IMfinity® Liquid cooled motors - LC series
3-phase induction motors IE3 Premium efficiency Variable and fixed speed Frame size 315 to 500 150 to 1500 kW The LC induction motors in this catalog are designed to achieve very high efficiency levels and operate at variable speed.
This catalog contains technical information about motors in the IE3 efficiency class (Premium efficiency) which can be used on an A.C. supply and also on a drive.
On request, Leroy-Somer is able to offer IE4 motor solutions.
All the motors in this catalog can be used at variable speed depending on the specified conditions.
All 2, 4 and 6-pole motors, rated 0.75 to 375 kW, offered for sale on the European Union market must be efficiency class IE3 or IE2 and used with a variable speed drive: - from 01/01/2015 for 7.5 to 375 kW ratings - from 01/01/2017 for 0.75 to 375 kW ratings
In addition, to be eligible for efficiency class IE3, the water inlet temperature for water-cooled motors must be between 0°C and 32°C. IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors
Contents
GENERAL TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Introduction...... 4 Designation...... 50 Quality Commitment...... 5 Identification...... 51 Directive and Standards Relating to Motor Efficiency...... 6 Description of an LC Motor basic conception...... 53 Standards and Approvals...... 7 Cooling...... 54 Regulations in the Main Countries ...... 10 Standard Equipment...... 56
ENVIRONMENT Optional Features...... 57 Definition of “Index of Protection”...... 11 Handling...... 58 Environmental Limitations...... 12 Impregnation and Enhanced Protection...... 13 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Heating...... 14 IE3 Mains Supply...... 59 External Finish...... 15 IE3 Variable Speed Drive Supply...... 61 Interference Suppression and Protection of People...... 16 Terminal Block Connection...... 63
CONSTRUCTION Bearings and Bearing Life...... 17 MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS Lubrication and Maintenance of Bearings...... 18 Mounting Arrangements...... 64 Terminal Box Connection...... 65 OPERATION Dimensions of Shaft Extensions...... 69 Duty Cycle - Definitions...... 19 Supply Voltage...... 22 Dimensions of Foot Mounted IM 1001 (IM B3)...... 70 Insulation Class - Temperature Rise and Dimensions of Foot and Flange Mounted IM 2001 Thermal Reserve...... 24 (IM B35)...... 71 Starting Times and Starting Current...... 25 Dimensions of Flange Mounted IM 3001 (IM B5) Power - Torque - Efficiency - Power Factor (Cos ɸ)...... 26 IM 3011 (IMV1)...... 72 Noise Level...... 29 Dimensions - Water Connecting Flange...... 73 Weighted Sound Level [dB(A)...... 30 Bearings and Lubrication...... 74 Vibrations...... 31 Performance...... 33 Axial Loads...... 75 Starting Methods for Induction Motors...... 34 Radial Loads...... 77 Braking...... 38
Use with a Variable Speed Drive...... 40 APPENDIX...... 83 Operation as an Asynchronous Generator...... 47 Configurator...... 91 Special Environments...... 49
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 3 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors General Introduction
In this catalog, Leroy-Somer describes high-efficiency liquid-cooled induction motors. These motors have been designed to incorporate the latest European standards, and can satisfy most of industry's demands. They are par excellence the leading products on the Leroy-Somer liquid-cooled IMfinity® platform.
Platform IMfinity®
LS LSES FLSES PLSES LC Non-IE IE2 - IE3 IE2 - IE3 IE3 IE3 Aluminum IP55 Aluminum IP55 Cast iron IP55 IP23 Liquid-cooled/IP55 Frame size 56 to 225 mm Frame size 80 to 315 mm Frame size 80 to 450 mm Frame size 225 to 450 mm Frame size 315 to 500 mm 2, 4 and 6 poles 2, 4 and 6 poles 2, 4 and 6 poles 2 and 4 poles 2, 4 and 6 poles 0.09 to 45 kW 0.75 to 200 kW 0.75 to 900 kW 55 to 900 kW 150 to 1500 kW
Liquid-cooled motors are particularly suitable for and are used in applications requiring a low noise level, high output power with IP55 protection, compact dimensions and operation on a drive.
Advantages - Motor cooled by a water circuit integrated in the housing (IC71W) - Reduced noise level: the water cooling system means the fan is no longer necessary and ensures a reduced noise level (between 60 and 80 dB (A) in LpA - IE3 Premium efficiency across the whole range: 150 to 1500 kW - 2, 4 & 6-pole - Compact design: weight and dimensions can be as much as 25% less than an air-cooled IP55 motor, and as much as 55% less than an IP55 motor cooled by an air/water exchanger (IC81W) - Degree of protection higher than IP55 (e.g.: IP56) as an option - Motor adapted for use at constant torque across the entire speed range from 0 to 50 Hz, without derating. The motor is always cooled, whatever the point of operation. - Reduced vibration level - Heat recovery thanks to dissipation of losses by an external water circuit
Application areas - Marine: main propulsion and bow thruster units, equipment on the bridge of the ship - Test benches: automotive, aeronautics - Pumps, compressors, agitators, mixers - Plastics industries: extrusion and plastic injection machines - Hydraulic turbines - Heavy industries: iron and steel, cement, chemical industries
4 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors General Quality Assurance
Leroy-Somer's quality management Personnel are trained and take part in Products for particular applications or system is based on: the analyses and the actions for those designed to operate in specific - Tight control of procedures right from continuously improving the procedures. environments are also approved or the initial sales offering through to certified by the following organizations: LCIE, DNV, INERIS, EFECTIS, UL, delivery to the customer, including the A special study of the motors in this BSRIA, TUV, GOST, which check their design process, manufacturing start- catalog has been conducted to measure technical performance against the up and production. the impact of their life cycle on the various standards or recommendations. - A total quality policy based on making environment. This eco-design process continuous progress in improving has resulted in the creation of a “Product operational procedures, involving all Environmental Profile” (references departments in the company in order 4592/4950/4951). to give customer satisfaction as regards delivery times, conformity and Leroy-Somer has entrusted the cost. certification of its expertise to various - Indicators used to monitor process international organizations. performance. Certification is granted by independent - Corrective actions and advancements professional auditors, and recognizes with tools such as FMECA, QFD, the high standards of the company's MAVP, MSP/MSQ and Hoshin type quality assurance procedures. All improvement workshops on flows, activities resulting in the final version of process re-engineering, plus Lean the machine have therefore received Manufacturing and Lean Office. official ISO 9001:2008 certification from - Annual surveys, opinion polls and the DNV. regular visits to customers in order to Similarly, our environmental approach ascertain and detect their expectations. has enabled us to obtain ISO 14001: 2004 certification.
ISO 9001 : 2008
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 5 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors General Directive and Standards Relating to Motor Efficiency
There have been a number of changes STANDARD FOR MEASURING Efficiency classes Efficiency level to the standards and new standards THE EFFICIENCY OF created in recent years. They mainly IE1 Standard concern motor efficiency and their ELECTRIC MOTORS: IEC scope includes measurement methods 60034-2-1 (September 2007) IE2 High and motor classification. Standard IEC 60034-2-1 concerns IE3 Premium Regulations are gradually being asynchronous induction motors: implemented, both nationally and IE4 Super Premium - Single-phase and three-phase with internationally, in many countries in order power ratings of 1 kW or less. The to promote the use of high-efficiency preferred method is the D.O.L. This standard only defines efficiency motors (Europe, USA, Canada, Brazil, method classes and their conditions. It is Australia, New Zealand, Korea, China, - Three-phase motors with power then up to each country to define the Israel, etc.). efficiency classes and the exact scope The new generation of Premium ratings above 1 kW. The preferred of application. efficiency three-phase induction motors method is the summation of losses responds to changes in the standards method with the total of additional as well as the latest demands of system losses measured. EUROPEAN DIRECTIVE ErP integrators and users. Comments: Motors concerned: 2-, 4- and 6-pole induction motors between 0.75 and - The standard for efficiency 375 kW. STANDARD IEC 60034-30-1 measurement is very similar to the Obligation to place high-efficiency (January 2014) defines the principle IEEE 112-B method used in North America. or Premium efficiency motors on the to be adopted and brings global market: harmonization to energy efficiency - Since the measurement method is - IE2 class from 16 June 2011 classes for electric motors throughout different, this means that for the same the world. motor, the rated value will be different - Class IE3* from 1 January 2015 for (usually lower) with IEC 60034-2-1 than power ratings from 7.5 to 375 kW Motors concerned with IEC 60034-2. - Class IE3* from 1 January 2017 for Induction or permanent magnet, single- power ratings from 7.5 to 375 kW phase and three-phase single-speed The European Commission is currently cage motors, on a sinusoidal A.C. working to define minimum efficiency supply. DIRECTIVE 2009/125/EC values for drives. Scope: (21 October 2009) * or IE2 motor + drive - Un from 50 to 1000 V from the European Parliament - Pn from 0.12 to 1000 kW established a framework for setting the Motors not concerned: - 4, 6 and 8 poles eco-design requirements to be applied - Motors designed to operate when - Continuous duty at rated power to “energy-using products”. These fully submerged in liquid without exceeding the specified products are grouped in lots. Motors - Motors which are fully integrated in insulation class. Generally known as come under lot 11 of the eco-design another product (rotor/stator) program, as do pumps, fans and S1 duty. - Motors with duty other than circulating pumps. - 50 and 60 Hz frequency continuous duty - On the A.C. supply - Motors designed to operate in the - Rated for an ambient temperature following conditions: between -20°C and +60°C DECREE IMPLEMENTING • Altitude > 4000 m - Rated for altitude up to 4000 m EUROPEAN DIRECTIVE ErP • Ambient air temperature > 60°C - Water inlet temperature from 0°C to (Energy Related Product) • Maximum operating temperature +32°C EC/640/2009 - LOT 11 > 400°C (July 2009) + EU/4/2014 • Ambient air temperature < -30°C or Motors not concerned (January 2014) < 0°C for air-cooled motors - Motors with frequency inverter when This is based on standard IEC • Cooling water temperature at the motor cannot be tested without it. 60034-30-1 and will define the efficiency product inlet - Brake motors when they form an classes whose use will be mandatory < 0°C or > 32°C integral part of the motor construction in the future. It specifies the efficiency • Safety motors conforming to and can neither be removed nor levels to be attained for machines sold directive ATEX 94/9/EC supplied separately in order to be in the European market and outlines the • Brake motors tested. timetable for their implementation. • Onboard motors - Motors which are fully integrated in a machine and cannot be tested separately (such as rotor/stator).
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LIST OF STANDARDS QUOTED IN THIS DOCUMENT
Reference International Standards IEC 60034-1 EN 60034-1 Rotating electrical machines: rating and performance. Rotating electrical machines: methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests IEC 60034-2 (additional losses added as a fixed percentage).
Rotating electrical machines: methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests IEC 60034-2-1 (additional losses added as a measured percentage). Rotating electrical machines: classification of degrees of protection provided by casings IEC 60034-5 EN 60034-5 of rotating machines. IEC 60034-6 EN 60034-6 Rotating electrical machines (except traction): methods of cooling IEC 60034-7 EN 60034-7 Rotating electrical machines (except traction): symbols for mounting positions and assembly layouts IEC 60034-8 Rotating electrical machines: terminal markings and direction of rotation IEC 60034-9 EN 60034-9 Rotating electrical machines: noise limits
IEC 60034-12 EN 60034-12 Starting performance of single-speed three-phase cage induction motors for supply voltages up to and including 660 V.
Rotating electrical machines: mechanical vibrations of certain machines with a frame size above or equal to 56 mm. IEC 60034-14 EN 60034-14 Measurement, evaluation and limits of vibration severity IEC 60034-17 Cage induction motors when fed from converters - Application guide Rotating electrical machines: efficiency classes of single-speed, three-phase cage induction motors IEC 60034-30-1 (IE code). IEC 60038 IEC standard voltages. Dimensions and output powers for rotating electrical machines: designation of casings between 56 and 400 and flanges IEC 60072-1 between 55 and 1080 IEC 60085 Evaluation and thermal classification of electrical insulation IEC 60721-2-1 Classification of environmental conditions. Temperature and humidity IEC 60892 Effects of unbalanced voltages on the performance of 3-phase cage induction motors IEC 61000-2-10/11 and 2-2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC): environment.
IEC guide 106 Guide for specifying environmental conditions for equipment performance rating
ISO 281 Bearings - Dynamic load ratings and nominal bearing life Acoustics - Test code for the measurement of airborne noise emitted by rotating electrical machines: ISO 1680 EN 21680 a method for establishing an expert opinion for free field conditions over a reflective surface. ISO 8821 Mechanical vibration - Balancing. Shaft and fitment key conventions. EN 50102 Degree of protection provided by electrical enclosures against extreme mechanical impacts ISO 12944-2 Corrosion protection
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 7 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors General Standards and Approvals
MAIN PRODUCT MARKINGS WORLDWIDE Special markings are in place all over the world. They primarily concern product compliance with safety standards for users in force in countries. Some markings or labels only apply to energy regulations. One country can have two different markings: one for safety and one for energy.
This marking is mandatory in the European Economic Community market. It means that the product complies with all relevant directives. If the product does not comply with an applicable directive, it cannot be CE-rated and hence cannot bear the CE mark.
In Canada and the United States: The CSA mark accompanied by the letters C and US mean that the product is certified for the American and Canadian markets, according to the relevant American and Canadian standards. If a product has characteristics arising C US from more than one product genre (e.g.: electrical equipment including fuel combustion), the mark indicates compliance with all C US relevant standards. C US This mark only applies to finished products such as complete machines. A motor is only a component and is not therefore affected by C US this marking. C US Note: c CSA us and c UL us mean the same thing but one is awarded by the CSA and the other by UL. CC USUS The c UL us mark, which is optional, indicates compliance with Canadian requirements and those of the United States. UL encourages C US manufacturers distributing products with the Recognized UL mark for both countries to use this combined mark. CC USUS For Canada,C c UR us or c USCSA us is a minimum requirement. It is also possible to have both. ComponentsC covered by theUS UL “Recognized Mark” program are destined for installation in another device, system or end product. They will be installed in the factory, not in the field, and it is possible that their performance capacity will be restricted, limiting their use. When a product or complete system containing UL Recognized components is assessed, the processC of assessingee USthe end product can be rationalized. ee C US Canada: energy efficiency compliance logo (optional). C eeUS ee USA: energy efficiency compliance logo (optional.
ee USA and Canada: EISA commercial compliance logo (optional).
This marking is mandatory for the Chinese market. It indicates that the product complies with current regulations (user safety). It concerns electric motors rated ≤ 1.1 kW.
The EAC mark has replaced the GOST mark. It is the equivalent of the CE mark for the European Union market. This new mark covers regulations for Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. All products offered for sale in these three countries must bear this mark.
Other marks concern certain applications such as ATEX for example.
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INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL STANDARD EQUIVALENTS
International reference standards National standards
IEC Title (summary) FRANCE GERMANY UK ITALY SWITZERLAND NFEN 60034-1 60034-1 Ratings and operating characteristics NFC 51-120 DIN/VDE O530 BS 4999 CEI 2.3.VI. SEV ASE 3009 NFC 51-200 60034-5 Classification of degrees of protection NFEN 60034-5 DIN/EN 60034-5 BS EN 60034-5 UNEL B 1781 60034-6 Cooling methods NFEN 60034-6 DIN/EN 60034-6 BS EN 60034-6
60034-7 Mounting arrangements and assembly layouts NFEN 60034-7 DIN/EN 60034-7 BS EN 60034-7
DIN/VDE 0530 60034-8 Terminal markings and direction of rotation NFC 51 118 BS 4999-108 Teil 8 60034-9 Noise limits NFEN 60034-9 DIN/EN 60034-9 BS EN 60034-9
Starting characteristics for single-speed motors 60034-12 NFEN 60034-12 DIN/EN 60034-12 BS EN 60034-12 SEV ASE 3009-12 for supply voltages ≤ 660 V
Mechanical vibrations of machines with 60034-14 NFEN 60034-14 DIN/EN 60034-14 BS EN 60034-14 frame size ≥ 56 mm DIN 748 (~) DIN 42672 Dimensions and output powers for machines NFC 51 104 DIN 42673 60072-1 of between 56 and 400 frame and flanges BS 4999 NFC 51 105 DIN 42631 of between 55 and 1080. DIN 42676 DIN 42677 Evaluation and thermal classification 60085 NFC 26206 DIN/EN 60085 BS 2757 SEV ASE 3584 of electrical insulation.
Note: DIN 748 tolerances do not conform to IEC 60072-1.
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 9 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors General Regulations in the Main Countries
Many countries have already The majority of countries requiring As regulations are constantly changing implemented energy regulations registration before products are offered and vary from country to country, it is concerning electric motors. Others are in for sale also usually require special advisable to check for updates on a the process of preparing them. product labeling. regular basis.
Some regulations require that before For Europe, there is no special label. For more details of the efficiency classes they can be offered for sale, products Only CE marking indicates that the applicable for each power rating and must be registered with the local product complies with all the relevant number of motor poles according to the authorities. In these cases, market directives. timetable, please contact your local surveillance is undertaken before the Leroy-Somer sales office. products are put into use, unlike the EU where the member states are responsible for organizing surveillance on their own territory.
10 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Environment Definition of “Index of Protection” (IP)
INGRESS PROTECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT ENCLOSURES In 1accordancest number: with IEC 60034-5 - EN 60034-52nd number: (IP) - IEC 62262 (IK) 3rd number: Protection against solid objects Protection against liquids Mechanical protection IP Tests Definition IP Tests Definition IK Tests Definition
0 No protection 0 No protection 00 No protection
Ø 50 mm Protected against solid objects larger Protected against 150 g 1 Impact energy: than 50 mm (e.g. water drops falling 1 01 10 cm 0.15 J accidental contact vertically with the hand) (condensation)
Protected against 15° Protected against Ø 12 mm 200 g solid objects larger water drops falling Impact energy: 2 than 12 mm 2 at up to 15° from 02 10 cm 0.20 J (e.g. a finger) the vertical
Ø 2.5 mm Protected against Protected against 3 60° 250 g solid objects larger rain falling at up Impact energy: 3 than 2.5 mm to 60° from the 03 15 cm 0.37 J (e.g. tools, wires) vertical
Ø 1 mm Protected against Protected against 250 g solid objects larger 4 projected water Impact energy: 4 than 1 mm (e.g. thin 04 20 cm 0.50 J from all directions tools, small wires)
Projected against 350 g 5 Protected against 5 jets of water from dust (no deposits of Impact energy: all directions 05 20 cm 0.70 J harmful material) from a hose
Protected against 250 g 6 Protected against projected water Impact energy: any dust 6 40 cm comparable to 06 1 J penetration big waves
Protected against 0.5 kg 0.15 m
1 m the effects of 7 40 cm Impact energy: immersion between 07 2 J 0.15 and 1 m
Protected against 1.25 kg 8 ..m prolonged effects 08 40 cm Impact energy: . . m of immersion 5 J under pressure Example:
2.5 kg Example of a liquid-cooled IP 55 machine Impact energy: 40 cm 09 10 J IP : Protection index
5 kg 5. : Machine protected against dust and accidental contact. Impact energy: 40 cm Test result: no dust enters in harmful quantities, no risk of direct contact with 10 20 J rotating parts. The test will last for 2 hours.
.5 : Machine protected against jets of water from all directions from hoses at 3 m distance with a flow rate of 12.5 l/min at 0.3 bar. The test will last for 3 minutes. Test result: no damage from water projected onto the machine.
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 11 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Environment Environmental Limitations
NORMAL OPERATING In temperate climates, relative humidity is generally between 50 and 70%. For the relationship between relative humidity and motor impregnation, especially where humidity and temperature CONDITIONS are high, see table on next page. According to IEC 60034-1, motors can operate in the % g/m3 following normal conditions: 100 40 • ambient temperature between -16°C 80 Relative air humidity and +40°C 60 • altitude less than 1000 m 40 • atmospheric pressure: 1050 hPa 30 30 C (mbar) = (750 mm Hg) ° re tu ra 20 The ambient temperature must not be e p m less than +5°C for water-cooled motors. te 25 r te If this is the case, antifreeze must be e om 20 m added to the water for temperatures less er th ulb 20 than +5°C. t b We Absolute air humidity Special operating conditions can be 15 discussed on request. 10 10 5 NORMAL STORAGE
CONDITIONS °C The storage area must be closed and covered, protected against mold, vapors 10 20 30 40 50 60 Ambient temperature - dry bulb thermometer and other harsh, corrosive (chemical) substances. The storage area ambient temperature must be between +5°C and RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE DRAIN HOLES +60°C, at a relative humidity of less than Holes are provided at the lowest points 50%, and must not be subject to sudden HUMIDITY Measuring the humidity: of the housing, depending on the temperature variations. Storage operating position (IM, etc.) to drain off outdoors is not recommended. Humidity is usually measured by the “wet and dry bulb thermometer” method. any moisture that may have accumulated For restarting, see commissioning inside during cooling of the machine. manual. Absolute humidity, calculated from the readings taken on the two thermometers, As standard, the holes are sealed with can be determined using the above metal plugs. chart. The chart also provides relative Under certain special conditions, it is humidity figures. advisable to leave the drain holes To determine the humidity correctly, a permanently open (operating in good air flow is required for stable environments with high levels of readings, and accurate readings must condensation). Opening the holes be taken on the thermometers. periodically should be part of the regular maintenance procedures.
12 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Environment Impregnation and Enhanced Protection
NORMAL ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE (750 MM HG) The selection table below can be used to find the method of manufacture best suited to particular environments in which temperature and relative humidity show large degrees of variation (see relative and absolute humidity calculation method, on preceding page).
The winding protection is generally described by the term "tropicalization".
For high humidity environments, we recommend that the windings are pre-heated (see next page).
Relative humidity RH ≤ 95% RH ≥ 95%* Ambient temperature
T° < -16°C Please consult LS Please consult LS
-16°C to +50°C Standard Tropicalization
T° > +50°C Please consult LS Please consult LS
Tropicalization: Influence on Stainless steel screws as standard construction rotor and stator protection
* Atmosphere without high levels of condensation
Tropicalization refers to protection of the motor's electrical parts (rotor, stator and coil end turns). It is available as an option for all motor versions.
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 13 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Environment Heating
SPACE HEATERS A.C. INJECTION HEATING Severe climatic conditions may require A single-phase A.C. voltage (from 10 to the use of space heaters (fitted to the 15% of rated voltage), can be used motor windings) which serve to maintain between 2 phases placed in series. the average temperature of the motor, This method can be used on the whole provide trouble-free starting, and motor range. eliminate problems caused by This function can be performed by a condensation (loss of insulation). frequency inverter.
The heater supply wires are brought out to a terminal block in the motor's auxiliary terminal box.
The heaters must be switched off while the motor is running.
Table of space heater power ratings by type of LC motor
Motor type Power (W)
LC 315 LA/LB 150 LC 315 LKA/LKB/LKC 200 LC 355 LA/LB/LC LC 355 LKA/LKB/LKC LC 400 LA 300 LC 400 LKA LC 450 LA/LB LC 500 M/L 400
The space heaters use 200/240 V, single-phase, 50 or 60 Hz.
14 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Environment External Finish
Surface protection is defined in standard ISO 12944. This standard defines the expected life of a paint system until the first major application of maintenance paint. Durability is not guaranteed. Standard EN ISO 12944 is divided into 8 parts. Part 2 discusses the classification of environments. Leroy-Somer motors are protected with a range of surface finishes. Surfaces receive appropriate special treatments, as shown below.
Leroy-Somer standard paint color reference:
RAL 6000
PREPARATION OF SURFACES
Surface Parts Surface treatment
Cast iron End shields Shot blasting + Primer Accessories Phosphate treatment + Primer Steel Terminal boxes - Fan covers - End shields Electrostatic painting or Epoxy powder
CLASSIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTS Leroy-Somer paint systems according to category.
Atmospheric Corrosivity ISO 6270 ISO 9227 Form Leroy-Somer system corrosivity category* Durability class Water condensation Neutral saline mist LS equivalent categories a/c to ISO 12944-2 Number of hours Number of hours Medium 120 240 101b IIa MEDIUM C3 IIb High 240 480 132b standard for LC motors Limited 120 240 - - HIGH C4 Medium 240 480 102c IIIa High 480 720 106b IIIb** Limited 240 480 165 IVb** VERY HIGH C5-I Medium 480 720 140b Ve** (Industry) High 720 1440 - - Limited 240 480 - - VERY HIGH C5-M Medium 480 720 - - (Marine) High 720 1440 161b 161b**
* Values given for information only since the substrates vary in nature whereas the standard only takes account of steel substrates. ** Assessment of degree of rusting in accordance with standard ISO 4628 (rust over 1 to 0.5% of the surface).
CORROBLOC FINISH AVAILABLE AS AN OPTION
Component Materials Comments
Stator-Rotor Dielectric and anti-corrosion protection Nameplates Stainless steel Nameplate: indelible marking Screws Stainless steel Cable glands Brass External finish System IIIa
Note: On LC motors, the screws and nameplates are routinely made of stainless steel.
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 15 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Environment Interference Suppression and Protection of People
AIRBORNE INTERFERENCE The IEC 61000 standard, currently in APPLICATION OF LOW preparation, will define permissible VOLTAGE DIRECTIVE EMISSION rejection and immunity rates: only then For standard motors, the housing acts as will machines for general distribution 2006/95/EC an electromagnetic screen, reducing (especially single-phase motors and All motors are subject to this directive. electromagnetic emissions measured at commutator motors) have to be fitted The main requirements concern the 0.25 meters from the motor to with suppression systems. protection of people, animals and approximately 5 gauss (5 x 10–4 T). Three-phase squirrel cage machines do property against risks caused by However, electromagnetic emissions not in themselves produce interference operation of the motors (see the can be noticeably reduced by a specially- of this type. A.C. supply connection commissioning and maintenance constructed stainless steel shaft. equipment (contactors) may, however, manual for precautions to be taken). need interference protection. IMMUNITY The construction of the motor housings APPLICATION OF isolates external electromagnetic APPLICATION OF DIRECTIVE MACHINERY DIRECTIVE sources to the extent that any field 2004/108/EC CONCERNING 2006/42/EC penetrating the casing and magnetic ELECTROMAGNETIC circuit will be too weak to interfere with COMPATIBILITY (EMC) All motors are designed to be integrated the operation of the motor. in a device subject to the machinery a - for motors only directive. According to amendment 1 of IEC POWER SUPPLY 60034-1, induction motors are not transmitters and do not produce INTERFERENCE interference (via carried or airborne MARKING OF PRODUCTS The use of electronic systems for signals) and therefore conform inherently The fact that motors comply with the starting, variable speed control or power to the essential requirements of the EMC essential requirements of the Directives supply can create harmonics on the directives. is shown by the CE mark on their supply lines that may interfere with nameplates and/or packaging and operation of the machines. These b - for motors supplied by inverters documentation. phenomena are taken into account in (at fixed or variable frequency) determining the machine dimensions, In this case, the motor is only a sub- which act as quenching chokes in this assembly of a device which the system respect. builder must ensure conforms to the essential requirements of the EMC directives.
16 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Construction Bearings and Bearing Life q q p 1 2 –1 1000000 C Nm = N . ------+ N . ------+ …(min ) L = ------1 2 10h 60 . N . ( P ) 100 100
DEFINITIONS where N = speed of rotation (rpm) Nm: average speed of rotation P (P = X Fr + Y Fa): dynamic load q q LOAD RATINGS p 1 2 –1 1000000 C Nm = N1 . ------+ N2 . ------+ …(min ) Lequivalent = ------(F---r, Fa,-- -P in daN) Static load rating Co: 10h 60 . N . ( P ) 100 100 This is the load for which permanent p: exponent which is a function of the contact between the races and balls deformation at point of contact between Pm: average equivalent dynamic load a bearing race and the ball (or roller) with (or rollers) p P N1 1 P N2 the heaviest load reaches 0.01% of the = 3 for ball bearings P P . ------. + P . ------. 2 …(daN) Pm= 1 ---- 2 + (Nm ) 100 (Nm ) ---- diameter of the ball (or roller). p = 100000010/3 for rollerC bearingsp 100 L10h = ------. ( --- ) Dynamic load rating C: The formulae60 . Nm thatPm give Equivalent with q , q , etc. as a % Dynamic Load (values of factors X and 1 2 q q This is the load (constant in intensity and p 1 2 –1 1000000 C Nm = N . N------+ N . ------N+ …(min ) Y)L for = different ------types--- of bearing can be P1 1 1 2 P 2 direction) for which the nominal lifetime 10h 60 . N . ( P ) P P . ----100-- . + P 100. ------. 2 + …(daN) NominalPm= 1 lifetimeN --- -L10h2 is N applicable to of the bearing will reach 1 million obtained from their respective ( m ) 100 ( m ) ---- 1000000 C p bearings made of bearing 1steel00 and revolutions. manufacturers.L10h = ------. ( --- ) 60 . Nm Pm normal operating conditions (lubricating The static load rating Co and dynamic film present, no contamination, correctly load rating C are obtained for each fitted, etc.). bearing by following the method in Variable load and speed of rotation Situations and data differing from these ISO 281. For bearings with periodically variable load and speed, the nominal lifetime is conditions will lead to either a reduction established using the equation: or an increase in lifetime compared to the nominalP Nlifetime.1 1 P N2 LIFETIME P P . ------. + P . ------. 2 …(daN) Pm= 1 ---- 2 + (Nm ) 100 (Nm ) ---- The lifetime of a bearing is the number of 1000000 C p 100 L10h = ------. ( --- ) revolutions (or number of operating 60 . Nm Pm Corrected nominal lifetime hours at a constant speed) that the If the ISO recommendations (DIN ISO 281) bearing can accomplish before the first Speed N are used, improvements to bearing signs of fatigue (spalling) begin to appear steel, manufacturing processes and the on a ring, ball or roller. effects of operating conditions can be N4 Nominal lifetime L10h N1 included in the nominal lifetime N3 calculation. According to the ISO recommendations, Nm the nominal lifetime is the length of time N2 The theoretical pre-fatigue lifetime Lnah is completed or exceeded by 90% of thus calculated using the formula: apparently identical bearings operating Lnah = a1 a2 a3 L10h under the conditions specified by the Time manufacturer. where: q1% q2% q3% q4% a1: failure probability factor a : factor for the Note: The majority of bearings last much 2 longer than the nominal lifetime; the characteristics and tempering of the average lifetime achieved or exceeded steel by 50% of bearings is around 5 times a3: factor for the operating conditions longer than the nominal lifetime. Load P (lubricant quality, temperature, speed of rotation, etc.).
DETERMINATION OF NOMINAL P2 LIFETIME Pm Constant load and speed of rotation P1 P3 The nominal lifetime of a bearing P4 expressed in operating hours L10h, the dynamic load rating C expressed in daN Time and the applied loads (radial load Fr and q1% q2% q3% q4% axial load Fa) are related by the following equation: 100% q q p 1 2 –1 1000000 C Nm = N . ------+ N . ------+ …(min ) L = ------1 2 10h 60 . N . ( P ) 100 100
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 17 P N1 1 P N2 P P . ------. + P . ------. 2 …(daN) Pm= 1 ---- 2 + (Nm ) 100 (Nm ) ---- 1000000 C p 100 L10h = ------. ( --- ) 60 . Nm Pm IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Construction Lubrication and Maintenance of Bearings
ROLE OF THE LUBRICANT GREASING • Conventional greases with a metallic soap base (calcium, sodium, aluminum, The principal role of the lubricant is to A lubricating grease can be defined as a lithium). Lithium soaps have several avoid direct contact between the metal product of semi-fluid consistency advantages over other metallic soaps: a parts in motion: balls or rollers, slip-rings, obtained by the dispersion of a thickening high melting point (180° to 200°), good cages, etc. It also protects the bearing agent in a lubricating fluid and that may mechanical stability and good water- against wear and corrosion. contain several additives to give it resistant properties. particular properties. The quantity of lubricant needed by a • Greases with a complex soap base. bearing is normally quite small. There Composition of a grease The main advantage of this type of soap is a very high melting point (over 250°C). should be enough to provide good Base oil: 85 to 97% lubrication without undesirable Thickener: 3 to 15% • Soapless greases. The thickener is an overheating. As well as lubrication itself Additives: 0 to 12% and the operating temperature, the inorganic compound, such as clay. Their amount of lubricant should be judged by main property is the absence of a melting considerations such as sealing and heat THE BASE OIL LUBRICATES point, which makes them practically non- dissipation. The oil making up the grease is of prime liquefying. importance. It is the oil that lubricates the moving parts by coating them with a The lubricating power of a grease or an ADDITIVES IMPROVE SOME protective film which prevents direct oil lessens with time owing to mechanical PROPERTIES OF GREASES contact. The thickness of the lubricating constraints and straightforward aging. Additives fall into two types, depending film is directly linked to the viscosity of Used or contaminated lubricants should on whether or not they are soluble in the the oil, and the viscosity itself depends therefore be replaced or topped up with base oil. on temperature. The two main types new lubricant at regular intervals. used to make grease are mineral oils and synthetic oils. Mineral oils are The most common insoluble additives - Bearings can be lubricated with grease, suitable for normal applications in a graphite, molybdenum disulphide, talc, oil or, in certain cases, with a solid range of temperatures from -30°C to mica, etc., improve the friction lubricant. +150°C. characteristics between metal surfaces. Synthetic oils have the advantage of They are therefore used in applications being effective in severe conditions where heavy pressure is required. (extreme variations of temperature, harsh chemical environments, etc.). The soluble additives are the same as those used in lubricating oils: THE THICKENER GIVES THE antioxidants, anti-rust agents, etc. GREASE CONSISTENCY The more thickener a grease contains, LUBRICATION TYPE the “harder” it will be. Grease consistency The bearings are lubricated with a varies with the temperature. In falling polyurea soap-based grease. temperatures, the grease hardens progressively, and the opposite happens when temperatures rise.
The consistency of a grease can be quantified using the NLGI (National Lubricating Grease Institute) classification. There are 9 NLGI grades, from 000 for the softest greases up to 6 for the hardest. Consistency is expressed by the depth to which a cone can be driven into a grease maintained at 25°C. If we only consider the chemical nature of the thickener, lubricating greases fall into three major categories:
18 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Duty Cycle - Definitions
DUTY CYCLES 5 - Intermittent periodic duty with corresponding to different rotation (IEC 60034-1) electrical braking - Type S5 speeds (in induction motors, this can be A sequence of periodic duty cycles, each done by changing the number of poles). The typical duty cycles are described There is no rest and de-energized period below: consisting of a starting period, a period of operation at constant load, a period of (see figure 8). 1 - Continuous duty - Type S1 rapid electrical braking and a rest and Operation at constant load of sufficient de-energized period (see figure 5). 9 - Duty with non-periodic variations duration for thermal equilibrium to be in load and speed - Type S9 reached (see figure 1). 6 - Periodic continuous duty with This is a duty in which the load and speed intermittent load - Type S6 generally vary non-periodically within 2 - Short-time duty - Type S2 A sequence of identical duty cycles, the permissible operating range. This Operation at constant load during a each consisting of a period of operation duty frequently includes applied given time, less than that required for at constant load and a period of operation overloads which may be much higher thermal equilibrium to be reached, at no load. There is no rest and de- than the full load or loads (see figure 9). followed by a rest and de-energized energized period (see figure 6). period of sufficient duration to re- Note - For this type of duty, the appropriate full establish machine temperatures within 7 - Periodic continuous duty with load values must be used as the basis for 2 K of the coolant (see figure 2). electrical braking - Type S7 calculating overload. 3 - Intermittent periodic duty - Type S3 A sequence of identical duty cycles, each consisting of a starting period, a A sequence of identical duty cycles, 10 - Operation at discrete constant period of operation at constant load and each consisting of a period of operation loads - Type S10 a period of electrical braking. There is no at constant load and a rest and de- This duty consists of a maximum of 4 rest and de-energized period (see energized period (see figure 3). Here, discrete load values (or equivalent figure 7). the cycle is such that the starting current loads), each value being applied for does not significantly affect the sufficient time for the machine to reach temperature rise (see figure 3). 8 - Periodic continuous duty with thermal equilibrium. The minimum load related changes of load and speed - during a load cycle may be zero (no-load 4 - Intermittent periodic duty with Type S8 operation or rest and de-energized starting - Type S4 A sequence of identical duty cycles, period) (see figure 10). A sequence of identical duty cycles, each consisting of a period of operation each consisting of a significant starting at constant load corresponding to a period, a period of operation at constant predetermined rotation speed, load and a rest and de-energized period followed by one or more periods of (see figure 4). operation at other constant loads
Note: Only S1 duty is affected by IEC 60034-30-1
Fig. 1. - Continuous duty, Type S2. Type S1. Fig. 3. - Intermittent periodic duty, Fig. 2. - Short-time duty, Type S3. Periodic time N N N R
Load Load Load
Electrical losses Electrical losses Electrical losses
T max T Temperature Temperature max T Temperature max
Time Time Time N = operation at constant load N = operation at constant load N = operation at constant load Tmax = maximum temperature attained Tmax = maximum temperature attained R = rest
Tmax = maximum temperature attained N D + N D + N + F Operating factor (%) = • 100 • 100 • 100 N + R N + R + D D + N + F + R
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 19 N L D N1 • 100 100 N + V N D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 F1 N2 100 D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 F2 N3 100 D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Duty Cycle - Definitions
Fig. 4. - Intermittent periodic duty with Fig. 5. - Intermittent periodic duty with Fig. 6. - Periodic continuous duty with starting. Type S4. electrical braking. Type S5. intermittent load. Type S6.
Periodic time Periodic time Periodic time N V
Load Load
D N R Load D N F R
Electrical losses Electrical losses Electrical losses
T T max Temperature max Temperature Temperature T max
Time Time Time
D = starting D = starting N = operation at constant load N D + N D + N + F N = operation at constant load N = operation at constant load V = no-load operation • 100 • 100 • 100 N + R N + R + D D + N + F + R
R = rest F = electrical braking Tmax = maximum temperature attained during cycle
T = maximum temperature attained during cycle R = rest N L D N1 max Operating factor (%) = • 100 100 N + V N D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 N D + N D + N + F Tmax = maximum temperature attained during cycle Operating factor• 100 (%) = • 100 • 100 F1 N2 N + R N + R + D D + N + F + R 100 N D + N D + N + F D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 • 100 Operating factor• 100 (%) = • 100 N + R N + R + D D + N + F + R F2 N3 100 1 1 2 2 3 N L D N1 D N F N F N • 100 100 N + V N D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 N L D N1 F• 1100 N2 100 Fig. 7. - Periodic continuous dutyN + V with Fig.N100 8. - PeriodicD N continuous1 F1 N2 F2 duty N3 with related changes of load and speed. D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 electrical braking. Type S7. Type S8. F1 N2 F2 N3 100 Periodic time 100 D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 F2 N3 100 D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 Periodic time Load
D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 Load
Electrical losses
D N F T max
Electrical losses Temperature
T max Temperature Speed
Temps Time
D = starting F1F2 = electrical braking
D = starting N = operation at constant load
N N1N2DN 3+ =N operation at constantD + N loads + F • 100 • 100 • 100 F = electrical braking N + R N + R + D D + N + F + R T = maximum temperature attained during max cycle T = maximum temperature attained during cycle max N L D N1 • 100 Operating factor = 100 N + V N D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 Operating factor = 1 F1 N2 100 D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 F2 N3 100 D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3
20 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Duty Cycle - Definitions
Fig. 9. - Duty with non-periodic variations in load and speed. Type S9. Fig. 10 - Duty at discrete constant loads. Type S10.
t1 t2 t3 t4 R
D F S t L
L L L Speed Load 1 3 2 L1
Load P4 Cp
Electrical losses Electrical losses
T max
1 Temperature T T T H Time T Temperature
Time 1
L = load D = starting N D + N D + N + F • 100 • 100 • 100 N + R N + R + D D + N + F + R L = operation at variable loads N = rated power for type S1 duty
F = electrical braking N L D N1 • 100p = p / = reduced load 100 R = rest N + V N D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 F1 N2 S = operation at overload t = time 100 D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 F2 N3 Cp = full load 100 Tp = total cycle time D N1 F1 N2 F2 N3 Tmax = maximum temperature attained
ti = discrete period within a cycle
Δti = t i / Tp = relative duration of period within a cycle
Pu = electrical losses
HN = temperature at rated power for type S1 duty
ΔHi = increase or decrease in temperature rise during the ith period of the cycle
Power is determined according to duty cycle. See “Operation” chapter, “Power - Torque - Efficiency - Power Factor (cosj ”) section. For duty types between S3 and S8 inclusive, the default cycle is 10 minutes unless otherwise stated.
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 21 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Supply Voltage
REGULATIONS AND • Variation in frequency around the rated The motors in this catalog are STANDARDS frequency: designed for use on the European - continuous operation: ±1% power supply of 400 V ±10% - 50 Hz. The IEC 60038 standard gives the All other voltages and frequencies European reference voltage as 230/400 - transient state: ±2% are available on request. V three-phase and 230 V single-phase, with a tolerance of ±10%. • Three-phase Mains supply phase The tolerances usually permitted for voltage imbalance: power supply sources are indicated - zero-sequence component and/or below: negative phase sequence component compared to positive phase sequence • Maximum voltage drop between component: < 2% customer delivery point and customer usage point: 4%.
EFFECTS ON MOTOR PERFORMANCE VOLTAGE RANGE The characteristics of motors will of course vary with a corresponding variation in voltage of ±10% around the rated value.
An approximation of these variations is given in the table below.
Voltage variation as a % UN-10% UN-5% UN UN+5% UN+10% Torque curve 0.81 0.90 1 1.10 1.21 Slip 1.23 1.11 1 0.91 0.83 Rated current 1.10 1.05 1 0.98 0.98 Rated efficiency 0.97 0.98 1 1.00 0.98 Rated power factor (cos ϕ) 1.03 1.02 1 0.97 0.94 Starting current 0.90 0.95 1 1.05 1.10 Nominal temperature rise 1.18 1.05* 1 1* 1.10 P (Watt) no-load 0.85 0.92 1 1.12 1.25 Q (reactive V A) no-load 0.81 0.9 1 1.1 1.21
* According to standard IEC 60034-1, the additional temperature rise must not exceed 10 K within ±5% of UN.
22 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Supply Voltage
SIMULTANEOUS VARIATION Variation in main motor parameters (approx.) within the limits defined in IEC Guide 106. OF VOLTAGE AND U/f Pu M N Cos ϕ Efficiency FREQUENCY Within the tolerances defined in IEC f’ f’ f’ u’ / uf’2 cosu’u’ ϕ // uu 22 Efficiency400 u’ / u 2 400 Constant Pu N MPu Pu( N ) PuM(( )) M( ) guide 106, machine input and f f f f / f’ f unchangedff // f’f’ unchangedU’ f / f’ U’ performance are unaffected if the variations are of the same polarity and f’ f’ f’ f’ u’ / u’u /2 u 2 u’ / u’u /f’ 2u 2 400400f’ Dependentu’ / u 2 on the machineu’ / u 2 400 Pu Pu VariableN N Pu(Pu ( ) ) M( M (Pu ) ) N Pu( ) M( ) the voltage/frequency ratio U/f remains f f f f f / f’f / f’ f / f’f / ff’ U’ U’f f saturation/ f’ state f / f’ U’ constant. M = minimum and maximum values of starting torque. If this is not the case, variations in performance are significant and require the machine specification to be changed.
USE OF 400 V - 50 HZ MOTORS - Rated current decreases by 0 to 5% Comment: ON 460 V - 60 HZ SUPPLIES - IS/IN increases by around 10% For the North American markets, For output power at 60 Hz equal to output - Slip and rated torque MN, MD/MN, a different type of construction is power at 50 Hz, the main characteristics M/MN remain more or less constant. needed to comply with the regulatory are modified according to the following requirements. variations: - Efficiency increases by 0.5 - 1.5% - Power factor decreases by 0.5 to 1.5%
In thisf’ case, thef’ machineu’ / windings u 2 u’ / u 2 400 USE ON SUPPLIES WITH Pu N Pu( ) M( I’ = I)400 V x U’ VOLTAGES different shouldf be adapted.f f / f’ f / f’ U’ from the voltages in the As a result, only the current values will characteristics tables be changed and become:
PHASE VOLTAGE IMBALANCE order to establish the type of motor The phase imbalance is calculated as required, to apply the derating specified 1.0 follows: in standard IEC 60892, illustrated on the maximum difference in graph opposite. voltage compared to the 0.9 Phase voltage average voltage value Percentage imbalance as a % = 100 x 0 2 3.5 5 average voltage value imbalance
Stator current 100 101 104 107.5 Derating factor 0.8 The effect on motor performance is Increase in losses % 0 4 12.5 25 summarized in the table opposite. 0.7 Temperature rise 1 1.05 1.14 1.28 0 1 2 3 4 5 If this imbalance is known before the Phase voltage imbalance percentage motor is purchased, it is advisable, in
I3 / I1
PHASE CURRENT 1.09 IMBALANCE Voltage imbalances induce current 1.07 imbalances. Natural lack of symmetry due to the construction also induces 1.05 current imbalances. 1.03 The chart opposite shows the ratios in which the negative phase component is 1.01 I2 / I1 equal to 5% (and 3%) of the positive 0.91 0.93 0.95 0.97 0.99 1.01 1.03 1.05 1.07 1.09 phase component in three-phase current 0.99 supplies without zero components (neutral absent or not connected). 0.97
Inside the curve, the negative phase 0.95 component is lower than 5% (and 3%).
0.93
0.91
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 23 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Insulation Class - Temperature Rise and Thermal Reserve
INSULATION CLASS TEMPERATURE RISE AND R2 - R1 ΔT = (235 + T1) + (T1 - T2) R1 The machines in this catalog have been THERMAL RESERVE designed with a class F insulation system Leroy-Somer liquid-cooled motors are R1: cold resistance measured at ambient for the windings. built to have a maximum winding temperature T1 Class F allows for temperature rises of temperature rise of 80 K under normal 105 K (measured by the resistance operating conditions (ambient R : stabilized hot resistance measured variation method) and maximum temperature 40°C, altitude below 2 at ambient temperature T temperatures at the hot spots in the 1000 m, rated voltage and frequency, 2 machine of 155°C (Ref. IEC 60085 and rated load and water inlet temperature 235: coefficient for a copper winding IEC 60034-1). < 38°C). (for an aluminum winding, the coefficient is 225). Complete impregnation with tropicalized varnish of thermal class 180°C gives The result is a thermal reserve linked protection against attacks from the to the following factors: Temperature rise (ΔT*) and maximum environment, such as: up to 95% relative temperatures at hot spots (Tmax) for - A difference of 25 K between the humidity, interference, etc. insulation classes (IEC 60034-1). nominal temperature rise (Un, Fn, Pn) For special constructions, the winding is and the permissible temperature rise class H and/or impregnated with special (105 K) for class F insulation. °C varnishes which enable it to operate in 180 - A difference of 10°C minimum at the 15 conditions of high temperatures with voltage limits. 160 relative air humidity of up to 100%. 10 140 In IEC 60034-1 and 60034-2, 120 10 The insulation of the windings is temperature rise (Δθ), is calculated using monitored in two ways: 100 125 the winding resistance variation method, 105 a - Dielectric inspection which involves with the formula: 80 80 checking the leakage current, at an 60 applied voltage of (2U + 1000) V, in conditions complying with standard 40 IEC 60034-1 (systematic test). 20 40 40 40 b - Monitoring the insulation resistance 0 between the windings and between the 130 155 180 windings and the ground (sampling test) B F H at a D.C. voltage of 500 V or 1,000 V. Insulation class
Temperature rise at hot spots Tmax Temperature rise
Ambient temperature
24 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Starting Times and Starting Current
PERMISSIBLE STARTING 25 TIMES AND LOCKED ROTOR TIMES The starting times calculated must 20 remain within the limits of the graph opposite which defines maximum starting times in relation to the starting current. Two successive cold starts are 15
allowed and one hot start (after thermal (s) Time stabilization at rated power). Between each successive start, a stop of 15 10 minutes must be observed. Permissible motor starting time as a function of the ratio I /I . D N 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 Is/In
Cold start Hot start
Note: For specific requests accurate calculations can be made.
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 25 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Power - Torque - Efficiency - Power Factor (Cosj)
DEFINITIONS A.C. supply is expressed as a function of The output power Pu at the motor shaft is the apparent power (S) and the reactive expressed as a function of the phase-to- The output power (Pu) at the motor power (Q) by the equation: shaft is linked to the torque (M) by the phase A.C. supply voltage (U in Volts), of Pu the line currentP absorbed (I in Amps) by equation: S = √P2 + Q2 P = √3 cosφ = η S Pu = M.ω the equation: (S in VA, P in W and Q in VAR) Pu P S = √P2 + Q2 P = Pu = U.I. √3 . cosϕ . ηcosφ = where Pu is in W, M is in N.m, ω is in rad/s η S and where ω is expressed as a function The power P is linked to the output where cos j is the power factor found of the speed of rotation in rpm by the power Pu by the equation: equation: from the ratio: Pu Pu P P S = √P2 + Q2 P S= = √P2 + Q2 √3 P = cosφ = √3 cosφ = ω = 2π.N/60 η η S S The active power (P) drawn from the where η is the efficiency of the machine.
EFFICIENCY In accordance with the agreements signed at international conferences from Rio to Paris (COP21), the new generation of liquid-cooled motors has been designed to improve efficiency by reducing atmospheric pollution (carbon dioxide). The improved efficiency of low-voltage industrial motors (representing around 50% of installed power in industry) has had a large impact on energy consumption.
η% IE classes for 4-pole/50 Hz motors 100 IE4 95 IE3 IE2 90 IE1
85
80
75
70 0.75 1.1 1.5 2.2 3 4 5.5 7.5 11 15 18.5 22 30 37 45 55 75 90 110 132 160 200 Advantages of improvement in efficiency: Pu (kW) to 375 Motor characteristics Effects on the motor Customer benefits
Lower operating costs. Increase in efficiency and IEC 60034-30-1 defines four - Longer service life (x2 or 3). in power factor efficiency classes for 2, 4, 6 and Better return on investment 8-pole motors from 0.12 to 1000 kW. Reduced noise - Improved working conditions
Quiet operation and longer service Reduced vibration - life of equipment being driven
Longer service life of fragile Reduced number of operating components (insulation system incidents and reduced components, greased bearings) maintenance costs Reduced temperature rise Increased capability Wider field of applications of instantaneous or (voltages, altitude, ambient extended overloads temperature, etc.)
26 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Power - Torque - Efficiency - Power Factor (Cosj)
RATED POWER PN IN DETERMINATION OF THE Starting class RELATION TO DUTY CYCLE POWER IN INTERMITTENT Class: n = nD + k.nF + k’.ni GENERAL RULES FOR STANDARD DUTY CYCLES FOR nD: number of complete starts per hour MOTORS ADAPTED MOTORS nF: number of electrical braking operations per hour 2 2 RMS POWER IN INTERMITTENT n x td x [ID/In x P] + (3600 - n x td)P u x fdm Pn= √ 3600 DUTY 2 2 “Electrical braking” means any braking This isn xthe td x rated[ID/In x powerP] + (3600 absorbed - n x td)P byu x thefdm Iterative calculation where: Pn= √ 3600 directly involving the stator winding or t (s) starting time achieved with driven machine, usually defined by the d 2 . the rotor winding: Σ(P i tmotori) rated P(w) manufacturer. P =√ Σti - Regenerative braking (with frequency n number of (equivalent) starts If the power2 . absorbed by the machine Σ(P i ti) per hour variesP = during a cycle, the rms power P is controller, multipole motor, etc.) √ Σti n 2 . 2 . 2 . ... 2 . fdm (OF)Σ 1(P ioperating ti) P 1 factor t1 + P 2 (decimal) t2 + P n tn calculated using the equation: - Reverse-current braking (the most P = = √ Σn t √ t + t + ...t ID/In 1 icurrent demand1 2 for nmotor commonly used) n 2 . 2 . 2 . ... 2 . rated P Σ 1(P i ti) P 1 t1 + P 2 t2 + P n tn = P = n ... - D.C. injection braking (w) √ Σ 1ti √ t1 + t2 + tn Pu π ( motorJe + Jr) output power during t = . N . ni: number of pulses (incomplete starts d 30 Mthe -duty M cycle mot r up to a third of maximum speed) per hour OF (in decimal), operating if, duringπ the(J +working J ) time the absorbed . . e r factor powertd = is:N 1 π . N 2 30 Mmot - Mr E = (J + J ) x n + n x t 3UI cosϕ Pd (w)2 e r motor( 30 ) rated powerd√ selectedd d k and k’ are constants determined as for the calculation P1 for period t1 1 π . N 2 follows: E = (J + J ) x n + n x t 3UI cosϕ P2d for2 eperiod r ( 30 t2 )Pn for periodd√ tnd d k k’ Em ≥ Ed + Ef S1 OF = 1; n ≤ 4 Cage induction motors 3 0.5
PowerEm ≥ Ed + valuesEf lower than 0.5 PN are TS2 n = 1 operating life determined replaced by 0.5 PN in the calculation of In2 by specification (Sp) rms power P (no-load operation is a - Reversing the direction of rotation T involves braking (usually electrical) S3 OF according to Sp; n ~ 0 In2special case). (no effect of starting on temperature rise) and starting.
S4 2 2 - Braking with Leroy-Somer OF according to Sp; n accordingx td x [ID/I ton xSp; P] td ,+ P (3600u, - n xAdditionally, td)P u x fdm it is also necessary to check Pn= electromechanical brakes, as with any P according√ to Sp 3600 that for a particular motor of power PN: (replace n with 4n in the above formula) other brakes that are independent of the motor, does not constitute electrical S5 OF according to Sp; n = n starts 2 . - the actual starting time is at most equal + 3 n brakingΣ( operationsP i ti) = 4; braking in the sense described above. P = √ Σt to 5 seconds td, Pu, P accordingi to Sp (replace n with 4n in the above formula) - the maximum output of the cycle does not exceed twice the rated output Σn (P2 . t ) P2 . t + P2 . t ... + P2 . t 1 i i = 1 1 2 2 n n P = n ... S6 √ Σ 1ti √ t1 + t2 + tn power P S7 same formula as S5 but OF = 1 - there is still sufficient accelerating π torque during the starting period at high speed, same. .formula(Je + J asr) S1 S8 td = N at low speed, 30 same formulaMmot - asMr S5 S9 S8 duty formula after complete description Load factor (LF) of cycle with1 OF on eachπ speed. N 2 Expressed as a percentage, this is the Ed = (Je + Jr)( ) x n + n x td√3UIdcosϕd S10 same 2formula as S630 ratio of the period of operating time with a load during the cycle to the total duration of the cycle where the motor is In addition, seeE m the ≥ E d warning + Ef regarding energized. precautions to be taken. Variations in voltage and/orT frequency greater than standard shouldIn2 also be taken into Operating factor (OF) account. The application should also Expressed as a percentage, this is the be taken into account (general at ratio of the motor power-on time during constant torque, centrifugal at quadratic the cycle to the total cycle time, provided torque, etc.). that the total cycle time is less than 10 minutes.
Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b 27 IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Power - Torque - Efficiency - Power Factor (Cosj)
CALCULATING DERATING EQUIVALENT THERMAL TRANSIENT OVERLOAD 2 2 n x td x [ID/In x P] + (3600 - n x td)P u x fdm Pn= Input criteria (load) CONSTANT √ 3600 AFTER OPERATION IN TYPE - rms power during the cycle = P The equivalent thermal constant enables S1 DUTY CYCLE - Moment of inertia related to the speed the machine cooling time to be 2 . At rated voltage and frequency, the Σ(P i ti) of the motor: Je predetermined. P = motors can withstand an overload of: √ Σti - Operating factor = OF 140% for 10” maximum. - Class of starts per hour = n ∆θ Σn (P2 . t ) P2 . t + P120%2 . t ... + for P2 .5’t maximum, once an hour. 1 i i = 1 1 2 2 n n - Resistive torque during starting = Mr P = n ... √ Σ 1ti √ t1 + t2 + tn Rated ∆θ (stop) 2 2 However, it is necessary to ensure that Selectionn x t din x [IcatalogD/In x P] + (3600 - n x td)P u x fdm Pn= π (Je + Jr) the maximum torque is much greater √ 3600 t = . N . - Motor rated power = PN d 30 M - M Rated ∆θ x 0.5 mot r than 1.5 times the rated torque - Starting current Id, cosϕD corresponding to the overload. 2 . . 2 - MomentΣ(P ofi t i)inertia of rotor Jr 1 π N P = Ed = (Je + Jr)( ) x n + n x td√3UIdcosϕd - Average√ Σt startingi torque Mmot 2 30 - Efficiency at PN(ηPN) and at P(ηP) t INFLUENCE OF LOAD ON T Σn (P2 . t ) P2 . t + P2 . t ... + P2 . t 1 i i = 1 1 2 2 n n Em ≥ Ed + Ef EFFICIENCY AND THE COS j P = n ... Calculations√ Σ 1ti √ t1 + t2 + tn 2 2 See the selection data. n x td x [ID/In x P] + (3600 - n x td)P u x fdm - StartingPn= time: √ 3600 Thermal constant = T = 1.44 T Overrating motors in a number of π In2 . . (Je + Jr) td = N applications causes them to operate at 30 Mmot - Mr Cooling curve Δθ = f(t) about 3/4 load, resulting in optimum 2 . - CumulativeΣ(P i ti) starting time per hour: motor efficiency. P = . 2 √1 Σti π N where: En =x td(J + J ) x n + n x t 3UI cosϕ d 2 e r ( 30 ) d√ d d
- EnergyΣn to(P2 be . t ) dissipated P2 . t + per P2 . hourt ... + P during2 . t Δθ = temperature rise in S1 duty 1 i i = 1 1 2 2 n n P =√ n √ ... startsEm ≥ E=d sum+Σ E1fti of the energyt1 + tdissipated2 + tn in the rotor (= inertia acceleration energy) T = time taken to go from the nominal and theπ energy dissipated in the stator T . . (Je + Jr) td = N temperature rise to half its value duringIn2 30 the cumulativeMmot - Mr starting time per hour: π . 2 t = time 1 N 2 2 Ed = (Jne x+ tJdr )x( [ID/In) x xP] n ++ n(3600 x td√ 3UI- n dxcos td)Pϕdu x fdm Pn=2 30 √ 3600 ln= natural logarithm - Energy to be dissipated during
Em ≥ Ed + E2f . operationΣ(P i ti) P =√ Eƒ = P. (1Σti - ηP) . [(OF) x 3600 - n x td] T In2 - EnergyΣn that(P2 . tthe) motorP2 . t can + P2 dissipate. t ... + P2 . t at 1 i i = 1 1 2 2 n n P = n ... rated √powerΣ 1t i with√ the Operatingt1 + t2 + tn Factor for Intermittent Duty. π (J + J ) Em = (OF). . 3600e r . PN.(1 - ηPN) td = N (The heat30 dissipatedMmot - Mr when the motor is at rest can be ignored). 1 π . N 2 E = (J + J ) x n + n x t 3UI cosϕ d 2 e r ( 30 ) d√ d d Dimensioning is correct if the following relationship is verified =
Em ≥ Ed + Ef If the sum of Ed + Eƒ is lower than T 0.75In2 Em, check whether a motor with the next lowest power would be more suitable.
28 Leroy-Somer - Liquid-Cooled Motors - LC Series - 5370 en - 2017.05 / b IMfinity® - LC Liquid-Cooled 3-Phase Induction Motors Operation Noise Level
The weighting is carried out on sound NOISE EMITTED BY A few basic definitions: ROTATING MACHINES meters using filters whose bandwidth takes into account, to a certain extent, The unit of reference is the bel, and In a compressible medium, the the physiology of the human ear: the sub-multiple decibel dB is used mechanical vibrations of an elastic body here. create pressure waves which are Filter A: used for low and medium noise characterized by their amplitude and levels. High attenuation, narrow Sound pressure level in dB bandwidth. frequency. The pressure waves constitute P L = 20log P p = 2.10-5 Pa Lp = 20log10( P ) p0 = 2.10 Pa an audible noise if they have a frequency Filter B: used for very high noise levels. P0 of between 16 Hz and 16,000 Hz. Wide bandwidth. Sound power level in (dB) Filter C: very low attenuation over the P P -12 Noise is measured by a microphone LW = 10log10( ) p0 = 10 W whole of the audible frequency range. W 10( P 0 ) 0 linked to a frequency analyzer. P0 Measurements are taken in an anechoic Filter A is used most frequently for sound chamber on machines at no-load, and a levels emitted by rotating machinery. It is Sound intensity level in dB I L = 10log I I = 10-12 W/m2 this filter which has been used to establish LW = 10log10( ) I0 = 10 W/m sound pressure level Lp or a sound ( I 0 ) power level Lw can then be established. the standardized characteristics. Measurement can also be carried out in Attenuation situ on machines which may be on-load, dB using an acoustic intensity meter which can differentiate between sound 0 A sources and identify the sound emissions C B + C from the machine. 10 B 20 The concept of noise is linked to hearing. The auditory sensation is determined by 30 integrating weighted frequency components with isosonic curves (giving 40 A a sensation of constant sound level) according to their intensity. 50 Frequency Hz 60 20 50 100 500 1000 5000 10,000 16,000
CORRECTION OF MEASUREMENTS For differences of less than 10 dB between 2 sound sources or where there is background noise, corrections can be made by addition or subtraction using the rules below.