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The Queer" Third Species": Tragicomedy in Contemporary
The Queer “Third Species”: Tragicomedy in Contemporary LGBTQ American Literature and Television A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department English and Comparative Literature of the College of Arts and Sciences by Lindsey Kurz, B.A., M.A. March 2018 Committee Chair: Dr. Beth Ash Committee Members: Dr. Lisa Hogeland, Dr. Deborah Meem Abstract This dissertation focuses on the recent popularity of the tragicomedy as a genre for representing queer lives in late-twentieth and twenty-first century America. I argue that the tragicomedy allows for a nuanced portrayal of queer identity because it recognizes the systemic and personal “tragedies” faced by LGBTQ people (discrimination, inadequate legal protection, familial exile, the AIDS epidemic, et cetera), but also acknowledges that even in struggle, in real life and in art, there is humor and comedy. I contend that the contemporary tragicomedy works to depart from the dominant late-nineteenth and twentieth-century trope of queer people as either tragic figures (sick, suicidal, self-loathing) or comedic relief characters by showing complex characters that experience both tragedy and comedy and are themselves both serious and humorous. Building off Verna A. Foster’s 2004 book The Name and Nature of Tragicomedy, I argue that contemporary examples of the tragicomedy share generic characteristics with tragicomedies from previous eras (most notably the Renaissance and modern period), but have also evolved in important ways to work for queer authors. The contemporary tragicomedy, as used by queer authors, mixes comedy and tragedy throughout the text but ultimately ends in “comedy” (meaning the characters survive the tragedies in the text and are optimistic for the future). -
Greek Theory of Tragedy: Aristotle's Poetics
Greek Theory of Tragedy: Aristotle's Poetics The classic discussion of Greek tragedy is Aristotle's Poetics. He defines tragedy as "the imitation of an action that is serious and also as having magnitude, complete in itself." He continues, "Tragedy is a form of drama exciting the emotions of pity and fear. Its action should be single and complete, presenting a reversal of fortune, involving persons renowned and of superior attainments, and it should be written in poetry embellished with every kind of artistic expression." The writer presents "incidents arousing pity and fear, wherewith to interpret its catharsis of such of such emotions" (by catharsis, Aristotle means a purging or sweeping away of the pity and fear aroused by the tragic action). The basic difference Aristotle draws between tragedy and other genres, such as comedy and the epic, is the "tragic pleasure of pity and fear" the audience feel watching a tragedy. In order for the tragic hero to arouse these feelings in the audience, he cannot be either all good or all evil but must be someone the audience can identify with; however, if he is superior in some way(s), the tragic pleasure is intensified. His disastrous end results from a mistaken action, which in turn arises from a tragic flaw or from a tragic error in judgment. Often the tragic flaw is hubris, an excessive pride that causes the hero to ignore a divine warning or to break a moral law. It has been suggested that because the tragic hero's suffering is greater than his offense, the audience feels pity; because the audience members perceive that they could behave similarly, they feel pity. -
Proceedings First Annual Palo Alto Conference
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST ANNUAL PALO ALTO CONFERENCE An International Conference on the Mexican-American War and its Causes and Consequences with Participants from Mexico and the United States. Brownsville, Texas, May 6-9, 1993 Palo Alto Battlefield National Historic Site Southwest Region National Park Service I Cover Illustration: "Plan of the Country to the North East of the City of Matamoros, 1846" in Albert I C. Ramsey, trans., The Other Side: Or, Notes for the History of the War Between Mexico and the I United States (New York: John Wiley, 1850). 1i L9 37 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST ANNUAL PALO ALTO CONFERENCE Edited by Aaron P. Mahr Yafiez National Park Service Palo Alto Battlefield National Historic Site P.O. Box 1832 Brownsville, Texas 78522 United States Department of the Interior 1994 In order to meet the challenges of the future, human understanding, cooperation, and respect must transcend aggression. We cannot learn from the future, we can only learn from the past and the present. I feel the proceedings of this conference illustrate that a step has been taken in the right direction. John E. Cook Regional Director Southwest Region National Park Service TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction. A.N. Zavaleta vii General Mariano Arista at the Battle of Palo Alto, Texas, 1846: Military Realist or Failure? Joseph P. Sanchez 1 A Fanatical Patriot With Good Intentions: Reflections on the Activities of Valentin GOmez Farfas During the Mexican-American War. Pedro Santoni 19 El contexto mexicano: angulo desconocido de la guerra. Josefina Zoraida Vazquez 29 Could the Mexican-American War Have Been Avoided? Miguel Soto 35 Confederate Imperial Designs on Northwestern Mexico. -
~Lagf8lll COM PAN I E SIN C
June 2001 BAMcinematek 2001 Spring Season ___ 651 AFLlS Andres Serrano, Hooded Warbler II, 2000 BAM Spring Season sponsor: PHILIP MORRIS ~lAGf8lll COM PAN I E SIN C. 200] Spriog Brooklyn Academy of Music Bruce C. Ratner Alan H. Fishman Chairman of the Board Chairman, Campaign for BAM Karen Brooks Hopkins Joseph V. Melillo President Executive Prod ucer presents The Ghost Sonata The Royal Dramatic Theatre of Sweden Approximate BAM Harvey Lichtenstein Theater running time: June 20-23,2001, at 7:30pm 1 hour and June 24, at 3pm 35 minutes with Performed in Swedish with simultaneous English translation no intermission Written by August Strindberg Directed by Ingmar Bergman Set design Giiran Wassberg Costume design Anna Bergman Lighting design Pierre Leveau Wigs and masks Leif Qvistriim, Barbro Forsgardh Choreography Virpi Pahkinen Translation Inga Stina Ewbank BAM Theater sponsors: AOL Time Warner Inc. and Fleet Leadership support: The Peter Jay Sharp Foundation; The Shubert Foundation, Inc.; The Norman & Rosita Winston Foundation, Inc.; and The SHS Foundation Major support: The Barbra Osher Pro Suecia Foundation Additional support: Consulate General of Sweden and Trallback & Company Official airline for the BAM presentation of The Royal Dramatic Theatre of Sweden's The Ghost Sonata: Scandinavian Airlines 17 The Cast The Old Man Jan Malmsjo The Student Jonas Malmsjo The Milkmaid Virpi Pahkinen The Doorman's Wife Gertrud Mariano The Dead Man Nils Eklund The Dark Lady Gerthi Kulle The Young Lady Elin Klinga The Colonel Per Myrberg Mummy Gunnel -
Revisiting Shakespeare's Problem Plays: the Merchant of Venice
Hacettepe University Graduate School of Social Sciences Department of English Language and Literature REVISITING SHAKESPEARE’S PROBLEM PLAYS: THE MERCHANT OF VENICE, HAMLET AND MEASURE FOR MEASURE Emine Seda ÇAĞLAYAN MAZANOĞLU Ph.D. Dissertation Ankara, 2017 REVISITING SHAKESPEARE’S PROBLEM PLAYS: THE MERCHANT OF VENICE, HAMLET AND MEASURE FOR MEASURE Emine Seda ÇAĞLAYAN MAZANOĞLU Hacettepe University Graduate School of Social Sciences Department of English Language and Literature Ph.D. Dissertation Ankara, 2017 v For Hayriye Gülden, Sertaç Süleyman and Talat Serhat ÇAĞLAYAN and Emre MAZANOĞLU vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my endless gratitude to my supervisor, Prof. Dr. A. Deniz BOZER for her great support, everlasting patience and invaluable guidance. Through her extensive knowledge and experience, she has been a model for me. She has been a source of inspiration for my future academic career and made it possible for me to recognise the things that I can achieve. I am extremely grateful to Prof. Dr. Himmet UMUNÇ, Prof. Dr. Burçin EROL, Asst. Prof. Dr. Şebnem KAYA and Asst. Prof. Dr. Evrim DOĞAN ADANUR for their scholarly support and invaluable suggestions. I would also like to thank Dr. Suganthi John and Michelle Devereux who supported me by their constant motivation at CARE at the University of Birmingham. They were the two angels whom I feel myself very lucky to meet and work with. I also would like to thank Prof. Dr. Michael Dobson, the director of the Shakespeare Institute and all the members of the Institute who opened up new academic horizons to me. I would like to thank Dr. -
Expressionism and Modernism New Approaches to August Strindberg
Expressionism and Modernism New Approaches to August Strindberg Edited by Michael Robinson and Sven Hakon Rossel Edition Praesens Wien 1999 7 Contents Foreword 11 Preface 13 Lotta Gavel Adams The Dance of Death I: The Hells of August Strindberg And Lars Noren - from Swedenborgian Vastation to Bourgeois Waste Land 17 Paul Austin August Strindberg, Sam Shepard, and the Expressionist Impulse 25 Friedrich Buchmayr August Strindberg and the Altered Perception of Modernism 33 Piotr Bukowski August Strindberg and the Expressionist Aesthetics of Par Lagerkvist 47 Harry G. Carlson Theme, Image and Style in August Strindberg's Expressionism 53 Barry Jacobs Expressionist Elements in August Strindberg's Charles the Twelfth 63 Hermann Keckeis August Strindberg and German Opera: Studies in the Transposition of the Genre of Strindberg's Plays in Operatic Dramaturgy - a Textual Analysis 79 Arturo Larcarti August Strindberg in the Periodicals of Austrian Expressionism 93 Barbara Lide Stations of Expressionism: The Great Highway from To Damascus to Contemporary Performance 101 Brigitte Marschall Higher States of Consciousness in August Strindberg's 'Inferno Dramas' 111 Christopher Joseph Mitchell Gender and Marriage Construction Across the 'Inferno': August Strindberg's The Father and The Dance of Death I 121 Jan Myrdal An Exemplary Phase Reversal: The Modernity of August Strindberg 129 UlfOlsson The Bloodstained Sign: The Problem of Expressivity in August Strindberg's Black Banners 139 Michael Robinson August Strindberg and Musical Expressionism in Vienna -
The Cambridge Companion to August Strindberg Edited by Michael Robinson Frontmatter More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-60852-7 - The Cambridge Companion to August Strindberg Edited by Michael Robinson Frontmatter More information the cambridge companion to august strindberg August Strindberg is one of the most enduring of nineteenth-century dramatists, and is also an internationally recognized novelist, autobiographer and painter. This Companion presents contributions by leading international scholars on different aspects of Strindberg’s highly colourful life and work. The essays focus primarily on his most celebrated plays; these include the naturalist dramas, The Father and Miss Julie; the experimental dramas with which he created a true modernist theatre – To Damascus and A Dream Play; and the Chamber Plays of 1908 which, like so much of his work, exerted a powerful influence on later twentieth-century drama. His plays are contextualized for what they contribute both to the history of drama and developments in theatre practice, and other essays clarify the enormous importance to these dramas of his other work, most notably the autobiographical novel Inferno, and his lifelong interest in science, the occult, sexual politics and the visual arts. michael robinson is Professor Emeritus of Drama and Scandinavian Studies at the University of East Anglia, Norwich. He is the author of Strindberg and Autobiography (1986) and Studies in Strindberg (1998), and has translated a two-volume selection of Strindberg’s letters (1992), a collection of his essays (1996) and five of the plays (1998). He has edited five volumes of essays on Strindberg and Ibsen, and is also the General Editor of the Cambridge Plays in Production series. His three-volume International Annotated Bibliography of Strindberg Studies was published by the MHRA in 2008. -
Unit 4 Different Types of Drama
UNIT 4 DIFFERENT TYPES OF DRAMA 4.1 Introduction 4.4 Tragi-Comedy 4.5 History Plays 4.6 Problem Play 4.7 Realistic Drama 4.8 Poet~cDrania 4.9 Epic Theatre 4.10 Theatre of the Absurd 4.1 I Classical Sanskrit Theatre 4.12 Let Us Sum Up 4.13 Exercises 4.14 Suggested Readings 4.0 OBJECTIVES The objectives of this unit is to discuss in detail the klnds of drama that we see being performed or read. Plays are categorised and labelled as tragedy, comedy, history, problem plays, poetic drama. epic drama, the theatre of the absurd, etc. The present unit explains as to how these distinctions are made; what reasons behind the specific labels are; and what time period (socially and politically) has been responsible for their growth. The unit has a sub-division on Indian Classical Sanskrit Theatre which discusses the Indian aesthetic theory. One would do well not to ignore Sanskrit drama as it has been a landmark development in the growth of theatre at the world level. This also initiates the growth of drama as part of new literatures which is inclusive of Spanish, German, French, Indian dramatic writing, 4.1 INTRODUCTION Different types of Drama have existed down the ages from Greek classical theatre to the present times. We have already read about the origin and growth of drama in our first unit. Let us answer a few questions about drama which helps us understand the different kinds of drama entertaining, realistic, romantic, relations-based, theme- 4.2 TRAGEDY Aristotle first defined tragedy in his Poetic's around 330 BC. -
Strindberg Acrossborders Low.Pdf
Strindberg across Borders edited by Massimo Ciaravolo © 2016 Copyright Istituto Italiano Studi Germanici Via Calandrelli, 25 – 00153 Roma The volume has been published with the contribution of The King Gustaf VI Adolf Foundation for Swedish Culture (Stiftelsen Konung Gustaf VI Adolfs fond för svensk kultur) and the patronage of: Associazione Culturale di Scandinavistica Milano Firenze ISBN: 978-88-95868-20-2 Strindberg across Borders edited by Massimo Ciaravolo Table of Contents 5 Acknowledgements 7 Massimo Ciaravolo, Introduction WORLD LITERATURE 15 Vera Gancheva, August Strindberg – The Phoenix 31 Ann-Charlotte Gavel Adams, Constructing Strindberg’s Life across Borders and Times TRANSLATION 41 Elisabeth Tegelberg, En Strindbergessä i kontrastiv belysning 63 Alexander Künzli and Gunnel Engwall, Strindberg and Transna tionality: The Case of Le Plaidoyer d’un fou GENDER, POLITICS AND SCIENCE 83 Tobias Dahlkvist, Strindberg som vansinnigt geni. Strindberg, Lom broso och frågan om geniets patologi 93 Massimo Ciaravolo, Between Literature and Politics. Strindberg and Scandinavian Radicalism as Seen through his Relationship with Edvard Brandes, Branting and Bjørnson 125 Cecilia Carlander, Strindberg och det androgyna O UTWARD AND INWARD, LOWER AND UPPER REALITY 139 Annie Bourguignon, Var går gränsen mellan jaget och makterna? 151 Deimantė Dementavičiūtė-Stankuvienė, Across Dream: Archety pical Images in Strindberg’s Dream Plays 163 Polina Lisovskaya, Christmas Eve in Strindberg’s Oeuvre 4 Table of Contents 179 Astrid Regnell, Konstens verklighet i En blå bok FORMS OF INTERTEXTUALITY 191 Maria Cristina Lombardi, Grotti and Loki: Two Mythological Be ings in Strindberg’s Literary Production 207 Andreas Wahlberg, Början i moll och finalen i dur. Om överträdan det av den osynliga gränsen i Strindbergs Ensam och Goethes Faust 219 Roland Lysell, Stora landsvägen som summering och metadrama 231 Martin Hellström, Strindberg for Children. -
The Mold of Writing for Emelie and Alice Örebro Studies in Literary History and Criticism 10
The Mold of Writing For Emelie and Alice Örebro Studies in Literary History and Criticism 10 Erik van Ooijen The Mold of Writing Style and Structure in Strindberg’s Chamber Plays For Emelie and Alice Örebro Studies in Literary History and Criticism 10 Erik van Ooijen The Mold of Writing Style and Structure in Strindberg’s Chamber Plays Abstract Erik van Ooijen (2010): The Mold of Writing. Style and Structure in Strindberg’s Chamber Plays. Örebro Studies in Literary History and Criticism 10, 216 pp. The thesis examines the five plays published by August Strindberg under the label of Chamber Plays: Stormy Weather, The Burned Lot, The Ghost Sonata, The Pelican (all 1907), and The Black Glove (1909). It takes its point of departure in a particular aspect of Strindberg’s way of writing as he actually describes it him- self: during the act of deliberate composing, a productive fever tends to emerge bringing an element of chance to the work. The thesis defines the effect produced by this “fever” as the tension generated between, on the one hand, structure or form, and, on the other hand, style or writing. These concepts are associated with a tradition, primarily in French literary theory, which pays attention to what is described as a friction between the general linguistic aspect of literature (genres, recurring and recognizable patterns) and the individual aspect (the peculiar and idiosyncratic style of an author embodied in his material habitus). Thus the ambi- guity found in the thesis’ title: the “mold” alludes partly to the stereotypes or ma- trices of language, partly to the “fungi” that, according to Strindberg, could be considered an adequate image for writing; the poetic work, says Strindberg, grows like mold from the author’s brain. -
Some Problematics of Bernard Shaw's Drama Regjina Gokaj
European Scientific Journal Some problematics of Bernard shaw's drama Regjina Gokaj University “Aleksandër Moisiu” Durres, Albania Abstract: If one considers the history of the British drama, the modern theatre was free to develop around the end of the nineteenth century. During the last two decades of that period and the very beginnings of the twentieth century it is well noticed the revitalization and a new dimension of the drama not only in Britain but throughout Europe. The playwrights started writing a new kind of drama away from the conventional one of the Victorian period. They started treating real problems of everyday life, leaving behind the myth of the hero. They were focused mostly in realistic concerns of social matters. One of the greatest representatives of this period who is known to have paved the way to Modern Theatre and considered as the master of the problem plays or drama of ideas is George Bernard Shaw. The elements of his drama, such as the paradox used for teasing, the ability of making people reflect by compelling them to laugh, the ability to show to the audience the other side of the truth etc. make him a very distinguished playwright. Introduction: The playwright Bernard Shaw was famous not only for his dramas, but as an essayist and art critic, poet and novelist. He is acknowledged as the greatest dramatist of British Literature after Shakespeare’s contribution to British Theatre. The upheaval of British drama comes out through Shaw’s counteractions of theatrical conventions and the realistic illustration of social concerns in his plays. -
The Taming of the Shrew: Deproblematising a Problem Play
THE TAMING OF THE SHREW: DEPROBLEMATISING A PROBLEM PLAY Rana TEKÇAN * From Juliet’s “ What’s in a name? ” to Bottom’s “ Methought I was – there is no man can tell what” , Shakespeare is preoccupied with identity and its endless permutations. One product of this preoccupation is The Taming of the Shrew which emphatically engages in questions of who one is, who one choses or is forced to be; questions of how one is capable of putting on/taking off an identity as if it “ were essentially a suit of clothes ”1. Dealing with these questions – especially ones presented in conjunction with the misogynic “taming plot” – proved to be difficult for 20th century critics. As Stevie Davies writes in her appropriately titled chapter “Shakespeare Can’t Have Meant It (Can He?)”, the criticism of the play was “dominated by feelings of unease and embarrasment, accompanied by the desire to prove that Shakespeare cannot have meant what he seems to be saying; and that therefore he cannot really be saying it ”2. This desire for a proof led some critics to assign the play an undercurrent that moves counter to its apparent misogyny. Others saw in it elements of Brechtian alienation; still others read it as a historical representation of gender politics 3. The focal point of these various approaches was Shakespeare’s “intention” and it was a risky point to move from. There is, of course, no way of knowing Shakespeare’s intention. More significantly perhaps, as Marjorie Garber reminds us, we do not even have a single point of view in a play, and Shakespeare is particularly gifted in “ provid[ing], in almost every case, a credible contrary argument, on stage, to what might seem to be a prevailing view point ”4.