Family Descriptions

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Family Descriptions FAMILY DESCRIPTIONS CAT = Although they do not contain keys, the identification references include recent cata- logues as valuable source on genera, species, distribution and references. CMPD = Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera. Lindner = Chapter in Lindner, E., Die Fliegen der Paläarktischen Region. ( ) Family names between brackets refer to names as found in the literature, not recognised here as a separate family but, as indicated, considered part of another family. et al. References with more than two authors are given as First author et al. As far as not yet outdated, the number of genera and species in Europe is largely based on the Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, the CMPD and Fauna Europaea, the latter available online at: www.faunaeur.org (consulted was version 1.2, updated 7 March 2005). As to size, the following categories are distinguished: minute: smaller than 2 mm; small: 2- 5 mm; medium sized: 5-10 mm; large: 10-20 mm; very large: over 20 mm. Acartophthalmidae (key couplet 113; fig. 243) Systematics: Acalyptrate Brachycera; superfamily Opomyzoidea; in Europe 1 genus, Acartophthalmus, with 3 species. Characters: Minute to small (1-2.5 mm), brownish grey flies. Arista pubescent, ocelli present; Oc-bristles present; P-bris- tles strong, far apart, diverging; 3 pairs of F-bristles, curving obliquely out-backward, increasing in size, the upper pair the largest; scattered interfrontal setulae present; vibrissae absent but with a series of strong bristles near the vibrissal angle. Wing unmarked or tinged along costa; costa with a humeral break only; vein Sc complete; crossvein BM-Cu present; cell cup closed. Tibiae without dorsal preapical bristle. Biology: The larvae of this small family are presumed to feed on rotting organic matter. The adults appear to inhabit woodland and are found on rotting bracket fungi and mushrooms, decay- ing wood, droppings and carrion; deposition of eggs on a dead 452 Acartophthalmus nigrinus snail and carrion has been observed. (Zetterstedt), female; Papp 1978 Identification references: Ozerov 1986 (review); Stackelberg 1989al (former USSR); CMPD: Papp & Ozerov 1998; CAT: Papp 1984e. 110 Acroceridae (key couplet 45; fig. 98-99) Systematics: Lower muscomorph Brachycera; superfamily Nemestrinoidea; in Europe 8 genera and about 35 species. Characters: Despite variability in size (2.5-20 mm), colour and wing venation, these flies are easily recognised by their small head situated almost below the hunchbacked thorax, the large ear- shaped lower calypter and large abdomen. Body colour dull or lus- trous, usually black with white, yellow, or orange markings on thorax and abdomen. The small head largely occupied by the rela- tively large eyes, holoptic in both sexes. Wing clear or tinged; venation varying from complete to strongly reduced. Legs simple, femora sometimes swollen; empodium pulvilliform. Biology: The larvae are endoparasitoids of spiders, usually one larva per spider, rarely two or more. The spider continues functioning 453 Astomella hispaniae Lamarck, normally until just prior to completion of the fourth instar. At the male; Sack 1936 end of this stage the spider is largely eaten and the larva pupates outside the spider in the web the spider has woven at the very last. There are apparently no fixed host-parasitoid relationships at the species level. Adults may more or less abound locally but apart from species visiting flowers and feeding on nectar, they are rarely observed. They are mainly active on warm sunny days. Males may sometimes gather in large numbers at higher points in the landscape (hilltopping). Mating takes place in flight. Identification references: Chvála 1980 (Central Europe); Van der Goot 1963, De Jong et al. F 2000 (Netherlands), Nartshuk 1989f (former USSR); Oldroyd 1969; Stubbs & Drake 2001 (British Isles); Weinberg & Bächli 1997 (Switzerland); CMPD: Nartshuk 1997; CAT: Nartshuk 1988. (Aenigmatiidae): part of the Phoridae. Agromyzidae (key couplet 110, 123; fig. 241-242, 263-266) Systematics: Acalyptrate Brachycera; superfamily Opomyzoidea; in Europe some 23 genera and about 910 species. Characters: Minute to medium sized (1-6 mm) flies, varying in colour from all yellow to black to metallic green. Arista bare to pubescent; ocelli present; Oc-bristles present; P-bristles diverg- ing; 2-8 pairs of F-bristles, the lower 1–3 pairs curving inward, the other pairs backward; interfrontal bristles absent; interfrontal setulae sometimes present; vibrissae present but in some cases weak. Wing unmarked; costa with subcostal break; vein Sc com- plete or incomplete, apically ending in vein R1 (Agromyzinae) or separate from vein R1 but reduced to a fold that may or may not reach the costa (Phytomyzinae); crossvein BM-Cu present; cell cup closed. Tibiae without dorsal preapical bristle. Female with oviscape, non retractable basal segment of the ovipositor. Biology: The larvae are mining, generally in the stalks or leaves of 454 Mines of the larva of Aulagromyza herbs, sometimes in roots, seeds or under bark. In the few species populi (Kaltenbach) on Populus; Hering living on woody plants this may lead to gall formation. Most 1957 species are more or less host specific and several species cause damage to economically important plants. The shape of the mine is often characteristic of the species and therefore useful for identification. Adults occur in a variety of habitats, depending on the larval host plants. Identification references: Dempewolf 2004 (World); Hering 1957 (mines); E.B. Rohdendorf 1989 (former USSR); Spencer 1972 (British Isles), 1976 (Northwestern Europe), 1987 (North America); CMPD: Darvas & Papp 2000 (genera); CAT: Papp 1984d (see also Spencer & Martinez 1987). 111.
Recommended publications
  • André Nel Sixtieth Anniversary Festschrift
    Palaeoentomology 002 (6): 534–555 ISSN 2624-2826 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/pe/ PALAEOENTOMOLOGY PE Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press Editorial ISSN 2624-2834 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.2.6.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:25D35BD3-0C86-4BD6-B350-C98CA499A9B4 André Nel sixtieth anniversary Festschrift DANY AZAR1, 2, ROMAIN GARROUSTE3 & ANTONIO ARILLO4 1Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Natural Sciences, P.O. Box: 26110217, Fanar, Matn, Lebanon. Email: [email protected] 2State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China. 3Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB-UMR 7205-CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, Entomologie, F-75005, Paris, France. 4Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. FIGURE 1. Portrait of André Nel. During the last “International Congress on Fossil Insects, mainly by our esteemed Russian colleagues, and where Arthropods and Amber” held this year in the Dominican several of our members in the IPS contributed in edited volumes honoring some of our great scientists. Republic, we unanimously agreed—in the International This issue is a Festschrift to celebrate the 60th Palaeoentomological Society (IPS)—to honor our great birthday of Professor André Nel (from the ‘Muséum colleagues who have given us and the science (and still) national d’Histoire naturelle’, Paris) and constitutes significant knowledge on the evolution of fossil insects a tribute to him for his great ongoing, prolific and his and terrestrial arthropods over the years.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the United States National Museum
    REVISION OF THE TWO-WINGED FLIES OF THE FAMILY CLUSIIDAE. By A. L. Melander and Naomi George Argo, Of the State College of Washington, Pullman. The family Clusiidae, sometimes called the Heteroneuridae or the Clusiodidae, is generally regarded as one of the rarer groups of the Diptera. Seldom are its members met with in more than solitary individuals. In our experience in collecting a hundred thousand specimens of Diptera but a few dozen representatives of Clusiidae have been encountered. Previously there have been described from the entire world 13 valid genera and 55 species. Aldrich's Catalogue in 1905 listed but 2 genera and 12 species as known from North America. The sub- sequent publications of Johnson and Malloch have added 11 recog- nized new species to the American list. Fifteen species have been described from Europe and the same number from South America, while four species have been recorded from the islands south of Asia. The material secured for the present study, amounting to some 400 specimens, has produced 52 species, of which 25 are new. With the extension in distribution of species originally described from Europe or South America there are now known to occur in North America, including Central America, a total of 58 species belonging to 7 genera. Thus in its present status the family includes 80 recognized species distributed among 13 genera. The Clusiidae are restricted in their distribution to Europe, North and South America, and the East Indies. No species have been described from Africa, Australia, or Asia, but there is mention by Lefroy of the occurrence of an undetermined species in India.
    [Show full text]
  • Species List
    The species collected in your Malaise trap are listed below. They are organized by group and are listed in the order of the 'Species Image Library'. ‘New’ refers to species that are brand new to our DNA barcode library. 'Rare' refers to species that were only collected in your trap out of all 59 that were deployed for the program. BIN Group (scientific name) Species Common Name Scientific Name New Rare BOLD:AAB3890 Spiders (Araneae) Thinlegged wolf spider Pardosa fuscula BOLD:AAA9991 Spiders (Araneae) Running crab spider Philodromus BOLD:AAB8024 Spiders (Araneae) Longjawed orbweaver Tetragnatha versicolor BOLD:ABW2639 Mites (Arachnida) Whirligig mite Anystidae BOLD:AAM7961 Mites (Arachnida) Whirligig mite Anystidae BOLD:AAB7914 Springtails (Collembola) Globular springtail Bourletiella BOLD:ABX3225 Beetles (Coleoptera) Flea beetle Psylliodes cucullata BOLD:ABA0187 Beetles (Coleoptera) Snout beetle Dorytomus BOLD:AAG3633 Beetles (Coleoptera) Marsh beetle Cyphon BOLD:ABA9956 Beetles (Coleoptera) Rove beetle Atheta BOLD:AAN6240 Flies (Diptera) Acartophthalmid fly Acartophthalmus nigrinus BOLD:ACP6334 Flies (Diptera) Root maggot fly Anthomyiinae BOLD:ABV0350 Flies (Diptera) March fly Bibio BOLD:AAC9614 Flies (Diptera) Northern blow fly Protophormia terraenovae BOLD:ABX0280 Flies (Diptera) Gall midge Cecidomyiidae BOLD:AAN5172 Flies (Diptera) Biting midge Ceratopogonidae BOLD:AAA5300 Flies (Diptera) Non-biting midge Cricotopus BOLD:AAP5921 Flies (Diptera) Non-biting midge Cricotopus BOLD:AAI9470 Flies (Diptera) Non-biting midge Cyphomella
    [Show full text]
  • Torngat Mountains Taxonomy Report
    Torngat Mountains Taxonomy Report Class Order Family Species Arachnida Araneae Linyphiidae Praestigia kulczynskii Mesostigmata Laelapidae Pachylaelapidae Insecta Lepidoptera Argyresthiidae Argyresthia pygmaeella Coleophoridae Coleophora canadensisella Crambidae Gelechiidae Geometridae Gracillariidae Acrocercops astericola Parornix obliterella Phyllonorycter anderidae Phyllonorycter hilarella Incurvariidae Incurvaria circulella Momphidae Nepticulidae Stigmella betulicola Tortricidae Yponomeutidae Paraswammerdamia lapponica Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Elateridae Staphylinidae Diptera Acartophthalmidae Acartophthalmus nigrinus Agromyzidae Chromatomyia opacella Anisopodidae Sylvicola fuscatus Anthomyiidae Alliopsis benanderi Delia longicauda Pegomya circumpolaris Pegomya icterica Pegoplata tundrica Anthomyzidae Borboropsidae Borboropsis puberula Brachystomatidae Heleodromia pullata Calliphoridae Cynomya cadaverina Cecidomyiidae Ceratopogonidae Chaoboridae Chironomidae Ablabesmyia monilis Chironomus longistylus Cladotanytarsus atridorsum Halocladius variabilis Krenosmittia halvorseni Limnophyes brachytomus Limnophyes schnelli Metriocnemus eurynotus Micropsectra logani Micropsectra polita Parakiefferiella scandica Parametriocnemus boreoalpinus 1 Paratanytarsus austriacus Smittia aterrima Tanytarsus gregarius Tvetenia paucunca Chloropidae Thaumatomyia trifasciata Culicidae Cylindrotomidae Dolichopodidae Dolichopus brevipennis Dolichopus groenlandicus Dolichopus nigrilineatus Scellus amplus Empididae Dolichocephala chillcotti Fanniidae Fannia atripes
    [Show full text]
  • FLYTREE: Cooperative Research in Phylogenetics and Bioinformatics
    FLFLYYTRETREEE:: CooperatiCooperativeve ResearchResearch iinn PhyPhyllogogenetieneticscs andand BBiioioinfnformatiormaticscs TowTowardard aa DiDipteranpteran TreeTree ofof LLiiffee Brian Wiegmann, North Carolina SState University, USA Rudolf MMeier, National University oof SSINGAPORE David K.K. YYeates, CSIRO, Entomology, AUSTRALIA Markus Friedrich, Wayne St. University, Detroit Greg Courtney, Iowa SState University F. Christian Thompson, USDA, ARS, Systematic EEntomology LaLab, Washington DC, USA Gail KaKampmeier, Illinois Natural HistoHistory SSurvey, Illinois, USA DIDIPTEPTERARA Lowerer DipDiptereraa BrBraacchycycereraa FFLLIIEESS ((DDIIPTPTEERA)RA):: AA MMajajoror ClCladeade ofof LLiiffee •~125,000 species described (12% of animals) • total species richness at least 2-3 times >> • morphologically exuberant lineage • origins in the late Paleozoic Earliest AAngiospermrms Earliest BrachBrachycera Earlieest DDiptera DDiipptteerarann GeGenomnomeess 1010 AdAddditioitionnalal ddipteripteranan gengenoommeses inin prproogrgress:ess: • DDrosophilarosophila psepseudobscudobscuraura • GGlossinalossina mmorsitansorsitans • AAeededess aeaegygyptipti • 88 spespeccieiess ofof DDrosophilarosophila Anopheles gambiaeiae FFLYTRLYTREEEE -- NNSSFF AToLAToL DiDipptteerara • Cooperative Research iin Phylogenetics and Bioinformatics oof True Flies (Diptera:Insecta) (8 laboratories, 15-20 collaborating dipterists; 5 years) • Large pproject to bbring together major ccontributors to modern sysynthesis of fly phylogeny • Mult-level approach with three main ““tiers”
    [Show full text]
  • Insect Egg Size and Shape Evolve with Ecology but Not Developmental Rate Samuel H
    ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1302-4 Insect egg size and shape evolve with ecology but not developmental rate Samuel H. Church1,4*, Seth Donoughe1,3,4, Bruno A. S. de Medeiros1 & Cassandra G. Extavour1,2* Over the course of evolution, organism size has diversified markedly. Changes in size are thought to have occurred because of developmental, morphological and/or ecological pressures. To perform phylogenetic tests of the potential effects of these pressures, here we generated a dataset of more than ten thousand descriptions of insect eggs, and combined these with genetic and life-history datasets. We show that, across eight orders of magnitude of variation in egg volume, the relationship between size and shape itself evolves, such that previously predicted global patterns of scaling do not adequately explain the diversity in egg shapes. We show that egg size is not correlated with developmental rate and that, for many insects, egg size is not correlated with adult body size. Instead, we find that the evolution of parasitoidism and aquatic oviposition help to explain the diversification in the size and shape of insect eggs. Our study suggests that where eggs are laid, rather than universal allometric constants, underlies the evolution of insect egg size and shape. Size is a fundamental factor in many biological processes. The size of an 526 families and every currently described extant hexapod order24 organism may affect interactions both with other organisms and with (Fig. 1a and Supplementary Fig. 1). We combined this dataset with the environment1,2, it scales with features of morphology and physi- backbone hexapod phylogenies25,26 that we enriched to include taxa ology3, and larger animals often have higher fitness4.
    [Show full text]
  • Dipterists Digest: Contents 1988–2021
    Dipterists Digest: contents 1988–2021 Latest update at 12 August 2021. Includes contents for all volumes from Series 1 Volume 1 (1988) to Series 2 Volume 28(2) (2021). For more information go to the Dipterists Forum website where many volumes are available to download. Author/s Year Title Series Volume Family keyword/s EDITOR 2021 Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (46) 2 28 (2): 252 LIAM CROWLEY 2021 Pandivirilia melaleuca (Loew) (Diptera, Therevidae) recorded from 2 28 (2): 250–251 Therevidae Wytham Woods, Oxfordshire ALASTAIR J. HOTCHKISS 2021 Phytomyza sedicola (Hering) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) new to Wales and 2 28 (2): 249–250 Agromyzidae a second British record Owen Lonsdale and Charles S. 2021 What makes a ‘good’ genus? Reconsideration of Chromatomyia Hardy 2 28 (2): 221–249 Agromyzidae Eiseman (Diptera, Agromyzidae) ROBERT J. WOLTON and BENJAMIN 2021 The impact of cattle on the Diptera and other insect fauna of a 2 28 (2): 201–220 FIELD temperate wet woodland BARRY P. WARRINGTON and ADAM 2021 The larval habits of Ophiomyia senecionina Hering (Diptera, 2 28 (2): 195–200 Agromyzidae PARKER Agromyzidae) on common ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris) stems GRAHAM E. ROTHERAY 2021 The enigmatic head of the cyclorrhaphan larva (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha) 2 28 (2): 178–194 MALCOLM BLYTHE and RICHARD P. 2021 The biting midge Forcipomyia tenuis (Winnertz) (Diptera, 2 28 (2): 175–177 Ceratopogonidae LANE Ceratopogonidae) new to Britain IVAN PERRY 2021 Aphaniosoma melitense Ebejer (Diptera, Chyromyidae) in Essex and 2 28 (2): 173–174 Chyromyidae some recent records of A. socium Collin DAVE BRICE and RYAN MITCHELL 2021 Recent records of Minilimosina secundaria (Duda) (Diptera, 2 28 (2): 171–173 Sphaeroceridae Sphaeroceridae) from Berkshire IAIN MACGOWAN and IAN M.
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera) Attracted to Meat Baited Pyramidal Trap on Sapping Stump of European Walnut (Juglans Regia) in Central Bohemia (Czech Republic)
    ISSN 1211-3026 Čas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A), 60: 223-233, 2011 DOI: 10.2478/v10210-011-0026-3 Records of interesting flies (Diptera) attracted to meat baited pyramidal trap on sapping stump of European walnut (Juglans regia) in Central Bohemia (Czech Republic) Miroslav Barták & Jindřich Roháček Records of interesting flies (Diptera) attracted to meat baited pyramidal trap on sapping stump of European walnut (Juglans regia) in Central Bohemia (Czech Republic). – Čas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A), 60: 223-233. Abstract: A pyramidal trap with combined bait is described and illustrated. The trap inserted above sapping stump of European walnut (Juglans regia) in a site in Central Bohemia near Uhlířské Janovice in 2010 yielded a rich spectrum of flies (Diptera). Records of 24 species most interesting from the faunistic, biological and nature conservancy point of view are given with comments upon their distribution and biology but a number of other captured species are also mentioned. Besides species developing in or attracted as adults to sap runs [e.g. Syrphidae: Ceriana conopsoides (Linnaeus, 1758), Aulacigastridae: three Aulacigaster spp., various Drosophilidae], other important components were formed by saproxylic [Xylomyidae: Solva marginata (Meigen, 1820), some Stratiomyidae, many Lonchaeidae, Milichiidae: Milichia ludens (Wahlberg, 1847), some Muscidae], mycophagous (some Asteiidae, Sphaeroceridae, Drosophilidae), necrophagous (some Sepsidae, Acartophtalmidae, Milichiidae, Sphaeroceridae) and saprophagous (some Sepsidae, Carnidae, Milichiidae, Sphaeroceridae) species, both latter attracted to meat-bait used in the trap. Aulacigaster falcata Papp, 1998 is the first record from Bohemia. Key words: Diptera, pyramidal trap, sapping stump of Juglans regia, meat-bait, new records Introduction A number of various trapping methods were developed to capture flies (for review and descriptions of traps see e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT BAYLESS, KEITH MOHR. Phylogenomic Studies of Evolutionary Radiations of Diptera
    ABSTRACT BAYLESS, KEITH MOHR. Phylogenomic Studies of Evolutionary Radiations of Diptera. (Under the direction of Dr. Brian M. Wiegmann.) Efforts to understand the evolutionary history of flies have been obstructed by the lack of resolution in major radiations. Diptera is a highly diverse branch on the tree of life, but this diversity accrued at an uneven pace. Some of radiations that contributed disproportionately to species diversity occurred contemporaneously, and understanding the relationships of these taxa can illuminate broad scale patterns. Relationships between some subordinate groups of taxa are notoriously difficult to untangle, and genomic data will address these problems at a new scale. This project will focus on two major radiations in Diptera: Tabanus horse flies and relatives, and acalyptrate Schizophora. Tabanus includes over one thousand species. Synthesis focused research on the group is stymied by its species richness, worldwide distribution, inconsistent diagnosis, and scale of undescribed diversity. Furthermore, the genus may be non-monophyletic with respect to more than 10 other lineages of horse flies. A groundwork phylogenetic study of worldwide Tabanus is needed to understand the evolution of this lineage and to make comprehensive taxonomic projects manageable. Data to address this question was collected from two different sources. A dataset including five genes was sequenced from ninety-four species in the Tabanus group, including nearly all genera of Tabanini and at least one species from every biogeographic region. Then a new data source from a next generation sequencing approach, Anchored Hybrid Enrichment exome capture, was used to accumulate a dataset including hundreds of genes for a subset of the taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • ^ Bulletin of the Diptera Recording Schemes No 15 September 19^3 This Bulletin Gives Details of the Forthcoming Autumn Meetin
    » ^ - 1 - Bulletin of the Diptera Recording Schemes No 15 September 19^3 This Bulletin gives details of the forthcoming Autumn Meetings and dinner, together with announcements of some events next year. News of the current season and other items are included. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE DIPTERA RECORDING SCHEMES - 12 NOVEMBER I983 The venue is the British Museum (Natural History), South Kensington, London. The morning lecture session will be followed by an infonnal afternoon with demonstrations and optional discussions. MORNING LECTURE SESSION (Main Lecture Hall) ChairmanPeter Dyte (a specialist on Dolichopodidae) 11. 00 - 11..20 amDr Charles Godfrey Leaf mining by Anthomyids 11. 20 - 1 1 ..40 amDr John Haslett Hoverflies, flowers - and skis I 11. 40 - 12..15 pmDr John Coulson Diptera in the Uplands 12. 15 - 12..35 pm Dr Henry Disney Dixids and Thaumaleids 12. 35 - 12..55 pm Dr Nick Burgess and Dr Keith Snow The Mosquito Recording Scheme LUNCH (various canteens, cafes, pubs etc or bring your own sandwiches) AFTERNOON SESSION (Demonstration Room, Palaeontology Department). Last year’s more informal approach was welcomed by many people. This year we will hold an exhibition ^ d optional demonstrations in one room and pffer informal discussions on various schemes in another room. 2-00 - 2.30 pm Setting up time for exhibits, informal discussion 2.30 - 3 • 15 pni Various optional demonstrations (setting, slide mounts, genitalia preps etc.) 3 .1 5 - 4.30 pm Option of joining short discussions on recording schemes (mainly hoverflies, Larger Brachycera, sciomyzids). 4 .30 - 5*45 pm Informal and identification/advice service. The success of the afternoon session is greatly assisted if there are plenty of exhibits - so thalfe up to you.
    [Show full text]
  • Dipterists Digest Dipterists Digest
    1 Dipterists Digest Volume 26, No. 2 2019 First records of Helina pulchella (Ringdahl) (Diptera, Muscidae) from Finland and notes on the biology of the species Dipterists Digest JAAKKO POHJOISMÄKI and ANTTI HAARTO ………………………………. 111-115 Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (42) EDITOR …………………………………………………………………………………... 116 Mechanisms and patterns of feeding in some leaf-mining larvae (Diptera, Agromyzidae, Drosophilidae and Anthomyiidae) GRAHAM E. ROTHERAY ........................................................................................ 117-137 Further records of Leopoldius calceatus (Rondani) (Diptera, Conopidae) in Britain DAVID K. CLEMENTS, CHRIS BENTLEY and PAUL KITCHENER ……….. 137-138 Effects of the 2018 heatwave on British hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) ROGER K.A. MORRIS and STUART G. BALL …………………………………. 139-150 Further records of Chymomyza caudatula Oldenberg (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from England IVAN PERRY …………………………………………………………………………….. 150 Nematoproctus praesectus Loew (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) new to Britain, found together with N. distendens (Meigen), and notes on their habitat preferences C. MARTIN DRAKE ………………………………………………………………... 151-160 Changes to the Irish Diptera List (29) EDITOR …………………………………………………………………………………... 160 Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) visiting ivy Hedera species ROGER K.A. MORRIS and STUART G. BALL …………………………………... 161-167 continued inside back cover Published by 2019 Vol. 26 No. 2 ISSN 0953-7260 1 2 Zaphne caudata (Zetterstedt) (Diptera, Anthomyiidae) new to the East of England (V.Cs
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Bayesian Divergence Time Estimations of Small-Headed Xies (Diptera: Acroceridae) Using Multiple Molecular Markers
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43 (2007) 808–832 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogeny and Bayesian divergence time estimations of small-headed Xies (Diptera: Acroceridae) using multiple molecular markers Shaun L. Winterton a,¤, Brian M. Wiegmann a, Evert I. Schlinger b a Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA b The World Spider Parasitoid Laboratory, Santa Ynez, CA, USA Received 16 May 2006; revised 19 July 2006; accepted 13 August 2006 Available online 24 August 2006 Abstract The Wrst formal analysis of phylogenetic relationships among small-headed Xies (Acroceridae) is presented based on DNA sequence data from two ribosomal (16S and 28S) and two protein-encoding genes: carbomoylphosphate synthase (CPS) domain of CAD (i.e., rudi- mentary locus) and cytochrome oxidase I (COI). DNA sequences from 40 species in 22 genera of Acroceridae (representing all three sub- families) were compared with outgroup exemplars from Nemestrinidae, Stratiomyidae, Tabanidae, and Xylophagidae. Parsimony and Bayesian simultaneous analyses of the full data set recover a well-resolved and strongly supported hypothesis of phylogenetic relation- ships for major lineages within the family. Molecular evidence supports the monophyly of traditionally recognised subfamilies Philopoti- nae and Panopinae, but Acrocerinae are polyphyletic. Panopinae, sometimes considered “primitive” based on morphology and host-use, are always placed in a more derived position in the current study. Furthermore, these data support emerging morphological evidence that the type genus Acrocera Meigen, and its sister genus Sphaerops, are atypical acrocerids, comprising a sister lineage to all other Acroceri- dae. Based on the phylogeny generated in the simultaneous analysis, historical divergence times were estimated using Bayesian methodol- ogy constrained with fossil data.
    [Show full text]