DOCSLIB.ORG

3. Background and Regional Setting1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
3. Background and Regional Setting1 Taylor, B., Huchon, P., Klaus, A., et al., 1999 Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports Volume 180 3. BACKGROUND AND REGIONAL SETTING1 Brian Taylor2 THEMATIC INTRODUCTION The processes by which continental lithosphere accommodates strain during rifting and the initiation of seafloor spreading are pres- ently known primarily from the study of either (1) passive margins bor- dering rifted continents where extensional tectonics have long ceased and evidence for active tectonic processes must be reconstructed from a record that is deeply buried in post-rift sediments and thermally equili- brated or (2) regions of intracontinental extension, such as East Africa, the U.S. Basin and Range, and the Aegean, where extension has occurred recently by comparison to most passive margin examples, but has not proceeded to the point of continental breakup. One particularly controversial conjecture from these studies is that the larger normal detachment faults dip at low angles and accommo- date very large amounts of strain through simple shear of the entire lithosphere. The role of low-angle normal detachment faults has been contested strongly, both on observational and theoretical grounds. It has been suggested that intracontinental detachments have been misin- terpreted and actually formed by rollover of originally high-angle fea- tures, or that they occur at the brittle/ductile boundary in a pure shear system. Theoretically, it has been shown that normal faulting on detachment surfaces would require that the fault be extremely weak— almost frictionless—to allow horizontal stresses to cause failure on low- angle planes. The growing evidence for a weak fault and strong crust associated with motion on the San Andreas transform fault supports the 1Examples of how to reference the weak normal detachment fault model, and models in which low-angle whole or part of this volume. 2School of Ocean and Earth Science detachment faulting is an essential mechanism of large-scale strain and Technology, University of Hawaii accommodation abound in the literature. at Manoa, 2525 Correa Road, Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which friction might be effectively Honolulu, HI 96822-2285, U.S.A. reduced on low-angle normal fault surfaces are not understood. One [email protected] possibility is that active shearing in the fault zone creates a strong per- Ms 180IR-103 B. TAYLOR CHAPTER 3, BACKGROUND AND REGIONAL SETTING 2 meability contrast with the surrounding crust (by opening cracks more quickly than precipitation can heal them), allowing pore-pressure dis- tributions that are high and near to the fault-normal compressive stress within the fault zone, but decrease with distance into the adjacent crust (Rice, 1992; Axen, 1992). Others have suggested that fluid-rock reac- tions form phyllosilicates in the fault zone that are particularly weak because of their well-developed fabrics (Wintsch et al., 1995). Alterna- tively, principal-stress orientations may be rotated into configurations consistent with low-angle faulting, although it has not been demon- strated that the magnitudes of reoriented stresses are sufficient to ini- tiate and promote such slip (Wills and Buck, 1997). Testing for such fault-proximal high permeability and pore pressures, for the presence of weak phyllosilicates, and/or for local rotation of stress axes, requires drilling into an active system. This would also allow determination of the properties of the fault rock at depth (do they exhibit reduced fric- tional strength at higher slip velocities, consistent with unstable sliding and observed earthquakes?), as well as studies of the mechanisms by which fluid-rock reactions affect deformation (constitutive response, frictional stability, long-term fault strength; see Hickman et al., 1993, and Barton et al., 1995, for extensive discussion of the mechanical involvement of fluids in faulting, and Wernicke, 1995, for a review of low-angle normal faulting). A primary objective of Leg 180 was to drill into and characterize an active low-angle normal fault—the extreme example of the low-stress fault paradox. Such a fault, dipping 25°–30°, has been imaged north of Moresby Seamount where seafloor spreading in the western Woodlark Basin is breaking into the continental lithosphere of Papua New Guinea (see Fig. F1; also “Introduction,” p. 1, in the “Leg 180 Summary” chap- F1. Physiographic features and ter). plate boundaries of the Woodlark The western Woodlark Basin is arguably the best characterized region Basin region, p. 13. 148˚E 150˚E 152˚E 154˚E 156˚E 158˚E 160˚E of active continental breakup. The proximity of a seismogenic low- 6˚S 6˚S SOLOMON ISLANDS SOLOMON SEA angle normal fault that has been imaged by seismic reflection data and NEW GEORGIA GROUP TROBRIAND TROUGH 8˚S 8˚S L TR WOODLARK zero-offset conjugate margins that are about to be penetrated by sea- PAPUAN PENINSULA N-1 ST G-1 RISE W G E F MS floor spreading is unique. This region affords the possibility to defini- GB 10˚S N MT 10˚S MH MB M PAPUAN tively tie together the sedimentology, magmatism, and structures of R RISE PLATEAU POCKLINGTON T LOUISIADE PLATEAU POCKLINGTON TROUGH 12˚S Spreading Center 12˚S FZ, Transform, Pseudofault CORAL SEA (incipient) conjugate margins before they are separated and buried by a Subduction Zone -9 -6 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3.5 Continent/Ocean Boundary Bathymetry and Topography (km) subsequent history of seafloor spreading and sedimentation. Determin- 148˚E 150˚E 152˚E 154˚E 156˚E 158˚E 160˚E ing these parameters was a second objective of Leg 180 with the intent to use them as local ground truth to be input into regional models for the timing and amount of extension prior to spreading initiation. A precruise description of the region is provided below. REGIONAL SETTING Research Programs in the Woodlark Basin and Papuan Peninsula Several research programs in the last decade have significantly improved our understanding of the regional geological and geophysical setting of rifting into the Papuan Peninsula: 1. Sidescan and underway geophysical surveys have provided bathymetry, acoustic imagery, magnetization, and gravity maps, and allowed detailed reconstructions of the spreading history (Taylor et al., 1995, 1996, in press; Goodliffe et al., 1997; “Geo- B. TAYLOR CHAPTER 3, BACKGROUND AND REGIONAL SETTING 3 physical Data and Processing,” p. 2, in the “Data Report: Ma- rine Geophysical Surveys of the Woodlark Basin Region” chapter; Goodliffe, 1998). 2. Multichannel seismic reflection surveys reveal the upper crustal architecture of the rifting region, including the presence of low- angle normal faults (see Fig. F4, p. 35, in the “Leg 180 Summary” chapter; Mutter et al., 1996; Taylor et al., 1996, in press; Abers et al., 1997; “Morphology and Seismicity,” p. 4, in the “Data Re- port: Marine Geophysical Surveys of the Woodlark Basin Region” chapter). 3. The PACLARK and SUPACLARK series of cruises in 1986–1991 (Binns et al., 1987, 1989, 1990; Lisitsin et al., 1991; Benes et al., 1994) included dredging, coring, camera and video observa- tions, and seven Mir submersible dives. The bottom samples in- clude Normal Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt (N-MORB) from the youngest spreading segments, as well as greenschist facies meta- morphics from the lower north flank of Moresby Seamount. In contrast, a 1995 site survey dredged late Pliocene (synrift) sedi- mentary rocks from the upper south flank of Moresby Seamount (Taylor et al., 1996). Their presence is not compatible with exhu- mation of lower crust in the Pliocene–Pleistocene to form Moresby Seamount as a synrift metamorphic core complex. 4. Abers (1991) and Abers et al. (1997) determined source parame- ters and relocated earthquakes in the rifting region. The focal mechanisms are all extensional or strike slip with northerly ten- sion axes (see Fig. F2, p. 33, in the “Leg 180 Summary” chapter). Several are consistent with slip on shallow-dipping normal faults. 5. Studies of metamorphic core complexes on the Papuan Peninsula and D’Entrecasteaux and Misima Islands show that (a) they are as- sociated with Pliocene–Pleistocene granodiorite intrusions and amphibolite-facies ductile shear zones; (b) some have been rapidly exhumed from ~30 km depth (7–11 kilobar [kb]) in the last 4 m.y., whereas others were uplifted to near the surface by the early Mi- ocene; (c) uplift continues (forming topography up to 2.5 km); and (d) they are very three dimensional and regionally discontin- uous (or varying in grade) along strike (Davies and Warren, 1988, 1992; Hill, 1987, 1990, 1994, 1995; Hill et al., 1992, 1995; Hill and Baldwin, 1993; Baldwin et al., 1993; Lister and Baldwin, 1993; Baldwin and Ireland, 1995). 6. The Papuan Ultramafic Belt is a late Paleocene to early Eocene suprasubduction zone ophiolite with gabbros and boninites 40Ar/39Ar dated at 59 Ma (R. Duncan, pers. comm., 1993; Walker and McDougall, 1982), P4 (late Paleocene) foraminifer-bearing micrites overlying the basalts, with tonalite-diorite-dacite intru- sions K/Ar dated at 57–47 Ma (Rogerson et al., 1993). This revi- sion to dating of the Papuan Peninsula basement (Fig. F2) allows F2. Regional geology of eastern a simplified geological evolution for the region, as outlined be- Papua, p. 14. 145° 146° 147° 148° 149° 150° 151° 152° low. 6° 7° Papuan Crustal Evolution 8° OWEN Trobriand Is. Lusancay Is. STANLEY Cape Killerton Paleogene Subduction and Collision 9° E Regional Geology RANGE I2B 1 Paleocene ultramafics 2 and 3 Paleocene gabbro and basalt 4A and 4B Jurassic and/or Cretaceous metasediment S CAPE and metabasalt D VOGEL 5A and 5B Cretaceous-Eocene sediment, metasediment and basalt 12B GOODENOUGH 10° 12A BAY 6 Eocene tonalite 7A and 7B Eocene sediments and volcanics 8 Eocene and Oligocene ?gabbro 9 Oligocene volcanics MILNE BAY Much of the Papuan Peninsula is 1–3 km above sea level and is 10A and 10B Miocene sediments and volcanics Mullins 11 Intrusive rocks, mostly Miocene-Pliocene Harbour 12A and 12B Pliocene-Quaternary sediments and volcanics 0 25 50 100 150 200 250 km underlain by a crust 25–50 km thick (Finlayson et al., 1976).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Agricultural Systems of Papua New Guinea Working Paper No
    AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA Working Paper No. 6 MILNE BAY PROVINCE TEXT SUMMARIES, MAPS, CODE LISTS AND VILLAGE IDENTIFICATION R.L. Hide, R.M. Bourke, B.J. Allen, T. Betitis, D. Fritsch, R. Grau, L. Kurika, E. Lowes, D.K. Mitchell, S.S. Rangai, M. Sakiasi, G. Sem and B. Suma Department of Human Geography, The Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia REVISED and REPRINTED 2002 Correct Citation: Hide, R.L., Bourke, R.M., Allen, B.J., Betitis, T., Fritsch, D., Grau, R., Kurika, L., Lowes, E., Mitchell, D.K., Rangai, S.S., Sakiasi, M., Sem, G. and Suma,B. (2002). Milne Bay Province: Text Summaries, Maps, Code Lists and Village Identification. Agricultural Systems of Papua New Guinea Working Paper No. 6. Land Management Group, Department of Human Geography, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra. Revised edition. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Entry: Milne Bay Province: text summaries, maps, code lists and village identification. Rev. ed. ISBN 0 9579381 6 0 1. Agricultural systems – Papua New Guinea – Milne Bay Province. 2. Agricultural geography – Papua New Guinea – Milne Bay Province. 3. Agricultural mapping – Papua New Guinea – Milne Bay Province. I. Hide, Robin Lamond. II. Australian National University. Land Management Group. (Series: Agricultural systems of Papua New Guinea working paper; no. 6). 630.99541 Cover Photograph: The late Gore Gabriel clearing undergrowth from a pandanus nut grove in the Sinasina area, Simbu Province (R.L.
    [Show full text]
  • GPS Results from the Woodlark Rift, Papua New Guinea, Geochem
    PUBLICATIONS Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems RESEARCH ARTICLE Continental breakup and UHP rock exhumation in action: GPS 10.1002/2014GC005458 results from the Woodlark Rift, Papua New Guinea Special Section: Laura M. Wallace1, Susan Ellis2, Tim Little3, Paul Tregoning4, Neville Palmer2, Robert Rosa5, Lithospheric Evolution of Richard Stanaway6, John Oa7, Edwin Nidkombu7, and John Kwazi7 Cenozoic UHP Terranes: From Convergence to Extension 1Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA, 2GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand, 3School of Geography, Environment, and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 4Research 5 Key Points: School for the Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia, Surveying Department, University 6 7 GPS reveals crustal deformation and of Technology, Lae, Papua New Guinea, Quickclose Pty. Ltd., Carlton, Victoria, Australia, PNG National Mapping Bureau, microplate kinematics in the Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea Woodlark Basin, SE Papua New Guinea Exhumation of UHP rocks in We show results from a network of campaign Global Positioning System (GPS) sites in the Wood- southeastern PNG is associated with Abstract active crustal extension lark Rift, southeastern Papua New Guinea, in a transition from seafloor spreading to continental rifting. GPS Our results demonstrate that low- velocities indicate anticlockwise rotation (at 2–2.7/Myr, relative to Australia) of crustal blocks north of the rift, angle normal faults can slip at rates producing 10–15 mm/yr of extension in the continental rift, increasing to 20–40 mm/yr of seafloor spreading of several mm/yr or more at the Woodlark Spreading Center. Extension in the continental rift is distributed among multiple structures.
    [Show full text]
  • Ascidians from the Tropical Western Pacific
    Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific Françoise MONNIOT Claude MONNIOT CNRS UPESA 8044, Laboratoire de Biologie des Invertébrés marins et Malacologie, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris (France) [email protected] Monniot F. & Monniot C. 2001. — Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific. Zoosystema 23 (2) : 201-383. ABSTRACT A large collection of 187 identified ascidian species is added to the records published in 1996 from the same tropical western Pacific islands. Most of the specimens were collected by the US Coral Reef Research Foundation (CRRF). They come from depths accessible by SCUBA diving. Most of the collection’s species are described and figured, their color in life is illustrated by 112 underwater photographs; among them 48 are new species represent- ing a fourth of the material collected. This demonstrates how incomplete the knowledge of the ascidian diversity in this part of the world remains. Moreover, very small or inconspicuous species were seldom collected, as com- pared to the highly coloured and large forms. Many other immature speci- mens were also collected but their precise identification was not possible. Almost all littoral families are represented with the exception of the Molgulidae which are more characteristic of soft sediments, a biotope which was not investigated. Among the very diversified genera, the colonial forms largely dominate, including not only all the Aplousobranchia genera but also some Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Very often only one specimen was KEY WORDS Tunicata, available, so a detailed biogeographical distribution cannot be given, and no western Pacific Ocean. island endemism can be defined. ZOOSYSTEMA • 2001 • 23 (2) © Publications Scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris.
    [Show full text]
  • Austronesian Paths and Journeys
    AUSTRONESIAN PATHS AND JOURNEYS AUSTRONESIAN PATHS AND JOURNEYS EDITED BY JAMES J. FOX TO THE MEMORY OF MARSHALL D. SAHLINS We would like to dedicate this volume to the memory of Marshall Sahlins who was a brilliantly productive and remarkably insightful ‘Austronesianist’. His Social Stratification in Polynesia was an early, important and provocative comparative study (1958); his Moala: Culture and Nature on a Fijian Island (1962) was a major ethnographic monograph of lasting value; and his Islands of History (1985) was an interpretive analysis that gave global significance to events in the history of the Pacific. His influence was profound on both students and colleagues. We have all learned much from him and his work. Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] Available to download for free at press.anu.edu.au ISBN (print): 9781760464325 ISBN (online): 9781760464332 WorldCat (print): 1247151070 WorldCat (online): 1247150967 DOI: 10.22459/APJ.2021 This title is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The full licence terms are available at creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover photograph: A gathering of members of the clan Nabuasa in the village of Lasi in the mountains of West Timor to hear the recitation of the journey of their ancestral name. Photo by James J. Fox. This edition © 2021 ANU Press Contents Abbreviations . ix List of illustrations . xi 1 . Towards a comparative ethnography of Austronesian ‘paths’ and ‘journeys’ .
    [Show full text]
  • Black, White & Gold
    4 Woodlark a people free to walk about Woodlark Island, over 40 miles in length and greater in area than Sudest, is lower and swampier than the other big islands of south-eastern Papua. Thick rain forest flourishes wherever the soil and drainage are adequate. The raised coral, mangroves, forest and small areas of garden lands of the west are divided from the east by the hills near Kulumadau in central Woodlark and the low Okiduse Range which rises at Mount Kabat in the north and culminates in a spear point of peninsula dominated by Suloga Peak. Inland from the mid-north coast and Guasopa Bay are extensive gardening lands. In 1895 the beach opposite Mapas Island was covered in stone chips, a clearing about a mile inland was strewn with more fragments, and beyond that near an old village site on the flank of Suloga Peak were acres of chips. For many generations men had mined on Woodlark, taking stone from rock faces exposed in a gully on Suloga and working it until it became a tool, wealth and art. The hard volcanic rock was flaked by striking it with another stone, ground in sand and water, and then polished in water and the powder coming away from the stone itself. At the old village site on Suloga and at other places on Woodlark were large slabs of rock each with a circular depression made by men grinding and polishing. In the most valuable blades the polishing highlighted a network of lighter bands, the result of the irregular laying down of the original volcanic ash.
    [Show full text]
  • Seismotectonic Model and Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Papua New Guinea
    Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (2020) 18:6571–6605 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00966-1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Seismotectonic model and probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Papua New Guinea Hadi Ghasemi1 · Phil Cummins1,2 · Graeme Weatherill3 · Chris McKee4 · Martyn Hazelwood1 · Trevor Allen1 Received: 18 March 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 / Published online: 9 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020 Abstract Papua New Guinea (PNG) lies in a belt of intense tectonic activity that experiences high levels of seismicity. Although this seismicity poses signifcant risks to society, the Building Code of PNG and its underpinning seismic loading requirements have not been revised since 1982. This study aims to partially address this gap by updating the seismic zoning map on which the earthquake loading component of the building code is based. We performed a new probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for PNG using the OpenQuake software developed by the Global Earthquake Model Foundation (Pagani et al. in Seism Res Lett 85(3):692–702, 2014). Among other enhancements, for the frst time together with background sources, individual fault sources are implemented to represent active major and microplate boundaries in the region to better constrain the earthquake-rate and seismic-source models. The seismic-source model also models intraslab, Wadati–Beniof zone seismicity in a more realistic way using a continuous slab volume to constrain the fnite ruptures of such events. The results suggest a high level of hazard in the coastal areas of the Huon Peninsula and the New Britain–Bougainville region, and a relatively low level of hazard in the southwestern part of mainland PNG.
    [Show full text]
  • Articles 189
    ARTICLES 189 ARTICLES Herpetological Review, 2018, 49(2), 189–207. © 2018 by Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Erroneous Environs or Aberrant Activities? Reconciling Unexpected Collection Localities for Three New Guinea Worm-eating Snakes (Toxicocalamus, Serpentes, Elapidae) Using Historical Accounts In contrast to birds and large mammals, which can usually be Malayopython timoriensis (Peters, 1876).—It is noteworthy observed and recognized using binoculars and field guides, many that the confusion over type localities persists even for well- reptile and amphibian species are secretive, rarely seen, and known species that are popular in the reptile trade. A good exam- difficult to identify from a distance. The characters that separate ple for this is the colorful Lesser Sunda python, Malayopython closely related snakes or lizards often revolve around some finite timoriensis. The species is endemic to the Lesser Sunda Island details of the head or body scalation rather than highly visible chain of Indonesia, and its type locality was given as Kupang, the color patterns, and these are essentially impossible to discern main port of Dutch Timor near the western end of the island. without close inspection; sometimes these characteristics are Peters (1876) reported on a series of specimens obtained in Ku- difficult to determine even up close, without magnification. pang in May 1875 by the crew of the SMS Gazelle. In the general Therefore, while many bird and mammal distribution maps may report of the discoveries made on this voyage (Studer 1889), the be compiled from non-invasive observations, often by armies author explained that the specimens listed for Timor included a of experienced amateurs, the ranges of many reptile species donation from a botanist associated with the Botanical Gardens often depend on the locality data that should accompany in Buitenzorg (now Bogor, Indonesia), a Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • THE DIARIES of SB FELLOWS July 21, 1891
    New Guinea Diaries of the Rev. S.B. Fellows, Vol. 1. Transcribed by Kim Akerman. 30/1/2001 THE DIARIES OF S. B. FELLOWS July 21, 1891 - October 14th 1893. 1891. July 21st Left Sydney in Lord of the Isles schooner on May 27th. Reached Samarai June 13th. Leaving Samarai on June 16th, reached Dobu June 19th. Took charge of Waverley to unload cargo, fetch piles etc. On Saturday July 11th we slept in mission house. On Sunday Rev. G. Brown preached from --------So in this thy might etc. - Parting address to missionaries - full of good advice and wise council. On Tuesday 14th July Lord of the Isles left towed by Merrie England. Sorry to part with President, so kind and good. On Monday evening had conference with Sir W. McGregor, Governor, and President and Chairman. On advice of Governor Mr Brown decided that Chairman Watson and I were to proceed in Dove to Panaeti and if possible fix second station on that island or on adjacent one. On Tuesday 14th had our first death just two or three hours after the President had left. A Fijian women, wife of Nehemiah died from miscarriage. She had kept her real illness a secret and had been treated for fever only. Funeral next day - buried on land bought by Mr Hely for mission station. All native teachers have been ill with fever - some very ill - most of them are better now. On Sunday 19th July, a Tongan woman - wife of Silivanusi died. Fever caused complications which caused death of child and mother gradually sank and died.
    [Show full text]
  • Magmatic Arcs of Papua New Guinea: Insights Into the Late Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Northern Australian Plate Boundary
    ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following reference: Holm, Robert J. (2013) Magmatic arcs of Papua New Guinea: insights into the late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the northern Australian plate boundary. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/32125/ The author has certified to JCU that they have made a reasonable effort to gain permission and acknowledge the owner of any third party copyright material included in this document. If you believe that this is not the case, please contact [email protected] and quote http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/32125/ Magmatic arcs of Papua New Guinea: Insights into the Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the northern Australian plate boundary Thesis submitted by Robert J. Holm July 2013 For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences of James Cook University Statement of Access I, the undersigned author of this thesis, understand that James Cook University will make this thesis available for use within the university library and allow access in other approved libraries after its submission. All users consulting this thesis will have to sign the following statement: In consulting this thesis I agree not to copy or closely paraphrase it in whole or in part without the written consent of the author; and to make proper public written acknowledgement for any assisstance which I have obtained from it. Beyond this, I do not wish to place any restrictions on access to this thesis. Robert J. Holm July 2013 I Declaration I declare that this thesis is my own work and has not been submitted in any form for another degree or diploma at any university or other institute or tertiary education.
    [Show full text]
  • Milne Bay Province
    Sch Code Sch Name Sch Type Sch Inst Level Grades Sch District Sch Agency Year Sch CreSch Status Position No Classificatio Pos Title Occup Type Employee No Name Report Job No Commence Date Class-Step Position No Occup Pos Title 54001 Alotau Primary Sch PRIM 05 3.4.5.6.7.8 LOAD GOVT 2001 OPEN 1090092195 TS05 Head Teacher SUB 0037581A Edwin, Emma 01 28-Jan-13 TS05-01 1090092195 Headmaster 1090113153 TS04 Deputy Head Teacher HDA 00238830 Liku, Joyce 01 28-Jan-13 TS04-04 1090113153 Deputy Head Teacher 1090092191 TS03 Senior Teacher HDA 00415910 Mogi, Bogelei 01 28-Jan-13 TS03-04 1090092191 Senior Teacher 1090101884 TS03 Senior Teacher HDA 0051349A Pala, Vanua 01 28-Jan-13 TS03-04 1090101884 Senior Teacher 1090113152 TS03 Senior Teacher CON 00390119 Motisi, Ethel 01 28-Jan-13 TS03-07 1090113152 Senior Teacher 1090393841 TS03 Senior Teacher HDA 00300691 Bagita, Reuben 02 4-Mar-13 TS03-01 1090393841 Senior Teacher 1090000355 TS02 Teacher CON 10141391 Begona, Thomas 01 28-Jan-13 TS02-07 1090000355 Teacher 1090000356 TS02 Teacher CON 00331171 Kuliniasi, Jan 01 28-Jan-13 TS02-07 1090000356 Teacher 1090092182 TS02 Teacher ****VACANT**** - 1090092183 TS02 Teacher CON 10685813 TALIAI, OINE 01 28-Jan-13 TS02-02 1090092183 Teacher 1090092184 TS02 Teacher CON 10491014 David, Rhonda 01 18-Feb-13 TS02-03 1090092184 Teacher 1090092185 TS02 Teacher CON 0057801A Kelarurea, Patricia 01 28-Jan-13 TS02-07 1090092185 Teacher 1090113147 TS02 Teacher CON 10934130 Vovoki, Viviei 01 1-Jan-13 TS02-01 1090113147 Teacher 1090113149 TS02 Teacher CON 0021851A Dilin, Keilo
    [Show full text]
  • Black, White & Gold
    BLACK, WHITE & GOLD Goldmining in Papua New Guinea 1878–1930 BLACK, WHITE & GOLD Goldmining in Papua New Guinea 1878–1930 HANK NELSON Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Creator: Nelson, Hank, 1937-2012, author. Title: Black, white and gold : gold mining in Papua New Guinea, 1878-1930 / Hank Nelson. ISBN: 9781921934339 (paperback) 9781921934346 (ebook) Subjects: Gold mines and mining--Papua New Guinea--History. Gold miners--Papua New Guinea--History. Dewey Number: 622.3420995 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. First published 1976 by The Australian National University Reprinted © 2016 ANU Press Preface Papua New Guinean communities living on islands in the Coral Sea, near creeks feeding the major rivers of the mainland, and in villages crowded along ridge-tops in the interior, gardened and hunted over land containing gold. Most of the men who came hungry for the gold were from Australia. They carried with them the skills to obtain it and the beliefs then common among Australian working men about foreigners and blacks. Most of the diggers believed that their guns and their brains made them superior to any ‘coloured’ men. Some also thought that they were physically superior, although that was harder to believe after 1902 when the first black American won a world boxing title.
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Biotas of New Guinea and Nearby Islands: Analysis of Endemism, Richness, and Threats
    FRESHWATER BIOTAS OF NEW GUINEA AND NEARBY ISLANDS: ANALYSIS OF ENDEMISM, RICHNESS, AND THREATS Dan A. Polhemus, Ronald A. Englund, Gerald R. Allen Final Report Prepared For Conservation International, Washington, D.C. November 2004 Contribution No. 2004-004 to the Pacific Biological Survey Cover pictures, from lower left corner to upper left: 1) Teinobasis rufithorax, male, from Tubetube Island 2) Woa River, Rossel Island, Louisiade Archipelago 3) New Lentipes species, male, from Goodenough Island, D’Entrecasteaux Islands This report was funded by the grant “Freshwater Biotas of the Melanesian Region” from Conservation International, Washington, DC to the Bishop Museum with matching support from the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC FRESHWATER BIOTAS OF NEW GUINEA AND NEARBY ISLANDS: ANALYSIS OF ENDEMISM, RICHNESS, AND THREATS Prepared by: Dan A. Polhemus Dept. of Entomology, MRC 105 Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. 20560, USA Ronald A. Englund Pacific Biological Survey Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817, USA Gerald R. Allen 1 Dreyer Road, Roleystone W. Australia 6111, Australia Final Report Prepared for: Conservation International Washington, D.C. Bishop Museum Technical Report 31 November 2004 Contribution No. 2004–004 to the Pacific Biological Survey Published by BISHOP MUSEUM The State Museum of Natural and Cultural History 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai’i 96817–2704, USA Copyright © 2004 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Freshwater Biotas of New Guinea and
    [Show full text]