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Baby Hope Downs Flora Report V10.Docx 3 Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey Prepared for Rio Tinto December 2014 Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey © Biota Environmental Sciences Pty Ltd 2014 ABN 49 092 687 119 Level 1, 228 Carr Place Leederville Western Australia 6007 Ph: (08) 9328 1900 Fax: (08) 9328 6138 Job No.: 1049 Prepared by: P. Anderson, R. Glover Document Quality Checking History Version: 5.4 Peer review: S. Schmidt Version: 10 Director review: M. Maier Version: 10 Format review: F. Hedley Approved for issue: M. Maier This document has been prepared to the requirements of the client identified on the cover page and no representation is made to any third party. It may be cited for the purposes of scientific research or other fair use, but it may not be reproduced or distributed to any third party by any physical or electronic means without the express permission of the client for whom it was prepared or Biota Environmental Sciences Pty Ltd. This report has been designed for double-sided printing. Hard copies supplied by Biota are printed on recycled paper. Cube:Current:1049 (Baby Hope Downs Biological):Documents:Flora:Baby Hope Downs Flora Report_v10.docx 3 Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey This page intentionally blank. 4 Cube:Current:1049 (Baby Hope Downs Biological):Documents:Flora:Baby Hope Downs Flora Report_v10.docx Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey Contents 1.0 Summary 9 2.0 Introduction 11 2.1 Project Background 11 2.2 Scope and Objectives of this Study 11 3.0 Methodology 13 3.1 Desktop Assessment 13 3.2 Field Survey 14 3.3 Specimen Identification, Nomenclature and Data Entry 17 3.4 Consolidation of Riparian Vegetation Mapping 17 3.5 Limitations of this Study 18 4.0 Desktop Review 19 4.1 IBRA Bioregion and Subregion 19 4.2 Conservation Reserves in the Study Area Locality 19 4.3 Surface Geology 19 4.4 Land Systems 21 4.5 Landforms and Surface Hydrology 23 4.6 Beard’s Vegetation Mapping 24 4.7 Previous Biological Surveys in the Locality 25 4.8 Communities of Conservation Significance Known from the Locality 30 4.9 Conservation Significant Flora Known from the Locality 32 5.0 Vegetation of the Study Area 33 5.1 Overview 33 5.2 Description of the Vegetation Units 33 5.3 Vegetation Condition 42 5.4 Vegetation of Conservation Significance 43 6.0 Flora of the Study Area 45 6.1 Overview 45 6.2 Dominant Families and Genera 45 6.3 Species Richness – Regional Context 45 6.4 Flora of Conservation Significance 46 6.5 Poorly Collected, Variable or Incompletely Resolved Taxa 49 6.6 Introduced Flora (Weeds) 49 7.0 Analysis of Riparian Vegetation in the Survey Area and Local Catchments 53 7.1 Riparian Vegetation Within Baby Hope Downs 53 7.2 Cumulative Impact Assessment 55 8.0 Glossary and Acronyms 57 9.0 References 59 Cube:Current:1049 (Baby Hope Downs Biological):Documents:Flora:Baby Hope Downs Flora Report_v10.docx 5 Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey Appendix 1 Framework for Conservation Significance Ranking of Communities and Species in WA Appendix 2 Vegetation Structural Classes and Condition Scale Appendix 3 Results of the Flora Desktop Review: Summary of Conservation Significant Flora Recorded from the Locality Appendix 4 List of Flora Taxa Recorded Within the Study Area Appendix 5 Records of Conservation Significant Flora Within the Study Area Appendix 6 Records of Introduced Flora Within the Study Area Appendix 7 Vegetation Mapping and Locations of Conservation Significant Flora Appendix 8 Survey Effort – Foot Traverses and Mapping Note Locations Appendix 9 Vegetation Condition Mapping and Introduced Flora Locations Appendix 10 Raw Data for Quadrats and Relevés from the Current Study Appendix 11 Raw Data from Southern Flank to Jinidi (Biota 2012) Quadrats and Relevés in the Current Study Area Appendix 12 Poorly Collected, Variable or Incompletely Resolved Taxa Tables Table 3.1: Ranking system used to assign the likelihood that a species would occur in the study area. 14 Table 4.1: Geological units occurring within the study area (Geological Survey of Western Australia 1990, 1996). 19 Table 4.2: Extent of land systems in the study area and the percentage this represents of their total extent in the Pilbara bioregion. 21 Table 4.3: Beard’s (1975b) mapping units that occur in the study area and their extent in the Hamersley subregion (data from Government of Western Australia 2013). 24 Table 4.4: Summary of key previous flora and vegetation surveys within 15 km of the study area. 27 Table 6.1: Dominant plant families and genera in the study area. 45 Table 6.2: Summary of ranking for all weeds recorded from the study area to date. 50 6 Cube:Current:1049 (Baby Hope Downs Biological):Documents:Flora:Baby Hope Downs Flora Report_v10.docx Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey Figures Figure 2.1: Location of the Baby Hope Downs study area. 12 Figure 3.1: Monthly rainfall at the Marillana weather station (5009) for the 12 months preceding the survey, compared to the long-term monthly median rainfall (BoM 2014). 15 Figure 4.1: Geological units mapped in the vicinity of the study area (Geological Survey of Western Australia 1990, 1996). 20 Figure 4.2: Land systems and Beard’s vegetation mapping for the study area. 22 Figure 4.3: Oblique aerial image of the study area with major landforms indicated (image source GoogleEarth 2014). 23 Figure 4.4: Oblique aerial image of part of the study area with major landforms indicated (image source GoogleEarth 2014). 24 Figure 4.5: Previous relevant flora surveys conducted in close proximity of the study area (within 15 km). 26 Figure 4.6: PECs known from the locality of the study area. 31 Figure 6.1: The number of native taxa recorded from the study area compared to other surveys in the locality. 46 Figure 7.1: Riparian vegetation associated with Pebble Mouse Creek in the Baby Hope Downs study area. 53 Figure 7.2: Riparian vegetation in the Baby Hope Downs locality, showing relevant PECs. 54 Figure 7.3: Riparian vegetation in the Pebble Mouse Creek catchment, showing direct disturbance through clearing for the Hope Downs 1 mine. 56 Plates Plate 5.1: Vegetation unit H1 (ElTwTsps). 34 Plate 5.2: Vegetation unit H2 (ElTp). 34 Plate 5.3: Vegetation unit H3 (CdElAiTsps). 35 Plate 5.4: Vegetation unit P1 (AanAcaTp). 35 Plate 5.5: Vegetation unit P2 (EgTspsTp). 36 Plate 5.6: Minor drainage dissecting vegetation unit P2 (EgTspsTp). 36 Plate 5.7: Vegetation unit D1 (Ev). 39 Plate 5.8: Vegetation unit D2 (EvAci). 39 Plate 5.9: Vegetation unit D3 (ExAciTloTp). 40 Plate 5.10: Vegetation unit D4 (ExApyPlTloTp). 40 Plate 5.11: Vegetation unit D5 (AanTpCHf). 40 Plate 5.12: Vegetation unit D6 (ElAbTp). 40 Plate 5.13: Vegetation unit G1 (CfElTHtCYaERImTp). 41 Plate 5.14: Vegetation unit G1 (CfElTHtCYaERImTp). 41 Plate 5.15: Drill lines mapped as Completely Degraded. 42 Plate 5.16: Track mapped as Completely Degraded. 42 Plate 6.1: Limited area of typical Lepidium catapycnon habitat within the study area. 47 Plate 6.2: Eremophila sp. Hamersley Range (K. Walker KW 136). 48 Plate 6.3: Hibiscus sp. Gurinbiddy Range (M.E. Trudgen MET 15708). 48 Plate 6.4: Eremophila magnifica subsp. velutina. 48 Plate 6.5: Goodenia lyrata. 48 Plate 6.6: Eremophila magnifica subsp. magnifica. 49 Cube:Current:1049 (Baby Hope Downs Biological):Documents:Flora:Baby Hope Downs Flora Report_v10.docx 7 Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey This page intentionally blank. 8 Cube:Current:1049 (Baby Hope Downs Biological):Documents:Flora:Baby Hope Downs Flora Report_v10.docx Baby Hope Downs Flora and Vegetation Survey 1.0 Summary Rio Tinto proposes to develop the Baby Hope Downs iron ore deposit, located approximately 75 km northwest of Newman, in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The study area is situated along a section of Pebble Mouse Creek, which converges with Weeli Wolli Creek a further 9 km downstream. The study area is approximately 1,652 ha in size, of which 1,352 ha (80%) have previously been subject to a Level 2 flora and vegetation survey. Biota Environmental Sciences was commissioned by Rio Tinto to complete a botanical survey of the remainder of the study area and to consolidate existing data. Key components of this study comprised mapping of vegetation types and their condition; a desktop assessment of the distribution of riparian vegetation in the Pebble Mouse Creek and Weeli Wolli catchments, to assist with a cumulative impact assessment for the development; assessment of 17 quadrats and eight relevés, together with compilation of data from a further 13 quadrats and five relevés completed previously in the study area; and targeted searches for conservation significant flora and weeds. A total of 12 vegetation units were described from the study area. The majority of the vegetation in the study area was ranked as being in Excellent condition. None of the vegetation units comprise listed Threatened Ecological Communities or Priority Ecological Communities, and none appear to be locally restricted. Three vegetation units are considered to be of local conservation significance: • Two vegetation units (D1 and D2) comprise scattered riparian eucalypts in the major drainage feature for the area (Pebble Mouse Creek), and are currently in Very Good condition. The condition of these units could be threatened by grazing and trampling by cattle and feral animals, and weed invasion (particularly by Buffel Grass *Cenchrus ciliaris and Ruby Dock *Acetosa vesicaria). Similar vegetation assemblages are widespread in major creek systems through the Pilbara including tributaries of the Beasley River, and in the Caves Creek/Duck Creek, Hardey River and Marillana Creek/Weeli Wolli Creek systems.
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