Squamata, Scincidae) from Pakistan
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On Elevation-Related Shifts of Spring Activity in Male Vipers of the Genera
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Herpetozoa Jahr/Year: 2019 Band/Volume: 31_3_4 Autor(en)/Author(s): Stümpel Nikolaus, Zinenko Oleksander, Mebert Konrad Artikel/Article: on elevation-related shifts of spring activity in male vipers of the genera Montivipera and Macrovipera in Turkey and Cyprus 125-132 StuempelZinenkoMebert_Spring_activity_Montivipera-Macrovipera:HERPETOZOA.qxd 12.02.2019 15:04 Seite 1 HERPEToZoA 31 (3/4): 125 - 132 125 Wien, 28. Februar 2019 on elevation-related shifts of spring activity in male vipers of the genera Montivipera and Macrovipera in Turkey and Cyprus (squamata: serpentes: Viperidae) Zur höhenabhängigen Frühjahrsaktivität männlicher Vipern der Gattungen Montivipera und Macrovipera in der Türkei und Zypern (squamata: serpentes: Viperidae) NikolAus sTüMPEl & o lEksANdR ZiNENko & k oNRAd MEbERT kuRZFAssuNG der zeitliche Ablauf von lebenszyklen wechselwarmer Wirbeltiere wird in hohem Maße vom Temperaturregime des lebensraumes bestimmt. in Gebirgen sinkt die umgebungstemperatur mit zunehmender Höhenlage. deshalb liegt es nahe, anzunehmen, daß die Höhenlage den Zeitpunkt des beginns der Frühjahres - aktivität von Vipern beeinflußt. um diesen Zusammenhang zu untersuchen, haben die Autoren im Zeitraum von 2004 bis 2015 in der Türkei und auf Zypern den beginn der Frühjahrshäutung bei männlichen Vipern der Gattun - gen Montivipera und Macrovipera zwischen Meereshöhe und 2300 m ü. M. untersucht. sexuell aktive Männchen durchlaufen nach der Winterruhe und vor der Paarung eine obligatorische Frühjahrshäutung. im Häutungsprozeß werden äußerlich klar differenzierbare stadien durchschritten, von denen die Eintrübung des Auges besonders auffällig und kurzzeitig ist. dieses stadium ist daher prädestiniert, um den nachwinterlichen Aktivitätsbeginn zwischen Populationen unterschiedlicher Höhenlagen miteinander zu verglei - chen. -
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Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics (IJAB) Vol.12, No.2, 225-237, 2016 ISSN: 1735-434X (print); 2423-4222 (online) DOI: 10.22067/ijab.v12i2.47546 Systematics of the genera Eumeces Wiegmann, 1834 and Eurylepis Blyth 1854 (Sauria: Scincidae) in Iran: A review Faizi, H. a*, Rastegar-Pouyani, N. a, Rastegar-Pouyani, N. b and Heidari, N. c a Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, 6714967346 Kermanshah, Iran. b Department of Biology, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar- Iran. c Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Iran. (Received: 14 June 2015 ; Accepted: 15 July 2016 ) There are several papers related to the split of the genus Eumeces sensu lato into four distinct genera ( Eumeces sensu stricto Wiegmann, 1834; Plestiodon Duméril & Bibron, 1839; Mesoscincus Griffith, Ngo & Murphy, 2000 and Eurylepis Blyth, 1854). From these, three important ones stand out. The genus has undergone extensive taxonomic changes. There was an initial morphologcial split which identified the correct four groups but failed to get the correct nomenclatures. These errors were later corrected. In a chronological order, Novoeumeces suggested as a new name for the schneiderii group and subsequently re- changed to the genus Eumeces sensu stricto. North American-clade is now considered as Plestiodon . The name Eumeces (sensu stricto) was retained for the group close to the type species ( Eumeces pavimentatus ) which is part of the African-Central Asian clade. There are now only five species of Eumeces left. The others (old Eumeces ) are now found in Eurylepis (2 species), Mesoscincus (3 species) and Plestiodon (47 species). A detailed story of these changes plus a brief comparison of current four genera based on mentioned morphological characters in the literatures are discussed in this paper. -
'Macrovipera Lebetina' Venom Cytotoxicity in Kidney Cell Line HEK
ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL of MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY APJMT 5;2 http://apjmt.mums.ac.ir June 2016 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Evaluation of Iranian snake ‘Macrovipera lebetina’ venom cytotoxicity in kidney cell line HEK-293 HOURIEH ESMAEILI JAHROMI1, ABBAS ZARE MIRAKABADI2, MORTEZA KAMALZADEH3 1 Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran. 2 Department of Venomous Animals and Anti venom Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. 3 Department of Quality control, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. Abstract Background: Envenomation by Macrovipera lebetina (M. lebetina) is characterized by prominent local tissue damage, hemorrhage, abnormalities in the blood coagulation system, necrosis, and edema. However, the main cause of death after a bite by M. lebetina has been attributed to acute renal failure (ARF). It is unclear whether the venom components have a direct or indirect action in causing ARF. To investigate this point, we looked at the in vitro effect of M. lebetina crude venom, using cultured human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) mono layers as a model. Methods: The effect of M. lebetina snake venom on HEK - 293 growth inhibition was determined by the MTT assay and the neutral red uptake assay. The integrity of the cell membrane through LDH release was measured with the Cytotoxicity Detection Kit. Morphological changes in HEK-293 cells were also evaluated using an inverted microscope. Results: In the MTT assay, crude venom showed a significant cytotoxic effect on HEK-293 cells at 24 hours of exposure and was confirmed by the neutral red assay. -
Genetic Evidence for Occurrence of Macrovipera Razii (Squamata, Viperidae) in the Central Zagros Region, Iran
Herpetozoa 33: 27–30 (2020) DOI 10.3897/herpetozoa.33.e51186 Genetic evidence for occurrence of Macrovipera razii (Squamata, Viperidae) in the central Zagros region, Iran Hamzeh Oraie1,2 1 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran 2 Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biotechnology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran http://zoobank.org/955A477F-7833-4D2A-8089-E4B4D48B0E31 Corresponding author: Hamzeh Oraie ([email protected]) Academic editor: Peter Mikulíček ♦ Received 16 February 2020 ♦ Accepted 17 March 2020 ♦ Published 9 April 2020 Abstract This study presents the first molecular evidence ofMacrovipera razii from central Zagros, more than 300 km north-west of its prior records in southern Iran. Molecular analyses based on mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences identified the individuals from central Zagros as a lineage of M. razii. Specimens from the new localities are separated by a genetic distance of 1.46% from the known populations of M. razii. The results extend the known distribution range of M. razii as an endemic species of Iran. Key Words Iran, Macrovipera, mtDNA, new record, Ra zi’s Viper, taxonomy, Viperidae Central Zagros is a mainly mountainous region in the Macrovipera razii, described by Oraie et al. (2018) based Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province and surrounding on a holotype collected at 105 km on the road from Jiroft areas of Iran. Its climatic conditions and topographic in- to Bam near Bab-Gorgi village and Valley, Kerman tricacy contribute to unique ecological conditions and a Province. The known distribution range of M. razii is significant level of biodiversity. Several endemic species reported as the central and southern parts of Iran (Oraie et of the Iranian herpetofauna are restricted to this region al. -
Amphibian and Reptilian Biodiversty of Ararat Mountain and Near Environment
’ Ğ ğıİÇçÜıı AMPHIBIAN AND REPTILIAN BIODIVERSTY OF ARARAT MOUNTAIN AND NEAR ENVIRONMENT Mehmet Zülfü YILDIZ* Naşit İĞCİ** Bahadır AKMAN*** Bayram GÖÇMEN**** ABSTRACT n this study, it is aimed to determine Amphibian and Reptilian species of Ararat Mountain and near Environment, threats to species and precautions to be taken against these factors. IFor these purposes, total of 18 days herpetological trips carried out in Ararat Mountain between 2011-2017. As a result of the trips and literature searches, 4 Anuran (Bufotes variabilis, Pelophylax ridibundus, Hyla savignyi, Pelobates syriacus), 2 Chelonian species (Mauremys caspica, Testudo graeca) 10 lizard species (Paralaudakia caucasia, Phrynocephalus horvathi, Heremites auratus, Eumeces schneiderii, Eremias strauchi, Eremias pleskei, Darevskia valentini, Lacerta strigata, Ophisops elegans, Pseudopus apodus) and 13 snake species (Xertoyphlops vermicularis, Dolichophis schmidti, Eirenis collaris, Hemorrhois ravergieri, Natrix natrix, N. tessellata, Platyceps najadum, Zamenis hohenackeri, Z. longissimus, Eryx jaculus, Malpolon insignitus, Macrovipera lebetina, Montivipera raddei) a total of 4 amphibians and 25 reptilian species belonging to 14 families were determined in Ararat Mountain. The observed specimens were released to their natural habitats after their photos were taken, not to damage the populations. According to IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) determined species listed as follows: 2 species were Critically Endangered (CR), 1 species was Vulnerable (VU), 2 species were Near Threatened (NT), 1 species was Data Deficient (DD), 16 species were Least Concern (LC), 8 not evaluated. Just only, two species were protected under CITES Convention, and 9 species were also strictly protected (Appendix II) and the rest of the species were protected with BERN Convention. In addition, the Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs protect all reptile species but not Amphibians. -
Systematics and Phylogeography of the Widely Distributed African Skink Trachylepis Varia Species Complex
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321703844 Systematics and phylogeography of the widely distributed African skink Trachylepis varia species complex Article in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution · December 2017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.11.014 CITATIONS READS 14 709 2 authors: Jeffrey Weinell A. M. Bauer University of Kansas Villanova University 17 PUBLICATIONS 91 CITATIONS 680 PUBLICATIONS 12,217 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Reptile Database View project Journal of Animal Diversity (ISSN: 2676-685X; http://jad.lu.ac.ir) View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jeffrey Weinell on 15 December 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 120 (2018) 103–117 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Systematics and phylogeography of the widely distributed African skink T Trachylepis varia species complex ⁎ Jeffrey L. Weinell , Aaron M. Bauer Department of Biology, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: A systematic study of the Trachylepis varia complex was conducted using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA Africa markers for individuals sampled across the species range. The taxonomic history of T. varia has been complicated Lygosominae and its broad geographic distribution and considerable phenotypic variation has made taxonomic revision dif- Phylogenetics ficult, leading earlier taxonomists to suggest that T. varia is a species complex. We used maximum likelihood and Phylogeography Bayesian inference to estimate gene trees and a multilocus time-tree, respectively, and we used these trees to Trachylepis damarana identify the major clades (putative species) within T. -
Arrival and Diversification of Mabuyine Skinks (Squamata: Scincidae) in the Neotropics Based on a Fossil-Calibrated Timetree
Arrival and diversification of mabuyine skinks (Squamata: Scincidae) in the Neotropics based on a fossil-calibrated timetree Anieli Guirro Pereira and Carlos G. Schrago Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ABSTRACT Background. The evolution of South American Mabuyinae skinks holds significant biogeographic interest because its sister lineage is distributed across the African continent and adjacent islands. Moreover, at least one insular species, Trachylepis atlantica, has independently reached the New World through transoceanic dispersal. To clarify the evolutionary history of both Neotropical lineages, this study aimed to infer an updated timescale using the largest species and gene sampling dataset ever assembled for this group. By extending the analysis to the Scincidae family, we could employ fossil information to estimate mabuyinae divergence times and carried out a formal statistical biogeography analysis. To unveil macroevolutionary patterns, we also inferred diversification rates for this lineage and evaluated whether the colonization of South American continent significantly altered the mode of Mabuyinae evolution. Methods. A time-calibrated phylogeny was inferred under the Bayesian framework employing fossil information. This timetree was used to (i) evaluate the historical biogeography of mabuiyines using the statistical approach implemented in Bio- GeoBEARS; (ii) estimate macroevolutionary diversification rates of the South American Mabuyinae lineages and the patterns of evolution of selected traits, namely, the mode of reproduction, body mass and snout–vent length; (iii) test the hypothesis of differential macroevolutionary patterns in South American lineages in BAMM and GeoSSE; and Submitted 21 November 2016 (iv) re-evaluate the ancestral state of the mode of reproduction of mabuyines. -
Biodiversity Profile of Afghanistan
NEPA Biodiversity Profile of Afghanistan An Output of the National Capacity Needs Self-Assessment for Global Environment Management (NCSA) for Afghanistan June 2008 United Nations Environment Programme Post-Conflict and Disaster Management Branch First published in Kabul in 2008 by the United Nations Environment Programme. Copyright © 2008, United Nations Environment Programme. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. United Nations Environment Programme Darulaman Kabul, Afghanistan Tel: +93 (0)799 382 571 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.unep.org DISCLAIMER The contents of this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of UNEP, or contributory organizations. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP or contributory organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authority, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Unless otherwise credited, all the photos in this publication have been taken by the UNEP staff. Design and Layout: Rachel Dolores -
A New Species of Microgecko Nikolsky, 1907 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Pakistan
Zootaxa 4780 (1): 147–164 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4780.1.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A69A3CE2-8FA9-4F46-B1FC-7AD64E28EBF8 A new species of Microgecko Nikolsky, 1907 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Pakistan RAFAQAT MASROOR1,2,*, MUHAMMAD KHISROON2, MUAZZAM ALI KHAN3 & DANIEL JABLONSKI4 1Zoological Sciences Division, Pakistan Museum of Natural History, Garden Avenue, Shakarparian, Islamabad-44000, Pakistan �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6248-546X 2Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0495-4173 3Department of Zoology, PMAS-UAAR, Rawalpindi, Pakistan �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1980-0916 4Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia � [email protected]; [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5394-0114 *Corresponding author Abstract Members of the dwarf geckos of the genus Microgecko Nikolsky, 1907 are distributed from western Iran to northwestern India, with seven currently recognized species. Three taxa have been reported from Pakistan, M. depressus, M. persicus persicus and M. p. euphorbiacola. The former is the only endemic species restricted to Pakistan. Herein, we describe a new species, Microgecko tanishpaensis sp. nov., on the basis of four specimens collected from the remote area of the Toba Kakar Range in northwestern Balochistan. The type locality lies in an isolated valley in mountainous terrain known for the occurrence of other endemic reptile species, including geckos. -
Reproductionreview
REPRODUCTIONREVIEW The evolution of viviparity: molecular and genomic data from squamate reptiles advance understanding of live birth in amniotes James U Van Dyke, Matthew C Brandley and Michael B Thompson School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, A08 Heydon-Laurence Building, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia Correspondence should be addressed to J U Van Dyke; Email: [email protected] Abstract Squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) are an ideal model system for testing hypotheses regarding the evolution of viviparity (live birth) in amniote vertebrates. Viviparity has evolved over 100 times in squamates, resulting in major changes in reproductive physiology. At a minimum, all viviparous squamates exhibit placentae formed by the appositions of maternal and embryonic tissues, which are homologous in origin with the tissues that form the placenta in therian mammals. These placentae facilitate adhesion of the conceptus to the uterus as well as exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, sodium, and calcium. However, most viviparous squamates continue to rely on yolk for nearly all of their organic nutrition. In contrast, some species, which rely on the placenta for at least a portion of organic nutrition, exhibit complex placental specializations associated with the transport of amino acids and fatty acids. Some viviparous squamates also exhibit reduced immunocompetence during pregnancy, which could be the result of immunosuppression to protect developing embryos. Recent molecular studies using both candidate-gene and next-generation sequencing approaches have suggested that at least some of the genes and gene families underlying these phenomena play similar roles in the uterus and placenta of viviparous mammals and squamates. -
Lined Supple Skink
#193 REPTILE RAP 21 March 2019 LINED SUPPLE SKINK Notes on Lygosoma lineata from Rajkot City, Gujarat, India Lined Supple Skink from Rajkot City in Gujarat Reptiles are represented by 10,793 species worldwide (Uetz et al. 2018) of which 518 are found in India (Aengals et al. 2011). Of these 202 are lizards, apart from 75 species of IUCN Red List: Least Concern Scincidae (Uetz et al. 2018). From Gujarat state 12 species of (Srinivasulu & Scincidae are reported (Table 1). Srinivasulu 2013) Lined Supple Skink Lygosoma lineata was described Reptilia by Gray in 1839 as Chiamela lineata and later allocated to the [Class of Reptiles] genus Lygosoma Gray, 1828 by Boulenger in 1887 (Smith 1935) Squamata and assessed as Least Concern. This lizard can be found in [Order of scaled reptiles] a variety of habitats including hilly areas, coastal forests, mix Scincidae deciduous forest, grassland patches, scrublands, agriculture [Family of skinks] fields, gardens, and among large boulders (Srinivasulu & Lygosoma lineata Srinivasulu 2013; Vyas 2014). This animal actively forages near [Lined Supple Skink] termite mounds during cooler parts of the day. This lizard mostly Species described by shelters itself beneath rocks, woody material, or within leaf litter Gray in 1839 (Srinivasulu & Srinivasulu 2013). Lined Supple Skink is endemic to India. The species is distributed in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Zoo’s Print Vol. 34 | No. 3 15 #193 REPTILE RAP 21 March 2019 Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, and West Bengal in India (Vyas 2014). In Gujarat, this species was recorded from Rajkot, Velavader, Bhavnager, Kalali, Kevadia, Samot, Ambli, Grimal, Naomiboha (Vyas 2014), and Girnar WS (Srinivasulu & Srinivasulu 2013). -
Russian Journal of Herpetology
Volume 1, Number 1, January 1994 Russian Journal of Herpetology TOBUSHING COMPANY 1 rOLIUM Folium Publishing Co., Moscow, Russia Russian Journal of Herpetology Vol 1, No. 1, 1994, pp. 42 — 52 SOME ASPECTS OF HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ASIAN ROCK AGAMIDS N. B. Anan’eva1 and B. S. Tuniev2 Oi igiiial article submitted October 21,1993 The genesis of areals of Asian rock agamids belonging to the genus Laudakia Gray, 1845 is considered. The hypothesis about two routes of radiation of these lizards endemic for arid mountain regions of Palearctic is offered. The touthefn route from the hypothetical center of origin in the area of mountain systems of Hindukush and Himalayas passed in the conditions of southern subtropics with well developed belt of sclerophilous forests. This evolutional line with “caucasia” complex remains the relic areas in forest regions. Northern group of species with “himalayam” complex had its speciation in northern subtropic area with more severe climatic situation determined by strong continental and arid conditions. Altitudinal and biotopic differences of Laudakia species under their sympatiic distribution are specially discussed. Key words: Reptilia, Sauna Agamidae, Laudakia, Palearctic Asia, systematics, biogeography, distribu tion, evolution The Asian rock agamids of the genus Laudakia phylogenetic scheme is impeded by the difficulty ob Gray, 1845 includes 16 species distributed in moun taining material for genetic analysis for several groups tain rock landscapes of arid zone from Greece and of species and by the obvious existence of parallel Nile river delta on the west through Middle East and trends in different developmental lines within Central Asia to Gobi Altai on the north-east and Laudakia genus.