Canada's National Historic Parks Fort Beausejour

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Canada's National Historic Parks Fort Beausejour Canada's National Historic Parks Fort Beausejour ff.|HE storv of many of Canada's old forts is one of battles and bloodshed. of assauit I and defence, and sustained. courage of high order. But Fort Beausejour in New Brunswick, knew little of the real horrors of war. For both the French who buiit it and the Engiish who later captured it, the fort was, as it's name would suggest, "a good place in whicl to stay". Within it's walls there were dancing and feasting, laughter and merry- making, rivalling the days when Champlain instituted his famous "Order of the Good Time" at Port Royal Habitation. Attacked in 1755, before its actual completion, the foft was captured after a short s, lge by the English under Monckton. Following its capture the fort was strengthened ,rrd itid.f.rr"es extendecl by a system of entrenchments, traces of which still remain. In 1926 the site, including an acea of 59 acres, was established as a National Historic park, and since that time considerabte restoration work has been carried out. Important hi;to;ical events associated with the fort have been commemorated by the erection of suitable memorials. A large stone museum has been constructed near the entrance to the park ground.s, and coniains an interesting collection of exhibits relating to the his- toric Isthirus of Chignecto and the surrounding region. of the Acadians' bv the Powdor Magazine, Fort Beauseiour, N.B. ln the background: Lanc reclaimed at the timo eroction of dYkes'-2' ffi:r' t a -T I Aerial view, showing star-shapo of Fort Bsauseiour, N.B.-Cross shows the present location of the Museum buildina. -3-R.C.A.F. Photo. I F I I Museum building, Fort Beausejour, near Sackville, N.B'-5' ffi 1 ,F I l-ire-curtain. and Earth-works, Fort Beausejour, near Sackvalle, N.B.-6. I - i I I Saokville. N.ts. 7 ::ntranoe Gateway, and Caretaker's Cottege, Fort Boausejour' near ffi ry t, S MI -l F! E lnterior view of Museum, Fort Beausejour, noar Sackvills, N.B.-8 si!t 0t \ylll BHtTtSr. Old Weti at Fort tseausejour, near Sackville, N.u.-4 r r- &*' FI I "'P' . i-:; :]:T Picnic Pavilion on the Grounds, Fort Beausejour, near Sackville, N.B._9. c i o J o3 3 \r1 7- -:E>=Et"iF:O g:. BO HEts=EgE+ aa i p-l e pls Jr a l" ?n p rl o fr EifFE;:E ro rJ E EFA**-EQ o Fd q EH^EhIEE 7- o Eb P G ?\- c €uz=EFI-E E rJF} 7. o, o -D ?, BIiFEEAE o o E? ro '+ R5H+-:HHtr 1 ilo <EAB= FE -6- tli{rtiGi?tb2t ? -+! p -- I AD HONOREM DEI FECIT F M GROS A i ROCH EFORT I It31 l, * J^..,;ft; ,o oo) 1)ocorofi on o"Ot) fi"tt "' "t Scrt Be "r*jow Chtrch j"om D rowr,g nraDc b9 OrlOS&"ong fldn d nabbi6q. Original Fort Bell in Musoum, Fort Beausojour, near Sackville, N.B._12. a l- & r ' . :. ..4. ! .i .t tl i. : I 1 '. r lnterior, Community Building, Fort Beausejour, near Sackvill€, N.B._15. t Fort Beausejour, near Sackville, N.8., showing Musum buildang, Earthworks, and Uarrn.-l a JLE DE TA 'VAIL]ERT. TONIEE'S 1SI,ANE, J;\BIS eA?lfAl! 33 ;,;\eADtE, s]lu.l€ Elr&, ForT 3L?ilseJororR. E1 ?oa1 lr\mEileE, eotEfuEE rd 1676 ,\ ]iutHt- l?iBF ,E 1A y{!UiE, PRoiTaEN-{e, 1578- 3-4. Ollcd er\?{Ti! A'I'ED 3g1Y}3N FORT A}ID FOX1L$YREilEE, i\/llcflE! LB)iEo? DE Siil{Nout OF $ -IIlERii HI AETSD l|1i) r Dt,q*otit4ti.\o, -fablet, longe's tstand Momoriai, and Fort tseausejour, ncar Sackville, N.B. E-5 r_, L*rRErref{iL--+€= ts MAIN ROUTES TO THE NATIONAL PARKS IN NEW BR|.'NSW|CK, NOVA S@T|A + N -o ANO LA PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND Al *CIu.
Recommended publications
  • Cross-Border Employment in the Windsor-Essex & Southeastern
    Cross-Border Employment in the Windsor-Essex & Southeastern Michigan Corridor Photo Credit: Windsor-Essex Economic Development Corporation We would like to thank everyone who contributed their time, ideas and expertise to the Cross-Border Employment in the Windsor-Essex and Southeastern Michigan Corridor report. Workforce WindsorEssex would also like to thank Katie Renaud, Tashlyn Teskey, Heather Gregg, and Tanya Antoniw for their work in developing and authoring this report. Thanks are also due to the Ministry of Advanced Education and Skills Development for their support. Front and back cover designs by Imaginative Imaging Printing by Imaginative Imaging How did we do? We invite your feedback on all publications produced by Workforce WindsorEssex. www.workforcewindsoressex.com 880 N Service Rd #201, Windsor ON N8X 3J5 Phone: 226-674-3220 [email protected] This document may be freely quoted and reproduced without permission from Workforce WindsorEssex provided that the content remains the same and that the organization is acknowledged as the author of this document. Workforce WindsorEssex is committed to ongoing research to enhance local labour market planning in the Windsor-Essex region. Workforce WindsorEssex assumes no responsibility for its use or for the consequences of any errors or omissions. The views expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect those of the Government of Ontario or the Government of Canada. Ce projet est financè par le Gouvernement de l’Ontario 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ...........................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Métis Government Recognition and Self-Government Agreement
    Métis Government Recognition and Self-Government Agreement -between- Métis Nation of Ontario -and- Canada TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I DEFINITIONS, PURPOSE, RECOGNITION, AND FEDERAL RECOGNITION LEGISLATION ....................................................................3 Chapter 1: Definitions and Interpretation ...............................................................3 Definitions ..........................................................................................................3 Interpretation .....................................................................................................6 Chapter 2: Purpose ...................................................................................................6 Chapter 3: Federal Recognition ................................................................................7 Chapter 4: Federal Recognition Legislation.............................................................8 PART II SELF-GOVERNMENT IMPLEMENTATION ...............................................9 Chapter 5: Requirements ..........................................................................................9 PART III MÉTIS GOVERNMENT’S CONSTITUTION ................................................9 Chapter 6: Constitution ............................................................................................9 PART IV MÉTIS GOVERNMENT’S LEGAL STATUS, ROLE, JURISDICTION, LAWS, AND AUTHORITY ............................................................................ 11 Chapter 7: Legal Status and Capacity
    [Show full text]
  • Border Crossings in Michigan
    ReasonReason forfor PresentationPresentation ►►ProvideProvide informationinformation onon Michigan’sMichigan’s borderborder crossingscrossings && theirtheir importanceimportance ►►CurrentlyCurrently operatingoperating underunder anan implicitimplicit BorderBorder PolicyPolicy embeddedembedded withinwithin thethe StateState LongLong RangeRange PPllanan ►►WouldWould likelike toto adoptadopt anan explicitexplicit BorderBorder PolicyPolicy OverviewOverview ► EconomicEconomic ImportanceImportance ► MDOT’sMDOT’s VisionVision ► CurrentCurrent GGooalsals ► ActionAction PlanPlan ► PlanPlanss atat EEaachch CroCrossssiingng ► StrategiesStrategies ► TheThe NextNext StepsSteps MichiganMichigan vs.vs. MontanaMontana TransportationTransportation ElementsElements forfor EconomicEconomic GrowthGrowth TransportationTransportation ElementsElements forfor EconomicEconomic GrowthGrowth AA goodgood transportationtransportation system:system: ►►ProvidesProvides forfor thethe seamlessseamless flowflow ofof goods,goods, servicesservices && peoplepeople ►►IncludesIncludes aa goodgood freightfreight networknetwork ►►EnsuresEnsures basicbasic mobilitymobility ►►IsIs securesecure && providesprovides redundancyredundancy (Homeland(Homeland security)security) TransportationTransportation ElementsElements forfor EconomicEconomic GrowthGrowth AA goodgood freightfreight systemsystem has:has: ► SufficientSufficient capacitycapacity ► ConnectivConnectivityity betwebetweenen && amoamonngg modesmodes && facilitiefacilitiess ► ModeMode choice:choice: rail,rail, road,road,
    [Show full text]
  • Fort Beausejour National Historic Park Aulac, New Brunswick Canada
    Fort Beausejour National Historic Park Aulac, New Brunswick Canada Issued under the authority of the HONOURABLE ARTHUR LAING, P.C., M.P., B.S.A. Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Original Earthen Bastion of French Period Fort Beausejour National Historic Park Aulac, New Brunswick At the middle of the 18th century the dividing line between French and British influence in Acadia lay along the Missaguash River, one of the four rivers that drain the southern slope of the Isthmus of Chignecto. In 1710 New England militiamen and British regulars had captured the French Port Royal, thus in one engagement effecting the conquest of the Nova Scotia main- land. The Treaty of Utrecht, concluded three years later, formally transferred Acadia to Great Britain. But what was Acadia? The British hopefully believed parts of what is now New Brunswick were included. The French, confident that they would soon win back the Nova Scotia mainland, could not consider such a broad definition of the geographical limits of Acadia. They were determined to hold as much ground as they could. Time seemed to be in their favor. Against the weak and ill-disciplined garrison at Annapolis Royal and the few detachments occupying isolated posts in the peninsula, the French could send Indian raiding parties. While the British struggled against the harassments of the Indians, the population of Acadia—over­ whelmingly French—could be provoked to at least passive resistance against their alien conquerors. French power preserved at the Fortress of Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island and at the settlements of New France along the St.
    [Show full text]
  • Women of New France
    Women of New France Introducing New France Today it may be hard to imagine that vast regions of the North American continent were once claimed, and effectively controlled, by France. By 1763 some 70,000 French speakers based primarily in what is now the province of Quebec, managed to keep well over 1,000,000 British subjects confined to the Atlantic seaboard from Maine to Florida. France claimed land that included 15 current states, including all of Michigan. The early history of North America is a story of struggle for control of land and resources by Women in New France French settlers in Nouvelle France (New France in English), English settlers We know very little about the everyday lives of people in what in the Thirteen Colonies, and Native peoples who already lived in the areas was New France, particularly the women. Native women, from a that became the US and Canada. wide range of nations along the St. Lawrence and Great Lakes river system, had lived in North America for thousands of years before the arrival of French explorers. While there was a good deal of variety among Indian societies, most Native women lived more independent lives than did their European counterparts. In some societies, in addition to the usual child-rearing and household economy practices, Native women had real political power and could elect village and tribal leaders. New France 1719 European Women’s Roles European women’s lives, like those of their Native American counterparts, were shaped by the legal, cultural, and religious values of their society.
    [Show full text]
  • New France (Ca
    New France (ca. 1600-1770) Trade silver, beaver, eighteenth century Manufactured in Europe and North America for trade with the Native peoples, trade silver came in many forms, including ear bobs, rings, brooches, gorgets, pendants, and animal shapes. According to Adam Shortt,5 the great France, double tournois, 1610 Canadian economic historian, the first regular Originally valued at 2 deniers, the system of exchange in Canada involving Europeans copper “double tournois” was shipped to New France in large quantities during occurred in Tadoussac in the early seventeenth the early 1600s to meet the colony’s century. Here, French traders bartered each year need for low-denomination coins. with the Montagnais people (also known as the Innu), trading weapons, cloth, food, silver items, and tobacco for animal pelts, especially those of the beaver. Because of the risks associated with In 1608, Samuel de Champlain founded transporting gold and silver (specie) across the the first colonial settlement at Quebec on the Atlantic, and to attract and retain fresh supplies of St. Lawrence River. The one universally accepted coin, coins were given a higher value in the French medium of exchange in the infant colony naturally colonies in Canada than in France. In 1664, became the beaver pelt, although wheat and moose this premium was set at one-eighth but was skins were also employed as legal tender. As the subsequently increased. In 1680, monnoye du pays colony expanded, and its economic and financial was given a value one-third higher than monnoye needs became more complex, coins from France de France, a valuation that held until 1717 when the came to be widely used.
    [Show full text]
  • Métis Identity in Canada
    Métis Identity in Canada by Peter Larivière A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Geography Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2015, Peter Larivière Abstract The understanding and acknowledgement of Aboriginal rights has grown in importance within Canada as a result of the ever changing legal landscape and as Aboriginal groups more forcefully confront decades of colonial rule to assert their historic rights. While this has predominantly come out of First Nations issues, there has been a gradual increase in the rights cases by Métis communities. Primary among these was the 2003 Supreme Court of Canada Powley decision which introduced how Métis identity and community identification are key in a successful litigation claim by Métis. This research considers questions surrounding the contentious nature of Métis identity including how Métis see themselves and how their understandings are prescribed by others including the state, through tools such as the Census of Canada. ii Acknowledgements There is always a fear in acknowledging the support of individuals who assisted over the years that someone may be missed. So let me thank all those whose paths I have crossed and who in their own way set the stage for my being in this very place at this time. Without you I would not have made it here and I thank you. There are specific people who I do wish to highlight. My mother and father and my sister and her family all played a role not only in my formative years but continue to be part of my every day.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Gmc Acadia Live Like a Pro
    2020 GMC ACADIA LIVE LIKE A PRO ACADIA DENALI in Carbon Black Metallic (additional charge; premium paint) shown with available equipment. Improving on yesterday’s accomplishments is what it’s all about. Always doing more and doing it better. This uncompromising spirit is why the new Acadia is up to any task. With refined style, up to three rows of versatile configurations and advanced technologies, Acadia is designed to enhance your on-the-go lifestyle. Experience the SUV as capable as you are—the new 2020 GMC Acadia. ACADIA DENALI in Carbon Black Metallic (additional charge; premium paint) shown with available equipment. ANYWHERE WORTH GOING IS WORTH GOING WELL I NEW SCULPTED FRONT AND REAR DESIGN I SIGNATURE DENALI DESIGN, EXCLUSIVE GRILLE AND 20" WHEELS I LED HEADLAMPS AND TAIL LAMPS WITH SIGNATURE C-SHAPE DESIGN I HANDS-FREE PROGRAMMABLE POWER LIFTGATE WITH GMC LOGO PROJECTION I ADAPTIVE RIDE CONTROL IS AVAILABLE GET WELL-ACQUAINTED WITH WELL-APPOINTED Acadia Denali goes all in with three-row seating, genuine materials—including authentic wood accents and warm-tone burnished aluminum trim—and leather-appointed first- and second-row seats. Refinements continue with a heated steering wheel and heated front seats that can automatically be turned on with a vehicle remote starter system when it’s cold outside. Then add embroidered Denali front-seat head restraints, ventilated front seats and heated second-row bucket seats accentuated with French seam stitching. You’ll also enjoy the convenience of the open centre console and its generous storage space. 1Functionality may vary by model. Full functionality requires compatible Bluetooth® and smartphone, and USB connectivity for some devices.
    [Show full text]
  • French Language in the Americas: Quebec, Acadia, and Louisiana
    Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal Volume 5 Issue 2 Article 4 June 2018 French Language in the Americas: Quebec, Acadia, and Louisiana Katelyn Gross University of Minnesota, Morris Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.morris.umn.edu/horizons Part of the French Linguistics Commons Recommended Citation Gross, Katelyn (2018) "French Language in the Americas: Quebec, Acadia, and Louisiana," Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal: Vol. 5 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. Available at: https://digitalcommons.morris.umn.edu/horizons/vol5/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Minnesota Morris Digital Well. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal by an authorized editor of University of Minnesota Morris Digital Well. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Gross: French Language in the Americas Katelyn Gross 1 French Language in the Americas: Quebec, Acadia, and Louisiana Katelyn Gross The French language underwent many changes between the development of French from Latin, to Old French, and to Middle French. French would continue to develop inside of France thereafter, but the French language would also be exported to other parts of the world and those varieties of French would have their own characteristic changes. French explorers and colonizers moved into the Americas, permanently settling what is today Quebec, many parts of Canada, and Louisiana in the United States. In this paper, I will focus on the linguistic differences between metropolitan France and French spoken in Quebec, Acadia, and Louisiana.
    [Show full text]
  • Grade 11 History of Canada Framework Chart
    Grade 11 History of Canada How has Canada’s history shaped the Canada of today? Beginnings 1763 1867 1931 1982 Present First Peoples and British Becoming a Achievements and Defining Nouvelle-France North America Sovereign Nation Challenges Contemporary Canada (before 1763) (1763 – 1867) (1867 – 1931) (1931 – 1982) (1982 – Present) 1.0: What is history, 2.1: How did British 3.1: Why did the Métis 4.1: How did Canada 5.1: How has Canada and why do we study it? colonial rule change resist the westward seek to establish been shaped by the during this period, and expansion of Canada, economic security and Canadian Charter of what was its impact on and what were the social justice from the Rights and Freedoms, life in North America? consequences? period of the cultural diversity, and Depression to the demographic and 1.1: Who were the patriation of the technological change? First Peoples, and how Constitution? did they structure their world? 2.2: How did the fur 3.2: How did territorial trade, European expansion, immigration, settlement, and the rise and industrialization 5.2: How has the of the Métis nation change life for men and 4.2: How did the question of national transform life for the women in Canada? establishment of unity influenced 1.2: Why did the peoples of the national institutions federalism, French and other Northwest? contribute to defining constitutional debate, Europeans come to Canadian identity? and political change? North America, and how did they interact with 3.3: How did Canada’s First Peoples? relationship with First
    [Show full text]
  • Fort Beauséjour National Park Museum CATALOGUE of EXHIBITS
    CATALOGUE OF EXHIBITS IN THE Fort Beauséjour National Park Museum CATALOGUE OF EXHIBITS IN THE Fort Beauséjour National Park Museum PREPARED BY J. C. WEBSTER, C.M.G., M.D., D.Sc. LL.D., F.R.S.C. Member of the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada HONORARY CURATOR DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND RESOURCES HON. T. A. CRERAR. Minister CHARLES CAMSELL, Deputy Minister LANDS, PARKS AND FORESTS BRANCH R. A. GIBSON, Director NATIONAL PARKS BUREAU F. H. H. WILLIAMSON, Controller OTTAWA, CANADA 43910—U FORT BEAUSËJOUR NATIONAL PARK NEW BRUNSWICK Introduction HE site of old Fort Beauséjour, located on the long ridge between the Aulac and Missaguash rivers, and over­ Tlooking Chignecto Bay, forms one of the most interest­ ing historical places in New Brunswick. The fort was originally constructed by the French between 1751 and 1755 on the orders of de la Jonquière, Governor of Canada, as a counter defence against the English Fort Lawrence, which stood on a parallel ridge about a mile and half to the south­ east. It derived its name from an early settler, Laurent Chatillon, surnamed Beauséjour, after whom the southern end of the ridge had been named Pointe-à-Beauséjour. In 1755, before its actual completion, Fort Beauséjour was attacked by an expedition from Boston under the com­ mand of Colonel the Honourable Robert Monckton. Landing at the mouth of the Missaguash river, the English force, which numbered about 2,000 New Englanders, encamped at Fort Lawrence before marching on the fort, being joined there by 300 British regulars. Following the capture of an outpost at Pont à Buot, heavy guns and mortars were landed from the boats, gun-emplacements were dug over 800 yards north of the fort, and a heavy fire was opened on the fortifi­ cations by the batteries.
    [Show full text]
  • Acadian Exiles: a Chronicle of the Land of Evangeline Arthur G
    The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Maine History Documents Special Collections 1922 Acadian Exiles: a Chronicle of the Land of Evangeline Arthur G. Doughty Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mainehistory Part of the History Commons Repository Citation Doughty, Arthur G., "Acadian Exiles: a Chronicle of the Land of Evangeline" (1922). Maine History Documents. 27. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mainehistory/27 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Maine History Documents by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHRONICLES OF CANADA Edited by George M. Wrong and H. H. Langton In thirty-two volumes 9 THE ACADIAN EXILE BY ARTHUR G. DOUGHTY Part III The English Invasion IN THE PARISHCHURCH AT GRAND PRE, 1755 From a colour drawing by C.W. Jefferys THE ACADIAN EXILES A Chronicle of the Land of Evangeline BY ARTHUR G. DOUGHTY TORONTO GLASGOW, BROOK & COMPANY 1922 Copyright in all Countries subscribing to the Berne Conrention TO LADY BORDEN WHOSE RECOLLECTIONS OF THE LAND OF EVANGELINE WILL ALWAYS BE VERY DEAR CONTENTS Paee I. THE FOUNDERS OF ACADIA . I II. THE BRITISH IN ACADIA . 17 III. THE OATH OF ALLEGIANCE . 28 IV. IN TIMES OF WAR . 47 V. CORNWALLIS AND THE ACADIANS 59 VI. THE 'ANCIENT BOUNDARIES' 71 VII. A LULL IN THE CONFLICT . 83 VIII. THE LAWRENCE REGIME 88 IX. THE EXPULSION . 114 X. THE EXILES . 138 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE . 162 INDEX 173 ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE PARISH CHURCH AT GRAND PRE, 1758 .
    [Show full text]