05/07/11 Version 3.1

Ivanhoe Cloncurry

Mine Leases and

Associated

Infrastructure

Post Wet-Season Survey

Prepared for

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Pty Ltd

Level 1, 282 Wickham Street Fortitude Valley, Queensland, 4006 PO Box 419, Fortitude Valley, 4006 Queensland, Australia Telephone +61 7 3852 3922 Facsmile +61 7 3852 4766 Email: [email protected] Web: www.placedesigngroup.com PLACE DESIGN GROUP

DISCLAIMER

This report has been prepared in accordance with the scope of services described in the contract or agreement between PLACE Design Group Pty Ltd ACN 082 370063 (PDG) and the Client. The report relies upon data, surveys, measurements and results taken at or under the particular times and conditions specified herein. Any findings, conclusions or recommendations only apply to the aforementioned circumstances and no greater reliance should be assumed or drawn by the Client. Furthermore, the report has been prepared solely for use by the Client and PDG accepts no responsibility for its use by other parties.

Prepared by: Dominique Taylor

Position: Senior Ecologist

Date: 22 February 2011

Revised by by: Mitchell Taylor

Position: Senior Ecologist

Date: 24 June 2011

Approved by: Andrew Dickinson

Position: Associate – Environment Manager

Date: 05 July 2011

Document Reference: ICM02_Post_Wet Season Survey_v3.1

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mine Leases and Associated Infrastructure, Post-Wet Season Report: Survey

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post-Wet Season Survey (ICM02)

GLOSSARY, ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS

Term Definition

Arboreal Living in a tree or trees Biodiversity The variety of all life forms, the genes they contain and the ecosystems and ecological processes they are part of Bioregion Broad landscape patterns that reflect major structural geologies and climate as well as major changes in floristic and faunistic assemblages Connectivity A behaviourally determined, species specific parameter, which depends on both landscape composition and movement ability and of animals; a parameter that measures the processes by which sub-populations in a landscape are interconnected DERM Department of Environment and Resource Management Ecological Corridors Retained and or restored systems of linear habitat, which at a minimum enhance the connectivity of wildlife populations and may help them overcome the main consequences of habitat fragmentation (Wilson & Lindenmeyer 1995); A defined area of contiguous habitat that facilitates the dispersal of subpopulations throughout the landscape. Corridors may be structural, being identifiable physical/spatial features of habitat, and functional being a measure of whether a species can move between habitat patches (Bennett 1990). EPBC Act Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (Commonwealth) 1999 Fauna Animals of a given region or period considered as a whole Flora The plants of a particular region, habitat or geological period (pl. floras or florae) ha Hectare HERBRECS Botanical database of the Queensland Herbarium Investigation Site Defined section of the ML (950 ha) subject to current surveys km Kilometre LP Act Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act (Qld) 2002 m Metre mm Millimetre ML Mining Lease NC Act Nature Conservation Act (QLD) 1992 NES National Environmental Significance PDG PLACE Design Group QLD Queensland RE Regional Ecosystem; REs describe the relationship between vegetation communities in a particular bioregion that are consistently associated with a particular combination of geology, landform and soil REDD Regional Ecosystem Description Database Terrestrial Ground dwelling Threatened Species Species listed as critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable in the EPBC Act or Endangered, Vulnerable and Near Threatened in the NC Act and Regulation Vegetation Community An assembly of different species of plants growing together in a particular habitat; the floral component of an ecosystem VM Act Vegetation Management Act (Qld) 1999 Wet Season The yearly period of high rainfall, typically occurring between the months of December and March.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

In July 2010, Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines (ICM) engaged PLACE Design Group (PDG) to assist with addressing environmental conditions imposed on ICM for the Selwyn Mine Area (SMA) by the Department of Environment and Resource Management (DERM). PDG began with identifying the nature and extent to which the existing pool of literature assists in attending to the requirements laid out in the conditions.

In September 2010, PDG undertook a detailed vegetation community, flora, fauna and fauna habitat assessment (including fauna trapping) of the 10 ha Decline and Waste Dump Development. A similar detailed assessment of the vegetation communities, flora and fauna habitats, specifically concentrating on Species of Conservation Significance (SOCS), was carried out along the proposed 15 km Access Road between Lucky Luke and Selwyn Mine.

Further to this, PDG undertook a preliminary assessment of vegetation communities and fauna habitats within all of the ICMs ML groups. These assessments were focused on assessing the potential occurrence of SOCS and Of Concern / Endangered RE’s within the ICM MLs.

Following the completion of the September surveys a Baseline Ecological Report was prepared to inform ICM of the potential for SOCS and threatened Regional Ecosystems (RE) which may occur throughout the Investigation Area.

The aforementioned surveys were conducted during the mid-late dry season and in January 2011, a supplementary, wet-season, flora survey was undertaken throughout the Investigation Area to record those plant species not readily identifiable in the dry season and confirm the distribution and description of previously mapped Regional Ecosystems. This report presents the results of this survey, and should be read in conjunction with the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).

The initial assessment in September 2010 provided visual and electronic (ANABAT echolocation) evidence that the Endangered Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) (NC Act) inhabits ICM mining leases. In order to officially confirm the presence of this species, physical capture and identification through diagnostic features is a requirement. The lack of Anabat call data collected for this particular species in conjunction with its close morphology to other species within this genus requires thorough physical assessment (see section 1.1 for a detailed description of this species ecology and morphology).

ICM have recently proposed to re-engage in works within two disused mining shafts located in the Starra Range and specifically within the Selwyn 2 ML. These mining shafts have been identified as declines 222 and 276. ICM in discussion with PDG determined that it was necessary to confirm or dispel the existence of this species through physical identification. In January 2011, secondary targeted surveys of both the declines were conducted to determine the presence/absence of this species.

Vegetation and Regional Ecosystems

Flora and Species of Conservation Significance

A total of 197 vascular plant species were recorded across the Investigation Area, comprising 108 genera from 40 families. A total of 94 species were recorded solely within the post-wet season survey, with 103 recorded during the pre wet-season.

None of the flora species recorded during the field survey are listed under the Nature Conservation Act (Qld) 1992 or the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (C’wlth) 1999. From the analysis undertaken to date, it is determined unlikely that Species of Conservation Significance occur either within the Access Road or the Decline Area. Suitable habitat does exist within the Investigation Area for a number of species of conservation significance, and owing to the broad-scale nature of the post-wet survey, it is recommended further targeted surveys are conducted prior to disturbance within any areas scheduled for development greater than 10 ha.

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Weeds

Of the total 197 recorded flora species, 7 species, or 3.6%, are exotic species naturalised in Queensland. None of these species are declared under the schedules of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route) Management Act (Qld) 2002.

Regional Ecosystems

Six Regional Ecosystems RE1.3.7, RE1.5.3, RE1.10.4, RE1.11.2, RE1.11.3 and RE1.12.1 have previously been identified in the Investigation Area. No change in the mapped extent of these REs has been made following the January 2011 assessment.

All six REs have a management status under the Vegetation Management Act (Qld) 1999 of Least Concern, the lowest conservation significance levels (greater than 30% of the pre-settlement RE remains).

With the exception of RE1.3.7, all REs have a biodiversity status of No Concern at Present which is the lowest significance level (greater than 30% of the pre-settlement RE remains). RE1.3.7 is considered Endangered under DERM’s biodiversity assessment on account of regional degradation of this RE by high total grazing pressure.

None of these are considered threatened ecological communities at a national level under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (C’wlth) 1999.

Fauna and Fauna Habitat

Based on the results of the surveys undertaken in January 2011 it is concluded that large populations of Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) occupy both 222 and 276 declines as well as the relict Mt Elliot Copper Smelter. Given the roosting ecology of this species, it is likely that individuals will roost in a number of caves and mining shafts within the region. It should be noted that there is a large number of disused declines within the region and specifically within the Starra Range where both 222 and 267 are situated.

ICM have incorporated a Microbat Management Plan (MMP) into their Plan of Operations (PoO). This MMP incorporates the gradual passive removal of these populations and has successfully implemented this MMP within the 276 Decline to date.

Updated Responses to DERM Environmental Conditions

DERM’s Environmental Conditions were originally responded to in the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). The following responses have been modified where necessary to incorporate the results of the post-wet season survey. These should be read as being in addition to those responses contained in PDG (2010).

2. The nature conservation values of undisturbed areas greater than 10 ha in area must be assessed prior to disturbance.

A comprehensive baseline survey, both pre-wet and post-wet season, has now been completed with site based inspections of each Mining Lease providing a pivotal sub-regional scale understanding of the ecological values of the ICM mining leases and haul road and habitats for species of Conservation Significance have been identified. On the basis of the reliability of the data collected, and the ecological mapping produced, potential significant impacts of future mining disturbance can be assessed, and the ecological risks understood.

Surveys have identified key high-value habitats for significant fauna as being areas such as high ridgelines, rocky outcrops and cave systems. Significant regional ecosystems proving landscape linkages, refuge and habitat occur in riverine areas. With respect to these areas, presently no mining or mining related activities are proposed within high ridgelines, rocky outcrops or cave systems and if proposed at some point in the future, none would occur without appropriate pre- disturbance surveys in any undisturbed areas, and development of management protocols. No

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mining is proposed within riverine areas, although limited disturbance for river crossings is proposed.

Whilst potential significant impacts of future mining disturbance on the ecology and the Species of Conservation Significance can now be predicted with a high degree of reliability through cross-referencing ecological mapping produced as part of this exercise, on-ground and site- specific assessment is still required within those areas of habitat significance identified above. That is riverine / riparian areas containing RE1.3.7, ridgelines, rocky outcrops and rock dumps affording habitat for Petogale purpureicollis (purple necked rock wallaby) or cave systems and shafts affording habitat for Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) and aggregations of cave dependent microbats. All other areas should not require further assessment.

Recognising that knowledge of and legislative status of biodiversity is dynamic, Ivanhoe will:

• On an annual basis undertake a review of the status of species, habitat, ecological communities and Regional Ecosystems present on site as outlined in this report an within PDG 2010 (Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mine Leases and Associated Infrastructure – Baseline Ecological Report 18 November 2010), to ensure all information is current and predictions are accurate, and • Conduct ecological assessments (flora and fauna) to assess longitudinal and spatial variations in abundance and diversity for any new developments exceeding 10 ha post 2016.

PDG has prepared a MMP which has been incorporated into ICM’s PoO to allow the re- engagement of these declines with minimal impact on microbat populations inhabiting these populations. ICM have implemented this management plan and moved population inhabiting decline 276 to allow re-engagement of mining activities with minimal impact. It is recommended that during other re-engagement operations that this MMP be implemented.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

GLOSSARY, ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS ...... I

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... II

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1

1.1 Background ...... 1 1.2 Scope ...... 1 1.3 Timing ...... 1 1.4 Document Map ...... 1

2.0 REGIONAL SETTING ...... 3

2.1 General ...... 3

3.0 FLORA ...... 7

3.1 Methodology ...... 7 3.1.1 Vegetation Survey Techniques ...... 7 3.2 Survey Results and Discussion ...... 7 3.2.1 Access Road ...... 7 3.2.2 Decline Area (Mt Dore 1 ML) ...... 10 3.3 Mining Lease Groups ...... 10 3.3.1 Mt Elliott ...... 11 3.3.2 Lady Ella ...... 11 3.3.3 Mt Dore ...... 11 3.3.4 Selwyn ...... 12 3.3.5 Mt Cobalt ...... 12 3.3.6 Victoria ...... 13 3.4 Conclusions and Recommendations ...... 13

4.0 FAUNA ...... 14

4.1 Scope of Works and Methodology ...... 14 4.2 Results and Discussion ...... 15 4.2.1 Results ...... 15 4.2.2 Discussion ...... 16 4.3 Conclusions and Recommendations ...... 17

REFERENCES ...... 18

APPENDIX A BUREAU OF METEOROLOGY RAINFALL DATA ...... A-1

APPENDIX B FLORA SPECIES LIST – DECLINE AREA AND ACCESS ROAD ...... B-1

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APPENDIX C FLORA SPECIES LIST – MINING LEASE GROUPS ...... C-1

APPENDIX D COMPLETE FLORA SPECIES LIST – INVESTIGATION AREA ...... D-1

FIGURES

Figure 1: Site Locality ...... 4 Figure 2: Elements of the Investigation Area ...... 5 Figure 3: Regional Ecosystems of the Access Road Re-Alignment...... 9

TABLES

Table 1: Bat Species Identified Using Survey Techniques ...... 15

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background In September 2010, detailed flora and fauna surveys were undertaken in areas to be disturbed by Access Roads and Decline development, and regional scale surveys were undertaken on Mining Leases (MLs) to assess the potential occurrence of Endangered REs and flora and fauna in these areas. A Baseline Ecological Report was then prepared to inform ICM of the potential for Species of Conservation Significance (SOCS) and threatened Regional Ecosystems (RE) which may occur throughout the Investigation Area.

In January 2011, following recommendations in the dry-season report prepared by PDG (2010), a supplementary, wet-season, flora survey was undertaken throughout the Decline Area, Access Road and Investigation Area to record those plant species not readily identifiable in the dry season. This report presents the results of this survey, and should be read in conjunction with the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).

As a result of the September 2010 survey, it was determined necessary to physically identify the presence or absence of the Endangered (NC Act) Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) within the investigation area and specifically within Declines 222 and 276. Subsequently detailed surveys were undertaken in January of 2011.

1.2 Scope PDG undertook a detailed supplementary assessment of the flora of the 10ha Decline and Waste Dump Development, and the 15 km Access Road between Lucky Luke and Selwyn Mine searching for species not detected by pre-wet season survey. In addition to this, PDG undertook a broad-scale assessment of the wet-season vegetation present within all of the ICM MLs and a detailed assessment of RE’s and all species within a re- diverted section of the haul road to the south of Selwyn.

These assessments were targeted primarily on the groundcover stratum to identify any non-woody plant species only detectable during the wet season, and also aimed to assess the potential occurrence of SOCS.

Targeted microbat assessments were also undertaken throughout the disused 222 and 276 mine shafts and Mt Elliot Copper Smelter to determine the extent of bat usage and confirm the potential presence of the endangered Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat)

1.3 Timing The aforementioned flora and fauna surveys were undertaken from the 20th to the 24th January 2011 (inclusive).

1.4 Document Map The Baseline Ecological Report is an overview and summation of the results of the 2010 dry-season field assessments and the species, habitat and vegetation predictive analysis for each ML and the immediate impact areas of the Access Road alignment and Decline Area (the Investigation Area). Major Regional Ecosystems are mapped and noted as well as major habitat types. An analysis of threatened species and their likelihood of occurrence is provided, along with recommendations for avoidance and amelioration of potential impacts.

This report is a supplementary document to the Baseline Ecological Report, and contains the details and results of the post-wet season survey of vegetation species and

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communities and micro-chiropterean bats. Details on current disturbances as well as changes to the proposed Access Road alignment are also described.

This report should be read in conjunction with the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).

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2.0 REGIONAL SETTING

2.1 General The Investigation Area is located in the Selwyn Ranges, approximately 140 km south-east of Mt Isa, in north-west Queensland (Figure 1). Elements of the Investigation Area (18 MLs, proposed Decline and Waste Dump and a 15 km Access Road) are outlined in Figure 2.

The MLs encompass a total area of approximately 45.27 km2, comprising undisturbed areas of native vegetation, historical mining disturbance, current exploration workings and areas used for past and present cattle grazing. The proposed Access Road is a 15 km, external extension of an existing internal Access Road (Figure 2) which extends from Mt Dore to Selwyn. The new road will comprise a 6m sealed road with a total width of 14 m. This Access Road will provide access between the Selwyn pit in the north to the Lucky Luke Mining Lease (Barrick Osborne) in the south where it will join an existing Access Road between the Lucky Luke Deposit and mineral processing facilities and Osborne Mine.

The Decline Area is situated within the southern half of the Mt Dore 1 Mining Lease (Figure 2) and comprises approximately 10 ha designated for the construction of a Decline Shaft, Waste Rock Dump, Sediment Dams, Drying Pads, Laydown Areas and associated infrastructure.

Post wet-season examples of each of the vegetation communities recorded within the Investigation Area are provided in Plates 1-6. Further details on the characteristics of the region and the Investigation Area, including vegetation, regional ecosystems, fauna habitats and species of conservation significance, can be found in PDG (2010).

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page 3 Flinders River

Northern Territory

Cloncurry River

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Diamantina River Investigation Area

Lake Marian

Georgina River Mort River

Lake Katherine Burke River

Aerial Imagery: Google Earth Pro; Mining Lease Boundaries: The State of Queensland (DERM)

PLACE Design Group Pty Ltd DATE: 1 /02/2011 Level 1, 282 Wickham Street 8 FIGURE 1: INVESTIGATION SITE & LOCALITY PROJECT NO: ICM02 Fortitude Valley, Qld 4006 AUSTRALIA ISSUE: A T + 61 7 3852 3922 POS WET SEASON SURVEY SCALE: NTS F + 61 7 3852 4766 T - 012345 km 5 Mt Elliot (1-5)

4

2 1 3

Lady Ella

2 1 Mt Dore (1-7) Decline Area 7 3 4

2 6 5 Selwyn (1-3) 1

3

Proposed Access Road Mt Cobalt

Access Road realignment (see Figure 3) N

Lucky Luke Mine Victoria

Aerial Imagery: supplied by Ivancorp; Mining Lease Boundaries: The State of Queensland (DERM)

PLACE Design Group Pty Ltd DATE: 18/02/2011 Level 1, 282 Wickham Street FIGURE 2: PROJECT NO: ICM02 Fortitude Valley, Qld 4006 AUSTRALIA ELEMENTS OF THE INVESTIGATION ISSUE: A T + 61 7 3852 3922 AREA SCALE: 1:125,000 @ A4 F + 61 7 3852 4766 POST WET-SEASON SURVEY RE 1.3.7 Eucalyptus camaldulensis (river red gum) woodland RE 1.5.3 Eucalyptus leucophloia (snappy gum) low open woodland

RE 1.11.2 (snappy gum) low open woodland RE 1.10.4 Eucalyptus leucophloia (snappy gum) low open woodland Eucalyptus leucophloia

RE 1.12.1 (snappy gum) low open woodland RE 1.11.2x2a Acacia shirleyi (lancewood) open forest Eucalyptus leucophloia

PLACE Design Group Pty Ltd DATE: 1 /02/11 Level 1, 282 Wickham Street 8 PLATES 1-6: INVESTIGATION PROJECT NO: ICM02 Fortitude Valley, Qld 4006 AUSTRALIA DWG NO./ISSUE: A T + 61 7 3852 3922 AREA CHARACTERISTICS POST WET SEASON URVEY NTS F + 61 7 3852 4766 - S

3.0 FLORA

3.1 Methodology

3.1.1 Vegetation Survey Techniques Initial vegetation assessment and mapping was conducted between and inclusive of 15th to 21st September 2010. Detailed flora and fauna surveys were undertaken in areas to be disturbed by Access Roads and Decline development. These detailed surveys aimed to:

1. Provide an inventory of flora species for the area scheduled for future disturbance; 2. Determine the presence/potential presence of threatened and/or locally significant species; and, 3. Align the Investigation Area’s vegetation communities to prescribed regional ecosystems.

In addition, regional scale surveys were undertaken throughout the Mining Leases (MLs) to, comprising meander transects (by vehicle and on foot) through representative vegetation communities. This survey aimed to verify vegetation community interpretation based on aerial photography and geology mapping; and assess the landscape for the potential presence of flora species or communities of conservation significance. Species percentage was not recorded; however the dominant species from each emergent, understorey and groundcover layer for each vegetation community were noted.

Given seasonal conditions during the original survey period, an additional post-wet season survey was conducted from the 20th to the 24th January 2011. This survey is intended to redress the unavoidable deficit of non-woody flora species in the original survey, resulting in a more comprehensive species list for each vegetation community identified in 2010. Further floristic investigations of all strata were conducted within a 2 kilometre re-diverted section of the haul road to the south of Selwyn.

This variety of flora survey is typically undertaken towards the end of the wet season (around March), to ensure the highest proportion of seasonal species are detectable. However, the higher than usual rainfall recorded in the region over the preceding months enabled the survey to be undertaken early with no adverse effect on the detectability of target flora. Bureau of Meteorology data from the Cloncurry Airport station for the months of September, October, November and December indicate average rainfalls far in excess of previous years (Appendix A).

The Investigation Area was surveyed using timed random meander transects within each of the vegetation communities identified within each of the MLs in 2010. Transects were stratified to encompass all variations in topography and habitat present within each RE.

3.2 Survey Results and Discussion

3.2.1 Access Road

3.2.1.1 Description The proposed Access Road is a 15 km, external expansion of an existing internal Access Road which currently extends from Mt Dore to Selwyn. The new road will provide graded, unsealed access between the Selwyn pit in the north to the Lucky Luke Mining Lease (Barrick Osborne) in the south where it will join into an existing Access Road between the Lucky Luke Deposit and mineral processing facilities and Osborne Mine. For further details of the geological and ecological attributes of the disturbance area and surrounding landscape, refer to PDG (2010).

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Since the initial assessment in September 2010, a 2km section of the proposed route has been revised. The section of the realignment not surveyed previously was traversed on foot to assess the regional ecosystems present, contribute to the species list compiled for the Access Road disturbance area, and assess the occurrence/potential occurrence of species of conservation significance. The updated alignment of the Access Road is provided in Figure 2.

3.2.1.2 Species A total of 94 new species were identified during the post wet-season survey. Five of these are introduced species, none of which are declared under the schedules of the LP Act.

No species listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable or Endangered under the NC Act were identified in the proposed Access Road Area. None of the flora species recorded during the field survey are listed under the NC Act or the EPBC Act.

Refer to Appendix B for the full species list compiled from both the pre wet-season and post wet-season records.

3.2.1.3 Vegetation Communities and Regional Ecosystems A detailed vegetation description of the Access Road alignment is provided in Section 3.4.1.2 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).

No changes to the regional ecosystem mapping or descriptions were required as a result of the recent survey.

3.2.1.4 Summary of effects The modified section of the proposed Access Road alignment lies predominantly within RE 1.11.2e, with a small section at either end mapped as RE 1.5.3. The northern end of the modified section intersects a drainage line to the east of a previously mapped extent of RE 1.3.7 which has a biodiversity management status of Endangered.

No changes are proposed to the vegetation description or overall condition of the REs stated within the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). It is considered that no flora species, vegetation communities or regional ecosystems listed as significant under the NC Act, VM Act or EPBC Act will be adversely affected by the proposed development.

3.2.1.5 Recommendations Recommendations remain as per Appendix A, Section 1.4.5 of PDG (2010).

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page 8 01 km

LEGEND RREE 1.5.31.5.3

RE 1.3.7 (Eucalyptus camaldulensis (river red gum) low woodland

RE 1.5.3 (Eucalyptus leucophloia (snappy gum) low open woodland on red earths and plateaux)

RE 1.11.2e (Eucalyptus leucophylla (Cloncurry box) and Eucalyptus leucophloia (snappy gum) low open woodland) RREE 1.3.71.3.7

Proposed Access Road Alignment

RREE 1.11.2e1.11.2e

PPreviousrevious AAlignmentlignment

RRealignmentealignment

N

Aerial Imagery: supplied by Ivancorp; Mining Lease Boundaries: The State of Queensland (DERM)

PLACE Design Group Pty Ltd FIGURE 3: DATE: 18/02/2011 Level 1, 282 Wickham Street REGIONAL ECOSYSTEMS OF THE PROJECT NO: ICM02 Fortitude Valley, Qld 4006 AUSTRALIA ISSUE: A T + 61 7 3852 3922 ACCESS ROAD REALIGNMENT SCALE: 1:10,000 @ A4 F + 61 7 3852 4766 POST WET-SEASON SURVEY

3.2.2 Decline Area (Mt Dore 1 ML)

3.2.2.1 Description The Decline Area is situated within the Mt Dore 1 ML and comprises approximately 10 ha designated for the construction of a Decline Mine, Waste Dump and associated infrastructure. The majority of the disturbance area remains as a slightly modified remnant parcel of vegetation with three small vehicular access tracks traversing the site from west to east. These tracks have recently been created to support drilling exploration pads located on the steeper foothills of the MLs eastern mountain range which forms its boundary.

Work has begun on the Decline Mine and the associated infrastructure is now in place. Timed meander transects were undertaken on foot in the relatively undisturbed vegetation surrounding the active workings.

3.2.2.2 Species A total of 12 new flora species were identified during the post wet-season survey. None of these are introduced species.

No species listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable or Endangered under the NC Act were identified within Mt Dore 1. None of the flora species recorded during the field survey are listed under the NC Act or the EPBC Act.

Refer to Appendix B for the full species list compiled from both the pre wet-season and post wet-season surveys.

3.2.2.3 Vegetation Communities and Regional Ecosystems A detailed vegetation description of the Access Road alignment is provided in Section 3.4.2.2 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).

No changes to the regional ecosystem mapping or descriptions were required as a result of the recent survey.

3.2.2.4 Summary of Effects No changes are proposed to the vegetation description or overall condition of the REs stated within the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). It is considered that no flora species, vegetation communities or regional ecosystems listed as significant under the NC Act, VM Act or EPBC Act will be adversely affected by the proposed development.

3.2.2.5 Recommendations Recommendations remain as per Appendix A, Section 2.4.5 of PDG (2010).

3.3 Mining Lease Groups The Investigation Area supports seven ML groups, and includes the proposed Access Road from Mt Dore to the northern extent of the Lucky Luke ML. Due to the large and relatively common vegetation and habitat types throughout the Investigation Area, a summation of the Regional Ecosystems, habitat types and potential for threatened species to persist within each ML group was provided within the pre wet-season Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). For extensive detail of Regional Ecosystems and habitat types within each ML please refer to Appendix A of the aforementioned report.

The post wet-season survey focused on identifying the dominant non-woody flora species present within each vegetation community, within each of the ML groups, and targeted the full range of habitats known to occur in the Investigation Area in order to assess the presence and/or potential presence of species of conservation significance.

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In addition, areas of the various mining leases not already ground-truthed during the 2010 survey were assessed in order to verify the Regional Ecosystem mapping for each ML group.

3.3.1 Mt Elliott The Mount Elliot Group comprises 5 separate Mining Leases comprising a total area of 642 ha. For a detailed description of the present status of this ML Group refer to Section 3.5.1.1 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). Timed meander transects were conducted within each of the five REs mapped within the Mt Elliott MLs.

3.3.1.1 Species A total of 22 new species were recorded within the Mt Elliott ML Group during the post- wet season survey. Two of these are introduced species, however neither are declared under the schedules of the LP Act.

No species listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable or Endangered under the NC Act were identified within the Mt Elliott ML Group. None of the flora species recorded during the field survey are listed under the NC Act or the EPBC Act.

Refer to Appendix C for the full species list compiled from both the pre wet-season and post wet-season surveys.

3.3.1.2 Vegetation Communities and Regional Ecosystems The vegetation communities and regional ecosystems of the Mt Elliott MLs are described in detail within Section 3.5.1.2 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).No changes to the regional ecosystem mapping or descriptions were required as a result of the recent survey.

3.3.2 Lady Ella The Lady Ella Mining Lease comprises a total of 148 ha. For a detailed description of the present status of this ML refer to Section 3.5.2.1 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). Timed meander transects were conducted within each of the three dominant REs mapped within the ML.

3.3.2.1 Species A total of 14 new species were recorded within the Lady Ella ML during the post-wet season survey. None of these are introduced species.

No species listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable or Endangered under the NC Act were identified within the Mt Elliott ML Group. None of the flora species recorded during the field survey are listed under the NC Act or the EPBC Act.

Refer to Appendix C for the full species list compiled from both the pre wet-season and post wet-season surveys.

3.3.2.2 Vegetation Communities and Regional Ecosystems The vegetation communities and regional ecosystems of the Lady Ella ML are described in detail within Section 3.5.2.1 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).No changes to the regional ecosystem mapping or descriptions were required as a result of the recent survey.

3.3.3 Mt Dore The Mt Dore ML group comprises seven Mining Leases. Mt Dore 1 has been subject to extensive dry season survey efforts to map all the Mt Dore 1 RE’s and habitat areas. The remaining six leases were rapidly investigated to define the RE’s and habitat types present. For a detailed description of the present status of this ML Group refer to Section

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3.5.3.1 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). Timed meander transects were conducted within each of the four REs mapped within the Mt Dore MLs.

3.3.3.1 Species A total of 29 new species were recorded within the Mt Dore ML Group during the post- wet season survey. None of these are introduced species.

No species listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable or Endangered under the NC Act were identified within the Mt Dore ML Group. None of the flora species recorded during the field survey are listed under the NC Act or the EPBC Act.

Refer to Appendix C for the full species list compiled from both the pre wet-season and post wet-season surveys.

3.3.3.2 Vegetation Communities and Regional Ecosystems The vegetation communities and regional ecosystems of the Mt Dore MLs are described in detail within Section 3.5.3.2 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).No changes to the regional ecosystem mapping or descriptions were required as a result of the recent survey.

3.3.4 Selwyn Three (3) MLs comprise the Selwyn ML group encompassing a total approximate area of 2,680 ha. For a detailed description of the present status of this ML Group refer to Section 3.5.4.1 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). Timed meander transects were conducted within each of the four REs mapped within the Selwyn MLs.

3.3.4.1 Species A total of 39 new species were recorded within the Selwyn ML Group during the post- wet season survey. One of these is an introduced species (Portulaca oleracea), however it is not declared under the schedules of the LP Act.

No species listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable or Endangered under the NC Act were identified within the Selwyn ML Group. None of the flora species recorded during the field survey are listed under the NC Act or the EPBC Act.

Refer to Appendix C for the full species list compiled from both the pre wet-season and post wet-season surveys.

3.3.4.2 Vegetation Communities and Regional Ecosystems The vegetation communities and regional ecosystems of the Selwyn MLs are described in detail within Section 3.5.4.2 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). No changes to the regional ecosystem mapping or descriptions were required as a result of the recent survey.

3.3.5 Mt Cobalt The Mt Cobalt ML comprises a total area of approximately 130 ha. For a detailed description of the present status of this ML refer to Section 3.5.5.1 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). Timed meander transects were conducted within each of the two REs mapped within the Mt Cobalt ML.

3.3.5.1 Species A total of 16 new species were recorded within the Mt Elliott ML Group during the post- wet season survey. One of these is an introduced species (Portulaca oleracea), however it is not declared under the schedules of the LP Act.

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No species listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable or Endangered under the NC Act were identified within the Mt Cobalt ML. None of the flora species recorded during the field survey are listed under the NC Act or the EPBC Act.

Refer to Appendix C for the full species list compiled from both the pre wet-season and post wet-season surveys.

3.3.5.2 Vegetation Communities and Regional Ecosystems The vegetation communities and regional ecosystems of the Mt Cobalt ML are described in detail within Section 3.5.5.2 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). No changes to the regional ecosystem mapping or descriptions were required as a result of the recent survey.

3.3.6 Victoria The Victoria ML consists of a singular Mining Lease, comprising a total area of approximately 33ha. For a detailed description of the present status of this ML refer to Section 3.5.6.1 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010). Timed meander transects were conducted within each of the two REs mapped within the Victoria ML.

3.3.6.1 Species A total of 18 new species were recorded within the Victoria ML during the post-wet season survey. None of these are introduced species.

No species listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable or Endangered under the NC Act were identified within the Victoria ML. None of the flora species recorded during the field survey are listed under the NC Act or the EPBC Act.

Refer to Appendix C for the full species list compiled from both the pre wet-season and post wet-season surveys.

3.3.6.2 Vegetation Communities and Regional Ecosystems The vegetation communities and regional ecosystems of the Victoria ML are described in detail within Section 3.5.6.2 of the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).No changes to the regional ecosystem mapping or descriptions were required as a result of the recent survey.

3.4 Conclusions and Recommendations The pre wet-season survey conducted in September 2010 recorded a total of 103 flora species, comprising 67 genera from 34 families. An additional 94 species were recorded in the post wet-season survey conducted in January 2011, comprising an additional 41 genera from a further 6 families.

The aim of a post wet-season flora survey is to record those species not readily identifiable in the dry season, due to a lack of fertile material or other recognisable features that only become apparent after sustained periods of high rainfall. Post wet- season surveys in this region are typically conducted in March or later, however the higher than average rainfall of preceding months indicated suitable conditions for the identification of rainfall-dependent flora. This is evidenced by the significant increase in the number of flora species and genera recorded in the January survey, equivalent to the results expected from a post wet-season inventory.

No species of conservation significance were recorded during either the pre or post wet- season surveys. Recommendations for the Decline Area, the Proposed Access Road and each of the ML groups remain as per the Baseline Ecological Report (PDG, 2010).

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4.0 FAUNA

4.1 Scope of Works and Methodology Following identification of the potential presence within pre wet season surveys (September 2011) determined necessary to physically identify the suspected presence (or absence) of Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) within the investigation area and specifically within Declines 222 and 276. Subsequently detailed surveys were undertaken in January of 2011.

Targeted microbat assessments was undertaken throughout the disused 222 and 276 mine shafts and Mt Elliot ML Copper Smelter (Mt Elliot ML) to determine the extent of bat usage and confirm the potential presence of the endangered Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) (NC Act). In order to conduct these targeted surveys the following methodology was undertaken:

• Discussion between ICM and PDG field staff regarding the nature of the of the decline and proposed works within the disused mining shafts were engaged on site to determine the requirements from both aspects, being: PDG’s zoological staff required access to the declines to inspect the o physical features of the shafts, microbat populations, microbat location and depth, and all potential roost and exit points; PDG’s zoological staff required a point where trapping equipment could o be located with funnelling cloth to assist in the capture of microbats; ICM staff required a Job Hazard Assessment to be prepared based on o the required actions of PDG staff; ICM staff identified that chaperones for underground and open pit o works will be required; • Underground inspections of the declines were identified as a necessity to understand the inherent nature of microbat populations inhabiting the declines. These underground inspections were carried out under the strict supervision of ICM underground safety crews. A four person team (two ICM underground staff and two PDG zoological staff) re-entered the declines and inspected each to a depth where little to no microbat activity occurred. This was gauged by the lack of individuals present in combination with the depth of the survey. This usually terminated at approximately 1 kilometre underground; • The internal air supply vents were inspected to identify any potential roosting habitat, presence of microbats and exit points; • A harp trap was assembled at the entry point of decline where large retractable shade cloth had been mounted to the roof in order to funnel exiting microbats into the harp trap. This process occurred at both 222 and 276 on separate nights over a four night period. To avoid the over-capture of bats exiting the declines the harp trap was left in place for 15 minute intervals before inspection. At this point the harp trap was removed from the entry point and microbats captured were diagnostically identified, with all required attributes recorded. Each individual was subsequently marked with xylene-free marker and released at the entry to the decline. This process was continued during the course of the night until a minimum of 15 Taphozous species were captured and identified at each location. This process conducted to ensure that enough individuals were captured to obtain sufficient data for comparative analysis, thus aiding the morphological comparisons between the species troughtoni and georgianus. The harp trap was not left out over the night and the shade cloth was retracted to allow normal exit and entry for microbat species; • An ANABAT echolocation recording device was utilised during these trapping exercises. This technique was engaged to collect the calls of identified microbat species for reference against previously recorded data from the region. This

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device was left out over night to record further call data over the remaining period of the night. • A previously encountered colony of Taphozous species inhabits the relict Copper Smelter located in the Mt Elliot ML. Trapping was conducted within this smelter to aid in further collection of data. This was to aid in the determination of the species inhabiting the locality. A harp trap was set up in one of the tunnels associated with the smelter and observed until at least five individuals were captured. Diagnostic identification was undertaken and recorded to provide further clarification and comparison of individuals captured at other trapping localities. • An ANABAT echolocation recording device was utilised during these trapping exercises. This technique was engaged to collect the calls of identified microbat species for reference against previously recorded data from the region. This device was left out over night to record further call data over the remaining period of the night.

4.2 Results and Discussion

4.2.1 Results Surveys conducted during this period recorded seven microbat species within the declines and Mt Elliot Copper Smelter. Table 1 identifies the results of the surveys conducted within the three targeted habitats.

TABLE 1: BAT SPECIES IDENTIFIED USING SURVEY TECHNIQUES

Species 222 276 Mt. Elliot Decline Decline Copper Smelter

Taphozous troughtoni P P Taphozous georgianus1

Vespadelus troughtoni

Vespadelus finlaysoni

Scoterepens greyii

Nyctophilus geoffroyi

Chalinolobus gouldii P = Possibly encountered, however due to the timing of the survey, these individuals were not definitively confirmed but are likely to be juvenile Taphozous georgianus (Common sheathtail bat).

Surveys conducted within these habitats confirmed the presence of endangered Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) (NC Act). It is highly likely that these colonies have a small percentage of Taphozous georgianus (Common sheathtail bat).

During the re-entry surveys of both the 222 and 276 declines it was noted that a longitudinal change in the roosting locations of microbat species occurred. The early portions or twilight zone of the decline was dominated to approximately 50 metres by Taphozous, and Chalinolobus species. A mixture of Taphozous, Scoterepens and Vespadelus species began to integrate into the roost from 50 - 75 metres of the entry point. Beyond four hundred metres into the decline the overall number of microbats encountered decreased. A small amount of individual Taphozous species were noted further down the decline shafts, however may have been avoiding the re-entry team by vacating further down the decline. Populations of Nyctophilus species were noted inhabiting small chambers adjoining the main decline shaft at much deeper points. In both 222 and 276 the densest aggregations of microbats occurred within the first 400 metres of the decline.

Populations of microbat species are very dense within the early portions of the declines. Typically these cave roosting species huddle together in roosts of similar species, with the

1 species likely to be present although difficult to confirm due to similar morphology to Taphozous troughtoni

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occasional integration of species. Populations of microbats within these shafts are estimated at greater than 1000 individuals. It should be noted that populations of Taphozous species in both decline shafts are estimated at greater than 100 individuals. This is considered highly uncommon according to recent published literature (Churchill 2008). Literature indicates that Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) roosts in populations fewer than 20 individuals.

The relict Copper Smelter located within the Mt Elliot ML group supports a population of Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) to be around 50 individuals. This population in comparison to the decline populations is smaller however appears to be highly saturated due to the comparatively small nature of the roosting area. It is possible that this population is supports a small number of Taphozous georgianus (Common sheathtail bat) also.

No maternity roosts were observed within either declines, it should however be noted that surveys were conducted at a time when juvenile Taphozous species would have been highly independent of paternal individuals in the roost.

4.2.2 Discussion

4.2.2.1 Ecology of Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) occurs throughout the majority of Queensland from the southern central coast (Maryborough) to far northern Queensland (Cooktown) and as far west as Mt Isa. A large gap in data for this species has led to the misidentification of this species throughout Queensland as Taphozous georgianus (Common sheathtail bat). It should be noted that Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) home range overlaps with Taphozous georgianus (Common sheathtail bat) in the Mt Isa region and these species have been found sharing roost site’s in the this region. Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) is generally larger than Taphozous georgianus (Common sheathtail bat), particularly where their ranges overlap. IN such instances Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) is distinguished by a distinctly longer forearm length. A major distinction between the two species is the prominence of the lambdoidal and sagittal crests. Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) has a sharply defined lambdoidal and sagittal crest associated with its larger skull, were Taphozous georgianus (Common sheathtail bat) labdoidal and sagittal crests remain less prominent and smaller.

Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) generally roost in cave habitats or disused mining shafts where the microclimates differ little from the inside of the roost to the outside conditions. Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) is generally found in the shallower portions of this habitat type referred to by microchiropteran researches as the twilight zone, hence the aggregations near the entrances of declines 222 and 276 as they displayed these characteristics. Individual bats may use several roosting caves or mining shafts as a part of the individual’s home range. This species is known to give birth in common roost habitats, however have also been observed using maternity sites in humid dark caves. Copulation generally occurs in late winter to early spring with a three month gestation period. Individual young are birthed in late spring and early summer and are not considered fully independent until 1 month of age where flight is possible. During the surveys conducted within declines 222 and 276 several juveniles were confirming to this observation. Adult size is obtained at an approximate age of 3 months, making them completely independent in late summer to early autumn.

4.2.2.2 Discussion of Results The findings from the recent survey suggest that the populations found within the two declines and the Copper Smelter are highly significant. However, it must be highlighted that reviewed literature identifies information relating to this species is deficient and it has historically been overlooked in the past (prior to 1991) due to misidentification of this species (being confused with Taphozous georgianus [Common sheathtail bat]).

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Reviewed literature further suggests that Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) is likely to be much more common across Queensland then data suggest, with data gathered during previous PDG surveys suggesting that Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) is common within the Starra Range. The immediate landscape and broader region provides an abundant supply of habitat for roosting and foraging for this species. This is due to the high density of disused artificial habitats created by historic mining activities. Without a detailed survey of disused mining works, structures and caves within the region it is difficult to assess the significance of these populations with any relative comparison.

Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) is known to utilise several roost sites, with individuals observed to move up to 12 kilometres between roosts. This suggests that individuals within these populations inhabiting the noted declines are likely to regularly utilise a number of the many disused decline shafts and cave habitats within the Starra Range and greater Selwyn Ranges. This means they could be moved on with minimal disruption to the meta-population.

Based on the information gathered from site inspections, previous survey works, potential habitat available for this species (both artificial and naturally occurring) and the review of relevant literature it can be assumed that this species is potentially common to the Starra Range and more common than Taphozous georgianus (Common sheathtail bat), and may utilises many other artificial and natural habitats in similar numbers.

4.3 Microbat Conclusions and Recommendations

4.3.1 Microbat Management PDG was engaged by ICM to conducted targeted microbat surveys to determine the presence or absence of the endangered Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) within decline 222 and 276. These surveys were specifically aimed at two disused declines that ICM are proposing to re-enter for further mining activities. These surveys were conducted at the height of summer during this species most active period. The surveys were and designed to capture all microbat species inhabiting the decline shafts, with the ultimate goal of capturing observed Taphozous species utilising these declines. These captures enabled the physical identification of the species via diagnostic means.

Based on the results of these surveys it is concluded that large populations of Taphozous troughtoni (Troughton’s sheathtail bat) occupy both 222 and 276 declines as well as the relict Mt Elliot Copper Smelter. These populations exist in numbers far greater than most populations found within the species range and are usually recorded in populations fewer than 20. It should be noted however that isolated observations of this species existing in high numbers have been recorded within QLD. Given the roosting ecology of this species, it is likely that individuals will roost in a number of caves and mining shafts within the region. It should be noted that there is a large number of disused declines within the region and specifically within the Starra Range where both 222 and 276 occur.

The proposed re-commissioning of these declines for mining activities will result in the gradual loss of this roosting habitat. Microbat species persisting within these decline are known to utilises multiple roost site’s and potentially move between decline shafts and suitable cave habitats regularly.

PDG have prepared a detailed Microbat Management Plan (MMP) which has been incorporated into the ICM PoO. This MMP has is attached as Appendix E for reference. This MMP has been successfully carried out in Decline 276. Radio tracking of 10 Taphozous spp occurred during this process to monitor the movement of bats during and after this process. This MMP should be adhered to during future decline re- commissioning exercises.

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REFERENCES

Australian Fauna Species Profile - http://www.australianfauna.com/troughtonssheathtailbat.php

AXM (2009), ‘Flora and Fauna Assessment of Merlin Dewatering Dam Site, Selwyn Mine, Qld’. Prepared by AXM Environmental for Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines.

Bostock, Peter D & Holland, Ailsa E. (Eds.). 2007. Census of the Queensland Flora 2007. Queensland Herbarium, Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane, Qld.

Bureau of Mineral Resources, 1:100,000 scale AGSO Geology of the Selwyn Region Map (1983).

Churchill, S 2008 - Australian Bats (Second Edition) Jacana Books, an imprint of Allen & Unwin.

Department of Environment and Resource Management (QLD) Species Profile - http://www.derm.qld.gov.au/wildlife- ecosystems/wildlife/az_of_animals/micro_bats_the_insect_terminators/troughtons_sheathtailbat.html

Department of Environment and Resource Management, Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service (2010), “Wildlife Online Extract” Accessed at http://www.derm.qld.gov.au/wildlife- ecosystems/wildlife/wildlife_online/ 21 June 2010.

Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (2010) “EPCB Act Protected Matters Report” Accessed at http://www.environment.gov.au/erin/ert/epbc/index.html 21 June 2010.

EUCLID: Eucalypts of Australia. 2007. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Collingwood, Vic. Hacker, J.B. 1990. A Guide to Herbaceous and Shrub Legumes of Queensland. University of Queensland Press, St. Lucia, Qld.

Grice, A. C (2006), ‘The impacts of invasive plant species on the biodiversity of Australian rangelands’, The Rangeland Journal 2006, 28(1) 27–35.

Maslin, B.R. (Ed.) Wattle: Acacias of Australia. 2001. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, ACT.

Milson, Jenny. 2000. Pasture Plants of northwest Queensland. Dept. of Primary Industries, Brisbane, Qld.

Milson, Jenny. 2000. Trees and Shrubs of northwest Queensland. Dept. of Primary Industries, Brisbane, Qld.

Moore, Philip. 2005. A Guide to Plants of Inland Australia. Reed New Holland, Frenchs Forest, NSW.

Morgan, G (1999) “Northwest Highlands ”in Sattler, P and Williams, R (eds) (1999) “The Conservation Status of Queensland’s Bioregional Ecosystems” Environmental Protection Agency.

National recovery plan for Cave-dwelling Bats, Rhinolophus philippinensis, Hipposideros semoni and Taphozous troughtoni 2001-2005 - http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/cave-dwelling- bats/index.html.

Neldner VJ, Wilson BA, Thompson EJ and Dillewaard HA (2004) “Methodology for Survey and Mapping of Regional Ecosystems and Vegetation Communities in Queensland, Version 3.0.”, Queensland Herbarium, Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane.

Neldner VJ, Wilson BA, Thompson EJ and Dillewaard HA (2005) “Methodology for Survey and Mapping of Regional Ecosystems and Vegetation Communities in Queensland, Version 3.1.”, Queensland Herbarium, Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane.

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Neldner, J (1991) “Vegetation Survey of Central Western Queensland – Mapsheet [1:250,000]” PLACE (2006), ‘Flora and Fauna Study between the Trekelano Leases and the Duchess to Phosphate Hill Road’. Prepared by PLACE Environmental for Placer Dome Australia.

Pennay, M [New South Wales Department of Environment and Conservation], Law, B [State Forests of New South Wales] & Reinhold, L [Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Mines] - Bat calls on NSW - Region based guide to the echolocation calls of microchiropteran bats.

PLACE (2008), ‘Lucky Luke Satellite Operation – Flora and Fauna Assessment’. Prepared by PLACE Design Group for Barrick (Osborne) Pty Ltd.

PLACE (2010), ‘Lucky Luke Satellite Operation – Ecological Assessment’. Prepared by PLACE Design Group for Barrick (Osborne) Pty Ltd.

Queensland Herbarium (2009) “Regional Ecosystem Description Database (REDD)”. Version 6.0b Updated November 2009, (November 2009) (Department of Environment and Resource Management: Brisbane). Accessed 19 October 2010 http://www.derm.qld.gov.au/wildlife- ecosystems/biodiversity/regional_ecosystems/how_to_download_redd.html

Sattler, P and Williams, R (eds). (1999) “The Conservation of Queensland’s Bioregional Ecosystems.” Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane.

Sharp, Donovan et.al. 2002. AusGrass: Grasses of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, ACT. Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbanee, Qld.

Sharpe, P.R. 1986. Keys to Cyperaceae of Queensland. Botany Branch, Dept. of Primary Industries, Brisbane, Qld.

Threatened Species and Threatened Ecological Communities – Advice to the Minister- http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/t-troughtoni.html

Walker, J & Hopkins, M.S “Vegetation” in McDonald, R.C, Isbell, R.F, Speight, J.G, Walker, J. and Hopkins, M.S (1990) “Australian Soil and Land Survey Field Handbook (2nd Edition)” Inkata Press.

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Appendix A Bureau of Meteorology Rainfall Data

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page A-1 Monthly Rainfall (millimetres) CLONCURRY MCILLWRAITH ST Station Number: 029008 · State: QLD · Opened: 1884 · Status: Open · Latitude: 20.71°S · Longitude: 140.52°E · Elevation: 200 m

Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual 1980 140.4 33.3 19.8 1.7 3.0 0.0 0.0 11.4 0.0 4.0 0.0 62.2 275.8 1981 467.3 250.0 21.6 0.0 23.0 49.6 28.0 8.0 8.7 17.0 34.2 7.8 915.2 1982 72.8 115.4 117.7 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.6 0.0 32.8 13.6 358.1 1983 27.0 2.0 138.8 43.2 13.6 0.0 0.0 4.6 2.4 0.2 32.6 36.0 300.4 1984 289.6 130.6 52.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.0 0.0 14.6 32.2 13.8 74.4 622.2 1985 0.0 16.6 28.2 0.0 2.4 79.2 5.2 1.6 0.0 34.6 99.0 61.6 328.4 1986 0.0 2.0 0.0 2.8 24.8 1.0 43.8 4.4 105.6 12.4 23.4 1987 105.8 180.0 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 3.0 3.3 33.0 137.2 463.9 1988 24.0 7.0 2.0 8.2 42.2 0.0 9.0 0.4 5.0 17.1 104.5 1989 6.0 38.7 65.7 10.3 18.0 6.3 8.0 0.0 0.6 53.7 131.4 233.8 572.5 1990 51.5 38.0 34.2 37.1 55.0 22.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 33.5 42.4 319.6 1991 531.4 338.0 1.3 0.0 0.0 20.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 50.5 86.1 1028.3 1992 27.6 292.8 17.5 0.0 31.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 35.8 31.9 63.4 1994 31.0 33.0 1995 93.0 53.6 59.5 0.0 15.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 14.0 31.1 26.0 294.2 1996 135.1 41.4 211.9 5.0 0.0 0.0 12.0 12.0 0.0 59.1 0.0 52.7 529.2 1997 123.8 195.0 512.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.0 25.6 1999 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2000 220.8 6.2 94.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 102.2 64.4 322.4 2001 33.0 53.0 25.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.2 97.4 11.8 29.8 260.8 2002 71.1 19.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.2 4.6 2003 249.3 34.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.4 0.0 7.0 21.6 74.7 2004 297.1 96.8 40.6 0.0 7.6 0.0 0.0 3.6 1.2 1.4 16.9 171.8 637.0 2005 227.4 27.2 0.0 0.0 4.8 8.5 0.0 5.0 0.0 16.9 23.8 0.0 313.6 2006 101.3 116.8 194.0 138.0 0.0 0.0 3.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.0 574.9 2007 180.0 33.7 64.3 0.0 8.0 122.4 0.0 2.6 0.0 0.4 17.4 110.8 539.6 2008 64.5 22.4 31.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.0 19.2 0.0 77.5 4.0 220.2 2009 545.4 313.2 0.0 54.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25.4 116.0 1054.6 2010 238.8 77.7 35.9 15.0 20.8 0.0 13.8 0.0 28.0 49.4 25.4 196.8 701.6 2011 61.9

Quality control: 12.3 Done & acceptable, 12.3 Not completed or unknown

© Copyright Commonwealth of Australia 2011, Bureau of Meteorology. Prepared using Climate Data Online, Bureau of Meteorology http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/data. Contact us using details on http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/how/contacts.shtml. We have taken all due care but cannot provide any warranty nor accept any liability for this information. http://www.bom.gov.au/other/copyright.shtml Page 3 of 4

Appendix B Flora Species List – Decline Area and Access Road

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Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Qld Declared Plant Category Decline Area Access Road RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2e AMARANTHACEAE Aerva javanica desert cotton O AMARANTHACEAE Alternanthera denticulata lesser joyweed O O AMARANTHACEAE Alternanthera nodiflora common joyweed O O O O O AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus calostachyus weeping mulla mulla O O AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus clementi O O AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus exaltatus lambs tail O O O O AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus filiformis x O AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus macrocephalus feather heads O AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus obovatus smoke bush O AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus schwartzii horse mulla mulla C C A A APOCYNACEAE Carissa lanceolata conker berry C A C A ASTERACEAE Acanthospermum hispidum bristly starbur * O ASTERACEAE Bidens bipinnata beggars ticks * O ASTERACEAE Cyanthillium cinereum vernonia O ASTERACEAE Parthenium hysterophorus parthenium weed O ASTERACEAE Pluchea dentex x O C C C ASTERACEAE Pluchea dunlopii x O O ASTERACEAE Pterocaulon serrulatum apple bush A A O C C ASTERACEAE Pterocaulon sphacelatum fruit salad plant C C O O O ASTERACEAE Streptoglossa decurrens a mintbush C O C C BORAGINACEAE Heliotropium tenuifolium O O O BORAGINACEAE Trichodesma zeylanicum var. zeylanicum camel bush O O PENTAPETACEAE Waltheria indica waltheria O CAESALPINIACEAE Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii crinkled cassia O O O O CAESALPINIACEAE Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla limestone cassia A A C A A CAESALPINIACEAE Senna artemisioides subsp. sturtii grey cassia O O CAESALPINIACEAE Senna glutinosa ssp. pruinosa silver cassia A A C C CAESALPINIACEAE Senna notabilis cockroach bush A A C C C CAESALPINIACEAE Senna planiticola O O O CARYOPHYLLACEAE Polycarpaea brevifolia pretty polly O O CARYOPHYLLACEAE Polycarpaea spirostylis northern pretty polly O O CAPPARACEAE Apophyllum anomalum warrior bush O CAPPARACEAE Capparis lasiantha nipan C O A A CAPPARACEAE Capparis umbonata northern wild orange O O CAPPARACEAE Cleome viscosa tickweed O O O O O CELASTRACEAE Maytenus cunninghamii yellowberry bush O O C C CHENOPODIACEAE Chenopodium sp. x O O O

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Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Qld Declared Plant Category Decline Area Access Road RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2e CHENOPODIACEAE Maireana georgei satiny bluebush O O O CHENOPODIACEAE Maireana villosa silky blue bush O CHENOPODIACEAE Salsola kali soft roly poly O O O CHENOPODIACEAE Sclerolaena cornishiana x O O O CHENOPODIACEAE Sclerolaena parviflora O O CONVOLVULACEAE Evolvulus alsinoides tropical speedwell O O O O O CONVOLVULACEAE Ipomoea plebia bell vine O CUCURBITACEAE Cucumis maderaspatanus madras sea pumpkin O CUCURBITACEAE Mukia maderaspatana red cucumber C C O C C CYPERACEAE Bulbostylis barbata watergrass C CYPERACEAE Cyperus sp.1 x O O CYPERACEAE Cyperus sp.2 x O EUPHORBIACEAE Chamaesyce australe caustic weed O EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia tannensis desert spurge O O O O O EUPHORBIACEAE Phyllanthus virgatus virgate leaf-flower O O O EUPHORBIACEAE Sarcostemma viminale subsp australe caustic bush O O O O FABACEAE Gylcine sp. O FABACEAE Glycine tomentella woolly glycine O FABACEAE Indigofera linifolia narrow leaved indigo O O O FABACEAE Indigofera hirsuta hairy indigo O FABACEAE Rhynchosia minima rhynchosia O FABACEAE Sesbania cannabina sesbania pea O FABACEAE Sesbania javanica sesbania pea O FABACEAE Tephrosia sp. x O FABACEAE Tephrosia brachyodon narrow leaved tephrosia O FABACEAE Tephrosia supina x O FABACEAE - CAESALPINIOIDEAE Chamaecrista drummondii x O GOODENIACEAE Scaevola ovalifolia var. ovalifolia bushy fan flower O O O O LAMIACEAE Ocimum tenuiflorum native thyme O LAURACEAE Cassytha sp. dodder laurel O MALVACEAE Abutilon sp. O O O MALVACEAE Abutilon otocarpum desert Chinese lantern O O O O O MALVACEAE Gossypium australe native cotton O O C C C MALVACEAE Hibiscus leptocladus hibiscus O MALVACEAE Hibiscus sturtii Sturt's hibiscus O O O MALVACEAE Sida filiformis x O O O C C MALVACEAE Sida rohlenae shrub sida O O MIMOSACEAE Acacia acradenia x O O C A A

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page B-3

Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Qld Declared Plant Category Decline Area Access Road RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2e MIMOSACEAE Acacia melleodora x O O MIMOSACEAE Acacia cambagei gidgee A A A MIMOSACEAE Acacia chippendalei Chippendale's wattle A A C C MIMOSACEAE Acacia chisholmii Chisholm's wattle D D D D D MIMOSACEAE Acacia gonoclada x A O C MIMOSACEAE Acacia tenuissima narrow leaved wattle O O O O MYOPORACEAE Eremophila bignonifolia x O C MYOPORACEAE Eremophila longifolia berrigan C C C A A MYOPORACEAE Eremophila maculata spotted fuchsia bush C C A C C MYRTACEAE Corymbia aparrerinja ghost gum MYRTACEAE Corymbia aspera rough-leaved ghost gum MYRTACEAE Corymbia terminalis western bloodwood A A A A A MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus camaldulensis river redgum D O O MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus leucophloia snappy gum D D A D D MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus leucophylla Cloncurry box O O MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus normantonensis Normanton box A A O O NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia palludosa roly poly tar vine O O O NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia repleta dwarf lantern flower O O NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia schomburgkiana tarvine O O O PHYLLANTHACEAE Phyllanthus virgatus x O PENTAPETACEAE Melhania ovata x O O PENTAPETACEAE Waltheria indica waltheria O O O POACEAE Aristida contorta bunched kerosene grass A C C A A POACEAE Aristida holathera erect kerosene grass O O O POACEAE Aristida inaequiglumis feathertop threeawn O O C O O POACEAE Aristida latifolia feathertop wiregrass O POACEAE Aristida longicollis x O O POACEAE Chloris virgata feathertop rhodes grass O POACEAE Cymbopogon bombycinus silky grass O O O POACEAE Cymbopogon obtectus silky heads O O C O POACEAE Dactyloctenium radulans button grass O POACEAE Digitaria ctenanthe O POACEAE Enneapogon cylindricus bottle washers C C O POACEAE Enneapogon lindleyanus cone-top nine-awn O POACEAE Enneapogon oblongus purple head nineawn C C O C C POACEAE Eragrostis elongata clustered lovegrass O O POACEAE Eragrostis setifolia bristly love grass O O POACEAE Eragrostis spartinoides x O O

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page B-4

Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Qld Declared Plant Category Decline Area Access Road RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2e POACEAE Eriachne mucronata mountain wanderrie grass O POACEAE Eulalia fulva silky browntop O POACEAE Heteropogon contortus black speargrass A A C POACEAE Paraneurachne muelleri x O POACEAE Panicum effusum hairy panic O POACEAE Paspalidium rarum x O POACEAE Pennisetum ciliare buffel grass * O D A D POACEAE Perotis rara comet grass C POACEAE Sporobolus australasicus Australian dropseed O C C POACEAE Themeda triandra kangaroo grass O A C A POACEAE Tragus australiana Australian bur grass O POACEAE Triodia molesta pincushion spinifex D D A D D POACEAE Tripogon loliiformis five minute grass O O O PORTULACACEAE Portulaca oleracea pigweed * O O PORTULACACEAE Portulaca pilosa hairy portulaca * O PROTEACEAE Grevillea striata beefwood C C C C PROTEACEAE Grevillea wickhamii holly leaved grevillea A O C PROTEACEAE Hakea chordophylla bull oak O O C C RUBIACEAE Canthium latifolium native currant O C RUBIACEAE Oldenlandia galioides x O RHAMNACEAE Alphitonia excelsa soap wood O O O O SANTALACEAE Santalum lanceolatum sandalwood O O C C SAPINDACEAE Atalaya hemiglauca whitewood C O O C C SAPINDACEAE Dodonaea lanceolata x O SOLANACEAE Solanum chippendalei Chippendale's tomato C C C C SOLANACEAE Solanum ellipticum potato bush C O O O SPARRMANNIACEAE Corchorus sidioides flannel jute O O O SPARRMANNIACEAE Triumfetta sp. x O VIOLACEAE Hybanthus aurantiacus orange spade flower O O O O O

KEYS:

STATUS (Census of the Qld Flora, Qld EPA 2007): E – Endangered, V – Vulnerable, N – Near Threatened, R – Rare, X – presumed extinct *- Naturalised, D – Doubtfully Naturalised, P – Planted

QLD Declared Plant Category (Qld. Land Protection(Pest & Stock route Management) Act 2002): Class 1 - Potential pest. Prevent import, possession, sale.

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Class 2 - Existing pest. Attempt to control, avoid spread. Class 3 - Attempt to control, avoid spread.

Abundance: D – Dominant, A – Associated, C – Common, O – Occasional

-recorded only during the post-wet season survey.

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Appendix C Flora Species List – Mining Lease Groups

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page C-1

Mt Mt Elliott Lady Ella Mt Dore Selwyn Cobalt Victoria

Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Qld Declared Plant RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 ADIANTACEAE Cheilanthes sp.    AIZOACEAE Trianthema sp.     AIZOACEAE Zaleya galericulata hogweed      AMARANTHACEAE Aerva javanica desert cotton     AMARANTHACEAE Alternanthera denticulata lesser joyweed    AMARANTHACEAE Amaranthus interruptus native amaranth  AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus macrocephalus feather heads     AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus nobilis x   AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus obovatus smoke bush        AMARANTHACEAE Ptilotus schwartzii horse mulla mulla      ASTERACEAE Centipeda minima spreading sneeze weed  ASTERACEAE Parthenium hysterophorus parthenium weed   ASTERACEAE Pluchea sp.   ASTERACEAE Pluchea dentex x          ASTERACEAE Pluchea dunlopii x ASTERACEAE Pterocaulon serrulatum apple bush           ASTERACEAE Pterocaulon sphacelatum fruit salad plant  BORAGINACEAE Heliotropium tenuifolium x         BORAGINACEAE Trichodesma zeylanicum var. camel bush zeylanicum  PENTAPETACEAE Waltheria indica waltheria  CAESALPINIACEAE Senna artemisioides subsp. limestone cassia oligophylla      CAESALPINIACEAE Senna glutinosa ssp. pruinosa silver cassia   CAESALPINIACEAE Senna notabilis cockroach bush      CAPPARACEAE Cleome viscosa tickweed     CELASTRACEAE Denhamia oleaster x     CHENOPODIACEAE Einadia nutans climbing saltbush  CHENOPODIACEAE Maireana villosa silky blue bush  CHENOPODIACEAE Salsola kali soft roly poly  CHENOPODIACEAE Sclerolaena parviflora   CONVOLVULACEAE Evolvulus alsinoides tropical speedwell          CONVOLVULACEAE Ipomoea sp.         

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page C-2

Mt Mt Elliott Lady Ella Mt Dore Selwyn Cobalt Victoria

Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Qld Declared Plant RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 CONVOLVULACEAE Ipomoea plebia bell vine  CONVOLVULACEAE Polymeria ambigua morning glory   CUCURBITACEAE Cucumis maderaspatanus madras sea pumpkin   CUCURBITACEAE Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis ulcardo melon    CYPERACEAE Bulbostylis barbata watergrass   CYPERACEAE Cyperus sp.1 x   CYPERACEAE Fimbristylis sp.     EUPHORBIACEAE Chamaesyce australe caustic weed   EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia tannensis desert spurge      EUPHORBIACEAE Phyllanthus virgatus virgate leaf-flower     EUPHORBIACEAE Sarcostemma viminale subsp caustic bush australe FABACEAE Crotelaria dissitiflora grey rattlepod   FABACEAE Crotelaria medicaginae trefoil rattlepod    FABACEAE Crotelaria novae-hollandiae rattlepod    FABACEAE Indigofera sp.   FABACEAE Indigofera linnaei Birdsville indigo     FABACEAE Indigofera linifolia narrow leaved indigo     FABACEAE Indigofera hirsuta hairy indigo   FABACEAE Rhynchosia minima rhynchosia  FABACEAE Sesbania javanica sesbania pea     FABACEAE Tephrosia sp. x     FABACEAE Tephrosia brachyodon narrow leaved tephrosia  FABACEAE Tephrosia phaeosperma hoary pea   FABACEAE Tephrosia supina x     FABACEAE Tephrosia trifoliata x  FABACEAE Vigna sp.   FABACEAE Zornia muriculata x   FABACEAE - Chamaecrista longipes x CAESALPINIOIDEAE   GOODENIACEAE Goodenia sp.    GOODENIACEAE Scaevola ovalifolia var. ovalifolia bushy fan flower   LAURACEAE Cassytha sp. dodder laurel  

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Mt Mt Elliott Lady Ella Mt Dore Selwyn Cobalt Victoria

Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Qld Declared Plant RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 MALVACEAE Abutilon sp.             MALVACEAE Abutilon leucopetalum desert lantern bush         MALVACEAE Gossypium australe native cotton          MALVACEAE Hibiscus burtonni hibiscus  MALVACEAE Hibiscus meraukensis x  MALVACEAE Hibiscus sturtii Sturt's hibiscus     MALVACEAE Malvastrum sp.      MALVACEAE Sida filiformis x               MALVACEAE Sida rohlenae shrub sida  MALVACEAE Sida platycalyx lifesaver burr    MIMOSACEAE Acacia acradenia x   MIMOSACEAE Acacia melleodora x  MIMOSACEAE Acacia cambagei gidgee      MIMOSACEAE Acacia chippendalei Chippendale's wattle      MIMOSACEAE Acacia chisholmii Chisholm's wattle                MIMOSACEAE Acacia gonoclada x  MIMOSACEAE Acacia hilliana x  MIMOSACEAE Acacia farnesiana *   MIMOSACEAE Acacia macradenia zigzag wattle     MIMOSACEAE Acacia shirleyii lancewood    MIMOSACEAE Acacia tenuissima narrow leaved wattle  MIMOSACEAE Acacia orthocarpa x      MYOPORACEAE Eremophila sp.    MYOPORACEAE Eremophila longifolia berrigan  MYOPORACEAE Eremophila maculata spotted fuchsia bush   MYRTACEAE Corymbia aparrerinja ghost gum  MYRTACEAE Corymbia aspera rough-leaved ghost gum  MYRTACEAE Corymbia terminalis western bloodwood         MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus camaldulensis river redgum     MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus leucophloia snappy gum              MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus leucophylla Cloncurry box   MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus normantonensis Normanton box          NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia palludosa roly poly tar vine

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Mt Mt Elliott Lady Ella Mt Dore Selwyn Cobalt Victoria

Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Qld Declared Plant RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia repleta dwarf lantern flower      NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia paludosa x       NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia schomburgkiana tarvine          PHYLLANTHACEAE Phyllanthus virgatus x     PHYLLANTHACEAE Phyllanthus carpentariae leafflower    PENTAPETACEAE Melhania oblongifolia x       PENTAPETACEAE Melhania ovata x    PENTAPETACEAE Waltheria indica waltheria      POACEAE Aristida sp.     POACEAE Aristida holathera erect kerosene grass        POACEAE Aristida inaequiglumis feathertop threeawn     POACEAE Aristida latifolia feathertop wiregrass      POACEAE Brachiaria sp.  POACEAE Chrysopogon sp.   POACEAE Chrysopogon fallax x  POACEAE Cymbopogon bombycinus silky grass      POACEAE Dicanthium sericeum Queensland blue grass   POACEAE Digitaria ctenanthe    POACEAE Enneapogon cylindricus bottle washers         POACEAE Enneapogon lindleyanus cone-top nine-awn       POACEAE Enneapogon oblongus purple head nineawn  POACEAE Enneapogon purpurascens purple nine-awn   POACEAE Eragrostis sp.   POACEAE Eriachne mucronata mountain wanderrie grass         POACEAE Eulalia fulva silky browntop   POACEAE Heteropogon contortus black speargrass     POACEAE Mnesithea formosa     POACEAE Paraneurachne muelleri x   POACEAE Panicum effusum hairy panic  POACEAE Pennisetum ciliare buffel grass *            POACEAE Perotis rara comet grass    POACEAE Sehima nervosum rat's tail grass  

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page C-5

Mt Mt Elliott Lady Ella Mt Dore Selwyn Cobalt Victoria

Family Scientific Name Common Name Status Qld Declared Plant RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.10.4 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.11.2x2a RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.3.7 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 RE 1.5.3 RE 1.11.3 RE 1.11.2 RE 1.12.1 POACEAE Sporobolus australasicus Australian dropseed   POACEAE Themeda triandra kangaroo grass       POACEAE Tragus australiana Australian bur grass POACEAE Triodia molesta pincushion spinifex                    POACEAE Triodia brizoides x     POACEAE Triodia pungens soft spinifex      POACEAE Tripogon loliiformis five minute grass  PORTULACACEAE Portulaca oleracea pigweed *   PROTEACEAE Hakea chordophylla bull oak  RUBIACEAE Spermacoce sp.  SOLANACEAE Solanum chippendalei Chippendale's tomato        SOLANACEAE Solanum ellipticum potato bush       SPARRMANNIACEAE Triumfetta sp. x  ULMACEAE Trema tomentosa native peach   VIOLACEAE Hybanthus aurantiacus orange spade flower        VIOLACEAE Hybanthus enneaspermus spade flower 

KEYS:

STATUS (Census of the Qld Flora, Qld EPA 2007): E – Endangered, V – Vulnerable, N – Near Threatened, R – Rare, X – presumed extinct *- Naturalised, D – Doubtfully Naturalised, P – Planted

QLD Declared Plant Category (Qld. Land Protection(Pest & Stock route Management) Act 2002): Class 1 - Potential pest. Prevent import, possession, sale. Class 2 - Existing pest. Attempt to control, avoid spread. Class 3 - Attempt to control, avoid spread.

Abundance: D – Dominant, A – Associated, C – Common, O – Occasional

-recorded only during the post-wet season survey.

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page C-6

Appendix D Complete Flora Species List – Investigation Area

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page D-1

Family Scientific Name Common Name

ADIANTACEAE Cheilanthes sp. AIZOACEAE Trianthema sp. Zaleya galericulata hogweed AMARANTHACEAE Aerva javanica desert cotton Alternanthera denticulata lesser joyweed Alternanthera nodiflora common joyweed Amaranthus interruptus native amaranth Ptilotus calostachyus weeping mulla mulla Ptilotus clementi x Ptilotus exaltatus lambs tail Ptilotus filiformis x Ptilotus fusiformis x Ptilotus macrocephalus feather heads Ptilotus nobilis x Ptilotus obovatus smoke bush Ptilotus schwartzii horse mulla mulla APOCYNACEAE Carissa lanceolata conker berry ASTERACEAE Acanthospermum hispidum bristly starbur Bidens bipinnata beggars ticks Centipeda minima spreading sneeze weed Cyanthillium cinereum vernonia Parthenium hysterophorus parthenium weed Pluchea sp. Pluchea dentex x Pluchea dunlopii x Pterocaulon serrulatum apple bush Pterocaulon sphacelatum fruit salad plant Streptoglossa decurrens a mintbush BORAGINACEAE Heliotropium tenuifolium x Trichodesma zeylanicum var. zeylanicum camel bush PENTAPETACEAE Waltheria indica waltheria CAESALPINIACEAE Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii crinkled cassia Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla limestone cassia Senna artemisioides subsp. sturtii grey cassia Senna glutinosa ssp. pruinosa silver cassia Senna notabilis cockroach bush Senna planiticola x CARYOPHYLLACEAE Polycarpaea brevifolia pretty polly Polycarpaea spirostylis northern pretty polly CAPPARACEAE Apophyllum anomalum warrior bush Capparis lasiantha nipan Capparis umbonata northern wild orange Cleome viscosa tickweed CELASTRACEAE Denhamia oleaster x Maytenus cunninghamii yellowberry bush CHENOPODIACEAE Chenopodium sp. x Einadia nutans climbing saltbush Maireana georgei satiny bluebush Maireana villosa silky blue bush Salsola kali soft roly poly Sclerolaena cornishiana x Sclerolaena parviflora Evolvulus alsinoides tropical speedwell Ipomoea sp. Ipomoea plebia bell vine Polymeria ambigua morning glory CUCURBITACEAE Cucumis maderaspatanus madras sea pumpkin Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis ulcardo melon Mukia maderaspatana red cucumber CYPERACEAE Bulbostylis barbata watergrass Cyperus sp.1 x Cyperus sp.2 x Fimbristylis sp. EUPHORBIACEAE Chamaesyce australe caustic weed

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page D-3

Family Scientific Name Common Name

EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia tannensis desert spurge Phyllanthus virgatus virgate leaf-flower Sarcostemma viminale subsp australe caustic bush FABACEAE Crotelaria dissitiflora grey rattlepod Crotelaria medicaginae trefoil rattlepod Crotelaria novae-hollandiae rattlepod Gylcine sp. Glycine tomentella woolly glycine Indigofera sp. Indigofera linnaei Birdsville indigo Indigofera linifolia narrow leaved indigo Indigofera hirsuta hairy indigo Indigofera trita Rhynchosia minima rhynchosia Sesbania cannabina sesbania pea Sesbania javanica sesbania pea Tephrosia sp. x Tephrosia brachyodon narrow leaved tephrosia Tephrosia phaeosperma hoary pea Tephrosia supina x Tephrosia trifoliata x Vigna sp. Zornia muriculata x Chamaecrista drummondii x Chamaecrista longipes x GOODENIACEAE Goodenia sp. Scaevola ovalifolia var. ovalifolia bushy fan flower LAMIACEAE Ocimum tenuiflorum native thyme Cassytha sp. dodder laurel MALVACEAE Abutilon sp. Abutilon leucopetalum desert lantern bush Abutilon otocarpum desert Chinese lantern Gossypium australe native cotton Hibiscus burtonni hibiscus Hibiscus leptocladus hibiscus Hibiscus meraukensis x Hibiscus sturtii Sturt's hibiscus Malvastrum sp. Malvastrum americanum Sida filiformis x Sida rohlenae shrub sida Sida platycalyx lifesaver burr MIMOSACEAE Acacia acradenia x Acacia melleodora x Acacia cambagei gidgee Acacia chippendalei Chippendale's wattle Acacia chisholmii Chisholm's wattle Acacia gonoclada x Acacia hilliana x Acacia farnesiana Acacia macradenia zigzag wattle Acacia shirleyii lancewood Acacia tenuissima narrow leaved wattle Acacia orthocarpa x MYOPORACEAE Eremophila sp. Eremophila bignonifolia x Eremophila longifolia berrigan Eremophila maculata spotted fuchsia bush MYRTACEAE Corymbia aparrerinja ghost gum Corymbia aspera rough-leaved ghost gum Corymbia terminalis western bloodwood Eucalyptus camaldulensis river redgum Eucalyptus leucophloia snappy gum Eucalyptus leucophylla Cloncurry box Eucalyptus normantonensis Normanton box Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page D-4

Family Scientific Name Common Name

NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia palludosa roly poly tar vine Boerhavia repleta dwarf lantern flower Boerhavia paludosa x Boerhavia schomburgkiana tarvine PHYLLANTHACEAE Phyllanthus virgatus x Phyllanthus carpentariae leafflower PENTAPETACEAE Melhania oblongifolia x Melhania ovata x Waltheria indica waltheria POACEAE Aristida sp. Aristida contorta bunched kerosene grass Aristida holathera erect kerosene grass Aristida inaequiglumis feathertop threeawn Aristida latifolia feathertop wiregrass Aristida longicollis x Brachiaria sp. Chloris virgata feathertop rhodes grass Chrysopogon sp. Chrysopogon fallax x Cymbopogon bombycinus silky grass Cymbopogon obtectus silky heads Dactyloctenium radulans button grass Dicanthium sericeum Queensland blue grass Digitaria ctenanthe Enneapogon cylindricus bottle washers Enneapogon lindleyanus cone-top nine-awn Enneapogon oblongus purple head nineawn Enneapogon purpurascens purple nine-awn Eragrostis sp. Eragrostis elongata clustered lovegrass Eragrostis setifolia bristly love grass Eragrostis spartinoides x Eriachne mucronata mountain wanderrie grass Eulalia fulva silky browntop Heteropogon contortus black speargrass Mnesithea formosa Paraneurachne muelleri x Panicum effusum hairy panic Paspalidium rarum x Pennisetum ciliare buffel grass Perotis rara comet grass Sehima nervosum rat's tail grass Sporobolus australasicus Australian dropseed Themeda triandra kangaroo grass Tragus australiana Australian bur grass Triodia molesta pincushion spinifex Triodia brizoides x Triodia pungens soft spinifex Tripogon loliiformis five minute grass PORTULACACEAE Portulaca oleracea pigweed Portulaca pilosa hairy portulaca PROTEACEAE Grevillea striata beefwood Grevillea wickhamii holly leaved grevillea PROTEACEAE Hakea chordophylla bull oak RUBIACEAE Canthium latifolium native currant Oldenlandia galioides x Spermacoce sp. RHAMNACEAE Alphitonia excelsa soap wood SANTALACEAE Santalum lanceolatum sandalwood SAPINDACEAE Atalaya hemiglauca whitewood Dodonaea lanceolata x SOLANACEAE Solanum chippendalei Chippendale's tomato Solanum ellipticum potato bush SPARRMANNIACEAE Corchorus sidioides flannel jute Triumfetta sp. x

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page D-5

Family Scientific Name Common Name

ULMACEAE Trema tomentosa native peach VIOLACEAE Hybanthus aurantiacus orange spade flower Hybanthus enneaspermus spade flower 48 Families 108 Genera 197 Species

-recorded only during the post-wet season survey.

Ivanhoe Cloncurry Mines Post Wet-Season Survey (ICM02) | Page D-6

Neldner, J (1991) “Vegetation Survey of Central Western Queensland – Mapsheet [1:250,000]” PLACE (2006), ‘Flora and Fauna Study between the Trekelano Leases and the Duchess to Phosphate Hill Road’. Prepared by PLACE Environmental for Placer Dome Australia.

Pennay, M [New South Wales Department of Environment and Conservation], Law, B [State Forests of New South Wales] & Reinhold, L [Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Mines] - Bat calls on NSW - Region based guide to the echolocation calls of microchiropteran bats.

PLACE (2008), ‘Lucky Luke Satellite Operation – Flora and Fauna Assessment’. Prepared by PLACE Design Group for Barrick (Osborne) Pty Ltd.

PLACE (2010), ‘Lucky Luke Satellite Operation – Ecological Assessment’. Prepared by PLACE Design Group for Barrick (Osborne) Pty Ltd.

Queensland Herbarium (2009) “Regional Ecosystem Description Database (REDD)”. Version 6.0b Updated November 2009, (November 2009) (Department of Environment and Resource Management: Brisbane). Accessed 19 October 2010 http://www.derm.qld.gov.au/wildlife- ecosystems/biodiversity/regional_ecosystems/how_to_download_redd.html

Sattler, P and Williams, R (eds). (1999) “The Conservation of Queensland’s Bioregional Ecosystems.” Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane.

Sharp, Donovan et.al. 2002. AusGrass: Grasses of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, ACT. Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbanee, Qld.

Sharpe, P.R. 1986. Keys to Cyperaceae of Queensland. Botany Branch, Dept. of Primary Industries, Brisbane, Qld.

Threatened Species and Threatened Ecological Communities – Advice to the Minister- http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/t-troughtoni.html

Walker, J & Hopkins, M.S “Vegetation” in McDonald, R.C, Isbell, R.F, Speight, J.G, Walker, J. and Hopkins, M.S (1990) “Australian Soil and Land Survey Field Handbook (2nd Edition)” Inkata Press.

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