DOCSLIB.ORG

Organized Labor and US Foreign Policy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Organized Labor and US Foreign Policy Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 11-1-2012 Organized Labor and U.S. Foreign Policy: The Solidarity Center in Historical Context George Nelson Bass III Florida International University, [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FI12113003 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Bass, George Nelson III, "Organized Labor and U.S. Foreign Policy: The oS lidarity Center in Historical Context" (2012). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 752. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/752 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida ORGANIZED LABOR AND U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: THE SOLIDARITY CENTER IN HISTORICAL CONTEXT A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in POLITICAL SCIENCE by G. Nelson Bass III 2012 To: Dean Kenneth G. Furton College of Arts and Science This dissertation, written by G. Nelson Bass III, and entitled Organized Labor and U.S. Foreign Policy: The Solidarity Center in Historical Context, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. _______________________________________ Guillermo J. Grenier _______________________________________ Felix Martin _______________________________________ Nicol C. Rae _______________________________________ Richard Tardanico _______________________________________ Ronald W. Cox, Major Professor Date of Defense: November 1, 2012 The dissertation of G. Nelson Bass III is approved. _______________________________________ Dean Kenneth G. Furton College of Arts and Sciences _______________________________________ Dean Lakshmi N. Reddi University Graduate School Florida International University, 2012 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to first thank my parents, Carolyn and Nelson Bass Jr., for their constant support, guidance and encouragement, which has given me the drive to achieve my goals. In addition, I owe a special debt of gratitude to my amazing and wonderful wife, Lindsay, who always believed in me. I could have never done this without her support, inspiration, and love. I am enormously thankful to the members of my dissertation committee: Dr. Ronald W. Cox, Dr. Guillermo Grenier, Dr. Felix Martin, Dr. Nicol C. Rae, and Dr. Richard Tardanico, whose comments and feedback were of invaluable assistance to me in the process of writing and completing my dissertation. I am eternally grateful to Dr. Cox, who has been a source of guidance for the last six years, both intellectually and as a role model for what every professor should strive to be. Finally, I would like to thank the Department of Politics and International Relations at Florida International University for granting me a Graduate Teaching Assistantship, which provided me with the opportunity to attend graduate school and allowed me to gain valuable experience with excellent professors. iii ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION ORGANIZED LABOR AND U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: THE SOLIDARITY CENTER IN HISTORICAL CONTEXT by G. Nelson Bass III Florida International University, 2012 Miami, Florida Professor Ronald W. Cox, Major Professor During the Cold War the foreign policy of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), was heavily criticized by scholars and activists for following the lead of the U.S. state in its overseas operations. In a wide range of states, the AFL-CIO worked to destabilize governments selected by the U.S. state for regime change, while in others the Federation helped stabilize client regimes of the U.S. state. In 1997 the four regional organizations that previously carried out AFL- CIO foreign policy were consolidated into the American Center for International Labor Solidarity (Solidarity Center). My dissertation is an attempt to analyze whether the foreign policy of the AFL-CIO in the Solidarity Center era is marked by continuity or change with past practices. At the same time, this study will attempt to add to the debate over the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the post-Cold War era, and its implications for future study. Using the qualitative “process-tracing” detailed by of Alexander George and Andrew Bennett (2005) my study examines a wide array of primary and secondary sources, including documents from the NED and AFL-CIO, in order to analyze the iv relationship between the Solidarity Center and the U.S. state from 2002-2009. Furthermore, after analyzing broad trends of NED grants to the Solidarity Center, this study examines three dissimilar case studies including Venezuela, Haiti, and Iraq and the Middle East and North African (MENA) region to further explore the connections between U.S. foreign policy goals and the Solidarity Center operations. The study concludes that the evidence indicates continuity with past AFL-CIO foreign policy practices whereby the Solidarity Center follows the lead of the U.S. state. It has been found that the patterns of NED funding indicate that the Solidarity Center closely tailors its operations abroad in areas of importance to the U.S. state, that it is heavily reliant on state funding via the NED for its operations, and that the Solidarity Center works closely with U.S. allies and coalitions in these regions. Finally, this study argues for the relevance of “top-down” NGO creation and direction in the post-Cold War era. v TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. .......................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 THE AFL & AFL-CIO FOREIGN POLICY AND BUSINESS UNIONISM: COLD WAR SCHOLARSHIP ................................................................................................... 6 BUSINESS UNIONISM ................................................................................................. 9 ANTI-COMMUNISM, LABOR ELITES, CAPTURE, OR ALL THREE… .............. 14 COLD WAR SCHOLARSHIP ON AFL-CIO FOREIGN POLICY ............................ 14 SUMMARY OF COLD WAR LITERATURE............................................................. 29 CENTRAL PROPOSITION .......................................................................................... 30 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 31 Case Selection ............................................................................................................ 31 Process Tracing and Historical Explanation as Methodology ................................... 32 Plan of Dissertation: ................................................................................................... 35 II. ....................................................................................................................................... 37 FEDERATION FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE COLD WAR ............................. 37 Gompers and the Early Roots of AFL Foreign Policy ............................................... 39 The Institutional Evolution of the Labor-State Relationship ..................................... 41 The Federation Foreign Institutes: A Primer .............................................................. 49 The AFL and AFL-CIO & the Cold War: Stabilization............................................. 55 The AFL and AFL-CIO & the Cold War: Destabilization ......................................... 76 Shifting Funding Flows: Labor, the NED, and “Democracy Promotion” ................. 84 The Creation of the National Endowment for Democracy ........................................ 87 The NED and Democracy Promotion as “Limited Democracy” or Polyarchy .......... 91 Chapter Summary ....................................................................................................... 94 III....................................................................................................................................... 96 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 96 THE SOLIDARITY CENTER CREATION AND EFFORTS TO OPEN THE BOOKS ....................................................................................................................................... 98 The ACILS AND FUNDING ...................................................................................... 103 THE SOLIDARITY CENTER AND THE NED ........................................................ 109 ACILS-NED EUROPEAN GRANTS 2001-2009 ...................................................... 114 ACILS-NED MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA (MENA) GRANTS 2001-2009 121 ACILS-NED LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN GRANTS 2001-2009 ........ 125 ACILS-NED ASIA AND CHINA GRANTS 2001-2009 ........................................... 128 IMPLICATIONS OF THE SOURCES OF SOLIDARITY CENTER FUNDING .... 131 CHAPTER SUMMARY ............................................................................................. 132 vi IV. ..................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Executive Council Report
    ExEcutivE council REpoRt FoR ThE PaST FouR YEaRS, the Executive Council of the AFL-CIO, which is the governing body of the federation between conventions, has coordinated the work of our movement to reverse the growing power of giant corporations and special interests, while advancing the crucial needs of working families and driving programs to build a people-powered future for America. We deployed multiple approaches to grow and strengthen our movement. We seized opportunities to make working family priorities central in our nation and the global economy. And we worked to build a unified labor movement with the power to take on the tremendous challenges before us. The AFL-CIO Executive Council is constitutionally charged with reporting on the activities of the AFL-CIO and its affiliates to each Convention. It is with great respect for the delegates to our 26th Constitutional Convention that we present this report on highlights of the past four years. CONTENTS Growing and strengthening the union Movement 17 putting Working Family priorities at center stage 26 unifying our Movement 39 AFL-CIO CONVENTION • 2009 15 16 AFL-CIO CONVENTION • 2009 Growing and Strengthening the Union Movement At ouR 2005 ConVEnTIon, the AFL-CIO In 2005, we adopted a comprehensive recognized the imperative to do much more to resolution calling for the AFL-CIO and its affiliates support and stimulate the organizing of new to devote even more resources, research and members by affiliates and to enact federal staff to helping workers join unions and bargain. legislation to curtail anti-union activities by Since that time, affiliates have significantly employers and restore the freedom of workers increased funding and operations to join unions and bargain for a better life.
    [Show full text]
  • Janice Fine, Page 1
    Janice Fine, Page 1 JANICE FINE Associate Professor, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 50 Labor Way, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 (848) 932-1746, office (617) 470-0454, cell [email protected] Research and Teaching Fields Innovation and change in the U.S. labor movement; worker centers, new forms of unionism and alternative forms of organization among low-wage workers; community organizing and social movements; immigration: history, theory, policy and political economy; immigrant workers and their rights, US and comparative immigration policy and unions in historical and contemporary perspective, labor standards regulation and enforcement, government oversight, privatization. Education Massachusetts Institute of Technology Ph.D., Political Science January, 2003 (American Politics, Public Policy, Political Economy, Industrial Relations) University of Massachusetts, Boston B.A., 1989, Labor Studies/Community Planning Professional Experience April 2011- Rutgers University, Associate Professor, School of Management and Labor Relations July 2005-April 2011 Rutgers University, Assistant Professor, School of Management and Labor Relations 2003-2005 Economic Policy Institute, Principal Investigator, national study of immigrant worker centers Publications Books No One Size Fits All: Worker Organization, Policy, and Movement in a New Economic Age, LERA 2018 Research Volume, ISBN: 978-0-913447-16-1, Editor, with co-editors: Linda Burnham, Research Fellow, National Domestic Workers Alliance; Kati Griffith, Cornell University; Minsun Ji, University of Colorado, Denver; Victor Narro, UCLA Downtown Labor Center; and Steven Pitts, UC Berkeley Labor Center Worker Centers: Organizing Communities at the Edge of the Dream, Cornell University Press ILR Imprint, 2006. http://www.cornellpress.cornell.edu Nominee, UALE Best Published Book in Labor Education, 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018-19 Annual Report
    SOLIDARITY CENTER PROMOTING WORKER RIGHTS WORLDWIDE 2018-19 ANNUAL REPORT The Solidarity Center is the largest U.S.-based international worker rights organization helping workers attain safe and healthy workplaces, family-supporting wages, dignity on the job and greater equity at work and in their community. Allied with the AFL-CIO, the Solidarity Center assists workers across the globe as, together, they fight discrimination, exploitation and the systems that entrench poverty—to achieve shared prosperity in the global economy. The Solidarity Center acts on the fundamental principle that working people can, by exercising their right to freedom of association and forming trade unions and democratic worker rights organizations, collectively improve their jobs and workplaces, call on their governments to uphold laws and protect human rights, and be a force for democracy, social justice and inclusive economic development. Our Mission: Empowering workers to raise their voices for dignity on the job, justice in their communities and greater equality in the global economy. The Solidarity Center Education Fund is a registered charitable organization tax-exempt under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Contributions are tax-deductible to the extent of applicable laws. A summary of activities from July 2018 to December 2019 and financial highlights for the year ending November 30, 2019, are described in this report. Editors: Carolyn Butler, Tula Connell, Kate Conradt Design: Deepika Mehta Copyright by the Solidarity Center 2019 All rights reserved. ON THE COVER: In her 60s, Etaf Awdi Hamdi Eqdeeh works on farms near Gaza, Palestine, to help support her family. She must visit local farms daily to find temporary jobs.
    [Show full text]
  • Configurations of Masculinity in the Pittston Coal Strike
    POLITICSKAREN BECKWITH & SOCIETY Gender Frames and Collective Action: Configurations of Masculinity in the Pittston Coal Strike KAREN BECKWITH This article develops the concept of gender frame for understanding major transfor- mations in the collective action repertoires of social movements. Focusing on the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) strike against the Pittston Coal Group (1989-90), the article discusses the UMWA’s traditional collective action repertoire and its innovation of nonviolent protest, widely employed during the strike. Inter- views with major activists and UMWA staff and officers illustrate how the UMWA employed a gender frame of mining masculinities to initiate the new nonviolent strike action. The article concludes by suggesting how collective action repertoires and framing are linked and encouraging future research on gender frames in social movements. “It is precisely the masculinity of mining as a task that gives gender its relevance.”1 Coal mining is one of the most male-predominant industries in the United States. The nature of the work—underground, dangerous, and physically demanding—has marked it as one of the most romantically “masculine” occupa- tions. The popular image of the coal miner is that of a man: brave, physically strong, militant, face blackened with coal dust, fiercely independent, anachronis- My work on comparative mining strikes owes much to my colleagues in political science, women’s studies, and labor studies. I have benefited from discussions with Sidney Tarrow, Lee Ann Banaszak, Chris Howell, Mary Fainsod Katzenstein, David Meyer, Eve Sandberg, Mary Margaret Fonow, Myra Young Armstead, Mary Collar, Eric Karolak, Greg Kaster, Paul Mishler, Ruth Needleman, and Ellen Todd.
    [Show full text]
  • Tom Kahn and the Fight for Democracy: a Political Portrait and Personal Recollection
    Tom Kahn and the Fight for Democracy: A Political Portrait and Personal Recollection Rachelle Horowitz Editor’s Note: The names of Tom Kahn and Rachelle Horowitz should be better known than they are. Civil rights leader John Lewis certainly knew them. Recalling how the 1963 March on Washington was organised he said, ‘I remember this young lady, Rachelle Horowitz, who worked under Bayard [Rustin], and Rachelle, you could call her at three o'clock in the morning, and say, "Rachelle, how many buses are coming from New York? How many trains coming out of the south? How many buses coming from Philadelphia? How many planes coming from California?" and she could tell you because Rachelle Horowitz and Bayard Rustin worked so closely together. They put that thing together.’ There were compensations, though. Activist Joyce Ladner, who shared Rachelle Horowitz's one bedroom apartment that summer, recalled, ‘There were nights when I came in from the office exhausted and ready to sleep on the sofa, only to find that I had to wait until Bobby Dylan finished playing his guitar and trying out new songs he was working on before I could claim my bed.’ Tom Kahn also played a major role in organising the March on Washington, not least in writing (and rewriting) some of the speeches delivered that day, including A. Philip Randolph’s. When he died in 1992 Kahn was praised by the Social Democrats USA as ‘an incandescent writer, organizational Houdini, and guiding spirit of America's Social Democratic community for over 30 years.’ This account of his life was written by his comrade and friend in 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • Sweating for Democracy: Working-Class Media and the Struggle for Hegemonic Jewishness, 1919-1941 by Brian Craig Dolber Dissertat
    SWEATING FOR DEMOCRACY: WORKING-CLASS MEDIA AND THE STRUGGLE FOR HEGEMONIC JEWISHNESS, 1919-1941 BY BRIAN CRAIG DOLBER DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Communication in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2011 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committe: Professor Robert W. McChesney, Chair Professor James R. Barrett Professor John C. Nerone Associate Professor Inger Lisbeth Stole ii Abstract Using the framework of political economy of media, this dissertation examines the history of the Jewish working class counterpublic in the United States during the interwar period and its relationships to the broader public sphere. Between 1919 and 1941, organic intellectuals, such as B.C. Vladeck, J.B.S. Hardman, Fannia Cohn, and Morris Novik, employed strategies to maintain the Yiddish-language newspaper the Forward, worker education programs, and radio station WEVD. These forms of media and cultural production were shaped by internal conflicts and struggles within the counterpublic, as well as evolving practices and ideas around advertising, public relations, and democracy. Vladeck, Hardman, Cohn and Novik all helped to extend Yiddish socialist culture through the reactionary 1920s while laying the groundwork for an American working class culture represented by the CIO in the 1930s, and a broad consensus around a commercial media system by the postwar period. This history demonstrates the challenges, conflicts, and contradictions that emerge in media production within counterpublics, and posits that other similar case studies are necessary in order develop enlightened strategies to democratize our contemporary media system. iii Acknowledgments While this dissertation is the product of many years of labor on my part, I can not imagine having completed it without the support and inspiration of so many people.
    [Show full text]
  • Whpr19740928-009
    Digitized from Box 3 of the White House Press Releases at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library FOR I~;EDIATE RELEASE September 2£J 1974 Office of the White House Press Secretary ------------------------------------------------------------------- THE WHITE HOUSE The President today announced the appoini:ment of seventeen persons to serve on the President's Labor-Management Committee: John D. Harper - Chairman, Chief Executive Office1': arid Chairman of Executive Committee, Aluminum Company of America Reginald H. Jones - Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, General Electric Stephen D. Bechtel, Jr., - Chairman of the Board, Bechtel Corp. Richard C. Gerstenberg .. Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, General Motors Rawleigh Warner, Jr. - Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Mobil Oil Corporation Walter B. Wriston - Chairman of the Board, First National City Bank Arthur Wood - Chairman of the Board - Sears, Roebuck &: Company R. Heath Larry - Vice Chairman of the Board - U. S. Steel Dr. John T. Dunlop - Former Director of the Cost of Living Council (Will serve as coordinator of the Committee) George Meany - President - AFL/CIO Lane Kirkland .. Secretary-Treasurer - AFL/CIO I. W. Abel - President of the United Steelworkers of America Murray H. Finley - President of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America Paul Hall .. President of the Seafarers International Union of North America Frank E. Fitzsimmons - President of the Teamsters International Union Leonard Woodcock - President of the United Auto Workers Arnold Miller - President of the United Mine Workers The Committee shall consist of eight labor members and eight management members and a neutral coordinator, all to be designated by the President. -MORE­ (OVER) -2­ The Committee sh~ll study and shall advise and make recommendations to the President with re3pect to polides th~.\; m~~ be fC':~;'.')wed hy hJ:or, manag.p.men~;.
    [Show full text]
  • American Center for International Labor Solidarity/AFL-CIO Copyright © May 2003 by American Center for International Labor Solidarity
    JJUSTICEUSTICE FFOROR AALLLL AA GuideGuide toto WorkerWorker RightsRights inin thethe GlobalGlobal EconomyEconomy American Center for International Labor Solidarity/AFL-CIO Copyright © May 2003 by American Center for International Labor Solidarity All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America American Center for International Labor Solidarity 1925 K Street, NW Suite 300 Washington, DC 20006 www.solidaritycenter.org The American Center for International Labor Solidarity, or the Solidarity Center, is a non-profit organization established to provide assistance to workers who are struggling to build democratic and independent trade unions around the world. It was established in 1997 through the consolidation of four regional AFL-CIO institutes. Working with unions, non- governmental organizations and other community partners, the Solidarity Center supports programs and projects to advance worker rights and promote broad-based, sustainable economic development around the world. Cover design by Fingerhut, Powers, Smith & Associates, Inc. Photos courtesy of the International Labor Organization JUSTICEJUSTICE FORFOR ALLALL A Guide to Worker Rights in the Global Economy American Center for International Labor Solidarity/AFL-CIO May 2003 Funding provided by a grant from the National Endowment for Democracy TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction The State of Worker Rights Today xiii Chapter 1 Worker Rights Standards and Violation Checklist 1 ■ Freedom of Association (ILO Convention No. 87) 3 ■ Right to Organize and Bargain Collectively (ILO Convention 10 No. 98) ■ Forced Labor (ILO Conventions No. 29 and No. 105) 14 ■ Child Labor (ILO Conventions No. 138 and No. 182) 17 ■ Discrimination (Equality in Employment and Occupation) 23 (ILO Conventions No. 100 and No. 111) ■ Acceptable Conditions of Work (ILO Conventions No.
    [Show full text]
  • You Wouldn't Steal a Donut, So Why Would You Steal a Digital Record?
    Label Letter Vol. XXXV, No. 2 Mar-Apr 2010 Union Label & Service Trades Department, AFL-CIO You Wouldn’t Steal a Donut, So Why Would You Steal a Digital Record? fair day’s work for a fair day’s of Professionals, unions in the entertain- wage. Securing that wage for mem- ment industry recently won unanimous bers is the fi rst duty of every union, support from the AFL-CIO Executive Ain manufacturing, construction, Council for a strongly worded resolution transportation, sports, government and to increase public awareness of the scope entertainment. of the problem of intellectual property So, think of George Clooney, Denzel theft. The resolution pledges labor’s sup- Washington, Beyonce, Lady Ga Ga, Peyton port for government policies to counter- Manning, Bono, Bruce Springsteen, Katie act digital piracy and encourages union Couric, or the stunt driver in your favor- members to respect copyright law—and ite action movie as just another dues as a matter of union solidarity—urges payer, just like bus driver, bakery worker, union members to never illegally down- a machinist or a plumber. load or stream pirated content, or pur- Theft isn’t a big problem for bus driv- chase illegal CDs and DVDs. How’s That ‘Buy ers, bakers, machinists or plumbers, but Although the term “show business” con- it is for show business workers. Your jures up images of lavish lifestyles, the real American’ Thing Working favorite movie personalities, singers and work of show business involves millions of Out on Wind Energy? entertainers are losing billions of dol- people who live a middle class existence, lars to thieves—people who steal their with families, kids who need braces, homes “Renewables” are the corner- work—and they’ve asked their unions to and car payments.
    [Show full text]
  • Interview with Thomas R. Donahue
    Library of Congress Interview with Thomas R. Donahue Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project Labor Series THOMAS R. DONAHUE Interviewer: James F. Shea and Don R. Kienzle Initial interview date: April 9, 1997 Copyright 1999 ADST DONAHUPage - DONAHUPage - Shea: Good afternoon. I am Jim Shea. It's the afternoon of April 9, 1997, and we are here in the office of Tom Donahue, the former President [and earlier Secretary-Treasurer] of the AFL- CIO [American Federation of Labor-Committee for Industrial Organization], who is now working for the Center for Dispute Resolution. Tom, can we ask you to tell us a little about your background, especially your connections with international labor. DONAHUE: Sure. I have worked in the labor movement since 1948 and became involved relatively early on with the Labor Attach# Program and with people who worked in international affairs, because I spent three years, from 1957 to 1960, working in Paris. I worked for Radio Free Europe and the Free Europe Committee in Paris and consequently came to have an interest in what was going on in the international labor world and in the Labor Attach# Program. In my early years in the movement, I knew lots of people, many of them were just names to me but they were names of some reputation, who were going into the labor attach# field in the late 1940s and 1950s. Then, through the years, working for the Service Employees Interview with Thomas R. Donahue http://www.loc.gov/item/mfdipbib000300 Library of Congress International Union (SEIU) and later for the Federation (AFL-CIO), I had a lot of ongoing contact with people who worked in the Labor Attach# Corps all around the world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project Labor Series
    The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project Labor Series LANE KIRKLAND Interviewer: James F. Shea and Don R. Kienzle Initial interview date: November 13, 199 Copyright 1998 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Bac ground, Education, and Early Employment Born in Camden, South Carolina U.S. Merchant Marine Masters, Mates, and Pilots Union Georgetown University School of Foreign Service Naval Hydrographic Office Employment at the American Federation of Labor International Labor Organi,ation Fran Fenton, U.S. -or er Delegate Phil Delaney, U.S. -or er Delegate. Bric er Amendment Contacts with Early State Department Labor Attaches Selection of Labor Attaches Free Trade Union Committee European Office of the AFL in Paris AFL .ole in Germany AFL .ole in France International Maritime Preparatory Committee Seafarers International Union National Maritime Union AFL-CIO Department of International Affairs George Meany and International Labor Affairs Free Trade Union Committee International Confederation of Free Trade Unions International Labor Organi,ation Anti-Communism 1 AFL and the CIO .ivalry and Differences American Institute for Free Labor Development 0AIFLD1 Management .epresentatives on Board of Directors Country Program Offices Training Programs Other AFL-CIO Labor Assistance Institutes Poland and Solidarity 2.O... as the Precursor Secretary of State Ed Mus ie Polish Government3s Crac down on Solidarity Dennis Healy3s .eaction AFL-CIO3s Call for Tough Sanctions First Congress of Solidarity 4isa Application and
    [Show full text]
  • Honor Mike Brown
    Irán: ¿Guerra de EUA contra Siria? ● Hiroshima y Nagasaki 12 Workers and oppressed peoples of the world unite! workers.org Vol. 57, No. 34 August 27, 2015 $1 FREE CHELSEA MANNING! WW commentary, page 6 Native Nations resist EPA’s toxic destruction By Chris Fry King Mine near Silverton, Colo., excava- level that requires municipal water sup- tles in the river bottom, only to be stirred tors hired by the federal Environmental pliers to shut down. Cadmium was mea- up by future storms and washed down- Corn, melons, squashes and other Protection Agency breached a wall at the sured at 6.13 ppb (safe limit: 5 ppb); arse- stream. This contamination may last for crops, along with sheep and cattle — mine, causing 3 million gallons of yel- nic at 264 ppb (safe limit: 10 ppb); iron at years. these are what the Diné (Navajo) farmers low-orange waste water to be dumped 326,000 ppb (safe limit: 1,000 ppb); cop- Particularly hard hit is the Navajo Res- grow and raise along the San Juan River into nearby Cement Creek, which flows per at 1,120 ppb (safe limit: 1,000 ppb); ervation, the largest Indigenous territory in the Navajo Reservation in New Mexi- into the Animas River and then into the and manganese at 3,040 ppb (safe limit: in the country. Stretching across por- co. They use the water from the river to San Juan River. 50 ppb). Elevated levels of zinc, berylli- tions of Utah, New Mexico and Arizona, irrigate their crops and provide water for Since then, toxic heavy metals have um and aluminum have also been found.
    [Show full text]