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Family Descriptions
FAMILY DESCRIPTIONS CAT = Although they do not contain keys, the identification references include recent cata- logues as valuable source on genera, species, distribution and references. CMPD = Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera. Lindner = Chapter in Lindner, E., Die Fliegen der Paläarktischen Region. ( ) Family names between brackets refer to names as found in the literature, not recognised here as a separate family but, as indicated, considered part of another family. et al. References with more than two authors are given as First author et al. As far as not yet outdated, the number of genera and species in Europe is largely based on the Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, the CMPD and Fauna Europaea, the latter available online at: www.faunaeur.org (consulted was version 1.2, updated 7 March 2005). As to size, the following categories are distinguished: minute: smaller than 2 mm; small: 2- 5 mm; medium sized: 5-10 mm; large: 10-20 mm; very large: over 20 mm. Acartophthalmidae (key couplet 113; fig. 243) Systematics: Acalyptrate Brachycera; superfamily Opomyzoidea; in Europe 1 genus, Acartophthalmus, with 3 species. Characters: Minute to small (1-2.5 mm), brownish grey flies. Arista pubescent, ocelli present; Oc-bristles present; P-bris- tles strong, far apart, diverging; 3 pairs of F-bristles, curving obliquely out-backward, increasing in size, the upper pair the largest; scattered interfrontal setulae present; vibrissae absent but with a series of strong bristles near the vibrissal angle. Wing unmarked or tinged along costa; costa with a humeral break only; vein Sc complete; crossvein BM-Cu present; cell cup closed. -
Proceedings of the United States National Museum
REVISION OF THE TWO-WINGED FLIES OF THE FAMILY CLUSIIDAE. By A. L. Melander and Naomi George Argo, Of the State College of Washington, Pullman. The family Clusiidae, sometimes called the Heteroneuridae or the Clusiodidae, is generally regarded as one of the rarer groups of the Diptera. Seldom are its members met with in more than solitary individuals. In our experience in collecting a hundred thousand specimens of Diptera but a few dozen representatives of Clusiidae have been encountered. Previously there have been described from the entire world 13 valid genera and 55 species. Aldrich's Catalogue in 1905 listed but 2 genera and 12 species as known from North America. The sub- sequent publications of Johnson and Malloch have added 11 recog- nized new species to the American list. Fifteen species have been described from Europe and the same number from South America, while four species have been recorded from the islands south of Asia. The material secured for the present study, amounting to some 400 specimens, has produced 52 species, of which 25 are new. With the extension in distribution of species originally described from Europe or South America there are now known to occur in North America, including Central America, a total of 58 species belonging to 7 genera. Thus in its present status the family includes 80 recognized species distributed among 13 genera. The Clusiidae are restricted in their distribution to Europe, North and South America, and the East Indies. No species have been described from Africa, Australia, or Asia, but there is mention by Lefroy of the occurrence of an undetermined species in India. -
Torngat Mountains Taxonomy Report
Torngat Mountains Taxonomy Report Class Order Family Species Arachnida Araneae Linyphiidae Praestigia kulczynskii Mesostigmata Laelapidae Pachylaelapidae Insecta Lepidoptera Argyresthiidae Argyresthia pygmaeella Coleophoridae Coleophora canadensisella Crambidae Gelechiidae Geometridae Gracillariidae Acrocercops astericola Parornix obliterella Phyllonorycter anderidae Phyllonorycter hilarella Incurvariidae Incurvaria circulella Momphidae Nepticulidae Stigmella betulicola Tortricidae Yponomeutidae Paraswammerdamia lapponica Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Elateridae Staphylinidae Diptera Acartophthalmidae Acartophthalmus nigrinus Agromyzidae Chromatomyia opacella Anisopodidae Sylvicola fuscatus Anthomyiidae Alliopsis benanderi Delia longicauda Pegomya circumpolaris Pegomya icterica Pegoplata tundrica Anthomyzidae Borboropsidae Borboropsis puberula Brachystomatidae Heleodromia pullata Calliphoridae Cynomya cadaverina Cecidomyiidae Ceratopogonidae Chaoboridae Chironomidae Ablabesmyia monilis Chironomus longistylus Cladotanytarsus atridorsum Halocladius variabilis Krenosmittia halvorseni Limnophyes brachytomus Limnophyes schnelli Metriocnemus eurynotus Micropsectra logani Micropsectra polita Parakiefferiella scandica Parametriocnemus boreoalpinus 1 Paratanytarsus austriacus Smittia aterrima Tanytarsus gregarius Tvetenia paucunca Chloropidae Thaumatomyia trifasciata Culicidae Cylindrotomidae Dolichopodidae Dolichopus brevipennis Dolichopus groenlandicus Dolichopus nigrilineatus Scellus amplus Empididae Dolichocephala chillcotti Fanniidae Fannia atripes -
Insect Egg Size and Shape Evolve with Ecology but Not Developmental Rate Samuel H
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1302-4 Insect egg size and shape evolve with ecology but not developmental rate Samuel H. Church1,4*, Seth Donoughe1,3,4, Bruno A. S. de Medeiros1 & Cassandra G. Extavour1,2* Over the course of evolution, organism size has diversified markedly. Changes in size are thought to have occurred because of developmental, morphological and/or ecological pressures. To perform phylogenetic tests of the potential effects of these pressures, here we generated a dataset of more than ten thousand descriptions of insect eggs, and combined these with genetic and life-history datasets. We show that, across eight orders of magnitude of variation in egg volume, the relationship between size and shape itself evolves, such that previously predicted global patterns of scaling do not adequately explain the diversity in egg shapes. We show that egg size is not correlated with developmental rate and that, for many insects, egg size is not correlated with adult body size. Instead, we find that the evolution of parasitoidism and aquatic oviposition help to explain the diversification in the size and shape of insect eggs. Our study suggests that where eggs are laid, rather than universal allometric constants, underlies the evolution of insect egg size and shape. Size is a fundamental factor in many biological processes. The size of an 526 families and every currently described extant hexapod order24 organism may affect interactions both with other organisms and with (Fig. 1a and Supplementary Fig. 1). We combined this dataset with the environment1,2, it scales with features of morphology and physi- backbone hexapod phylogenies25,26 that we enriched to include taxa ology3, and larger animals often have higher fitness4. -
Dipterists Digest: Contents 1988–2021
Dipterists Digest: contents 1988–2021 Latest update at 12 August 2021. Includes contents for all volumes from Series 1 Volume 1 (1988) to Series 2 Volume 28(2) (2021). For more information go to the Dipterists Forum website where many volumes are available to download. Author/s Year Title Series Volume Family keyword/s EDITOR 2021 Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (46) 2 28 (2): 252 LIAM CROWLEY 2021 Pandivirilia melaleuca (Loew) (Diptera, Therevidae) recorded from 2 28 (2): 250–251 Therevidae Wytham Woods, Oxfordshire ALASTAIR J. HOTCHKISS 2021 Phytomyza sedicola (Hering) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) new to Wales and 2 28 (2): 249–250 Agromyzidae a second British record Owen Lonsdale and Charles S. 2021 What makes a ‘good’ genus? Reconsideration of Chromatomyia Hardy 2 28 (2): 221–249 Agromyzidae Eiseman (Diptera, Agromyzidae) ROBERT J. WOLTON and BENJAMIN 2021 The impact of cattle on the Diptera and other insect fauna of a 2 28 (2): 201–220 FIELD temperate wet woodland BARRY P. WARRINGTON and ADAM 2021 The larval habits of Ophiomyia senecionina Hering (Diptera, 2 28 (2): 195–200 Agromyzidae PARKER Agromyzidae) on common ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris) stems GRAHAM E. ROTHERAY 2021 The enigmatic head of the cyclorrhaphan larva (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha) 2 28 (2): 178–194 MALCOLM BLYTHE and RICHARD P. 2021 The biting midge Forcipomyia tenuis (Winnertz) (Diptera, 2 28 (2): 175–177 Ceratopogonidae LANE Ceratopogonidae) new to Britain IVAN PERRY 2021 Aphaniosoma melitense Ebejer (Diptera, Chyromyidae) in Essex and 2 28 (2): 173–174 Chyromyidae some recent records of A. socium Collin DAVE BRICE and RYAN MITCHELL 2021 Recent records of Minilimosina secundaria (Duda) (Diptera, 2 28 (2): 171–173 Sphaeroceridae Sphaeroceridae) from Berkshire IAIN MACGOWAN and IAN M. -
Diptera) Attracted to Meat Baited Pyramidal Trap on Sapping Stump of European Walnut (Juglans Regia) in Central Bohemia (Czech Republic)
ISSN 1211-3026 Čas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A), 60: 223-233, 2011 DOI: 10.2478/v10210-011-0026-3 Records of interesting flies (Diptera) attracted to meat baited pyramidal trap on sapping stump of European walnut (Juglans regia) in Central Bohemia (Czech Republic) Miroslav Barták & Jindřich Roháček Records of interesting flies (Diptera) attracted to meat baited pyramidal trap on sapping stump of European walnut (Juglans regia) in Central Bohemia (Czech Republic). – Čas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A), 60: 223-233. Abstract: A pyramidal trap with combined bait is described and illustrated. The trap inserted above sapping stump of European walnut (Juglans regia) in a site in Central Bohemia near Uhlířské Janovice in 2010 yielded a rich spectrum of flies (Diptera). Records of 24 species most interesting from the faunistic, biological and nature conservancy point of view are given with comments upon their distribution and biology but a number of other captured species are also mentioned. Besides species developing in or attracted as adults to sap runs [e.g. Syrphidae: Ceriana conopsoides (Linnaeus, 1758), Aulacigastridae: three Aulacigaster spp., various Drosophilidae], other important components were formed by saproxylic [Xylomyidae: Solva marginata (Meigen, 1820), some Stratiomyidae, many Lonchaeidae, Milichiidae: Milichia ludens (Wahlberg, 1847), some Muscidae], mycophagous (some Asteiidae, Sphaeroceridae, Drosophilidae), necrophagous (some Sepsidae, Acartophtalmidae, Milichiidae, Sphaeroceridae) and saprophagous (some Sepsidae, Carnidae, Milichiidae, Sphaeroceridae) species, both latter attracted to meat-bait used in the trap. Aulacigaster falcata Papp, 1998 is the first record from Bohemia. Key words: Diptera, pyramidal trap, sapping stump of Juglans regia, meat-bait, new records Introduction A number of various trapping methods were developed to capture flies (for review and descriptions of traps see e.g. -
ABSTRACT BAYLESS, KEITH MOHR. Phylogenomic Studies of Evolutionary Radiations of Diptera
ABSTRACT BAYLESS, KEITH MOHR. Phylogenomic Studies of Evolutionary Radiations of Diptera. (Under the direction of Dr. Brian M. Wiegmann.) Efforts to understand the evolutionary history of flies have been obstructed by the lack of resolution in major radiations. Diptera is a highly diverse branch on the tree of life, but this diversity accrued at an uneven pace. Some of radiations that contributed disproportionately to species diversity occurred contemporaneously, and understanding the relationships of these taxa can illuminate broad scale patterns. Relationships between some subordinate groups of taxa are notoriously difficult to untangle, and genomic data will address these problems at a new scale. This project will focus on two major radiations in Diptera: Tabanus horse flies and relatives, and acalyptrate Schizophora. Tabanus includes over one thousand species. Synthesis focused research on the group is stymied by its species richness, worldwide distribution, inconsistent diagnosis, and scale of undescribed diversity. Furthermore, the genus may be non-monophyletic with respect to more than 10 other lineages of horse flies. A groundwork phylogenetic study of worldwide Tabanus is needed to understand the evolution of this lineage and to make comprehensive taxonomic projects manageable. Data to address this question was collected from two different sources. A dataset including five genes was sequenced from ninety-four species in the Tabanus group, including nearly all genera of Tabanini and at least one species from every biogeographic region. Then a new data source from a next generation sequencing approach, Anchored Hybrid Enrichment exome capture, was used to accumulate a dataset including hundreds of genes for a subset of the taxa. -
^ Bulletin of the Diptera Recording Schemes No 15 September 19^3 This Bulletin Gives Details of the Forthcoming Autumn Meetin
» ^ - 1 - Bulletin of the Diptera Recording Schemes No 15 September 19^3 This Bulletin gives details of the forthcoming Autumn Meetings and dinner, together with announcements of some events next year. News of the current season and other items are included. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE DIPTERA RECORDING SCHEMES - 12 NOVEMBER I983 The venue is the British Museum (Natural History), South Kensington, London. The morning lecture session will be followed by an infonnal afternoon with demonstrations and optional discussions. MORNING LECTURE SESSION (Main Lecture Hall) ChairmanPeter Dyte (a specialist on Dolichopodidae) 11. 00 - 11..20 amDr Charles Godfrey Leaf mining by Anthomyids 11. 20 - 1 1 ..40 amDr John Haslett Hoverflies, flowers - and skis I 11. 40 - 12..15 pmDr John Coulson Diptera in the Uplands 12. 15 - 12..35 pm Dr Henry Disney Dixids and Thaumaleids 12. 35 - 12..55 pm Dr Nick Burgess and Dr Keith Snow The Mosquito Recording Scheme LUNCH (various canteens, cafes, pubs etc or bring your own sandwiches) AFTERNOON SESSION (Demonstration Room, Palaeontology Department). Last year’s more informal approach was welcomed by many people. This year we will hold an exhibition ^ d optional demonstrations in one room and pffer informal discussions on various schemes in another room. 2-00 - 2.30 pm Setting up time for exhibits, informal discussion 2.30 - 3 • 15 pni Various optional demonstrations (setting, slide mounts, genitalia preps etc.) 3 .1 5 - 4.30 pm Option of joining short discussions on recording schemes (mainly hoverflies, Larger Brachycera, sciomyzids). 4 .30 - 5*45 pm Informal and identification/advice service. The success of the afternoon session is greatly assisted if there are plenty of exhibits - so thalfe up to you. -
Dipterists Digest Dipterists Digest
1 Dipterists Digest Volume 26, No. 2 2019 First records of Helina pulchella (Ringdahl) (Diptera, Muscidae) from Finland and notes on the biology of the species Dipterists Digest JAAKKO POHJOISMÄKI and ANTTI HAARTO ………………………………. 111-115 Corrections and changes to the Diptera Checklist (42) EDITOR …………………………………………………………………………………... 116 Mechanisms and patterns of feeding in some leaf-mining larvae (Diptera, Agromyzidae, Drosophilidae and Anthomyiidae) GRAHAM E. ROTHERAY ........................................................................................ 117-137 Further records of Leopoldius calceatus (Rondani) (Diptera, Conopidae) in Britain DAVID K. CLEMENTS, CHRIS BENTLEY and PAUL KITCHENER ……….. 137-138 Effects of the 2018 heatwave on British hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) ROGER K.A. MORRIS and STUART G. BALL …………………………………. 139-150 Further records of Chymomyza caudatula Oldenberg (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from England IVAN PERRY …………………………………………………………………………….. 150 Nematoproctus praesectus Loew (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) new to Britain, found together with N. distendens (Meigen), and notes on their habitat preferences C. MARTIN DRAKE ………………………………………………………………... 151-160 Changes to the Irish Diptera List (29) EDITOR …………………………………………………………………………………... 160 Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) visiting ivy Hedera species ROGER K.A. MORRIS and STUART G. BALL …………………………………... 161-167 continued inside back cover Published by 2019 Vol. 26 No. 2 ISSN 0953-7260 1 2 Zaphne caudata (Zetterstedt) (Diptera, Anthomyiidae) new to the East of England (V.Cs -
World Catalog of the Family Carnidae (Diptera, Schizophora)
World Catalog of the Family Carnidae (Diptera, Schizophora) Irina Brake ABSTRACT A comprehensive catalog of all 95 species of Carnidae (Diptera, Schizophora) including all citations. INTRODUCTION The Carnidae are quite small (1-2 mm) black flies and probably due to their small size, they have not attracted a great degree of study. One notable exception is Carnus hemapterus Nitzsch, which is parasitic on birds, and was therefore the centre of several studies. Most species of the Carnidae are saprophagous and are associated with carrion, faeces, or bird's nests. Worldwide there are six genera with 93 extant and two fossil species. Information on morphology, biology, classification, and distribution of the Carnidae can be found in Hennig (1937), Sabrosky (1987), and Papp (1998a), with some information on morphology present in Brake (2000b) and the European distribution in Ozerov (2010). The Nearctic species of the genus Meoneura were revised by Sabrosky (1959), and the genus Carnus was revised by Grimaldi (1997). A key to genera was published by Sabrosky (1987), Papp (1998a), and Buck & Marshall (2007). The phylogeny of the Carnidae was discussed by Hennig (1972), Grimaldi (1997), Buck (2006), and Buck & Marshall (2007). Meoneura and Carnus are sister groups with the latter probably arising from within Meoneura. Sister group to Meoneura+Carnus is Enigmocarnus, and sister group to these three genera is Hemeromyia. The sister group to the latter group is a clade consisting of Neomeoneurites and the fossil genus Meoneurites. The position of the family within the Schizophora was discussed by Griffiths (1972), J. K. McAlpine (1989) and Buck (2006). -
An Annotated List of Insects and Other Arthropods
This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Text errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. Invertebrates of the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Western Cascade Range, Oregon. V: An Annotated List of Insects and Other Arthropods Gary L Parsons Gerasimos Cassis Andrew R. Moldenke John D. Lattin Norman H. Anderson Jeffrey C. Miller Paul Hammond Timothy D. Schowalter U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Portland, Oregon November 1991 Parson, Gary L.; Cassis, Gerasimos; Moldenke, Andrew R.; Lattin, John D.; Anderson, Norman H.; Miller, Jeffrey C; Hammond, Paul; Schowalter, Timothy D. 1991. Invertebrates of the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, western Cascade Range, Oregon. V: An annotated list of insects and other arthropods. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-290. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 168 p. An annotated list of species of insects and other arthropods that have been col- lected and studies on the H.J. Andrews Experimental forest, western Cascade Range, Oregon. The list includes 459 families, 2,096 genera, and 3,402 species. All species have been authoritatively identified by more than 100 specialists. In- formation is included on habitat type, functional group, plant or animal host, relative abundances, collection information, and literature references where available. There is a brief discussion of the Andrews Forest as habitat for arthropods with photo- graphs of representative habitats within the Forest. Illustrations of selected ar- thropods are included as is a bibliography. Keywords: Invertebrates, insects, H.J. Andrews Experimental forest, arthropods, annotated list, forest ecosystem, old-growth forests. -
Diptera: Acalyptrata)
ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE Published 15.vii.2016 Volume 56(1), pp. 409–422 ISSN 0374-1036 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:559DAA98-D81A-48F7-8DA0-4FD6C171EDC7 The second species of Acartophthalmites from Baltic amber (Eocene), with notes on the relationships of the genus (Diptera: Acalyptrata) Jindřich ROHÁČEK Department of Entomology, Silesian Museum, Nádražní okruh 31, CZ-746 01 Opava, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Hitherto, the Paleogene fossil genus Acartophthalmites Hennig, 1965 included only the type species, A. tertiaria Hennig, 1965, from Baltic amber (Eocene, ca. 40 Mya). An additional species, Acartophthalmites clusioides sp. nov., is described based on a well preserved male in a Baltic amber inclusion from Kaliningrad: Yantarny (Russia). It distinctly differs from A. tertiaria in a number of characters demonstrating that the genus Acartophthalmites is mor- phologically more diverse than considered previously. Moreover, the study of A. clusioides resulted in fi nding that Acartophthalmites is obviously not related to Acartophthalmidae (where it was originally affi liated), but seems to be closer to Clusiidae, although surely not belonging to the latter family as currently delimited. Therefore a revision of all available specimens of Acartophthalmites is suggested to gain a more complete set of morphological data of this genus, enabling analysis of its phylogenetic relationships. Keywords. Taxonomy, Acartophthalmites, A. clusioides sp. nov., Baltic amber, Eocene, relationships Introduction The fossil genus Acartophthalmites was established by HENNIG (1965: 130) for a single species, A. tertiaria Hennig, 1965, described on the basis of four female specimens from Baltic amber (lower Eocene, cca 40 Ma).