Fragmenta Mineralogica Et Palaentologica 17. 1994. (Budapest, 1994)
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FRAGMENTA MINERALOGICA ET PALAEONTOLOGICA 17. BUDAPEST 1994 p. 71-89. Cricetinus beremendensis sp. n. (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Pliocene fauna of Beremend 15. (S Hungary) by J. HÍR Hír. J.: Cricetinus beremendensis sp. n. (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Pliocene fauna of Beremend 15. (S Hungary). - Fragm. Min. et Pal, 17: 71-89. Abstract: The detailed description of the new species is given with the discussion of the systematic and stratigraphie relationships. INTRODUCTION Beremend is situated in the southernmost point of Hungary (Baranya County) 9 km from Villány. The limestone quarry of the village yielded the classical vertebrate faunae studied for more than a century (see in Jánossy, 1986). The fauna of the locality Beremend 15. was collected by Jánossy (1987, 1990, 1992). He gave the review of the material and the special study of the bird remains. From biochronological point of view the most important species are Estramomys simplex Jánossy, Mimomys cf. hajnac kens is Fejfar, Mimomys cf. hungaricus Kormos, Mimomys cf. pusillus Méhely, Mimomys cf. reidi Hinton, Mimomys cf. pitymyoides Jánossy & Meulen and Dolomys milieu Nehring. The aim of this paper is to give the detailed analysis of the small-sized cricetid finds of the locality Beremend 15. METHODS The measurements [LM 1-3 = length of upper toothrow; Lm 1-3 = length of lower toothrow; L = length of the toothcrown; Wa = anterior width of the toothcrown at the protocon(-id) - paracon(-id) or anterocon(-id) (on Ml, ml) height; Wp = posterior width of the toothcrown at the hypocon(-id) - metacon(-id) height] were taken by the ocularmic- rometer of a stereomicroscope following the method by Pradel (1981, 1988) and worked out by the basic statistic parameters (N = sample size, min.-max. = observation range, X - arithmetic mean, SD = standard deviation). The dimensions are given in mm. The morphological investigation is based on the nomenclature of Fahlbusch (1964) and Mein & Freudenthal (1971). The strongly worn teeth were not counted into the morphological examination. In the morphological distributions "+" means the presence, and "-" means the absence of the investigated element. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION Order: RODENTIA Bowdich, 1821 Family: CRICETIDAE Rochebrune, 1883 Subfamily: Cricetinae Murray, 1866 Genus: Cricetinus Zdansky, 1928 Cricetinus beremendensis sp. n. (Figs. 1-3, 5, 8, 10, 15-17) Holotype: mandibula fr. dext. with ml-m3 (Figs. 1,3.). Paratype: maxilla fr. sin. with M1-M3 (Fig. 2.). Type-locality: Beremend 15, southern Hungary. Stratum typicum: terra rossa, karstic fissure filling. Age: MN unit 16a, Lower Villafranchian, Villanyian in the system of Mein (1975) and De Bruijn et al. (1992). In the zonation Fig. 1. Toothrow ofFejfar et Heinrich (1986) it refers to the Mimomys hajnackensis of the holotype of zone of the Borsodia-Dolomys stage in the Villafranchian. After Cricetinus beremen- the system of Jánossy (1979, 1986) it refers to the Beremendian densis sp. n. phase of the Lower Pleistocene. Derivatio nominis: after the name of the locality. Diagnosis: small sized Cricetinus species, smaller than Cricetinus europaeus Kretzoi, 1959 írom Csarnóta 2. In the ml the anteroconid is undivided or weakly divided, the anterolophulid is mainly underdeveloped, mesolophid does not exist. Measurements of the holotype and paratype: Lml-3: 5.0L Ml-3: 46 Ml M2 M3 ml m2 m3 L: 2.02 1.43 1.22 1.96 1.64 1.48 Wa: 0.98 1.29 1.11 0.73 1.26 1.34 Wp: 1.29 1.25 1.19 1.26 Preliminary determinations: "Allocricetus éhiki" (Jánossy 1987, 1990) Material: 1 maxilla with complete toothrow, 10 maxillae fr. with incomplete toothrows, 6 mandibulae with complete tooth- rows, 20 mandibulae fr. with incomplete toothrows. 35M1, 39M2, 13M3, 54ml, 38m2, 40m3 Deposition: Department of Geol. and Pal, Hungarian Natural History Museum. Fig. 2. Toothrow of the paratype of Cricetinus beremen densis sp. n. Ml (Figs. 5, 19) On the mesial (anterior) surface of the ante- rocone a protrusion of the enamel (pre-antero- cone cingulum) or small conulet is frequent. The anterocone is always divided. The antero- lophule connects the two cones of the antero cone with the protocone in "Y" shape. The an- terolophule has no spurs. The parastyle and the entostyle are rare. In 20 molars the paracone Fig. 3. Lingual profile of the has anterior connection towards the anterior holotype Cricetinus beremendensis margin of the protocone (in this case there is a sp. n, fragmentary mandible closed basin between the protocone and para cone). In 24 molars the paracone has not anterior connection. Mesolophe does not exist. The metacone is always connected with the posterolophe without metalophule. Dimensions: N: 44 min.-max. X SD L: 1.90-2.21 2.06 0.06475 Wa: 0.95-1.12 1.03 0.05152 Wp: 1.20-1.40 1.30 0.04904 a b c d e f Fig. 4. Mesial (anteriro) profiles of ml molars, (a, b: Allocricetus bursae, Tarkő, layer 16, V. 67. 97. Hung. Nat. Hist. Mus.; c, d: Cricetinus beremendensis, Beremend 15 (c=holotype); e, f: Cricetinus europaeus, Csarnóta 2 (e=holotype) Morphological distribution A preanterocone cingulum paracone anterior connection 7 % B preanterocone cingulum paracone anterior connection 19 43.% C preanterocone cingulum paracone anterior connection parastyle 2 4.5% Dpreanterocone cingulum paracone anterior connection 17 38.7% Fig. 5. Occlusal surface of a E preanterocone cingulum Cricetinus paracone anterior connection beremendensis Ml parastyle molar entostyle 1 2.3% (D-morphotype) Fpreanterocone cingulum paracone anterior connection 2 4.5% total 44 100.0% M2 (Figs. 8, 20) The 4 main cusps and the anterior cingula are the constant elements of the teeth. Relatively rare accessory elements are the small remnant mesolophe, the mesostyle, the entostyle and the "parametalophule" which is an enamel crest between the metalophule and the posteroloph trimming the metacone on the lingual side (Fig. 26). Dimensions: N: 43 min.-max. X SD Fig. 6. Cricetinus L 1.39-1.71 1.55 0.06356 europaeus Ml Wa 1.20-1.40 1.29 0.06367 molar (holotype, Wp 1.11-1.29 1.21 0.04567 Hung. Geol. Inst, Morphological distribution V. 12769) A mesolophe -, parametalophule 28 67% B mesolophe +, parametalophule 4 9% C mesolophe +, parametalophule I 2% D mesolophe -, parametalophule mesostyle +, entostyle 5% E mesolophe -, parametalophule mesostyle -, entostyle F mesolophe -, parametalophule mesostyle +, entostyle 10% G mesolophe +, parametalophule mesostyle +, entostyle 1 2% total 42 100% M3 (Figs. 17, 21) On the crowns of the molars there are not any accessory elements with statistic occurrence Fig. 7.' Cricetinus Dimensions: N: 24 europaeus Ml min - max. X SD molar (no. 10). L 1.15-1.4 1.27 0.06546 with small, Wa 1.04-1.19 1.11 0.04947 remnant mesolophe ml (Figs. 4, 10, 13, 22) The mesial (anterior) surface of the teeth is smooth. The anteroco- nid is mainly undivided (69 %) or weakly divided. In the latter case the division is visible only on the distal (posterior) surface of the anteroconids. The well developed anterolophulid is rare. In the most cases it is indistinct (does not emerge from the level of the anterosi- nusid) or missing. If the anterolophulid is developed it can be con nected with the labial or with the lingual part of the anteroconid and in one case it is doubled. The mesolophid and mesostylid are missing. The terminal part of the posterolophuhd is slightly broadening out. Fig. 8. Dimensions: N: 67 Cricetinus min.-max. X SD beremendensis L 1.76-2.10 1.89 0.07225 Ml molar (no. Wa 0.59-0.84 0.70 0.06383 3/2) Wp 1.05-1.21 1.13 0.03671 Morphological distribution A ACD undivided, ALPLD weak B ACD weakly divided, ALPLD weak C ACD undivided, ALPLD- D ACD weakly divided, ALPLD well developed 13 18% E ACD weakly divided, ALPLD - 2 2% Fi8- 9- F ACD undivided, ALPLD well developed 4 5% Cricetinus Total 72 100% europaeus M2 molar (Holotypus) Fig. 10. Cricetinus beremendensis ml molars (a: no. 19, b: no. 20, c: no. 31) Fig. 11. Cricetinus europaeus ml molar (Holotypus) Fig. 12. Cricetinus europaeus ml molar from Csarnóta 2 (with remnant mesolophid) Fig. 13. Cricetinus beremendensis ml from Csarnóta 4 Fig. 14. Cricetinus europaeus m2 molar from Csarnóta 2 with extremely developed mesolophid and separated posterolophuhd Fig. 15. Cricetinus beremendensis ml molar (no. 26, morphotype C) Fig. 16. Cricetinus beremendensis ml molar (no. 47 morphotype F) Fig. 17. Cricetinus beremendensis M3 molar (no. 17) Fig. 18. Cricetinus europaeus M3 molar (no. 18), with mesolophe ni2 (Figs. 15, 16, 23) By the side of the constant antero-buccal cingulum a weakly developed antero-labial cingulum is relatively frequent. In some cases a short remnant mesolophid exists. The broadened terminal part of the posterolophuhd is sometimes separated from the hypoconid by a narrow part of the posterolophuhd. In 4 cases the posterolophuhd forked in Y-shape. The extra branch is called "posterolophuhd". Dimensions: N:64 min.-max. X SD L 1.40-1.65 1.53 0.053031 Wa 1.13-1.34 1.21 0.046987 Wp 1.08-1.36 1.21 0.056314 Morphological distribution A ALC +, ML -, PLD non separated 11 18% B ALC -, ML -, PLD non separated 20 33% C ALC +, ML -, PLD separated 8 13% D ALC -, ML -, PLD separated 11 18% E ALC +, ML -, PLD non sep, PLLD + 1 1.6% F ALC +, ML +, PLD non separated 4 6.6% G ALC -, ML -, PLD separated, PLLD + 1 1.6% H ALC -, ML +, PLD non separated 2 3.4% 1 ALC +, ML +, PLD separated, PLLD + 1 1.6% .1 ALC -, ML +, PLD separated 1 1.6% K ALC -, ML +, PLD non separated, PLLD + 1 1.6% Total: 61 100% m3 (Figs.