JS Journal Jul-Aug 1982
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The Global Grocery and General Merchandising Market Marketing Essay
The Global Grocery And General Merchandising Market Marketing Essay Jack Cohen founded Tesco in 1919 when he began to sell surplus groceries from a stall at Well Street Market, Hackney, in the East End of London (ironically, the market is now much smaller than in those days; a large Tesco Metro store now sits on the site.)[11] The Tesco brand first appeared in 1924. The name came about after Jack Cohen bought a shipment of tea from T.E. Stockwell. He made new labels using the first three letters of the supplier’s name (TES), and the first two letters of his surname (CO), forming the word TESCO.[12] The first Tesco store was opened in 1929 in Burnt Oak, Edgware, Middlesex. Tesco was floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1947 as Tesco Stores (Holdings) Limited.[11] The first self-service store opened in St Albans in 1956 (which remained operational until 2010, with a period as a Tesco Metro),[13] and the first supermarket in Maldon in 1956.[11] During the 1950s and the 1960s Tesco grew organically, and also through acquisitions, until it owned more than 800 stores. The company purchased 70 Williamsons stores (1957), 200 Harrow Stores outlets (1959), 212 Irwins stores (1960, beating Express Dairies Premier Supermarkets to the deal), 97 Charles Phillips stores (1964) and the Victor Value chain (1968) (sold to Bejam in 1986).[14] Originally specialising in food and drink, it has diversified into areas such as clothing, electronics, financial services, telecoms, home, health, car, dental and pet insurance, retailing and renting DVDs,[10] CDs, music downloads, Internet services and software. -
Retail Change: a Consideration of the UK Food Retail Industry, 1950-2010. Phd Thesis, Middlesex University
Middlesex University Research Repository An open access repository of Middlesex University research http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk Clough, Roger (2002) Retail change: a consideration of the UK food retail industry, 1950-2010. PhD thesis, Middlesex University. [Thesis] This version is available at: https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/8105/ Copyright: Middlesex University Research Repository makes the University’s research available electronically. Copyright and moral rights to this work are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners unless otherwise stated. The work is supplied on the understanding that any use for commercial gain is strictly forbidden. A copy may be downloaded for personal, non-commercial, research or study without prior permission and without charge. Works, including theses and research projects, may not be reproduced in any format or medium, or extensive quotations taken from them, or their content changed in any way, without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). They may not be sold or exploited commercially in any format or medium without the prior written permission of the copyright holder(s). Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including the author’s name, the title of the work, publication details where relevant (place, publisher, date), pag- ination, and for theses or dissertations the awarding institution, the degree type awarded, and the date of the award. If you believe that any material held in the repository infringes copyright law, please contact the Repository Team at Middlesex University via the following email address: [email protected] The item will be removed from the repository while any claim is being investigated. -
A Historical Look at the Shops – Past and Present in the Colchester Town Centre Area
A HISTORICAL LOOK AT THE SHOPS – PAST AND PRESENT IN THE COLCHESTER TOWN CENTRE AREA 1 INTRODUCTION Having written about walking around our town and others over Christmas and the month of January, looking at churches in Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk, the weekend of 1st and 2nd February 2014, saw me writing and photographing the main shops in our town of Colchester and trying to find out the National History of the businesses. So here is my story again …… 99p STORE (84-86 Culver Street East) 99p Stores Ltd. is a family run business founded in January 2001 by entrepreneur Nadir Lalani, who opened the first store in the chain in Holloway, London, with a further three stores opening later that year. In 2002, Lalani decided to expand the business throughout the UK and has rapidly developed 99p Stores, operating a total of 129 stores as of March 2010 and serving around 1.5 million customers each week, undercutting their main rival Poundland by a penny. As of mid-2009 the company offered more than 3,500 different product lines throughout its stores. Most of their stores are based in the south of the UK, although there are stores as far north as Liverpool and Hartlepool. The chain saw accelerated store expansion upon the collapse of Woolworths Group, where they took the opportunity to acquire 15 of these former stores, increasing their estate to 79 at that time. Landlords are now regarding 99p Stores as an anchor tenant due to the significant number of customers one of their stores can bring to a location. -
A STUDY of the EVOLUTION of CONCENTRATION in the FOOD DISTRIBUTION INDUSTRY for the UNITED KINGDOM October 1977
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES A STUDY OF THE EVOLUTION OF CONCENTRATION IN THE FOOD DISTRIBUTION INDUSTRY FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM October 1977 In 1970 the Commission initiated a research programme on the evolution of concen tration and com petition in several sectors and markets of manufacturing industries in the different Member States (textile, paper, pharmaceutical and photographic pro ducts, cycles and motorcycles, agricultural machinery, office machinery, textile machinery, civil engineering equipment, hoisting and handling equipment, electronic and audio equipment, radio and television receivers, domestic electrical appliances, food and drink manufacturing industries). The aims, criteria and principal results of this research are set out in the document "M ethodology of concentration analysis applied to the study o f industries and markets” , by Dr. Remo LINDA, (ref. 8756), September 1976. This particular volume constitutes a part of the second series of studies, the main aims of which is to present the results of the research on the evolution of concentration in the food distribution industry for the United Kingdom. Another volume, already published (vol. II: Price Surveys), outlines the results of the research on the distribution o f food products in the United Kingdom, w ith regard to the evolution of prices and mark-ups, based on a limited sample of food products and on a limited number of sales points in the Greater London area. Similar volumes concerning the structures of the distributive systems and the evolution of prices and mark ups have been established also fo r other Member States (Germany, France, Italy and Denmark). COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES A STUDY OF THE EVOLUTION OF CONCENTRATION IN THE FOOD DISTRIBUTION INDUSTRY FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM VOLUME I Industry structure and concentration by Development Analysts Ltd., 49 Lower Addiscombe Road, Croydon, CRO 6PQ, England. -
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A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/98784 Copyright and reuse: This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications 2 o Strategic Groups, Industry Structure and Firms ’ Strategies: Theory and Evidence from the UK Grocery Retailing Industry Francesco Fortunato Curto Thesis Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Warwick Business School University of Warwick England May 1998 Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction 1.0 The Research P- 1 1.1 Structure of the Research P- 5 Chapter 2 The Theoretical Foundations of Strategic Groups: the Harvard Approach 2.0 Introduction P- 9 2.1 The Research Context: Industrial Organisation and the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) Paradigm p. 10 2.1.1 Firms’ Strategies and the Industry Structure in the SCP Paradigm P- 15 2.2 The Theory of Strategic Groups and Mobility Barriers p. 16 2.2.1 Structural and Endogenous Barriers to Entry P- 18 2.2.2 Barriers to Mobility and Strategic Groups P- 20 2.2.3 The Origins of Strategic Groups and Firms’ Strategic Behaviour P- 21 2.2.4 Intergroup Mobility, New Entry and Mobility Dynamics p. 22 2.3 The Characteristics of Strategic Groups Theory P- 25 2.4 Further Theoretical Development: Porter’s (1979) Theory of a Firm’s Profitability P- 28 2.4.1 Oligopolistic Rivalry and Firms’ Performance p. -
A Case-Study of Kwik Save Group P.L.C
Spatial-Structural Relationships in Retail corporate Growth: A Case-Study of Kwik Save Group P.L.C. by Leigh Sparks* Retail companies develop and expand by combining both struc- tural attributes and spatial awareness. The spatial-structural development and growth of individual retail companies has been neglected in the growing retail literature. Through examin- ing in detail the growth and development of retail companies, concentrating on both the spatial and structural dimensions of development ad using the concepts and ideas emerging in cognate fields such as entrepreneurship, competitive strategy and innovation diffusion, it is postulated that a better under- standing of the complexities of retail growth will be produced. A case-study of Kwik Save Group P.L.C. is used here to explore these concepts, to build a spatial-structural theory of retail change and to demonstrate the relevance and usefulness of detailed study of individual firm. INTRODUCTION 'Every marketing strategy leaves a spatial imprint' [Jones and Simmons, 1987: 331.1. Retail companies operate in both a business and a spatial environment. It has often been claimed that location is crucial to retailing,, but it is equally true that the retail offering and operation has to fit both the marketing and the wider competitive environment. Retail businesses develop by considering both the spatial and the structural elements of the company and the environment. Retailers have to determine what and how they are going to retail, where outlets are to be located in respect of the market and the competition and how the retail operations are going to be organised. -
Accounting for Uk Retailers' Success
THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER - APPROVED ELECTRONICALLY GENERATED THESIS/DISSERTATION COVER-PAGE Electronic identifier: 16349 Date of electronic submission: 27/09/2015 The University of Manchester makes unrestricted examined electronic theses and dissertations freely available for download and reading online via Manchester eScholar at http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar. This print version of my thesis/dissertation is a TRUE and ACCURATE REPRESENTATION of the electronic version submitted to the University of Manchester's institutional repository, Manchester eScholar. Approved electronically generated cover-page version 1.0 ACCOUNTING FOR UK RETAILERS’ SUCCESS: KEY METRICS FOR SUCCESS AND FAILURE A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2015 TARLOK N. TEJI MANCHESTER BUSINESS SCHOOL Contents LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................... 9 LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... 10 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................. 11 DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT ............................................................................................ 12 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... 13 PREFACE .................................................................................................................................. -
Bejam LAST MONTH a Look Was Taken at Frozen Amazing—There Were Only 50,000 Domestic Their Local Sainsbury's
JQ JOURNAL ^J f^J April 1983 Page 4 «J3IJ'» ti.A Page 6 LI 'lillllillUlllHMJIIIilHHyil im HOMEBASE OPENINGS EWS NEWS NEWS 1 AN ADDITION to the Journal team this month is Yvonne Burke, who joins as assistant editor. „ Yvonne, 24, has moved to Blackfriars from the West End of London, where she was assistant editor of Selfridges' house magazine— The Key. Talented and vivacious, her interests, apart from writing, include aerobics, the theatre and travel. In case the name rings a bell, Yvonne already has a sister at JS—Colette, who is a buyer in the grocery division. Yvonne Burke JSJOURNAL Executive Club is published every month for employees of A TALK FROM Minister of Agriculture, nature, neither too detailed nor too J Sainsbury pic Fisheries and Food, the Rt Hon Peter specialised, and calls for decision making Stamford House Walker, brought the latest season of on such matters as size of production, Stamford Street Sainsbury's Executive Club to a successful product quality, pricing and marketing. London SE1 9LL close. Played in ten rounds, the winners will be Telephone: 01-921 6660 Peter Walker spoke of his experience the leading team at the end of the last Associate editor representing Britain in Common Market round, probably sometime in June. John Fielder discussions on agriculture and his views Assistant editor on the development of the Community's Competition Yvonne Burke food policy. Journal secretary Members of the club are also taking The competition was open to all Ann Grain part in a business game competition, with grades of management from JS Streat- Design a first prize of a case of JS champagne! ham and Blackfriars offices and Home- Alex Evans The competition takes the form of a base head office. -
D Ix Ons R E Ta Il P Lc a N N U a L R E P O Rt a N D a C C O U N Ts 2 011/12
Dixons Retail plc Retail Dixons Ann ual Report and Accounts 2011/12 Accounts and Report ual Dixons Retail plc Annual Report and Accounts 2011/12 Dixons Retail plc Maylands Avenue Hemel Hempstead Hertfordshire HP2 7TG United Kingdom Tel: 0844 800 2030 www.dixonsretail.com About us Dixons Retail plc is a specialist electrical retailer and services company which sells consumer electronics, personal computers, domestic appliances, photographic equipment, communication products and related services. We are one of Europe’s leading specialist electrical retailing groups. We trade through over 1,200 stores and online, spanning 28 countries and we employ 36,500 people. Scan here to download our Investor Relations app onto your iPad or iPhone Cautionary statement Designed and produced by MerchantCantos: www.merchantcantos.com Certain statements in this Annual Report and Accounts are forward looking statements. Such statements are based on Photography: current expectations and are subject to a number of risks and Dixons Retail plc Digital studio uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from any expected future events or results referred to in these Dennis Davis: Dennis Davis Photography forward looking statements. Unless otherwise required by Isaac Newman: www.isaac.uk.com applicable laws, regulations or accounting standards, we do ® not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward Printed by Park Communications on FSC certified paper. Park is an EMAS looking statements, whether as a result of new information, certified CarbonNeutral® Company and its Environmental Management System future developments or otherwise. Nothing in this Annual is certified to ISO14001. 100% of the inks used are vegetable oil based, 95% of Report and Accounts should be regarded as a profit forecast. -
The British Market for US Food Exports
-',C., USDA/l;'AER~210 BRITISH MARKET FOR U. S •. FOOD EXPORTS ,. /H. ;':~CNITT ECONOMIC RESEARCHSERvrQE, WASIUNGTON, DC. INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC, SDIV. JAN 85 49P 2 8 11111 . "'" 2.5 I 0 :: 3 2 • D~ 11111 . I I Sol Btl 111F6 I I I ~ ~ I~ 2.0 I . tJ~~ 111111.8 111111.25 111111.4 11111 1.6 PB85-166031 British Market for U.S. Food Exports (U.S.) Economic Research Service, Washington, DC Jan 85 I1--------_______I1 __'!III:.·IIItIII\:==-===: ::_1 u.s. Department of Cammerce National Technical Information Servk:e NliS~ ~!~02~n~.I~OI~~~~~~~~~~~~______________-=~12~__~______~~~~~~~;N;-____"___ 1 REPORT DOCUMENTATION 1• REPO~2~' 12. 3. Recipient'. Accession No. PAGE FAER ~~--TH--'e--ar.-.d--su-b-tn-,-~----------~---------------·--------------______________ ----~~~R~e~~rt-D-a-t~e~~~~~~~~~E;~l;; X:..:) n3 .1 ~ The British Market for U.S. Food Exports January 1985 7. Author(s) Harold A. McNitt I. Performin. O,.anlzation Rept. No. 9. Perform/n. Organization Name and Addres. FAER-210 International Economics Division 10. Proj6<:.'tlTa.k/Wortc Unit No. Economic Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture 11. Contract(C) or Grant(G) No. Washington, D.C. 20250 eCl (G) 12. S~nsorfn. O....nlzatlon Name and Addreu 13. Type of Re~rt & Period Covered 14. 15. Supplementary Notes j. 16. AbatrKt (Limit: 200 WOrds) Several U.S. food products are or could be good sellers in the British market. They include variety meats, edible tree nuts, peanuts, dried veeetables, dried . and fresh fruit, selected grain products, and rice. These products are promising despite the problems posed by the European Community's import barriers and by heavy competition from Mediterranean and developing country suppliers, Changes in the British rood marketplace, age distribution, household size, per sonal disposable income, and 'lifestyle have sharply altered British patterns of food demand, enhancing interest in highly processed convenience foods and fresh produce. -
Industry Report
INDUSTRY REPORT 2030: THE DEATH OF THE HIGH STREET WHY THE RISE IN E-COMMERCE MEANS BRITAIN’S TOWN CENTRES WILL BE UNRECOGNISABLE WITHIN 15 YEARS AUTHOR: DAVID JINKS MILT HEAD OF CONSUMER RESEARCH EMAIL: [email protected] WEB: PARCELHERO.COM/HIGHSTREETREPORT THE HIGH STREET APPEARS UNCHANGING; BUT IN FACT IT IS AN ENVIRONMENT THAT IS UNDER THREAT. IN 1950 THERE WERE NEARLY 600,000 STORES IN THE UK; BUT, BY 1971, THE ARRIVAL OF THE SUPERMARKET REDUCED THE AMOUNT TO WELL UNDER 400,000. BY 2012 THERE WERE ONLY 290,000 SHOPS LEFT; AND BY 2030 JUST 130,000 ARE LIKELY TO SURVIVE BECAUSE OF THE IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE. NOTE THE BANK LOGO. BANK FASHION FAILED IN 2015 IN THE TEETH OF INTERNET COMPETITION. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The death of the High Street as we know it may be far nearer than people think. By 2030, just 13 years’ time, the impact of e-commerce and home deliveries will mean the town centre as we know it today, with all its familiar names, will be a memory. 1. Vanishing stores: Between 2020 and 2030 half of the UK’s existing shop premises will have disappeared. In 1950 there were 600,000 stores in the UK, in 2012 there were 290,000 and just 220,000 will survive by 2020 says The Centre for Retail Research. With home deliveries increasing exponentially, the decade from 2020 to 2030 will see a further 100,000 stores close if this trend continues: leaving just 120,000 shops on our high street. 2. E-commerce conquers all: By 2030 e-commerce will account for around 40% of all UK retail sales. -
Tesco Versus Sainsbury's Growth Strategies and Corporate Competitiveness 1990-2007
Tesco versus Sainsbury’s Growth Strategies and Corporate Competitiveness 1990-2007 Case study Reference no 308-065-1 This case was written by Markus Kreutzer and Professor Dr Christoph Lechner, University of St Gallen. It is intended to be used as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a management situation.The case was compiled from published sources. © 2008, University of St Gallen. No part of this publication may be copied, stored, transmitted, reproduced or distributed in any form or medium whatsoever without the permission of the copyright owner. Distributed by ecch, UK and USA North America Rest of the world www.ecch.com t +1 781 239 5884 t +44 (0)1234 750903 ecch the case for learning All rights reserved f +1 781 239 5885 f +44 (0)1234 751125 Printed in UK and USA e [email protected] e [email protected] 308-065-1 INTRODUCTION In 2008, the UK-based international food and general merchandising retailer Tesco reached a market share of about 30% in the UK, roughly the same as its rivals Sainsbury’s and ASDA combined. Tesco has greatly diversified, extending its business lines from food into non-food, clothing, financial services, and telecommunications. It ranks sixth in the international retail market behind Wal-Mart (US), Carrefour (France), Home Depot (US), Metro (Germany), and Royal Ahold (Netherlands).1 Tesco was not always the dominant player it is today. In 1990, it was a mid-sized food chain far behind its rival, Sainsbury’s. Starting in the 1990s, it pursued a broad set of growth initiatives, steadily increasing its market share and gaining importance.