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[email protected] FAKE NEWS LAWS IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA Foreword 2 Preface 3 Executive Summary 4 INTRODUCTION 6 DISINFORMATION 14 EXISTING LEGISLATIONS 22 FAKE NEWS LEGISLATION 26 COVID-19 TEMPORARY LEGISLATION 30 IMPACT ON FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION 34 RECOMMENDATIONS 49 CONCLUSION 54 Bibliography 56 Abstract 59 About 60 FOREWORD Whoever said “a lie travels halfway The Disinformation Baseline Study around the world while the truth is produced by the Council of Asian putting on its shoes” is right.