THE WORLD OF OILTANKING VOL. 26/2 AUGUST 2014 connections EDITORIAL CONTENTS

Contents

ASIA PACIFIC 04 Plans for NEWater 06 Closer to the waterfront: optimization in Daya Bay 08 Proficiency project in the pipeline 10 Linked together: Oiltanking Nanjing & the Yangtze River

EUROPE 09 Danish storage alternatives 10 Water YANGTZE RIVER 12 The Operations Excellence Group equals knowledge-sharing and energy 14 Understanding the international petrochemical business 15 Gaining new knowledge / Emergency drill “One of the great contradictions in human nature is have correctly guessed by now — features water. 24 Braving the storm that we value things only when they are scarce. We With articles about water storage in Oiltanking's 26 Food lab opens its doors only appreciate the water once the well runs dry,” tanks, mangrove maneuvers and an ocean muse, for Be prepared! Elizabeth Dowdeswell* pointed out some years ago, instance, we hope that they are just as varied as the 27 when referring to the significance and scarcity of many faces of water. 28 “Blue cross marvel near Magdeburg” water. As water makes up 70 percent of the earth’s surface and approximately 60 percent of the human Happy reading 34 IOT pond preserves body, it still tends to be taken for granted. from Oiltanking Interim Management 24 Masterly mangrove maneuver LATIN AMERICA 22 BREAKWATER As water and energy are closely interconnected, 33 What a day: Water Day at World Water Day 2014** was celebrated under the Oiltanking banner of water and energy. Even if Oiltanking does Valuable source showered with attention not need a special day to be reminded of the water- 38 energy nexus, such an event helps to cement awareness — in other words, constant dripping Christian Flach Julio Tellechea NORTH AMERICA 36 Subtle subsea solution wears away a stone. Taking responsibility for the Chief Executive Officer Executive Board Member environment is the top priority in all our undertakings Marquard & Bahls Marquard & Bahls People 16 Water made what it is today through our commitment to using energy and natural & Places 20 We can, we care … oil spill response resources efficiently. Oiltanking published an Energy Cultural Experiences | Seven years Saving Guideline which also includes proposals to * Elizabeth Dowdeswell: President and CEO of the Council 30 and counting reduce water consumptions and has been monitoring of Canadian Academies. Previously, she was the Under- the amount of energy and water used as well as the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the Executive 40 In a nutshell Director of the United Nations Environment Program. produced waste for several years now by introducing ** World Water Day has been observed on March 22 suitable Key Performance Indicators (KPI). every year since 1993, when the United Nations General Leisure & 19 Lexicon | Hydro-testing Assembly declared it “World Day for Water”. ENTERTAINMENT 42 Aquatic amazement 42 Underlining the importance of water, it is time to Number | 166 berths immerse ourselves in an issue which — as you might 46 ICE-DIVING 47 Reader's Corner 48 Last but not least | Mesmerizing museum IMPRINT connections Vol. 26/2/2014 Published by Oiltanking GmbH, Corporate Center, Admiralitaetstrasse 55, 20459 , , www.oiltanking.com, Telephone +49-40-37099-485, Fax +49-40-37099-499 E-Mail [email protected] Coordinator Gabi Wuestenberg, Manager Communications Editor Renate Eijkholt Cover: "The Ocean Muse” by Roberto Díaz Abraham, President of MUSA and one of the five artists Design raz design, Hamburg Print BEISNER DRUCK GMBH & Co. KG, Hamburg Published Three times a year whose awe-inspiring works can be admired in the underwater museum. Read more about it on the back Copy Deadline vol 26/3 week 38, 2014 cover. ©Jason deCaires / Roberto Díaz Abraham / VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2014 Print compensated Id-No. 1439424 www.bvdm-online.de 2 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 3 Pacific Asia Pacific

Tapping a new source In the future, Oiltanking will use reclaimed water for maintenance purposes in Phases 6 and 10.

such as microfiltration, reverse osmosis and the final disinfection of the water using ultraviolet light. This multiple barrier membrane treatment process has enabled PUB to produce consistently good quality NEWater that exceeds the World Health Organization requirements.

It all began with an industrial water project at Oiltanking six years ago when the terminal was expanded in Phase 6. But only when PUB built the water infrastructure on Jurong Island, where Oiltanking is located, did the initial prohibitive cost become sustainable for Oiltanking Singapore. Now only connection costs will be incurred as the water lines, valves etc. were already installed during the of Phase 6 and 10 respectively.

Plans for Oiltanking Singapore is constantly endeavoring to implement its corporate responsibility in an economical, efficient and environmentally friendly way, such as by using energy-saving light bulbs or doing business with the most sustainable nitrogen supplier, for example. Joining forces with PUB will mean less water consumption for NEWater Oiltanking Singapore, and it will also ensure that the the completion of the first NEWater plant in 2000, PUB has On March 17, 2014, Public Utilities Board, Singapore’s national water correct type of water is used for the intended purpose. been running four plants in Singapore, which meet 30 With both companies heavily committed to conservation, percent of Singapore’s total water demand. By 2060, agency, and Oiltanking Singapore Ltd. signed an initial agreement for there is surely room for further cooperation in future. Since NEWater is expected to cater for 50 percent of it. the supply of NEWater to its terminal scheduled for April 2015.

18,557,100 liters: The amount of water consumed in the extension Every drop counts! of the Oiltanking Singapore terminal (Phase 6 and 10) in 2013. It included drinking and commercial water — all fulfilled with potable The water demand is expected to increase by 55 • take shorter showers water. Maintenance also requires a large quantity of water, for instance percent globally between 2000 and 2050 according to • do not leave the water running while you brush for the hydrostatic testing of tanks and pipelines, cleaning of tanks, OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and your teeth, wash your face or shave servicing of firewater line pressure, and the annual water sprinkler Development) figures. Some tips on how to help save • if possible, use the “half flush” function instead of test. However, this is set to change in future thanks to the recently water by starting with yourself and being a bit more the “full flush” after using the toilet signed initial agreement with the Public Utilities Board (PUB). responsible in the bathroom and toilet, which consume • only fill the bath tub with as much water as you nearly 40 percent of the household water needs: really need Oiltanking Singapore will be drawing NEWater from the national water • check the plugs for leaks and replace if necessary grid for Phase 6 and 10 in April 2015. NEWater is the brand name for • install an efficient showerhead reclaimed water produced by PUB. More specifically, it is high-grade • turn off the water once you are wet and while you reclaimed water prepared after treatment. Used water is purified in a scrub; turn it back on when you are ready to rinse three-step process that involves advanced membrane technologies

4 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 5 Asia Pacific Asia Pacific

Closer to the waterfront:

optimization in Daya Bay Oiltanking signed a Share Transfer Agreement for the sale management under one roof. The surveying company, who of Phase 1. In order to have a proficient sale, OTDB needed rented the lab at the previous premises, opted to follow to establish a subsidiary prior to the actual transfer, which OTDB to the Phase 2 terminal, J1 plot. A new four-story lab required a significant amount of paperwork, energy and has been constructed to accommodate them and OTDB time. The whole process is expected to be completed by plans to take up one floor in the extension. July 2014 (editorial deadline 06/2014). In the end, by divesting Phase 1, OTDB can cut down on What are the implications? costs thanks to synergies. It will be able to enjoy a higher tank occupancy which will have a positive impact on the Generally speaking, since the sale it has been more or less overall performance of the terminal. This latest step is a business as usual for everyone — the customers and staff continuation of OTDB’s growth strategy to capture off-site of OTDB. However, there have been some changes. OTDB’s storage in the park. OTDB is confident that the company customers, who used to utilize tanks in Phase 1 were will benefit from the growth in the mid- and long-term, relocated to Phase 2, and certain modifications to the tanks especially now that the new refinery and petrochemical and pipelines were necessary, along with utilities and expansion are under construction. For OTDB, the Phase 2 power diversions. terminal is a better location for its next development phase. The main OTDB office building was also situated in Phase 1, so OTDB had to expand and renovate the office in Phase 2 in order to have all the technicians, supporting staff and

Advantageous accessibility At the end of last year, Oiltanking Daya Bay decided Besides the jetty with two berths for ships up to 12,500 to sell the first phase of the terminal and relocate all dwt, the Oiltanking Daya Bay Poised for growth Oiltanking terminal also has a truck- Daya Bay now has a storage its customers and staff to the much larger Phase 2 loading and unloading station. capacity of 68,000 cbm for liquid site. What was the reason behind the move and what bulk chemicals and sufficient are the consequences? land and jetty capacity to accommodate future storage requirements.

Back in 2004, Oiltanking became one of the first relatively small Phase 1 terminal. However, it took OTDB investors to enter the Huizhou Daya Bay Petrochemical more than three years to realize this project as many Industrial Park in the Guangdong province. It was also the challenges had to be overcome. On October 29, 2013, first time that Oiltanking invested in . The Phase 1 terminal of Oiltanking Daya Bay (OTDB) was built on 5.6 ha of land, which was only partly utilized for the office building and 21,000 cbm of tank capacity.

In addition to the tank terminal, Oiltanking operates and co-owns a jetty company and a pipe rack company, which operates the pipe racks within Daya Bay Petrochemical Industrial Park.

After the commissioning of Phase 2 (J1 plot) in 2010, the Phase 1 (I4 plot) was of less strategic value for OTDB, because it was located further away from the public jetty. Therefore, OTDB decided to divest the

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Proficiency project Danish storage Water delivery Every day for two months, five to ten trucks were busy loading and discharging water at the in the pipeline alternatives Oiltanking terminal in .

Based on a recent evaluation, Oiltanking Singapore and one of its valued customers Oiltanking Copenhagen, have jointly identified areas where operational efficiency can be strengthened. As , has been quite the implementation of these plans will be executed in a live facility, close cooperation enterprising in diversifying and coordination between both parties is of paramount importance. its terminal’s portfolio of late. The most recent success In today’s ever-changing and competitive environment, An excellent relationship with the customer is proving to story was a storage service Oiltanking Singapore sees the necessity to increase the be very beneficial in terms of project planning, scheduling, that, in the truest sense of operational capability and efficiency level of its terminal to and much more. The project is due to commence by the keep in line with its clients’ requirements. Therefore, end of the second quarter of 2014 (as of editorial deadline) the word, held water. Oiltanking and one of its key customers conducted a joint and is expected to be completed by early 2016. What study and determined areas where the operational needs to be kept in mind, however, is the fact that the efficiency within the Oiltanking facility can be enhanced. work may occasionally be delayed because of ongoing "Like fast-flowing water, an active In doing so, the focus was on infrastructure (pipelines, operational activities. Once ready, the scope of the mind never stagnates.”* A very fitting pumps, valves), personnel and work processes. After improvements will boost the overall capabilities of saying for the colleagues at Oiltanking some time, five pivotal improvement tasks were singled Oiltanking Singapore as a world-scale gasoline blending Copenhagen. With the introduction of Oiltanking Shipping personal interests ahead of the financial benefits here! All out: The extension of a pipeline providing more connectivity terminal. Moreover, the advanced operational efficiency Services and the segment lead in liquefied natural gas (LNG), joking aside, however, discovering alternatives can be much between pump stations, expansion of pump capacity, and saving of time will enable Oiltanking to serve its clients Managing Director Karl Henrik Dahl already established easier than you might think, as Oiltanking Copenhagen construction of a substation, installation of local actuators better and consolidate its position even more on the himself as a pioneer, constantly looking into justifiable recently demonstrated. As simple as it is, one of the latest (a type of motor on a valve to open or close it) and the Singapore market. possibilities to diversify Oiltanking's portfolio. His highly agreements was to store (drum roll) … water! recruitment of additional staff. creative team has also come up with buckets of ideas regarding how storage tanks can be used above and beyond How did this come about? ISS A/S, a Danish facility service storing standard oil and liquid bulk products. company, was commissioned to service Haldor Topsøe’s process plant, a Danish catalysis company, which involved Advanced activities The Quite some interesting and equally entertaining ideas popped removing process water (water and nitrate) from the facility. construction of a 16-inch up. From indoor climbing to the ultimate narrow diving To avoid any waste, appropriate temporary buffer storage was carbon steel (CS) pipeline experience, the brainstorming session primarily focused on required. At that point, Oiltanking came into play. Having an to extend an existing one To-do list A specific the recreation and amusement sector. A tiny suspicion may empty, fully operational tank at hand, Oiltanking Copenhagen scope is the installation of will add to the terminal’s arise that the colleagues from Denmark were putting their was able to deliver ISS the perfect answer and so five to ten local actuators on existing proficiency and flexibility. valves (left valve without, trucks moved in and out on a daily basis to load and discharge right one with). water, constantly shifting the filling level.

A tank that otherwise would have been unoccupied provided a suitable solution for ISS’ predicament — a win-win situation all round. Admittedly, this might not have taken a huge amount of inventiveness to provide state-of-the-art service solutions, but clearly there is no room for complacency among the team in Copenhagen. Their well of ideas will simply never run dry! Business connection The water, stored in one of Oiltanking’s tanks, was pumped via a * author unknown hose to a Haldor Topsøe truck.

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Linked together: Oiltanking Nanjing & to dredge the river to 12.5 m. In light of this development, we built the 50,000 dwt jetty, which was commissioned in the 2013 as an extension of the existing one. We are now able Yangtze River to handle one large international top-sized chemical vessel or two smaller ships of up to 5,000 dwt simultaneously.

Seeing as the Yangtze River plays a crucial role in the lives of Nanjing’s citizens, how does Oiltanking protect human health and the environment? Strategic location Oiltanking Nanjing is situated in Nanjing’s Chemical Industrial Park, the last port Oiltanking’s HSSE policy is ever present. We display a high of call for sea-faring vessels on the Yangtze River. sense of social responsibility and take the appropriate measures in different phases. As in the case of the jetty construction, a consulting company was involved to and vessel. Courses on handling our products and evaluate the effect on the channel, ship navigation safety equipment and safety drills take place on a regular basis and all the findings needed to be approved by local for all colleagues to ensure that health and safety becomes authorities. Moreover, based on physical models concerning second nature to everyone. And we also see to it that our the hydraulic structure, the design of the jetty was customers adhere to environmental and ecological optimized by minimizing the impact on the Yangtze River procedures. In the end, we are all inextricably linked to the picture: © China National Tourist Office flow, e.g. the river levee, especially during the flood and Yangtze River. drought periods. And last but not the least, we carefully assessed the possible effects for the nearby fishing industry Water and energy are connections: Water from the Yangtze is often used to on the Yangtze River and made sure that it was protected irrigate paddy and wheat fields. It also accounts for 80 properly. closely interlinked and The Yangtze River percent of Nanjing’s drinking water. You refer to it as interdependent, and so is the “energy” fueling Oiltanking Nanjing. What does the And how does Oiltanking Nanjing look after China’s Yangtze River is the third longest river in the Oiltanking Nanjing with river and energy have to do with storage services? the river during operations? world and the longest in Asia. It stretches for 3,600 the Yangtze River. Ian km from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in western China Ian Yang: Actually, in Nanjing the Yangtze River Already in the trial stage for the jetties, we focused on the to the estuary of the East China Sea near Shanghai. Yang, Deputy General does not directly produce electricity like in standardization and safety of the operation of every barge The Yangtze water network covers about 1.8 million Manager of Operations and Yichang, where the river is spanned by the km2, accounting for 18.8 Projects, who supervised hydroelectric Three Gorges Dam. But for percent of the area of Oiltanking it is a very important resource as the Weighty waterway The Yangtze China. Connecting the the recent jetty expansion terminal is strategically located at Nanjing Port, River has been an important interior with the coast, it right at the heart of the Yangtze River, China’s transportation route with major is a major transportation project at Oiltanking cities along its banks for several largest and busiest waterway. The terminal has artery for the country. Nanjing, explains the thousand years. the unique advantage of being the only chemical The Yangtze River Basin importance of the river, storage company with connections to pipelines, also boasts some of the which he describes as the roads, railways and waterways with loading and unloading possibilities. highest levels of “energy” fueling Oiltanking Therefore, it is not far-fetched to say that the Yangtze River is the biodiversity in the world: energy that keeps the terminal alive and the basis for its further From towering mountains Nanjing. development. and dense forests to fertile wetlands and What exactly is the benefit of Oiltanking Nanjing’s bustling waterways waterway transportation? And how does last year’s created by seasonal jetty expansion play a role here? flooding.

Nanjing constitutes a hub as it offers the largest port areas for petrochemicals, containers, and foreign trade along the Yangtze picture: © China National Tourist Office River. Since it had a draft limitation of 10.5 m, the government decided

10 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 11 Europe Europe

The Operations Excellence Group (BOT), which is currently being developed and is planned to be rolled out in different “Operations are the heart equals knowledge-sharing languages,” comments Sanjay. and soul of terminalling business. We are well- Implementing new ideas or bringing about known for the way we In 2009 Oiltanking GmbH initiated the Operations change can be a slow process due to human Excellence Group, which was designed as a platform nature’s fundamental resistance to change. operate our assets.” for knowledge-sharing with colleagues who are “The group is a Therefore, both Sven and Sanjay stress that fantastic tool for they have to manage the human factor with Sanjay Dawar, Senior Vice experts in their own field. Five Oiltankers who have streamlining our great care. Another challenge is to carve out President Assets and been involved from the very outset provide some some quality time from the hectic routine to Operations IOT and put into effect new plans. Nevertheless, a lot insights and talk about their impressions. operations activities as much as possible.” can still be done to gather even more know-how “Even though ideas or and make it more transparent and accessible “When the Operations Excellence Group (OEG) documents are mostly for all. “One of the main success factors is the was established some years ago and I was asked to join, Sven Partzsch, level of the motivation of the members,” I considered it an honor to be one of the representatives General Manager generic, everybody in explains Martin. “Even though all of them are from my region,” recalls Kevin Campbell. Together with Oiltanking the company can pick more than busy with their own workload, they Karimun Sanjay Dawar, Florian Jargstorf, Sven Partzsch, and bits and pieces out of dedicate extra time to the OEG’s projects. Martin Redivo, he was among the 16 original members of Another principal ingredient is the support from the group, which can also be described as Oiltanking’s This first get-together also seems to be the most it and become the management, which truly believes that the “think tank”. Or as Sven puts it: “The platform within memorable for the other four colleagues and Florian more efficient.” OEG adds value to the company. And the Oiltanking where ideas, concerns and issues from all explains why: “None of us knew what the OEG’s actual appointment of project managers with semi- walks of terminal life are brought together.” And just as task was supposed to be and which direction it would exclusive dedication is also of great importance thoughts are constantly flowing, so are the OEG’s take. But we were all quite motivated and just got on Florian Jargstorf, Operations when it comes to coordinating the development developments. with it.” Manager Inland Terminals of the projects with the OEG team.” Oiltanking Deutschland

“We only had chairs arranged in a circle but no tables,” Today, the OEG consists of 24 colleagues who pool “Quality norms, safety and environmental says Kevin, remembering the kick-off meeting in , their terminal knowledge in regular sessions. Some of regulations are all getting stricter and rapid which he honestly describes as “slow and cumbersome.” the team’s ideas have already been implemented technological advancements affect the business. successfully, including the Project Management Considering all these elements, I do hope the Handbook, which was an important “In my opinion, the Project OEG is and will be the platform to help shape milestone because it provides a systematic Management Handbook and the terminal of the future,” notes Sanjay. Last approach for the realization of projects in Management of Changes but not least, Florian sums up the OEG’s “Being part of the group a sound way. Having set up the OEG online Project, which are based on ultimate goal: “I trust it will one day provide a enriches both your forum, the team members took another full “open source toolbox” where all Oiltanking big step in the right direction. Now, they the OEG’s findings, have been colleagues can track down the right instrument professional background reach key managers worldwide by offering the most valuable so far.” for the job.” and job satisfaction.” a tool to post questions and/or discuss potential answers and solutions with each Kevin Campbell, Vice President Martin Redivo, Assets & Operations other. “But in my view, the most significant of Operations Oiltanking Manager Latin America project will be the Basic Operator Training North America

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Prominent guest speaker David A. Smith is a regular international conference speaker, writer and passionate believer that “We are not victims of what the future Understanding the international might hold if we prepare ourselves in advance.” petrochemical business Gaining new knowledge Gaining knowledge The participants Over 100 Oiltanking colleagues learned how the from around the world convened at petrochemical Lake Fuschl in Salzburg, Austria, for industry has the traditional annual Spring Meeting evolved through on May 6, 2014. The three-day event the years. was jam-packed with a busy schedule. Not only were the participants brought up to speed with the latest facts, Red or green or both? The participants figures and trends within Oiltanking; used colored cards to indicate their opinion. they also got actively involved in the program. In twos or fours, they had to come up with solutions for several business related tasks. entertaining and it encouraged “out-of-the-box” thinking And during their scavenger hunt in Salzburg, the colleagues to help generate new visions and strategies. also proved to be savvy on foreign soil, too. Once again, the meeting offered plenty of interesting food This year Oiltanking welcomed David A. Smith on board. for thought. And of course, no gathering in Austria would Starting on April 25, 2014, Oiltanking Europe and the renowned Oxford Princeton The Chief Executive of Global Futures and Foresight (GFF) be quite complete without an abundance of tasty (almost shared his knowledge about risk management with the irresistible) tidbits that Austrian cuisine is renowned for! Programme organized a three-day event titled Understanding the International Oiltanking audience. His talk on key issues of the oil This presented yet another way to take risks: by piling on Petrochemical Business. The list of participants who convened at Oiltanking Stolthaven industry in the near future was challenging, informative, the pounds! , , comprised an interesting mix of colleagues and trainees from all around Europe. Emergency drill Since 1999, Oiltanking has increased its foothold The core module centered on the petrochemical industry globally in the world of petrochemical storage. With an eye and what is essential for successful operations. What is the On April 26, 2014, Oiltanking Gera was the to further develop the petrochemical storage facilities in refining petrochemical interface? What is the origin of the arena for a large-scale operation by the Gera Europe, Oiltanking Europe stressed the importance of the industry’s seven basic raw materials and the value chains fire brigade. Fortunately, they were merely petrochemical industry by arranging a customized three- that flow from these raw materials? David Lines was never using the terminal for an emergency drill and day event in conjunction with the Oxford Princeton short of in-depth explanations. While discussing the the obligatory inspection of how they implement Program. Together with Oiltanking, its designated economics of the industry, the participants got a complete the statutory Major Accidents Ordinance (12. consultant and course director, David Lines, called upon rundown on the current major players and their role in the BlmSchV). The scenario was a fire that had the regional Human Resources Department and the local huge restructuring that the industry is currently undergoing. broken out following a gasoline spillage at the office team to help ensure the course held at the Oiltanking railway unloading facility and included rescuing Stolthaven terminal, went off without a hitch. The program required intense concentration on the part of an “injured” Oiltanking employee from a great On the first day, 18 colleagues from the Oiltanking terminals the attendees to digest the wealth of information provided. height. The conclusion: The 80 tireless firefighters in Amsterdam, Antwerp, Copenhagen, and Hamburg The pleasant dinner in Antwerp’s historic city center in the gave a clear demonstration of their rapid reaction were given a warm welcome by Yvan Tavernier, Managing evening certainly helped! The event concluded with the time and competence. And one more thing was Director Oiltanking Stolthaven Antwerp (OTSA). The official presentation of certificates followed by awell- evident again: Oiltanking is also a “friend and subsequent bus tour around the terminal guided by deserved drink in the tiny historical town of Lillo, where helper”. Terminal Manager Erik Bogaert showed them how OTSA is based. The participants went home contented and petrochemical storage is done at the largest Oiltanking with a deeper understanding of the interesting interactions Scenario Firefighters practiced rescuing facility for petrochemicals before the interactive part of the between chemistry, markets and economics. an “injured” Oiltanking colleague at the course got underway. Oiltanking Gera tank terminal.

14 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 15 People & Places People & Places

Experiencing urban Some things development In the never change Museum of Canals (Het Fishing trash out Grachtenhuis) you will of the canals to feel the history of this keep them clean. unique ring of canals Water come to life. made Amsterdam what it is today* The River Amstel, the tide of Lake IJ, boggy moorland, the drainage and extraction of peat, climate change and southwesterly storms have made water management a must for Amsterdam, the capital of the , since it was founded in 1275. An ingenious system still protects the town against rising water levels and the thrust waters of Lake IJ: the river banks were diked, a dam was built and excess river water is drained off via a lock.

Through the years the town developed and during its expansion in 1641 three new canals were constructed with

interconnecting canals for the exchange of water: © Amsterdam Marketing / NBTC Herengracht, Keizersgracht and Prinsengracht. The excavated earth was used to raise the areas between the canals — so-called polders — up to require a higher water level to prevent wood about 85 cm above the Normaal Amsterdams Peil rot and subsidence. To give you an idea: The (NAP), a reference measurement of the city's Royal Palace on Dam Square was built on water level. It was set at "negen voet vyf duym” 13,659 poles in 1648. (which translates as 2.67 m) below the height of the sea dike. Today, there is a total of 165 canals Centuries of good water management and the in Amsterdam that belong to the Amsterdam’s constant expansion of the city have created an Canal Ring, known locally as Grachtengordel. excellent drainage system. The extensive The canal water is kept at a fixed level: 40 cm network of waterways discharges the excess below the NAP. As soon as the water reaches a water and keeps the city dry. The seepage and level of 25 cm below the NAP, a flood warning is rainwater into the polders is collected in sent out and the canal water is redirected into ditches, canals and waterways and pumped to the Ijsselmeer via four pumps at the Zeeburg the “Boesemwater” (a specific waterway pumping station at a combined capacity of without a fixed water level). At a normal level, 3,400 cbm of water per minute. Flooding is the water flows through the canals and open practically impossible. locks to Lake IJ and with the aid of gravity through the locks at Ijmuiden into the North Amsterdam canals: icon of urban Sea. If the water in Lake IJ and the North Sea © Dick Coersen; picture alliance / ANP planning and architecture is too high, the locks in the canals are closed

* Rob Koeze, Waternet and Camiel van Drimmelen, City Amsterdam has enjoyed a long tradition of water management As 60 percent of the Netherlands lies below of Amsterdam, compiled the Amsterdam Waterproof ever since it was founded in the 13th century. Here are some sea level, another important task is to Reliable reference The NAP Factsheets in 2009. manage the ground water levels. These vary (Normaal Amsterdams Peil), interesting facts about the history of the city’s famous canals, also known as the Amsterdam between the different polders, ranging from Ordnance Datum (AOD), is a water drainage system and why flooding is virtually impossible. 1.2 m to 5.5 m below sea level. For example, level datum based on the average the houses built on wooden stilts in these areas sea level during the 17th century.

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Hydro- and all the water is pumped to the 31 locks and dams involves Ijsselmeer via the Zeeburg removing dirt via a hydraulic testing pumping station and on toward crane and even remnants are the sea. fished out manually with a net on a long pole. The canals In the past, these essential themselves are cleaned by thorough inspection of locks and dams were used to dredging and removing floating the system. If the flush the canals at night and exchange polluted water for debris with a special garbage boat. In 2013, for instance, pressure is lost or drops fresh. Nowadays, this only occurs from time to time, i.e. an average of 70,000 cbm of dredging was needed and 800 t PSI significantly, this is an when (daily) water samples display a significant decrease of floating debris and 160 cbm of bulky waste were Large flat-bottomed indication of leaks and in the oxygen level, a high increase in water temperature removed, including 12,000 bicycles. aboveground welded possibly the failure of the or when there is an overflow of the sewage system due to steel storage tanks, system in question. heavy rain. The water can be controlled in two directions: Today, the canal water in the capital has never been so pressure vessels, boilers, from Lake IJ to the canals and waterways in the city and clean. In 2012, prior to the Amsterdam City Swim (which pipelines, pumps, valves, etc. HT ensures that new, modified vice versa. After closing the locks, clean water is pumped the reigning Queen Maxima also entered), the quality was are all common sights at a or repaired pressure systems are in from IJsselmeer at the Zeeburg pumping station and found to meet the standard for bathing determined by the terminal. Their reliable functionality capable of safely withstanding its canal water is pumped out to the North Sea via the Ijmuiden water authority Waternet. Since 2005, all the houseboats and integrity is of the utmost importance rated pressure and its fluid-tightness. An pumping station at a rate of 3,000 cbm of water per minute. in the city are connected to the sewage system. And the for safety, environmental protection and HT for large aboveground atmospheric cleaner water has attracted wildlife: around 20 different product storage. Hydro-testing (HT) or hydrostatic storage tanks, done after construction and before Cool, clear canal water in Amsterdam species of fish and crabs have found a new place to live and (pressure) testing is the most common non-destructive test commissioning, not only proves the integrity of the tank; it all kinds of water birds come to visit! method to detect manufacturing flaws, leaks, cracks and also applies a load on the tank foundation to check whether One key goal was to improve the quality of the canal water other weaknesses. The inspection also gauges the the settlement is within the defined parameters and will not even further. Before the time of sewage and refuse performance, tightness, strength and soundness under more create hazardous conditions when the tank is finally loaded collection services, the water severe test circumstances than the actual design or operating with product. This is achieved solely by hydrostatic pressure, pollution was at its peak. In the conditions. i.e. the filling height of the test fluid. No additional pressure is summertime, those who could exerted to these types of large aboveground storage tanks. afford to would flee the city to The Greek word "hydro" means "water" and in nearly all Hydro-testing should ideally be done with industrial water their houses in the country to cases it is indeed water (preferably clean water with a low which is re-used for several tanks. escape the stench. Well into the chloride content) that is used as a test fluid since it has the 20th century, even after the advantage of being readily available in almost all places, it construction of the sewage is non-toxic, non-hazardous and more incompressible than system, the canals were still other fluids. Nonetheless, other incompressible fluids may used as a dumping ground for also be utilized. waste. The essential upkeep of The vessel, equipment or piping system to be examined is completely filled with the test fluid, making sure that all the trapped air pockets are displaced by the test fluid, especially at the high points. Afterwards, the system is The Amsterdam pressurized to a predetermined test pressure that is Canal District The regulated by various standards, codes and regulations to 17th-century canals of which the equipment was designed and built. In many cases, Amsterdam, located in the city center, were placed for pressure vessels and pressure piping systems the test on the UNESCO World pressure is at least 1.5 times greater than the design pressure Hydro-testing in progress Water can picture: © Amsterdam Marketing / NBTC Heritage List in 2010. rating. The pressure is applied for long enough to conduct a be seen at the top of the tank.

18 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 19 People & Places People & Places Action Besides the iconic Hercules aircraft, OSRL is converting a Boeing 727 into an aerial dispersant delivery platform with a We can, capacity of 17,500 t.

we care … Why Marquard & Bahls became a member members are allowed to nominate OSRL in their oil spill contingency plans as the official third-party responder, Of late, Marquard & Bahls has been rapidly expanding in oil which is important for operations in sensitive areas. trading and tank-terminal storage services. Needless to say, this goes hand in hand with an increased potential risk for a As a responsible company, Marquard & Bahls is not only major product spill. This applies to terminals and chartered poised for emergency situations with the help of OSRL, ships for the transportation of products. The Oiltanking also trains its employees on a regular basis to catastrophic environmental impact caused by maritime maintain and guarantee the highest level of preparedness. accidents such as that of the Erika and the Prestige has This is partly coordinated by the HSSE Department at the alerted politicians and increased public sensitivity. As a headquarters in Hamburg, as well as individual terminals. result, new conventions (e.g. The International Oil Pollution Take for example the most recent eight-part “Customized Compensation Funds (IOPC Funds), Hazardous and Noxious Oil Spill Refresher Course” conducted by OSRL for the Substances (HNS)) and the extended “polluter pays” operational staff at Oiltanking Singapore, Oiltanking Odfjell principle were ratified. All this has an indirect or direct Terminal Singapore and Helios Terminal in Singapore: The impact on the company’s business activities. course aimed to give an understanding of the methods and

pictures: © Oil Spill Response Limited and Oiltanking

... oil spill response

Oiltanking is very aware of the potential risks associated Response readiness The most recent course on oil spill response demonstrated again the professional with its business and responsibility toward people and support from OSRL and the knowledge ability of colleagues from Oiltanking Singapore. nature. Preventing accidents, injury and occupational illnesses and protecting

the environment are reflected in the company’s Health, Safety, Security & “In order to have guaranteed and professional support in techniques involved in responding to oil spills. “Classroom Environmental Policy. The company’s efforts to stop environmental damage case of major oil spills, we scoured the market for an discussions and hands-on experience with our internal include a purposeful, rapid response in emergency situations — no matter the external service provider,” recalls Jörg Walter, Group response equipment helped increase the participants’ Director HSSE & Corporate Communication Marquard & familiarity, safety and deployment efficiency,” comments source. Therefore, the parent company Marquard & Bahls became a shareholder Bahls. “We identified OSRL, the world's largest oil spill John Chui, a marine superintendent. “Attending such of Oil Spill Response Limited (OSRL) in 2004. response company, as the best option since it has gained a courses helps the attendees not to become complacent as tremendous amount of collective experience over the years they see for themselves what can happen. Knowing what by attending over 400 spills.” to do and being able to assist effectively during a spill Twenty five years ago on March 24, the oil in Bahrain, Singapore, Fort Lauderdale and response gives you a reassuring feeling,” he summarizes. tanker Exxon Valdez crashed into Bligh Reef off Southampton. The Singapore response base also OSRL provides oil spill response, training and consultancy Alaska’s coast. This disastrous oil spill is still fresh in functions as one of the four Subsea Well Intervention services. It has three teams on call 24/7 plus an equipment many people’s memories. OSRL was on the frontline Services (SWIS) bases that were recently stockpile of containment and recovery devices, including in the response operation. This industry-funded incorporated. The other three SWIS bases are located booms, skimmers and pumps. OSRL’s Hercules aviation organization was founded in Southampton in 1985 in , Norway and . To be closer to its dispersant spraying platform is now under review and the and is now wholly owned by 45 international members and customers, OSRL also has regional Boeing 727 has been identified as a type of aircraft which companies, including Marquard & Bahls, which offices and representatives in Aberdeen and London is capable of delivering the required duties. Although OSRL Collective concern Oil Spill Response became a shareholder in 2004. The purpose of OSRL (UK), Houston (USA), Jakarta (), North offers its services to everybody, only members have Limited (OSRL) is wholly owned by the is to respond effectively to oil spills wherever they Africa and West and Central Africa. guaranteed access to the response personnel and most responsible and environmentally may occur in the world. Today, it has response bases equipment (including aircraft) at all times. And only committed oil and energy companies.

20 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 21 Latin America Latin America

infringed on an area where there were two mangrove trees. Although Oiltanking Colombia Mangroves Masterly was officially allowed to remove the trees for its Mangroves are a collection expansion, the colleagues simply did not take the of salt-tolerant, evergreen easy way and leave it at that. trees that grow in tropical and sub-tropical coastal environments and line Various alternatives were considered to make approximately eight percent of the world’s coasts. mangrove this construction project environmentally Due to their aerial roots, which grow in fine muds compatible. Relocating the entire trees was not or sandy sediments, they “float” and inhabit both maneuver an option because of their extensive branching. the land and water. These roots form a dense, Therefore, the decision was made to move tangled network beneath the surface of the water, seedlings to a nearby area that is favorable for providing a home and shelter for a diverse number their growth. Oiltanking Colombia has been of species. They also prop the tree up and take in transplanting as many seedlings as possible since oxygen at low tide. There are over 50 species of March 2014 to balance out the environmental trees and shrubs classified as “true” mangroves. In impact of the construction. By re-planting them Colombia, mangrove forests can be found along in a proper, well-selected area, the environment both its Caribbean and Pacific coastlines. can be preserved and even improved upon. These seedlings will be protected to ensure their growth and looked after by Oiltanking’s gardener, Fredy Polanco, who has been in charge of the terminal’s help and knowledge, Oiltanking is confident that only the beautiful flora since 2009. “We have to remove bare minimum will be cut and the maximum number of the whole seedling from the ground — roots, soil seedlings possible re-planted in the right spot. and all. If the plant suffers despite watering it with plenty of saltwater, it loses its leaves. In this case, cutting its branches Oiltanking Colombia obtained an environmental license to upgrade its helps,” says Fredy, terminal in Cartagena in 2012. The permit covers the removal of two explaining how a smooth transplantation procedure mangrove trees to make room for the necessary construction work. Given works. the company’s environmental consciousness and corporate ecological responsibility, the return of these treasured species to nature is being In addition, Oiltanking Colombia appointed an conducted with utmost care. external marine biologist to lead and supervise the relocation of the seedlings The coastal areas of Colombia are insects. Mangroves also secure the at the terminal. With his characterized by an intricate ecosystem: stability of the marine ecosystem. mangroves. And where the Oiltanking terminal is located in Cartagena is no Due to Oiltanking’s HSSE standards to exception. Several mangroves line the guarantee safe operations at the shore. They are highly productive terminal in Cartagena, a new pump (Green) thumbs up Colleague Fredy Polanco biomass processors, an important station was required in order to become (picture) and an external biotope and a source of food for all kinds independent from the neighboring marine biologist will re- of living creatures, including birds, fish, facility, which had been providing the balance the ecosystem at the amphibians, reptiles, mammals and service until then. However, the pump terminal in Cartagena.

22 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 23 Europe Europe

Stormy weather hits The jetties along the breakwater’s harbor side, which are used for the handling Sunny weather Same location but and transshipment of petroleum what a difference a day can make! products, are barely visible. hundreds of workers, it was In 2010, the Maltese government finally completed in 1986. It initiated a major redevelopment is approximately 1 km long, campaign, the first phase of which 26 m wide and consists of 28 was completed in 2012. The caissons (large cellular measures included the demolition hollow blocks made of of the outer concrete surface fortified concrete) decked along the quay edge, the harbor with a reinforced concrete and seaward sides of the wave superstructure and a 8.5 m wall, the replacement or high curved wave deflector reparation of exposed steel wall. The breakwater itself is reinforcements and the application protected by wave breakers of a new outer concrete layer/ which are also known as shell covering approximately Braving dolosses. 13,000 m2 in total. The second and final phase of the upgrade is The Marsaxlokk breakwater due to be finished in 2014. provides the highest level of Oiltanking continues to operate the storm wave protection. In its adjacent jetties although it is particular, it safeguards the an enormous challenge in terms commercial port activities at of safety as a lot of jobs have to Freeport, which play a be done in a high hazard area. vital role in Malta’s economy, This means that projects are and it protects the Delimara strictly controlled and regulated. Power Station which generates the vast majority of But without the breakwater, the very existence of the electricity for the island. It also shields the various harbor — including Oiltanking’s terminal — would be estuaries in the picturesque main fishing village of in great jeopardy every time unfavorable weather Marsaxlokk, where many small vessels are moored. moved in from a south-easterly direction. Oiltanking’s location in Birzebbuga, Malta, with direct access to the Mediterranean

Sea, also means direct exposure to the elements. The Marsaxlokk breakwater Exposed to the provides solid protection. elements The Oiltanking terminal N in Birzebbuga is Marsaxlokk positioned right “The waves were in Birzebbuga, right at the entrance to Malta at the gateway to Birzebbuga two stories high,” Freeport. Being so close to the harbor Malta Freeport. recalls Jeffrey Micallef, entrance is extremely dangerous for a HSSE & Quality Manager berthed vessel in adverse conditions. Oiltanking Malta, when Regular weather updates are the order of the latest giant waves the day. Whenever poor weather is battered the coastline of expected, this is communicated to the Malta two years ago. relevant departments so an action plan can “The nearer they came be agreed upon in a timely manner. This 1 1 Malta Freeport to the shore, the bigger was not the first occasion that vessels had 2 GASCO LPG Terminal 3 they got.” While it might to terminate their operations pre-maturely 3 Delimara have seemed like a mini- and vacate the berth before a bad weather Power Station tsunami, it was quite another thing. The system took its hold. waves that affect the terminal’s operations 2 are triggered by severe storms, especially The Maltese government decided to build those that blow in from a south-easterly the Marsaxlokk breakwater in 1981. After a Urban Area direction. After all, the terminal is situated construction period of five years, involving Pipeline Scale 1 : 20,500

24 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 25 Europe Europe

What’s cooking? The new school kitchen churns out oodles of fruitful learning experiences for the students of St. Benedict Primary School in Birzebbuga. Be prepared!

On April 10, 2014, a major fire drill took place at the Oiltanking terminal in Malta. Jeffrey Micallef, HSSE & Food lab Quality Manager Oiltanking Malta, who helped to make opens its the arrangements, recalls the day. When the alarm was sounded on April 10, 2014, the This time, it revolved around a simulated earthquake doors colleagues at the Oiltanking terminal in Malta hurried scenario that caused a rim-seal fire and minor leakage toward the assembly points. “There’s a tank on fire!” from the LPG pipeline. Later on, in an endeavor to test the shouted one member of the management as he pointed secondary fallback options, it was simulated that the foam St. Benedict Primary School in Birzebbuga, Malta, has always advocated healthy lifestyle into the distance. In unison, all those assembled looked in pourers on the tank with the rim-seal fire had failed and choices. During the last school year, staff members, students and parents flagged up a the same direction and their startled facial expressions therefore the flames had to be extinguished manually in a spoke a thousand words. When he announced, “It is a fire closely coordinated effort between the firefighters from food and nutrition policy as a top priority and were supported by Oiltanking Malta. The drill!” they all turned back to face him with great relief! Oiltanking and the local fire department. The exercise went icing on the cake: the school won the Healthy Lifestyle Award. well and involved the deployment of fire teams, fire trucks, In order to be well-prepared for emergency situations, the water cannons, foam pumps, hoses and tons of seawater. terminal organizes a large-scale fire drill on a regular basis. In addition, the all-important communication channels, Healthy eating isn’t always a piece of cake. Being benefits of dairy products and promote the consumption of The importance of this state of preparedness is underlined both internal and external, were tested and stretched to mindful of what belongs in a balanced diet is one thing; fresh milk — naturally, with lots of opportunities to taste by a comprehensive European legislation which imposes their limit in times of peak coordination. All in all, the drill good food at your fingertips is quite another story. the dairy difference. The fruit scheme introduced by the mandatory periodic fire drills. But when the latest one was was satisfactory and after two very intensive hours, it drew Ultimately, knowing how to prepare wholesome food is school continues with assembly awards to acknowledge the scheduled for Oiltanking Malta, only a couple of people to a close with the situation being declared under control essential. St. Benedict Primary School in Birzebbuga has classes who know how to eat their fruits and vegetables. from the terminal management and government authorities by the authorities. As is customary on such occasions, a always championed healthy lifestyle decisions and staff Meanwhile, students are also doing more sport. were aware of the date and scenarios selected. Naturally, debriefing was held afterwards, which highlighted any members go to great lengths to allow students to prepare Moreover, in order to reinforce the idea of parent this is to maximize the element of surprise. Behind the failures or room for improvement that had been observed. nutritious meals at school. “If only we had a proper lab …” partnership, the school conducted a workshop aimed at scenes, however, the preparations were secretly going on came the cry. Thanks to Oiltanking Malta’s backing and teaching them the significance of a healthy breakfast. to evaluate any possible risks (both to humans or the And as the saying goes, “… there is no rest for the wicked …”: financial help, the school was furnished with a fully During a talk in the school hall, Carmen Tedesco, a well- infrastructure) that may be brought on by the drill itself. Some members of the terminal fire team were given the equipped kitchen, which was inaugurated on March 27, known TV personality, a former school director and home arduous task of washing the equipment and wet 2014. Assisting the school is only one part of Oiltanking economics teacher, gave practical hints on how to prepare infrastructure with fresh water. Malta’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) program; it nourishing, wholesome school lunches. A red pipeline means fire water Firefighters also follows up on previous donations made to the very connecting hoses to the fire hydrant. same school to build two libraries. As a healthy lifestyle goes hand in hand with environmental Place of action education, the school declared EkoSkola Malta* a A major fire fighting The possibility of gaining hands-on experience rounds off precedence by focusing heavily on recycling and making drill took place the school’s commitment to true healthy lifestyle choices. healthy lifestyle choices — something that is a prominent at the Oiltanking At the beginning of the school year, the staff evaluated the feature of the school ethos. The school’s efforts didn’t go terminal in Malta. school’s existing food and nutrition policy and revised it unnoticed, though: In 2013, it received the Healthy Lifestyle based on the current dietary guidelines issued by the World Award from the Health Eating Lifestyle Planning (HELP) Health Organization. Since then, the school has been as committee, which was initiated by the Maltese Ministry of busy as popcorn on a skillet to further promote the Education and Employment. awareness of good food. It also received some special * EkoSkola Malta: An initiative of the Maltese government in cooperation visitors. Mu Mu and Captain Kalc, two lovable characters, with the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) aimed at empowering students to adopt an active role in environmental decision- went to the school to inform the students all about the making and activities at their school and in their community.

26 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 27 Europe Europe Centerpiece of the waterway interchange With a trough length of 918 m, the canal bridge across the Elbe near Magdeburg between the Mittelland and Elbe-Havel canals is currently the longest in the world.

All roads lead to Rome and Magdeburg. The Hanseatic city, which was one of the most important towns in the Middle Ages, is not only well connected by road and rail, but also from the water. It forms the

intersection between the Elbe, © Bremer / MMKT Elbe-Havel and Mittelland Canal and boasts a major inland port. Significant link The Rothensee boat lift is north “Blue cross marvel of Magdeburg and connects the Mittellandkanal with The Magdeburg waterway the Elbe via the Elbeabstiegskanal. crossing completed in 2003 is the near Magdeburg” largest inland waterway facility in Europe and covers the area of a small town. As the waterways flow at different levels, sail across the Mittelland Canal through a lock system to picture: © MMKT GmbH (Werner Klapper) Manfred Stolpe, German Minister of Transport, Construction and Housing the crossing comprises an ensemble of several locks: the Magdeburg. Beyond the city, they then had to use the (2002–2005), at the official inauguration of the Magdeburg waterway interchange on October 10, 2003. Rothensee thrift lock, the Hohenwarthe double thrift lock, Elbe again to continue the journey on the Elbe-Havel the Rothensee lift lock and the trough bridge over the Canal. However, transport was out of the question when Elbe. water levels were low!

Thanks to its diverse facilities, the Even as early as the 1930s, there were plans to build a The new connection now saves Oiltanking customers who use Madgeburg waterway interchange canal bridge over the Elbe and thus add the missing link the Hamburg- route (and vice versa) around half a day. to the continuous waterway connection between the And the improved general navigability is perhaps even more has provided an east-west waterway Rhine and the Oder. The opening of the trough bridge was important. For the first time, large-scale, 110-m cargo vessel link that has been independent of the a “dream come true”, as the then president of the and 185-m push boat convoys with a load depth of up to 2.8 m River Elbe’s water level since 2003. Waterways and Shipping Directorate East, Achim and a tonnage of 3,500 t could pass Magdeburg. Pohlmann, put it. After all, from that moment on captains This carries major advantages for could cross the Elbe regardless of the water level and A total of approximately 70,000 cbm reinforced concrete was shipping, which the Oiltanking tank reach the Magdeburg ports from the Mittelland Canal all required for the construction of this “interchange”. 17 concrete terminals in Berlin and Hamburg also year round. pillars support the waterproof, 10,000-t trough, which was still curved upwards before it was put into operation. Only benefit from. after approximately 130,000 cbm of water had been let in did Significance for Oiltanking the bridge finally “get into shape” under the tremendous weight. A trip to the imposing waterway interchange is well While the Oiltanking tank terminals in Berlin and Hamburg worth it — and not just because of the architectural Central location The are well connected to the road and rail network, the masterpiece: The spectacular landscape also captivates Magdeburg waterway interchange shipping route is also extremely important for both visitors. forms an intersection between the ports of the North and Baltic seas locations. Before the trough bridge was completed, ships picture: ©FMD Flugdienst Magdeburg and increasing east-west traffic. en route from Hamburg to Berlin, for instance, first had to

28 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 29 CULTURAL EXPERIENCE CULTURAL EXPERIENCE

From MALTA TO HAMBURG TO AMSTERDAM Seven years the head office in Hamburg came my way. I can still recall them, such as canoeing on the Alster or visiting the famous how alien the notion of living abroad was to both of us. We Hamburg Christmas markets. were in the middle of refurbishing our dream house and putting all our ideas into place. Nevertheless, we jumped and counting at the chance to relocate. And off we went — all three of From Hamburg to Amsterdam us, of course, our dog Rex was a member of the team, too! When our sojourn in Hamburg drew to a close, we assumed that we would be heading back to our home country. From Malta to Hamburg However, another surprise was awaiting us: A move to Amsterdam with a job at the Oiltanking Europe Regional For various reasons, our time in Hamburg will always be Office that had just been set up there. After fewer than special for us. After all, there were lots of firsts, including three years, yet another new country, new city, new job living overseas, making new friends and experiencing and new neighbors to discover? What may sound somewhat different ways of life. Here, my wife and I also discovered tiring and like starting from square one sparked sheer that temperatures could actually go well below zero! excitement, enthusiasm and curiosity in us! Coming from Malta, we quickly realized why people talk about the weather so much in some parts of northern For those who have never lived in Amsterdam, the city Europe. For us, a cold day means 15° C. We also might just be a tourist spot with cute canals and tall, old, ascertained that having the occasional shower of rain from narrow houses. For residents, however, the city is so much June to August is nothing unusual, just like the chance of having snow during the wintertime!

Having colleagues from 13 countries was very different to that of working in Malta, but it was certainly a very enjoyable experience. I have very fond When Keith memories of the time I spent with Bezzina, born and raised in Malta, joined Oiltanking Malta in 2006, little did he know that he would soon be saying Birzebbuga - Hamburg - his farewells to the Mediterranean Amsterdam Three different locations in Europe but all PORTRAIT Keith Bezzina island in the sun to embark on a have a high affinity to water. picture: © www.viewingmalta.com joined Oiltanking in March bright career that has taken him 2006 as Assistant to the Finance Manager Oiltanking around mainland Europe over the Malta. In September 2007, he last seven years. moved to Hamburg to take up a position as International Controller at the Oiltanking When I joined Oiltanking Malta back in 2006, Corporate Center. Since the thought of moving to another country had September 2010, he has been never occurred to me. Then, unexpectedly for both working in Amsterdam as the Finance Manager at the my wife and me, this would all change just one and A true fan Once in Hamburg, Keith, a football enthusiast, Oiltanking Europe Regional Office. a half years later when the opportunity to work at soon became a big supporter of HSV (Hamburger Sport- Verein) which is known for its famous football teams.

30 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 31 Culture Experiences LATIN AMERICA

Getting into the swing of things Keith not only took a liking to living in the What a day: Water Day * World Water Day has been Netherlands but also the observed on March 22 since 1993 national color orange, as he when the United Nations General Assembly declared this day as demonstrates on Koningsdag at Oiltanking Colombia “World Day for Water”. or King’s Day.

As part of its annual Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Program, Oiltanking Colombia celebrated World Water Day* on March 22, 2014, with two events. One was geared toward the Oiltanking colleagues themselves, the other toward kids from a neighboring school and a rehabilitation center also located in the nearby community of Bellavista.

One of the first things colleagues from was the conclusion, prompting Oiltanking Colombia the Oiltanking terminal in Cartagena, to develop an improvement project. Thanks to the Colombia, saw in the office on March 22, donation, nine separate children’s washrooms, 2014, was something red: a 500 ml water including sinks, urinals, toilets and cubicles, bottle with the Oiltanking logo on it. They were installed. March 22 also marked the received it as a freebie as part of the eagerly anticipated official inauguration of the more than that: A vibrant and creative melting pot of 176 home towns and the barbeques on summer evenings. company’s Corporate Social Responsibility facilities, which benefit a total of 400 children different nationalities. In fact, for us, Amsterdam quickly Nevertheless, the truth is that living overseas has given us Program for this year, which kicked off on from a low-income background. Some of them became our home, a place where, again, we made new fresh insights and new friends to cherish for the rest of our the very same day as World Water Day*. remarked that they did not even have such friends. But above all, it is also the city were our first son lives. Instead of the beautiful blue waters of Malta, we now The bottle was intended to highlight the beautiful bathrooms as these in their own homes. was born. The excitement that a couple experiences when truly enjoy the greenery, parks and forests. We cherish the importance of consuming at least two liters “Thank you Oiltanking, we carry you in our they expect their first child takes on a whole new dimension seasons, in particular the fall with the changing colors of of liquid per day in order to maintain the hearts,” was another comment that tugged at the when living in a foreign country. Knowing that your close the leaves. Instead of fish, we love the mouthwatering balance of body fluids and sustain a Oiltanking colleagues’ heartstrings. relatives are not around the corner may cause some Currywurst (special kind of sausage) in Hamburg and the healthy lifestyle. Holding a conference as uneasiness but it encourages you to become more tasty pannekoeken (Dutch pancake) in Amsterdam. And in well as showing videos helped to raise the However, the campaign is not just about independent. place of the village festivals, every year we now look employees’ understanding of the rational bathrooms! The upgrade is only one of several forward to the national holiday Koningsdag or King’s Day use and preservation of this inestimable and CSR activities that Oiltanking Colombia has Message in a Learning and finding out about the customs and procedures (previously known as Queen’s Day). vital resource that is depleted, wasted and/or bottle Drink planned for 2014, for example workshops on school of giving birth in the Netherlands was an interesting contaminated by people every single day. As a more water — sanitation, hygiene and appreciation to foster a education in itself. It made us appreciate that things can Time flies when you are having fun. And the last seven result of the Oiltanking Water Day Campaign at stay healthy! sense of ownership and care for the new facilities be done differently to what we were used to — and that years have actually passed in the blink of an eye. They the terminal, colleagues now try to be more are in the pipeline. The bathrooms are also part of does not necessarily mean for the worse. were not only exciting and pleasurable but also a personal economical with their water consumption and reduce the the company’s CSR Master Plan for the community, which life-enriching learning experience. amount of waste. This approach is not only cost-efficient includes upgrading Bellavista Park — a newly built but also helps to protect the environment and eventually recreational space for children and adults alike. Away from home improve everybody’s health.

It would be wrong to say that living abroad is not The campaign also had two external events challenging on some occasions. Naturally, there are those which aimed at promoting awareness among moments when you long for your relatives and old friends children on how to use water correctly. To from back home or when you crave a particular food. I start with, an assessment of the sanitary Emotionally charged especially miss the Mediterranean Sea with its crystal- facility conditions was conducted at two Students prepared a clear waters and, of course, we yearn for fresh Also institutions in the Bellavista community next heartwarming Thank searching You Ceremony, which Mediterranean fish, the traditional village festivals in our to the Oiltanking terminal: Lirio de los Valles for a new included posters and adventure Rex Primary School and “IDI” (Instituto de cards expressing their is having a blast Rehabilitacion Integral), a rehabilitation gratitude and love for in the snow. center. “Unhealthy, dilapidated, and wasteful” Oiltanking.

32 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 33 India India

An innovative idea to build a small pond on the IOT terminal premises, IOT pond under construction in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, is an eco-friendly solution to secure an ample supply of water.

Water, a precious resource at effective answer to the water cannot be delivered on time. The construction sites, is not readily problem: They decided to collect pond was built strategically near preserves available in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, and keep rainwater in an artificial the pump house and the water is Central India, where IOT is pond to help them deal with the employed for construction constructing a terminal which will lack of water. purposes, for example the water be operated on a common user in the pond is used when erecting basis. Raipur is a land-locked city Consequently, a reservoir was the boundary walls of the terminal and receives less rainfall than excavated on site for a nominal and it is utilized in the processes India’s coastal cities. Since the cost before the construction work of grading and sand-filling. water table is usually well below actually got underway. As the the normal level in this region, monsoon season, which usually Even after having made very good most building sites here are lasts from June to September in use of the stored water throughout compelled to buy this important India, progressed the pond filled the year, a decent amount was still but scarce commodity, which up with rainwater, where it would at hand in April, which proves to presents many challenges and be stored for later use. the team that their idea to increases overall construction construct a pond on site can have costs. While building this reservoir was a far-reaching effect in ensuring not included in the terminal’s smooth flow of work. When the IOT team first began original design, incorporating it with the development of the not only preserves this invaluable terminal, the shortage of water in natural resource but also helps the area was one of great concern. ensure that the project can run This was when the team came up smoothly as the ready supply of Running out Water with an idea that would prove to water means that the work does is a scarce commodity be an eco-friendly and cost- not slow down because water in Raipur and an indispensable resource at construction sites.

Ingenious idea Rainwater is collected and stored at the IOT construction site in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, Central India.

34 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 35 North America North America

One of the largest barge Subtle cranes was used to lift and completely assembled and set the platform on new Dock 8/9. The construction onshore, brought in to the top of nine 42-inch piles. work got underway in June subsea Oiltanking facility on barges 2014 and will last for and placed on top of steel piles. approximately 100 days. The main platform (26 m in length and 20 m in width, Having this access will be a major advantage for Oiltanking solution weighing more than 140 t) and all the pipelines below it Houston due to the fact that there are many proposed were also entirely prefabricated at the contractor’s yard waterfront and dock projects in the Houston Ship Channel before being transported to the site on two barges. One and essentially no solution for most of the disposal of of the largest barge cranes currently on the Houston Ship dredge material. Channel (aptly nick-named “Big John”) was used to lift and set the platform on top of nine 42-inch piles. The new dock, which is scheduled to be in full operation by end-November 2014, will expand the capabilities of To accommodate this new finger pier, 764,000 cbm of the Houston terminal further to cement Oiltanking’s material had to be removed from the site. During the position as the premier in the Houston Ship permit process for material disposal, Oiltanking learned Channel, which boasts the busiest third-party vessel that the federal disposal sites were due to be closed by traffic in the Houston Ship Channel. the Army Corps of Engineers to guarantee capacity for the Commissioning a colossus The main platform of the pier, measuring maintenance dredging of the 26 m in length and 20 m in width, weighing more than 140 t. Houston Ship Channel. This Here comes setback forced Oiltanking to “Big John” reevaluate its options and One of the come up with a creative largest disposal solution, adjust its barge cranes currently on fabrication and construction the Houston timeline and modify the Ship Channel planned outages for Dock 8. helped to lift and position First, Oiltanking excavated the platform. as much dry material as The current construction of a new finger pier at Oiltanking Houston, Texas, USA, faces possible and disposed of it in various engineering challenges. Finishing the laying of an eight-kilometer subsea pipeline an onshore landfill. However, this was not enough. Working is just one that needs to be overcome before the dock's scheduled operation launch in closely with Oiltanking’s November 2014. marine contractor, a stretch of land was identified near Oiltanking Houston is at present constructing a new the construction work has to be scheduled in phases and the terminal that could serve finger pier (Dock 8/9) east of Dock 6/7, effectively in such a way that the impact on the ongoing operations as a dredge disposal site. replacing the old Dock 8. With its two deep-water vessel at the existing dock are minimal and ensure that the Laying an eight-kilometer berths, the state-of-the-art dock will be able to handle requirements of Oiltanking’s customers are met at all subsea pipeline from the vessels that are up to 274 m long and 43 m wide, loading times. terminal to this site will allow and unloading products such as crude, condensate, Oiltanking Houston to be the naphtha and bunker fuels. One of the challenges when In order to do so, Oiltanking opted to use prefabricated first to use the site with the building this dock is the need to keep the existing Dock 8 steel structures to build the pier. The access trestle, ability to dredge the bulk of operational for as long as possible. This means that all mooring towers and gangway platform were modularized its proposed basin for the

36 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 37 Latin America Latin America

The beginning Participants at the event get together and put their boats to water.

On March 23, 2014, the Jucu River, rising in the highlands of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, became the central point of the special attention of about 1,500 people. Despite the downpour, they gathered in celebration of World Water Day and watched the 25th Ecological Descent on the Jucu River. The objective of the campaign is to raise awareness of the significance of this river, which supplies water to 60 percent of Vitória, and thus to more than one million people, including Vila Velha. Some of the many benefits of the river basin are power generation, industrial development and water supply, for example. However, the showered with attention Jucu River is facing major problems such as siltation, untreated sewage, deforestation, erosion and occupancy of the river margins.

The quite traditional and important event was supported by municipalities, local Significant supporters government and various private companies. (from left) Hugleydson Thom, The latter included Oiltanking Terminais, which has Renato Correa, Vilmar Souza and Thiago Motta from become passionately dedicated to backing the Oiltanking Terminais helped preservation of the Jucu River. The company not only to raise awareness of the Canoeing for supported the campaign financially, but four importance of the Jucu River. a cause The 25th In celebration of World Water Day, Oiltanking colleagues also got actively involved this year. Renato Ecological Descent th Correa (HSSE Coordinator), Vilmar Souza (Terminal of 20.3 km went Terminais supported the 25 Ecological Manager), Hugleydson Thom (Maintenance network, retaining walls, a water treatment from the city of Descent on the Jucu River on March 23, 2014. Viana to the mouth Supervisor) and Thiago Motta (Operation Coordinator) network and seven pumping stations, of the Jucu River. The event focused on the preservation of the helped with the logistics for the descent of 20.3 km which will ensure 100 percent treated river, which supplies water to the whole from the city of Viana to the river mouth in the sewage in the neighboring regions of municipality of Vila Velha. Canaan and Universal, according to the metropolitan area of Vitória, including the Municipal Technical Works (Semob). This city of Vila Velha where Oiltanking’s terminal Promoting this 25th Ecological Descent is also part of endeavor will contribute to a better quality is located. the enormous sanitation investment that Viana is of life for more than 3,500 families through aiming for. The project, which will cost approximately community development, health and 4.6 million euros, is part of the Growth Acceleration environmental education and generation Plan (PAC 2). It includes construction work on water of employment and income during the supply, paving, sanitary sewers, minor drainage execution of the works.

38 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 39 People & Places People & Places

HSSE-Award The HSSE Award was presented at the Oiltanking Spring Meeting again this year. Introduced at Oiltanking in 2008, the award takes the following indicators into account: Accident frequency, In a accident severity, fires & explosions, product spills, product contaminations, material damages and the reporting system (near miss reporting, quality, nutshell timeliness). Every year, one profit centre is awarded the prize for the best HSSE performance (Golden Lighthouse) North America After a construction period of nine months, March 11, 2014, was and another for the best improvement the memorable day when colleagues of Oiltanking Texas City eventually cut the ribbon and in HSSE (White Lighthouse). In 2013, And the winners are Rein Manniste commissioned the remodeled the prizes went to the following tank (left) and Alexander Alexandrov accepted the awards for their teams. Dock 65 (see connections 26/1). terminals: Equipped with two additional berths, more barges can now be • Oiltanking in Varna handled simultaneously with a Golden Lighthouse for the faster turnaround time. The first best performance ones to be discharged were barges • Oiltanking in Estonia WEB 306 and WEB 308, each White Lighthouse for the South Africa At the beginning carrying 30,000 barrels of best improvement of April 2014, Oiltanking MOGS Saldanha naphtha. received an environmental permit for the development and operation of a commercial crude oil blending and storage terminal in Saldanha Bay. Twelve in-ground concrete tanks comprising a total capacity of 13.2 m barrels will be designed in an innovative, environmentally-friendly manner. The construction is expected to start during the See you at EPCA? This year’s annual second quarter of 2015 and will take meeting of the European Petrochemical Association approximately 18 to 24 months for the first (EPCA) takes place in Vienna, Austria, from October 4 four tanks to become operational. to 8, 2014. This unique global network event for the chemical business community is the perfect platform to exchange information and discuss the latest trends and issues facing the global chemical industry. Oiltanking colleagues from various international terminals will also be among the delegates. You’ll find them at Oiltanking’s meeting point at the Hilton Hotel. Bright bookworm! You’re never too young (or too old) for connections, as our (in all probability) youngest reader shows! According to Ann Beaver from the Promising performance Oiltanking’s accounts department in Oiltanking North America, Houston, her 28-month-old grandson booth, which was well-frequented last year, Grayson Garner loves numbers and letters. When he spotted her latest issue of also aims to be a great success in 2014. connections, he grabbed it, ran to a chair and explored it for about 15 minutes!

40 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 41 Leisure & Entertainment Leisure & Entertainment

A maze in water The following might just sound like diluted information, but it is the truth and an interesting geographical superlative (fear not if you have to read it twice). The largest island in a lake on an quatic island in a lake on an island is Vulcan point in Crater Lake on Volcano Island in Taal on Luzon amazement in the Philippines. In the past, massive volcanic explosions triggered depressions that eventually Water covers 70 percent of the planet Earth. formed the lake, while subsequent volcanism We take you on a trip around the world, built up the islands within it. Taal, which is only approx. 50 km outside Manila, the capital of the stopping off at some places which we settled Get the point That tiny little Philippines, is considered to be one of the 10 on for their special relationship with, island is Vulcan Point within the most potentially deadly volcanoes. Once a salt- crater lake Tal Volcano. naturally, water! water bay, it turned fresh after it was separated from the sea. This gave a number of oceanic species time to adjust to freshwater conditions. Now it supports freshwater sardines and is home to one Take the plunge of the world's rarest sea snakes, Hydrophis semperi. If you are looking for fresh ideas on how to spend your idea? The best time to experience the mysterious vacation and are still undecided as to whether to pass depths during this dive lasting 15 to 20 minutes is away the days in a snowy winter wonderland or go from early December to mid-April. Bread and water diving in turquoise warm waters, here's Rising from the mountains of a cool combination: ice diving! The Burundi and Ruanda, the River Nile 40 m deep natural lake Tignes, approximately 6,650 km in length is France, at an altitude above regarded as the longest river in 2,000 m could very well be Africa and the world. Although it is what you are looking for. generally associated with Egypt, The ice dive begins with a only 22 percent of the Nile’s course few round holes carved into actually runs through the country. the ice, the thickness of For Ancient Egypt, the river was which varies from 30 to 150 hugely significant. Since rainfall is cm depending on the month. almost non-existent in this part of Once submerged, divers will the world, the annual Nile floods be mesmerized by the were vital as they left behind mud dancing air bubbles moving which was the only source of

under the ice. The play of moisture to sustain crops. picture: © Sebastian Niedlich, www.hieroglyphen.de sunlight on the ice or even Therefore, farming the land took the moonlight for those who place along the River Nile. To Readings from the Al- dare to dive at night is measure the rise and fall of the can be reached by steps that curl Rawda Nilometer If the stunning. However for some river, and thus predict the fortunes around the chamber housing the water rose to 16 cubits (a cubit is about the length of people the thought of ice diving makes their of the annual harvest, the Al-Rawda column. The Al-Rawda Nilometer a forearm), the harvest was blood run cold, maybe you can warm up to the Nilometer was constructed. It is and another one in Aswan in likely to be good, however any located at the southernmost tip of southern Egypt were continuously higher and the flooding could Cairo’s Al-Rawda (Roda) Island and in use until the 20th century, prove to be disastrous, while dates back to about 715 AD. It however after completion of the lower levels foreboded hunger. Under the ice Although the consists of a measuring device, or a Aswan High Dam in 1970 they immersion is not so deep — only between two and seven meters — the graduated column that extends became redundant as instruments all pictures: ©Tignes Développement impression will be everlasting. below the level of the Nile, which of modern hydrological survey.

42 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 43 Leisure & Entertainment Leisure & Entertainment

Water trivia facts The Waving Wall of Chalkwell

A small drip Water covers 70 Today 768 million people do not have from a faucet can percent of the planet an improved source of drinking water. waste as much Earth, yet only three as 75 l of water percent of it is Water regulates the a day. fresh water. temperature of the human body; if you develop a fever you should drink lots of water. The UN suggests that each person needs from 20 to 25 l of water a day to Located in the western It takes an average of ensure their basic needs Pacific Ocean, to the 3,000 l of water to for drinking, cooking east of the Mariana produce one person's and cleaning. Islands, the Mariana daily food. Trench is the deepest Pictures: © holdup, www.holduparchitecture.com known point in the Washing hands world's oceans. with soap can reduce the risk of More than life, water is a world heritage diarrheal diseases by that passed from a life form to another up to 47 percent. for billions of years. As the distribution of water on the globe is unequal, none By the time a person should forget how precious it is. Keeping this in mind the eco-conscious street art Up to 60 feels thirsty, his/her called The Waving Wall of Chalkwell aims to percent of body has lost one percent visualize the long journey water takes and raises an adult's body of its total water amount. awareness of the concept of embedded water (the is made up of water amount of water used to produce specific products). Lola (e.g. the human brain and On average every Pedro and Guillaume Jounet, BLOO NATION, designed heart are composed of (circa): kilogram of seawater this art installation comprising over 1,200 19 l water 73 percent, lungs: 83 percent, contains around 35 g cooler bottles. It was commissioned by Metal Culture and skin: 64 percent, muscles and of dissolved salt. unveiled in mid-2011 in Southend-on-Sea, England. kidneys: 79 percent, bones: 31 percent), (H.H. Mitchell, Journal of Biological Chemistry 158). Water can move up narrow tubes against the force of gravity in a phenomenon known as capillary action.

“Take the time to plant seeds even if you're unsure if they'll grow; who knows, maybe all it takes is for someone else to come along and water it.” Kai Mann, contemporary author and writer

44 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 45 734094545239523082 Leisure & Entertainment READER' S CORNER 403479234802340823 ... and action! 840238042480524805 Try to solve our riddle and don't miss out on the chance to win! Please send your entries to: [email protected], or contact us by post: Oiltanking GmbH, connections Team, Admiralitaetstrasse 55, 248602486024680246NUMBER 20459 Hamburg, Germany, or by fax: +49 40 370 99-499. 802468024473462345 CONGRATULATIONS 784025072358249502 Quiz solution Remember the name of our last puzzle? “V” because readers painstakingly had to put V-shaped pieces of paper together to form a star-like ball. Now we can truly say that the “V” also stands for victory as a flood of readers sent in pictures with their perfect-fitting spheres. Cas Granetia, Oiltanking Amsterdam, Bagus 935802357023758245 Maryanto, PT Oiltanking Merak, Anthony Mendoza Silva, Consorcio Terminales, Treston Minuti, Oiltanking Malta, Jose Llera-Llerandi, Oiltanking Stolthaven Antwerp and Esteban Reyes, Oiltanking Texas City, 166 who emerged victoriously and were among the 823507235087230750 winners drawn from a hat, can trust us when we say berths that their well-earned bike helmets will be shipped 166 off to them here and now. 582375235976956892 Should you not be so familiar with where a vessel can be moored alongside. nautical terminology, then the terms jetty, Particularly on rivers with fluctuating NEW QUIZ dock and berth can be a bit confusing. water levels a flotation device – a And it does not exactly help either if pontoon – is used which is connected to 734094545239523082“professionals” loosely exchange the shore via a gangway. Whereas marine See you? terms. While they prefer the term dock in platforms are located offshore and can the US, they talk about jetty, quay or be reached by boat only. A captain tells his crew a captain speaks in a whisper and reveals berth in other locations — even though spooky story about four that the sea monster’s spell will never 403479234802340823they are all referring to similar things. The size of the berths used for general or ships that were once allow these ships to meet again at the specific types of ships can vary from 5 to anchored together at the harbor. Is he spinning a yarn? Do the In nautical terms, a berth is the designated 10 m for a small boat in a marina to over same harbor and then ships meet again and, if so, after how location where a vessel can be moored 400 m for large tankers. The berth’s left it at the same time. many weeks? A blue Oiltanking jacket safely, usually for the purpose of loading suitability is determined by the ship’s They had been placed (don’t forget to quote your size (L or 840238042480524805and unloading. This takes place on a jetty, characteristics (e.g. lengths, draft) and under a curse: The first XL)) awaits the reader who steers onto quay, pontoon or platform. A jetty is a not all berths are equipped to handle one had to return to the right course. structure, protruding from shore and all cargoes. As of April 2014, the same port every four incorporating a support platform to Oiltanking has been operating 166 weeks, the second one By the way, the final port of call for 248602486024680246which ships may moor to. Jetties berths worldwide. In other every eight weeks, the third your entries is week 38, 2014. “Fair can be of T-shape, L-shape or words, when all the berths one every twelve weeks and the winds and following seas” and good finger pier design. A quay is a are occupied 166 ships are fourth one every sixteen weeks. The luck to all of you! 802468024473462345solid structure of a harbor, docked. Simple! 78402507235824950246 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS 47 935802357023758245 823507235087230750 582375235976956892 Last but not Least

If visiting museums is normally not flagged up high on your agenda, then maybe MUSA (Museo Subacuático de Arte) will get you going. This monumental underwater contemporary museum of art was formed in the waters surrounding Cancun, Isla Mujeres and Punta Nizuc in 2009 by Jaime González Cano, Roberto Díaz Abraham and Jason Mesmerizing deCaires Taylor, who wanted to do something about the damage to the natural reef in the area. Consequently the museum aims to museum demonstrate the interaction between art and environmental science and establish a complex reef structure for marine life to colonize and inhabit whilst increasing biomass on a grand scale. Over 500 life-size sculptures, made from pH-neutral special materials to promote aquatic life, are fixed to the seabed. These permanent installations occupy an area of over 420 m2 of barren substrate weighing over 200 t. The MUSA is divided into two galleries called Salon Manchones Lasting Impression and Salon Nizuc. The first one is eight meters deep and The "Gardener of Hope" by Jason deCaires Taylor, suitable for both divers and snorkelers, while the second just one of over 500 one with a depth of four meters is only permitted for

striking sculptures snorkeling. For those who want to stay dry, glass- ©Bildkunst “The Gardener of Hope” by Jason deCaires Taylor / VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2014 which are set out bottom boats are also available. under water.