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20 Analisis Assembly Line Balancing Untuk Mengoptimalkan Produksi

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20 Analisis Assembly Line Balancing Untuk Mengoptimalkan Produksi Jurnal REKOMEN (Riset Ekonomi Manajemen) Vol 3 No 1 2019 Analisis Assembly Line Balancing Untuk Mengoptimalkan Produksi Pisau di Perusahaan T. Kardin Pisau Indonesia Alkadri Kusalendra Siharis a, Imelda Junita b, Budi Rahardjo c aUniversitas Tidar, bUniversitas Kristen Maranatha, cUniversitas Tidar [email protected] ABSTRAK. Perusahaan T. Kardin Pisau Indonesia adalah perusahaan yang memproduksi pisau buatan tangan dengan karya an yang terspesialisasi pada pekerjaannya. Perusahaan ini berusaha untuk mengoptimalkan produksi pisau buatannya dengan meminimalkan aktu menganggur yang pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan produktivitas karya an. Adanya tingkat kesulitan pengerjaan yang berbeda-beda menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan aktu pengerjaan tugas antar karya an. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memberi gambaran peranan strategi penyeimbangan lini untuk mengoptimalkan produksi pisau di perusahaan Pisau Indonesia. Strategi yang digunakan adalah setiap karya an mengerjakan pekerjaan yang berbeda hingga selesai dan kemudian membantu pekerjaan karya an lain yang belum selesai. Metode penyeimbangan lini adalah kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk memindahkan satu tugas dari satu orang ke orang lainnya yang pada akhirnya menciptakan keseimbangan aktu antara pekerja di suatu stasiun dan pekerja di stasiun lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bah a dengan menggunakan strategi ini diperoleh tingkat efisiensi produksi sebesar 79.02% untuk proses 1 dan .79.4.% untuk proses 2. Kata kunci/ line balancing 0 stasiun kerja0 efisiensi ABSTRACT. T. Kardin Pisau Indonesia Company is a company that produces handmade knives with employees who specialize in their work. The company is trying to optimize the production of its knives by minimizing idle time which will ultimately increase employee productivity. The existence of different levels of difficulty in the workmanship causes an imbalance of work time between employees. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the role of line balancing strategies to optimize knife production in the Indonesian Knife company. The strategy used is that each employee does a different job to finish and then helps the work of other employees who have not finished. Line balancing method is an activity that aims to move one task from one person to another, which in turn creates a balance of time between workers at one station and workers at other stations. The results showed that using this strategy obtained a level of production efficiency of 79.02% for process 1 and .79.48% for process 2. Keyword: line balancing; work station; efficiency 20 Jurnal REKOMEN (Riset Ekonomi Manajemen) Vol 3 No 1 2019 PENDAHULUAN Terdapat beberapa pendekatan tata letak yang dapat digunakan oleh perusahaan, Perusahaan yang sukses dalam merancang salah satunya adalah tata letak berorientasi dan menyediakan barang dan jasa di pada produk. Hei2er 3 Render 120115 seluruh dunia adalah perusahaan yang menyatakan bah a tata letak berorientasi memahami manajemen operasi. Produk produk memiliki tujuan mencari utilisasi yang dihasilkan perusahaan tersebut karya an dan mesin yang paling baik dalam digunakan untuk meningkatkan proses yang terus-menerus atau berulang. kesejahteraan masyarakat 1Hei2er 3 Salah satu masalah utama yang sering Render 20115. Terkait dengan manajemen terjadi dalam perencanaan tata letak yang operasi, maka salah satu cara yang dapat berorientsi produk adalah dilakukan perusahaan untuk meningkatkan menyeimbangkan output pada setiap efisiensi adalah dengan menyusun tata letak stasiun kerja dalam lini produksi sehingga fasilitas 1 layout 5 pabrik dan mengatur diperoleh jumlah output yang diinginkan keseimbangan lini 1l ine balancing 5 pada 1Hei2er 3 Render 20115. organisasi. Perusahaan Pisau Indonesia adalah Reid 3 Sanders 120115 menyatakan perusahaan penghasil pisau buatan tangan pengaturan tata letak memiliki dampak 1handmade 5 yang berlokasi di 9andung yang yang signifikan terhadap produktivitas. didirikan oleh 9apak Teddy Kardin. 9apak Tata letak yang buruk akan menyebabkan Teddy Kardin adalah seorang mantan banyak aktu terbuang, dan menciptakan anggota Komandan Pasukan Khusus suasana yang kacau sedangkan tata letak 1KOPASUS5 dan pisau buatannya banyak yang baik dapat membantu menciptakan digunakan oleh Tentara Nasional hubungan kerja yang baik meningkatkan Indonesia 1TNI5, mulai dari Angkatan aliran informasi dan meningkatkan Udara 1AU5, Angkatan Darat 1AD5, dan komunikasi antar karya an. Angkatan Laut 1AL5. Perusahaan Pisau Kumar 3 Suresh 120095 menyatakan Indonesia memiliki karya an yang bah a tata letak memiliki tujuan utama/ terspesialisasi pada bagian-bagian tertentu 1. Mempersingkat aliran bahan baku sesuai dengan keterampilannya dimana melalui tata letak. setiap bagian tersebut memiliki tingkat 2. Memfasilitasi proses manufaktur kesulitan pengerjaan yang berbeda-beda. 3. Mempertahankan tingkat perputaran Tingkat kesulitan pekerjaan yang berbeda- barang dalam proses. beda di Perusahaan Pisau Indonesia 4. Meminimalisasi biaya bahan baku. menimbulkan ketidakseimbangan aktu 7. Penggunaan tenaga kerja, peralatan dan pengerjaan antara karya an yang ruangan secara efektif. mengerjakan satu pekerjaan dengan 8. Menciptakan penggunaan kubik pekerjaan lainnya. Ketidak seimbangan ruangan yang efektif. aktu pengerjaan menyebabkan 7. Pengaturan operasi manufaktur yang fleksibel. tertumpuknya pekerjaan pada bagian .. Menyediakan kebutuhan tenaga kerja, tertentu sehingga produk yang dihasilkan keamanan dan kenyamanan. menjadi tidak maksimal. 9. Meminimalisasi investasi dalam Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk peralatan. mengatasi masalah ketidak seimbangan 10. Meminimalisasi aktu produksi aktu pengerjaan adalah dengan keseluruhan menerapkan konsep assembly line balancing . 11. Mempertahankan fleksibilitas operasi Lini perakitan bertujuan untuk mencari dan pengaturan. utilisasi karya an yang paling baik yang 12. Memfasilitasi struktur organisasi. dilakukan dengan cara memindahkan satu 21 Jurnal REKOMEN (Riset Ekonomi Manajemen) Vol 3 No 1 2019 tugas dari satu orang ke orang lainnya yang C = t/u ???????.. 115 pada akhirnya akan menciptakan terjadinya Keterangan/ keseimbangan aktu antara satu orang pekerja pada satu stasiun kerja dan satu C A aktu siklus orang pekerja lain pada stasiun kerja t A aktu produksi per hari berikutnya. u A unit yang perlu dihasilkan/hari Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bottle neck yang terjadi di 2. Cumlah stasiun kerja secara teoritis. perusahaan T. Kardin Pisau Indonesia, Cumlah ini merupakan aktu pengerjaan menjelaskan pengaturan keseimbangan lini tugas total 1 aktu yang dibutuhkan 1line balancing 5 yang selama ini digunakan untuk membuat produk dibagi dengan perusahaan T. Kardin Pisau Indonesia dan, aktu siklus5, jumlah stasiun yang menjelaskan pengaturan keseimbangan lini dibutuhkan dihitung melalui persamaan 1line balancing 5 yang dapat mengoptimalkan 2 produksi di perusahaan T. Kardin Pisau N = T/C ???????.. 125 Indonesia. N A jumlah stasiun secara teoritis T A total aktu yang dibutuhkan METODE untuk membuat produk Desain penelitian ini adalah studi kasus yang bersifat deskriptif pada perusahaan T. C A aktu siklus Kardin Pisau Indonesia. Pengumpulan data 3. Keseimbangan yang efisien dapat dilakukan dengan metode a ancara melengkapi perakitan yang dibutuhkan mendalam dengan pemilik perusahaan T. mengikuti aturan yang telah ditentukan Kardin Pisau Indonesia dan observasi dan menjaga supaya aktu kosong pada untuk melihat kondisi prusahaan secara setiap stasiun kerja tetap minimal. langsung. Efisiensi keseimbangan lini dapat Analisis penyeimbangan lini melalui tiga dihitung melalui persamaan 3. langkah proses yaitu/ E= ∑tg/(∑n x Cx) ???.. 135 1. Waktu siklus 1 Cycle time 5 diperoleh Keterangan/ dengan cara aktu produksi yang tersedia per hari dibagi dengan unit yang E A Efisiensi perlu dihasilkan setiap hari, perhitungan tg A aktu tugas aktu siklu dihitung melalui persamaan n A stasiun kerja sebenarnya 1. CE A aktu siklus terbesar Secara garis besar alur penelitian dapat dilihat pada Gambar 1 . 22 Jurnal REKOMEN (Riset Ekonomi Manajemen) Vol 3 No 1 2019 Gambar 1. Kerangka penelitian HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN buatan Perusahaan T. Kardin Pisau Indonesia. Perusahaan juga menerima Profil perusahaan pembuatan pisau dengan desain dari pelanggan dengan biaya yang tergantung Perusahaan T. Kardin Pisau Indonesia pada tingkat kesulitan pengerjaan dan didirikan oleh Teddy Sutadi Kardin yang bahan baku yang digunakan. berlokasi di 9andung. Saat ini perusahaan Perusahaan Pisau Indonesia memproduksi Teddy Kardin telah memiliki 40 1empat pisau setiap hari kerja 1Senin-Cumat5 kecuali puluh5 orang karya an yang mampu pada hari libur pekerjaan dilakukan sejak memproduksi F300 bilah pisau dalam 1 pukul 0./00-18/00 WI9 dan hari sabtu sejak bulan. 9ahan baku untuk pembuatan Pisau 0./00-13/00 WI9. yang digunakan saat ini yaitu/ O1, D2, 440C, ATS-34 standar AISI 1American Proses produksi di Perusahaan T. Kardin Iron and Steel Institute5 serta baja Pisau Indonesia melalui tahap mencetak Damascus yang sudah dikenal luas oleh dan mendesain jenis-jenis pisau yang akan pecinta pisau. dibuat dalam lempengan besar menggunakan pensil/spidol dan kemudian Pisau-pisau yang diproduksi oleh memotong lempengan tersebut sesuai Perusahaan T. Kardin Pisau Indonesia dengan jenis pisau yang akan dibuat. antara lain Survival knife, Skinner, Kukri, Kemudian lempengan yang sudah Commando, Special Force, Hunting Knife, terpotong dibor sesuai dengan gambar Golok, Katana, Pisau Dapur, termasuk yang telah dibuat dan dirapihkan. Desain
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