilming is a reduction of filing ramps, on platforms and loading decks in. and lengths from 6 ft to 16 ft. Speeds space, with safety and economy. and into box cars and trucks. range from 00 strokes per min on smaller Steel 5/13/36; Item No. 9201 Weighing 1100 lb, it is equipped with shears to 25 strokes per min on largest an air-cooled 7.7 hp engine capable of size. speeds up to 15 mph and with an econ­ Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9157 Gaging Heads omy of operation of 35 to 40 miles per gallon of gas. The transmission is of the Hardened steel class B gaging heads, Buffer and Grinder ranging from 0.240 to 2.510 in. diameter simple friction type and is connected designed especially for shops having short with heavy duty chain drive to rear axle A low pedestal type buff er and grinder, production runs on frequent changeovers, on which are mounted dual wheels. designed especially for the grinding and are announced by Federal Products Steel 5 /13/36; Item No. 9196 buffing of long, odd-shaped pieces is an­ nounced by Hobart Brothers, Troy, O. It Metal Cutting Shears is adaptable for the processes in a wide variety of shops. Heavy Machinery Division, Cleveland Grinder provides over 40 in. of work­ Crane & Engineering Co., Wickliffe, O., ing space between the wheels, and low is announcing a line of power-driven metal-cutting shears employing a revolu­ tionary pivoted-blade principle. The up- per blade of each shear operates on two heavy pivot pins secured to end housing and travels in a circular path. By turning a hand crank knife clear­ ance may be varied to thickness of plate being cut, a dial indicator showing clear­ ance in thousandths of an inch. The ma­ Corp., 1144 Eddy street, Providence, R. chine may be arranged for squaring, slit­ h Principal difference between these and ting, or set at any intermediate position regular class A heads is that they are for notching. not chromium-plated and lapped, but are Frame and blade are all-welded steel, fine-ground, having the same degree of one-piece construction. Because knife ad­ measuring accuracy. design of pedestal enables worker to sit at justment is made by movement of upper Sfeef 5/13/36; Item No. 9193 work and brace the work piece between blade, bed is welded integral with frame. his protected knee and the buffing wheel. A heavy spring-operated mechanical The 3 hp motor incorporated is repulsion- Motor-Driven Shop Truck Chore Boy, offered by Buda Co., Har- 'cy. 111., is a dual wheel, heavy duty, Platform type shop truck of one ton capacity. It has a large non-skid deck " ‘In a loading space of over 20 sq ft

f 15 Provided with dual wheels in or- t0 earry extra heavy loads. ¿¡m11 COnsjruction features are elec- conrfortabTe reinforced st8el frame: form fit i, Spn”s cushioned seats with with v. j rest; s'mphfied controls lever for forward, reverse and

(Ait claims are those of respective manufacturers; for additional information fill in and return the coupon on page 128.) Ma>’ 13, 1940 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

induction if single phase or squirrel-cage is equipped with an oxygen cylinder which construction considerably reduces the induction of 8-pliase type. It uses current is carried on the wearer’s back and sup­ number of component parts. In addi­ only in proportion to the load, and is non­ ported by an adjustable harness. It sup­ tion, because of its increased rigidity, stalling type that will not slow down un­ plies oxygen for about 1 hour. The cutting blades spiral even more concen­ der rated load. It operates at 1750 rpm. other, for short-time use, is a front sling trically than previously, and runout is Steel 5 /13/46; Item. No. 9133 model using a small cylinder. held to an absolute minimum, insuring Both models provide oxygen exactly as accuracy to extremely close tolerances. Air Valve needed by the wearer. Oxygen control is Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9110

An air valve which can he mounted on drill presses or other machines for Flame Failure Safeguard automatic control of air cylinders is an­ Designed to provide explosion protec­ nounced by Mead Specialties Co., Chi­ tion for industrial and commercial oil and cago. Poppet seals, lined with synthetic pulverized coal burners, Fireye photoelec­ rubber, assure air-tight valve action and tric flame failure safeguard introduced by freedom from oil and moisture deteriora- Combustion Control Corp. 77 Broadway, Cambridge, Mass., instantly cuts oil fuel and sounds an alarm when the flame in burners fail. Consisting of phototube and amplifying system housed in dust-tight container, en-

tion. The two cam followers require only I/16-in. movement to operate the valve from full open to full closed. A foot-control model, illustrated at left, oflers a choice of cither 3 or 4-way operation, and an adjustable stop pro­ vides a quick change from one to the other. The model at right, for cam op­ by means of a “demand” regulator with eration, is for controlling air cylinders. which mask is equipped. A pressure gage A bench valve for hand operation also is indicates amount of oxygen in cylinder at available. all times. tire unit is mounted directly on the fur­ Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9207 Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9130 nace wall in a manner which permits photoelectric cell to observe flame. A Oxygen Mask Expansion Reamer pyrex filter keeps equipment dust-light and a heat-absorbing filter protects it from Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pitts­ Lempco Products Inc., Bedford, O., radiated heat. burgh, announces a new oxygen mask for announces a new design dual-spiral ex­ respiratory protection. It is a cylinder- A pilot light, visible through an angle of pansion reamer. The principal change type oxygen breathing apparatus which 180°, and a time delay element which in the new design is a solid one-piece features simplicity and ease of operation. prevents relay from dropping out during body all the way from the driving end momentary flame disturbances are other Mask is offered in two types. One type to the lower lock nut. This one-piece features. Designed for power supply of

FOR MORE INFORMATION on the new products and equipment mentioned in this section, fill in this form and return to us. It will receive prompt attention. I

Circle numbers below correspond- NAME ing to thn.se of items in which TITLE. I you are interested: 9053 9201 9337 COMPANY ...... 9205 9193 9300 9120 9190 9323 9 193 9137 9209 PRODUCTS MADE ...... 91X1 9133 9213 91X2 9207 9206 9940 9130 9124 ST R E E T ...... 9076 9110 9319 9148 9223 9166 5-13-46 CITY and ZONE. . / ...... STATE

Mail to: STEEL, Engineering Dept.— 12 13 West Third St., Cleveland 13. Ohio

(All claims arc those of respective manufacturers; for additional infonnation fill in and return Te c l'p o T Z this page.)

/TEE Look at this radiograph as a cost analyst would...

•..and you’ll see something more than an internally unsound casting

You 11 see in this radiograph an end to costly produc­ duced products . . . increased customer good will—due tion lag . . . to customer rejections . . . wasted ma­ to faster deliveries and satisfactory performance of chining time. products proved sound by radiography.

You 11 see a way to get more sound castings from When you balance the relatively small cost of x-rays each heat by correcting foundry technic . . . to salvage against the large dollars and cents savings in produc­ rejected castings through repair welding . . . to im­ tion costs, you’ll find that radiography can put you prove inspection, assembly, and other processes. well ahead on the black side of the ledger. Y ou 11 see how this radiograph might be useful to If you have x-ray equipment, why not get together your designer in suggesting changes to reduce weight with your radiographer and your engineers . . . to see safely . . . achieve greater simplicity . . . bring about if you have overlooked opportunities to use radiog­ manufacturing economies. raphy even more profitably? Or write to

And there are other benefits . . . lower unit cost— Eastman Kodak Company, X-ray Division resulting from better, lighter, more economically pro- Rochester 4, New York

Radiography Another important function of photography WINGS £ WHEELS

Imagine building today's airports and ex­ press highways with the horse-drawn scoops (see small sketch), stone-bed wagons, two­ wheeled dump carts, mattocks, sledges, picks, shovels and other hand tools of 50 years ago! In that era roads were local and unpaved,airportsundreamedof, the internal combustion engine, gasoline and steel in abundance just dawning upon the industrial scene and steel wire rope still in its infancy. 3,050 new airports and improvement of 1,625 .5,000 existing fields are pro­ posed by the CAA at cost of ?i ,250,000,000. Leveling off 4 mountains and filling valleys is record-making earthmoving job at site for Kanawha Airport in rugged terrain J&L WIRE ROPE SPEEDS BUILDING OF near Charleston, \Y. Va. The grading totals more than 9,700,000 cubic yards, involves GREAT AIRPORTS AND HIGHWAYS extraordinary depths and quantities of both cuts anti fills. Nearly every type of earth- THAT WILL SERVE YOU WELL moving and grading equipment is being used, most of it depending upon wire rope With the help of strong, sinewy, flexible steel wire for control or transmission of power. Job rope, long-dreamed-of projects for great airports and will be completed this year. highways to serve you are fast becoming realities. Wartime necessities more than doubled Gigantic earthmoving machines are working on these the capacity of JixL.’s modern wire rope big construction jobs . . . mightily, irresistibly, yet plant at Muncy, Pa. speedily . . . with wire rope applying and guiding National roads, planned for new Federal their tremendous power. 40,000-mile system of interstate highways Using big power shovels, bulldozers, tractors, connecting practically every city of 100,000 or more will carry 20% of all motor traffic pushers, graders, motor scrapers, dump trailers— all (expected to reach 40,000,000 vehicles by manipulated by wire rope— contractors are cutting 1950), have entrances and exits only at off mountain tops, filling in valleys, moving and selected points, with 300-ft. fenced right-of- leveling millions of cubic yards of rock and earth way, grade separations, no stop lights, to provide mile-long landing strips for your flights four-lane pavement, moderate grades. across the nation or overseas. They are slashing Arterial highways through cities are being through foothills, bridging streams, leveling depres­ planned by Pittsburgh, Washington, Hous­ ton, Dallas, San Antonio, Fort Worth, sions in the plains so that you can make time from Detroit, Denver, Chicago, Atlanta, Hart­ city to city on express highways with easy grades, ford, Los Angeles, San Francisco. wide curves and no traffic lights. Plane landing every 24 seconds and one Io rig equipment for these big jobs, many con­ taking off every 24 seconds is capacity tractors specify Jones & Laughlin wire rope—made of planned for new world airport under con­ J&L Controlled Quality steel. They have found struction at Idlewild, L.I., close to midtown this Precisionbilt, Permaset, preformed wire rope Manhattan. Gradual development is plan­ will outlast regular wire rope, stand up under extra ned for pin-wheel design of runways around centra] loading hub and three-mile-long heavy service, keep their equipment operating with arcade building with space for loading 104 a minimum of down time, help them speed to com­ planes at one time. Idlewild will be eight pletion the new airports and highways you are times area of LaGuardia Field, require eagerly waiting to use. personnel of 30,000 to 50,000, provide park­ ing space for 30,000 autos, have 4-story administration building with observation J o m e s & L aughlin decks, restaurants, hotel rooms, offices. 4 ,0 0 0 miles of wire are wound in a 24- S t e e l C o r p o r a t i o n hour day (taking .041-inch wire as the average) in the wire re-winding department of the J&L Wire Rope Plant. Illustrated J&L wire rope book, with information for users of wire lines, may be obtained by writing on business letterhead to: Publicity Manager, Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh 30, Pa. l i g h t e r , STRONGER, CONTROLLED QUALITY STEELS COPYRIGHT 1048. JONES * LAUGHLIN STEEL CORPORATION

laughlin steel corporation by orison MaV 13,1946 DHAVVI 131

130 — INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT-

115/230 v, 50/60 cycle ac current it has a power consumption of 10 w. Its effec­ tive operating range is over a distance of 5 ft. Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9225

Electronic Relay

A super-sensitive electronic relay, ac­ tuated by dimensional changes down to micro-inches by feelers carrying as little as 2 micro-amperes of current is an­ nounced by Automatic Temperature Control Co.. Inc., 34 East Logan street, Philadelphia. It can serve as a device

No. 120 Hi-Speed Furnace

1500°F in 5 M inutes. 2300°F. in 30 M inutes. F ire b o x 5 » O i < 1314. » *129.50 Factory •Reach operating temperatures FAST to save time and gas.

Powerful burners fire under hearth to assure for precision gaging of mass-produced maximum, uniform heat. parts, for starting or stopping a machine Temperature range easily controlled with accur­ motor or giving an alarm when dimen­ acy to harden ANY steels, tools, dies, or small metal parts sional tolerances are exceeded. The snap-acting control contacts carry 12 •A size for every toolroom or shop. Ready for amp at 110 v ac. action on short notice. Complete with Carbo- frax hearth, G. E. motor and Johnson blower. The unit is shown mounted in one half No. 70 Hi-Speed of a dust-tight and weatherproof metal Bench Furnace enclosure. Steel 5 /13/46; Item No. 9337 2250°F in 30 Minutes from a Cold Start' Hi-Speed Furnace Features counterbalanced door opening upwards. 4-Burner Unit for tem ­ peratures 1400 - 2000°F

6-Burner Unit for tem ­ peratures 1800-2400°F

Prices F.O.B. Factory SEND FOR FREE JOHNSON CATALOG TODAY

132 / T E E 1 WORDS FROM PROMINENT STEELWELD PRESS USERS

THE REMARKS BELOW COME FROM A PROMINENT BUILDER OF COMMERCIAL TRUCK BODIES

TROUGH GUIDE PLATE DOUBLE BEND SPECIAL BRACKET STAIR BRAC.l

!ÚR PLATE MOULDING OITRÉT BRACKET CURVE PLATE

TACIA O ATE HALT CURVED PLATE STECIAL CURVE BEVEL .SILL NARROW orrSET DOUBLE BEND

BRACKET PLATE SPECIAL CURVECONVEYOR CURVED PLATE HOOK SPOUT ÖRACKET

BENT PLATE CHUTE RO O r CAP OUIDE USED FOUR YEARS 8 to 16 HOURS A DAY "The Steel weld Bending Press that we have been operating for over four years has done excellent w bra c k et TRUCK PLATroRM work. It is One Press used continuously Eight FLANGE BRACKET Hours every day and quite often Sixteen. We are well satisfied with its performance."

LOOP BUCK rORM BAR CLIP VOUIÜE FLAP

BBVLL TOP PLATE SPECIAL HOPPERCURVED PLATE TRUCK LODY SIDE EAR BRACKET CURVED STRAP OUARD PLATE TROUGH

STRUT TAPER CHUTE V-STRAP HANOCR PLATE DOUBLE V BEND ILAMP DOUBLE BENT PM TE TLANGED IK PLAT!

THIS BOOK! tomMT) t o w U i i m w Go. CATALO G No. 2010 gives construction and engineering 1125 Fa s t 281 «.d St8r.LT • MJlGYUATTE, OlUO. details. Profusely illustrated. 5TEELWELD BENDING PRESSES BRAKING ■ FORMING ■ BLANKING ■ DRAWING ■ CORRUGATING ■ PUNCHING

May 13, 1946 -INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT—

for adjustments, and control lever is placed to insure a minimum of operator strain. Normal adjustments of clutch and brake mechanisms can be made quickly and easily from outside of unit. Cable control is compact, permitting close mounting to tractor, for balance and protection against damage. Cast steel structural members and case provide strength for working parts. Anti-friction bearings are used throughout. Cable drum is set into recess in case to assure free­ dom from cable fouling. Steel 5 /13/46; Item No. 9300

Reversible Gage Set

A complete line of standard reversible gage sets in cabinets is announced by Size Control Division of American Machine & Cage Co., 4636 West Fulton street, Chi­ cago. Thread and plug gages are avail­ able in this type of design which is said

to give two or more gage members for the price of one. They are made up in partial or complete thread series. SIMPLICITY OF DESIGN AND RUGGED CON- Gages are available in old or new ASME drill sizes, also in fractional sizes STRUCTION fetioduce in any combination of increments of 0.001-in. Standard thread or gear wire Horsburgh & Scott Helical Speed Reducers are engineered sets in any series are also available. Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9323 for simplicity of design with every part ruggedly built from the Spot Welder finest materials. These features plus precision manufacture The No. 310-AA Universal spot welder developed by Eisler Engineering Co., 750 and assembly are your guarantee of better speed reducers that South Thirteenth street, Newark, N. J-> b adaptable for spot welding all types o last longer ... it will pay you to investigate these single, sheet metal work. It also can be used with a hand-operated push and tong typ® 2UD double and triple Helical Speed Reducers. welder, and for alternating current arc welding, at 100-400 amp. Machine has deep throat provided b> S e n d n ote on Company Letterhead for Speed Reducer Catalog 39 both horns which can be lengthened or shortened by sliding them in bearings to fit size and type of sheet métal work to e THE HORSBURGH & SCOTT CO. welded. Horns also are mounted on top GEARS AND SPEED REDUCERS of fabricated case, making the macjnne suitable for spot welding of large s ee 5112 HAMILTON AVENUE • CLEVELAND, OHIO, U. S. A. metal parts. , L : - A Although welder is intended for wor’

134 /TE E 1 SERVICEABILITY OF GILBERT & BARKER GAS PUMPS INCREASED

METER VALVE SEATS (CARBON-GRAPHITE)

Graphitar’s resistance to wear helps eliminate maintenance on GiEbert & Barker pumping units

To a service station operator, the Installation of a Gilbert & Barker gasoline pump means years of dependable, trouble-free service. This dependability is the result of sound engineering and efficient working parts which include a Graphitar meter valve seat. In Gilbert & Barker pumps the Graphitar seat affords a leak-tight seal that effectively re­ sists constant friction and the corrosive action of gasoline. The seat cannot freeze, because Graphitar is unaffected by temperature and because it is lubricated by the gasoline being pumped. Thus in Gilbert & Barker gas pumps, Graphitar valve parts are adding to their reputation for efficient, dependable performance already established in steam, chemical, and ga s service.

Graphitar parts Prove effective in scores of installations [>

€very type of industrial mechanism, t: P, ' °r beor'ngs< seals, rings, and other func- Grft°k^°riS f er^orm long-life dependability. turJ 3 lt°,r W'^ n°^ me^ ° r ^USe a * a n ^ temPera* anrl f l'S mecban'caIly strong, chemically inert, variet'^ * ^ CQn be finished to a wide the m A c 0se' to*erance shapes and sizes with St0,e4 r er\ .PrOduC,ion ^ac'l't'es ai The United file fn r D°P j te C o m P ° n y - See listing in Sweet's 44-nn/ f°i Ct Des'9ners* °od write for new ^P°ge catalog. -INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT —

P of light gage, it also will weld heavier /B fjta J cin q j work in short throat position. Rating of welders is from 20 to 50 kva at shortest throat depth. Horns as well as tip holder and tips are water cooled. Machine can be adapted for air as well as foot operation. Wiring permits inde­ F la k in g — as first seen on the oscilloscope pendent operation of spot and arc weld­ screen of the Sperry ing. It can be equipped either with Supersonic Rejlecto - scope. mechanical or all electronic type tinier and contactor. Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9209

Side-Dump Trailer

A fifth wheel construction, which aids in making short turns, is incorporated into a side dump trailer now being man­ ufactured by Palmer-Shile Co., 790 South Harrington, Detroit. Gear type dumping rockers provide smooth action dumping which can be controlled from

F lakin g — an etch ed section of the same m aterial revealing the findings of the Super­ sonic liefiec to scope. r

either right or left sides, as desired. An automatic coupler at rear permits use SPERRY'S NON-DESTRUCTIVE SUPERSONIC METHOD of trailer in train hauling. The all-welded trailer has a heavy- When the searching unit of the Sperry Supersonic Reflectoscope is applied gage reinforced steel body mounted on to the surface of steel containing flakes a pattern much like that above a structural steel framework with a 30 instantaneously appears on the cathode-ray screen. The operator, trained in. pull bar. It is equipped with four in less than two weeks, at once recognizes defective material, and accurately 3% x 18 in. roller bearing metal wheels locates the internal flaws. with molded rubber tires. The Supersonic Reflectoscope is now being used in the metal industry Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9215 for all of these testing operations: Attachment Arbor Î » To inspect raw stock for defects. A combination attachment arbor for 2 To maintain a constant quality check during half-inch electric motor shafts, announced production. by A. D. McBumey, 939 West Sixth To make final inspections of the finished street, Los Angeles, is designed to take 3 . products. grinding wheels with 3/4-in. holes on

Cracks, voids, inclusions, and other internal defects are located just as readily as flakes. Depth of penetration is in the order of ten feet.

Write jor Bulletin 1-3000

main shaft, or 1 / 2-in. holes on the small ends. This extension can be used or rag or wire wheels, circular saw blades or for holding 1 / 2-in. 24-thread dnll SPERRY PRODUCTS, chucks which in turn grip drills from 1 °- Inc. 60 to those 1 / 2-in. in diameter. This arbor has a distinct advantage over the ordinary arbor in that it fits " e Hoboken 1, N. J. .1 . „-.cvf/rr diaft. SO

/TEE* 136 A w o i l v e / i ROCKFORD

MACHINE TOOL New machines with capacities and per­ formance to meet present-day standards are essential to operating profits, let us show you the advantages of modern Rock­ ford Hy-Draulic Machine Tools.

Pays Ifs Own W ay In A H u rry

Certain types of machining operations are "slotter jobs.” Cumbersome or difficult for other machine tools, such work can be handled most easily and quickly on a Rockford Hy-Draulic Slotter. Exten­ sive experience in a variety of shops has proved that Rockford Hy-Draulic Slotters are practical machine tools that pay for themselves in a hurry. Illustrated is a typical use; there are many, many others. Check your own machining operations for time-saving production-increasing slotter jobs. Meanwhile write today, for Hy-Draulic Slotter H y-D raulic Slot- Bulletin 2913. ters are avail- able with maximum stroke lengths of 12", 20", and 36". Ro c k f o r d m a c h in e t o o l c o .. r o c k f o r d . Il l in o i s

SHAPERSSHAPER-PLANERSPLANERS SLOTTERS

M*y 18, 1946 137 — INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT —

INSURANCE POLICY directly on the main shaft and not out on the arbor extension, eliminating the possibility of whipping” and dangerous disintegration of the grinding wheel. An adapter for grinding wheels only also has been developed, enabling users to mount grinding wheels directly over motor shafts. Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9206

Combustion Analyzer All readings are recorded on the one meter of the Stack-O-Meter announced by Davis Emergency Equipment Co. Inc., 45 Halleck street, Newark, N. J., for use by maintenance men needing a portable in­ strument for combustion analysis. Carbon dioxide percentage readings are obtained from gas samples col.'ected through a hand aspirator bulb of the unit.

* II you haven't a copy of the Thred- Kut Chart, write us — we will gladly send you Stack temperatures are obtained electric­ one, without obligation. ally from a thermocouple and draft meas­ urement is obtained through a separate tube. Accuracy of the instrument, which weighs only 11 lb and measures 13 x 12 x 5 in., is based on thermal conductivity principle of analyzing gases by means of an electrical Wheatstone bridge circuit. Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9124 )TUART'S ThredKut Heavy Duty Cutting Oil has played an important part in solving many of industry's Nonswivel Type Boom toughest metal working problems. Reference to the Speedy and economical lifting and time-tested ThredKut Chart '- has insured the proper transporting of many types of loads in manufacturing operations is afforded by application of this versatile product in many production power trucks equipped with a horizontal, emergencies. Alert production executives will find nonswivel type boom which moves verti­ these aids of great help in answering troublesome metal­ cally with its shoulder riding in the up­ right columns of the truck. This mechan­ working problems. D. A. Stuart Oil Co., Ltd., ism has proved particularly useful for 2735)4 S Troy Street, Chicago 23, Illinois. single, heavy and bulky objects to which a hook, chain, rope or cable may be attached. No muscle-power is required beyond securing a chain or cable to ob­ ject and to hook on the boom. Boom functions somewhat as a boom on a crane, but the complete unit is mote compact and can be maneuvered within more limited areas. Suspended by a short length of chain, an object can be swung around easily for passage through narrow aisles or doors, or for positioning for finishing operations,

138 /TEE» w m n u u i

— JUMPED METAL JOINING PRODUCTION

B E F O R E - AFTER- RING OF 20 PER HOUR EASY-FIO WIRE m o PER HOUR

The job required the joining At the left you see how the job was of a steel adapter to a steel finally done. A ring of EASY-FLO tube used in Bazooka Gre­ wire was preplaced in a groove in the nades. A t first w eldin g was adapter. Joint surfaces were fluxed and tried. But, pressure in back adapter, with brazing alloy ring in place, of the welds often caused inserted in the tube. Fast induction them to crack. Reinforcing heating completed the joint in a few screws were added as shown seconds— practically no finishing was at the left. But the w hole needed— production jumped to 400 per method was slow— one man hour from one induction heating unit. could do only 20 welds per The’ cut-away view below shows how hour. fast-flowing EASY-FLO penetrates throughout the joint area the instant the brazing temperature 1175° F. is reached. Originally mild steel tubes were tested at a pressure of 300 p.s.i. Demands for greater power brought a change to high tensile steel. Now these EASY-FLO joints are capably meeting test pressure of 22,000 p.s.i. Production in one plant alone reached a million a month.

FIND OUT WHAT EASY-FLO CAN DO FOR YOU

On hundreds of jobs little EASY-FLO Rings (in this case they cost but 2c per joint) are revolutionizing results— providing superior joints, fast pro­ duction and surprisingly low costs. Today’s competition demands speed and economy. Find out how EASY-FLO can help you. A s a starter, get full details in Bulletin 1 2 -A — write for a copy today.

N D Y & H A R

82 FULTON ST., NEW YORK 7, N. Y. Bridgeport, Conn. • Chicago, HI. • Lcs Ar.gele*, Cat. * Providence, R, I. • Toronto, Can, Agents in Principal Cities ,

May 13, 1946 -INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT—

or shipping. Truck, developed by Elwell- Parker Electric Co., Cleveland, can carry leads up to 3000 lb. Boom is available in lengths of 72, 66 and 60 in. from face of uprights. At lowest point hook is 22 in. above floor level; at highest, 8 ft. Boom may be made interchangeable with a platform with which a still greater variety of loads may be transported, in the shop. Steel 5/13/46; Item No. 9319 . . . Does JO times more Hydraulic Press Welder time-saving cost-cutting , Featuring an inverted type hydraulic cylinder through which welding pressure work than you expect is applied, a new automatic welder in 30, 50 and 75 kva capacities suitable for when you buy it . . . either spot or projection welding is an­ nounced by Federal Machine & Welder Co., Warren, O, Cylinder is a part of slide or ram, while piston is the fixed member,

The fast-action load-handier all around your place • tquipped with magnet, Roustabout handles scrap, Hundreds of users who have bought the Roust- ingots, etc. about with a few jobs in mind, soon had it sp e e d in g 10 1 jobs of loading, unloading, mov­ ing, shifting and stacking, indoors but especi­ its upper end being secured to top ot ally out. Mobile, it's where you want it when welder by a heavy transverse, adjustable you want, over rough ground or smooth, up spring. hill and down, handling anything to IVi to n s. The adjustable spring serves a dual pur­ Modernly engineered for years of overwork, pose, actuating a switch initiating the tun ball-bearing boom turntable and gears all run­ ing controls and providing a quick reac ning in oil. It saves costly delays and manpower, tion for a fast follow-up on welding quickly pays for itself. W rite for the whole stroke. Welding pressure is adjusted ) efficiency story now — no obligation, of course. the pressure regulator and gage. • With grab-bucket, Roust- A foot switch attached to a flexible THE HUGHES-KEENAN COMPANY about hustles sand,cin- cable is only control to consider alter 585 NEWMAN STREET • MANSFIELD, OHIO ders, etc. welder has been set for a specific ju Water cooled transformers a n d electro are standard equipment. Water-cooled horns are available on special order, Roustabout Cranes welders are available in three sizes By Hughes-Keenan handling 26 to 6 gage sheets or compar­ able material. laod-Handling Jpedofssts Sin« 1904 Steel 5 /13/46; Item No. 9166

140 / TE E 1 The size of your plant "w aste" line directly affects not only the size of your profits but also your ability to com­ pete on a favorable basis.

A frequent contributing factor in swelling expense bulges is inefficient cleaning . . . a condition that nearly 3000 plants have solved with Airless Wheelabrators.

This modern cleaning method is extremely fast, economi­ cal and efficient. The W heelabrator unit throws a storm of more than 280,000 shot or grit per second that no sand or scale can resist.

Result: Unusual savings in time, money, manpower, horse­ power, and floor space . . . a minimum of breakage . . . products are scoured lustrously clean . . . faster machina- bility with less tool grinding . . . simplified work-inspection. If these are the advantages you want in your own busi­ ness let us show you in black and white how a Wheela­ brator will quickly p ay for itself out of savings.

HOW IT WAS DONE AT GUELPH STOVE COMPANY

Guelph Stove Company, one of the leading Canadian manufac­ turers of stoves and furnaces, elimi­ nated costly waste in the cleaning room by installing a No. 3 Wheel­ abrator Table and a 27" x 36" Wheelabrator Tumblast to handle their entire production. A one-minute cycle through the No. 3 Wheelabrator Table In addition to rem oving sand from is sufficient to remove found­ castings in the green stage, both ry sand from stove plate and furnace castings. Many tons of machines are used for cleaning castings of the type shown In preparatory to enameling. (See il­ the picture above are cleaned lustrations at right.) daily in the rough stage and prior to enameling. Twelve tumbling mills were elimi­ nated . . . breakage, of fragile stove parts become a thing of the This 27" x 36" Wheelabrator P°st . . . production capacity was Tumblast, operating nine increased using only a fraction of hcurs daily, cleans all of the small stove a~d furnace parts. the former floor space . . . and Loads weighing several hun­ cleaner working conditions were dreds of pounds each are maintained. cleaned in from two to six minutes.

Notice the bright, clean, silvery appearance of the Wheela- brated castings in the conveyor of the 27 " x 3 6 " W heelabrator Tumblast. This load of gray iron costings w as cleaned in just four minutes.

501 S. BV R K 17 MISHAWAKA. IND.

N,ay 13, 1946 Beryllium Copper

(Continued from Page 91) tortion and erratic warping when heat- treated. The use of the continuous process of annealing is necessary for uniform hard­ ening response, but has its limitations if not properly handled. In the continuous process inadequate time at temperature results in a structure such as shown in Fig. 7 wherein the fibrous structure de­ veloped by drawing is still present. Poor hardening response due to insuf­ ficient solution of the beryllium in the copper is the result. An adequate anneal requires the use of special equipment designed for beryl­ lium copper which will put the beryl­ lium into solution without excessive grain growth and quenches at a rate to ensure retention of the beryllium in so­ lution. This preferred practice results in the structure illustrated in Fig. 8. The beryllium is fully available, yet the grain size is controlled to give uniform forming characteristics.

Control of Mill Processes Adequate control of these mill proc­ esses is necessary to ensure material of quality so that the fabricator of parts can obtain the results expected. After proper incoming material inspection has ensured material with adequate avail­ able beryllium , the processor can exert the greatest control over final quality Reduce Costs! Avoid Injuries! by his selection of heat treating time and temperature. Increase Production! Some of the desirable characteristics of beryllium copper such as corrosion and non-magnetic properties are inher­ WELDISKS grind better because they lie flat... do not soften up ent with the alloy. The physical prop­ erties, however, are largely dependent ... do not curl or warp. on the hardening heat treatment and are under control of the processor. WELDISKS last longer, thereby reducing costs, because, unlike Tensile strength, hardness, yield point, ordinary disks, their amazing cold-setting cement (a scientific elastic modulus, conductivity, drift, and stress relief all undergo changes during formula —not glue or resin) actually improves with age! heat treatment as shown in Fig. 13. The relative rate at which these changes take WELDISKS avoid breakage and injuries to operators because of place depends upon the initial temper their laminated backing of fibre for stiffness plus cloth for strength. of the stock, the amount of available beryllium, and the temperature selected WELDISKS are better disks. Prove it to yourself! Write for a for heat treating. Each final product re­ quires a particular combination of prop­ free sample. State size of disk, grade of grit, and brief description erties that can be best met by selecting of work to be done. A WELDISK will be sent promptly with­ the proper heal treatment. Just as m using steel, the heat treatment needs to out obligation to you. be tailored to the requirements of the finished part. One of the most striking applications wherein advantage is taken of the ability to harden beryllium copper at stress re­ lieving temperatures is shown in Fig. Parts requiring accurate shape are 1 ficult to form in thin metal by con' en tional means. The group illustrated''as pushed out of flat stock and given final

/TEEL 142 A NAME TO REMEMBER WHEN YOU THINK OF BETTER LATHES

I at these 39 points* I this cabinet turret lathe has self-lubricating bronze bearings

NO. LOCATION BEARINGS Underneath Drive 8 Reverse Gear Brocket 2 Gear Box 10 Headstock 7 Automatic Apron 6 Carriage Assembly 4 Turret Assembly 2 •TOTAL 39

’All models o f Logan Lathes are similarly protected.

SELF-LUBRICATING KEEP LOGAN LATHES READY TO RUN,

BRONZE BEARINGS ADD TO SERVICE LIFE,

NEED FAR LESS OILING

The use of self-lubricating bronze bearings in place of plain bearings is typical of Logan Lathe design. The self-lubricating bearings are of a special bronze that is absorbent in texture and impregnated with lubricant. As a shaft revolves in one of these bearings, the lubricant is gradually released in a self-controlled flow which keeps an even film of oil over contacting surfaces. In this way, even though the lubricant is only infrequently renewed, the bearing surfaces are protected. In addition, the spindle on every Logan Lathe revolves on precision preloaded ball bearings that never need lubrication. This sustained lubrication is another factor in the sustained accuracy and long life of Logan Lathes. Get the full story of the advantages offered by the complete line of Logan Lathes from your nearby Logan Lathe dealer, or write direct for a catalog.

SPECIFICATIONS COMMON TO ALL LOGAN LATHES . . . swing over bed, lO'/i". . . bed length, 4 3 Y s". . . size of hole through spindle, 25/32*. . . spindle nose diameter and threads per inch, 1V2* — 8 . . • 12 spindle speeds, 30 to 1450 rpm . . . motor, y2 hp, 1750 rpm . . . ball bearing spindle mounting . . . drum type reversing motor switch and cord . . . precision-ground ways, 2 V-ways and 2 flat-ways.

J-l 10 G A N E N G IN E E R IN G CO. CHICAGO 3 0, ILLINOIS

Ma>' 13, 1946 143 Precisian HANDLING of LOADS! KRANE KAR hoists and lowers the load by power . . . the speed form by holding Lhe parts in fixtures controlled, progressive. The load is always under the fine during heat treatment. This ability to control of the self-locking worm-drive mechanism. Load and produce very accurate shapes with spring )oom braking is automatic whenever motion is stopped. temper is one of the outstanding possi­ KRANE KAR spots a load with precision and positions '• without shock, easily, safely. No need for a skilled bilities derived from beryllium copper. operator; any man in your crew can operate In another large group of applications, KRANE KAR. Agents in principal cities. USERS: illustrated in Fig. 10, advantage is taken Bethlehem, Republic, General Motors, etc. of electrical conductivity, high endur­ ance stress, and accurate fixture forming to produce springs used in electrical Write today switches and relays. The heat treatment for Catalog for this group varies with the emphasis #5 8 on final properties. Some of the springs are used in .electrical snap switches re­ quiring a combination of high electrical conductivity and good endurance life. Others are used in relays where endur­ ance is less of a factor, but electrical con­ ductivity and accurate control of shape are important.

Adjustment Cost Reduced our unique exhibit, MARINE EXPOSITION, Usual practice in making relay switches Grand Central Palace, N. Y . , Booth N o. 2 7 , May 2 0 - 2 5 . calls for manual adjustment of spring leaves to give each one the desired pres­ T H E ORIGINAL SWING BOOM MOBILE CRANE sure. Although this is one of the largest WITH FRONT-WHEEL DRIVE AND REAR-WHEEL STEER items of assembly cost it can be con­ siderably reduced and often eliminated CAPACITIES by using the accuracy of form available in beryllium copper springs. The same technique is used to pro­ duce the coil springs in Fig. 10 to closer load test than previously available, al­ though here again a still different heat- treatment is desired because one of the requirements of precision coil springs is stability or freedom from loss in pres­ sure under load. Beryllium copper with its high spring temper attained by heat treatment offers greater stability than spring alloys which gain their temper from cold work. In the past, designers wishing to apply accurate pressures could not rely on springs, as they could not be obtained to accurate load and lacked stability. That is no longer the case. Compression coil springs can now be pro­ duced in commercial quantities to meet close load test tolerances. Beryllium copper is finding many appli­ cations as pressure diaphragms, Fig. 11- Conventional spring materials that gain their spring properties from cold working cannot be formed when rolled to suffi­ ciently high temper to give good spring properties. They must be stress relieved to gain the stability needed and this re­ ¿ 4 s sults in further loss of spring temper. WE m

144 /T E E I Sp ellin g Q u ality

in COLD DRA WING EQUIPME

First quality means VAUGHN, wherever metals are cold drawn on modern production schedules. Quality of design engineering, precision craftsmanship, fine materials, unvarying dependability . . . you get every “best” when you specify Vaughn. May we present the facts to you?

The VAUGHN MACHINERY COMPANY Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio

COMPLETE COLO D R A W IN G EQUIPMENT . . . Continuous or Single Mol* . I . for the Larg­ est Sort end Tubes . . . for the Smallest Wire , « . Ferrous, Non-Ferrous Moterlols or their Allays. wear resistant to the abrasive action of the core laminations. These parts are heat treated for maximum hardness, and give a useful life of 3,000,000 operations compared with 200,000 for the best ma­ terial previously used. T he electrical instrument frame is typical of a group of applications where beryllium copper is'not used because of its spring properties, but because it can be formed and heat treated to accurate dimensional tolerances. In this part the elimination of finished machining brought the manufacturing cost below that of a die casting, and the strength was con­ siderably above the values obtained in die casting alloys. For this part, the heat-treatment was selected to give maxi­ mum stress relief for close conformity' to the holding fixture. It can be seen from these examples that beryllium copper offers the designer of parts a spring alloy that can be fabricated into complex shapes while soft and hardened to full temper by sub­ sequent heat treatment, that it offers the corrosion resistance, conductivity, an d non-magnetic properties of the copper alloys combined with the high strength, wear, and fatigue resistance of the steels, plus greater stability and accuracy of form than available in either. By thus taking full advantage of the possi­ A t no extra engin­ bilities of beryllium copper, the designer eering cost, you can have a Reading DARK-GREEN of postwar components has a melal Electric Hoist thats which can open to view new horizons of CUSTOM-BUILT to AND PINK performance. Issolve your special materials handling WELDING RODS Powdered Metal 'V -“"' problems. Contacts Offered The Reading Unit Construction Plan DARK GREEN is recommended gives you a choice of several standard A new series of Gibsiloy silver tung­ for welds to withstand severe interchangeable mechanisms. With this sten and silver tungsten carbide elec­ abrasion and impact. It is un­ plan you can select the type of suspen­ trical contacts is offered by Gibson usually easy to apply and can sion, control, hoisting and motor unit Electric Co., 8360 Frankstown avenue, that best suits your job requirements. be used with both A. C. and Pittsburgh. Imagine the advantages you get in a D. C. welding machines. hoist "tailor m ade" to your own specifi­ Contacts are claimed to have higher cations! If your operating conditions P I N K is outstanding for resurfac­ current carrying capacity, greater non­ change, you can modernize— and save ing worn carbon steel and steel welding characteristics and longer life. costs—by simply changing one or two parts subjected to wear and Made of powdered metal, the manu­ units. abrasion. Easy to apply and facturer states that these contacts com­ See your distributor for more informa­ economical to use. Will operate prise a range of combinations in silver tion on Reading's Unit Construction with either A. C. or D. C weld- tungsten series, from 10 to 80 per cent Plan or write us today for your copy of tungsten, and in silver tungsten carbide "144 Answers To Your Hoisting Prob­ series, from 20 to SO per cent tungsten le m s." carbide, with hardnesses from SO to 100 rockwell B. READING CHAIN & BLOCK CORPORATION 2102 ADAMS ST., READING, PA.

CHAIN HOISTS • ELECTRIC HOISTS Tradename Gardwell for its line of OVERHEAD TRAVELING CRANES safety clothing and equipment was re­ cently adopted by Safety Clothing & Equipment Co., 7016 Euclid avenue, Cleveland. Company includes in its prod­ ■ ;1 4 : l L U i i 3 ucts aprons, leggings, pants, coats, sleeves, welding jackets, hats, gloves, etc., in as asbestos, chrome HOISTS leather, fireproofed duck.

/TE E I j/O modern physician has a ''favorite'' remedy U* which he recommends for all conditions. Rather, he selects from thousands of drugs the one combination which the needs of his patient demand—and prescribes them in the right proportions. The very same procedure is followed by Holcroft in designing an industrial furnace; for Holcroft engineering specialists are impartial to any one fuel or type of mechanism, and select without bias those design features which are best suited to the particular application. The result is a furnace—designed individually for the job—which meets the closest re­ quirements for volume and quality of production, with maximum operating economy. Before you invest in furnace equipment for pro­ duction work of any kind, we invite you to discuss I iLg |p your problem with our engineers—without obligation since i on your part. DESIGN

A N D COMPANY

T * 6545 EPWORTH BLVD. • DETROIT 10, MICHIGAN CHICAGO 3: C. H. MARTIN, 1017 PEOPLES GAS BLDG. • HOUSTON It R. E. McARDLE, 5724 NAVIGATION BLVD. CANADA: WALKER METAL PRODUCTS, LTD., WALKERVILLE, ONTARIO

Klay 13, 1946 Production Metallizing

(Continued from Page 93) with ys-in. wire, the Nooter shop de­ posited 40 lb of metal per hour. In this unit hard metal gears were used. It is the opinion of Nooter engineers that use on this job of 3/16-in. wire and soft metal gears, since incorporated, could in­ General Purpose crease weight of metal sprayed from 70 Dredging and Hard to 100 per cent. Digging In a later operation the company util­ Dragline ized 3/16-in. wire and special high-speed Material Handlers gears to deposit 500 lb of zinc and 250 Hook-on Type lb of tin on interiors of several storage tanks 12 ft in diameter and 25% ft long, Ore Handling the shell of each tank presenting 1000 Coal and Coke sq ft of space to be covered. With two 4-Rope Y-type units working, spraying time for Barge Type depositing zinc was 8 hr and 15 min, *Straycr Electric and for the 250 lb of tin, 5 hr and 50 min. There was an autom atic setup for Above types built In weights the two units. a n d capacities to suit your crane and job requirements Design of Gun: The production gun is designed, engineered and built entire­ Write for Data ly for automatic operation, thus mini­ mizing size and weight limitations ordi­ ADDRESS 965 GEIST ROAD narily dominant. Larger and heavier parts required for constant rather than intermittent operation are provided by the im proved design, although total weight of the gun does not exceed 11 lb. Incorporated are several features which increase operating efficiency and eliminate difficulties experienced with smaller and lighter hand equipment. For improved gas head efficiency, the gas siphon plug, which is also the nozzle seat, is a separate unit of aluminum bronze, easily removed for cleaning or replacement, see cutaway view upper right in Fig. 2. A series of individual gas siphon jets are drilled into the plug. To build up acetylene pressure by means of a siphoning action, these jets take high oxygen pressure and pressure bal­ ance of gases is no longer necessary; variations of from 2 to 10 lb in either oxygen or acetylene during operation or Merchant Iron in lighting has little or no effect. Backfire from fluctuating pressures is eliminated Your Specification Hose connections are at the rear. Three brass tubes take air, gas and oxygen flow Ranges. directly to the gas head and are per­ manently attached, doing away with joints, nipples and bends, also leaks With the elimination of pig iron allocations you will through faulty connections. A taper again find it a distinct advantage to buy N eville P ig Iron valve lighting stop permits operation . . . the product of a merchant producer with its full without valve tension. capacity available in a free market. Only from such merchant supply can you expect to find your analyses for It is believed this unit is the first piece spot shipment. Dependable quality and uniformity are, of metallizing equipment to use flu' likewise, the natural results of a product made exclusively lubrication, pum ping oil to all critica fo r sale to the trade. Let us quote on your requirements. points. A screw-type pump, c o n tin u a­ tion of the countershaft worm (not shown and operating in a close fitting sleeve, PITTSBURGH COKE & CHEMICAL COMPANY forces lubricant under pressure to e GRANT BUILDING • PITTSBURGH 19, PA. rear of the gun for operation in any Posl Plant: NEVILLE ISLAND, PITTSBURGH, PA. tion. O peration: A mechanically improved

/ T E E t Facts and Figures on New and Expanded Facilities of the Steel Industry are now revealed in STEEL EXPANSION FOR WAR By W. A. HAUCK An official report by Mr. Hauck for the War Production Board

HIS 192-page handbook is an official T report prepared for the War Pro­ duction, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and other government agencies.

Much heretofore unpublished informa­ tion is presented on new and revamped facilities of hundreds of plants, including those in the ore, ore transportation, coal and coke, refractory, ferro alloy, scrap, foundry and forging industries.

The report provides details on types of products, capacity increases, plant locations, costs, etc. Included are 148 photographs, plus charts and tables.

NEW SUPPLEMENT—An 18-page supple­ ment prepared by Mr. Hauck for the Recon­ struction Finance Corporation and included at no extra charge—brings the report completely up-to-date. It will serve as a valuable reference for many years.

STEEL—Book Department Penton Building, Cleveland 13, Ohio Please «end ...... copies of STEEL EXPANSION FOR WAR, by W. A. Hauck, postpaid. (Discount on 10 copies and over.) □ Payment is enclosed. □ Send invoice to company as shown below.

N a m e ...... T itle ......

C o m p an y ......

A d d ress......

C it y ...... Zone State ......

♦PIcmmc *dd 3% rtatc «ale* tax oc order« for delivery fax Ohio

M »y 18, 1940 No. 8 IN A SERIES...Some helpful answers to industrial lubrication problems... I controlled power unit features double braking surface and elimination of thrust on bearings. It consists of the high­ speed, reaction type, curved blade air turbine shown in forefront of Fig. 2, di­ rectly coupled to a power-absorption type governor. An excess of power is fed to the turbine for normal loads. If the load increases suddenly, power being ab­ sorbed by the governor is automatically reduced by the same amount as the in­ crease, all without change of speed. With a sudden decrease in load, the gov­ ernor operates to absorb die additional power without permitting the turbine to speed up. Exact speed of the drive, the point at which the governor operates, is selected by means of a control ring in­ tegrally mounted with the unit. Wire speeds cannot vary once the con­ trol ring is set, die latter being locked in any desired position by a spring detent ring operating in a series of grooves. The locked and indexed control ring must be forced out by hand pressure. Dual power control means less load per square inch of braking surface and the twin- disk brake design balances out dirust on die bearings. Air exhausts to a group of holes in the special control ring, rather than through a wiro mesh screen, and finds exit in the space between ring and turbine cover. Not only are bearings, worms and THE PROBLEM ^ g iarge coal-handling dock, the journal bear­ gears of heavier construcdon, but gear efficiency is increased by steeper helix ings of heavy-duty moving equipment gave trouble in hot weather angles on tile worms, with less heat and because the lubricating grease softened and ran out of the bearings. power loss. With a tall post inoundng, the gun can be set up in any position, Furthermore, during rainy weather, the lubricant was washed out of swiveled or pivoted, and the unit also the bearings. To combat this condition, excessive amounts of grease may be fixed on a counterbalance. Hous­ were used... keeping the bearings in operation, but only at extremely ing is a single-piece aluminum casting, high costs. designed to make the interior complete­ ly accessible. Fig. 3 is a close-up of the gun in op­ THE DIAGNOSIS. . . A Penola Engineer quickly realized the need eration on a production metallizing job. of a grease that would adhere well to the moving surfaces... and Accompanying table gives convincing would withstand the washing action of water and summer’s heat evidence of vast improvement in per­ formance over former records. THE PRESCRIPTION. New Electrode Prevents Underbead Cracking R, P e e t a l 1 A new, all-position mild steel elec­ trode, designed primarily to prevent un­ ^ . ak this qrease solved the problem pre- derbead cracking in welding of harden- Widely employed In steel miI , ^ Bearings now last conslder- able steels, is now available from Air sented by the coal-handling *• ,ubricatlon. The elimination of Reduction Sales Co., 60 E ast 42nd street, ably ionger and require represents a big saving in New York. Tests are said to indicate this ,be use of excessive amounts of grea electrode is satisfactory for welding low time and money for the com pany. alloy, high tensile steels, free-machining and cold-rolled steels and material to 6 vitreous-enameled after welding. The electrode, known as Airco No- Penóla 312, is also suitable on low alloy or m PENOLA LUBRICANTS H U S Pot Off steel applications where stress relieving CHICAGO, ILLINOIS . NEW YORK • DETROIT • ST LOUS is desirable but cannot be accomplish® due to lack of facilities or magnitu e P E N O L A PRODUCTS HAVE MEANT EXTRA PROTECTION SINCE 18 8 5 of application, the company states.

150 / T E E 1 STEEL BARGES FOR EVERY PURPOSE con­ structed with the quality of workmanship that goes into A L L A von­ dale-built marine equip­ ment. Barges also repair­ ed, overhauled and gas- freed.

AVONDALE M E WAYS, INC

TELEPHONE: OFFICE AND PLANT, W ALNUT 8970 RIVER FRONT.NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT,WESTWEGO; LOUISIANA

May 13, 1946 Rolling Practice

(Concluded from Page 100) CLEANED important. If the seal nms dry for the first few minutes of operation great dam­ f and CONDITIONED > age will be done in sliding the seal onto the roll neck or shaft. METAL SURFACE 3. Press fit the seal into the housing bore carefully to prevent the possibility of cocking which will distort the seal and make it eccentric. 4. Try to secure at least 1-in. square cross section for seal room in the bore. FOR DURABLE Provide outside lubrication between the LUSTROUS FINISH seals used back to back or in double re­ versed assembly. 5. When the shaft enters the seal be sure not to damage the sealing lip. Some mills are using hydraulic assembly ta­ ble or rack to place the chocks on and off the roll necks. Tins device allows, for perfect alignment. The end of the roll enters the chock and seal in a con­ centric position, 6. Tests for seal leakage may be made after the seal is in place in the ACP Processes and chock. This is done by introducing dum­ my roll neck, plugging all pipe lines and Chemicals make applying about 10 psi air pressure to possible durable the entire assembly. If the air pressure paint finishes on holds, the seal should prove satisfactory. A new one-way fired soaking pit that automobiles, trucks, has neither regenerators or recuperators refrigerators, wash­ was described by N. J. Urquhart, Fort ing-machines, aero­ Pitt Bridge Co., Canonsburg, Pa. The planes, farm ma­ pit design is a standard oblong box with chinery and other its width, length and depth in the proper ratio to the type and sizes of ingots metal products which will be heated in it. The burner requiring protective inlets and the flue outlets are located in paint finish. the same wall of one of narrow sides. In his paper on “Modem Steel Pro­ KINNEAR viding Methods,” R. W. Graham, assist­ ROLLING DOORS ant division superintendent, slab and plate mills, Camegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Through the years, the multiple ad­ vantages of coiling upward action Munhall, Pa., mentioned that most mills have won increasing, industry-wide use the term “providing” to mean the preference for KINNEAR Rolling process of converting product sizes into COLD SPRAY-GRANODINE produces a Doors— in plants of all sizes and semifinished sizes and weights, and in dense smooth zinc phosphate coating that types old and new. converting these into ingot requirements. protects steel and paint for a durable, KINNEAR advantages are quickly lustrous paint finish. apparent: by rising vertically into Methods should be positively specified a compact coif above the lintel, and completely outlined so as to elimi­ THERMOIL-GRANODINE creates a heavy KINNEAR Rolling Doors save nate guess work, and as conditions coating of iron and manganese phosphate floor, wall, and ceiling space . . . change or as new products are devel­ which when oiled retards corrosion and open out of reach of damage by wind or vehicles . . . require no oped, field studies must be. made in or­ prevents excessive wear on friction sur­ "clearance area” for operation . . . der to keep the providing procedure up- faces. When painted provides unusual and clear the entire doorway when to-date. No degree of care and accuracy protection. opened. on the part of the provider will con­ DURIDINE 210 B (formerly 210 B Deoxi- KINNEAR’S famous intcrlocking- sistently give satisfactory results unless dine) assures proper cleaning and a thin, steel-slat construction assures extra protection against fire, intrusion, ac­ frequent and thorough checks are made tight and relatively hard phosphate coat­ cidental damage, and the elements. to verify correctness of procedure. ing so essential to a bright enduring paint finish. Eor the ultimate in time-and-Iabor- A modern method of ingot providing saving efficiency, KINNEAR Motor is built around the assumption that the DEOXIDINES — Phosphoric acid metal Operators add push-button control, sum of top and bottom crops plus heat­ cleaners. Remove rust and rusters an plus any number of remote control ing losses is a constant, regardless of the prepare metal surfaces properly for las' stations if desired. KINNEAR Roll­ ing Doors are built in any size, for ingot height. This thought, the speaker ing paint finish. old or new construction. Write. stated, implies variable yield, the smaller LITHOFORM — a phosphate coating that ingots having the lower yield, and the THE K IN N EA R MFG. CO. bonds paint to galvanized, zinc or ca Factories: 1780-1800 Fields A*«., Columbus 16, Ohio maximum length ingots yielding the mium coated surfaces. "1742 Yosemite Ave., San Francisco 24, California largest percentages of useable products. O f f ic e s a n d Agents in All Principal C it ie s Metallurgical^ this per cent is sound, and in actual practice it has had the beneficial effect of increasing the America^hScafpaint Co. yields, and of reducing the number of short cuts produced. /T E E L Experience that reduces costs, saves time, and in­ creases production, im presses the strength, durability

and safety of these w afer-thin wheels.

<-°vV vv Cutting-off time, reduced from minutes to seconds, proves their speed. The fine finish left on both cut faces, BRASS evidences m inim ized vibration.

The wide range of m aterials, w et or dry, that these wheels cut so m uch better, indicates their great versa­ v o n n t i l i t y

S l t t V Every day you operate w ithout "Electro” high Speed Cut-Off W heels probably costs you m oney; lim its your B R O n Z i production; and places you at a disadvantage with com petition.

Learn why! Send TODAY for free copy v * # s of the most talked-of catalog in industry, our new abrasive wheel manual No. 645.

IS. . REFRACTORIES • CRUCIBLES • STOPPERS • ALLOYS • GRINDING WHEELS

kWARE AVENUE w**'«-«• • - ■ ‘ • to* Angeles

M ay 13, 1946 Air-Operated Fixtures strand milling machine for milling the ends of our compressor cylinder block in (Continued from Page 96) FOOTHOLD loaded position. Fixture formerly used (o prevent chatter and slipping while on this operation involved use of loca­ they are being milled, thus reducing ting mandrels, split washers and nuts. cutter breakage by eliminating possibi­ Operator was responsible for tightening lity of operator not drawing the holding nuts on fixture so piece was held firmly FOR bar tight enough with a wrench. Former and this was a slow operation. By in­ standard allowed 0.623 min handling stalling a brake chamber and two-way time per piece, as compared with new valve on the fixture and eliminating the allowed time of 0.176 min per piece large locating mandrels this operation with the brake chamber fixture. was speeded up enough to pay for the FASTENING Cylinder Block Milling Fixture: Fig. controls, in less than 2 weeks. With pres­ 5 shows a fixture used for milling small sure maintained by brake chamber there compressor cylinder blocks in loaded is no danger of the piece shifting during position. This fixture replaced a hand operation. A saving of about $750 per operated bar fixture used on Cincinnati year in direct labor was effected from milling machine. Fixture is equipped this operation. with two Bendix-Westinghouse brake Fixture For Pressing Oil Seal Into in non-m etallic m aterials chambers as the heavier cut taken on End Cover: Fig. 9 shows a fixture used cylinder blocks requires more holding to press conventional oil seals, such as pressure than on crankcases. Time saved Chicago rawhide leather seals, into the on this operation amounts to 0.447 min. small end covers used on our compres­ Figured in dollars based on our present sors in loaded position. This operation production, savings on this one opera­ was formerly done on a hydraulic arbor tion alone amount to $644 per year. press. The press took up considerable Test Fixture For Treadle Type Brake floor space, had to be located at end of Valve: Fig. 4 shows a fixture used to line and was a safety hazard because pieces involved in operation were small make pneumatic inspection tests on a and irregular and had to be held by treadle type air brake valve assembly. hand during pressing operation. A very Fixture, in the loaded position, was de­ signed to eliminate manual screwing of efficient press has been made using fittings to the part during test. The No. a brake chamber operated by two-way valves. Pieces are positioned below ram. 1 valve operates the top brake chamber Ram is lowered by hand to position, then to secure the valve in the fixture. The both hands are removed from fixture to No. 2 valve advances three plungers at operate the valves applying air to brake once to close the ports on the valve. chamber—which in tum presses oil seal Steady pressure exerted by brake cham­ ber gives an air tight seal insuring an in place. Chance of injury has been eli­ minated as press will not function unless accurate test. Two-way valve mounted both valves are operated at same time. on bench turns on air for leakage test Som e savings in assem bly labor are in­ and hand. Valve at right supplies air volved here but main consideration was to an air cylinder that actuates pedal of safety. valve as in actual operation. Fatigue Crankshaft Milling Fixture: Fig. 10 operations eliminated by using air con­ ERI-’S A NEW , h an d y m e m b e r o f the shows a fixture used to position and hold trols to seal and actuate the valve pedal B. F. Goodrich Rivnut family with j a compressor crankshaft during the key­ make it possible for a girl to test this a special splined shank to prevent turn­ way milling operation in the loaded posi­ valve—previously, all tests of this type ing. This splined Rivnut is used in tion. This fixture is used on a Kent- were made by men. Savings realized on Owens hand feed miller, milling the wood, thermoplastics, leather, hard this operation amount to $.026 per valve rubber or other materials where it is or monthly savings of $128.50. keyway on crankshafts. Need for ac­ necessary to anchor a nut firmly for at­ curate locating and substantial grip on Natco Drilling Fixture: Fig. 7 shows taching accessories. It’s simple to in­ this operation prompted the changeover a fixture used on a Natco 3B-L machine stall, low in cost, foolproof! Comes in from a hand operated cam fixture to the for drilling and boring operations on brake chamber fixture. Operator posi­ aluminum and brass in 4-, 6-, 10-32, cylinder heads for compressors in loaded tions piece against stops with one hand, and M-20 sizes. Full facts on this and position. This fixture is constructed with and turns on air with other. Air operation other Rivnuts in newly edited booklet. four air cylinders which 'will later be of this fixture affords direct labor sav­ changed to brake chambers. Clamping ings of approximately $600 per Get “RIVNUT DATA BOOK” Now the heads by air eliminates tightening year. each piece in various positions by hand. Cylinder Block Rough Boring Fixture: The whole story about One operated foot-valve operates all five Rivnuts in 40 fact-packed Fig. 12 shows a fixture used to hold pages. Clearly illustrated j positions at one time. This was original­ a compressor cylinder block during rough in "how-to-do-it” fashion, ly set up this way and it is estimated cylinder boring operation in the loaded full data on tools, tests, etc. that it gives about 50 per cent more Find out if Rivnuts are the position. This fixture was designed for answer to your fastening production than if it were hand mechan­ accurate locating and rigidly holding the ically operated. problems. Write for your part for a critical operation. Two brake VRivnut Data. Book” to Cylinder Block End Milling Fixture: B.F.Goodrich,Dept. S-5, chambers are used, one on each side, Akron, Ohio. Fig. 8 shows a fixture used on a Sund- and pressure exerted insures holding of

154 /■tee1 the piece without slipping or vibration during boring operation and two-way valve enables operator to secure piece with finger tip control. By replacing the D O E S A H O R S E old manual operated fixture with the present brake chamber fixture, a 20 per cent increase in production was realized on this operation. Rifle Drill Fixture For Crankshafts: PULL Fig. 13 shows a fixture used to hold com­ OR pressor crankshafts during rifle drilling operations in the loaded position. This crankshaft holding fixture used on a Leland Gifford hydraulic feed retracting type drill press is another example of PUSH? Ihe advantages realized by using brake chambers to supply sufficient power to Some persons argue that, since a horse power between shafts whose axes are securely hold parts for machining. D ril­ pushes his collar, he is, in effect, pushing parallel. OTTUMWA GEAR REDUCTION ling long oil holes in crankshafts re­ the load. The debate then centers about UNITS are furnished in single, double and the efficiency of the transmission. triple reductions; respective ratio capaci­ quires rigidity of work as a slight shift There is no argument about the effi­ ties are 2-1 to 10-1 — 10-1 to 60-1— 50-1 or vibration of the crankshaft will cause ciency of OTTUMWA-Sykes generated her­ to 200-1. Single reduction unit here has drill breakage and creates scrap. By ringbone gears. The continuous teeth, the cover removed. O T T U M W A will help replacing the old bar and nut type fix­ true involute, utilize every fraction of face you select the proper reducer, or cut gears width, giving full bearing surface, creating from your own blanks up to 10'2" dia., tures with the present type brake cham­ the most economical and most efficient 24" face. Our catalog, filled with valuable ber fixtures it has been made possible for system yet devised for the transmission of technical data, will be mailed on request. one operator to run four spindles at once. Wo estimate a 100 per cent, increase in production per manhour as against hand mechanical clamping. Drill Fixture For Nam e Plate H oles: Fig. 14 shows a fixture used to hold a small compressor crankcase during the name plate drilling operation in the loaded position. This fixture is used on a Leland Gifford drill press for dril­ ling four rivet holes to attach the name plate to the crankcase. One brake cham ­ ber and a two-way valve are used on this fixture. Form erly done by loading the piece into a fixture and fastening with a split washer and thumbscrew, the operation has shown a 15 per cent in­ crease in production with installation of a>r controls. Connecting Rod Babbitting Fixture: Fig. 11 shows a fixture used to babbitt compressor connecting rods in loaded Position. This four station air operated ixture replaced the old hand method or babbitting fixtures. Parts to be bab- itted are positioned in fixture and top a f of fixture is lowered to position. °'ver applied by air chamber insures a tight seal over piece and keeps babbitt rom running out of fixture. Savings in '‘me of this meihod over the old enabled Us to W f°r the fixture installation and show a savings of $5800 the first •ear. In addition to this there also was substantial saving in the am ount of e\\ °j- - due (0 (he tight seai provided by b Kk-k °kambers. It also is possible to jit oil seals in the same fixtures by ®crc y changing the locator in the fix-j re. A big saving has been made by rmnating the hand operation of re- ni°' °/ afler babbitting has taken e (in illustration, done by an air Perated pin ejector.)

13, 1946 t f l u s i e s m

CONTINUED SHRINKING of the nation’s bituminous RAILROADS— An estimated deficit of $42,400,000, after coal supplies as miners remained away from work lowered interest and rentals, was incurred by Class 1 railroads in industrial production one index point in the week ended March, compared with a net profit of $62,931,000 in M a y 4. March, 1945. In the first quarter of 1946 they had an However, through that date (after five weeks of the estimated net income, after interest and rentals, of $17,- coal strike) industry had displayed considerable resistance 100,000, compared with $146,698,000 in the correspond­ to the miners’ strike by drawing on reserve coal stocks, ing period of last year. Total operating revenues in the and as a result S t e e l ’s industrial production index at 120 first quarter of 1946 totaled $1,866,113,380, compared per cent (preliminary) for the week ended May 4 still was with $2,276,234,529 in the same period of 1945 or an well above the 74 per cent low mark reached in the 18 per cent decrease. Operating expenses in die first fourth and final week of the steel strike early this year. quarter of 1946 amounted to $1,568,170,303, compared with $1,574,092,307 in the corresponding period of 1945. Principal factors in lowering S t e e l ’s industrial produc­ or a decrease of 0.4 per cent. Expenses for the first quar­ tion index are reduced steel ingot output and railroad ter, 1946, include approximately $147 million of back pay car loadings. Electric power output had held up well resulting from the recent wage increase of 16 cents an through May 4 but unless coal stocks are replenished hour. These charges were made in the March accounts. soon a sharp decline will occur because of fuel shortages Fifty-nine Class 1 railroads failed to earn interest and and resultant “brown-outs” that have been instituted in rentals in the first quarter of 1946. Volume of ton-miles several areas. Automobile production through the week of revenue freight traffic handled by Class 1 railroads ended May 4 had increased for nine consecutive weeks, in March has been estimated at 52 billion, highest this although it was nearing the point where fuel shortages year, but 19 per cent under March, 1945. would reverse that trend. CONSTRUCTION— Demand for construction is reflected COAL— At the end of the fourth week of the bituminous in the F. W. Dodge Corp.’s report that construction con­ coal miners’ strike, production of soft coal this year tracts awarded in the 37 states east of the Rocky moun­ through Apr. 27 had fallen 15.9 per cent, or 31,084,000 tains in March totaled $697,593,000, compared with tons, behind output for the corresponding period of 1945. $387,399,000 in February and $357,501,000 in January

j ■ j i ■ i i i i i tiii iiit i » * i t i * i i " i * i n » i i i i i i í n i i n n i i n i i t t i i i i i i t i i r~i m * i i i i 1 6 0 / l E E I ’s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX 150 WEEKLY AVERAGE, 1936-1939 “ 100 Based upon and weighted as follows: Steelworks Operations 35%; Electric Power Output 23%; 140 Freight Car Loadings 22%; and Automobile Assemblies (Ward's Reports) 20%. 130

Ö » 2 0 85 HO 1 0 0 90 80 70

The Index (see chart above): Latest Week (preliminary) 120 Previous Week 121 Month Ago 123 FIGURES THIS WEEK Year L atest Prior Month Ago INDUSTRY Period0 Week Ago 95 70 81.5 Steel ingot Output (per cent of capacity)! . 64.5 4.397 4,012 3,977 3.988 2,035 Rihiminnus Coal Production (daily nv.- -1000 tons). 125 118 2 .2 1 1 4,446 4.829 Petmleum Production (daily av.— 1000 4.721 4.672 $40.6 $131.6 $131.0 $108.8 20,470 Automobile and Truck Output (Ward’s— number units)...... 67,585 64.620 47,735 “Dates on request. Î1946 weekly capacity is 1,762,381 net tons. 1945 weekly capacity was 1,831,636 tons.

TRADE 863 645 Freight Carlnadings (unit— 1000 cars)...... 651 f 660 23 19 Business Failures (Dun & Bradstrect. number)...... 24 17 $26,204 $27,912 Money in Circulation (in millions of dollars)! ...... $27.888 $27,877 + 10% Department Store Sales (change from like week a year ago)!...... + 2 6 % + 5 1 % + 12% iPreliminary. (Federal Reserve Board.

1 56 ¿V E E L THE BUSINESS TREND

Iron Ore (Lake Superior Iron Ore Assn.) Gross Tons— 000 omitted Stocks at Labe Erie dock. Consumption and furnaces 1946 1945 1946 1945 Jan...... 3,719 6,983 35.342 30,889 Fob...... 1,748 6.371 33.647 24,577 Mar...... 0,021 7.082 27,001 17.304 6.642 16.429 6.872 20.715 6.397 24.847 July ___ 6,532 29.485 Aug. . . . 5.658 34.781 Sept. . . . 5.837 39.549 4,491 45,090 Nov. 5.611 44.700 6.099 39.059

Total . . . 74,570

Fabricated Structural Steel (1000 tons) ---- Shipments---- Backlogs------1046 1945 1944 1946 1945 1944 Jan. . . 89.3 57.0 35.2 552 124.4 113.1 Feb. . .. 50.3 49.0 42.9 551 151.6 117.6 Mur. . . . 86.9 59.5 41.4 605 153.3 106.3 Apr. . . 62.8 44.5 162.5 111.2 May . . 72.6 50.7 165.7 116.3 June . . 69.2 43.0 195.2 122.7 July 69.9 45.3 194.0 125.4 Aug. . . 70.6 55.2 201.1 130.4 Sept. . . 63.4 57.5 248 5 151.1 Oct. . . 76 0 61.6 282.8 174.4 Nov. 78.0 59.4 304.9 184.2 Dec. . . 68.8 61.3 375.2 142.5

Total 797.4 597.9

Index of M anufacturers’ D urable Goods (Mo. Ave. 1939 = 100) Order. Shipment. Inventories 1946 1945 1946 1945 1940 1945 January . . 177 267 167 354 172 190 February. 170 326 155 394 174 189 March . . . 351 382 189 April 267 389 189 May ...... 177 381 189 June...... 182 356 189 July ...... 179 320 187 August . . . 53 262 185 September 121 216 185 October . . 160 203 182 November 171 200 177 December 172 199 171

Average 202 303 185

Year FINANCE la t e s t Prinr Month Perú «1° W eek Ago Ago Bank Clearings (Dun & Brndstreet— millions). . . ___ $12.420 $11,371 $13.004 $11,039 Federal Cross Deht (hill inns) ...... $272.9 $274.3 $274.5 $235.1 Volume, W SE (millions)...... $34.4 $20.8 $25.0 $83.8 slocks Sides, NYSE (ihnusands) ...... 5.410 7.282 8.127 7.852 i;Ojm<5 and Investments (billions)!...... $05.3 $05.5 $00.0 $57.1 Untied Slnies Gov't. Obliunlions Held (millions) f . ___ $40,935 $47,050 $40,818 $42,854 ti ember banks, Federal Reserve System.

prices

T i w ^ ' s cnmrK1';'te finished steel price average. $08.54 $03.34 $03.54 $57.55 All Commodities! 1 0 'l.ñ jn n .G 1 OS.7 105.7 Industrial R,.w Mnterinlsf...... 122.7 123.0 1 2 1 . L 118.2 Mamd., ctnred Pmdnctsf ...... 103.1 105.1 104.5 101.9 I Bureau of Lal,or Statistics Index, 1926 = 100.

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PAGE STEEL AND WIRE DIVISION AMERICAN CHAIN & CABLE

1 5 8 L IP I? (SDL UT 1. Carbon & Alloy Steel Data 10. Electroplating 15. Strain G ages Bliss & Laughlin, Inc.— Steel Datalator slide Acme Plating Co.— 16-page illustrated book­ Baldwin Locomotive Works, Baldwin South­ chart provides data on carbon and alloy steels. let entitled “Behind The Scenes in a Modem wark Div.— 24-page illustrated bulletin No. 179 AISI designations and grades are covered. Hard­ Plating Shop” describes company’s facilities in contains complete data on SR-4 bonded re­ ness conversion table and information on chem­ zinc, cadmium and hard chromium electro­ sistance wire strain gages and alternating cur­ ical compositions, furnace treatment, carburiz- plating operations. Advantages of various types rent operated low-level voltage amplifiers. Typi­ ing treatments, and end-qucncli hardcnability of coatings are discussed, cal applications and uses of various gages are bands are shown. lit Steel Castings shown. 2. Lens For W elding Vulcan Iron Works— 8-page illustrated bulle­ 16. Tubing American Agile Corp.—Illustrated sheet, bul­ tin No. A-423 describes company’s facilities for Agaloy Tubing Co.— 12-page illustrated book­ letin No. 124, describes Metalklad lens for producing carbon and alloy steel castings for let entitled “Plan with Agaloy Tubing” dis­ eye protection in welding. Comparison of ordi­ sugar mill machinery, locomotives, rotary kilns cusses seamless, welded, spiral-brazed, cold nary lens and this lens are shown. Greater visi­ and electric hoists. Castings up to approximately drawn, composite, stainless steel, monel, inconel bility, minimum glare, full eye protection and 40,000 pounds can be produced in large vol­ and nickel tubing and tubular forms. Metals, improved welding efficiency are claimed for ume. tolerances, temper, finish sizes, shapes and lens. 12. Machine Tool Accessories weight of tubing are covered. 3. Surface Grinding Zagar Tool, Inc.— 26-page illustrated catalog 17. Cutting Tools Blanchard Machine Co.— 78-page illustrated presents information on company’s line of collet Acromatic Tool Co.— 56-page illustrated cat­ booklet entitled “Work Done on the Blanchard— tools, broaching machines and multiple drill alog No. 46 covers complete range of standard Third Edition” contains data on machining and heads for milling, drilling, tapping, grinding, carbide tipped reamers, shell reamers, twist •finishing of flat surfaces. M aterials ground in­ slotting, turning and broaching operations. Di­ drills, core drills, stub screw machine reamers, clude ferrous and nonferrous metals as well as mensions and list prices are included. counterbores, milling cutters, saws and turning glass, carbon, plastics and minerals such as tools. Special carbide and high speed steel tools quartz, agato and sapphire. 13. M etal Forming M achinery are described also. Yoder Co.— 12-page illustrated bulletin G451 4. Dust Control Equipment covers roll forming equipment, rotary gang 18. Time Controls American Air Filter Co.— 34-page illustrated slitters, side trimmers, tube and pipe mills, cut­ Automatic Temperature Control Co.—Illus­ bulletin No. 270-A presents tables, charts and off equipment, recoilers, uncoilers, coil boxes trated catalog contains reprints covering elec­ discussions on Roto-Clone dust control equip­ and special metal forming machinery. Bending trically operated time controls for installation in ment Also explained are pressure relationships and edging machines and plate levelers are various machines and processes which use oper­ in exhaust system and methods o f measurement. shown also. ating devices such as motors, valves, solenoids, Included are applications o f unit in metal relays, signals or heaters. grinding, sawing, sand conditioning, electric 14. Heat Treating Equipment furnaces, die sinking and others. American Gas Furnace Co.— 24-page illus­ 19. Stainless Steels trated catalog No. C-1302 describes line of gas Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp.— 100-pago 5. Stainless Fabrication carburizers, forges, blowpipes and burners, handbook contains data on 26 types of stainless Mfg. Co.—4-page illustrated folder melters, automatic quenching tanks, pyrometers, and heat resisting steels, their corrosion resistance . Stainless Fabrication & Engineering by Alloy” blowers and pots, oven, tube and high speed to 230 materials, properties, products, avail­ introduces many intricate fabricating problems furnaces for various heat treating operations. able forms and sizes, and fabrication methods. and their solution as engineered by company, tandard stainless steel type numbers and an­ alyses are presented for easy reference. Pictured applications include pressure tanks, piping, heat exchanger and cabinet. 6. Alloy Castings H U T CLASS Alloy Casting Co.— 20-page illustrated catalog PERMIT N«. M covers company’s line of precision, light section (5 m . S10 P.L.km.) oy castings. Engineering services rendered Cleveland, OUe castings of nickel chromium, chrome nickel, * aight chrome, chrome nickel m anganese and stainless steel alloys are discussed. 7* Transformers BUSINESS REPLY CARD ■Chalmers Mfg. Co.— 4-page illustrated No Postage Stamp Necessary if Mailed in the United States im Gr ^ “There Are 2 Ways” describes proved method of spotting sm all dry-type onners at load centers next to machines 4 a POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY- » ey ,serye. Results are said to be reduction of volt heavy secondary line required for low ges, minimizing of line drop, constant volt- STEEL t" stepped-up motor and lamp per- Penton Building i&cluded.0' ^ eC^an^ca^ data and list prices are ReaderT Service Depf. CLEVELAND 13, OHIO 8. Name Plates f l w i S 1? “ , Plate & Mf2- Co.— 8-pago ed folder describes company's line of for °! vf6** scales and rules, dials j c radios and scientific instruments, y,:*. ra aad formed parts,-instruction plates DaniO e f diagrams and copy, instrument STEEL Nam« DOse p*ates for diesel locomotives. * e plates are made of metals including steel, 1213 West Third St., Cleveland 13, Ohio st&ini4 ununum* hrass, bronze, nickel silver and «ainless steel. Please have literature circled at left sent to me. 1 11 21 31 41 Arc Welding Accessories NAME t n i J t 2 12 22 32 42 booklet ^ales ^°*— 12-page illustrated 3 13 23 33 43 for all tvT^SCf CS ^ “ Pkte hue of accessories COMPANY hozis. T ° arc wef^l°S machines and opera- 4 14 24 34 44 electrndA^ij °* e^LulPmcnt covered include «able Sraphite electrodes, welding 5 15 25 35 45 PRODUCTS listed are and luSs- A1«0 6 16 26 36 46 MANUFACTURED headceir helmets, goggles, face shields, honal k -apr?ns* gfoves and sleeves. Addi- T 17 27 37 47 section is devoted to Airco Heliwelding. $ 18 28 38 48 ADDRESS t IP 29 39 49 CITT AND STATE «0 so 30 40 50 T ill und MUST Be eempletMr filled eut. P/ease TYPE or PRINT 20. Stripped Thread Repair 25. Lubricants 30. Abrasives Aircraft Screw Products Co.—-4-page illus­ Brooks Oil Co.— 12-pago illustrated booklet Brightboy Industrial Div., Weldon Roberts trated folder No. 300 contains instructions for discusses advantages of L P. Leadolene lubri­ Rubber Co.— 12-page illustrated catalog No. 57 installing Hcli-Coils in tapped thread repair cant for mill tables; mill pinions; circulating describes Brightboy abrasive wheels, tablets, work. Included are specifications and parts oil and hydraulic systems; open and enclosed sticks, rods and blocks which are available in numbers of accessory tools recommended for gears; flexible couplings; wire rope; worm Tuff-Tex, Fine-Tex and standard types for use with inserts for American National and spark drives; rolling mill screwdowns; and open, burring, finishing and polishing metals and met­ plug tapped threads. enclosed, horizontal, vertical, inclined, high al parts. or low speed screw*. 21. Hobbing Machine 31. Compression Molding Presses Barber-Colman Co.—-4-page illustrated book­ 26. Plant Sites Watson-Stillman Co.— 8-page illustrated bul­ let describes type S automatic hobbing ma­ San Francisco Chamber of Commerce— 30- letin No. 640-A describes semiautomatic com­ chine for high speed, continuous hobbing of page illustrated brochure entitled “The San pression molding presses available in capacities spur gears and pinions for small precision in­ Francisco Bay Region As a Factory Location” from 50 to 1200 tons. Unit is suitable for mold­ struments such as meters, clocks, watches, covers such subjects as environment, geography, ing either by compression or transfer method cameras, motion picture apparatus, etc. Fea­ transporation, materials, markets, labor, sites and can be obtained with self-contained or tures, advantages, design details, dimensions and buildings, power, fuel and water, capital separate power unit. and specifications are covered. and credit, taxes and waste disposal and drain­ 32. Relays age. 22. Clamshell Buckets Ward Leonard Electric Co.— 8-pago illus­ 27. Casting Process trated bulletin No. 130 contains data on heavy Blaw-Knox Co.— 40-page illustrated catalog duty relays; single pole, single break relays; No. 2059 contains application, design details and Austenal Laboratories, Inc.— 8-page illustrat­ single pole, double break relays; double pole installation data of four-rope clamshell buckets ed catalog “Microcast Process” explains origin relays with common feed; double pole, single for handling coal, iron ore, open hearth slag, and development of Microcast process, its in­ break relays; three and four pole relays; double lake boat cargoes of many kinds, and most dustrial advantages, range and type of castings throw relays; latching relays and double throw granular, free-flowing muterials. Line drawings and their applications in industry. Completely transfer relays. Complete specifications and show various types of buckets and manner in new range of alloys and cast parts with un­ prices are listed. which they are geared and reeved. usual physical properties is discussed. 33. Punch Presses 23. Diamond Wheels 28. Safety Tools Walsh Press & Die Co.—4-page illustrated Bay State Abrasive Products Co.—24-page Ampco Metal Inc.— 28-page illustrated cata­ bulletin No. 945 is descriptive of open back illustrated booklet gives data on standard dia­ log No. 117 covers safety tools made of Ampco inclinable punch presses with 6, 10, 15, 20, mond vitrified bonded wheels. Cups, dishes, metal and beryllium copper. More than 500 30, 50 and 80-ton capacities. Presses are built internal wheels, mounted points and hand hones items are listed and include tools subjected to in flywheel, geared or combination geared mod­ are described also. Supplementary discount especially severe service. They are recommended els and all wheels are furnished with solid schedule covers percentage of discounts for for use in presence of explosive liquids, fumes, webs. vitrified, resinoid and metal bonded abrasive gases and dust. Applications of tools in indus­ products. trial plants are pointed out. 34. Flexible Couplings John Waldron Corp.— 20-page illustrated cat­ 24. Recorders & Controllers 29. Carbide Tool Grinder alog No. 57 describes standard and special Bristol Co.— 28-page illustrated bulletin No. Willey*» Carbide Tool Co.— 4-page illustrated types of series A flexible gear type couplings. pH 1302 contains data on continuous pH re­ folder 1» descriptive of model 50-A carbide Typical installations ore shown and cutaway cording and controlling instruments for use in tool grinder equipped for wet and dry grinding. drawings illustrate construction features. Data water, food and by-products, metals, paper, Unit handles rough, semifinish and finish grind­ on Walflcx seal which hermetically seals coup­ chemical, textile, rubber and plastics industries. ing of tool bits ranging up to maximum of 2 ling against breathing to eliminate oxidation of Immersion and flow type electrode assemblies indies squaro or equal cross section area. Spe­ oil is included. and various electrodes are discussed. cifications and accessories are listed. 35. Hand Screw Machine W ade Tool Co.— 12-page illustrated booklet presents data on models No. 5 and No. 7 band screw machines. Form er has %-inch collet capacity and latter has 1-inch collet capacity. STEEL Spindle speeds of both models, in ratio of 4 to 1, are 315, 515, 825, 1270, 2005 and 3300 1213 West Third St., Cleveland 13, Ohio revolutions per minute. Please have literature circled at left sent to me. 36. Chains and Attachments 1 U 21 31 41 Woodhouse Chain Works— 88-page illustrat­ NAME TITLE ed catalog No. 45 contains information on hij- 3 13 22 32 42 tory, specifications, care and use of chains 33 43 3 13 23 COMPANY and attachments. Prepared specifically for buy­ 14 24 34 44 ers, engineers, users and architects, catalog 4 contains tables on metric conversion, weights S 15 25 35 45 PRODUCTS of round steel and wire gages. MANUFACTURED i 16 26 36 46 37. Motor Frames T 17 27 37 47 American Welding & Mfg. Co.— 4-page illus­ S 18 28 38 4« ADDRESS trated folder “ W elded Motor Frames” list* assemblies manufactured and features presented 9 19 29 39 49 Cfl'T AND STATE by welding process. Fabrication of parts to 10 30 30 40 50 close tolerances is also discussed. Frames an Tbh card MUST be completely filled out. Please TYPE or PRINT assemblies for alternating and direct curren motors are diagrammed. 38. Pumps Worthington Pump & Machinery Corp-- ^ " page illustrated bulletin No. W-413-B30 scribes type VST variable stroke triplex P? pumps for stationary or marine boiler g» direct operation of hydraulic presses, pro u ^ FIRST CLASS pipe line pumping and process charging in c em PERMIT No. 88 ical plants and refineries. Diagrammatic (Sec. 8 10 P X .& R .) ment showing pumping and control mecbaius Cferdwd. OUe is included. 39. Steel Floor Plate Alan Wood Steel Co.—16-page pushed pocket folder entitled “A. W. Rolled BUSINESS REPLY CARD Floor Plate” furnishes engineers and purchaj®“* No Postage Stamp Necewary if Mailed in the United State# agents with complete data pertaining to ° rolled steel floor plate patterns which ^ 4 a POSTAGE Will BE PAID BY- signed to meet every possible flooring pro in industry and transportation. Inclu ^ engineering blue prints and application 1 ui STEEL tionj. Table« of weight» and sixes are ** Penton Building Readers' Servlet Depł, CLEVELAND 13, OHIO Rough, Rugged Road Faces DISTRICT STEEL RATES (Percentage of Ingot Capacity Engaged Steel Industry's Recovery in Leading Districts) W eek Ended SameWeek Much time necessary to refill raw material reserves May 11 Change 1945 1944 Pittsburgh 45 — 10.5 92 93.5 . . . Freight embargo hastens closing of plants . . . Chicago ...... 53 —13.5 98 101.5 Eastern Pa. . . . 57 — 14 93 94 Downward movement accelerated Youngstown . . . 45 — 7 92 96 W heeling 74.5 —11.5 91.5 102.5 Cleveland 78 — 8 .9 3 .5 91.5 REGARDLESS of the further extent of the soft coal strike Buffalo ...... 49 —25.5 90.5 90.5 Birmingham . . . 44 — 20 95 95 the steel and iron industry faces a long and difficult road in New England. . 80 — 5 90 90 getting hack to anything like normal. Fuel reserves have Cincinnati 89 + 6 87 89 St. Louis 54.5 + 5 80 79.5 reached virtual exhaustion and even if mining were resumed Detroit ...... 84 — 3 88 89 at once more than a month w ould be required to assure Estimated national rate ...... 55.5 — 9 95 blast furnaces sufficient coke to operate effectively in supplying 99 steelmakers and foundries. Based on weekly steelmaking capacities of 1,762,381 net :ons for 1946: 1,831,636 tons Paralysis of the industry is proceeding at an accelerating for 1945; 1,791,287 tons for 1944. rate that promises almost complete shutdown within a short time. Not only are blast furnaces and steel plants being closed but consumers of steel are also being forced to cut produc­ tion deeply and in many cases to cease altogether. Ingot per cent, Wheeling 11% points to 74%, Buffalo 25% points production is falling each week and with the rail embargo to 49, Chicago 13% points to 53, eastern Pennsylvania 14 points cutting off movement of raw materials, as well as finished to 57, Youngstown 7 points to 45, Birmingham 20 points to products, little margin remains for hope of making steel or 44, Cleveland 8 points to 78, Detroit 3 points to 84, and obtaining it for fabrication. New England 5 points to 80. Cincinnati gained 6 points to One effect of the freight embargo has been to cause some 89 per cent and St. Louis 5 points to 54%. West Coast producers who still have some raw material on hand to in- steelmakers showed no change, at 84 per cent. icate they would close this week. E ven m ills in the elec- When steel production is resumed consumers will find little W ed areas in the East claimed it would not be worth the opportunity for placing further orders. Mills generally have c °rt to ship only to destinations where steam haulage would not opened books for next year and the fact remains that “ot be required. They are also faced by difficulty of ob- most have obligations running well into 1947. Because of ajning supplies under embargo conditions and believe that setbacks in production constantly being received as result of " lat m’Sht be en route to arrive in the early days of tire labor disturbances the carryover at the end of the year is ex­ str£Pa^6 C0U^ ke used to better advantage after the coal pected to be heavy, being definitely assured in a number s e than to attempt to carry on under present conditions. of products. This condition will be accentuated in direct Steelworks operations last week dropped 9 points further, proportion to the length of the coal strike. unging the estimated national rate to 55% per cent of ca­ Pig iron supply is decreasing steadily, with a greater de­ pacity This week is expected to show a sharper decline cline expected this week, as fuel supply deteriorates. Many as ue stocks shrink and the rail embargo causes further foundries are closing, others operating part time. Both coke ainrent. Last week Pittsburgh dropped 10% points to 45 and pig iron are short and scrap is almost unobtainable in grades used in the foundry. JAN 100 FEB. MAR, APR MAY lJUNE (JULY AUG. ISEPtI OCT.! NOV OFC Scrap in general is scarce but demand has suffered no di­ 100 --- X./* ■s STEELWORK5 OPERATIONS-1946 minution, melters seeking to obtain tonnage for use when V-' A . ------CO < 1946 . _ conditions return to normal, as inventories in almost all cases 1945 ...... / are low and the certain shortage of pig iron makes scrap BO / V ~\ /\ \ / a necessity. With shortened steel supply to consumers the •/ « Í 70 / -- i-— : .< / : output of industrial scrap is cut to almost nothing. The situ­ 0 \ — :/ \ ; 70 È ation is further complicated by inability to ship scrap under •i 60 < 60_ Q. the rail embargo. The best that can be done is to move u \ < as much as possible by truck or to option material for later O 50 O b- - j o £ shipment. t- U40 « 2 Movement of Lake Superior iron ore in April was far be­ o: low that of the same month last year, totaling 729,902 gross a 30 Oí 30 "Ua tons, compared with 7,282,074 tons. Canadian ore totaled 20 76,140 tons, compared with 46,932 tons in the same month 20 last year. Movement this year promises to be much smaller 10 than in 1945, the season opening later and lack of fuel pre­ 10 ■----Í venting ships operating full time. Reserves of ore at furnaces ■UaIu £ l l u _ H r Lli-i -L-LLijA ll i i l L JLL.lJJL.jl 1. 11 n. 9 and Lake Erie ports are much larger than a year ago. May 13> 1946 1 6 1 MARKET PRICES

COMPOSITE MARKET AVERAGES

One Three One Five Month Ago Months Ago Year Ago Years Ago M ay 11 M ay 4 Apr. 27 Apr., 1946 F eb ., 1946 M ay, 1945 May, 1941 Finished Steel ...... $63.54- $63.54 $63.54 $63.54 $60.91 $57.73 $56.73 Semifinished Steel .... 40.60 40.60 40.60 40.60 37.80 36.00 36.00 Steelmaking Pig Iron . . 25.50 25.50 25.50 25.50 24.75 24.00 23.00 Steelmaking Scrap .... 19.17 19.17 19.17 19.17 19.17 19.13 19.17 Finished Steel Composite:—Average of industry-wide prices on sheets, strips, bars, plates, shapes, wire, nails, tin plate, standard and line pipe. Semifinished Steel Composite:— Average of industry-wide prices on billets, slabs, sheet bars, skelp and wire rods. Steelmaking Pig Iron Composite: Average of basic pig iron prices at Bethlehem, Birmingham, Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland, Neville Island, Granite City and Youngstown. Steelworks Scrap Composite:— Average of No. 1 heavy melting steel prices at Pittsburgh, Chicago and eastern Pennsylvania. Finished steel, net tons; others, gross tons.

C O M P A R IS O N OF PRICES

Representative Market Figures for Current Week; Average for last Month, Three Months and One Year Ago Finished Material and Wire Rods, cents per lb; coke, dollars per net ton; others dollars per gross ton. Finished Material Pig Iron May 11, Apr., Feb., May. May 11, Apr., Feb., May, 1946 1946 1946 1945 1946 1946 1946 1945 Steel bars, Pittsburgh ...... 2.50c 2.50c 2.375c 2.17c Bessemer, del. Pittsburgh 527 69 527.69 526.94 526.19 Steel bars, Philadelphia ...... 2.82 2.82 2.695 2.495 Basic, Valley ...... 26.00 26.00 25.25 24.50 Steel bars, Chicago ...... 2.50 2.50 2.375 2.17 Basic, eastern del. Philadelphia...... 27.84 27.84 27.09 26.34 Shapes, Pittsburgh ...... 2.35 2.35 2.225 2.10 No. 2 idry., del. Pgh. N. & S. sides . . 27.19 27.19 26.44 25.69 Shapes, Philadelphia ...... 2.465 2.465 2.340 2.215 No. 2 foundry, Chicago ...... 26.50 26.50 25.75 25.00 Shapes, Chicago ...... 2.35 2.35 2.225 2.10 Southern No. 2, Birmingham ...... 22.88 22.88 22.13 21.38 Plates, Pittsburgh ...... 2.50 2.50 2.375 2.212 Southern No. 2 del. Cincinnati ...... 26.94 26.94 26.19 25.44 Plates, Philadelphia ...... 2.55 2.55 2.425 2.263 No. 2 fdry., del. Philadelphia...... 28.34 28.34 27.59 26.34 Plates, Chicago ...... 2.50 2.50 2.375 2.22 Malleable, Valley ...... 26.50 26.50 25.75 25.00 Sheets, hot-rolled. Pittsburgh ...... 2.425 2.425 2.3125 2.20 Malleable, Chicago ...... 26.50 26.50 25.75 25.00 Sheets, cold-rolled, Pittsburgh-...... 3275 3275 3.165 3.05 Charcoal, low phos., fob Lyles, Tenn. 33.00 33.00 33.00 3300 Sheets, No. 24 galv., Pittsburgh 4.05 4.05 3.875 3.65 Gray forge, del. Pittsburgh ...... 26.69 26.69 25.94 25.19 Sheets, hot-rolled, Gary ...... 2.425 2.425 2.3125 2.00 Ferromanganese, del. Pittsburgh .... 140.00 140.00 140.00 140.33 Sheets, cold-rolled, Gary ...... 3.275 3.275 3.1625 305 Sheets, No. 24 galv., Gary ...... 4.05 4.05 3.875 3.662 Hot-rolled strip, over 6 to 12-in., Pitts. 2.35 2.35 2.225 2.10 Scrap Cold-rolled strip, Pittsburgh ...... 3.05 3.05 2.925 2.80 Heavy melting steel, No. 1, Pittsburgh 520.00 520.00 520.00 520.00 Bright basic, bess. wire, Pittsburgh ... 3.05 3.05 2.90 2.64 Heavy melt, steel, No. 2, E. Pa ..... 18.75 18.75 18.75 18.56 Wire nails, Pittsburgh ...... 3.25 3.25 3.075 2.82 Heavy melting steel, Chicago ...... 18-75 18.75 18.75 1375 Tin plate, per base box, Pittsburgh ... 55.25 55.25 55.125 55.00 Rails for rolling, Chicago ...... 22.25 22.25 22.25 22.25 No. 1 cast, Chicago ...... 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 Semifinished Material Sheet bars, Pittsburgh. Chicago 53S.OO 538.00 537.00 534.50 Coke Slabs, Pittsburgh, Chicago ...... 39.00 39.00 37.50 34.50 Connellsvllle, furnace ovens 57.50 57.50 57.50 57.00 Rerolling billets, Pittsburgh ...... 39.00 39.00 37.50 34.50 Connellsvllle, foundry ovens ...... 8.25 8.25 8.25 7.75 Wire rods. No. 5 to ft-lnch, Pitts 2.30c 2.30c 2.225c 2.05c Chicago, by-product fdry., del...... 13.75 13.75 1375 13.35

STEEL, IRON, RAW MATERIAL, FUEL AND METALS PRICES

Following: are maximum prices established by OPA schedules, except those for stainless steels which are now exempt from price control. Price schedule No. 6 covers semifinished and finished iron and steel products; by-product foundry coke, No. 29; relaying rails, No. 46; beehive ovej coko, No. 77; bolts, nuts and rivets, No. 147; coke by-products, GMPR, except sulphate of ammonia, No. 205. Finished steel quoted In cenis pound and semifinished steel in dollars per gross ton, except as otherwise noted. Pricing on rails was changed to net ton basis as of Feb. 15» Semifinished Steel Bars 2.50c; Gulf ports, dock, 2.70c; Pacific port», dock, 2.75c. Carbon Steel Ingots: Fob mill base, rerolllng Hot-Rolled Carbon Bars and Bar-Slze Shapes Reinforcing Bars (Rail Steel): Pittsburg», quality, standard analysis, 533. under 3-ln.: Pittsburgh, Youngstown, Chicago, cago, Gary, Cleveland, Birmingham, iOU Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, Birmingham base, 20 town, Buffalo, base, 2.35c; Detroit, del.. A«»., Alloy Steel Ingots: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Buf­ tons one size, 2.50c; Duluth, base, 2.60c; De­ eastern Mich, and Toledo, del., 2.50c, falo, Bethlehem, Canton, Massillon; uncrop, troit, del., 2.60c; eastern Mich., 2.65c; New ports, dock, 2.70c. . 546.80. York, del., 2.84c; Phila., del., 2.82c; Gulf ports, Iron Bars: Single refined, Pitts., 4.7&I 0°0 Rerolllng Billets, Blooms, Slabs: Pittsburgh, dock, 2.85c; Pac. ports, dock, 3.15c. (Sheffield refined, 5.84c; Pittsburgh, staybolt, 6.22c, Chicago, Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, Sparrows Steel Corp., 2.75c, fob St. Louis; Joslyn Mfg. Haute, single ref., 5.42c; double ref., 6.ioc. Point, Birmingham, Youngstown. 539; Detroit, & Supply Co., may quote 2.55c, fob Chicago.) del., 541; Duluth (billets), 541; Pac. ports (bil­ Rail Steel Bars: Same prices as for hot-rolled Sheets, Strip carbon bars except base is 5 tons. lets), 551. (Andrews Steel Co., carbon slabs. Hot-Rolled Sheets: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gary, 541; Northwestern Steel & Wire Co., 541, Ster­ Hot-Rolled Alloy Bars: Pittsburgh, Youngs­ Cleveland, Birmingham, B u ffalo, Younptown, ling, 111.; Granite City Steel Co. 547.50 gross town, Chicago, Canton, Massillon, Buffalo, Sparrows Pt., Middletown, base, 2.4250. ton slabs from D.P.C. mill. Geneva Steel Co. Bethlehem, base 20 tons one £lze, 2.81c; De­ 558.6-1, Pac. ports.) lte City, base. 2.525c; Detroit, del., troit, del., 2.91c. (Texas Steel Co. may use eastern Mich., del., 2.575c; Phila., del., Forging Quality Blooms, Slabs, Billets: Pitts­ Chicago base price as maximum fob Fort Now York, del., 2.665c: Pacific burgh, Chicago. Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, Worth, Tex., price on sales outside Texas, (Andrews Steel Co. may quote hot-rouea ^ Birmingham, Youngstown, 547; Detroit, del., Oklahom a.) for shipment to the Detroit area on ronsho- 549; Duluth, billets, 549; forging billets fob AISI (® Basic AISI (® Basic town, O.. base; Alan Wood Steel Co.. 0 » “ ,, Pac. ports, $59. Series O-H) Series O-H) hocken. Pa., may quote 2.60c on hot carw sheets, nearest eastern basing point.; r*en- (Andrews Steel Co. may quote carbon forging 1300...... 50.104 4300...... 51.768 2300...... 1.768 4600...... 1.248 Cold-Rolled Sheets: Pittsburgh, Chi“ SJ). t billets 550 gross ton at established basing land, Gary, Buffalo, Youngstown, MWcne ^ points; Follansbee Steel Corp., 549.50 fob To­ 2500...... 2.652 4S00...... 2.236 3000...... 0.52 5100...... 0.364 base, 3.275c; Granite City, base, ronto, O.; Geneva Steel Co. 564.64, Pacific trolt, del., 3.375c; eastern Mich., ae-. . ports.) 3100...... 0.884 5130 or 5152. . 0.46S 3200...... 1.404 6120 or 6152. . 0.988 New York, del., 3.615c; Phila.. dei., ¿ a AUoy Billets, Slabs, Blooms: Pittsburgh, Chi­ 3400...... 3.328 6145 or 6150., . 1.248 Pacific ports, 3.925c. cago, Buffalo, Bethlehem, Canton, Massillon. 4000...... 0.468 8612...... 0.676 Galvanized Sheets, No. ^ : - J? nttSYoungstO'vn» 556.16; del. Detroit S5S.16; eastern Mich. 4100 (.15-.25 Mo) 0.728 8720...... , . 0.728 cago, Gary, Birmingham, Buffali4.05c; 559.16. (.20-.30 Mo) 0.78 9S30...... , . 1.352 Sparrows Point, Middletown, * dd-» Granite City, base, 4.15c; New Yonc, Sheet Bars: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Cleveland °Add 0.25 for acid open-hearth; 0.50 electric. 4.29c; Phlla., del., 4.22c; Pacific ports. Buffalo, Canton, Sparrows Point, Youngstown, Corrugated Galv. Sheets: ^ ^ “Suare. 3-73C' 53S. (Empire Sheet & Tin Plate Co., Mans­ Cold-Finished Carbon Bars: Pittsburgh, Chi­ Gary, Birmingham, 29-gage, per sq ^ field, O., carbon sheet bars, 539, fob mill.) cago, Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, base, 20,000- 39,999 lb, 3.10c; Detroit, 3.15c; Toledo, 3.25c. Culvert Sheets: Pittsburgh CWME^ ^ Skclp: Pittsburgh. Chicago, Sparrows Point, Birmingham, 16-gage not ports, Youngstown, Coatesville, lb, 2.05c. Cold-Finished Alloy Bars: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gary, Cleveland, Buffalo, base, 3.48c; Detroit, alloy, 4.15c; Granite City, 4 50c; zl"'' del., 3.5Sc; eastern Mich., 3.63c. 4.60c; copper iron, 4.50c ; pure liron, ■ p,tt,. Wire Rods: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Cleveland, coated, hot-dipped, heat-treated, No. -■*, Birmingham, No. 5— J, in. Inclusive, per 100 Reinforcing Bars (New Billet): Pittsburgh, lb, 52.30. Do., over A—Jl-ln., Inch, 52.45; Chicago, Gary, Cleveland, Birmingham, Spar­ burgh. 4.60c. mttcburgh. bot' Galveston, base, 52.40 and 52.55, respectively. rows Point, Buffalo, Youngstown, base, 2.35c; Alumtnlzed Sheets, 20 gage: W ‘^ urin' Worcester add $0.10; Pacific ports $0.50. Detroit, del., 2.45c; eastern Mich, and Toledo, dipped, colls or cut to lengths, 9- /TEEL 162 - M ARKET P • R I CES

Enameling Sheets: 10-gage; Pittsburgh, Chi­ (Fob Pittsburgh, Chicago, Cleveland, Birming­ 1,%/and larger, all lengths ...... 59 off cago, Gary, Cleveland, Youngstown, Middle­ ham, per base column) All diameters, over 6-in. lon g ...... 59 off town, base 3.20c; Granite City, base 3.30c; Woven fence, 15% gage and heavier.. 72 Tire bolts ...... 50 off Detroit, del., 3.30c; eastern Mich., 3.35c; P a­ Barbed wire, 80-rod spool ...... 79 Step bolts ...... 56 off cific ports, 3.85c. Barbless wire, twisted ...... 79 Plow bolts ...... 65 off 20-gage: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gary, . Cleve­ ..¡Fence posts ...... 74 Stove Bolts J land, Youngstown, Middletown, base, 3.80c; Balo ties, single loop ...... , 72% In packages, nuts separate, 71-10 off, nuts Detroit, del., 3.90c; eastern Mich., 3.95c; P a ­ attached, 71 off; bulk, 80 off on 15,000 of cific ports, 4.45c. °Add 80.10 for Worcester, 80.05 for Duluth 3-in. and shorter, or 5000 over 3 in., nuts Electrical Sheets No. 24: and 80.50 for Pacific ports. separate. (Add 80.30 for Worcester, 80.50 for Pacific Pittsburgh Pacific Granite Nuts B ase Ports City ports. Semifinishedx. hex U.S.S. S.A.F. Field grade ...... 3.90c 4.65c 4.00c if Add 80.50 for Pacific ports. §Add 80.10 for Worcester,. 30.70 for Pacific iVin. and sm aller ...... 64 Armature ...... 4.25c 5.00c 4.35c %-in. and smaller ...... 62 Electrical ...... 4.75c 5.50c ‘ 4.85c ports. % -ln.-l-in...... 60 Motor ...... 5.425c 6.175c 5.525c Tubular Goods W-in.-l-in...... 59 Dynamo ...... 6.125c 6.875c' 6.225c l%-in.-l%-in...... 57 58 Transformer Welded Pipe: Base price in carloads, threaded and coupled to consumers about 8200 per net l r:>»-in. and l a r g e r ...... 56 72 ...... 6.625c 7.375c ...... Additional discount of 10 for full kegs. 65 ...... 7.625c 8.375c ...... ton. Base discounts on steel pipe Pittsburgh 58 ...... 8.125c 8.875c ...... and Lorain, O.; Gary, Ind., 2 points less on Jflexagon Cap Screws 52 ...... 8.925c 9.675c ...... lap weld, 1 point less on butt weld. Pittsburgh Upset 1-in., smaller ...... 64 off base only on wrought iron pipe. Milled 1-in., sm aller ...... 60 off Hot-Rolled Strip: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gary, Butt Weld Square Head Set Screws Cleveland, Birmingham, Youngstown, Middle­ Steel Iron Upset 1-in. and sm aller ...... 71 off town, 6-in. and narrower: B ase, 2.45c; Detroit, In. Blk. Galv. In. Blk. Galv. H eadless, % -in. and larger ...... 60 off del., 2.55c; eastern Mich., del., 2.60c; Pacific % .. 53 30 % ■ 21 0% No. 10 and sm aller ...... 70 off ports, 3.10c. (Superior Steel Corp. m ay quote % & 56 37%, 27 3.30c, Pitts.) % .. 60% 48 31 13 Stainless Steels Over 6-in.: Base, 2.35c; Detroit, del., 2.45c; 1-1% % .. 63% 52 1% 35 (Open market prices. OPA price control eastern Mich., del., 2.50c; Pacific ports, 3.00c. 1-3 . 65% 54% 2 34U suspended Oct. 11, 1945.) (Superior Steel Corp. m ay quote 3.20c, P itts.) L ap Weld Base, Cents per lb . ■r . ’ Cold-Rolled Strip: Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Steel Iron CHROMIUM NICKEL STEELS Youngstown, 0.25 carbon and less, 3.05c; Chi­ In. Blk. Galv. In. Blk. Galv. H. R. C. R. cago, base, 3.15c; Detroit, del., 3.15c; eastern 58 46% 1% . . . . 2 0 'b 0% Rn" STEEL (20%) 5 " . . 9 49.96: 59.36 (Fob Pittsburgh and Washington, Pa„ iHgtq ferries: Pittsburgh base per pack- 6 ". .. 7 76.71 91.14 prices include annealing and pickling.) t i i K 2 si„ec‘ s : 20 x 28 in., coating I. C. 8-lb . Pipe, Cast Iron: Class B, 6-in. and over, 854 3 0 4 ...... 19.48 20.56 ...... per net ton, Birmingham; $59, Burlington, 410...... 17.31 18.39 ...... (nom>: 513,50 (nom-): 404b S20-00 N. J.; $62.80, del., Chicago; 4-in. pipe, 85 430...... 17.85 18.94 .... Plates higher, Class A pipe, S3 a ton over class B. 446...... ‘ 19.48 . 20,56 ------rs™°" Pla'es: Pittsburgh, Chicago, Rails, Supplies • With 2-3% molybdenum. § ¿With titanium, Cleveland, Birmingham, Youngstown, Standard rails, over 60-lb, fob mill, net ton, t With columbium. *• Plus machining agent, Y ^ v S,Point’ Coatesvllle, Claymont, 2.50c; $43.40. Light rails (billet). Pittsburgh, Chicago, ft High carbon. Free machining. st T Y?rk' del- 2.69c; Phila., del., 2.55c; Birmingham, net ton, 349.18. dl^ H '!c: Boston, del., 2.82-3.07c; Pa- «»Relaying rails, 35 lb and over, fob railroad Metallurgical Coke (Cmm£S'^ ;05c: Gulf P°rts’ 2-85o- and basing points, 331-333. Price Per Net Ton Plates 9 k- 7>. f i ceI Co- m ay ouote carbon Supplies: Track bolts, 4.75c; heat treated, Beehive Ovens Prnvn i6SCufob D-P'c - mil'f Geneva Steel Co., 5.00c. Tie plates 351 net ton, base, Standard Imn I o. ■ ’ 8'20c fob Pac. ports; Central spikes, 3.65c. Connellsville, furnace ...... *7.50 ing”mi ? ” 1 Co- Harrisburg, Pa„ 2.80c, bas- Connellsville, foundry ...... 8.00- 8.50 9 ruin Lukens steel Co., Coatesvllle, Pa., ° Fixed by OPA Schedule 46, Dec. 15, 1941. New River, foundry ...... 9.00- 9.25 Wise county, foundry ...... 7.75- 8.25 2-Mc,’ base ) h Stcel C0,1 a ay m o n t. Del., Tool Steels Wise county, furnace ...... 7.25- 7.75 Tool Steels: Pittsburgh. Bethlehem, Syracuse, By-Product Foundry cm'crport=tea:aoPlt,sbur8h' Chicago, 3.75c; Pa- '"c ports’ 4-40c; Gulf ports, 4.10c. Canton, O., Dunkirk, N. Y., base, cents per Kearney, N. J., ovens ...... 13.05 lb; Reg. carbon 15.15c; extra carbon 19.48c; Chicago, outside delivered ...... 13.00 c a g T 'r ^ 't11 a,"oy I>,aU‘s : Pittsburgh, Chi- special carbon 23.80c; oil-hardening 25.97c; Chicago, delivered ...... , 13.75 A S M k . 3-750' GUlt •,,20C: high carbon-chromium 46.53c. Terre Haute, delivered ...... 13.50 Base, Milwaukee, ovens ...... 13.75 SckelS^i h aiS8: Coatesvllle, 10% cladding: W. Cr. V. Mo. per lb. New England, delivered ...... 14.65 clad, 24 96c ' lnconeI'cladr 26.00c; monel- 18.00 4 1 72.49c St. Louis, delivered : ...... tl3 .7 5 1.5 4 1 8.5 58.43c Birmingham, delivered ...... 10.90 Shapes 4 2 3 58.43c Indianapolis, delivered ...... 13.50 ¿Í4Ó 4.15 1.90 5 62.22c Cincinnati, delivered ...... 13.25 ®rninghimShai W« .Pittsburgh, Chicago, Gary. 5.50 4.50 4 4.50 75.74c Cleveland, delivered ...... 13.20 Vork L nrn 1 Bethlehem, 2.35c; New Buffalo, delivered ...... 13.40 PWU Sfk,.2^52?; PWla- del., 2.465c; Pacific Rivets Detroit, delivered ...... 13.75 bastn'i.fai;(" r''rs 1,1 '■•'«•loads Fob Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Birmingham, Chi­ Industrial xylol ...... 26.00c Spring «J ä L S ^ ,sseb'el: ...... °53.05 cago. Additional discounts: 5 for carloads: 10 Per pound fob works for full containers, except tire, step and plow Phenol (car lots, returnable drums) ----- 10.50c S j ä ? “ 1 ...... 054,00 bolts. ct- ' , n'anlzedn

May 13, 1946 163 ------MARKET PRICES------WAREHOUSE STEEL PRICES

Base delivered price, cents per pound, for delivery within switching limits, subject to. established extras. Quotations based on OPA mill prices announced March 1, 1946. Open market prices designated by dagger.

0 o q o* u U C-o a 3 2 1 5 S S n « 5 ” 3 .o ■S3 _ a .a •u® m ** Aä*.a NCI o ** S S 3 SS.s a €> oSJ 3 « « S 3 IS 2 * 8 a u ®

4.965 3.999* 5.459» 4.350* 5.674** 4 .9 6 9 “ 4.594“ Boston ...... ■4.294* 4.181* 4.162* 5.977» 4.553” 5.0X4 New York ...... 5.824* 3.815» 4 324* 4.224» 5.460“ 4 .8 3 8 “ .4.103* 4.008* 4.018* 4.8 3 8 “ 4.553” 5.024 ersey C i t y ...... 4.103* 3.997* 4.018* 5.824» 3.815* 4.524* 4.224» 5 .4 6 0 “ 4.622» 4.172* 5 .4 6 8 “ 5.097“ 4.022” 5.02A 'hiladelphia ...... 4.072» 3.916» 8 8 5 5 * 3.762* 3.743» 4.502” Baltim{ ore ...... 4.052» 4.009* 3.844* 5.502* 3.619* 4.602* 4.152» 5.344* 5.077“ 4.491” 5.591* 3.821* 4.741» 4.291» 5.646»» 5.066“ Washington ...... 4.191* 4.180* 4.046* 4 .4 9 0 “ 4.615” Norfolk. Va...... 4.315» 4.252» 4.221* 5.715* 3.996* 4.865» 4.415* 5.821*' Bethlehem, Pa.® . . , 3.70* Claymont, Del.® .. , 3.'70» Coatesville, Pa.® . . , 3.70* 4.625»* 4.20” 4.91» Buffalo (city) .... .3.80* 3.65* 3.88* 5.51* 3.575* 4.169* 4.009* 5.20“ 4.60 3.475* 3.85* 4.060* 5 .1 0 “ 4.525“ 4.10” Buffalo (country) . 3.50* 3.55* 3.55* 5.15* 4.625“ 4.20” 4.70 Pittsburgh (city) . . 3.60* 3.65* 3.65» 5.25* 3.575* 3.95* 3.850» 5.20“ 4.60 3.85* 3.750* 5.10“ 4.525“ 4.10” Pittsburgh (country) 3.50* 3.55* 3.55* 5.15» 3.475» 4.20” 4.70 5.438* 3.575» 3.95* 3.850» 5.327“ 4.625“ Cleveland (city) . . 3.60* 3.838* 3.65» 4.525“ 4.10” 4.60 Cleveland (country) 3.50» 3.55* 3.475» 3.85* 3.750* 4.25“ 4.90» 3.675* 4.050* 3.950* 5.450“ 4.725“ Detroit "... .3.70* 3.911* 3.859* 5.531* 5.668“ 4.893” Omaha (city, del.). 4.293* 4.343* 4.343* 5.943* 4.018» 4.498» 4.393» 5.985“ 3.918» 4.398» 4.293» 5.865“ Omaha (country).. .4.193» 4.243* 4 243* 5.843» 4.700“ 4 .4 ö i” 4.961 Cincinnati ...... 3.861» 3.941» 3.911» 5.541» 3.650* 4.025* 3.925* 5.275“ 4.85»* Youngstown® ...... Middletown. O.® . . 3.475* 3.85»' 3.750* 5.10“ 4.90 3.95* 3.850» 15.40*» 4.425“ 4.20” Chicago (city) . . . 3.75* 3.80* 3.80» 5Ü 6* 3.475* 4.337“ 5.037 3.612» 4.087» 3.987» 5.722“ 4.562“ 5.030 Milwaukee ...... 3.887* 3.937» 3.937* 5.537* 5.388“ 4.793“ 4.43” Indianapolis ...... 3.83» 3.88* 3.88» 5.48» 3.743* 4.118* 4.018» 5.352 4.272* 4.172* 5.707»* 4.685’ * 4.811” St. Paul ...... 4.01* 4.08* 4.06» 5.66* 3.7 3 V 5.181 5.622“ 4.572“ 4.481“ St. Louis ...... 3.897* 3.947* 3.947* 5.547* 3.622* 4.097“ 3.997» 4.465« 5.715“ 5.005“ 4.78” Memphis, Tenn. . . 4.265* 4.315» 4.315* 0.08* 4.190* 4.585* 4.99” 5Ü65 6 3.675» 4.0V 3.950* 5.20“ 5.077“ Birmingham 3.65* 3.80* 3.80* 153* 5.304»* 5.079” 6.329* 4.283* 4.658» ...... 5.8 0 8 “ New Orleans (city) . .4.358» 4.403* 4.408* 5.763** 5 .8 1 9 “ 4.10” Houston, Tex. .... 4.00* 4.50* 4.50* 5.75* 3.908* 4.Ö031 4.563« 5.863 7.425» 6.033” 4.90* 5.20* 7.45* 5.225* 5.30* 5.200« 6.55“ 7.583 Los Angeles ...... 4.65* 4.750* 6.80“ 7 .5 2 5 “ 5.783” San Francisco .... 4.40* 4.60* 4.90* 6.60» 4.7 7 V 6.10* 5.983“ 4 » 7 5 « 6 .6 5 « 5 0 0 0 « 6.20“ 6.825“ Portland, Oreg. . . . .4.70** 4 .7 0 « 5.00** 6 7 5 « 6.55“ 6.23” 6.75» 4.87» 5.80« 4.60« 6.40“ Tacoma, Wash. . . . .4.60» 4.70» 5.00« 6.40'* 6.55“ 6.23” Seattle ...... 4.60» 4.70» 5.00» 6.75« 4.87* 5.80« 4.60«

“Basing point cities with quotations representing mill prices, plus warehouse spread. amended. Deliveries outside above cities computed NOTE—Ceiling prices fixed by Office of Price Administration in revised price schedule No. 49, as in accordance with regulations. to 1499 pounds; “ —one bundle to 1499 p o u n d s g BASE QUANTITIES “-on e to six bundle.; 100 Jo ^^pounds^^-^to; „ _ 1(J00 »— 400 to 1999 pounds; *— 400 to 14,999 pounds; *— any quantity; to »— 306 to 1999 pounds; 1— 400 to 8999 pounds; «—300 to 9999 pounds; >i— 1500 to 39.999 pounds; pounds; 39,999 pounds; ’*— *60 to '1499 ' ^ £ 9 9 9 S d i . T * « ! *— 400 to 39 999 pounds; »—under 2000 pounds; •—under 4000 pound«; m under 25 bundles. Cold-rolled strip, 2000 to 39,99« pouuw. »«—500 to 1499 pounds; **—one bundle to 39,999 pounds; **— 150 to 2249 pounds; 11— 150 to 1499 pounds; »*—three to 24 bundle«; — 450 « —300 to 4999 pound«.

Utah, and Pueblo. Colo., 91c; IP**®“ Rhodesian O r e s Indian and African include duty on imported 45% no ratio ...... are .object to premiums. P™am« Lake Superior Iron Ore 48% 2.8:1 ...... $39.75 48% no ratio ...... 31.00 41.00 and other provisions of ame , 48% 3:1 ...... 48% 3:1 lump ...... 41.00 Gross ton 51*6% (Natural) 48% no ratio ...... 31.00 M.P.R. No. 248. effectivo M avJ^ Lower Lake Ports Domestic (seller’s nearest rail) 1944. Price, at basing pomts «tuna South African (Transvaal) are also points of dtschargcan. Old range bessemer ...... $4.05 48% 3:1 ...... $43.50 ported manganese ore is Mesabi nonbessemer ...... 4.55 44% na ratio ...... $27.40 less $7 freight allowance. ship.ids, .1 dock most f**v°»M * 5 High phosphorus ...... 4.55 45% no ratio ...... 28.30 the buyer. O uU ide shipments dir»« Mesabi bessemer ...... 4.70 48% no ratio ...... 31.00 Manganese Ore to consumers at 10c . per unit u * Old range nonbessemer 4.80 50% no ratio ...... 32.80 Sales prices of Office of Metals Re­ than Metal Reserve prices. serve, cents per gross ton unit, dry, M olybdenum Eastern Local Ore Brasilian— nominal 48%, at New York, Philadelphia, Bal­ Cents, units, del. E. Pa. timore, Norfolk, Mobile and New Sulphide conc., lb, Mo cont* ^ ^ 44% 2.5:1 lum p ...... $33.65 m int* ...... Foundry and basic 56- 48% 3:1 lump ...... 43.50 Orleans, 85c; Fontana, Calif., Provo, 63% contract ...... ' 13.00 Foreign Ore Cents per unit, cif Atlantic ports Mangauiferous ore, 45- 55% Fe. 6-10% Mn. . Nom. N. African low phos. . . Nom. NATIONAL EMERGENCY STEELS (Hot Rolled) Swedish basic, 60 to 63% Nom. Spanish, N. African ba­ sic. 50 to 6 0 % ...... Nom. Basic open-hearth Electric furnace Brazil iron ore, 68-69% (E xim i lot aJlov content) fob Rio de Janeiro. . . 7.50-8.00 Bars -Chem ical Composition Lim its, Per Cent- Bare BOW. Tungsten Ore per Billets Desig­ lO o'b. per i’ 1 Chinese Wolframite, per Cr. NL Mo. 100 lb. per G T short ton unit, duty nation Carbon Mn. S i $1.300 $20.00 .0 8 -1 5 $0.780 $15.60 26.00 paid ...... $24.00 NE 9415 .. .1 3 -1 8 .80-1.10 .2 0 -3 5 .30—50 .3 0 -6 0 15.60 1.300 NE 9425 .. .2 3 -2 8 .80-1.20 .20-35 .30—50 .3 0 -6 0 .0 8 -1 5 .7S0 1.352 27.04 Chrome Ore .08-.15 .832 16.64 23.91 NE 9442 . . .4 0 -4 5 1.00-1.30 .2 0 -3 5 .3 0 -5 0 .30-.60 13.52 1.196 (Equivalent OPA schedules): .2 0 -3 5 .10—25 .4 0 -7 0 .1 5 -2 5 .676 32-24 NE 9722 .. .20—25 .50-80 24.96 1.612 32224 .10-15 .50—70 .20—35 .4 0 -6 0 1.00-1.30 .20—30 1.248 1.612 Gross ton fob curs, New York, NE 9912 . . 1.245 24.93 Philadelphia, Baltimore, Charles­ N E 9920 . . .18—23 .50—70 .20—35 .40—60 1.00-1.30 .20—30 ton, S. C ., Portland, Oreg., or Ta­ coma. Wash. (S S paying for discharge; dry Extras are in addition to a bare price of 2.808c, pet pound on finished J S ? tom No pric v ^ o t t i basis, subject to penalties if guar­ on semifinished------steel- major basing point» and are fa cant« per pound and dollars per gross antees are not met.) on ini vanadium ,,ariill 1X1 oil/XValloy. / t e e * 16 4 MARKET PRICES

Pig Iron High Silicon, Silvery nickel content as follows: Under 0.50%, no extra; 0.50% to 0.74%, Prices (In gross tons) are maximum fixed by OPA Price Schedule No. 6.00-6.50 per cent (base) ... .$32.00 Inclusive, $2 a ton; for each addi­ 10, effective June 10, 1941, amended Feb. 14, Oct. 23, 1945, and March 6.51-7.00 $33.00 9.01- 9.50. 38.00 tional 0.25% nickel, $1 a ton. 15, 1916, Exceptions Indicated In footnotes. Base prices bold face, de­ 7.01-7.50. . 34.00 9.51-10.00 . 39.00 livered light face. Federal tax on freight charges, effective Dec. 1, 1942, 7.51-8.00 . 35 00 10.01-10.50. 40.00 not Included. 8.01-8.50. . 36.00 10.51-11.00 . 41.00 Refractories No. 2 Mal- 8.51-9.00.. 37.00 11.01-11.50 . 42.00 Foundry Basic Bessemer leable Fob Jackson county, O., per gross Per 1000 pieces, fob shipping point. Bethlehem, F a „ base ...... $27.50 $27.00 $28.50 $28.00 ton; Buffalo base $1.25 higher. Net prices Newark, N. J., del...... 29.03 28.53 30.03 29.53 Buyer may use whichever base Is Fire Clay Brick Brooklyn, N. Y.. del...... 30.00 .... 30.50 more favorable. Birdshoro, Pa., b a s e ...... 27.50 27.00 28.50 28.00 Super Duty Birmingham, base ...... 22.88 21.50 27.50 ...... Electric Furnace Ferroslllcon: SI Pa., Mo., Ky ...... $76.05 Bai'lmore, del...... 28.11 ...... 14.01 to 14.50%, $45.50 Jackson CO.; High Heat Duty Boston, del...... 27.64 ...... each additional 0.50% silicon up to Pa., 111., O., Md., Mo., Ky. 60.40 Chicago, del...... 26.72 ...... and Including 18% add $1; low Im­ A la., G a...... 60.40 Cincinnati, del...... 26.94 26.06 ...... purities not exceeding 0.005 P, 0.40 N. J ...... 65.90 Cleveland, del...... 26.62 2S.74 ...... SI, 1.0% C, add $1. Newark, N. J ...... 28.64 ...... Intermediate Heat Duty Philadelphia, del...... 27.96 27.46 ...... Bessemer Ferro silicon Ohio ...... 60.60 St. Louis, del...... 26.62 27.54 ...... Pa., 111., Md., Mo., Ky 54.80 Buffalo, b a s e ...... 26.50 25.50 27.50 27.00 Prices same as for high silicon sil­ A la., G a...... 49.15 Boston, del...... 28.00 27.00 29.00 28.50 very Iron, plus $1 per gross ton. N. J ...... 54.80 Rochester, del 28.03 ...... 29.03 28.53 Syracuse, del...... 28.58 ...... 29.58 29.08 Charcoal Pig Iron Low Heat Duty Chicago, base ...... 26.50 20.00 27.00 28.50 Milwaukee, del 27.60 27.10 28.10 27.60 Semi-cold blast, low phosphorus. P a., Md., Ohio ...... 42.38 Muskegon. Mich., del 27.69 ...... 27.69 Fob furnace, Lyles, Tenn. $33.00 Cleveland, b a s e ...... 26.50 20.00 27.00 28.50 (For higher silicon irons a differ­ Malleable Bung Brick Akron. Canton, del 27.89 27.39 28.39 27.89 ential over and above the price of All bases ...... 70.45 Detroit, base ...... 28 50 26.00 27.00 28.50 base grade Is charged as well as Saginaw. Mich., del 28.81 28.31 29 31 28.81 for the hard chilling Iron, Nos. 5 Ladle Brick Duluth, base ...... 27.00 26.50 27.50 27.00 and 6.) (P a .. O., W. V a „ Mo.) St. Paul, del 29.13 28 63 29.63 29.13 Dry P ress ...... 36.45 Brie, Pa., b a s e ...... 26.50 28 00 27 50 27.00 Gray Forge Wire Cut ...... 31.18 Everett, Mass., b a s e ...... 27.50 27 00 28 50 28.00 Neville Island, Pa ...... $26.00 Boston, del 28.00 27 50 29.00 28.50 Valley base ...... 28.00 Silica Brick Granite City, in ., b a s e ...... 26.50 26.00 27.00 26.50 Pennsylvania ...... 60.40 SI Louis, del...... 27 00 26.50 27.00 Low Phosphorus Joliet, E. Chicago ...... 69.30 Hamilton, o .. base ...... 26.50 26.00 28.50 Birmingham, Ala...... 60.40 Cincinnati, del...... 27.61 27.11 27.61 Neville Inland, P a., b a s e 26 50 28.00 27.00 26.50 Basing points: Blrdsboro, Pa., M agnesite •Pittsburgh, del. N. £ S. sides 27 19 26.69 27.69 27.19 Steelton, Pa., and Buffalo, N. Y., $32.00 base; $33.24, del. Philadel­ Domestic dead-burned grains, Provo, riah , base 24.50 24.00 ...... net ton fob Chewelah, Sharp-vilie, p „., base ...... 26 50 28.00 27.00 26.50 phia. Intermediate phosphorus, Cen­ tral Furnace, Cleveland, $29.00. Wash., net ton, bulk 22.00 Sparrow, Point, base 27.50 27.00 ...... net ton, bags ...... 26.00 Baltimore, del 28.49 ...... Steellon. Pa., b a s e 27.00 ...... DllTerentliUs Basic Brick Swedrland, Pa., base 27.50 27 00 28.50 28.00 Net ton, fob Baltimore, Plymouth Philadelphia, del...... 28 34 27 84 28.04 Basing point prices are subject to Meeting, Chester, Pa. Toledo, o., base...... 26 50 26.00 27.00 28.50 following differentials: Chrome brick ...... 54.00 Youngstown, 0 ., b a s e 26.50 26.00 27.00 28 50 Silicon: An additional charge not to Chem. bonded chrome ...... 54.00 Mansfield. O.. del 28.44 27.94 28.94 28.44 exceed 50 cents a ton for each 0.25 Magnesite brick ...... 76.00 per cent silicon In excess of base Chem. bonded magnesite 65.00 •To Neville Island base add: 55 cents for McKees Rocks. Pa.: 84 cents, grade (1.75% to 2.25%). Lawrencevllle, Homestead. McKeesport. Ambrldge, Monaco, Allqulppa; m t-ems (water). Monongahela; $1.11, Oakmont. Verona; $1.24. Brack- riinsphorus: A reduction of 38 cents Fluorspar «1 ridge. a ton for phosphorus content of 0.70 Exception to Celling Prices: Struthers Iron & Steel Co., Struthere, O., per cent and over. Metallurgical grade, fob HI., Ky., May charge 50 cents a ton In excess of basing point prices for No. 2 Manganese: An additional charge net tons, carloads, CaF* content, ioundry, basic, bessemer and m alleable pig Iron. not to exceed 50 cents a ton for 70% or more, $33; 65 but less than Celling Prices are aggregate of (1) governing basing point, (2) dlfTer- each 0,50 per cent, or portion there­ 70%, $32; 60 but less than 65% •Mtlals, and (3) transportation charges from governing basing point to of, manganese In excess of 1%. $31; less than 60%, $30. After j»!nt Of delivery as customarily computed. Governing basing point la Aug. 29, 1944, base price any grade the one resulting In lowest delivered price for the consumer. Nickel: An additional charge for $30.00. Ferroalloy Prices Ymomanganese, standard: 78-82% lots, contract basis, R. R. freight and 17.25c, western; spot up ,25c; I.25%, C 3.50-5.00%) per lb of ton' du'y p»m. $135 rob allowed, eastern zone, $2.25; less- per pound contained chromium. alloy. Contract, carlots, bulk, 10.75c, tars. Baltimore. Philadelphia or New ton lots $2.30. Spot prices 10 cents •S M Fprrochrome, I o w carbon: packed 11.25c, ton lots 11.75c, less whichever Is most favorable "«»r lh higher. (Cr 62-66%, Si 4-6%, Mn 4-6% 12.25c, eastern, freight allowed; To- ^ Hockdnle or Rnckwood, Frrrochrumo: High carbon, eastern and C 1 25% max.) Contract, carlot, II.25c, 11.75c, 12.50c, 13.00c central; term (where Tennessee Products zone, oulk, c.l., 13c, 2000 lb. to bulk. 20.00c, packed 20.45c, ton lots 13.25c, 13.75c, 14.50c and 15.00c, is producer). Birmingham, Ala. c.l. 13.90c; central, add .40c and 21.00c, less ton lots 22.00c. eastern, western; spot up 0.25c. (where Sloss-Sheffleld Steel & Iron .65c; western, add lc and 1.85c— freight allowed, per pound contained Ferro-Boron: (B 17.50% mln., Si Pm.i! P™dueer): $140 fob cars, high nitrogen, high carbon ferro- chromium; 20.40c, 20.85c, 21.65c 1.50% max., A1 0.50% max. and C rmsburgh (where Camegle-Tlltnol« chrnme: Add 5c to all high carbon and 22.65c, central; 21.00c, 21.45c, 0.50% max.) per lb of alloy con­ K m ni' ls Producer); add $6 for ferrochrome prices; all zones; low 22.85c and 23.85c, western; spot up tract ton lots $1.20, less ton lota K ' i ' * 10 for ton' 513.50 for carbon eastern, bulk, c.l. max. .25c. $1.30, eastern, freight allowed; Urn for Mch or frac- 0.06% carbon, 23c, 0.10% 22.50c, SMZ Alloy: (SI 60-65%, Mn 5-7%, $1.2075 and $1.3075 central; $1.229 or tinder man8ana« over 82% 0.15% 22c, 0.20% 2150c, 0.50% Zr 5-7% and Fe approx. 20%) per lb and $1.329, western; spot add 5c. 21c. 1.00% 20.50c, 2.00% 19.50c; of alloy contract carlots 11.50c, ton Manganene-Boron: (Mn 75% approx., ,lo'T carbon: E ast- 2000 lb to c.l.. 0.06% 24c, 0.10% lots 12.00c, less 12.50c, eastern zone, B 15-20%, Fe 5% max.. SI 1.50% 20 50o-,L,J?p a 1 ’ 2101 tegular, 23.50c. 0.15% 23c, 2.00% 22.50c, freight allowed; 12.00c, 12.85c and max. and C 3% max.) per lb of *one • „14 50c; central 0.50% 22c, 1.00% 21.50c, 2.00% 13.35c central zone; 14.05c, 14.60c alloy. Contract ton lots, $1.89, less 20 80c-' 21.30c; regular, 20.50c; central, add 0.4c for bulk, and 15.10c, western; spot up .25c. $2.01, eastern; freight allowed; mne^'gnSf4,11"^ 14-80c: western c.l. and 0.65 for 2000 lb to c.l.; Silica* Alloy: (Si 35-40%, Ca 9-11%, $1.903 and $2.023, central; $L935 2105c- 21'55c! regular, western, add lc for bulk, c.l. and A1 5-7%, Zr 5-7%, Ti 9-11% and B and $2.055 western; spot up 5c. Per ¿.'„„K 'T ' 15-75c- Prices are 1.85c for 2000 lb c.l.; carload 0.55-0.75%), per lb of alloy con­ Nlckel-Boron: (B 15-18%, A1 1% lot S f f i contained Mn. bulk car- packed differential 0.45c; fob ship­ tract, carlots 25.00c, ton lots 26.00c, max., SI 1.50% max., C 0.50% « ¿ 1 Point, ping point, freight allowed. Prices less ton lots 27.00c, eastern, freight max., Fe 3% max., Nl, balance), has c o n fi^ - Speclal low-carbon per lb contained Cr, high nitrogen, allowed, 25 50c, 26.75c and 27.75c, per lb of alloy. Contract, 5 tons or •nd 006% P 9070 °-10% C. low carbon ferrochrome: Add 2c to central; 27.50c, 28.90c and 29.90c, more $1.90, 1 ton to 8 tons, $2.00, low carbon ferrochrome prices; all western: spot up .25c. less than ton $2.10, eastern, freight KsKon“ 1 P*1,9'21% carlot Per zones. For higher nitrogen carbon Silva* Alloy: (SI 35-40%, Va 9-11%, allowed ; $1.9125. $2.0125 and Pittsburgh’ s f o K ™ ’ P a- » » I add 2c for each 0.25% of nitrogen A1 5-7%, Zr 5-7%, Ti 9-11% and $2.1125, central; $1.9445, $2.0445 Electrnivtt v, 50’ Chicago. $40.60. over 0.75%. B 0.55-0.75%) per lb of alloy. Con­ and $2.1445, western; spot same as fot> Knowinl ? ™ e: 99-9% Plus, Special Foundry Ferrochrome: tract, carlots 58.00c, ton lots 59-00c, contract. lowed K i f ’m I“ ;1 trel8ht a!- (Cr 62-66%; C approx. 5-7%.) Con­ less 60.00c, eastern freight allowed; Chromium-Copper: (Cr 8-11%, Cu or more- r'iiii sS,sslpP' on 250 lb tract, carload bulk 13.50c, packed 58.50c, 59.75c and 60.75c, central; 88-90%, Fe 1% max., SI 0.50% drom Ini, 32c- ton lots 34c, 13.95c, ton lots 14.40c, less 14.90c, 60.50c, 61.90c and 62.90c, western; max.) contract, any quantity, 45c, 38c. Add l^'fo r'h J han drum lot eastern, freight allowed, per pound spot up Vic. eastern, Niagara Falls. N. Y., basis, metal, w (or hydrogen-removed contained chromium; 13.90c, 14.35c, CMSZ Alloy 4: (Cr 45-49%, Mn freight allowed to destination, ex­ 15.05c and 15.55c central; 14.50c, 4-6%, Si 18-21%, Zr 1.25-1.75% and cept to points taking rate In excess “m, "max 'S S i ndn. chroml- 14.95c, 16.25c and 16.75c, western; C 3.00-4.50%). Contract carlots, of St. Louis rate to which equivalent tone, carbon, eastern spot up .25c. bulk. 11.00c and packed 11.50c; ton of St. Louis rate will be allowed; hulk, c 1 ~o ™nta!ned chromium S.M. Ferrochrome, high carbon: lots 12.00c; less 12.50c, eastern* spot up 2c. c K a l H°°9, ,b to c.l. (Cr 60-65%. SI 4-6%, Mn 4-6% and freight allowed; 11.50c and 12.00c, Vanadium Oxide: (Fused: Vana­ em 82.25c and oP'L82.50c; west- C 4-6%.) Contract, carlot, bulk, 12.75c, 13.25c, central; 13.50c and dium oxide 85-88%. sodium oxide t'.na oolm f r K . P 01 fob »hip- 14.00c, packed 14.45c, ton lots 14.00c, 14.75c, 15.25c, western; spot approx. 10% and calcium oxide ^ allowed. 14.90c, less 15.40c, eastern, freight up .25c. approx. 2%, or Red Cake; Vana­ “SK row ih, S’-60* Per lb allowed; 14.40c, 14.85c, 15.55c and CMSZ Alloy 5: (Cr 50-56%, Mn dium oxide 85% approx., sodium ox­ umblum In gross ton 16.05c, central; 15.00c, 15.45c, 16.75c 4-6%, SI 13.50-16.00%, Zr 0.75- ide, approx. 9% and water approx.

May 13, 1946 165 MARKET PRICES

2.5%) Contract, any quantity, $1.10 eastern, containing exactly 2 lb lb to c.L, 13.10c; 50%, bulk, c.l., lowed to destination east of Missis­ eastern, freight allowed per pound Mn and approx. % lb SI, bulk, c.l., 7.25c, 2000 lb to c.l., 8.75c; fob ship­ sippi river and north of Baltimore vanadium oxide contained; contract S.80C, 2000 lb to c.l., 6.35c; central ping point, freight allowed. Prices and St. Louis, 6.8% C $142.50; carlots, $1.105, less carlots, $1.108, add 0.25c for c.l. and lc for 2000 per lb contained Si. 3-5% C $157.50. central; $1.118 and $1.133, western; ib to c.l.; western, add 0.55c for c.l., Grainal: Vanadium Grainal No. 1 Carbortam: B 0.90 to 1.15% net ton spot add 5c to contracts in all cases. ■ind 0.2c for 2000 lb to c.l.; ferro- S7.5c; No. 6, 60c; No. 79, 45c; all to carload, 8c per lb fob Suspension Calcium metal; cast: Contract ton. siiicon, eastern, approx. 5 lb, con­ fob Bridgevllle, Pa., usual freight Bridge, N. Y., freight allowed same lots or more $1.35, less, $1.60, taining exactly 2 lb Si, or weighing allowance. as high-carbon ferrotitanium. approx. 2% lb and containing exactly pound of metal; $1.36 and $1.61 Silicon Metal: Min. 97% SI and Bortam: B 1.5-1.9%, ton lots, 45c central, $1.40 and $1.65, western; 1 lb of Si, bulk, c.l. 3.35c, 2000 lb max. 1% Fe, eastern zone, bulk, lb; less-ton lots, 50c lb. spot up 5c. >o c.l., 3.80c; central, add 0.15c for c.l., and 0.40c for 2000 lb to c.l.; c.l., 12.90c; 2000 lb to c.l., 13.45c; Ferro vanadium : V a 35-55%, con­ Calclum-Manganese-SlUcon: (Ca 16- central, 13.20c and 13.90c; western, 20%, Mn 14-18% and Si 53-59%), western, add 0.30c for c.l. and 0.45c tract basis, per lb contained Va, fob for 2000 to c.l.; fob shipping point, 13.85c and 16.80c; min. 96% Si producers plant with usual freight per lb of alloy. Contract, carlots, and max. 2% Fe, eastern, bulk, 15.50c, ton lots 16.50c and less freight allowed. allowances; open-hearth grade $2.70; c.l., 12.50c, 2000 lb to c.l., 13.10c; special grade $2.80; highly-special 17.00c, eastern, freight allowed; Ferromolybdenum: 55-75% per lb central, 12.80c and 13.55c; western, grade $2.90. 16.00c, 17.35c, and 17;85c, central; contained Mo, fob Langeloth and 13.45c and 16.50c fob shipping point, 18.05c, 19.10c and 19.60c western; Washington, Pa., furnace, any quan­ freight allowed. Price per lb con­ Zirconium Alloys: Zr 12-15%, per lb spot up 0.25c. tity 95.00c. of alloy, eastern contract, carlots, Calelum-Silicon: (Ca 30-35%, Si tained Si. bulk, 4.60c, packed 4.80c, ton lots 60-65% and Fe 3.00% max.), per Ferrophosphorus: 17-19%, based on Manganese Metal: (96% min. Mn, 4.80c, less tons 5c, carloads, bulk, lb of alloy. Contract, carlot, lump 18% P content, with unltage of $3 max. 2% Fe), per lb of metal, east­ per gross ton $102.50; packed 13.00c, ton lots 14.50c, less 15.50c, for each 1% of P above or below ern zone, bulk, c.l., 30c, 20QQ lb to $107.50; ton lots $108; less-ton lots the base; gross tons per carload fob eastern, freight allowed; 13.50c, c.l., 32c, central, 30.25c, and 33c; $112.50. Spot up *4c per ton. 15.25c and 16.25c central; 15-55c, sellers* works, with freight equalized western, 30.55c and 35.05c. with Rockdale, Tenn.; contract price Ferrotungstea: Spot, 10,000 lb or Zirconium Alloy: Zr 35-40%, eastern, 17.40c and 18.40c, western; spot contract basis, carloads in bulk or up 0.25c. $58.50, spot $62.25. more, per lb contained W, $1.90; contract, $1.88; freight allowed as package, per lb of alloy 14.00c; Briquets, Ferromanganese: (Weight Ferrosilicon: Eastern zone, 90-95%, gross ton lots 15.00c; less-ton lots approx. 3 lb and containing exactly blk, c.L, 11.05c, 2000 lb to c.l., far west as St. Louis. 13.30c; 80-90%, bulk c.l., 8.90c, Tungsten Metal Powder: Spot, not 16.00c. Spot up Vic. 2 lb Mn) per lb of briquets. Con­ AJhifcr: (Approx. 20% AL 40 ,o SI, tract, carlots, bulk 0.0605c, packed 2000 lb to c.L, 9.93c; 75%, bulk, less than 97%, $2.50-$2.60; freight 0.063c, tons 0.0655c, less 0.068c c.L. 8.05c, 2000 lb to c.l., 9.05c; allowed as far west as St. Louis. 40% Fe) contract basis fob Niagara eastern freight allowed; 0.063c, 50%, bulk c.l., 6.65c and 2000 lb Ferrotltanlum: 40-45%, R.R. freight rails, N. Y., lump, per lb 5.50c; ton 0.655c, 0.0755c and 0.078c. central; to c.L, 7.85c; central 90-95%, bulk, allowed, per lb contained Ti; ton lots 6.00c. Spot up %c. 0.066c, 0.0685c, 0.0855c and 0.088c, c.L, 11.20c, 2000 lb to c.l., 12.80c; lots $1.23; less-ton lots $1.25; east­ Slmlnal: (Approx. 20% each SJ. western; spot up 0.25c. 80-90%, bulk, c.L, 9.05c, 2000 to ern. Spot up 5c per lb. Mn, Al) Contract, freight not ex­ Briquets, Ferrochrome: Containing c.L, 10.45c; 75%, bulk, c.l., 8.20c, Ferrotitanlum: 20-25%, 0.10 maxi­ ceeding St. Louis rate allowed, per exactly 2 lb Or, eastern zone, bulk, 2000 lb to c.L, 9.65c; 50% bulk, mum carbon; per lb contained Ti; lb alloy; carlots 8c; ton lots 8.75c, c.l., 8.25c per lb of briquets, 2000 c.L, 7.10c, 2000 lb to c.l., 9.70c; ton lots $1.35; less-ton lots $1.40 less-ton lots 9.25c. . lb to c.l., 8.75c; central, add 0.3c western, 90-95%, bulk, c.l., 11.65c, eastern. Spot up 5c per lb. Borosil: 3 to 4% B, 40. to 45% SI, for c.l. and 0.5c for 2000 lb to c.l.; 2000 lb to c.l., 15.60c; 80-90%, High-Carbon Ferrotltanlum: 15-20% $6.25 lb contained B. fob Philo, U.. western add 0.70c for c.l., and 0.2c bulk, c.L, 9.55c, 2000 lb to c.l., contract basis, per net ton, fob freight not exceeding St. Louis rate for 2000 lb to c.l.; slllcomanganese, 13.50c; 75%, bulk, c.l., 8.75c, 2000 Niagara Falls, N. Y., freight al­ allowed.

OPEN MARKET PRICES, IRON AND STEEL SCRAP

Following prices are quotations developed by editors of S t e e l in the vaxi ous centers. For complete OPA ceiling price schedule refer to maxiinun price regulation No. 4 Quotations are on gross tons. Street Car Axles ...... 24.50 PHILADELPHIA: Machine Turnings ...... 14 25 No. 1 Comp. Bundles .. 19.50 21.50 (Delivered consumer's plant) Short Shovel Turnings.. 1 6/25 No. 2 Comp. Bundles .. 19.50 Steel Ralls. 3 ft...... Steel Angle Bars ...... 21.00 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $18.75 Mixed Borings, Turn.. . 14.25 Machine Turnings ...... 10.50-11.00 20.00 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 18.75 Cast Iron Borings .... 15^25 Shoveling Turnings .... 12.50-13.00 Cast Iron Wheels ...... No. 1 Machinery Cast.. 20.00 No. 2 Bundles ...... 38.75 Low Phos...... 2L75 Cast Iron Borings ...... 11.50-12.00 22.00 No. 3 Bundles ...... 16.75 Mixed Borings. Turnings 10.50-11.00 Railroad Malleable PITTSBURGH: Breakable Cast ---- 16.50 Mixed Borings. Turnings 13.75 No. 1 Cupola Cast 20.00 19.00 Machine Shop Turnings 13.75 (Delivered consumer’s plant) Breakable Cast ...... 16.50 Stove Plate ...... Railroad Heavy Melting Grate Bars ...... 15.25 Billet, Forge Crops .... 23.75 $21.00 Low Phosphorus ...... 21.00-22.00 15.25 Bar Crops. Plate Scrap 21.25 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel 20.00 Scrap Ralls ...... 20.50-21.00 Brake Shoes ...... No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 20.00 C ast S t e e l ...... 21.25 Stove Plate ...... 18.50-19.00 BIRMINGHAM: Punchlngs ...... 21.25 No. 1 Comp. Bundles... 20.00 Elec. Furnace Bundles. 19.75 No. 2 Comp. Bundles... 20.00 DETROIT: (Delivered consumer's plant) Short Shovel Turnings.. Billet Forge Crops $22.50 Heavy Turnings ...... 18.25 17.00 (Delivered consumer's plant) 19.00 Cast Grades Maeh. Shop Turnings .. 15.00 Structural, Plate Scrap Heavy Melting Steel ... $17.32 Scrap Ralls Random .. 18.50 (Fob Shipping Point) Mixed Borings, Turnings 15.00 No. 1 Bushellng ...... 17.32 20.50 Heavy Breakable Cast.. 16.50 No. 1 Cupola Cast .... “ 20.00 Rerolling Rails ...... Hydraulic Bundles ...... 17.32 Angle Splice Bars ...... 20.50 Charging Box Cast .... 19.00 Heavy Breakable Cast.. »16.50 Flashings ...... 17.32 24.00 Cupola Cast ...... 20.00 Cast Iron Borings ___ 16.00 Machine Turnings ...... 12.32 Solid Steel Axles ...... 20.00 Unstripped Motor Blocks 17.50 Billet, Bloom Crops ___ 25.00 Cupola Cast ...... Short Shovel, Turnings. 14.32 Stove Plate ...... 19.00 Mulleable ...... 22.00 Sheet Bar Crops ...... 22.50 Cast Iron Borings ...... 13.32 11.00 Chemical Borings ...... 16.51 Plate Scrap, Punchlngs 22.50 Low Phos. Plate ...... 19.82 Long Turnings ...... 13.00 Railroad Specialties ... 24.50 No. 1 Cast ...... 20.00 Cast Iron Borings ...... 20.00 NEW VORK: Scrap Rail ...... 21.50 Iron Car Wheels ...... (Dealers' buying prices) Axles ...... Heavy Breakable Cast.. 16.50 26.00 LOS ANGELES: No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $15.33 Rail 3 ft. and under ... 23.50 CHICAGO: No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 15.33 Railroad Malleable .... 22.00 (Delivered consumer's plant) (Delivered consumer’s plant; cast $14.00 No. 2 Hyd. Bundles . .. 15.33 “Shipping point. No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel 13.00 No. 3 Hyd. Bundles . .. 13.33 grades fob shipping point; railroad No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel CLEVELAND: 12.00 Chemical Borings ...... 14.33 grades fob tracks) No. 1. 2 Dir. Bundles. 5.50 Machine Turnings ...... 10.33 (Delivered consumer’s plant) No. 1 R.R. Heavy Melt. $19.75 Machine Turnings ...... No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $19.50 5.50 Mixed Borings, Turnings 10.33 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel 18.75 Mixed Borings, Turnings 20.00 No. 1 C u p o la ...... 20.00 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 19.50 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 18.75 No. 1 Cast ...... Charging Box ...... 19.00 No. 1 Comp. Bundles .. 19.50 No. 1 Ind. Bundles .... 18.75 Heavy Breakable ...... 16.50 No. 2 Comp. Bundles .. 19.50 No. 2 Dir. Bundles . .. 18.75 SAN FRANCISCO: (Delivered consumer's plant) Unstrlpped Motor Blocks 17.50 No. 1 Bushellng ...... 19.50 Baled Mach. Shop Turn. 18.75 $15.00 Stove Plate ...... 19.00 Mach. Shop Turnings .. 14.50 No. 3 Galv. Bundles . . 16.75 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel 14.00 Short Shovel Turnings . 16.50 Machine Turnings ...... 13.75 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel BOSTON: 15.50 Mixed Borings. Turnings 14.50 Mix. Borings, Sht. Turn. 13.75 No. 1 Bushellng ...... 13.00 (Fob shipping points. Boston differ­ No. 1 Cupola Cast .... 20.00 Short Shovel Turnings.. 15.75 No. 1, No. 2 Bundles .. 8.50 ential 99c higher, steelmaklng Heavy Breakable Cast.. 16.50 Cast Iron Borings .... 14.75 No. 3 Bundles ...... 7.00 grades; Providence. $1.09 higher) Cast Iron Borings ...... 13.50-14.00 Scrap Ralls ...... 20.25 Machine Turnings ...... 15.50 No, 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $14.06 Billet, Bloom Crops .... 24.50 Cut Ralls, 3 feet ...... 22.25 Billet, Forge Crops ---- 15.50 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 14.06 Sheet Bar Crops ...... 22.00 Cut Ralls, 18-lnch .... 23.50 Bar Crops, Plate ...... 15.50 No. 1 Bundles ...... 14.06 Plate Scrap, Punchlngs. 22.00 Rerolling Ralls ...... 22.25 Cast Steel ...... ■ • • ■ No. 2 Bundles ...... 14.06 Elec. Furnace Bundles. 20.50 Angles, Splice Bars ... 22.25 Cut, Structural, Plate, IS. 00 No. 1 Bushellng ...... 14.06 Plate Scrap, Punchlngs 21.25 1 ft and under ...... 7.00 Machine Shop Turnings. 9.06 VALLEY: Railroad Specialties ... 22.75 Alloy-free Turnings . ■ • (Delivered consumer’s plant) 14.50 Mixed Borings, Turnings 9.06 No. 1 Cast ...... 20.00 Tin Can Bundles ...... 15.50 ■ Short Shovel Turnings. 11.06 No, 1 R.R. Heavy Melt. $21.00 R.R. Malleable ...... 22.00 No. 2 Steel Wheels ---- No. 1 Heavy Melt Steel 23.00 Chemical Borings ...... 13.31 20.00 Iron, Steel Axles ...... 15.50 Low Phos. Clippings . . 16.56 No. 1 Comp. Bundles.. 20.00 ST. LO U IS: No. 2 Cast Steel ...... Short Shovel Turnings.. 15.50 No. 1 Cast ...... 20.00 17.00 Uncut Frogs, Switches.. 15.00 Cast Iron Borings ...... 16.00 (Delivered consumer's plant; cast Clean Auto Cast ...... 20.00 grades fob shipping point) Scrap Rails ...... 15.50 Stove Plate ...... 19.00 Machine Shop Turnings 15.00 Locomotive Tires ...... Heavy Breakable Cast.. 16.50 Low Phos. Plate ...... 22.50 Heavy Melting ...... $17.50 No. 1 Locomotive Tires 21.00 S E A T T L E : , MANSFIELD: Misc. Ralls ...... 19.00 BUFFALO: (Delivered consumer s P1“ , 12 (Delivered consumer's plant) (Delivered consumer’s plant) Railroad Springs ...... 22.00 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $19.25 Machine Shop Turnings $15.00 Bundled Sheets ...... 17.50 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel »f.14.12 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 19.25 CINCINNATI: Axle Turnings ...... 17.00 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 14.50 Heavy Railroad Scrapii,„ti = Ndr l Bundles . .. . . 19.25 (Delivered consumer's plant) Machine Turnings ...... 10.50 (Fob shipping point) No. 2 Bundles ...... 19.25 No. 1 Heavy Melt. Steel $19.50 Shoveling Turnings .... 12.50 20.00 No. 1 Bushellng ...... 19.25 No. 2 Heavy Melt. Steel 19.50 Rerolling Rails ...... 21.00 No. 1 Cupola C ast ...... /TEEL 166 LOGEMANN Presses for Sheet Scrap THE NATION NEEDS YOUR SHEET SCRAP!

In m ills, industrial plants and scrap yards, LOGEM ANN

SCR AP PRESSES are working day and night to prepare sheet

scrap for the furnaces.

Sheet m ills particularly recognize the value of the years of

experience and the perform ance records w hich back up LO G E ­

The scrap press illustrated M AN N designs and workm anship.

operates in one of the largest The line includes scrap presses designed for mill Service,

industrial plants. Com­ p r e s s e s designed for automobile plant conditions, p r e s s e s d e sig n e d

presses scrap from three di­ for general plant applications. W rite for details. rections to produce high- denaity mill size bundles. LOGEMANN BROTHERS COMPANY Built in various capacities. 3126 W. Burleigh St. Milwaukee, Wisconsin

167 May 13, 1946 ------MARKET PRICES------

NONFERROUS METAL PRICES

Copper: Electrolytic or Lake from producer! 1» Palladium: 324 per troy ounce. Nickel Chloride: 100-lb. keg» or 275-lb. bbli. earloU 13.00c, Del. Conn., lest carlot» 13.13%c, 18.00c lb., del. refinery; dealer» may add He for 5000 lb», to Iridium: 3165 per troy ounce. carload; 1000-4999 lb«, lc; 500-999 l i e ; 0-499 3c. Casting, 11.75c, refinery for 20,000 lb»., or Tin Anode»: 1000 lbs. and over 58.50c dehi more; 12.00c leis than 20,000 lb». 500-999 59.00c; 200-499 59.50c; 100-199 61.00c. Rolled, Drawn, Extruded Products Bras» In cot: Carlot prices. Including 25 cent» Tin Crystals: 400 lb. bbls. 39.00c fob G nu - per hundred freight allowance; add Vic for selli, N. J .; 100-lb. kegs 39.50c. less than 20 ton»; 85-5-5-5 (No. 115) 13.00c; (Copper and brass product prices based on 88-10-2 (No. 215) 16.50c; 80-10-10 (No. 805) 12.00c, Conn., for copper. Freight prepaid on 15.75c; No. 1 yellow (No. 405) 10.00c. 100 lb or more.) Sodium Stannate: 100 or 300-lb. drums 36.50c, del.; ton lots 35.50c. »net Prime western 8.25c, »elect 8.35c, bra»« Sheet: Copper 23.44c; yellow brass 22.09c; com­ special 8.50c, Intermediate 8.75c, E. St. mercial bronze, 90% 23.68c, 95% 23.89c; red Zlno Cyanide: 100-lb. kegs or bbls. 33.00c Loul», for carlot*. Tor 20,000 lb», to carlot» brass, 80% 22.76c, 85% 22.97c; phosphor fob Niagara Falls. add 0.15c: 10,000-20,000 0.25c; 2000-10,000 bronze, grades A and B 5%, 41.20c; Everdur, 0.40c; under 2000 0.30c. Herculoy, Duronze or equlv., 28.61c; naval brass 27.11c, manganese bronze 30.61c; muntz Lead: Common 6.35c, chemical, 6.45c, corrod­ metal 25.36c; nickel silver 5% 31.31c. Scrap Metals ing. 6.45. HL St. Loul» for carloads; add 5 points for Chicago, Mlnneapoll»-St. Paul, Mil­ Rods: Copper, hot-rolled 19.79c; cold-drawn Brass Mill Allowances: Prices for less than waukee-Kenoiha districts; add 15 points for 20.79c; yellow brass 17.06c; commercial bronze 35.000 lbs. fob shipping point. Add %c for Oaveland-Akron-Detrolt area. New Jer»ey. 90% 23.37c, 95% 23.5Sc; red brass 80% 22.45c, 15,000-40,000 lb*.; lc for 40,000 or more. New Tork stata, Texas, Pacific Coast, Rich­ 85% 22 66c; phosphor bronze grades A and B Clean Rod Clean mond, Indlanapolls-Kokomo; add 20 points for 5% 41.45c; Everdur, Herculoy, Duronze or Heavy Ends Turning» equlv., cold-drawn, 27.55c; naval brass 21.17c; Birmingham, Connecticut, Boston-Worcester, 9.500 Springfield, New Hampshire, Rhode Island. manganese bronze 24.55c; muntz metal 20.92c; Copper ...... 10.250 10 250 nickel sliver 5% 32.94c. Tinned Copper .., ., . 8.75 8.75 8.00 Yellow Brass ___... . 8.625 8.375 7.875 Friraary Aluminum: 99* plu», Ingots 15.00c Commercial bronze del., pig» 14.00c del.; metallurgical 94* mln. Seamless Tubing: Copper 23.48c; yellow brass 90% ...... 9.375 9.125 8.655 13.50c del. Base 10,000 lb and over; add Vic 24.85c; commercial bronze 90% 26.09c; red 95% ...... ,. .. 9.300 9 250 8750 2000-9999 lb; lc less through 2000 lb. brass 80% 25.42c, 85% 25.63c. Red Brass, 85% .... 9.125 8 875 88T5 Red Brass, 80% . . . . 9.123 8.975 8875 Secondary Aluminum: Piston alloy (No. 122 Extruded Shapes: Copper 23.29c; architectural Muntz Metal .. . 8.000 7 750 7.280 type) 10.50-11 00c; No. 12 foundry alloy (No. bronze 21.17c; manganese bronze 26.05c; muntz Nickel Sll. 5% . , . . . 9.250 9000 4 625 2 grade) 10.50-10.75c; steel deoxidizing grades, metal 22.17c; naval brass 22.42c. Phos. br.. A, B, 5% 11.000 10 750 9T90 notch bar», granulated or shot: Grade 1 (95- Naval brass ...... ,. . . 8.250 8 000 7 500 9711.75-12.00c; grade 2 (92-65*) 10.25- Angles and Channels: Yellow brass 30.59c; Mang. bronze ___ .. . 1.250 8.000 1.000 10.75c; grade 3 (90-92%) 8.50-9.00c; grade 4 commercial bronze 90% 32.18c; red brass 80% (85-90%) 8.25-8.50c. Above prices for 30,000 31.26c, 85% 31.47c. lb or more; add Uc 10,000-30,000 lb; Uc Other than Brass Mill Scrap: Price* apply on material not meeting brass mill specification* 1000-10.000 lb; lc less than 1000 lb. Prices Copper Wire: Soft, fob eastern mills, carlots Include freight at carload rate up to 75c per and are fob shipping point; add He for 100 lb. 35 3714c, less-carlots 15.87y>c; weatherproof, shipment of 60.000 lbs. of one group and U« fob eastern mills, carlots 17.00c, less-carlots for 20,000 lbs. of second group »hipped In 17.50c; magnet, delivered carlots 17.50c, 15,000 same car. Typical price* follow: Magnesium: Commercially pure (99.8%) stand­ lb or more 17.75c, less carlots 18.25c. ard Ingots (4-notch. 17 lb) 20.50c per lb, car- kots; 22.50c 100 lb to c.l. Extruded 12-ln. sticks Aluminum Sheets and Circle*: 2s and 8* flat (Group 1) No. 1 heavy copper and wire. No. 27.50c, carlots; 29.50c 100 lb to c.L mill finish, base 30.000 lb*, or mor«; d«i.: 1 tinned copper, copper borings 9.75c; No. 2 sheet widths as Indicated ; circle dlam*t«r 9" copper wire and mixed heavy copper, copper tuyere* 8.73c. Tin; Price» ex-dock, New Tork In 5-tcra lots, and larger: Add 1 cent for 2240-11,199 lb»., lU c 1000-2239. 3iic 500-999, 3c under 500. Grade A. 99.8* Gage Width Sheet* arele* (Group 2) Soft red brass and boring«, alumi­ or higher (Include# Strait»). 52.00c: Grade B. .249"-7 12"-48" 22.70c 25.20c num bronze 9.00c; copper-nickel and boring* 9 9 .8 * or higher, not meeting specification» 8-10 12"-43" 28.20c 23.70c 9.25c; car boxes, cocks and faucets 7.75c; bell for Grade A. with 0.05 per cent maximum 13-12 2fl"-48" 24.20c 27.00c metal 13.50c; babbit-lined brass bushing* arsenic. 51.87Hc; Grade C, 99.65-99.79* inch 13-14 26"-48" 25.20c 28.50c 13.00c. II.62Hc: Grade D. 99.50-99.64* Inch. 51.50c; 15-16 26"-4S • 26.40c 30.40c Grade I . 9 9 -9 9.49* Inch 51.12HC; Grade T, 17-18 26"-4S" 27.90c 32.00e (Group 3) Admiralty condenser tubes, bras* below 99* (for tin content), 51.00c. 19-20 24"-42" 29.80c 35.90c pipe, 7.25c; muntz metal condenser tube» 21-22 24"-42" 2170c 37.50c 6.75c; old rolled brass 6.75c; manganese bronze 23-24 3"-24" Antimony: American bulk carloti fob La­ 23.60c 29.20c solids: (lead 0.00%-0.40%) 5.50c; (lead 0.41%- redo. Tex.. 99.0* to 99.8* and 99.8* and 1%) 4.50c; manganese bronze borings: (lead over but not meeting specification« below, Le.od Product«: Price* to jobber*; full iheet* 0.00-0.40%) 4.00c; (lead 0.41%-1%) 5.00c. 14.50c; 99.8* snd over (ar»onlc, 0.05*, max. 9.50c; cut sheet* 9.75c; pipe 8.15c, New York; and other Impurities, 0.1*. max.) 15.00c. On 8.25c, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Rocheiter and Aluminum Scrap: Price fob point of ship­ producers' »ales add Uc for less than carload Buffalo; 8.75c, Chicago, Cleveland, Worceater, ment. truckloads of 5000 pounds or over; Seg­ to 10,000 lb.; Vic for 9999-224 lb.; and 2c for Boston. regated «olid*. 23. 33. 5c lb.. 11, 14, etc., » 229 lb. and lees; on »ales by dealers, distribu­ to 3.50c lb. All other high grade alloy« M tors and jobber» add Vic. lc, and Sc, respec­ Zlne Product«: Sheet fob mill, 11.15c; 96,000 lb. Segregated borings and turnings, wrought tively. lbs. and over deduct 7%; Ribbon and «trip alloys. 2, 2.50c lb. Other high-grade alloy* 12.25c, 3000-lb. loU deduct 1%. 6000 lb*. 2%, 3.50, 4.00c lb. Mixed plant scrap, all »oUJ* 9000 lbs. 3%. 18,000 lb*. 4%. carload* and 2, 2.50c lb. boring* and turning* one cent Nickel: Electrolytic cathode«, 99.5*. fob re­ over 7%. Boiler plate (not over 12") 3 ton* finery 35.00c lb.: pig and »hot produced from than segregated. electrolytic cathodes 36.00c; "F " nickel »hot and over 11.00c; 1-3 ton* 12.00c; 500-2000 lb«. or Ingot for additions to cast Iron, 34.00c. 12.50c; 100-500 lbs. 13.00c; under 100 lb*. Bead S crap : Price* fob point of »hlpment. 14.00c. Hull plate (over 12") add lc to boiler For soft and hard lead, Including cable lea, plate price*. deduct 0.55c from basing point prices for re­ Mercury: Open market, »pot, New York, 1103- fined metal. 3107 per 76-lb fiask. Zinc Scrap: New clippings 6.50c, old Arsenic: Prime, whit», 99*. carlots, 4.00c lb. PLATING MATERIALS fob point of shipment, add ^c for M.OOO * or more. New die cast scrap 4.45c, grilles 3.50c, add %c for 20,000 lb or imore. Beryllium-Copper: 3.75-1.25% Be., 314.75 lb Unsweated zinc dross, die cast slab 5.30c, any contslned Be. Chromfe Acid: 99.75*, flake, del., carloads 16.25c; 5 ton« and over 16.75c; 1-5 ton» 17.25c; quantity. 400 lb«, to 1 ton 17.75c; under 400 lb». 18.25c. Cadmium: Bars, Ingots, pencils, pigs, pistes, Nickel, Monel Scrap: Price» fob point of rods, slabs, sticks, and all other "regular" Copper Anodes: Base 2000-5000 lbs., del.: oval shipment; add % c for 2000 lbs. or straight or dal forms 90.00e lb., del.; anodes, 17.62c; untrimmed IS. 12c; electro-depoelted nickel or cupro-nlckel shipped at onetun* balls. d!»os and all other special or patented 17.37c. 20.000 lbs. or more of Monel. Convener shapes 95.00c lb. del. (dealers) allowed 2c premium. Copper Carbonate: 52-54* metallic cu, 250 lb. Cobait: 97-99*. 31.50 lb., for 550 lb. (bbl.); barrel» 20.50«. Nickel: 98% or more nickel and n0* ovcr 31.82 lb. for 100 lb. (case); 31.57 lb. under copper 23.00c: 90-98% nickel, 23.00c per 100 lb. Copper Cyanide: 70-71* cu. 100-lb. keg» or nickel contained. bbls. 34.00c fob Niagara Falls. Indium: 99.9%, 32.25 per troy ounce. Cupro-nlckel: 90* or more combined nWM» and copper 26.00c per lb. contained Sodium Cyanide: 96*. 200-lb. drum» 15.00c; plus 8.00c per lb. contained copper; I«» ^Gold: U. S. Treasury, 535 per ounce. 10.000-lb. lots 13.00c fob Niagara Fall». 90* combined nickel and copper 26.w» contained nickel only. Open market. N. Y. 70.625e per ounce. Nickel Anode»: 500-2999 lb. lot»; cast and rolled carbonized 47.00c; rolled depolarized Monel: No. 1 castings, turnings Ip.«* 1 »c« 335 per ounce. 4S.0Oc. clipping 20.00c; soldered sheet 18.00c.

1 6 S /TEE* ______MARKET NEWS ------

Sheets, Strip . . . inquiry for clip steel at 8.20c, deliv­ district, although operations are now ered, and Sharon Steel Corp. also took cutting deeply into reserves of fuel and Sheet & Strip Prices, Page 162 part under option A at 7.9326c. iron. Two blast furnaces of integrated Cancellation of light gage hot-rolled plants have been banked, with others Further acceptance of tonnage of sheet tonnage on a broad scale over the on light schedules. Mills are trying to sheets and strip for delivery this year balance of this year, including warehouse fill delivery commitments and can allot is practically out of the question, delays commitments, has been made by one little tonnage against the tremendous by strikes having interfered with pro­ large producer. Coupled with sharply pressure. duction to an extent that all capacity restricted production of carbon grades by has been covered, with large carryovers some producers of specialties, including into next year. Imposition of the freight Steel Bars . . . clad stock, heavy backlogs, more extend­ embargo last week stops receipt of fur­ ed deliveries, losses in output and grow­ Bar Prices, Page 162 ther material from mills and consum­ ing carryovers, prospects of fabricators ers can operate only by virtue of inven­ Small sizes in hot-rolled carbon bars are getting enough sheet tonnage during the tories, which are not large. sold practically for the entire year, with balance of this year to meet planned large rounds and flats as well covered. Philadelphia — In expectation of the schedules are fading. In lighter gages, Carryover into next year will be heavy. (freight em bargo som e consum ers in practically all grades, including special­ Many bar consumers are curtailing their great need of sheets have been willing ties, electrical, enameling and polished operations because of lack of material. to accept tonnage without complete proc­ stainless, are jammed, with deliveries Embargo on shipments will add to this essing if it could be moved before the based on quotas more extended. deadline. Some sheet buyers have of­ Cleveland—Flow of steel to finishing situation. fered to accept sheets in double widths mills is drying up rapidly and by the Philadelphia—Many producers of hot- to save time involved in final slitting. end of this week nearly all hot-rolled rolled carbon bars for some time have Delay in production as a result of the sheet and strip mills will be closed. Cold been filled for the remainder of the year, coal strike is likely to force some sheet rollers will be able to operate about one especially in smaller sizes. Mills generally sellers who have been on a quarterly additional week before their supplies of have not opened books for next year but quota basis to bypass third quarter en­ hot-rolled material will be exhausted. because of setbacks from strikes the carry- tirely. Some are sure they will he un­ Some have received only 10 per cent of over into 1947 will be lieavy. Most bar able to set up quotas for that period requirements in recent weeks, necessi­ sellers now have little to offer in large before August. tating heavy withdrawals from reserves. rounds and flats for this year. Schedules Chicago — Demand for sheets persists Sheets and strip produced from last on small cold-drawn bars are highly despite the coal strike, which is affect­ Friday, when the freight embargo went congested. Large cold-drawn carbon ing not only steel plant operations but into effect, until the mills close down, bars are in better position, with fourth also curtailing manufacturing operations. will move by truck. In some instances, quarter delivery available. Hot-rolled As manufacturing plants are limited to consumers close to the mills will get alloy bars are quoted for July and August 24 hours a week by the order to con­ most of these truck shipments. Due to in some cases. serve electric power, consumption of the recent curtailment in production and Pittsburgh—Coal strike forced com­ sheets will drop proportionately. Sheet- losses sustained during the steelworkers plete shutdown of leading producers making capacity dropped sharply this strike, mill deliveries are from two _ to bar mills last week, while intermittent week with the closing by Carnegie-IUi- ten weeks behind schedule now will fall operations were reported at other plants. nois Steel Corp. of its sheet division in at least three additional weeks behind Some consumers already have begun Gary because of insufficient power. Oth­ because it will take at least that long tapering production because of steadily er mills are likely to reduce sheet mill for mills to attain normal operations after dwindling inventories and this trend is operations within the next few days. the coal strike is settled. Indications now expected to be more pronounced over the New York — The coal strike and other are that when order books are re-exam­ next two weeks. Reflecting reduced mill labor disturbances have further delayed ined at the end of the present emergency shipments in recent weeks, cold finishers expansion in sheetmaking facilities, bad­ many mills will' be unable to accept any have had to curtail production. Some ly needed installations for increased elec­ additional rollings for first quarter of of these interests have sufficient inven­ trical sheet production have been de­ next year. ,. , , tories to sustain production for two layed until it is clear that little new ca­ Pittsburgh — Hot and cold-reduced weeks. A critical supply situation is noted pacity can be counted on before late sheet output at Camegie-Illinois Steel in bar sizes under 1-inch, with mills fourth quarter. Ju st before the coal Corp. plants here came to a halt last booked through this year and no tonnage strike it was expected that much of this week. While other producers were able accepted beyond that date. expansion in electrical sheets w ould be to maintain intermittent operations Cleveland — Hot-rolled bar produc­ sharp reduction was indicated for this completed by September. Work on im­ tion will drop sharply by the end week. Metalworking companies have portant sheet rolling units is also being of this week, with only a few mills delayed, in some cases for several months. been hard pressed because of dwindling remaining in operation. Cold finishers inventories. . However, freight embargo Demand for light flat-rolled products will be able to continue shipments for is more urgent than ever, although vari­ will have a more immediate adverse ef­ a week to ten days longer by drawing fect on operations. Many sellers are ous large consumers are being forced to on reserves. Hold-up shipment orders not booking new tonnage because of the curtail operations because of shortage were being received from some con­ of fuel for their own plants. uncertain production outlook, and fact sumers as their operations were curtailed Boston—Narrow cold strip production, that most are sold through remainder ot by the fuel shortage and freight em­ for some time on the decline, will be this year. Equivalent to almost three bargo. Bar producers estimate that nor­ further curtailed by lack of hot-rolled months capacity output already has been mal operations cannot be attained until at lost bv the steel and current coal strike. steel; most mills are out of more grades, least three weeks after the end of the end with schedules disrupted, definite In line with extensive expansion pro­ coal strike, indicating that many mills grams under way for production of sheets delivery promises are im possible. Six to will be unable to accept additional and strip, pickling and annealing facili­ eight weeks have already been lost in the orders for rolling before the end of first ties, which already are a chokepomt second stoppage, piling up carryovers quarter or early second quarter. with the most drastic pinch ahead for in many instances, will have to be aug­ Boston—Centered heavily in smaller both producers of cold strip and con­ mented. Some interests believe hnal sizes, although deliveries of larger stock sumers of that product. D em and is disposition of the Geneva Works will have lengthened, volume of new business heavy, notably for round edge high car­ have important bearing on decision of accepted by fabricators depends increas­ bon, but buying is affected by uncer­ one large producer to construct a strip ingly on supply of bars over the balance tainty in supply. M ore fabricators are mill on the eastern seaboard. of this year. Not only are carbon bars, revising earlier reconversion goals, not St. Louis — All sheet and platemak- hot and cold-drawn, sold through that only because of the potential steel sup- ing capacity in this area remains idle period in small sizes, but also cold-drawn P'y, but also in component parts. Revival with a strike going into its eighth week. and ground alloys. Until production and nr ordnance inquiry is attracting slight Business already on books will deliveries experienced the latest series attention. Springfield armory is read­ over at least five months into 1947. of upsets, larger bar shapes were avail­ vertising 360 tons of cold-rolled steel Schedules beyond will not be opened able for fourth quarter; standard hot- on which no bids were received and 1120 until some weeks after production is rolled stainless are in stock with some l°fns. of cartridge clip steel. Newman resumed. mills, three to four weeks delivery', if el Corp., Pawtucket, R. I., shares in Cincinnati — Sheet production is be- possible to ship, and cold-finished, six Part, 180 tons of an earlier 1786-ton ing continued close to capacity in this

May 13, 1946 MARKET NEWS to eight. For some time wanted sizes tinues at capacity and probably will not bar tonnage to consumers as soon as re­ in carbon bars have approximated sheets be affected by the coal strike for at least ceived. in scarcity and several consumers are two weeks. Barmakers produce sufficient badly in need of material, including power to operate open hearths for ingots, Steel Plates . . . some forge shops. There are some but not enough for finishing mills. In changes to alloy specifications, but not event of a utility curtailment, predicted Plate Prices, Page 163 locally in three weeks, all shipments will in pronounced volume. Steady extensions Plate mills are being closed by lack cease. Meanwhile there is possibility the in cold-finished alloy have eliminated of fuel and heavy bookings are being freight embargo will hold back the 60 to most advantage in wanted sizes. Despite pushed further into the future. Prac­ 65 per cent of steel deliveries normally tightness in bars, bolt and nut deliveries tically nothing can be bought for deliv­ made by rail. Demand continues to mount with integrated producers have been ery this year, with an occasional prom­ as consumers attempt to build reserves one of the easiest. Here also the size ise for fourth quarter. Fabricators in against a long coal strike. Barmakers are factor enters, smaller carriage and lag many lines are beginning to suffer from booked through first quarter and decline bolts, stove bolts and machine screws, lack of material. also railroad track bolts, are in Novem­ to sell beyond. ber, but numerous sizes and types are Seattle—Demand for merchant steel Philadelphia — Since the end of the available for June and July, if they can bars has not slackened, in spite of reduc­ war eastern plate producers have been be shipped. tion in shipbuilding, deferred demand carrying an abnormal proportion of the St. Louis—Steel bar production con­ making up for that deficit. Jobbers move country’s plate requirements as large platemakers in the Midwest have di­ verted steel to other products, particu­ larly sheets and strip. With advent of the coal strike this situation has been further accentuated, with eastern mills receiving all-rail orders from as far away as the Pacific Coast and with buy­ ers absorbing freight of $28 or more per ton in some cases. Eastern mills Ingenious New now are being forced to curtail rapidly, due to the fuel situation, with two large units down, and additional capacity to be suspended this week. Some busi­ Technical Methods ness still is being accepted for fourth quarter but some producers are booked To Help You with Your for the entire year and the position Reconversion Problems of others is tightening rapidly. One eastern producer, who recently received OPA permission to increase price $5 per ton, is applying this figure to plain carbon plates only, it is understood, while adding only $2 on quality steel. Another, who had received permission to advance $2 per ton, in applying the in­ crease to all grades. Pittsburgh — Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp.’s plate mills here are idle, while output at Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. s plant is expected to be cut back sharply this week. Many important programs such as railroad cars and locomotives, and miscellaneous tank, ship repair and barge construction are expected to be seriously retarded unless the coal strike is soon terminated. In addition to the fact fabricators’ inventories are nearly depleted, their operations will be quick­ New Portable Grinder Lasts Longer ly affected by the freight embargo. In ...Increases Production most instances mills are booked well into third quarter with heaviest demand The Portable Gaston Grinder is designed for the grind­ noted in light gages. No significant ing and sanding of metal—also, with wire brushes, for tonnage has been canceled or tempor­ paint and rust removal. Because it is powered by a 3- arily suspended as result of the new con­ phase motor, without brushes, commutators or gears, struction order. Pittsburgh Plate Class the Gaston will give long service. The Gaston Grinder starts at full speed. Its speed re­ Co. recently awarded a contract to Dravo mains constant regardless of extra pressure by the oper­ Corp. for four acid barges, involving ator. This controlled speed under heavy load, elimi­ 630 tons. nates glazing of the grinding wheel; produces a better New York — Eastern plate mills arc ground surface. faced by continued heavy demand, ant Three sixes of dust-tight Gaston Grinders are available. with production tapering as a result o Furnished in either * cup-wheel” or "edgc-wheel” type, the coal strike practically all seUj The Portable Gaston Grindei as desired. have little capacity available before la ­ In a dusty work atmosphere, that causes throat irrita­ in the year, some being out of the m. tion and dryness, chewing W rigley’s Spearmint Gum ket com pletely. , , „ helps keep workers’ mouths moist and fresh—thereby Boston — Plate fabricating shops have reducing work interruptions—and “time out” to the drinking fountain. barely managed to maintain schedu e W orkers can stay at their machine, while chewing most instances, but decline in plate 1 W rigley’s Spearmint—even when their hands are busy. duction and deliveries is beginning « There is no lost time. And the pleasant chewing helps be felt. Tank quality shipments ar keep them alert and wide-awake. One Connecticut more extended and mills are re \ manufacturer with a dust problem reports group pro­ duction up about 3% over normal, when workers were to accept further tonnage in that g » ■ given chewing gum. Other plants «nd factories cvery- being heavily booked in sma ® ' claim stepped-up efficiency when chewing gum Tonnage taking extras is given more c ^ available to all. sidération, but lighter sizes in et complete information from William H . Howland also well filled. Selectivity oCg East 73 rd Street, Chicago 49, Illinois AA-68 ceptance of volume and highe a prices given mills normally supplying -

/ T E E L substantial part of New England volume and operations will taper soon after logs for finished products; one bicycle are complicating factors in the ability of further shipments are halted. Some are manufacturer would go to night shift fabricators to place tonnage in this area. already slackening to stretch small sup­ operations in some departments to meet Increasingly difficult also is co-ordina­ plies as long as possible. On the other strong demand. Furniture and other tion of plate and head deliveries to tank hand, most wire mills with limited in­ industrial consumers of tubing have been and boiler shops. Demand is heavy ventories of semifinished will be unable shifting specifications as between seam­ with heads frequently going to one sup­ to build up stocks in volume during any less and welded, availability of mate­ plier and plates to another. Contracts embargo on shipments. rial being a factor. There is not much have been placed for the fabrication of choice now. Inventories with anti-fric­ additional water storage units, taking Tubular Goods . . . tion bearing producers, in most cases, around 275 tons. are in good shape. Pipe distributors’ Tubiiltir Goods Prices, Page 1G3 Birmingham — Even with the plate stocks are low, yet deliveries on quota mill down, effective May 6, pressure for Boston — Not having made substan­ basis have been equal to 1940, with bookings remains heavy. No commit­ tial progress in making up six to eight building and industrial requirements not ments are being m ade, however, and de­ weeks lost earlier this year, tubing and ever large. Assumption is consumers liveries on an allocation basis, are run­ pipe deliveries are again losing ground. have bought somewhat beyond imme­ ning into the closing days of the year. Users of tubing are hard put to increase diate requirements. Springfield armory production, several having heavy back- has had difficulty in placing large foot- Tin Plate . . . Tin Plate Prices, Page 163

Pittsburgh — There is a good prospect that the freight embargo will not include shipment of tin plate for food contain­ ers, for there are seasonal considerations with respect to getting delivery of do­ mestic tin plate into container m anufac­ turers’ hands before the peak of the perishable food pack this summer. D e­ spite fact the 80-inch hot mill at Car- negie-Illinois Steel Corp.’s Irvin W orks has been shut down due to the coal strike, there are enough hot coils there to sustain tin mill schedules through re­ mainder of this month. Output of tin plate by Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. also is expected to be sustained through May. If the coal strike finally cuts into tin plate output, it is probable that the urgent domestic requirements w ill be jeopardized by export directive of 152,- 000 tons which to date h as not been re­ voked.

Wire . . .

Wire Prices, Page 163

New York—Rod mills in some in- stances stopped shipment of that prod- uct late last month, conserving sem i­ finished for integrated finishing capa­ city, although pressure for tonnage has been heavy before likelihood of halt in shipments. Wire production is off sub­ stantially in some cases and will be re­ duced further, with possibilities of near­ ly complete stoppage in two to three weeks. Although stocks of wire with users varies, most are short, as indicated by requests for off-heat material or re­ jects, when possible to ship. Upholstery springinakers have offered to send trucks tor wire rope rejects. Som e consumers are reducing operations to hold employes with some work as long as possible with current supplies. Billet yards have been combed for steel to bolster supply. Boston—Production schedules are in °r another wave of drastic revisions 'hen output again turns, upward. Actu- y revisions and changes have been onstant since the first of the year, with in f suPPl'es tightening and selectivity avor of more profitable items. Drawn thpB ?fier;d i°ns are declining, with fur- r sharp reductions imm ediately ahead. rr„ r Cr^ depend on availability of „ . , a. , ore outlook on that score is inm a?- ’ ,'v’dl mills normally shipping Wor r vistrict practically off the INLAND STEEL CO. nvj.Cei,eF base at current margins in 38 S. Dearborn St., Chicago 3, III. sm-ln- i ments wire rods are con- umwT . estimated at 135,000 tons Sales Offices: Cincinnati • Detroit * Kansas City • Milwaukee of wi ast year thus far in 1946. Users New York • St. Louis • St. Paul e "cncrally have small inventories

MaX 13, 1946 ------MARKET NEWS ------age of small steel pipe, but one contract are extended through remainder of this agencies are unable to make delivery for 44,100 feet of one inch went to Albert year. Many municipal projects, sched­ promises and many major projects are Pipe Supply Co., Brooklyn. Cast pipe uled for tliis spring and summer, must bqlng abandoned. Spokane, through buying is unusually heavy, led by 2625 be postponed. I. S. Fettcrman, purchasing agent, took tons for Seekonk, Mass.; deliveries with Cleveland — Three additional pipe bids May 9 for a tonnage of 4, 6 and some foundries range up to six months. mills were shut down at the end of 12-inch cast pipe and 24-inch steel wa­ Pittsburgh — Pipe output at National last week and several others will be ter pipe. Tacoma has 450 tons pending, Tube Co.'s plants has been sharply cur­ forced down at the end of this week. awaiting definite delivery prospects. tailed, and although production sched­ Due to cumulative losses in production ules by Pittsburgh Steel Co. and Jones since last fall, direct shipments are now Structural Shapes . . . & Laughlin Steel Corp. here have been two or more months behind schedule fairly well sustained, output at these while shipments to jobbers on the May Structural Shape Prices, Page 163 plants is expected to be substantially account have been negligible. It is reduced this week. National Supply Co. estimated that about three additional Chicago — Last week witnessed a began cutting back operations late last weeks will be lost following end of the sharp drop in awards and inquiry for week, which not only further reduced coal strike, indicating that no June quotas structural shapes. It is believed prospec­ overall supply of needed pipe tonnage, will be established. Jobbers’ stocks are tive builders are now convinced that to but also oil well equipment and diversified low. proceed with plans under present con­ steel products, including diesel engines. Seattle — Shortage of cast iron pipe ditions is futile. Considerable tonnage Due to limited production resulting from has been aggravated by closing of plants, is involved in bids already closed, but critical pig iron shortage and low profit due to lack of pig iron. In face of larg­ even this work seems destined for delay margins, cast iron pipe order backlogs est demand ever experienced here and awards are being withheld. Few fabricators are seeking new commit­ ments, for the declining rate of steel production from the coal strike indicates that supply will be more uncertain. All fabricators are pleased at the decontrol of their industry accorded by OPA a week ago and expect to see no impor­ tant movement pricewise. They are troubled, however, over the necessity of "Sorry, but we won't meet delivery, operating only 24 hours a week as a re­ sult of the pow er conservation order. because our shaper burned out a Boston — Although the district is lib­ eral in authorizing industrial building under the construction limitation ruling, bearing, and it will take a week growing tightness in structural material and extended deliveries by fabricating shops, will delay some projects. Con­ tributing also to delays has been the prolonged strike of drafting-room forces of tlie largest engineering firm in this area; detailing of much outside tonnage dO HttD10 WATCH OM. GAUGE! lags. There are also frequent revisions in sizes and design of work in progress. NO DANGER OF PRODUCTION DELAYS'. District fabricators have taken on addi­ tional smaller tonnages; most are low on shapes, with warehouses also short with "LUBRIGARD" of plain material, bar angles especially. M aine has bridges taking 300 tons up Safety Device of for estimates; Vermont rejected bids on a 475-ton deck girder span. A'va«B for industrial expansions include -on tons for an addition for Simonds Saw ex Steel Co., Fitchburg, Mass. Birmingham — Fabricators face com­ Multi-Purpose SHAPERS plete shutdowns almost immediately

The function of "LUBRIGARD" is to automatically with suspension of the structural mi at Fairfield works of Tennessee Coal, prevent the ram of the shaper from being started: Iron & Railroad Co. A comparatively (1) In case oil supply in reservoir is insufficient; small tonnage of shapes is being mete (2) Should pressure in the system be below the cut on a basis designed to take care o minimum required; (3) Should a leak or failure of more pressing needs but not even m ap the oil pressure system occur; (4) Should the filter proximately sufficient volume. become clogged; (5) Should the drive pulley ro­ Seattle — Fabricating plants are greatly handicapped by lack of stee, tation be incorrect. with no relief in sight. Some March In addition, "LUBRIGARD" will prevent the clutch shipments have just arrived but tne control lever from being engaged while the drive nation is so critical that shops ar® pulley is at rest. Therefore, should the motor be able to bid on pending projects. , storted, the ram will not move unexpectedly. This surplus material has been bought 1 I prevents injury to the operator, or damage to the output of local mills is absorbed machine or work piece. diately. S e d i o * u U "LUBRIGARD" assures long, satisfactory shaper Rails, Cars . . . "LUBRIGARD" performance, because of adequate, automatically- controlled lubricotion of all bearing surfaces. It Track Material Prices, Page 163 Oil vnder pretiure fort«« pitlon down, permitting projection on clvtch control lever »holt to dear receu in pi«ton, thereby al­ increases the Precision Life! N ew York — Approximately 45,000 lowing control lever to move into »torting potilion. Write Today for Bulletin GC-12T cars for export are now on or

Reinforcing Bars . . . The Blaw-Knox line of H eavy-Duly Four-Rope Buckets includes Reinforcing Bar Prices, Page 163 specialized designs for fast rehandling of coal, ballast, Chicago — Reinforcing steel business ore and barge clean-up. Capacities from 4 to 25 tons. sagged to an extremely low level, There is an array of buckets listed and illustrated in with buyers as well as sellers staying out ot the market. Suppliers have so little Blaw-Knox Catalog No. 2059 which covers every conceiv­ •u . °r ^an^ and see so little available able bucket need — including yours. Send for a copy. :a . e future that they are not interested » inquiries. Builders, on the other hand, Pparently have concluded that the time not expedient for additions and im- 1 rovements. Bar fabricating interests n,e d10*- Permitted to operate more than BLAW-KNOX BUCKETS hours a week because of the order conserve electric power in northern , • laois and Indiana. The general prac- BLAW-KNOX DIVISION OF BLÂW-KNOX COMPANY “ fo work the first three days of the d " ? dose plants the remainder. „ * 0nT First contracts for the Maine a v-v— ^ ^ léS^ ¿ a been 1 r j 1 ^ itterY to Portland have ¡..p!,.. and the second for structures, 2002 Farmers Bank Bldg., »chiding bridges, will be out in July. Pittsburgh 22, Pa.

MaV 13, 1946 MARKET NEWS

Pig Iron . . . iron. With heavy backlogs of castings and cast pipe, reduced melt schedules Pig Iron Price so, Page 165 will unquestionably throw back deliv­ Pig iron supply is diminishing rapidly, eries of these products, precluding ac­ additional blast furnaces being banked ceptance of substantial additional orders OAKITE or blown out almost daily, with only a offered, subcontracts and otherwise. One small proportion still active. Foundries large builder of textile equipment has are curtailing operations or closing, be­ beenr able to place only a fraction of SOLUBLE OilL cause of lack of iron, coke and scrap. subcontracts offered. Pig iron ration­ Even after the coal strike ends some ing will be drastically revised, affecting time will he required to resume opera­ supply over the. remainder of the year, tions as receipt of supplies will be de­ with slight immediate prospect of build­ u an Invaluable layed two or three weeks at best. ing inventories to the 30-day limit. Pittsburgh — The one merchant pig Buffalo — District pig iron output 1 Aid to iron producer here has sufficient coal broke to 45 per cent of capacity with stocks to keep its blast furnace in op­ only seven out of 16 stacks in blast. eration until about May 26. To do this, Even if the coal strike is settled shortly, however, this interest is no longer sell­ producers claim the industry cannot ing coke in open market, producing only escape feeling its effects for some time. enough for operation of its blast furnace. Two producers, who use little coal for CRUSH Pig iron stocks are in more critical their own operations, are hoping to main­ supply than coke at most foundries. tain present output with large coke sup­ Only 23 out of 54 blast furnaces were plies accumulated during the steel strike active here at the close of last week from a coke firm which was permitted FORM and some of these were on reduced to operate because it supplied gas for wind. Tonnage involved in export in­ domestic purposes. Dwindling ore sup­ quiries continues heavy, but little can plies, however, are becoming more of a be done to supply this demand. factor also, despite the emphasis on coal GRINDING and coke. In the same light foundries Chicago — The immediate future for report lack of coke would act as a check many foundries in this area is uncertain, on melt, even if iron was available. In but it is certain that production of cast­ most instances, however, foundries report ings is about to drop sharply. All coke supplies are better than iron. shops are restricted to maximum opera­ Cleveland—Shortages of pig iron, coke tion of 24 hours per week by orders of To the ever-growing number of the Illinois Commerce and Indiana Pub­ and scrap, coupled with effects of the freight embargo, will force closing of users of crush-dressed wheel grind­ lic Service commissions, to conserve electric power. Operation for some time most foundries within two weeks. Due ing Oakite Soluble Oil is proving lias been on a hand-to-mouth basis as to special circumstances, one foundry effective both as a coolant and regards pig iron and coke, and iron, sand closed last week, while a few plan to and other supplies are now shut off by operate until mid-June. In order to lubricant. When used in recom­ spread supplies, some foundries have re­ the freight embargo effective May 10. duced their work week and others have mended solution, it keeps wheels In some instances, even 24 hours a week may not be possible. Central and shifted to lighter jobs. Operations had clean and free-cutting. In addition risen sharply in April, attaining the Southern Illinois and Indiana and Wis­ highest level in many instances since the to providing maximum cooling and consin foundries are not restricted on beginning of the war. Holdup orders on power but all will suffer from die freight proper lubrication, it also helps shipments have started to come in, embargo. Currently, 18 of the district’s especially from the automotive industry, prevent rust. A trial will convince 41 blast furnaces are operating, as com­ but production of castings will continue you that Oakite Soluble Oil solu­ pared with 19 a week ago and 34 before as long as supplies last. Operations have the strike. Inland Steel Co. banked a tions successfully meet the most been disrupted to some extent by the tact second stack last week and plans to re­ that receipts of pig iron often are not exacting coolant requirements for move a third this week. the usual grade, necessitating a change crush-dressed wheel grinding. New York — Pig iron sellers believe in the mix. Foundrym en estimate that that it will take more than a month at least two weeks will elapse following after the coal strike ends for blast fur­ termination of the coal strike before pig DETAILS FREE naces to get back to even a fair average iron supplies start moving in sunicien rate of operations, to say nothing of volume to resume foundry' operations. a precoal strike level. The melt of pig Cincinnati—Some furnaces have made Let us send you further information iron consumers in this district in May will no shipments of foundry' iron into n about Oakite Soluble. Oil. Or, if be substantially less than in April. Pig iron production not only is being cur­ district since the latter part of Ap • you prefer, write and we shall have tailed, but consumer inventories are Reserves are rapidly being ex,l®.u? . reaching the vanishing point in some and scrap cannot b e had in ®u“ ,icj our nearby Technical Service Rep­ tonnage. Melters are near shutdo cases. resentative call and demonstrate and drastic curtailments. Philadelphia — Several blast furnaces Birmingham — Pig iron grows scarcer its remarkable cooling and lubricat­ have suspended operations in this dis­ each week. Another furnace _ trict, with at least two blown out. Oth­ ing properties in your own plant. banked last week by Sloss-ShettieW ers are scheduled to go down this week, Steel & Iron Co., aggravating an alreao There is no obligation,—let us with little production remaining. Vari­ serious situation. Pig iron shortage hear from you TODAY. ous foundries are being forced to cur­ tail, some being down completely. In the railroad embargo together slowed pipe plant production. - some cases they have been applying the smaller industries are hard presse first week of idleness to vacations. Most now down expect to remain closed for even a fair tonnage of iron. OAKITE PRODUCTS, INC. at least two or three weeks, as they see 34E Thome* Street, New York 6, H. Y. little hope of replenishing supplies of Scrap . . . Teduricaf Service Representolivet located in AH coke and pig iron. Scrap Prices, Page 166 PfhdpdOtill of the Uoiiod States and Conodd Boston — By reducing melting sched­ ules, steelworks and foundries may Reduction of consumption as steel stretch depleted pig iron supplies two mills close has not affected dema“d ^ OAKITE to three weeks; already out of iron arc scrap as consum ers seek ail iney several smaller foundries. But one small get for reserve after the coa CLEANING open hearth is operating at Bridgeport. ends. Melters are paying larger Shipments have been dwindling while charges to obtain material iron • coke and lime are even tighter than lance. Freight embargo will st p

1 7 4 ------MARKET NEWS ------ments for a time and thus cut off fur­ cast by truck deliveries. Dealers con­ which is far short of water receipts a ther supply. tinue to pay over ceiling prices for un­ year ago. Only one barge fleet has Chicago — A more rapidly declining prepared, and for prepared if fur­ arrived so far from the eastern seaboard. steelmaking rate and complete closing ther yard processing permits an event­ New York — While some steel scrap of two steel plants because of electric ual even beak. This high bidding ap­ may be shipped during the embargo, on power shortage have failed to slacken plies to future accumulations up to July diesel-powered and electrified railroads, demand for scrap. Consumers are tak­ in some instances. For 1000 tons of aggregate shipments are sharply re­ ing all material offered and aggressively unprepared at Portsmouth naval ship­ duced. Most cast is delivered normally seeking more. This situation is not ex­ yard Ltiria Bros. & Co. bid S12.ll per by truck and that grade is less affected pected to change, although the freight cross ton. by transportation, athough the supply is embargo effective May 10 will halt move­ Buffalo — Full labor forces are being tighter than in melting steel. Demand ment of material. Within a few days maintained by scrap dealers to process is heavy, with prices at ceiling except for less scrap will be available as produc­ available yard stocks. Leading dealers some alloys, notably nickel grades. In­ tion was cut this week when manufac­ report equipment electrified and not af­ dustrial scrap production, turnings and turing plants were ordered to operate fected by the coal shortage. Two more borings, is declining at accelerated rate. not more than 24 hours per week to con­ boatloads of approximately 10,000 tons Most consumers will take in scrap when serve electric power and thereby stretch have arrived from the upper lakes. This transportation returns to normal, storing almost exhausted coal supply. Ceiling makes a total of three boats this season, tonnage in cases where melt recovers prices prevail on all standard grades. Pittsburgh — Demand for scrap con- . tinues heavy despite curtailment in steel mill and foundry operations. Indicative of the eagerness of mills to obtain badly needed scrap is report of shipments of low phos scrap into this district at a freight equalization of $4 above former level. Brokers and dealers are unable to meet requirements of larger consum­ LL-S ers as production scrap is scarce. Inad­ equate supply of pig iron has forced many foundries to increase the propor­ tion of cast scrap, further tightening supply. Freight embargo would ab­ ruptly halt scrap shipments from all points. O i l Detroit — Dealers and brokers have been busy in closing monthly automo­ tive and railroad scrap lists, but ton­ nage of automotive material is disap­ pointing, and some observers are in­ 7 * 0 i { f a t clined to believe auto builders are not too much interested in accelerating pro­ b iO duction in the face of an impossible price situation, materials shortages and continuing apathy on the part of labor. Prices hold at ceilings. Forthcom ­ ing freight embargo is seen as practical­ ly forcing suspension of all industrial operations. ^RASCO Cold Rolled Sections offer Cincinnati — Foundries are making substantial savings in both labor strong demands for iron and steel scrap in efforts to avoid shutdowns. Brokers CCI and material wherever fabricated metal and dealers, faced at the same time piece parts are used. High-speed, with shrinking tonnage, are tapping all resources, especially for cast and rails. modern rolling technique assures a fast, Emergency actions such as trading of continuous supply of mouldings and scrap, borrowing, and substitutions have sections, light in weight and usually of helped to maintain the melt at a fair level. The supply situation is extrem e­ equal or greater strength than costlier ly tight. Railroad offerings are being metal forms. apportioned in small tonnages. Mills which recently had adequate reserves Brasco shapes provide short-cuts to have been cutting into them and are in the market for all offerings. production because they are accurate Philadelphia — Demand for scrap re­ to dimension, uniform in cross-section mains heavy despite decline in consum p­ 0 3 and precision machined. Completed tion. Buyers expect a shortage of pig iron for some time after the end of the parts marked for your assembly speed coal strike and are anxious to build up inventories as much as possible. Short- > operations all along the line. a8e of cast scrap never has been more acute. Flow of scrap is expected to be We roll simple or difficult shapes in restricted seriously by the freight em ­ every metal, in gauges from .187 down bargo. Boston — Steel scrap inventories av­ to .006. The variety is practically erage about one month and in other unlimited. Hundreds of stock dies avail­ grades less with many consumers; ex­ able or special sections rolled from dies ceptions include several larger melters of cast, although most of these are limit­ designed and made in our own shops. ed as to iron and coke. Steelworks com ­ C 3 plain of alloy troubles, copper and nickel, I ,° uPSrading in recent shipments. The juter is apparent in low phos. Yard coalers are keen for that grade, involv- BRASCO MANUFACTURING CO. ln8 a differential and higher price. De- IDept. Rl — HARVEY [Chicago Suburb I ILLINOIS mand strong for heavy m elting and

13,' 1946 MARKET NEWS

slowly. The Pennsylvania railroad takes ing rapidly, with many sizes missing. bids May 20 on 13,655 tons, including Sheets in all gages and varieties are prac­ 4500 tons of No. 1 rail steel, 1500 tons tically unobtainable. Small bars are of car wheels, 795 tons of No. 2 sheet scarce and strong demand for light plates scrap and 1300 tons of cast. has reduced such stocks. Warehouses O f f *SUPER St. Louis — Scrap demand is heavy, are receiving less as mills curtail pro­ with increasing pressure for cast. Con­ duction because of lack of fuel. Manu­ rivcrmc^ moist sumption in tliis area has not been af­ facturers from outside this district seek fected by the coal strike as open hearths to place orders here. Material moves BOB'CAT here use gas or oil. Scrap shipments out as fast as received. show a moderate increase but not suffi­ Seattle — Warehouses report strong cient to allow shipment outside the im­ demand for all items but are unable to mediate district. Mill reserves are 30 obtain replacements from mills. Galvan­ to 45 days but are not being increased. ized sheets are in particularly critical Some melters pay high freight charges position and shortage of nails is retard­ to obtain scrap from a distance. Indus­ ing construction. trial scrap production has virtually Cincinnati — Shipments of steel to ceased. warehouses in this district grow steadily Bimungliam — Bad weather of the lighter. Already stocks are badly out past 10 days has further complicated the of balance, with some items almost un­ scrap situation. Shipments are off con­ obtainable. Customers’ demand is so siderably and not much tonnage has heavy that substitutions are readily ac­ been prepared at best because of high cepted, when available. Jobbers antici­ yard costs. Rain has slowed the prep­ pate a drop in sales volume this month. aration even further. Cast grades are especially scarce. Nonferrous Metals . . . Warehouse . . . Nonferrous Prices, Page 168 Warehouse Prices, Page 164 New York — Ranging up to 18 per cent, higher ceiling prices have been Chicago — In the present emergency granted on copper, copper-clad and cop­ in northern Illinois and Indiana to con­ per alloy wire, while a 14 per cent in­ serve electric power, the order limiting terim increase has been given armored operations of manufacturing plants to cable. Establishment of higher prices 24 hours per week applies also to steel for copper, lead and zinc are expected warehouses. Individual warehouses are to be announced soon. In anticipating maintaining the hours which serve their an increase, some foreign buyers have customers best. Some are running three placed orders here at higher prices, at eight-hour days, then closing; others are an average of about one cent a pound working fewer hours and remaining open over the prior week. Uncertainty as to more days. Demand holds steady despite prices has retarded new business. restricted operations of manufacturers. Lead production is not likely to show With the freight embargo effective May improvement until next month, at least, 10, receipts from mills will drop to noth­ and metal available in June will be no ing after material enroute arrives. heavier than that distributed under vol­ New York — Lacking material, lay­ untary rationing this month. Until sup­ offs are starting at some steel ware­ ply improves CPA has asked that cad­ houses. Mill deliveries have been de­ mium be rationed. Production has creasing for ten days and to meet heavy dropped to an average of 350,000 pounds consumer demand inventories include per month from 662,000 pounds. The substantial ratio of sizes and products government stockpile has been frozen for which inquiry is lightest. Alloy for usual commercial uses. stocks average better balance than car­ bon. For future delivery distributors Iron Ore . . . are unable to place orders in light gage sheets in all finishes, small bars, strip Iron Ore Prices, Page 164 and some heavier products, shapes and Lake Superior iron ore moved during thin plates. Rationing of depleted April totaled 729,902 gross tons, 6,5o2,- stocks is tightening. Cut nails have 172 tons less than in April, 1945, ac­ been removed from the OPA price list cording to the Lake Superior Iron Ore for both manufacturer and distributor; Association, Cleveland. Ore was loaded there have been some markups, but no at only two United States ports, D uluth runaway in prices. There is no gain yet and Two Harbors. Escanaba, usually in production of building nails, already the first to send out cargoes, because or scarce, in anticipation of the tremen­ its situation below the Soo locks and dous volume likely to be needed for the Straits, did not participate in April the federal housing program. tonnage. Canadian ore was loaded a Boston —. Warehouse distributors are Michipicoten and Port Arthur, the total in less favorable position to fill emer­ being 76,140 tons, compared with 46,9o- gency requirements in the growing short­ tons in April of last year. . age of wanted sizes and grades than dur­ Details of April movement are as loi- ing the steel strike. First quarter in­ low s: _ ventories have not been rebuilt after Gross Tons depletion and warehouses frequently April, 1946 April, 1945 have but 35 to 40 per cent of January E scanaba ...... 562'?','? inventory' in tons, products or sizes. De­ Marquette ...... tn 7 3 3 4 liveries have been on the down trend for Ashland ...... 50l H n ten days and have included limited ton­ Superior ...... ^ ’¡»ne’eoa nages in sizes and grades on which re­ Duluth ...... 327,100 1.795,579 conversion demand has long been cen­ Two Harbors ...... 326.662 1.901’42- tered. Total U. S. Ports . . 653.762 7,235.14- Michipicoten ...... 64,063 46, St. Louis — Sharp reduction in mill Fort Arthur ...... 12,077 shipments to consumers produces un­ Total Canada .... 76,140 precedented demand on warehouses for Grand Total .... 729.902 7,282,074 steel. Inventories are thin and reduc­ Decrease from year ago, 6,552,172 gross o

1 7 6 /TEE« N E W BUSINESS

STRUCTURAL STEEL PENDING N. J., contract No. 4, route 25; S. J. Groves Spring Wire Prices Rise & Sons, low. 3700 tons, bridge, Milan, HI., for state; bids 35 cents to $ 4 Basis M ay 3. 180 tons, bridge, Harlan county dam and res­ ervoir, Nebraska; bids to U. S. engineer, 2000 tons, supports for Bacon tunnel, Coulee Kansas City, Mo. Leading sellers of spring wire have ad­ City, Wash., for U. S. Bureau of Reclamation. vanced prices, effective as of April 3, to 150 tons, miscellaneous work in connection with 2100 tons, including 450 tons structural silicon new building for Philadelphia Inquirer, Phila­ the basis of $4 per 100 pounds, fob Pitts­ steel, lift span and towers, Passaic river delphia; McCloskey & Co., Philadelphia, gen­ bridge, route 25A, Newark and East New­ eral contractor. burgh, Chicago and Cleveland. This rep­ ark, N. J., 280 feet center to center of rear resents an increase of 35 cents per 100 column shoes, 81 feet, four inches wide, 150 tons, power plant for Luzerne County Gas center to center of trusses; bids June 4, & Electric Co., Hunlock Creek, Pa.; United pounds. Spencer Miller Jr., state highway commis­ Engineers & Constructors Inc., Philadelphia, sioner, Trenton; project also takes 165 tons contractor. Steel in Europe . . . of sheaves, shafts and bearings; 63 tons of operating machinery; 48 tons of wire ropes REINFORCING BARS . . . London—(By Cable) — March steel and rope sockets; 16,000 square feet of road­ way grating; 37 tons of cast steel shoes, and REINFORCED BARS PLACED output in Great Britain w as at the an­ 35 tons of reinforcing steel. nual rate of 13,295,000 tons, pig iron at 275 tons, paving, Marion county, Iowa, for 7,660,000 tons. Exports were 211,344 650 tons, New Jersey state bridge near Newark, state, to Des Moines Steel Co., Des Moines; tons, compared with 189,467 tons in N. J., contract No. 2, route 25; Poirier & Mc- Booth & Olson Inc., Sioux City, Iowa, con­ Lane, New York, low on general contract. February. New business is still expand­ tractor. ing. 600 tons, bridge over Kaskaskia river, Van- REINFORCED BARS PENDING dalia, 111., for state; bids May 3. 10,000 tens, billet steel; bids in to procure­ United States Rubber Co., New York, 475 tons, 605-foot four-span continuous girder ment unit, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, has announced a mechanical cranberry bridge and highway, Sheldon Falls, Vt.; inv. F-38,490-A-l. R. F. Carpenter, Alburg, Vt., low on com­ picker which operates on the principle bined bid, $521,078.73, rejected; no bids 6500 tons, sewage plant, Chicago, for Sanitary District of Chicago; bids taken April 11 re­ of the vacuum cleaner. It is said to be on bridge only, lump sum; required also 205-tons of reinforcing steel. jected, new bids May 23. more than twice as efficient as a human 2500 tons, stamping plant, Detroit, for Fisher picker. 420 tons, truss span and repairs, bridge No. Body Division, General Motors Corp. 656, St. Louis, for Missouri-Kansas-Texas Lines. 925 tons, including 750 tons wire mesh and STRUCTURAL SHAPES . . 175 tons bars, highway construction in La 350 tons, warehouse for Charles Lenning & Co., Salle and Kendall counties, Illinois, for State STRUCTURAL STEEL PLACED Philadelphia. Highway Commission; Arcole-Midwest Corp., 300 tons, state bridges, Maine, including one Chicago, low on general contract; bids April 9500 tons, office building, Louis W. Abrons, 23. 39th and Broadway, New York, to Bethlehem 250-ton unit, Houlton; bids in. 560 tons, milk plant, Wichita, Kans., for Rounds Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. 290 tons, bridge superstructure, Blue Ridge & Porter. 9000 tons, 26-story building, John Hancock Parkway, Watauga county, N. C.; bids May Insurance Co., Stuart street, Boston, to Beth­ 14, Public Roads Administration, Arlington, 260 tons, high school, Racine, Wis., for city. Va. lehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa.; Turner Con­ 250 tons, sewage disposal plant, Dayton, O., struction Co., Boston, general contractor. 190 tons, New Jersey state bridge near Newark, for city. 1350 tons, tunnel kiln building, Fulton, Mo., for Harbison-Walker Refractories Co., Pitts­ burgh, to American Bridge Co., Pittsburgh. 865 tons, steel superstructure, Penobscot river bridge, Howland-Enfield, Me., to American BRASS and Bridge Co., Pittsburgh, $144,304.84. 800 tons, building, Fairchild Press, New York, to Ingalls Iron Works, Verona, Pa. 'L & l COPPER 750 tons, engineering and experimental build­ ing, La Grange, 111., for ElectroMotive Di­ vision, General Motors Corp., to Joseph T. Bycrson &: Son Inc., Chicago; bids April 19. 275 tons, turbine foundations, Newark, N. J., for Public Service Electric & Gas Co., to American Bridge Co., Pittsburgh. 250 tons, warehouse addition, Chicago, from James McHugh Construction Co., to Ameri­ can Bridge Co., Pittsburgh. You can always look to 250 tons, building, Rheem Mfg. Co., Sparrows PENN "SUPERIOR" SEAMLESS omt, Md., to Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethle- TUBING for these important em, Pa.; Brown & Mathews, New York, general contractors. advantages: 157 tons, gate frames, Spec. 1205, Davis dam, Uniform wall thickness uise, Anz., for U. S. Bureau of Reclama- X T Bright finish inside and out uon, to American Bridge Co., Pittsburgh. XC Annealed to your specifications 15° !°n!; bridges, Nos. 851% and 853, Vail W en‘sop> la., for Chicago & North E a sy bending es ern Railway Co., to American Bridge x f Ends sealed Co-» Pittsburgh. XT Furnished in coils or straight lengths 50 tons, bridge No. 398, Robertsville, Mo., for • Louis-San Francisco Railway Co., to X T All sizes from l / ? 6 " to I“ O. 0. inclusive American Bridge Co., Pittsburgh. 125 f Write, wire or phone for dolu m tekpbone exchange buildings, Ports- i f Nashua’ N* H., to Lyons Iron tion r JJcbester, N. H.; Davison Construc- ^ u '-0., Manchester, general contractor. '¡m “ . on?'story 145 X 240-foot plant build- BRASS & COPPER CO. Conn .enf.an. Stfcl & A1Io>' Co-> Hartford, Phone 35-111 ERIE • PENNSYLVANIA ford- V ationa^ Steel Products Co., Hart- contractor McGraw Co-> Hartford, general "SUPERIOR" BRAND r ~ stat*on» Bluffton, O., for Cen- BRASS AND COPPER / Co. n,? 1 ^ Power Co., to Duffin Iron bi(k AprO*!^ Sargent & Lundy, engineers;

May 13, 1946 NEW BUSINESS

182 tons, expansion, Washington, Pa., for E. I. use at high or low temperatures and du Pont de Nemours & Co. Inc. not seriously impaired by contacts with 150 tons, building, Hamilton county, Ohio, for Mt. St. Joseph College. oils and explosives; An extensive study of the thermody­ e m o 118 tons, bridge, Cedar City, Iowa, for state. L M ^ » 15 namic properties of gases from actual PLATES . . . measurements at working temperatures

, h e U S » « * PLATES PENDING instead of by extrapolation of measure­ ments at near-room temperatures; 4000 tons, gas storage container, East Chicago, Ind., for Northern Indiana Public Service A study of the purely chemical aspects Co.; bids May 6. of chemical warfare agents, and meth­ ods of decontamination; p ip e . . . A study of the development of hyper- STEEL PIPE PLACED velocity guns, with stress on the need for 940 tons, 16-inch, Braintree, Mass. to R. D. Wood & Co., Florence, N. J. propellants which will operate with min­ imum erosion in the gun; the study is to 890 tons, six to 12-inch, Westboro, Mass., to Warren Pipe Co., Everett, Mass. bear in mind the assumption that rock­ 425 tons, six to 12-inch, Weston, Mass., to ets, operaling on solid propellants, have Warren Pipe Co., Everett, Mass. an important future; STEEL PIPE PENDING Also, a number of other studies, 011 ex­ 2625 tons, six to 12-inch, also 100 tons of plosives of higher potential energy rat­ m fittings, class 150 pipe, Seekonk, Mass.; ing per pound, improved piezo electric bids in. crystals for use in sound-ranging de­ 1015 tons, six to 12-inch, Braintree, Mass.; bids in. vices and in experimental apparatus, T O O L STEEL T U B IN G is "w hat the etc. RAILS, CARS . . . doctor ordered" for PUNCHES, Another major project is research in DIES, SLITTERS and all tubular or LOCOMOTIVES PLACED the application and mathematical tech­ ring shaped tools. I Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, one 6000-horse­ niques to problem s of naval warfare and power diesel-electric locomotive to Fairbanks It's easier to saw than to bore— so j Morse & Co. numerous instruments now used in sub­ when you make tools for— marines, on surface ships, and in the air. New York Central, 20 diesel-electric passenger • cutting, blanking and forming locomotives of 2000 horsepower each, to Problems which could be solved only by —or Electro Motive Division, General Motors wind tunnels, by water tunnels, or by Corp., La Grange, 111.; also twenty-eight • sleeves, bushings, collets or 1500-horsepower units, (not complete loco­ other experimental methods, says ORI, cams— motives) with Electro Motive; and six 1500- "have been solved successfully by math­ horsepower units each with Baldwin Loco­ ematical calculations, especially pro­ ASK BISSETT about TOOL STEEL motive Works, Eddystone, Pa., and American Locomotive Co., New York. cedures using mathematical computers; TUBING and save up to 80% of machining costs. RAILROAD CARS PENDING m athem atical calculators have given way to electromechanical computers Baltimore & Ohio, 200 fifty-foot, six-inch auto NEW BISCO DATA BOOK box cars. which in turn are being replaced by is now on the press. WRITE TODAY to insure Delaware & Hudson. 200 to 400 fifty-ton gon­ electronic computers.” jetting your copy. dolas. The exploitation of mathematical fa­ Donner-Hanna Coke Corp., 100 seventy-ton cilities is still in its infancy, says the It contains full triple hoppers. technical informa- im\ ORI. Since the use of mathematics lion on all BISC O W W J f H ) Missouri-Lansas-Texas, 100 seventv-ton cov­ products. Carbon \ \ \ ( ered hoppers. saves much time necessary in arriving at and A llo y St«tls, 1»\ solutions, research must find improved H R and CD . Bali M\ New York City Board of Transportation, 200 Bearing Steel . M c \ trackless trolley coaches for Brooklyn; Mar- ways of putting mathematics to work, Aircraft Steels • t f n z A mon-Herrington Co. Inc., Indianapolis, low. Boiler Tubes • “especially in the field of supersonic flight Chisels • Cold Fin- „ Norfolk & Western, 250 fifty-ton box cars. ished Steels • in aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, me­ Cumberland a R F i t l chanics and electromagnetism and, in Ground Shafts • 1 ’ Drill Rods *lH lgh Research Program Enlists particular, radiation.” While the approach Speed Tool Bits • Shim Steel • Spring Steels • is to be fundamental, the principal sub­ Tool Steels and Tool Steel Tubing. Aid of Private Facilities heads of the study include: Ballistics; (Concluded from Page 73) fire control; computing devices; mathe­ matical physics; and mathematical com­ THE BISSETT STEEL CO. ST A study of the physical nature of the 945 E a st 67th Street lubrication process and the develop­ putation. C leveland 8, O h io ment of new lubricants, including the Other major projects in the program W e want the N E W Bisco Catalog. water-soluble variety; embrace fundamental research in the Nam e ...... Development of hydraulic fluids sat­ field of medical sciences, in physics, m Position ...... isfactory under all service conditions, fluid mechanics, geophysics, in propul­ sion and m issiles— also in certain high!) Firm ...... and free of fire hazard; Fundamental study on the physical restricted fields concerned entirely with Address ...... and chemical principles of paints; naval warfare. Better, cheaper batteries to carry out The propulsion and missile project is BIŚCO cne of the lessons of the war—that bat­ one that holds great potentials for cisi- teries have many more potential power ;an industry in the future. It will de* uses than previously realized; with jet and other types of propulsion THE BISSETT STEEL CO. An expansion of the study of polymer in the air, on the water and in the 945. EAST S7lh ST.. CLEVELAND 8. OHIO chemistry to include, among other ob­ ter, with control systems for guiding jectives, that of developing rubber for long-range missiles, etc.

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LEETONIA, O.— Leetonia Tool Co., West Main CONSTRUCTION AND ENTERPRISE St., C. E. Holt Sr., secretary, will build a plant 100 x 240 feet to consolidate opera­ ARKANSAS Light &; Power Co. plans $6,500,000 addi­ tions now scattered, with addition of con­ siderable new equipment. EL DORADO, ARK.—Lion Chemical Coip., tion to Riverside steam generating station. El Dorado, is converting former Ozark Ord­ SPARROWS POINT, MD.—Rheem Mfg. Co., MANSFIELD, O.—Ohio Public Service Co., nance Works plant into fertilizer manufac­ 570 Lexington Ave., New York, has let con­ Joy A. Herbert, division manager, 10 South turing plant at cost of $1 million. (Noted tract to Brown & Mathews, 122 East 42nd St., Park St., will build 33,000-kva substation as Apr. 8.) New York, for a onc-story 180 x 300-foot part of $310,000 program, when materials manufacturing plant, to cost about $300,000. are available. CALIFORNIA MT. GILEAD, O.—Hydraulic Press Co. will LOS ANGELES— Security Engineering Co. is MICHIGAN let contract soon for a pattern shop and vo­ cational training school 87 x 120 feet, to building a beat treating plant costing $7000 BENTON HARBOR, MICH.—Benton Harbor cost about $35,000. and machine shop costing $35,000, at 108 Malleable Industries has plans under way for West Whittier Boulevard. a malleable foundry plant to cost about WARREN, O.—Evans Appliance Co. Inc. has LOS ANGELES—Jackson Iron Works is build­ $500,000. been incorporated by Evan W. Evans, 210 ing a plant addition 25 x 75 feet, to cost East Market St., Statutory agent, with $7000 DETROIT—Stuart Foundry Co., 138 South $8500, at 4839 East Patata St., Cudahy capital, to manufacture electric appliances. district. Junction Ave., has let contract to Bennage & McKinstrie, 4611 Woodward Ave., for a WOOSTER, O.—Timken Roller Bearing Co., LOS ANGELES—Parent Bros, are building a foundry addition to cost about $60,000. 1801 Dueber Ave., will build plant additions machine shop addition 40 x 100 feet, costing soon, including tube mill with 35,000 square about $10,000, at 3335 Union Pacific Ave. DETROIT—Ford Motor Co., 3000 Schaefer feet, die plant with 3000 square feet and Rd., Dearborn, Mich., plans additions 170 substation with 6000 square feet. William E. LOS ANGELES—Sta-IIi Corp., 1024 Crocker x 960 feet and 88 x 600 feet at its Highland Umstattd is president. St., is building a machine shop 29 x 75 feet, Park plant, to cost about $500,000. to cost about $7500. YOUNGSTOWN—Youngstown Sheet & Tube RIVER ROUGE, MICH.—Sun Oil Co., 5848 Co., J. Cohn, purchasing agent, Stambaugh LOS ANGELES—Technical Products Co., 1144 Brooklyn St., Detroit, plans bulk oil stor­ Bldg., will build three additions to Poland North Las Palmas Ave., is building a ma­ age plant and dock on Rouge river, to cost Ave. plant, to cost about $86,000. Build­ chine shop addition 50 x 63 feet, to cost about $100,000. ings will be 40 x 50 feet, 40 x 30 feet and about $12,000. 20 x 30 feet. ST. JOHNS, MICH.— Wire Assemblies Corp., SAN GABRIEL, CALIF.—Clary Multiplier St. Johns, has plans under way by St. Claire OREGON Corp. has plans for a new plant on a 4t£- Pardee, Clinton Ave., for a one-story 150 x BEAVERTON, OREG.—Voters have approved acre site on Dalton Rd., to cost about $250 - 225-foot wire plant, to cost about $150,000. 000. a $200,000 bond issue to finance a $65,000 reservoir and water system improvements, the GEORGIA N E W JE R S E Y remainder to be used for improvement and expansion of power plant. BURLINGTON, N. J.—Hercules Powder Co., G^'— Westinghouse Electric Corp., 900 Market St., Wilmington, Del., will build EUGENE, OREG.— City plans early construc­ 1299 Northside Dr., has let contract to Aero a chemical plant here, to cost about $1 - tion of disposal plant postponed since 1941, Construction Co., 1667 Virginia Ave., for 500,000. to cost about $250,000. a warehouse and office building, to cost about $160,000. R. J. Locatell, 644 High- N E W YORK PORTLAND, OREG.—General Tool Co., land Ave. NE, is architect. Flanders and NW Fifteenth Sts., has let MOUNT VERNON, N. Y.—Mctaplast Co., 250 contract to Reimers & Jolivette, Builders GORDON, GA.—City plans construction of West Nineteenth St., New York, has let con­ Exchange Bldg., for a tool plant addition, sewage disposal plant and collection system, tract to Lanning Construction Corp., 199 to cost about $50,000. Wolff & Phillips, including pumping station to cost over $100,- Main St., White Plains, N. Y., for a plant Pearson Bldg., are architects. building 154 x 234 feet, to cost about $200,- MACON, GA.—Armstrong Cork Co., Lan­ 000. Sohn & Weston, 44 Court St., Brooklyn, PENNSYLVANIA N. Y., are architects. caster, Pa., wiU let contract soon through PITTSBURGH—H. C. Frick Coke Co., Frick Harry Boettcher, architect, Lancaster, for Bldg., plans a one-story 108 x 245-foot a manufacturing plant, to cost about $4 OHIO coal washing plant at Robena mine, Green million. Rust Engineering Co., Clark Bldg., AKRON— Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., 1144 Pittsburgh, is engineer. county, Pennsylvania, to cost about $3 mil­ East Market St., E. J. Thomas, president, lion. will build a one-story addition to building ILLINOIS No. 112, 101 x 221 feet, for a rim plant, RHODE ISLAND to cost about $180,000. CHICAGO— Automatic Electric Co., 1033 West PROVIDENCE, R. I.—Monowatt Corp., 66 lan Buren St., has let contract to N. Dick- CINCINNATI—Trainmobile Co., Robertson Rd. Bissell St., w ill,build a one-story 80 x 135- man, 1126 South Kcdzie Ave., for a five- and 31st St., has plans by A. M. Kinney foot plant building costing about $100,009. story 30 x 144-foot assembly building, to Lie., Enquirer Bldg., for plant additions cost about $60,000. F. Randall, 205 Wacker costing about $350,000. TEXAS Dr., is engineer. D A LLA S, T E X .— Verson Allsteel Press Co., CLEVELAND—Gabriel Co., 1407 East 40th 1355 East 93rd St., Chicago, plans a one- 1737 CI‘iCAIGO—Chicago Apparatus Co., St., has let contract to the Austin Co., 16112 story plant building, to cost about $450,000. North Ashland Ave., will build a four-story Euclid Ave., for plant alterations estimated H. B. Geib & Associates, Texas Bank Bldg., plant addition costing about $200,000. E. C to cost about $450,000. are architects. Bruno, 4739 Washington St., Skokie, 111. is architect. * CLEVELAND—Towmotor Corp., 1226 East FORT WORTH, TEX.—City has filed applica­ 152nd St., has let contract to Peck & Udell, tion with FVVA for advance for planning of EAST PEORIA, ILL.—Caterpillar Tractor Co., 4500 Euclid Ave., for a two-story 157 x sewage treatment plant to cost about ^ $1 East Peoria, plans erection of five additional 220-foot plant building, to cost about $185,- million. Freese & Nichols, 407 Danciger plant buildings, to cost over $1 million, with 000. C. B. Rowley & Associates, Keith Bldg., Bldg., Fort Worth, are engineers. equipment. are architects. (Noted Apr. 14.) H OUSTON, T E X .— Shell Oil Co. Inc., Shell INDIANA CLEVELAND—Frantz Mfg. Co., 3650 East Bldg., has let contract to M. W. Kellogg Co., 93rd St., will move its gray iron foundry here Esperson Bldg., for a lubricating oil manu­ INDIANAPOLIS—Metal-Auto-Parts Co., 1438 from Minerva, O., and aluminum foundry facturing plant to cost about $6 million West Henry St., has let contract to A. V from Canton, O. Walter Frantz is president. Stackhouse Co., 2611 Winthrop Ave., for a HOUSTON, TEX.—Sun Oil Co., Esperson Company’s product is washing machine parts. one-story plant building 100 x 200 feet to Bldg., has plans in preparation for a flare cost about $150,000. CLEVELAND—Wheel-Hime Inc., 954 Ansel gas processing plant, to cost about $150,000. Rd., has been incorporated by H. C. Horn, HOUSTON, TEX.—Ceco Steel Products Corp., L0C^ N:SP0RT> —Muelhausen Spring Co., agent, to manufacture house trailers. 82/ Michigan St., has plans by H. C. Wolf, 2814 Pease Ave., has bought eight-acre site 316 Heath St., for a one-story 146 x 192- CLEVELAND—Lake Erie Screw Corp. has for later erection of plant for fabrication or foot plant, to cost about $150,000. been incorporated by Thomas M. Kennedy, reinforcing bars. attorney and representative, 1409 NBC Bldg., H OUSTON, T E X . — Southwestern Greyhound IOWA and will establish a plant for manufacture of Bus Co. has let contract to Arch Munn cc screws, bolts and nuts. Sons, 5319 Junius St., Dallas, Tex., for a DUBUQUE, IOWA.—Virginia-Carolina Chem­ shop building to cost about $100,000. ical Corp., has let contract to Ulrich Willys, CLEVELAND—Adalet Mfg. Co., 1448 East 49th St., has bought site in Lorain Ave. for for a fertiIizer plant, to cost about WISCONSIN $145,000. plant to be erected when materials are avail­ able. Henry B. Stecher is in charge. G R E E N BAY, W IS.— Hoberg Paper Mills Inc., 800 Elm St., plans a boiler plant costing HUBBARD, O.—Powell Pressed Steel Co., about $500,000, with equipment. Helmick, W. J. Powell in charge, will build a die shop BALTIMORE—Consolidated Gas, Electric Edeslcuty & Lutz, 412 Essex Bldg., Minne­ costing $75,000, one story, 60 x 134 feet. apolis, are consulting engineers.

1 8 0 / t e e i USE HEADED AND THREADED FASTENERS FOR ECONOMY AND RELIABILITY

C a v b o n -

S \a > o 'eSS B r o n z e - ,dardà'^en'

oecif'ca'‘0nS'

O CLOSER SCREENED Seeing is believing! You’ll Q & Y /j> o ta p TESTS get a new conception of ef­ fective peening when you put 20th Century Blast Peening Shot to the test. It is not only the most accurate to start with, but has the backbone °°OoOO for greatest durability—slow E V E N w ear. Also Steel SHOT, GRIT for Blast Cleaning!

Specify 20th Century Shot and Grit when ordering your next supply of cleaning abrasive. Proper selection of materials plus our Exclusive Scientific Heat Treating process makes our product a most profitable investment.

Write Jor Samples and Price List

The Cleveland,

"THE BOLT M A N ” letal Abrasive Co. Main Office and Plant: h MANUFACTURING COMPANY 880 E. 67th Street, CLEVELAND 8, OHIO m 327 Pine Street • Pawtucket, R. I. Howell Works: Howell, Mich.

THE PLACE TO SOLVE YOUR BOLT PROBLEMS

May 13, 1946 MOVE YOUR MATERIALS EASIER, FASTER, CHEAPER WITH

A few of the advantages offered by I.B. Locomotive Cranes includet • Sure, sensitive response to air- operated controls speeds up the job with less operator fatigue. • Anti-friction bearings at all es­ sential points minimize maintenance. • Monitor-type cab affords opera­ tor 360° visibility. • One-piece cast steel bed insures rigidity of mechanism thus prolong­ ing crane life in continuous opera­ tion under heavy service. • Rotating and travel friction disc clutches with 1-point adjustment re­ duce wear and strain on mechanism'. For the best possible answer to your Advantage* »uch ot rho$« Iith»d at right, engineered ond built into I.B, loeomotlvo materials-handling problems, talk Crones are typical of .the design and con­ things over with I.B.— first! struction superiority of all I.B, mnterials- handling equipment. Including the elec­ trically operated'gantry crone (right).

INDUSTRIAL BR0WNH0IST BUILDS BETTER CRANES ^

INDUSTRIAL BROWNHOIST CORP. • BAY CITY, MICH • District Offices: New York, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Chicago • Agencies: Detroit, Birmingham, Houston, Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle, Vancouver, B.C., Winnipeg, Canadian Brownhoist Ltd., Montreal, Quebec. *****

W ITH A PIJA CM Outstanding ¡n D BStG N , in R ESU LTS! HYDRATROL LATHES

/V l LIED’S R-B Interchangeable Punch and Die is "standard” in metal w orking and plastic industries. Standard shapes and sizes carried in stock. Illustrated are four of the thousands of specially-designed punches we have made. Special R-B punches and dies made in any Let us show you what a Heavy Duty HYDRATROL material, shape or size desired. Send for LATHE could do in your plant. Sizes 20" to 36 . large, illustrated R-B catalog, now. Send us prints for a recommendation.

Ail Eb*'« ALLIED PRODUCTS co rp o ra tio n hmatltl MACHINE COMPANY

Department 29-E • 4628 Lawton Ave. • Detroit 8, Michigan

/TEEL 182 Photo courtesy Metal Stampings Limited, Toronto

from KESTER Forgings by Phoenix can be found wherever parts with a plus amount of stamina are required . . . • Tight, permanent solder bonds depend on the flux parts such as gears, axles, bearings, crankshafts, • ■ • a chemically and physically c o r r e c t flux that equipment operating valves, pressure fittings, flanges . . . parts that must be strong, tough and properly cleans the work and prevents re-oxidation. possessed of high fatigue resistance ... parts whose failure can mean disaster to men and equipment. • Different solder jobs require different fluxes, an­ The proven ability of Phoenix forgings to stand other important point to consider. up under the most severe operating conditions accounts for their widespread use by equipment manufacturers for many of the vital parts of their °u can get the right flux for your particular sol­ products. These users, however, depend on forg­ dering operation ... right in kind and right in quality ings for other advantages in addition to strength, stamina and fatigue resistance. Advantages such as, • • ■ from Kester, for 47 years the recognized solder the ability to position strength without increasing authority. Consult Kester engineers at any time, weight . . . the forming of parts to close tolerances which minimizes machining time and eliminates without obligation. waste . . . the wide range of welding adaptability for the fabrication of complicated assem blies from two or more parts. KESTER SOLDER COMPANY The many advantages of Forgings by Phoenix 4222 Wrightwood Avenue, Chicago 39, 111. are well worth your consideration. Especially, if Eastern Plant: Newark, N. J. you are interested in improving your product and Canadian Plant: Brantford, Ont. reducing its cost. Why not call in a Phoenix Forging Engineer? He’ll gladly discuss your problems with you . . . and there’s no obligation.

FORGING DIVISION OF PHOENIX MANUFACTURING CO

CATASAUQUA, PA JOLIET, ILLINOIS production HBW W ALDRO N pride is your assurance o f dependability. At “Industrial” we like to feel that the gears we S e r ie s ,4 CO U PLIN G make reflect the character of the men who make them. From “head man” —all down the line . . . Famous Walflex Seal posi­ your specifications are tively prevents oil leaking Identical externally met exactly! out or dust seeping in. geared hubs key to Constant, ample supply of shafts. clean oil. 9 to d t*e t/tia tJ£

—is more than a name. It represents precision gears in production quantities with inbuilt quality. Now, more than ever you need a dependable source for smooth run­ ning, quiet, precision gears cut to your specifications or Larger engineered by us to your performance requirements. We have a modern plant, equipment 95% new; an efficient maximum corps of skilled craftsmen who make any type gear, from bore a simple spur to helicals, or bevels in any quantity, permits any material. “Industrial” is a safe source . . . a depend­ use of able source! smaller Write for catalog and handbook on your company letterhead. sized coupling.

The Plant that Quality anti Service Built

One piece male and fe­ INDUSTRIAL GEAR ; MFG. CO. male cover sleeves func­ '4545 VAN.BlIRíN STRÍe í -, CHICAGO 24.IUINOÍS tion as a single rigid unit.

costs less to buy, F O R M S a n d s i z e s to m eet your sfspecifications; any m aterial, an y qquantify. A sk us about them in connection with operate and maintain! your particular problem. Hvbbord also makes Springs, Wire By specifying the newly designed Waldron Series "A " Formt, Hair Pin Coffers, Special Coupling you can select a smaller size than ordinarily Washers. Aik for data sheets. required. You save on initial cost, require less shaft extension, insure greater accuracy.

Operating and maintenance costs are reduced by the specially constructed, dependable Walflex Seal that keeps a constant supply of cle a n oil inside the coupling. Many other exclusive construction refinements make the Waldron Series "A " Coupling the most economical to buy and use.

W rite f o r descriptive Catalog 57 giving technical

COUPLING DIVISION J0HN WALDRON corr M.in OHiee and Warks a - - 1 ■ ~ "*;„■=* COUPLINGS 425 CENTRAL AVENUE, PONTIAC 12. MICHIGAN^ /T E E I cto áeifc you 6neet& títe BOTTLENECK/

FINDLAY, OHIO Air Dump Cars, Mine Cars, Locomotives, Lorries TIN PLATE-WIRE AXLESS Trains and Complete Haulage Systems C O P -R -L O Y PIPE-SHEETS

OVERHEAD TRAVELING CRANES • AC and DC ARC WELDERS • WELDING ELECTRODES WELDING POSITIONERS • ELECTRIC HOISTS INDUSTRIAL CRAWLER CRANES 4411 W, National Ave., Milwaukee 14, Wis,

WHEELING STEEL CORPORATION bchiub ■ iutmt tuits ■ ut mans ( j WHEELING, WIST VIRGINIA

Maenetic Chucks Colloidal Oils Surlace Grinders a°d Selection Dust Collector Gaje Blocks • «fitli Instruments lillimote *irisin£hams*5t 18 Denver KE 7511 1 ^ ^ T T ' ¡ I | W V J H P B 8 H | BMinneapolís4 ¿ i f f ír n T]nrL'l Pittshurah AT 3386 San Francisca GA4784 Besten ASP ESR2 D!Uolt TE 2'3060 w / / íH P ! V ) \ «I Uy W /// / / / P>////^ tT»M éÍá> flÍÍ Providence Wl ISIS Seattle EAST 7500 Baílalo PA Paso MAIN 704B i l B ÉMinnesota ^ Readinz 7258 Statesville SIS Ckicajs SEE 1166 G,an

May 13, 1946 185 A FULL LOAD WITH EVERY p i c k - u p iffffOTPWTlDEADY-pOWEą

MAGNET CHARGERS • Self-starting. Remote control at operator’s hand insures fuel economy and provides greater convenience. • Completely protected engines with engi­ neered air cleaners, oil filters, fuel strainers. • Engine parts o r service available through In­ ternational Harvester branch houses. Power Unit distributors, or farm tractor dealers, located everywhere.

ModeI R-2-M 71/5 or 10 KIT STAMPINGS Over 40 years experience. Literature on request WHITEHEAD ^EADY-pOWEą V STAMPING CO. i Est. 1903 WMiTSHEAD Detroit 16, Michigan 11230 Freud A v e Detroit. 14, Mich., U.S.A. 1(97 W. Lafayette Blvd,

GASOLINE - DIESEL GeüU{¿ed Steel FOR USE IN BLAST CLEANING EQUIPMENT SAMSON STEEL SHOT ANGULAR STEEL GRIT STEAM - ELECTRIC riTTSBURSH CRUSHED STEEL CO., PITTSBURGH. M. i * * STEEL SHOT & SHIT CO.. 80ST 0H. H I S S . •UCYtuS THe OHIO LOCOMOTIVE CRANE Co 0X10

LADLE SLEEVES . NOZZLES Have It Galvanised by — FOUNDRY GATES • RUNNERS Joseph P. Cattie & Bros., Inc. (Longer Lengths) Gaul & Lettcrly Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. y Clay Manufacturers Since 1889 Philadelphia’s Oldest, The Country’s Also other Refractories largest Hot Dip Job Galvaniser NATIONAL FIREPROOFING CORPORATION PITTSBURGH 12, PA. Galvanized Products Furnished

TheĄFdsłesf SeHintf Ârc We/dir on fhe

HOBART BROTHERS CO., Box ST-561, TROY, OHIO

COMPLETE M e m b e r Metal Treating Institute HEAT TREATING FACILITIES for Ferrous and ITTSBURGH Nonferrous Metals COMMERCIAL HEAT TREATING CO HINDLEY M FG. CO PITTSBURGH, PA Valley Falls, R. I. IT PAYS TO S u c f Irwin Hammerboards

AND TO TAKE @ 4 S i e

"Grade A " Irwin Hammerboards combine

oil the qualities you have found necessary

for top efficiency in board drop hammer Air-Hardening, Non-Deforming operation . . . If you store them in a place Cobalt High-Carbon, of normal temperature and keep them High Chromium Steel tightly bundled, you can depend upon your reserve supply always delivering the kind of J hammerboard service you must have to make A tool steel with an original basic formula a profit. our own specifications. Recognized for long die life and unsurpassed quantity production runs. Outstanding characteristics are simplicity of treatment, IRWIN SOLID GRADE “A” uniform hardness penetration to the center, secondary OR WELDROCK LAMINATED hardness, extremely high tensile strength, resistance to abrasion. Ideal for blonking, drawing, forming, trimming and shearing tools. MANUFACTURING FURNISHED IN BAR STOCK. BILLET. FORGING, CASTING AND WELDING ROD. COMPANY, INC. BULLETIN ON REQUEST g a r l a n d . ? > < t . Representatives in New York City, Plainville, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Detroit, Orlando, Chicago, In d ian apolis, Milwaukee, St. Louis and Los Angeles.

REPRESENTA TIVES DARWIN & MILNER Inc. JHN H. SIPCHW CO. R. B . McDONAlO & CO. BRETT’S PATENT LIFTER CO.. l t d . *49 Washington Blvd. 335 Curtis Building FoleshilJ Works Chicago, Illinois Dttrolf, Michigan Coventry, England 1260 W. FOURTH ST. CLEVELAND 13, OHIO

Full lVarehouse"Serv7ce” e lm on t ■ r o n 1 1 1 o r k s PHILADELPHIA I NEW YORK ■ ■ EDDYSTONE BARS • STRUCTURALS B Engineers - Contractors - Exporters PLATES* SHEETS* STRUCTURAL STEEL — BUILDINGS & BRIDGES COLD FINISHED • ETC. R i v e t e d — A r c W e l d e d Write for Monthly Stock List B e l m o n t interlocking c h a n n e l F l o o r Write for Catalogue AMERICAN PETROMETAL CORP. Main.Office—-Pliila., Pa. New York Office—-44 Whitehall St. Broadway at 11th St.. Lona Island City 2. N. Y.

S IL IC O N , * Pickling of Iron and Stccl-By Wallace c. imhog SILVERY This book covers many phases of pick­ ESSENTIAL ling room practice and construction and FOR ALL maintenance of pickling equipment. Price THE PENTON PUBLISHING CO. FERROUS METALLURGY Postpaid Book Department ______$5.00 1213 W. aril St., Cleveland 13, Ohio______w 520-S THE JACKSON IRON & STEEL CO. " JACKSON, OHIO

• • • • QUALITY GEARS by • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • COPPER - BRASS - BRONZE PERFORATED | T O YOUR REQUIREMENTS S im o n d s g e a r s o f v a rio u s ty p e s a re p ro d u ce d in many sizes. Spur gears up to 12 feet in PERFORATED METALS diameter, of cast and forged steel, gray FOR ALL INDUSTRIAL USES iron, bronze, silent steel, rawhide and SEND FOR CATALOG No. 34 bakelite. We can help you with your gear ARCHITECTURAL GRILLES problems: write for complete information. Distributors of Ramsey Silent Chain drives D IA M O N D MFG. CO. and couplings. B O X 32 W Y O M IN G , PA.)

THE SIMONDS GEAR & MFG. CO. 25TH STREET, PITTSBURGH, PA.

M a>- 13, 1946 18 7 USED and REBUILT EQUIPMENT 'm -IHS MATERIALS « F^ T r o lSI^SilaElLiiLffi rwr~wam»MMan5

WANTED FOR SALE Squaring Shears 2 ELECTRIC ROLLER HEARTH FURNACES 10 gauge, 12 foot capa­ Manufactured by General Electric Company. Approx. city, motor driven, must dimensions heating chamber: 60' long, 5' wide and 3' high. be in A -l condition. Complete with charge and discharge tables, cooling cham­ bers, control panels, instrument panels, etc. Give full information regarding Capacity 10,350 lbs. per hour at 1250 degrees F. Prints model, type, age and attachments. available upon request. Saint Paul Corrugating Co. For Further Detailed Information So. End Wabasha Bridge, St. Paul 1, Minn. Write, Wire or Phone GLAZER STEEL CORPORATION 610 Chamberlain St. Phone 3-0738 FOR SALE Knoxville, Tenn. FLANGE STEEL A considerable tonnage of 1/4" COPPER TUBING Flange Steel Comers of sufficient size WANTED to blank 10" to 8" diameter circles. 5000 feet, VA inch O.D. x No. 14 B.W.G. (.083 wall), hard-drawn, de-oxidized Subject to prior sale. or plain. THE COMMERCIAL SHEARING 120 feet, 2 inch x .095 wall, hard-drawn copper tubing. Some variations from above specifications may be acceptable. & STAMPING CO. If you can supply whole or part wire Purchasing Department P.O. Bos 719 or phone exact dimensions and dc- O. G. KELLEY & CO. Youngstown 1, Ohio scription, quantity, location and price. 98 Taylor St., Dorchester 22, Mass. Phone TALbot 5600

FO R S A LE N E W A N D RAILS RELAYING FOR SALE ALLOY STEEL TRACK ACCESSORIES ROUND, HEX, SQUARE BARS 450 TONS 6x6x1/2x19’ 2" New York and Pittsburgh t tom 5 IVatahouiei Warehouse Stocks •PROMPT SHIPMENTS NEW MILD STEEL ANGLES L. B. FOSTER CO. • FABRICATING FACILITIES • Park Place, New York 7 •TRACKAGE SPECIALISTS Glazer Steel Corporation Phone—Barclay 7-21U P. O. Box 1647, Pittsburgh 30 EVERYTHING FROM ONE SOURCF Ph o n e— W a ln u t 3300 610 Chamberlain St. Phone 3-0738 Michigan Distributor L. B. FOSTER COMPANY C. J. GLASGOW COMPANY Knoxville, Tenn. 2009 Fen hell A w ., Detroit 3 PITTSBURGH CHICAGO Phone—Townsend 8-1172 NEW YORK SAN FRANCISCO

RELAYING RAIL FO R SA LE Rail, Accessories TRACK ACCESSORIES PHILCO BATTERIES Lead Aold— 18 Cell « 0 Ampere heur, «r Railway Equipment MIDWEST STEEL CORP. truck.. New end unused original penW««. All Steel Products Ij 24H" wide. 22- hloh. 3S\i" I»"«- A™*'“ 1*- G e n ’! OH. C H A R L E S T O N 21, W . V A . Purchasing Department W arehouses DORSEY TRAILERS, INC. CHARLESTON, W. V A . KNOXVILLE, TENN. • PORTSMOUTH, VA. E lb a , A la .

RAILWAY EQUIPMENT AND New and Used FOR SALE ACCESSORIES Locomotives We can furnish rails, spikes, bolts, angle HHu # *sm RAIL & INDUSTRIAL 18/20 to n Davenport L o co m o tive bar», locomotives, cranes and other rail­ ca« EQUIPMENT CO. way material. Fully Repaired. 36" sauge. Write, wire or phone for price» .30 Church S t., Hew York T, H. Y. Immediate Delivery. SON KEN-GALAN! BA CORP. Cranes " ' ' Telephone BAfclay 7-98-40 Address Box 526 108 N. 2d S t. K a n sa s C ity, K a n sa s

/TEE* 18 8 USED and REBUILT EQUIPMENT M A T E R IA L S 1

F O R S A L E OVERHEAD CRANES 15-Ton Cleveland 35* Span 6-Ton Shaw 23' Span 200-Ton Allianc* 100' Span 5-Ton “ American" 10’ 150-ton W hiting 30' Span 15-Ton Morgan 77' Span B9-Ton “ American“ 40'6" 15-Ton Niles 32' Span S p a n STEEL 15-Ton Northern 53' Span 5-Ton Champion 37'8U S p a n 78-Ton Allianca 37' Span 15-Ton Shaw 82' Span S p a n 78-Ton Allianca 78' Span 15-Ton Shaw 77' Span 8-Ton Euclid 50 tons 5/8 plate 50-Ton Shaw 69'10" Span 15-Ton Toledo 82' Span 8-Ton Milwaukee 39'8" 40-Ton Allianca 82' Span 15-Ton Whiting 74f8 S p a n 25 tons 7/8 plate 35-Ton Northern 22' Span S p a n 8-Ton Milwaukee 66'9" 30-Ton Caaa 41' Span 12-Ton Morgan 86' Span S p a n Large Sizes 30-Ton Morgan 77' Span 10-Ton Alliance 58*9' Spa: 5-Ton Milwaukee 70' Span 30-Ton Morgan 30' Span 10-Ton “ American*’ 27* 5-Ton Northern 49'6"Span S p a n 5-Ton P&H 45' Span GLAZER STEEL CORPORATION 30-Ton Nilaa 53'9" Span 5-Ton Shaw-Boa 25' Span 30-Ton Reading 56' Span 10-Ton Case 31'9" Span CIO Chamberlain St. Phone 3-0738 25-Ton Bedford 50' Span 10-Ton Cleveland 38' Span 5-Ton Shepard 40' Span 10-Ton Cleveland 50' Span 5-Ton Toledo 96' Span Knoxville, Tenn. 25-Ton Cleveland 106'Span 25-Ton P&H 70' Span 10-Ton Lane 50' Span 8-Ton Whiting 80' Span 25-Ton W hiting 106' Span 10-Ton Morgan 39 5" Span 3-Ton P&H 46'4" Span 25-Ton W hiting 82' Span 10-Ton Morgan 77' Span 3-Ton Shaw 33' Span 20-Ton Alliance 77' Span 10-Ton P&H 57' Span 3-Ton Whiting 57'3" Span 20-Ton Cleveland 65' Span 10-Ton Northern 34' Span 10-Ton P&H 37'4" Span 2-Ton Detroit 28' Span 20-Ton Morgan 77' Span 2-Ton Louden 19'2" Span 20-Ton Northern 60' Span 10-Ton P&H 48'10 Span NEW 2-Ton P&H 46'4" Span 20-Ton P&H S1'4" Span 10-Ton P&H 60' Span 10-Ton P&H 80’ Span 2-Ton Shep. Nllee 18’ Span 20-Ton P&H 39'6" Span 10-Ton P&H 87*6" Span 2-Ton Shep. Nile« 14’ Span STORAGE TANKS 20-Ton Shaw 76'4" Span 10-Ton Toledo 36' Span 1 m-Ton Cleveland 25' Span 2 0 -T o n S h e p a r d N ile » 4 9 '6 " 75 1,000 - barrel; 42,000 - gallon 10-Ton M anually Operated lW-Ton P&H 22'8" Span S p a n 7 H-Ton Erie 70' Span capacity; 8'1 x 29 0' diameter; 18-Ton Alliance 50' Span 34' S p a n 7 W-Ton P&H 30'6* Span 1-Ton Curti* 24' Span 18-Ton Alliance 35' Span 7 W-Ton Shepard 38' Span 10 gauge bolted steel. ^-Ton “American" 17' 18-Ton Cleveland 53'8" 6-7-Ton Milwaukee 70' S p a n SJpan p a n opanS p a n ' ------TREMENDOUS SAVINGS Take advantage of the ECONOMY service by telephoning to u s Write or wire for collect, which will enable us to discuss your requirements and delivered price. present our suggestions. * , SONKEN-GALAMBA In addition to overhead cranes we can supply all types ot CORPORATION shovels, cranes, draglines, tractors, or practically every­ 108 N. 2nd St., Kansas City, Kans. thing in the equipment field. May we have your inquiries r ECONOMY C O ., Inc. blo w er s- f a n s 49 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York 17, N. Y. EXHAUSTERS Telephones: M Urrayhill 4-2294, 4-2893, 4-2295, 4-2844, 4-2296, 4-8292 “Lungs far Industry”

REBUILT and GUARANTEED HAMMERS, 3-B A 4-B Nazcl M.D; LATHE, Turret 24' Gisholt. 6-1/4' hole. Prompt Shipments from a Large Stock PRESS, Forging 1000 ton United Steam-Hyd. ROLLING MILLS PLANER. O. S. 60' x 60' x 14'. DA11 M.D. All Types — All Makes — All Sixes SHAPER. 36' Morton Draw Cut. And We Really Rebuild 'Em. and EQUIPMENT SHEARS, Alligator 1'—4'. SHEAR. Open End 22' blades 2-1 / 2 ' sq M .D . BLOTTER, 12' Putnam. 35' table. B.D. STRAIGIl'TENEH PLATE 110' x l-l/4' HAJ. General Blower Co. FRANK B. FOSTER STRAIGHTENER. 42' \V-F. 11 roll, 2-0/8 dla. 829 OLIVER BLDG. PITTSBURGH. PA. WEST PENN MACHINERY COMPANY iC iT N CHICAGO. ILL. 1208 House Bldg. Pittsburgh 22, Pa. I t P J D A l 514 H. Dearborn St.. Cobit Address "FOSTER" PiffibwtgN V ® /® / MORTON GROVE, ILL. ^ 8604 Ferris Are. NEW IRON & STEEL PRODUCTS, INC. Headless - Pointless Steel Buyers • Sellers • Traders Plates— Sheets— Bars PINS Structurais— Rails— Wire— Billets 19 G A Steel: 2", 3" and 3-3/4" Ions. Quantity 63,900 lbs. ______"ANYTHING containing IRON or STEEL" Use This Section 41 years experience SONKEN-GALAMBA CORP. 108 N. 2d St. Kansas City, Kans. 13462 S. Brainard flve. • Chicago 33, Illinois

When you have machinery F O R SALE or equipment you want to FOR SALE 1 U. S. Engineering Co. sell—S t e e l o a n help you. F. N. 4 S H E A R For rates, write S t e e l , P e n - 2 — Metal Alligator Shears Capacity 2 3/4" Square with 20 H .P .D .C . Motor ton Bldg., Cleveland. Address Box 335 M;. A. BELL COMPANY STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O. St. L o u is 2 , M o .

189 % ÿ 13, 1946 EQUIPMENT . . . MATERIALS

Will Buy Immediately 200 Tons Gold Rolled Steel .093 ± .004 x 2 l / l 6 ± .0 1 5 x 96n No. 2 Bright Finish. WANTED Rockwell “B” 65-80 Wire or Phone J. B. Wilson FORGING HAMMERS WESTERN CONDENSER CO. Watseka, III. Pacific Coast manufacturer wants to buy one 2000 lb., also one 3500 lb. or 4000 lb. (4000 lb. pre­ ferred), double frame steam forging hammer. Pre­ fer an Erie or Chambersburg. Give full details of conditions and price.

Address Box 539, STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O.

CLASSIFIED Oportunities Oportunities Positions Wanted

EXECUTIVE— WORKS OR PLANT MANAGER. Consulting Management Engineer desires posi­ tion in progressive manufacturing enterpns . Experience in plant layout, job evaluation an wage administration, methods engineering, time- PUBLIC AUCTION study and wage incentives, and supervisory ^ struction in wide variety of industries. Ada1*» Tuesday, May 21st, 10:30 A.M. VALUATION OVER $200,000.00 Box 523, STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, U. Logan Iron & Steel Co. WESTERN LOCATION SOUGHT B Y YOUNG (24) graduate (Lehigh University, 19*42) metal­ Burnham, Pa. (Suburb of Lewistown, Pa.) lurgist. Excellent record in school, both scnoiasn To Be Sold in Parcels to Suit Bidders’ Requirements. and extra-curricular, and for four years as Army This sale is absolute without reservation. Ordnance Officer. Nothing else but charact » Comprising— imagination, willingness to work and Complete—BAR M ILL—to manufacture offer. Address: Box 545, STEEL, Penton »Mg-. STEEL— IRON —BRASS —COPPER—BARS Cleveland 13, O. Rounds— Flats—Squares— Hex & Shapes RESEARCH ENGINEER, SINGLE, COLLEGE Considered one of America’s Best MERCHANTABLE BAR M ILL PLANTS DEGREES. MANY YEARS’ EXPERIENCEEX­ consisting of CELLENT REFERENCES, WANTS POOT1UN I— complete 18" Puddle Mill Barunit I— Rotary-Squcezcr— 125 lb. capacity. AS STRESS ANALYST. ANY LOCATION. AU The Roughing & Finishing Depts. with— Roll Trains— are DRESS BOX 529, STEEL, PENTON BLDU., I— 18"— Bar Mill— with Roughing &. Finishing Stands I— 12"— Bar Mill— with Roughing &. Finishing Stands C LE V E LA N D 13, O. I— I0"x8"— Bar Mill TANDEM with Roughing & Finishing Stands Over 500 Rolls to fit these trains— MECHANICAL ENGINEER, .47, Complete with Live Roller Tables— Hot Cut off Saws twenty years design experience with man . ,u(j_ HEAVY CAST IRON GRILL, HOT BEDS & Cropping Shears. of rolling mill and special machinery, ., e5 This entire plant was closed down during the national steel strike— ready for operation, condition ing ten years as assistan t chief engine considered, modern and excellent. Machine shop lathes, planers, drill presses, shapers, numerous items of Equipment. Tools, Grinders, etc. to obtain similar position. Replv Box 538, RAILROAD— Locomotive Crane & Magnet Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, Q- _ R A IL R O A D — 300.000 lb. Fairbanks Scale RAILROAD Sidings— over 25,000 ft. of Ralls. Engines— Motors— Generators over 3,000 H. P. Employment Service^ 30 Floor Scales, 12 Alligator Shears, Trucks, Tractors, other vehicles— Heavy Shears and Punch Presses— and Forging Hammers. SALARIED POSITIONS 52,500-525,000. THIS 7 Vertical Waste Boilers— 00 to 90 tubes. thoroughly organized confidential J \ ,alion car- Heating Boilers— Pre-heaters, Pumps, Furnaces. Machinery and Equipment of every character and kind used In the manufacture and handling. Loading years’ recognized standing and rep ^ ory, and Shipping of Bar Steel and Iron. ries on preliminary negotiations for ^¡bre technical and executive positions o ¡¡¡¡¿j to Auctioneer: )394 Broadway, N. Y. C. indicated through a procedure inch ‘nrotected Irving E. Schaap ) Tel. CAnal 6-5820 each client’s requirements. Retaining present We solicit—urge—and suggest a personal inspection. by refund provision. Identity covereu and .¿dressaddress position protected. Send •015£<-na'?1?n Dun Bldg-i Write—Wire or Phone—for additional information. for details. R. W. BLXBY, INC., 110 Dun o Buffalo 2. N. Y. /TEEL 19 0 Help Wanted Help Wanted Help Wanted

STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCTION ENGINEER ASSISTANT MANAGER PIPE MAN EXPERIENCED IN PLANT AND ASSEM­ (Drop Forge Shop) BLY LINE LAYOUT, TOOL DESIGN, PRO­ Competent man wanted to take charge Nationally known, successful or­ of our sales division of Stainless Steel DUCTION PLANNING AND CONTROL. Pipe, Tubing and Fittings, must be RAPIDLY EXPANDING INDIANA COR­ ganization wants an experienced thoroughly familiar with all phases PORATION NOW MANUFACTURING forging executive as assistant plant of the business. Old Established Steel PRECISION INSTRUMENTS, ELECTRONIC Warehouse. Carrying complete stock. manager—requirements are for a AND MECHANICAL. OPPORTUNITY TO Apply by letter only stating age, ex­ man of less than 50 years of age perience, salary desired. GROW WITH COMPANY. PERMANENT POSITION. SALARY OPEN. WRITE IN in good health, with full knowledge E. D. GIBERSON & CO., INC. DETAIL GIVING AGE, EDUCATION, of operating steam and board 90 West St. New York 6, N. Y. MARITAL STATUS, PAST EXPERIENCE, hammers and upset forging ma­ SALARY DESIRED, ETC. ALL REPLIES chines. In reply give all particu­ CONFIDENTIAL. BOX 542, STEEL, PEN­ PLANT SUPERINTENDENT WANTED. MUST lars regarding experience, educa­ have proven production record with experience in T O N BLDG., CLEVELA N D 13, O. manufacturing wire goods and products made from strip steel. Opportunity to advance with tion, personal data, and refer­ growing concern. Write outlining experience, qualifications, salary and references. Address ences. Address Box 530, STEEL, Box 528, STEEL. Penton Bide., Cleveland 13, O. SHOT and GRIT SERVICE and SALES Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O. Midwest Shot and Grit mfr. has opening for tech­ nical or practical man who understands all op­ Accounts Wanted erations of cleaning and blasting equipment in connection with uses of Shot and Grit to service consumers and help educate salesmen and Dis­ WANTED BY LARGE INTERNATIONAL CON- tributors. Selling and shop background an asset. struction company, experienced engineer who has Good opportunity. Salary commensurate. Address a thorough knowledge of structural steel and reinforced concrete design and can assume com­ Box 521, S T E E L , Penton, B ldg., Cleveland 13, 0. plete responsibility for design of mill buildings, commercial structures, and large-scale housing projects. Write, giving educational background FACTORY MANAGER WANTED FOR A ME- and past engineering experience. This is a per­ dium sized concern located in Oklahoma City, manent and responsible position, an excellent manufacturing strip and wire products. Must be opportunity for first-class man. Location in the thoroughly capable of taking over complete charge East. Address Box 540, STEEL, Penton Bldg., of plant operation. Give full details, qualifica­ Cleveland 13, O. tions, past experience, salary requirements. Ref­ erences held confidential if requested. Address SUPERVISING WELDING ENGINEER RE- Box 527, STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O. QUIRED BY LARGE SOUTHERN SHIPYARD. SHOULD BE THOROUGHLY FAMILIAR WITH WANTED: DESIGNERS. SPECIAL MACHIN- STRUCTURAL, SHIP AND PIPE WELDING ery and machine tools. Splendid opportunity and DESIGN AND PRACTICE. WRITE, FULLY remuneration for creative ability. Northern Ohio. DETAILING QUALIFICATIONS, SALARY RE­ Address Box 537, STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleve­ QUIREMENTS, ETC. TO BOX 519, STEEL, land 13, O. PENTON BLDG., CLEVELAND 13, O.

Representatives Wanted

e x p o r t representation American mfr. of quality steel cleaning and peening shot and grit wants foreign SPECIAL MANUFACTURERS »rade Big stocks. Ask for literature and •amples. Advise lines now selling, terri­ SAY IT HERE TD INDUSTRY... W 1905 tory covering. Address Box 522, STEEL, on Bldg., Cleveland 13, O. Metal Specialties comprised of STAMPINGS, FORMING, WELDING, If you have facilities to handle SPINNING, MACHINING. All Metal additional work. An advertise­ or Combined with Non-Metal Materials OPPORTUNIT IES ment in this section will tell others Writ* for Polder a n d p r o f i t s of your capacity, etc. Write LARGE SCALE PRODUCTION STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland. OR PARTS AKD DEVELOTOEJJT ONLY of equal interest to distributors and next aCtuJers— 1X50 3X1 a d on this page X . Week to let manufacturers know you g e e d i n g B r o s . mterested in taking on new lines. SETHIROVINFST. • ClHaMIATI ?, O H IO ADVERTISING INDEX

General Steel Warehouse Co., Inc...... I l l Pawtucket Manufacturing Co...... 181 Gerding Bros...... 191 Peninsular Grinding Wheel Co., The . . .46# 47 Abrasive Products# Inc...... 142 Gisholt Machine Co...... 23 Penn Brass & Copper Co...... 177 Alabama Power Co...... 85 Goodrich# B. F.# Co., T h e ...... 154 Pennsylvania Flexible Metallic Tubing Co. .. 30 Alemite Division Stewart-Wamer Corp. . . . 123 Graton & Knight Co...... 42 Penolo# Inc...... 150 Allied Products Corp...... 182 Phoenix Manufacturing Co...... 183 Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co...... 6, 8, 9 H Pittsburgh Coke & Chemical Co...... 148 American Agile Corporation ...... 146 Pittsburgh Commercial Heat Treating Co. .. 186 American Brake Shoe Co.# National Bearing Handy & Harman ...... 139 Pittsburgh Crushed Steel Co...... 186 Division ...... 31 Hanna Furnace Corporation, The ...... 25 Pittsburgh Lectromelt Furnace Corp...... 117 American Cable Division# American Chain & Hansen Manufacturing Co...... 13 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co.# Paint Division .. 51 Cable ...... 49 Harbison-Walker Refractories C o...... 16 Porter# H. K.# Co., Inc...... 108 American Chain & Cable, American Cable Di­ Harnischfeger Corporation ...... 185 Preformed Wire Rope Information Bureau . . 49 vision ...... 49 Hindley Mfg. Co...... 186 Pressed Steel Car Co.# Inc...... 41 American Chain & Cable, Page Steel & Wire Hobart Brothers Co...... 186 Division ...... 158 Holcroft & Co...... 147 American Chemical Paint C o...... 152 Horsburgh & Scott Co., T h e ...... 134 American Foundry Equipment Co...... 141 Hubbard# M. D., Spring Co...... 184 Rail & Industrial Equipment Co...... 188 American Hot Dip Galvanizers Association# Hughes-Keencm Co.# The ...... 140 Reading Chain & Block Corp...... 146 Inc. ' ...... 40 Hydraulic Machinery# Inc...... 77 Ready-Power Co.# The ...... 186 American Petrometal Corp...... 187 Rockford Machine Tool Co...... 137 American Rolling Mill Co.# The...... 83 I Roebling's, John A.# Sons C o...... 14, 15 Arms-Franklin Corp., The ...... 11 Rollway Bearing Co.# Inc...... 10 Atlas Drop Forge Co...... 186 Industrial Brownhoist Corp...... 182 Ryerson# Joseph T., & Son, Inc...... 57 Avondale Marine Ways# Inc...... 151 Industrial Gear Mfg. Co...... 184 Inland Steel Co...... 171 B International Nickel Co.# Inc.# The ...... 36 Iron & Steel Products# Inc...... 189 Salem Engineering Co...... 26 Belmont Iron Works ...... 187 Irwin Manufacturing Co., Inc...... 187 Sciaky Bros...... 12 Bethlehem Steel Co...... 1 Shuster, F. B., Mfg. Co., Inc., T h e ...... 179 Bissett Steel Co., The ...... 178 J Silent Hoist & Crane Co...... 144 Bixby# R. W.# Inc...... 190 Simonds Gear & Mfg. Co.# The ...... 187 Blaw-Knox Division of Blaw-Knox Co ...... 173 Jackson Iron & Steel Co., The ...... 187 Sonken-Galamba Corp 188, 189 Jessop Steel Co...... 7 Brasco Manufacturing Co...... 175 Sperry Products# Inc...... 185 Johnson Ga* Appliance Co...... 132 Bridgeport Brass Co 125# 126 Steelweld Division# The Cleveland Crane & Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp 107, 130, 131 Bryant Chucking Grinder Co...... 69 Engineering Co...... 188 Buffalo Forge C o...... 17 Struthers Wells Corporation ...... 48 K Bundy TubingCo...... 105 Stuart# D. A.# Oil Co...... 188 Kester Solder Co...... 183 Sullivan Industries# Inc...... 87 Kinnear Mfg. Co., The ...... 152 Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp...... 20, 21 Carpenter Steel Co.# The ...... 99 L Tennessee Coal# Iron & Railroad Co...... 20, 21 Cattie# Joseph P., & Bros., Inc...... 186 Lamson & Sessions Co.# The...... 19 Timken Roller Bearing Co.# The, Steel & Tube 101 Cincinnati Shaper Co., The ...... 2 Lehmann Machine Co...... 182 Division ...... Cleveland Crane & Engineering Co., The . . . 133 Link-Belt Co...... 119 U Cleveland Metal Abrasive Co., The ...... 181 Lisbon Hoist & Crane Co...... 176 Cold Metal Products Co.# The ...... 103 Logan Engineering Co...... 143 Union Chain & Manufacturing Co The 54 Columbia Steel Co...... 20, 21, 28, 29 18 Logemann Brothers Co...... 167 Union Pacific Railroad ...... United States Graphite Co., The ...... 135 Me United States Steel Corp., Subsidiaries . •. • 20# 21, 28# 29, 50 Darwin & Milner, Inc...... 187 McGill Manufacturing Co.# Inc...... 27 United States Steel Export Co. ...20# 21# 28, 29 Detroit-Leland Hotel ...... 144 McKay Machine Co., The ...... Back Cover 50 United States Steel Supply Co...... Diamond Mfg. Co...... 187 113 Universal Castings Corp...... Differential Steel Car Co...... 185 M 185 DoAII Co.# The ...... 185 U. S. Automatic Corp...... Dulien Steel Products# Inc...... 188 Midwest Steel Corp...... 188 Molybdenum Corporation of America ...... 52 145 Morse Chain Co...... 44 Vaughn Machinery Co.# The 32 Veeder-Root# Inc...... Eastman Kodak Co...... 129 N Easton Car & Construction Co...... 3 W Economy Co...... 189 National Bearing Division, American Brake 184 Waldron, John# Corp...... Electric Controller & Mfg. Co.# The ...... Shoe Co...... 31 45 Inside Front Cover National Fireproofing Corp...... 186 War Assets Administration ...... 24 W ard Leonard Electric Co. . . Electro Refractories & Alloys Corp...... 153 National Steel Corporation...... 25# 33 33 Weirton Steel Co...... Elwell-Parker Electric Co.# The ...... 34 National Tube Co...... 28, 29 5 Wellman Engineering Co., The Erie Steel Construction Co...... 148 New Departure# Division of General Motors 189 West Penn Machinery C o...... Front Cover 185 Wheeling Steel Corporation 186 O Whitehead Stamping Co...... 43 Fafnir Bearing Co.# The ...... 74 Worcester Pressed Steel Co...... Oakite Products, Inc...... 174 170 Farval Corporation, The ...Inside Back Cover Wrigley, Wm.# Jr. Co...... Foster# Frank B...... 189 Ohio Crankshaft Co.# The ...... 120 Foster# L. B.# Co...... 188 Ohio Locomotive Crane Co., The ...... 186 Fuller Brush Co., T h e ...... 179 Ottumwa Iron Works ...... 155 22 Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., The . P r m j r * r * General Blower Co...... 189 Page Steel & Wire Division, American Chain General... Electric.Co. w . . ¿ . 38# 39 • & Cable ...... 158 Table of Contents, Page 53 General Engineering & Mfg. Co...... 172 Parish Pressed Steel Co...... 58 Classified Advertisers, Pages 188, 189, 1

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